Journal articles: 'Computers in libraries'

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Bawden, David. "Computers for libraries." International Journal of Information Management 14, no. 1 (February 1994): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0268-4012(94)90098-1.

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McDonald, Robert H. "Computers in Libraries 2000." College & Undergraduate Libraries 7, no. 2 (December 2000): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j106v07n02_05.

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WILSON, ELIZABETH. "COMPUTERS CUSTOMIZE COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES." Chemical & Engineering News 76, no. 17 (April 27, 1998): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v076n017.p031.

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Grosch, Audrey N. "Personal computers for libraries." Information Processing & Management 22, no. 6 (January 1986): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4573(86)90113-5.

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Sachtschal, E. "Use of Computers in Small Libraries." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 110 (1989): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100003316.

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The library of the European Southern Observatory exists in its holdings since about 1970. The library is still a small one. It contains about 15–20000 books, 240 journal titles, approximately 70 m shelf-space for Observatory Publications and has about 220 square meters surface area. With about the same size we have a second library in La Silla in Chile, the mountain where our telescopes are installed. In Garching we have one and a third (!) librarian(s) and in Chile one librarian as staff. The question is: is it possible and is it necessary to computerize such small libraries and how can we do it with such limited personnel? The answer is yes; it is possible and even worthwhile.

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Thompson, Susan. "Student Use of Library Computers: Are Desktop Computers Still Relevant in Today's Libraries?" Information Technology and Libraries 31, no. 4 (December 12, 2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v31i4.2284.

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Academic libraries have traditionally provided computers for students to access their collections and, more recently, facilitate all aspects of studying. Recent changes in technology, particularly the increased presence of mobile devices, calls into question how libraries can best provide technology support and how it might impact the use of other library services. A two-year study conducted at California State University San Marcos library analyzed student use of the computers in the library, both the library’s own desktop computers and laptops owned by students. The results found that, despite the increased ownership of mobile technology by students, they still clearly preferred to use desktop computers in the library. It also showed that students who used computers in the library were more likely to use other library services and physical collections.

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Livesey, Brian. "Computers for libraries (J.E. Rowley)." Education for Information 4, no. 3 (July 1, 1986): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-1986-4308.

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Sundgren, Victoria S. "Computers in libraries '99 conference." Research Strategies 16, no. 3 (January 1998): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0734-3310(00)80010-5.

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Amin Marghalani, Mohammad. "Personal Computers in Small Libraries." Public Library Quarterly 10, no. 4 (March 31, 1991): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j118v10n04_06.

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Dale, Doris Cruger. "Computers in Community College Libraries." Community & Junior College Libraries 3, no. 2 (January 23, 1985): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j107v03n02_04.

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Rowley, Jennifer. "Personal computers for libraries (Howard Falk)." Education for Information 4, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/efi-1986-4206.

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Deekle, Peter V. "CONFERENCE CIRCUIT: Computers in Libraries 2000." College & Research Libraries News 61, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.61.5.409.

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Leaf, Jesse J. "Databases Turn Computers into Science Libraries." Computers in Physics 2, no. 1 (1988): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4822647.

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Hennessey, Christina. "Computers in Libraries Conference, Washington, DC." Library Hi Tech News 21, no. 5 (June 2004): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07419050410546329.

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Emad Ahmed Abu Samhadana, Emad Ahmed Abu Samhadana. "Relying on the views and opinions of librarians to know the reality of the level of electronic information services provided in school libraries in the province of Karak: الاعتماد على آراء أمناء المكتبات لمعرفة واقع مستوى خدمات المعلومات الإلكترونية المقدمة في المكتبات المدرسية في محافظة الكرك." Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences 5, no. 8 (June 28, 2021): 127–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.d071020.

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This study focused on the view and opinion of school librarians about the extent of electronic information services provided in school libraries in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. And studied this problem: through the provision of school libraries' electronic information services; what level of their ability to help the success and improve the teaching process. The views and opinions of librarians were collected through a questionnaire on the reality of electronic information services provided by school libraries of the Ministry of Education in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The study included librarians in public schools in the academic year 2016-2017. The study focused on school librarians, whether male or female, in the general public education community in Karak governorate. The researcher used the descriptive, analytical approach and the opinions of the librarians in the information services. To collect the data, the researcher used a questionnaire to know the situation of officials and staff of information services in school libraries and also to identify the problems facing these services and to know future plans to improve and develop information services provided in school libraries. Due to the lack of Internet, the lack of integrated automated systems, the lack of computers for employees or beneficiaries, the lack of marketing activities, the lack of exploitation of social networks, and the lack of cooperation between school libraries in the field of information services in Jordan; Most libraries offer traditional services such as reference service, secondment, etc., as indicated in this study. Electronic information services in school libraries face many difficulties or challenges or important problems, such as lack of information network, budget, the provision of computers rarely, the lack of training programs, and therefore this achieves the desired objectives for libraries negatively affected by these difficulties and challenges. The study focused on a set of hypotheses and the results were as follows: For the response of the sample on the difficulties facing electronic information services, there are differences with statistical function, due to a set of variables such as (gender, participation in training courses), but because of these two variables (knowledge of tasks There are no statistically significant differences.

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Hudron Kari, Kingdom, and Ebikabowei Emmanuel Baro. "The use of library software in Nigerian University Libraries and challenges." Library Hi Tech News 31, no. 3 (April 29, 2014): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-09-2013-0053.

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Purpose – The study aimed to look at the library software in use in Nigerian university libraries, and the challenges and frustrations experienced in their automation projects. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a descriptive survey method and covers university libraries in Nigeria. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 32 university libraries in Nigeria. Findings – The study revealed that university libraries in Nigeria widely use library software such as KOHA, SLAM and VIRTUA for their library operations. Challenges such as lack of skilled manpower, lack of fund, absence of modern systems (computers) and erratic power supply were identified as the major problems university libraries in Nigeria encountered while using library software. Librarians recommended the use of KOHA, SLAM or VIRTUA library software for use by university libraries that are in search for library software to use. Originality/value – The findings of this study will provide useful information to librarians and library administrators in Nigeria and other developing countries who want to automate their library operations.

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Chamberlain, Ken. "Reflections: Directions: Projections." Art Libraries Journal 19, no. 1 (1994): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008609.

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Reflections on three facets of professional art librarianship as experienced by the author over the past twenty years: the status of librarians, the status of the art library, information storage and retrieval. The University of Manitoba Faculty Association was one of the first in Canada to accept professional librarians as equal to faculty, a major step for the profession. Canadian librarians have played significant roles in the development of the Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) which from the beginning interested itself in collection development, technical practices of art libraries, and the needs, qualifications and physical surroundings of art librarians. The major technological development of the eighties for art libraries was not the widespread automation of major academic and public libraries, but the introduction of relatively inexpensive personal computers and attendant technology, which gives any library the capacity to access national and international databases and to assemble their files in a format which makes them readily available to a wider public.

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Xi-Mei, Zhang. "The Application of Computers in China's Libraries." Technical Services Quarterly 8, no. 4 (June 3, 1991): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j124v08n04_03.

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Smith, Kathleen. "Hack the Library: Computers in Libraries 2014." Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 26, no. 3 (July 3, 2014): 221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1941126x.2014.939043.

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Arms, William Y. "How effectively can computers be used skilled tasks of professional librarianship?" ETD - Educação Temática Digital 2, no. 1 (January 8, 2009): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/etd.v2i1.560.

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Libraries are expensive and research libraries are particularly expensive. Even in the United States, few people can afford good access to primary scientific, medical, legal and scholarly information. Members of major universities have excellent library services. So do people who work in teaching hospitals, or for drug companies or rich law firms. Others have access to information only through the tedious, inefficient system of interlibrary lending. In less affluent countries the situation is worse; even the best universities cannot afford good libraries. Must access to scientific and professional information always be expensive, or is it possible that digital libraries might change this sad situation? The costs of a conventional research library fall into three main categories: facilities (which include buildings), library materials and staff. In digital libraries, the facilities costs are small, since digital libraries avoid the need for expensive buildings. Digital libraries require computers and networks, but these are relatively inexpensive, and the costs to users are shared with other services, such as electronic mail and word processing...

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George, Alan D. "Simulating Microprocessor-Based Parallel Computers Using Processor Libraries." SIMULATION 60, no. 2 (February 1993): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003754979306000207.

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Hill, Beth. "Computers in Libraries: An Introduction for Library Technicians." Journal of the Medical Library Association 95, no. 2 (April 2007): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.95.2.209.

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KRUSCHE, PETER. "EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF BSP PROGRAMMING LIBRARIES." Parallel Processing Letters 18, no. 01 (March 2008): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626408003193.

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The model of bulk-synchronous parallel computation (BSP) helps to implement portable general purpose algorithms while maintaining predictable performance on different parallel computers. Nevertheless, when programming in ‘BSP style’, the running time of the implementation of an algorithm can be very dependent on the underlying communication library. In this study, an overview of existing approaches to practical BSP programming in C/C++ or Fortran is given and benchmarks were run for the two main BSP-like communication libraries, the Oxford BSP Toolset and PUB. Furthermore, a memory efficient matrix multiplication algorithm was implemented and used to compare their performance on different parallel computers and to evaluate the compliance with predictions by theoretical results.

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MORIARTY, K. J. M., and T. TRAPPENBERG. "PROGRAMMING TOOLS FOR PARALLEL COMPUTERS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 04, no. 06 (December 1993): 1285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183193001002.

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Although software tools already have a place on serial and vector computers they are becoming increasingly important for parallel computing. Message passing libraries, parallel operating systems and high level parallel languages are the basic software tools necessary to implement a parallel processing program. These tools up to now have been specific to each parallel computer system and a short survey will be given. The aim of another class of software tools for parallel computers is to help in writing or rewriting application programs. Because automatic parallelization tools are not very successful, an interactive component has to be incorporated. We will concentrate here on the discussion of SPEFY, a parallel program development facility.

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Malik, Khalid Mahmood. "Library Software in Pakistan." Information Development 11, no. 3 (September 1995): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026666699509110310.

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The use of computers in libraries in Pakistan is expected to increase as the government realizes the possibilities of new information technology. Outlines the basic elements of the computerization of library operations and discusses the problems of using and developing library software in Pakistan. Libraries have automated individually without exchanging experience; most libraries cannot afford library automation, and librarians are not trained in library automation. Although foreign software is not suitable for Pakistan's libraries, some foreign software is being used, including: dBase III+ and IV; Foxpro; INMAGIC; Mini-micro CDS/ISIS; MINISIS; and Sci-Mate. Attempts have been made to develop library applications software in Pakistan. The most successful has been the Library Automation and Management Program (LAMP), developed by the Netherlands Library Development Project-Pakistan using CDS/ISIS. Recommends that a National Centre for Library Software Development be established and a MARC format for Pakistan should be developed. Library software should be developed to deal with materials in local languages.

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Bolton Palumbo, Laura. "Mobile phones in Africa: opportunities and challenges for academic librarians." New Library World 115, no. 3/4 (March 4, 2014): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-01-2013-0008.

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Purpose – Lack of internet access and availability of computers in Africa has hindered learning and teaching there. However, the growing prevalence of mobile phones in Africa and elsewhere has created a way for information to be quickly and easily disseminated in areas where access to the internet and computers are limited. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Mobile phones in Africa are currently being used to share information relating to agriculture, health, and finance. This paper will examine these current uses, investigate the current and future use of mobile phones by academic libraries and in education in Africa, and discuss how mobile phones might be leveraged to further education and information dissemination through academic libraries. Findings – Limited access to electricity, computers, and the internet has prevented technological growth in Africa in the past, but innovative uses of mobile phones have provided an alternate avenue of progress. More still needs to be done so that this technology is accessible by all, such as training in basic adult literacy and English as a second language. African librarians should adopt mobile phone technologies as an integral part of their service, and employ them particularly in the areas of text reference, information literacy, and outreach. Originality/value – Librarians around the world are at a critical time, when the rapid developments brought about by the internet and mobile phones must be sought as a way to enhance library services. African librarians are in a unique position to utilize mobile phones to create new avenues of information sharing and instruction.

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Ghosh, Maitrayee. "Hack the Library! a first timer’s look at the 29th Computers in Libraries conference in Washington, DC." Library Hi Tech News 31, no. 5 (July 1, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-05-2014-0031.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on selected presentations from the 29th Computers in Libraries (CIL) conference that took place at Washington Hilton hotel, Washington, DC. In addition to its content, the CIL (2014) conference provided opportunities to discuss best practices and emerging issues with IT professionals, vendors and “techno” librarians, especially from North America. There was a conference within a conference – the Internet@Schools track integrated into CIL 2014 as Track E on Monday, April 7, and Tuesday, April 8. Design/methodology/approach – Reports from the viewpoint of a first-time attendee of CIL (2014) present a summary of the selected presentations with more detail on networking events and the exhibition. The CIL (2014) conference attracted librarians from 13 countries other than the USA. It is difficult to document the entire conference happenings in a single report because of several tracks (A-E) and number of speakers; therefore, a selective approach is used. Findings – The CIL (2014) in Washington, DC, is considered a major North American library technology conference for librarians and information managers. As a first-time attendee, the author found that CIL (2014) is informative; it covered technology applications in libraries and strategies to enhance communication – useful to librarians and information professionals both in the USA and internationally. The conference was full of innovative ideas and revealed the diversity of current developments in library service delivery, especially in North America. Originality/value – Today, more and more library users are using various innovative technologies including mobile apps, data visualization, application programming interfaces, open-source and multimedia. Phones (smart phones) and tablets are emerging as popular choices to access content. This report is a summary of selected educational sessions/presentations in CIL (2014) on diverse technology-related topics, especially mobile technology in libraries that will be of particular interest to readers and useful for professionals who did not attend CIL (2014) in Washington, DC.

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Maloney, Sean. "Conference Circuit: Computers in libraries ’97: Looking for quality." College & Research Libraries News 58, no. 6 (June 1, 1997): 408–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.58.6.408.

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Brodman, Estelle. "Computers and the Historic Milieu of Health Services Libraries." Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian 4, no. 4 (March 3, 1986): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j103v04n04_03.

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Hosking, Karin. "Crystal Ball Gazing." Australian Journal of Career Development 7, no. 2 (November 1998): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841629800700203.

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A recent survey of careers advisers indicated that they expected careers libraries to be largely computer-based in the future, taking advantage of the enormous variety of Internet and multimedia resources now available. The people surveyed also predicted that future clients would use resources from their home computers, and seek on-line career advice and counselling.

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Ahmad Bukhori S. "DESAIN SISTEM: VISUAL BASIC FOR APPLICATION EXCEL 2010 UNTUK PENGGAJIAN GURU MADRASAH ALIYAH MUHAMMADIYAH I MALANG." INTAJ : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmiah 3, no. 1 (October 16, 2019): 155–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35897/intaj.v3i1.209.

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In the world of education in Indonesia, computers have been introduced and used in schools ranging from basic education to tertiary institutions. Computers make it easy to find and provide learning materials can also be obtained, for example by the concept of electronic libraries (e-libraries) or electronic books (e-books). MA Muhammadiyah I Malang is a school that is equivalent to a high school (SMA) that has used a computer as a tool for the process of teaching and learning activities, finance, administration and so forth. Computers are tools that help humans in making reports or in producing information that can be achieved as a basis for decision making and can contribute more to data storage and data retrieval processes. Currently in the financial section for the processing of teaching fees and employee honorariums still use Microsoft Excel. Separate financial data in several sheets that require separate data input for each sheet so that financial calculations and reporting are less efficient and fast. The bookkeeping process is sometimes very difficult, complicated or even troublesome for some people. But today's computer technology has been able to change this process to be easier, simpler, faster and more efficientPayroll system is a computer application created to make it easier for employees in the financial department to make, calculate, report and analyze school financial turnover so that the application can provide optimal services to teachers and employees as a support for timely decision making.

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Kelly, Michael J. "Computers: the best friends a human genome ever had." Genome 31, no. 2 (January 15, 1989): 1027–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-177.

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Mapping and sequencing the human genome will generate large amounts of data, which must be sorted, analyzed, and stored for rapid retrieval to complete this enormous task. Computers and their software programs provide the most important tool to the molecular biologist today. A discussion of current capabilities and future needs in computer hardware and software for the human genome project is the topic of this paper. The use of computer programs to generate restriction maps, manage clone libraries, manage sequence projects, and generate consensus sequences is presented. The use of computers to communicate useful information rapidly to scientific colleagues is also mentioned. The role of both GenBank and BIONET is central to the dissemination and analysis of sequence information. The capabilities of electronic communication worldwide for assisting this project is available on the BIONET National Computer Resource, using existing networks.Key words: human genome, computers, software, clones, GenBank, BIONET, restriction maps, nucleic acid sequences.

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Vargha, Magda, and Attila Mizser. "Summary of a Survey of Astronomy Libraries." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 110 (1989): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100003493.

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AbstractA questionnaire about astronomy libraries was distributed in June 1988. The returns from 54 libraries are summarised; they show a large range in size, scope and procedures. Many libraries are connected to networks that give access to bibliographic databases, but only a small number use local computers for cataloguing. Some comments on the returns are given.

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Nebeolise, Lucy Ndidiamaka, and Ngozi P. Osuchukwu. "ISSUES IN SELECTING APPROPRIATE SOFTWARE FOR AUTOMATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 2, no. 10 (October 31, 2014): 32–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss10.245.

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The world is dynamic and information management is also dynamic. As such, one needs to change to the trend of global information management. There is an eagerness on the part of academic libraries and librarians in Nigeria to shift from traditional methods of information to modern information technologies. This has led to the influx of library software into the ICT market to drive automation needs of the academic libraries. There is need, however, for quality and reliable software that can effectively run on the operating systems of computers in academic libraries. This paper therefore, aims at creating awareness on the issues of selecting appropriate software for automation and management of academic libraries in Nigeria, and the existing software so as to enhance quality selection. The paper further portrayed the criteria in making an effective selection of software in academic libraries and provides guiding steps libraries should follow before selecting software. The paper not only discusses problems associated with software selection but also made recommendations for a way forward. It recommended for the library software developers to endeavor to always providing an upgrade that will not wipe out away old data, software that will be compatible with other library software user groups.

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Bertot, John Carlo. "Public Access Technologies in Public Libraries: Effects and Implications." Information Technology and Libraries 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ital.v28i2.3176.

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Public libraries were early adopters of Internet-based technologies and have provided public access to the Internet and computers since the early 1990s. The landscape of public-access Internet and computing was substantially different in the 1990s as the World Wide Web was only in its initial development. At that time, public libraries essentially experimented with publicaccess Internet and computer services, largely absorbing this service into existing service and resource provision without substantial consideration of the management, facilities, staffing, and other implications of public-access technology (PAT) services and resources. This article explores the implications for public libraries of the provision of PAT and seeks to look further to review issues and practices associated with PAT provision resources. While much research focuses on the amount of public access that public libraries provide, little offers a view of the effect of public access on libraries. This article provides insights into some of the costs, issues, and challenges associated with public access and concludes with recommendations that require continued exploration.

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Breckbill, Anita, and Virginia Baldwin. "Use of Main or Branch Library Web Pages on Public Access Computers in Academic Branch Libraries: Results of a Listserv Inquiry." College & Research Libraries 63, no. 5 (September 1, 2002): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl.63.5.421.

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Some academic branch libraries display a main library Web page as the default home page for their public computers. Others display a branch library page. In response to an inquiry sent to selected listservs, librarians from sixty-three academic institutions provided information about the choice and content of their default home pages. Although the numbers from the study do not clearly favor either choice, this paper, in summarizing the librarians’ input, provides insight into other available options and the considerations that contribute to maximum user benefit for a given library and library system.

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Giguère, Marlene. "An Introduction to Services Accessible on the Internet." Education Libraries 16, no. 2 (September 5, 2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/el.v16i2.26.

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The Internet is an international wide area network linking computers in research and educational institutions in more than thirty countries. Services include access to electronic mail and bulletin board facilities, access to machine-readable texts such as electronic serials, and the capacity to download complex text files and software. As libraries inevitably move toward greater cooperative resource sharing, the Internet will become an increasingly important tool in providing access to these resources. Libraries suffering from budget cutbacks must look for alternative and creative ways of providing the same level of service with decreasing physical and personnel resources. The Internet, an internationaltelecommunications and computer network, is potentially a tool which can expand a library's access to a vast range of services without increasing costs. For authorized users, generally transmitting on the Internet is free. In addition many of the services accessible on the Internet are also free of charge. The objective of this article is to explain what the Internet is and how it can be used advantageously in libraries. The strength of this network is in the types of services and the range of resources which it makes aocessible. The article will provide an overview of the electronic mail service, bulletin boards and electronicpublications available, as well as information on accessing online public access catalogs, databases and archives.

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Fernandez, Peter. "Through the looking glass: thinking through the internet of things." Library Hi Tech News 32, no. 5 (July 6, 2015): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-05-2015-0035.

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Purpose – This column aims to explore how the concept of the “Internet of Things” technology will impact everyday life, and examine its implications for libraries. The Internet serves as the foundation for a staggering array of connections between humans and computers all over the world. As a conceptual model, the “Internet of Things” (IOT) begs the question, what if the Internet expanded beyond humans and computers to include the other everyday objects that surround us? Design/methodology/approach – This column will explore how this technology might impact everyday life, and examine this technology’s implications for libraries. Findings – Companies of all kinds, including Intel, Microsoft, AT & T and DHL are all investing in the IOT, citing a variety of reports that estimate tremendous future growth. For example, a recent report by Business Insider predicts that by 2019, the IOT will be the largest device market in the world (overshadowing desktop computers and mobile devices combined) and create $1.7 trillion in new value, affecting business, homes, transportation, health care and government operations . Originality/value – Almost regardless of the success or failure of any given product, the concept of the IOT is a model that is affecting investors and businesses of all types, and in turn affecting technologies that are being developed today. By better understanding the IOT, librarians can therefore be better positioned to respond to developments as they emerge.

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Kumar, Rakesh. "FUTURE FOR SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING USING PYTHON." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 2, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v2.i1.2015.28.

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Computational science (scientific computing or scientific computation) is concerned with constructing mathematical models as well as quantitative analysis techniques and using computers to analyze as well as solve scientific problems. In practical use, it is basically the application of computer simulation as well as other forms of computation from numerical analysis and theoretical computer science to problems in different scientific disciplines. The scientific computing approach is to gain understanding, basically through the analysis of mathematical models implemented on computers. Python is frequently used for highperformance scientific applications and widely used in academia as well as scientific projects because it is easy to write and performs well. Due to its high performance nature, scientific computing in Python often utilizes external libraries like NumPy, SciPy and Matplotlib etc.

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Preddie, Martha Ingrid. "Canadian Public Library Users are Unaware of Their Information Literacy Deficiencies as Related to Internet Use and Public Libraries are Challenged to Address These Needs." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 4 (December 14, 2009): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8sp7f.

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A Review of: Julien, Heidi and Cameron Hoffman. “Information Literacy Training in Canada’s Public Libraries.” Library Quarterly 78.1 (2008): 19-41. Objective – To examine the role of Canada’s public libraries in information literacy skills training, and to ascertain the perspectives of public library Internet users with regard to their experiences of information literacy. Design – Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews and observations. Setting – Five public libraries in Canada. Subjects – Twenty-eight public library staff members and twenty-five customers. Methods – This study constituted the second phase of a detailed examination of information literacy (IL) training in Canadian public libraries. Five public libraries located throughout Canada were selected for participation. These comprised a large central branch of a public library located in a town with a population of approximately two million, a main branch of a public library in an urban city of about one million people, a public library in a town with a population of about 75,000, a library in a town of 900 people and a public library located in the community center of a Canadian First Nations reserve that housed a population of less than 100 persons. After notifying customers via signage posted in the vicinity of computers and Internet access areas, the researchers observed each patron as they accessed the Internet via library computers. Observations focused on the general physical environment of the Internet access stations, customer activities and use of the Internet, as well as the nature and degree of customer interactions with each other and with staff. Photographs were also taken and observations were recorded via field notes. The former were analyzed via qualitative content analysis while quantitative analysis was applied to the observations. Additionally, each observed participant was interviewed immediately following Internet use. Interview questions focused on a range of issues including the reasons why customers used the Internet in public libraries, customers’ perceptions about their level of information literacy and their feelings with regard to being information literate, the nature of their exposure to IL training, the benefits they derived from such training, and their desire for further training. Public service librarians and other staff were also interviewed in a similar manner. These questions sought to ascertain staff views on the role of the public library with regard to IL training; perceptions of the need for and expected outcomes of such training; as well as the current situation pertinent to the provision of IL skills training in their respective libraries in terms of staff competencies, resource allocation, and the forms of training and evaluation. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were interpreted via qualitative content analysis through the use of NVivo software. Main Results – Men were more frequent users of public library computers than women, outnumbering them by a ratio ranging from 2:1 to 3.4:1. Customers appeared to be mostly under the age of 30 and of diverse ethnicities. The average income of interviewed customers was less than the Canadian average. The site observations revealed that customers were seen using the Internet mainly for the purposes of communication (e.g., e-mail, instant messaging, online dating services). Such use was observed 78 times in four of the libraries. Entertainment accounted for 43 observations in all five sites and comprised activities such as online games, music videos, and movie listings. Twenty-eight observations involved business/financial uses (e.g., online shopping, exploration of investment sites, online banking). The use of search engines (25 observations), news information (23), foreign language and forum websites (21), and word processing were less frequently observed. Notably, there were only 20 observed library-specific uses (e.g., searching online catalogues, online database and library websites). Customers reported that they used the Internet mainly for general web searching and for e-mail. It was also observed that in general the physical environment was not conducive to computer use due to uncomfortable or absent seating and a lack of privacy. Additionally, only two sites had areas specifically designated for IL instruction. Of the 25 respondents, 19 reported at least five years experience with the Internet, 9 of whom cited experience of 10 years or more. Self-reported confidence with the Internet was high: 16 individuals claimed to be very confident, 7 somewhat confident, and only 2 lacking in confidence. There was a weak positive correlation between years of use and individuals’ reported levels of confidence. Customers reported interest in improving computer literacy (e.g., keyboarding ability) and IL skills (ability to use more sources of information). Some expressed a desire “to improve certain personal attitudes” (30), such as patience when conducting Internet searches. When presented with the Association of College and Research Libraries’ definition of IL, 13 (52%) of those interviewed claimed to be information literate, 8 were ambivalent, and 4 admitted to being information illiterate. Those who professed to be information literate had no particular feeling about this state of being, however 10 interviewees admitted feeling positive about being able to use the Internet to retrieve information. Most of those interviewed (15) disagreed that a paucity of IL skills is a deterrent to “accessing online information efficiently and effectively” (30). Eleven reported development of information skills through self teaching, while 8 cited secondary schools or tertiary educational institutions. However, such training was more in terms of computer technology education than IL. Eleven of the participants expressed a desire for additional IL training, 5 of whom indicated a preference for the public library to supply such training. Customers identified face-to-face, rather than online, as the ideal training format. Four interviewees identified time as the main barrier to Internet use and online access. As regards library staff, 22 (78.6%) of those interviewed posited IL training as an important role for public libraries. Many stated that customers had been asking for formal IL sessions with interest in training related to use of the catalogue, databases, and productivity software, as well as searching the web. Two roles were identified in the context of the public librarian as a provider of IL: “library staff as teachers/agents of empowerment and library staff as ‘public parents’” (32). The former was defined as supporting independent, lifelong learning through the provision of IL skills, and the latter encompassing assistance, guidance, problem solving, and filtering of unsuitable content. Staff identified challenges to IL training as societal challenges (e.g., need for customers to be able to evaluate information provided by the media, the public library’s role in reducing the digital divide), institutional (e.g., marketing of IL programs, staff constraints, lack of budget for IL training), infrastructural (e.g., limited space, poor Internet access in library buildings) and pedagogical challenges, such as differing views pertinent to the philosophy of IL, as well as the low levels of IL training to which Canadian students at all levels had been previously exposed. Despite these challenges library staff acknowledged positive outcomes resulting from IL training in terms of customers achieving a higher level of computer literacy, becoming more skillful at searching, and being able to use a variety of information sources. Affective benefits were also apparent such as increased independence and willingness to learn. Library staff also identified life expanding outcomes, such as the use of IL skills to procure employment. In contrast to customer self-perception, library staff expressed that customers’ IL skills were low, and that this resulted in their avoidance of “higher-level online research” and the inability to “determine appropriate information sources” (36). Several librarians highlighted customers’ incapacity to perform simple activities such as opening an email account. Library staff also alluded to customer’s reluctance to ask them for help. Libraries in the study offered a wide range of training. All provided informal, personalized training as needed. Formal IL sessions on searching the catalogue, online searching, and basic computer skills were conducted by the three bigger libraries. A mix of librarians and paraprofessional staff provided the training in these libraries. However, due to a lack of professional staff, the two smaller libraries offered periodic workshops facilitated by regional librarians. All the libraries lacked a defined training budget. Nonetheless, the largest urban library was well-positioned to offer IL training as it had a training coordinator, a training of trainers program, as well as technologically-equipped training spaces. The other libraries in this study provided no training of trainers programs and varied in terms of the adequacy of spaces allocated for the purpose of training. The libraries also varied in terms of the importance placed on the evaluation of IL training. At the largest library evaluation forms were used to improve training initiatives, while at the small town library “evaluations were done anecdotally” (38). Conclusion – While Internet access is available and utilized by a wide cross section of the population, IL skills are being developed informally and not through formal training offered by public libraries. Canadian public libraries need to work to improve information literacy skills by offering and promoting formal IL training programs.

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Edlund, Hannah. "An analysis of American public libraries’ policies on patron use of Internet pornography." Open Information Science 4, no. 1 (May 16, 2020): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opis-2020-0005.

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AbstractDrawing on and expanding previous graduate course research, this paper investigated and analyzed public libraries’ policies regarding patron use of legal, visual Internet pornography on public computers. Pornographic imagery that falls within legal boundaries is protected by the First Amendment. Incidents of, and library responses to, pornography viewing are not a new issue and have caused turmoil across the field of library and information science. In an attempt to understand the problem, the research question asks: how do public libraries respond to patrons viewing legal Internet pornography, while upholding First Amendment rights as well as the Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) and other legal requirements? Libraries tread a fine line to protect First Amendment rights, respect community laws, and uphold CIPA. Research indicated that responding to Internet pornography use in public libraries is heavily dependent on individual, community and library values. Policies are more likely to prohibit patrons from accessing Internet pornography, and most libraries have at least some Internet filtering software restricting what content may be accessed on public use computers. However, evidence also suggests that regardless of policy or filters, library staff will at some point encounter a patron accessing Internet pornography.

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Frederick, Donna Ellen. "Is it time for libraries to take a closer look at emoji? The data deluge column." Library Hi Tech News 35, no. 5 (July 2, 2018): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-04-2018-0022.

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Purpose The emoji, is it an endearing image to add to your text messages and email, or is it an increasingly important type of electronic data? According to a 2013 article by Jeff Blagdon, the idea of using some sort of symbol in electronic communication has been with us for about two decades. Japanese in origin, the earliest symbols of this type were developed in the era of pagers and old-style cell phones and were commonly called emoticons. Design/methodology/approach As devices developed a greater capacity to display graphical elements these keystroke representations were replaced with Unicode characters which display on our electronic devices, which we now call emoji. This instalment of the data deluge will look at the emoji as a form of data and explore how and why their ubiquity may create new opportunities for libraries. Findings Some readers, as well as the author of this column, may be tempted to scoff at the idea that the emoji is anything more than a form of shorthand for use in electronic communications or cutesy decorations. Originality/value One night she showed up at the class, and the instructor wrote on the board, “Computers in school libraries: A new tool or a flash in the pan?” He went on to warn school librarians to not be dazed by this “new computer phase” which he felt distracted both teachers and students from the real work of teaching and learning. He felt that if there were computers in schools, they only belonged in the mathematics classroom and that, even in that context, they only had limited application.

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Melin Nelson, Nancy. "OCLC Computing—A New Feature of Computers in Libraries Conferences." OCLC Micro 7, no. 6 (June 1991): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb055972.

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Tedd, Lucy A. "A report on the Computers in Libraries International 91 conference." Program 25, no. 3 (March 1991): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb047090.

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Dongarra, J. "Linear algebra libraries for high-performance computers: a personal perspective." IEEE Parallel & Distributed Technology: Systems & Applications 1, no. 1 (February 1993): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/88.219856.

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Dongarra, Jack J., and David W. Walker. "Software Libraries for Linear Algebra Computations on High Performance Computers." SIAM Review 37, no. 2 (June 1995): 151–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1037042.

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Fennewald, Joseph. "Computers in libraries '95, March 1, 1995: A brief report." Library Acquisitions: Practice & Theory 20, no. 1 (March 1996): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0364-6408(96)90007-1.

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Shandu, Lindiwe, Neil Evans, and Janneke Mostert. "CHALLENGES IN THE PROVISION OF SCHOOL LIBRARY SERVICES IN KATLEHONG SECONDARY SCHOOLS." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 32, no. 4 (September 29, 2016): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0027-2639/1649.

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This article reports on a study that investigated the issues and challenges in the provision of school libraries in secondary schools in Katlehong, Gauteng province, South Africa. A qualitative research method was used to conduct the study among 14 secondary schools in Katlehong. The target population included 14 teacher-librarians, 14 principals and one Gauteng Department of Education (GDE) official, who were interviewed. Additionally, 102 teachers participated in focus group discussions (FGDs). Convenience sampling was used to select the teachers, while purposive sampling was used to select all the other participants in the study. The study revealed that teachers are not using school libraries in Katlehong because they are unable to provide relevant information services due to a lack of space; out-dated and inadequate information collections; uncatalogued and poorly organised books; inaccessible opening hours; and a lack of funds and networked computers. Only 29 per cent of the schools had qualified teacher-librarians in their employ, while the 71 per cent unqualified â€˜teacher-librariansâ€™ indicated that they were managing the school libraries without the professional skills required to guide both teachers and learners in the use of library resources. The teacher-librarians were also burdened with additional teaching loads, which negatively affected the opening hours of the libraries. It was recommended, firstly, that a specific library period be allocated to each class to allow for library orientation; secondly, that sufficient funding be allocated to each school library to enable it to function optimally; and, thirdly, that library hours be regulated and qualified library staff be employed.

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., Samiksha Subba, and Subarna Kumar Das. "Evaluation of the Use of College Library Resources and Services by the Undergraduate Students in Darjeeling District of West Bengal." Indian Journal of Information Sources and Services 9, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ijiss.2019.9.2.633.

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The present study was conducted in 20 college libraries of Darjeeling district of West Bengal to analyze the use of library resources and services by student users. The survey research method using structured questionnaires was adopted for the collection of data from the users. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed randomly to the users, out of which 364 completely filled-in questionnaires were received back and included in the analysis. The findings reveal that majority of student users visit the college libraries on a regular basis mainly for the purpose of burrowing and returning library books. Most of the college libraries have easily accessible location, good layout, sufficient lighting & ventilation and neat & clean premises. The college libraries are mostly having the collection of text books but the collection of journals/magazines is found to be inadequate in many college libraries. It has been found that only few college libraries offer open access to all documents, electronic information resources, daily newspapers and syllabus & question papers to users. Most of the college libraries under study need to improve the services in regard to issuance of sufficient number of documents, adequate numbers of computers for users, provision of internet and photocopy services, exhibition of newly acquired documents, reference service and reading tables, chairs & space. The lack of internet in the library, short library hour, lack of user orientation/education and insufficient number of computers are found to be the major problems identified to affect the use of library.

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Sanjeev, Sanjeev. "Use of new technologies in libraries globally: a study." Library Hi Tech News 34, no. 9 (November 6, 2017): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-05-2017-0025.

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Purpose The present paper aims to explore the applications of new technologies in library scenario. Design/methodology/approach Survey method was used. Findings With the influx of information technology, libraries have engaged major deal of works on computers, which has nothing to do with the mission and objectives of the libraries. In such a situation, cloud computing has a lot on offer. Originality/value The present paper explores the core competencies of cloud-based computing and discusses about the cloud models-based futuristic libraries.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Computers in libraries'

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