Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comunidades Nativas'
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Otoya, Calle Johan. "Solución de conflictos en Comunidades nativas." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116146.
Full textGonzales, Gonzalez Samuel Alfredo, Rondón Johanna Leslie Maje, Gaitan Stefanie Sandy Cruz, and Ramírez Yessenia Denisse Rodríguez. "Cacao orgánico de las comunidades nativas Awajún." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5328.
Full textTesis
Tacusi-Oblitas, Zevallos Cecilia. "Yatsuju aátus atí - Hermano, que sea así : Programa de inversión forestal en el Perú 2011-2013. Un nuevo terreno para las demandas de organizaciones indígenas amazónicas." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8036.
Full textTesis
Quiroz, Corzo Taly Carolina. "Representaciones sociales del medioambiente en la comunidad nativa Yanesha de Tsachopen en la provincia de Oxapampa, Pasco, Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/14996.
Full textThis research is an important input for the field of study of social representations of the environment, specifically in indigenous cultures with as little studied knowledge as the native community Yanesha de Tsachopen, one of the most representative ethnic groups in the Pasco region, Peru. The method, which involved familiarization trips with the community, carried out a thematic analysis based on 10 in-depth interviews-a semi-structured guide-that were aimed at exploring their experiences and knowing the social representations they have about the environment. In the research developed it was found that the meaning of the environment is linked to the Yanesha identity and its community history. Likewise, the meaning given to the environment, according to the theory of social representations, serves to order the solutions proposed to the environmental difficulties that their environment currently poses. Finally, it was analyzed how the population is facing new scenarios for which it is generating innovative solutions to maintain its identity and preserve its environment.
Tesis
Gonzáles, Isabel. "Urbanizando Bajo Aldea. Implicancia del cambio de uso del suelo en comunidades nativas." Anthropía, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/77942.
Full textTorres, Wong Marcela. "Pluralismo legal en la provincia de Datem del Marañon : entre el discurso étnico y la práctica política." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2011. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1159.
Full textTesis
Peña, Jumpa Antonio. "Las Comunidades Campesinas y nativas en la Constitución Política del Perú: Un Análisis Exegético del Artículo 89º de la Constitución." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119105.
Full textOrdoñez, Rosales Paola Brunet. "El derecho a la educación intercultural bilingüe (EIB) de las comunidades nativas del Perú." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/4806.
Full textTesis
Ordoñez, Rosales Paola Brunet. "El derecho a la educación intercultural bilingüe (EIB) de las comunidades nativas del Perú." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/96573.
Full textCárdenas, Maldonado Lorena Ethel. "Los ríos y las comunidades amazónicas : análisis de la vulnerabilidad ante inundaciones de la comunidad Canayo, Chazuta - San Martín." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/6790.
Full textThis thesis aims to deepen the knowledge of the Amazonian communities in our country, especially the relationship they have with rivers and their perception of floods vulnerability. The case study attempts to analyze the vulnerability of the Quechua - lamista community Canayo, located in the district of Chazuta - San Martin, on the right bank of the Huallaga River. The methodology integrates technical knowledge with traditional knowledge of the population. On one hand, the technical work included the characterization of the territory, the spatialization and multi-temporal analysis of lateral migration of the Huallaga River and the gorge of Chipaota; and vulnerability and capacity analysis. On the other hand, cultural knowledge provides direct communication with the community through interviews and the development of a participatory workshop to learn the perception of the community in front of a flood. The methods developed in the workshop helped us to validate the information found in cabinet, value their capacities and know the close relationship of the community with the Huallaga River. Integrating both approaches we know that despite the community of Canayo lives constantly threatened by flooding, it is their experience, the traditional knowledge and their capabilities that allow you to have mechanisms to adapt to the natural dynamics of their territory and this contributes to reduce their vulnerability. Result that we had not come without the perception of the community.
Tesis
Cabello, Ali Andrea de Fátima. "Derecho a la Consulta Previa en el Perú: Alcances sobre si el otorgamiento de la concesión minera debe también estar sujeto al proceso de consulta previa cuando se encuentre bajo áreas de pueblos indígenas originarios a la luz del pronunciamiento de la Corte Superior de Justicia de Puno en el Caso Atuncolla." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19948.
Full textLinhares, Jairo Fernando Pereira [UNESP]. "Uso e conservação de plantas medicinais nativas por comunidades quilombolas no município de Alcântara, Maranhão." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/126618.
Full textO município de Alcântara-MA foi uma importante região agrícola na época colonial. Após o declínio da agricultura de exportação, foram constituídos os quilombos. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é o de resgatar o conhecimento dos quilombolas do município de Alcântara no Estado Maranhão, acerca das plantas medicinais, contribuindo para a conservação dos territórios quilombolas, para a garantia do saber local e uso sustentável da biodiversidade regional. Mais especificamente, busca-se: 1) Resgatar e sistematizar o conhecimento de comunidades quilombolas sobre as plantas medicinais. 2) Identificar botanicamente as plantas coletadas. 3) Identificar usos passados e atuais das plantas medicinais. 4) Gerar informações que contribuam para a implementação de futuros planos de manejo. 5) Avaliar as mudanças ambientais, culturais e sociais ocorridas. Das 55 espécies medicinais usadas na atualidade, 58% estão em fase de desuso. As plantas mais usadas na atualidade são Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel), Cecropia sp., Hymenaea courbaril L., Parahancornia sp. Croton urucurana Baill., Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão e Bauhinia glabra Jacq. As partes vegetais mais usadas foram: casca, com 34 (27,42%) e o látex, com 43 (35%), que juntas representam 62,42% das partes vegetais mais usadas. As matas secundárias são a principal tipologia de ocorrência das plantas medicinais, com histórico de uso agrícola variando de 15-30 anos de pousio, CAP médio de 29,27 cm, altura média de 7,6 m, 69,76% dos indivíduos é jovem, as árvores e palmeiras são os principais hábitos de crescimento com 65,41% e 26,86%, cada. Os tensores ambientais que mais comprometem os ecossistemas florestais na atualidade são o sistema de roça no toco, falta de aceiros na formação dos roçados, extração indiscriminada de madeira, produção de carvão, substituição de pastagem nativa por cultivada nas áreas de baixa ...
The municipality of Alcântara-MA was an important agricultural region in colonial times. After the decline of export agriculture, quilombos were recorded. The overall objective of the research is to rescue the knowledge of the Maroons in the municipality of Alcântara in Maranhão State, about medicinal plants, contributing to the conservation of quilombo territories, to guarantee the local knowledge and sustainable use of local biodiversity. Specifically, it seeks to: 1) Rescue and systematize knowledge of quilombo communities about medicinal plants. 2) Identify the botanically collected plants. 3) Identify past and current uses of medicinal plants. 4) Generate information to assist in the implementation of future management plans. 5) Assess the environmental, cultural and social changes. Of the 55 medicinal plants used at present, 58% are in disuse phase. The plants most commonly used today are Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel), Cecropia sp., Hymenaea L., Parahancornia sp. Croton urucurana Baill., Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão and Bauhinia glabra Jacq. The most plant parts were used: bark, 34 (27.42%) and latex, with 43 (35%), which together account for 62.42% of the plant parts used. Secondary forests are the main type of occurrence medicinal plants, with a history of agricultural use ranging from 15-30 years of fallow, medium CAP 29.27 cm, average height of 7.6 m, 69.76% of individuals is young trees and palm trees are the main growth habits with 65.41% and 26.86% each. Environmental tensioners that most compromise forest ecosystems today are the plantation system in play, lack of firebreaks in the formation of clearings, wood indiscriminate extraction, charcoal production, replacement of native pasture by cultivated in the areas of low and the consequent installment, practice of vandalism, variation in rainfall causing an increase in salinity in areas of shallow water during periods of ...
Linhares, Jairo Fernando Pereira 1966. "Uso e conservação de plantas medicinais nativas por comunidades quilombolas no município de Alcântara, Maranhão /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/126618.
Full textCoorientador: Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro
Banca: Filipe Pereira Giardini Bonfim
Banca: Fatima Chechetto
Banca: Horacio Antunes de Santana Junior
Banca: Walter Luis Muedas Yauri
Resumo: O município de Alcântara-MA foi uma importante região agrícola na época colonial. Após o declínio da agricultura de exportação, foram constituídos os quilombos. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é o de resgatar o conhecimento dos quilombolas do município de Alcântara no Estado Maranhão, acerca das plantas medicinais, contribuindo para a conservação dos territórios quilombolas, para a garantia do saber local e uso sustentável da biodiversidade regional. Mais especificamente, busca-se: 1) Resgatar e sistematizar o conhecimento de comunidades quilombolas sobre as plantas medicinais. 2) Identificar botanicamente as plantas coletadas. 3) Identificar usos passados e atuais das plantas medicinais. 4) Gerar informações que contribuam para a implementação de futuros planos de manejo. 5) Avaliar as mudanças ambientais, culturais e sociais ocorridas. Das 55 espécies medicinais usadas na atualidade, 58% estão em fase de desuso. As plantas mais usadas na atualidade são Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel), Cecropia sp., Hymenaea courbaril L., Parahancornia sp. Croton urucurana Baill., Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão e Bauhinia glabra Jacq. As partes vegetais mais usadas foram: casca, com 34 (27,42%) e o látex, com 43 (35%), que juntas representam 62,42% das partes vegetais mais usadas. As matas secundárias são a principal tipologia de ocorrência das plantas medicinais, com histórico de uso agrícola variando de 15-30 anos de pousio, CAP médio de 29,27 cm, altura média de 7,6 m, 69,76% dos indivíduos é jovem, as árvores e palmeiras são os principais hábitos de crescimento com 65,41% e 26,86%, cada. Os tensores ambientais que mais comprometem os ecossistemas florestais na atualidade são o sistema de roça no toco, falta de aceiros na formação dos roçados, extração indiscriminada de madeira, produção de carvão, substituição de pastagem nativa por cultivada nas áreas de baixa ...
Abstract: The municipality of Alcântara-MA was an important agricultural region in colonial times. After the decline of export agriculture, quilombos were recorded. The overall objective of the research is to rescue the knowledge of the Maroons in the municipality of Alcântara in Maranhão State, about medicinal plants, contributing to the conservation of quilombo territories, to guarantee the local knowledge and sustainable use of local biodiversity. Specifically, it seeks to: 1) Rescue and systematize knowledge of quilombo communities about medicinal plants. 2) Identify the botanically collected plants. 3) Identify past and current uses of medicinal plants. 4) Generate information to assist in the implementation of future management plans. 5) Assess the environmental, cultural and social changes. Of the 55 medicinal plants used at present, 58% are in disuse phase. The plants most commonly used today are Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel), Cecropia sp., Hymenaea L., Parahancornia sp. Croton urucurana Baill., Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão and Bauhinia glabra Jacq. The most plant parts were used: bark, 34 (27.42%) and latex, with 43 (35%), which together account for 62.42% of the plant parts used. Secondary forests are the main type of occurrence medicinal plants, with a history of agricultural use ranging from 15-30 years of fallow, medium CAP 29.27 cm, average height of 7.6 m, 69.76% of individuals is young trees and palm trees are the main growth habits with 65.41% and 26.86% each. Environmental tensioners that most compromise forest ecosystems today are the plantation system in play, lack of firebreaks in the formation of clearings, wood indiscriminate extraction, charcoal production, replacement of native pasture by cultivated in the areas of low and the consequent installment, practice of vandalism, variation in rainfall causing an increase in salinity in areas of shallow water during periods of ...
Doutor
Rivas, Valcárcel Yenny Elizabeth. "El Reconocimiento del derecho de propiedad indígena en las comunidades nativas para la titulación de tierras." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13690.
Full textTrabajo académico
Camarena, Jesús Isabel Yuliana, and Gonzales Fernando Hugo Coral. "Diagnóstico de los componentes del sistema de gestión turística en comunidades receptoras andinas. Caso: Provincia de Chupaca, Valle del Mantaro, Región Junín." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8454.
Full textTesis
Marçal, Lorena Nacif, and 92-98252-9665. "Comunidades bacterianas associadas a colônias de abelhas amazônicas sem ferrão da espécie Melipona seminigra: diversidade e potencial enzimático." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2017. https://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6309.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Bees, as other social insects, present complex symbiotic interactions with microorganisms, ranging from the individual level (bee) to the different microenvironments of the nest/ colony. These relationships can directly affect the nutritional potential and immunity of bees as well as influence productive processes within the colony, such as food storage and production. Considering that: i) there are few studies on the microbiota of wild bees, in constrast with the available literature of exotic bees Apis mellifera; ii) the knowledge about the symbiotic microorganisms contribute to the understanding of the ecological relationship that guarantee the colony homeostasis and it also provides tools for the prospection of products of biotechnological interest; iii) the fermentative production of bee pollen, the main food of the colony, is a little known process regardless its fundamental importance to the social colonies development; the objective of this work was to elucidate the bacterial communities associated with the bee gut and food supplies based on pollen of the Amazonian bee Melipona seminigra, with the purpose of knowing better the microorganisms associated to this bee and the process of storage and preservation of the bee pollen in the colony, glimpsing biotechnological applications. The experiments were carried out in three phases, starting with the description of the bacterial microbiota present in the pollen supply of Melipona seminigra bee, using independent culture methods (direct sequencing of microbial DNA samples) and culture-dependent methods ( Bacterial culture). Bacterial isolates obtained by pollen and larval food cultivation were evaluated for their hydrolytic enzyme production. Finally, the study of the Melipona seminigra gut microbiota was carried out based on cloning and sequencing of the 16SrRNA gene. It was identified 26 bacterial genera associated to pollen provisions of Melipona seminigra, many of which are of environmental in origin and related to natural and / or industrial fermentation processes. Changes in the bacterial composition of pollen from its collection until maturation suggest that the production of this food is mediated by a microbial succession process. Most of the bacteria isolated from pollen produce lipases, amylases, proteases and cellulases with high enzymatic indexes, indicating the potential of them for the bioprospection of enzymes of industrial interest. Regarding to the gut microbiota it was demonstrated that the bacterial populations colonize differentially the morphofunctional parts of gut, being the greater diversity of bacteria found in the middle and posterior intestines. This work resulted in unprecedented data on M. seminigra microbiota, which largely contribute to a better understanding of the complex and fascinating symbiotic relationships between social bees and microorganisms.
As abelhas, assim como outros insetos sociais, apresentam complexas interações simbióticas com microrganismos, que vão desde o nível do indivíduo (abelha) até os diferentes microambientes do ninho/colônia. Estas relações afetam diretamente a imunidade e o potencial nutricional das abelhas bem como influenciam processos produtivos dentro da colônia, como a produção e armazenamento de alimentos. Considerando que: i) são escassos os estudos sobre a microbiota de abelhas silvestres, sendo grande parte da literatura voltada para as abelhas exóticas Apis mellifera; ii) o conhecimento dos microrganismos simbióticos contribue para o entendimento das relações ecológicas que garantem a homeostase da colônia bem como fornece ferramentas para a prospecção de produtos de interesse biotecnológico; iii) a produção fermentativa do pólen, principal alimento da colônia, é um processo pouco conhecido embora fundamental para o desenvolvimento das colônias de abelhas sociais; o objetivo deste trabalho foi elucidar as comunidades bacterianas associadas às provisões alimentares à base de pólen da abelha amazônica Melipona seminigra e ao seu intestino, com a finalidade de se conhecer melhor os microrganismos associados à esta abelha e ao armazenamento e preservação do pólen na colônia, vislumbrando aplicações biotecnológicas. Os experimentos deste trabalho foram realizados em três fases, iniciando-se com a descrição da microbiota bacteriana presente em potes e células de alimento da abelha Melipona seminigra, por meio de métodos independentes de cultivo (sequenciamento direto de DNA microbiano das amostras) e métodos dependentes de cultivo (cultivo bacteriano). Os isolados bacterianos obtidos pelo cultivo do pólen e alimento larval foram avaliados quanto ao seu potencial de produção de enzimas hidrolíticas e, por fim, realizou-se o estudo da microbiota bacteriana intestinal, a partir da clonagem gênica e sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA. Foram identificados 26 gêneros bacterianos associados às provisões polínicas de Melipona seminigra, muitos dos quais são de origem ambiental e relacionados com processos fermentativos naturais e/ou industriais. Mudanças na composição bacteriana do pólen, desde a sua coleta até sua maturação sugerem que a produção deste alimento é mediada por um processo de sucessão microbiana. Grande parte das bactérias isoladas do pólen produz lipases, amilases, proteases e celulases com altos índices enzimáticos, indicando o potencial dessas bactérias para a bioprospecção de enzimas de interesse industrial. Em relação à microbiota intestinal, demonstrou-se que as populações bacterianas colonizam diferencialmente as partes morfofuncionais do intestino, sendo a maior diversidade de bactérias encontradas nos intestinos médios e posteriores. Este trabalho resultou em dados inéditos acerca da microbiota associada a abelhas M. seminigra, que contribuem para o melhor entendimento das complexas e fascinantes relações simbióticas entre abelhas sociais e microrganismos.
Schievenin, Dimitrio Fernandes 1989. "Regeneração natural sob talhões puros de espécies nativas com diferentes atributos funcionais /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138942.
Full textBanca: Antonio Carlos Galvão de Melo
Banca: Giselda Durigan
Resumo: A facilitação e a inibição da regeneração natural por plantações florestais já foram demonstradas em regiões tropicais. Os mecanismos de facilitação e a influência das espécies plantadas na trajetória do sistema em regeneração, no entanto, ainda não estão completamente elucidados. Objetivou-se neste estudo investigar se, a partir das características funcionais das espécies do dossel, há diferenças nos processos de colonização do sub-bosque. O estudo foi realizado na região central do Estado de São Paulo, no município de Botucatu. Foram comparadas quatro espécies arbóreas plantadas há cerca de 80 anos como sombreadoras de cafezais: Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul (fixadora de nitrogênio); Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze. (não fixadora); Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr. (fixadora); Hymenaea courbaril L. (não fixadora). Todos os indivíduos arbustivo-arbóreos maiores que 0,5 m de altura foram medidos e identificados, em 25 parcelas de 10 x 10 m em cada talhão. O Índice de Área Foliar (IAF) de cada parcela foi determinado ao final da estação chuvosa (março) e ao final da estação seca (Setembro), de modo a detectar diferenças no padrão de sombreamento das áreas. No início da estação seca, foi coletada a serapilheira depositada no piso florestal com auxílio de um gabarito, de modo a verificar sua massa seca e sua influência na densidade e riqueza da regeneração natural. Levantamentos microclimáticos foram feitos durante um semes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Facilitation and inhibition of natural regeneration through forest plantations have been demonstrated in tropical regions. However, the facilitation mechanisms and its influence on succession trajectory are no so clear. We aimed at investigating whether there were differences amongst colonization processes of the understory, based on functional characteristics of the canopy species. The study site was located in central São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil. We compared four abandoned forest stands that were used as shaded coffee plantations around 80 years ago: 1) Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul (nitrogen-fixing); 2) Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze. (non-fixing); 3) Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) Macbr. (nitrogen-fixing); and 4) Hymenaea courbaril L. (non-fixing). All understory individuals above 0.5 m tall were measured and identified at the species level, in 25 plots of 10 x 10 m in each stand. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was determined inside each plot at the end of the rainy season (March) and at the end of the dry season (September), in order to detect differences in shading pattern among the areas. Ground litterfall was collected in each plot using a 0.25 m² template, in order to assess the dry weight and its influence on natural regeneration. Microclimate data were also collected during six months, to check for differences among stands. The results show high rates of self-recruiting on A. colubrina var. cebil and P. gonoacantha st... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Caballero, Herrera Pierina Guissella, and Villanueva Carmen Esther Lara. "Ampliación de capacidades para el desarrollo endógeno desde la escuela en comunidades indígenas de la selva del Perú." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2007. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1289.
Full textTesis
Tintaya, Orihuela Meir Álvaro. "Empoderamiento psicológico en la Comunidad Shipibo-Konibo de Cantagallo y sus relaciones con el sentido de comunidad y el bienestar." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8723.
Full textIn recent decades, an emerging context of social vulnerability and subtle elements of social organization has arisen among Amazonian groups of migrants in Lima, Peru. The present study seeks to analyze the relationships among psychological empowerment, sense of community, and social, psychological and subjective aspects of wellbeing in a Shipibo- Konibo community. According to data of 63 members of community, correlations, multiples regressions and path analysis were made to clarify their relationships. Results suggested that psychological empowerment significantly affects psychological wellbeing and satisfaction with life. Meanwhile the impact of sense of community on satisfaction with life was mediated by level of community identification. Further, there are significant differences whether participants are male or have local-organization membership. Implications and utility of results were discussed in relation to empowerment theory, identities aspects, and individual and collective needs of community members.
Tesis
Vinatea, Artola Andrea Geraldine. "Propuestas para mejorar las medidas de vigilancia, prevención y control frente a la enfermedad del COVID-19 en la actividad forestal aplicable al aprovechamiento forestal maderable de alto impacto de las comunidades nativas en la región de Loreto." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19182.
Full textTrabajo académico
Luján, Berger Samuel Ivan. "Una aproximación al cambio en el uso de los recursos y las actividades económicas : la pesquería y la ganadería en la Comunidad Nativa "Loma Linda" del distrito de Palcazu-Pasco." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/10275.
Full textTesis
Villalba, Díaz Josefa Doris. "Factores de éxito del proyecto de desarrollo de productos artesanales competitivos que, a través del fortalecimiento de capacidades, promovieron el empoderamiento de la mujer artesana Shipibo Konibo. El caso del asentamiento urbano Cantagallo, distrito del Rímac, Lima." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19670.
Full textPizarro, Estrella Jocelyn Milagros. "Aspectos negativos de la Ley N° 29785 - Derecho a la consulta previa para el sector empresarial." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624095.
Full textElaborates on the right to prior consultation and the activity of the corporate sector, analyzing the right to prior consulation in conformity with OIT Convention N° 169 and how the implementation of such convention in our country through Law N°29785 and the Regulations of the law in question have had unfavorable results for the economic activity dedicated to the exploitation of natural resources located in territories occupied by Native or Indigenous Peoples, in which case the thesis will show the negative aspects of Law 29785 and its Regulations in the Corporate Sector. In the same manner, this thesis identifies the benefits of the activities carried out by the corporate sector in our country, which is why and appropriate solution that allows the continuity of works that boost the country’s economy needs to be proposed without this affecting the exercise of rights of the Native or Indegenous Peoples, nor much less that one of the civil society. This thesis proposes that the Law and Regulation can be modified in such manner that it can become a legitimate tool that reflects the reality of our society and the drive it possesses to keep growing.
Tesis
Palomares, De los Santos Aurelio Benjamín. "Mecanismo de regulación de compensaciones a comunidades nativas y campesinas basados en la valoración económica de impactos socio-ambientales." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5904.
Full textTesis
Vera, Vásquez Carlos Andrés. "Burócratas de la Calle y brechas de implementación. El servicio itinerante de identificación a las comunidades nativas de Loreto." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9908.
Full textThe identification and documentation service provided to the native communities of the Peruvian Amazon has incorporated the mobile offer in the last ten years as a strategy to facilitate the access of these citizens to their identity document. Due to de differences between the design and the implementation of this service, street bureaucrats (registrars) are challenged to develop various strategies to achieve the purpose of this policy. The intention of this research is to understand the contribution of the strategies developed by the itinerant registrars to guarantee the right to identity of the members of the native communities of Loreto during 2015-2016. Based on a qualitative “backward mapping”, a gap between the design and implementation of the policy is identified. This gap limits the possibility of recovering the strategies developed by street bureaucrats that own great discretionary powers. For example, the informal networks of strategic alliances to make this service effective, the cultural relevance for the relationship with the citizenship, as well as the management of the operational problems that arise in the field. In this way, it is explained that the level of influence they exert on the citizenship is vital for the implementation of the policy, often assuming a role of fixers, willing to intervene where a mishap occurs that may affect the results and meaning that are pursued, thus devolving a management typology according to the faced problems. The value of the strategies implemented by street bureaucrats makes possible to highlight the need to correct flaws that become evident in the implementation process, particularly when it is applied in cultural diverse contexts.
Tesis
Nunes, Gisele Lopes. "Diversidade e estrutura de comunidades bacterianas na filosfera e suas relações com a espécie vegetal e compostos orgânicos voláteis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11138/tde-17032011-103542/.
Full textThe phyllosphere has been considered an extreme environment to microorganisms for many years. Recent studies involving bacterial communities on plant surfaces has shown that they comprise an abundant and dynamic variety, mainly in natural environments, such as the Atlantic Forest. The comparison of bacterial communities from plants in natural environments with those of agricultural systems is extremely important, since forests contain an enormous plant diversity which is being replaced daily by agricultural cultivation. Environmental factors such as UV radiation, organic compounds released by plants in response to protection, osmotic pressure, and nutrient availability can either induce or suppress the colonization of bacteria in the phyllosphere of plants. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the variability in phyllospheric bacterial communities of native plants (Trichilia clausenii, Trichilia catigua and Campomanesia xanthocarpa) and crops (soybean, sugar cane and eucalyptus) located in geographically distinct regions, using 16S rRNA gene sequences from clone libraries, the influence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by each plant, the different levels of solar radiation, and seasonality in the selection of bacterial communities in the phyllosphere of Trichilia clausenii using 16S rRNA gene sequences from cDNA clone libraries and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences from clone libraries of plants from natural environments confirmed that each plant species has its own community of bacteria, where the diversity of OTUs in the phyllosphere of C. xanthocarpa and T. clusenii was greater than that of cultivated plants. The phylum Proteobacteria was predominant in the phyllosphere of both cultivated and native plants, where Alphaproteobacteria was dominant in phyllospheres of soybean and sugar cane and Gamaproteobacteria was harbored on the three trees of the Atlantic Forest. These results suggest that the phyllosphere of cultivated plants can select for specific groups of bacteria that are not found in the phyllosphere of tree species in the Atlantic Forest, and vice versa, where the conversion of forests to agriculture may lead to a reduction of bacterial beta diversity. The results of the phylogenetic affiliation between the phyllospheres of Tichilia clausenii, subjected to different intensities of UV radiation, also showed a predominance of clones associated with Proteobacteria in the evaluated clone libraries. The light factor, which was evaluated during the same period, showed no effect on the bacterial community, however, seasonal effects were quite evident, showing a higher diversity and species richness during the rainy season. This data suggests that epiphytic bacteria are equipped with a high degree of adaptation to different environmental conditions that they are exposed to.
Garra, Simone. "Les sorciers condamnés : chamanisme et mutation dans le monde awajún (Amazonas, Pérou)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100155.
Full textSince the 1960s we have witnessed an internal process of marginalization of shamans (iwishin) as a consequence of a reorganization of the Awajun people due to the presence of missionaries’ schools and the foundation of native communities (comunidades nativas). Since the presence of the iwishin has created intra and intercommunal conflicts, most of them are killed or forced to leave their communities. Nevertheless, accusations of witchcraft in the villages persist. Political rivalry, competition for economic resources, inequality caused by trade, and factional hostility stirred up by the various religious orders all add to the tensions caused by the violation of marriage laws. These conflicts often lead neighbors to accuse each other of witchcraft. In fact, only the permanent banishment of the supposed shaman can ease the internal tension in the community at least temporarily. The city seems to be the only refuge for the “condemned witches”. For this reason, Santa Maria de Nieva, the capital of the province of Condorcanqui, has been progressively “invaded” by tens of Awajuns who can no longer live in their communities. On the other hand, the constant interaction between native
Arias, Loaiza Geraldine. "Patrones de lexicalización en eventos de movimiento en la lengua kakataibo (Pano, Perú)." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/15708.
Full textTesis
Castillo, Tafur Mary Cynthia del. "Ideas de progreso en los trabajadores asalariados indígenas : el caso de los machiguengas y el Proyecto del Gas de Camisea." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/4444.
Full textTesis
Conde, Bruno Esteves. "Conhecimento ecológico local e sua interferência na conservação da biodiversidade botânica para três comunidades quilombolas residentes em contexto de floresta atlântica." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2181.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O conhecimento ecológico tradicional de comunidades como as Quilombolas, traz considerações sobre o estado de conservação das espécies locais. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento ecológico tradicional quanto a sustentabilidade de flora nas comunidades Quilombolas de São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV), São Bento (SB) e Colônia do Paiol (CP), para subisidiar posterior plano de manejo. Utilizou-se: aproximação aos membros da comunidade; coleta de dados etnobotânicos para quaisquer usos; coleta de dados fitossociológicos nas florestas locais; análises quantitatívas com a aplicação de índices para avaliar a importância das espécies nativas para a cultura local e seus estados de conservação. Através de 21 especialistas locais, sendo 7 em SSBV, 6 em SB e 8 em CP, obteve-se uma lista de 212 espécies em SSBV (105 espécies nativas), 221 em SB (96 espécies nativas) e 154 espécies em CP (53 espécies nativas). Para os índices que avaliaram a importância da espécies, destacaram para SSBV, Dalbergia hortensis Heringer & al. (26 / 2.14) e para SB: Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F.Macbr. (3,32 / 1). Com base na prioridade máxima de conservação, SSBV apresentou 33 espécies e SB 32, já em CP não se foi possível acessar as florestas. Quando se relacionou os índices utilizados, verificou-se que não existe correlação entre a importância cultural das espécies botânicas e suas conservações. Em CP, o acesso às florestas locais é atualmente proíbido pelos fazendeiros locais que tomaram posse de tais áreas. A floresta de SSBV é predominantemente composta por espécies pioneiras e em SB de espécies secundárias iniciais. Concluiu-se que as comunidades em questão detêm grande conhecimento sobre o uso das floras locais, entretanto, há a necessidade de se implementar estratégias para a recomposição florestal, além da produção de plano de manejo sustentável que priorize a preservação de determinadas espécies locais. A diminuíção dos espaços florestais, chama a atenção para a demarcação imediata das terras Quilombolas visando não somente a manutenção da cultura local, como também a consequente conservação da biodiversidade de flora à partir de plano de manejo dos recursos naturais utilizados.
The traditional ecological knowledge communities as the Quilombolas, brings considerations about the state of conservation of local species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the traditional ecological knowledge as the botany sustainability in the Quilombolas communities: São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV), São Bento (SB) and Colônia do Paiol (CP), for further subsidize plan management. We used: approach to community members; ethnobotanical data collection for all purposes; phytosociological data collection in forests; Quantitative analysis with the use of indexes to assess the importance of native species for the local culture and its preservation. Through 21 local experts: 7 of SSBV, 6 in SB and 8 CP; we obtained a list of 212 species SSBV (105 native species), 221 SB (96 native species) and 154 species CP (53 native species). For indexes that evaluated the importance of the species highlighted for SSBV, Dalbergia hortensis Heringer & al. (26 / 2.14) and SB: Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F.Macbr. (3.32 / 1). Based on the maximum conservation priority, SSBV presented 33 species and SB 32, as in CP not be accessed forests. When correlation indexes used, it was found that there is no correlation between the cultural importance of botanical species and their conservations. In CP, access to local forests is currently prohibited by local farmers took possession of such areas. The SSBV forest is predominantly composed of pioneer species and SB of early secondary species. It was concluded that the communities in question hold great knowledge about the use of local botany species; however, there is the need to implement strategies for reforestation, as well as sustainable management of production plan that prioritizes the preservation of certain local species. The reduction of forest areas draws attention to the immediate demarcation of Quilombo lands seeking not only to maintain the local culture, as well as the consequent conservation of flora biodiversity from natural resource management plan used.
Carneiro, Paulo Henrique Marostegan e. "Caracterização florística, estrutural e da dinâmica da regeneração de espécies nativas em um povoamento comercial de Eucalyptus grandis em Itatinga, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11142/tde-22082002-152108/.
Full textThe objectives of this study were to analyze a floristic composition, the structure, some aspects of the dynamics of regeneration of native species in understory of commercial stands of Eucalyptus spp and to study the impact that some silvicultural practices (thinning and clear cut) have on regeneration. For this purpose, 17 samples (0.68 ha total sample area) were located in a stand of Eucalyptus grandis (Stand 48), on the São José do Bromado Farm, geographical coordinates 23°1330S and 48°3407W, municipal of Itatinga, Sao Paulo. In the evaluation of the composition and structure of the regeneration, done 30 months after the clear cut of the first rotation of Eucalyptus grandis, all of the individual trees up to 1.5m of height were tagged and identified. The study of the temporal evolution of regeneration was done in 2 evaluations, 30 and 45 months after the clear cut of the stand. The same method of analysis was used, being that the individual trees measured previously and not found in the second evaluation were considered dead. After the second evaluation the samples were divided into three treatments: Treatment 1- control (sample area of 0.2ha), of which the trees were maintained, Treatment 2 (sample area of 0.24ha), of which 50% thinning was done, and Treatment 3 (sample area of 0.24ha), of which clear cut was done. After the implementation of the treatments (46 months after the exploration), two evaluations were accomplished. The first at 54 months and the second at 61 months, after the exploration of the first rotation of the stand. One thousand nine hundred trees (104 species and 38 families) were sampled in the first evaluation. The largest floristic family verified was Myrtaceae followed by Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Solanaceae, the family which presented the largest density of individuals. Whereas the species with the greatest relative density were Solanum variabile and Matayba elaeagnoides. Among the individual samples, 76.66% were of the families that present a pattern of aggregate spatial distribution. In evaluating the dynamics of regeneration, it was found that the recruitment of new individuals in understory of eucalyptus during the period of 30-45 months after the commercial exploration was focused on the groups of initial secondary species, late secondary and typical species of understory. The mortality was concentrated in the group of pioneer species and non-classified species, respectively. The index period to the Shannon diversity (H), presented growth of 3.48 to 3.573, and eqüability (J), growth of 0.751 to 0.762, showing to have gained in relation to the diversity of species of the area. The study of the impact that different silvicultural practices have on regeneration, treatment 1- presented the least incidence of mortality and the greatest incidence of species during the analysis period. The practices of thinning and clear cut caused a great impact on treatments 2 and 3, improving the incidence of mortality and decreasing the incidence of new individuals of regeneration. Treatment 2 was the only one to present gains in diversity (H) in all of the evaluations.
Moore, Torres Rosa Karol, and Mendoza César Hernán Norabuena. "Propuesta de normalización de proveedores de hilatura de fibra de alpaca de alta finura semindustrial en comunidades nativas alto andinas." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2478.
Full textLescano, Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques. "Efeito de diferentes comunidades de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares no crescimento de plantas nativas pertencentes aos diferentes grupos ecológicos da sucessão." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, 2010. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000157856.
Full textThe aim of this work was to evaluate the response of nine plant species belonging to different ecological successional groups to communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) from different plant successional stages. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse with three gramineous species, three pioneer woody species, and three late successional woody species, which represent different ecological successional groups. Plants were grown in either sterilized or natural soil obtained from four sites representing different phases of the plant succession. Root colonization, plant response (responsiveness), root:shoot ratio, root morphological traits, concentration and contents of nutrients in shoots were analyzed after a growth period of 90 to 180 days, depending on the plant species. The gramineous and pioneer species had greater mycorrhizal root colonization and responsiveness, more root total and specific length, greater incidence and length root hair, and smaller root diameter than the late successional species. The mycorrhizal status resulted in strong growth depression in the gramineous species. Moreover, mycorrhiza altered the concentration and content of nutrients in the shoots of gramineous, pioneer woody trees, and L. muehlbergianus. On the other hand, the mycorrhizal status influenced on both concentration and contents of nutrients in the late successional woody species was much less pronounced than observed for gramineous and pioneer woody species.
Ramírez, Argandoña Hermelinda. "Factores que contribuyen en el desarrollo local de las comunidades Asháninkas del distrito de Río Tambo – Satipo, Región Junín. Caso: Programa de Desarrollo Alternativo en Satipo – DAS : proyectos de revaloración y fortalecimiento de capacidades en el cultivo de cacao bajo sistemas agroforestales durante 2014 – 2016." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9681.
Full textThis thesis describes factors that contribute at local development at ashaninkas communities of Rio Tambo district by cocoa growing valuing around Alternative Development Program in Satipo province (DAS) of Junin Region under social economics development guidance to empower licit production, held by local organizations and native communities including most vulnerable groups at poverty and extreme poverty by service, technology of production, transformation and property trading projects. The main objective of this research is to know factors that promote local development at ashaninkas communities of Rio Tambo district under principles of DAS Program in Satipo revaluing cocoa growing with agriculture projects and empowerment of skills at cocoa growing under agro-forest systems during 2014 – 2016 to analyze productive skills, commercial business skills and ways of living changes of cocoa native producers to propose improving measures to empowerment program implementation.
Tesis
Moreno, Baquedano Juan Carlos. "Limitaciones al derecho de propiedad de Comunidades Campesinas y Nativas en los procesos de formalización de la propiedad en el Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/18979.
Full textTrabajo académico
Pinto, Paula Cristina Rodrigues. "Consumo alimentar de frutos do cerrado, fontes de vitamina A, por moradoras de comunidades das cidades satélites do Distrito Federal." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/1977.
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INTRODUÇÃO - Com base na relevância do estudo sobre frutos do Cerrado como fontes de vitamina A,o trabalho visa uma descrição do consumo alimentar desses frutos, as formas de utilizá-los como fonte alimentar, o acesso a eles e possíveis motivos culturais que impeçam seu consumo por mulheres que participaram de cursos de artesanato oferecidos em Cidades Satélites do Distrito Federal. MÉTODOS - Esta é uma análise descritiva do consumo alimentar das frutas do Cerrado pelas participantes de cursos de artesanato realizados pelo SEBRAE-DF. Foi realizado um estudo piloto para aperfeiçoar os questionários. Utilizou-se um (N = 100) questionário auto-aplicativo sobre assuntos interligados ao tema, para verificar os hábitos alimentares das pesquisadas sobre o consumo desses frutos. RESULTADOS - Dentre os frutos do Cerrado verifica-se que os mais conhecidos em ordem decrescente, são: pequi (85%), ceriguela (78%), buriti e caju (70% cada), jatobá (62%). Por outro lado, os mais desconhecidos são: perinha (94%), mama-cadela (82%), gravatá (79%) e lobeira (76%). Quanto aos motivos que levam ao consumo dos frutos do Cerrado, 61% das participantes informaram que os consomem por gostar; 13% porque fazem bem à saúde, 13% não responderam e, as restantes, pelos dois primeiros motivos. Com relação ao acesso aos frutos do Cerrado, 55% das mulheres os compram em feiras, 24% ganham, 17% adquirem de ambulantes e, apenas 4% informaram que os plantam. Em relação ao modo de consumo, 40% consomem esses frutos ao natural, 14% em forma de sucos e ao natural, 10% apenas como sucos; outras opções de consumo tiveram menor número; só 2% escolheram a opção “em forma de receita salgada”. Apenas 31% das pesquisadas sabem a importância do consumo alimentar dos frutos do Cerrado como fontes de vitamina A. Apesar de parcela considerável (36%) não saberem se sua alimentação é, nutricionalmente, correta para se manter a saúde, há muitas participantes (55%) que se preocupam em saber sobre “Alimentação e Saúde”, informando ser a mídia o recurso mais utilizado para obter informações sobre o assunto. CONCLUSÃO - Os resultados sugerem que o consumo de frutos do Cerrado ainda é muito pequeno por essa população, talvez por fatores sócio-econômicos-culturais. Os dados são sugestivos e indicativos da falta de conhecimento sobre o aproveitamento dos frutos do Cerrado, especialmente daqueles fontes de vitamina A. Isso mostra a necessidade da Educação Nutricional para a população dos Cerrados brasileiros, ensinando-a a conhecer e a aproveitar o potencial nutritivo desses frutos, convertendo os novos conhecimentos em hábitos alimentares saudáveis. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION - On the basis of the relevance of the study on fruits of the Cerrado as vitamin A, the work aims at a description of the alimentary consumption of these fruits, the forms to use them as alimentary A, the access they and possible cultural reasons that hinder its consumption for, women who had participated of courses of Handicraft offered in Cities Satellites of the Federal District. METHODS - This is a descriptive analysis of the alimentary consumption of the fruits of the Cerrado for the participants of courses of Handicraft carried through by the SEBRAE-DF. A study was carried through pilot to perfect the (N = 100) questionnaires. A auto-applicatory questionnaire was used on linked subjects to the subject, to verify the alimentary habits of the searched ones on the consumption of these fruits. RESULTS - Amongst the fruits of the Cerrado it is verified that the most known in sequence decreasing, they are: pequi (85%), ceriguela (78%), buriti and caju (70% each), jatobá (62%). On the other hand, most unknown they are: perinha (94%), mama- cadela (82%), gravatá (79%) and lobeira (76%). How much to the reasons that lead to the consumption of the fruits of the Cerrado, 61% of the participants had informed that they consume them for liking; 13% because they make well to the health, 13% had not answered e, the remains, for the two first reasons. With regard to the access to the fruits of the Cerrado, 55% of the women buy them in fairs, 24% earn, 17% acquire of ambulant e, only 4% had informed that they plant them. In relation to the consumption way, 40% consume these fruits to the natural one, 14% in form of juices and to the natural one, only 10% as juices; other options of consumption had had minor number; 2% had only chosen the option “in salty prescription form”. But 31% of the searched ones know the importance of the alimentary consumption of the fruits of the Cerrado as vitamin sources. Although it parcels out considerable (36%) not to know if its feeding is, nutrition, correct to remain the health, it has many participants (55%) that they are worried in knowing on “Feeding and Health”, informing to be the media the resource more used to get information on the subject. CONCLUSION - The results suggest that the consumption of fruits of the Cerrado still is very small for this population, perhaps for partner-economic-cultural factors. The data are suggestive and indicative of the knowledge lack on the exploitation of the fruits of the Cerrado, especially of those vitamin sources. This sample the necessity of the Nutricional Education for the Brazilian population of the Cerrado, teaching them to know it and to use to advantage the nutritional potential of these fruits, converting the new knowledge into healthful alimentary habits.
Castro, Vergara René Isaías. "Discriminación vs. exclusión : análisis de la brecha de ingresos por áreas geográficas entre la población indígena y no indígena." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2009. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1407.
Full textTesis
Pasache, Pérez Martín. "Centro de Innovación Tecnológico (Textiles y Cerámicas) en la Selva de Ucayali." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/550113.
Full textTesis
Bertoncello, Ricardo. "Restauração ecológica e processos estruturadores de comunidades vegetais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-28092016-102207/.
Full textInterspecific interactions are considered to be important structuring forces in early successional vegetation. Whereas competition seems to prevail in less severe environments, facilitation tends to increase in importance in harsh environments. Hence, facilitation is expected to play an important role in degraded tropical areas with high irradiance, heat loads, and evapotranspiration, where conditions are far from optimum for most forest species. Moreover, in order to understand complex structuring process of high diverse tropical forests, ecologists have realized the need for simplification. A promising way to do that is through the use of functional traits, which can be measured for any species and compared in different systems and different locations around the world. However, in these conditions, little is known about the role of species interaction on the relation of functional traits and species performance. In this scenario, we planned a restoration project on the southeastern Brazilian coastal plain to compare growth and survival of tree seedlings planted at two densities (isolated or aggregated) in a factorial experiment with nutrient addition. In the first chapter we analyzed survival, height, ground level diameter, and crown projection of 4,132 saplings from 19 species that ranged along a successional gradient, over an 18-month period. We used mixed-effect models to analyze the relationship between species performance and treatments, and Akaike\'s information criterion (AIC) to select the models. The best model showed higher survival in aggregated plantations (indicating facilitation) for non-pioneer species. In contrast, we found lower diameter growth in aggregated plantation (indicating competition). Fertilizer addition did not affect survival in clusters, but, surprisingly, it had a negative effect on isolated plants of both pioneer and non-pioneer species. On the other hand, fertilizer addition had a positive effect on diameter and crown projection growth in aggregated plantations (reducing competition), especially for pioneer species. Thus, whether facilitation or competition was the predominant interaction depended on the response analyzed. We concluded that, as establishment of non-pioneer species in disturbed sites can be challenging, restoration designs could take advantage of higher survival rates in clusters and use resource addition to ameliorate growth and decrease competition for limited resources. In the second chapter we used the core simple-measurable traits to investigate whether functional traits were related to growth and survival and whether there was a difference in the effect of the functional traits on plant performance of isolated individuals or of individuals subjected to interaction with neighbors. Our main findings were that for pioneer species, the greater the specific leaf areas (SLA), the greater the survival rates, but, under aggregated conditions, the greater the SLA the lower the survival rates. However, functional traits only partially explained saplings performance in a restoration context and more research is needed to understand its role in predicting seedlings outcomes, especially considering the potential applicability of this methodological approach. The manipulative character of ecological restoration broadens perspectives to use experiments to generate and test new hypotheses in ecology and to refine restoration models
Valladares, Meneses Fiorella Natalie. "“La protección del derecho al territorio en las evaluaciones de impacto ambiental para proyectos de exploración y/o explotación de hidrocarburos en la amazonía peruana”." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/10206.
Full textTesis de segunda especialidad
Grandez, Castillo Gustavo Alberto. "Factores asociados a la presencia de enterobiasis en niños de 1 a 11 años de edad EN dos comunidades nativas Ese’Eja, Madre de Dios – Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2017. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/936.
Full textQuispe, Torobeo Wilfredo. ""Fortalecimiento del derecho al nombre y a la identidad de las comunidades nativas del Bajo Urubamba distrito de Echarate - Cusco. 2014 - 2016"." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9294.
Full textThe present thesis will show the most notable limiting factors for the native communities of the Lower Urubamba, Echarate district to access documentation and identity. The research was done with reference to the implementation of the National Plan for Identity Restitution 2005-2009. The research is predominantly qualitative, because we are interested in knowing what you think and what the attitudes are, of Reniec officials, local authorities and population. Likewise, we worked under the approaches of rights, gender and interculturality; Which will improve the social dynamics of communities, the empowerment of women, the improvement of child rearing, and the development of native communities; Having as a means the recognition of their right to their own identity. The most important problems of the right to documentation and identity ultimately respond to the cultural non-relevance of the documentation proposal in relation to the socio-cultural and economic reality of the native communities. Some of the most significant limitations have been the lack of permanence of the Reniec personnel when they carry out campaigns, to which is added the remoteness of the communities with respect to the capital of the district to which they belong. For this reason, for documentation purposes, they could be related to the nearest provincial and regional establishments, thus overcoming the territorial limits as the education and health sector has been doing. Some of the most important alternatives of this research are the indispensable political will that must have the local and regional authorities, the financial support, the intersectoral work, the cultural adequacy that implies the information and participation of the own settlers; As well as the presence of traveling teams on a quarterly basis. In places such as the native communities of Echarate could begin the transfer of the civil registry office of the municipality, to the community through the local creation of a Reniec office (which was stipulated for the whole country more than five years ago) Transfer that was normed and still this: has not been implemented.
Tesis
Cabanillas, Vila de Souza Patricia Lizet, and Saavedra Ricci Katherine Sandoval. "Evaluación del modelo de negocio de Biocomercio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de las comunidades nativas productoras de plantas medicinales, región San Martín." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/18453.
Full textMarquez, Muñoz Carmen Nadine. "Análisis de la aplicación de la consulta previa en minería, a propósito del caso “Tres Islas”: ¿se debe declarar la nulidad de las concesiones mineras que no fueron consultadas?" Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/18996.
Full textTrabajo académico
Solari, Ruiz-Eldredge Oscar Augusto. "Etnosemántica de los colores en la lengua asháninka — una visión cognitiva, sincrónica y diacrónica." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11149.
Full textTesis
Isernhagen, Ingo. "Uso de semeadura direta de espécies arbóreas nativas para restauração florestal de áreas agrícolas, sudeste do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-20102010-155109/.
Full textThe number of restoration projects in the Atlantic Forest biome is increasing, and direct seeding has been identified as a complement technique to the planting of tree seedlings, especially considering the possibility of reducing the costs of the activity. This experiment sought to test the large scale use of this technique, by proposing the fast occupation and coverage (filling) of two degraded agricultural lands with low resilience through direct seeding of fast growing and wide canopy tree species. In a second moment, it was tested the use of direct seeding to increase plant richness of these areas. The experiment was set at the Usina São João, Araras, São Paulo state, in two Permanent Preservation Areas (riparian areas) abandoned after agricultural use (Area 1 and Area 2). For the filling direct seeding, 16 native tree species were used, in which seed germination tests were carried out in laboratory. The experimental design was the completely randomized in Area 1 (48 plots of 200m² 0,96ha) and the randomized blocks in Area 2 (30 plots of 300m² 0,90ha). Three treatments were tested in the field, based on three different densities of seed sowing, calculated according to an expected projection of individuals number (Area 1 16 repetitions / Area 2 10 repetitions). The number of surviving individuals was monitored over 15 months after seeding (A.S.) in Area 1 and 6 months A.S. in Area 2. Tree height and canopy cover were also monitored in Area 1 in the seeded lines (CL) during 34 months A.S. Emergence rates were about 70-90% lower than those obtained in laboratory. Even so, the densities of individuals were elevated and directly related to the different densities of seeds used, reaching a projected density on the experimental plots of 1,215 ind.ha-1 to 13,002 ind.ha-1. In one to three months A.S., the density of individuals had already reached levels close to those obtained at the end of monitoring. Thirty four months A.S., individuals of <0.50m to 7.0m-8.0m high were recorded, with the largest percentage (29.05%) in the range of 3.01m-4.0m. In this evaluation, over 70% of seeded lines showed CL above 101%. The expenses with seed acquisition to obtain a single seedling in the field from direct seeding of most species used was two to three times lower than the price of an individual seedling in nurseries. After covering the two experimental areas, direct seeding was implanted to increase plant richness, with 30 species in Area 1 and 35 species in Area 2. Problems related to weed infestation, soil disturbance by animals and predation by ants hindered seedling emergence. Direct seeding of native tree species was both technically and economically effective to the initial occupation of agricultural lands through restoration. However, effectiveness is dependent on the species used and the local site conditions, such as soils, being necessary a pre-implantation diagnosis and even the need of seedling plantation as a complementary technique.
Preiskorn, Gabriele Marina. "Composição florística, estrutura e quantificação do estoque de carbono em florestas restauradas com idades diferentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-02082011-163542/.
Full textThe recognition of environmental services provided by forests has increased demands for ecosystem restoration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structure of reforested areas, by collecting data on phytosociology, as well as assessment of aboveground biomass and carbon stocks of four mixed reforested areas with eight, 23, 55 and 94 years-old. The study areas were located in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, within the municipalities of Santa Barbara d´Oeste (BAN), Iracemapolis (IR), Cosmopolis (COS) and Rio Claro (RC). Permanent monitoring plots were placed systematically in each area (300 m2 and 360m2) for sampling all individual trees with diameter at breast height 5cm. The density of individuals (ind.ha-1) and the basal area (m2.ha-1) increased with age of reforested areas. The tree families Fabaceae, Malvaceae and Rutaceae presented the highest species richness of the four study areas, which was similar to other semi deciduous forests of São Paulo state. Species richness and diversity in the study areas were higher than the values obtained for other reforested areas in São Paulo state, but similar to native forests of the region. The regional native species with zoochoric syndrome dispersal were predominant in the four study areas. However, exotic species (including invasive species) were also present. The species with higher values of importance were Inga vera, Albizia lebbeck, Mimosa bimucronata (BAN), Melia azedarach, Leucaena leucocephala, Nectandra megapotamica (IR), Tipuana tipu, Cariniana estrellensis, Trichilia claussenii (COS), Erythroxylum pulchrum, Anadenanthera colubrina, Joannesia princeps (RC). There was no floristic similarity among the four study areas, and this result was expected because the study areas have different ages, as well as different models of reforestation. The presence of regenerants that colonized the areas of IR, COS and RC may indicate that ecological processes such as seed dispersal may have been established. The mean of aboveground biomass, assessed through two allometric equations obtained from the literature, and carbon stocks increased with age of reforested areas. This result was expected because the allometric equations used in this study were originally designed for trees with specific diameter intervals. The carbon stocks in the study areas varied between 39,56 and 166,55 MgC.ha-1 (equation 1) and 34,43 to 104,05 MgC.ha- 1 (equation 2), which are similar to the results obtained for some natural semi deciduous forests. The rates of biomass and carbon annual increment decreased with age of reforestation, suggesting that recent reforested areas may be more effective on carbon sequestration than older reforested areas. The native pioneer species presented high value of carbon storage in the four study areas. Because the difference in these results by using both allometric equations was statistically significant, it is suggested to select the more suitable equation by taking into account the diameter intervals originally used to adjust the equation.
Pérez, Briceño César Herbert. "Percepción y estrategias de adaptación al cambio climático de dos comunidades en la selva del Perú." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13353.
Full textTesis
Massa, Villafuerte Gian Luiggi. "El ritual del fútbol como medio de construcción de identidades masculinas en jóvenes de una comunidad nativa machiguenga." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2009. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1408.
Full textTesis
Romaní, Zamora Catherine Kristel, and Zevallos Fernanda Gabriela Villamonte. "Marketing para la base de la pirámide: Penetración en el mercado de electrificación rural en las comunidades nativas KECHWA PUKALLPA y ALTO PUCALLPILLO. Caso POWERMUNDO." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13761.
Full textTesis