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Academic literature on the topic 'Comunità microbiologiche del suolo'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comunità microbiologiche del suolo"
DE, ROSA Davide. "Effetti del cambiamento climatico e dei cambiamenti di uso del suolo sulle comunità ornitiche del centro-sud Italia: dai rapaci ai passeriformi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11695/79760.
Full textThere is now ample evidence of the ecological impacts of recent climate change, from polar to tropical marine environments. The responses of both flora and fauna span an array of ecosystems and organizational hierarchies, from the species to the community levels. Despite climate change impact is potentially high for the population dynamics of birds, its implications have only recently begun to be addressed. There is a substantial evidence for changes in the phenology of birds, particularly of the timing of migration and of nesting, the consequences of these responses for a species’ population dynamics is still an area requiring in-depth research. The prevailing method for estimating the potential impact of climate change on biological communities is to stack binary predictions from species distribution models (bS-SDM) but many studies reported an overprediction of species richness by bS-SDM, affecting estimates of community composition under present conditions. We filtered bS-SDMs through the SESAM framework to evaluate the potential effects of climate change on Mediterranean bird communities in Central Italy. Our study showed how the choice of the modelling method brings additional uncertainty in bird community predictions under climate change. In another work, we try to assess effects of temperature and rainfall on timing and performance of the Lanner Falcon, we overlaid nest locations in order to add attributes of temperature and rainfall for month and year. The positive effect of warmer temperatures is apparent mainly through early hatching time which produced the highest rate of fledglings. Inversely, January rainfall appears to have a direct negative effect upon the number of young fledged. A short lag time in Sicily between climatic cues and physiological response avoids a potential mismatch between environmental conditions and reproductive decisions. By contrast, on the Italian peninsula, long lag times exclude positive effects. In Mediterranean area there is also an increasing attention to the development of sustainable forestry practices aimed at finding a balance between the maintenance and enhancement of different forest resources. We tested the hypothesis that conservation-oriented forest management, being conceived to mimic the dynamics of a natural forest succession more closely than traditional forestry does, causes a less severe long-term impact on the distribution of forest vertebrates. Conservation-oriented forest management favoured elements, such as forest unevenness, species richness, aggregation of patches and variability in their distances, which emerged as fundamental characteristics for preserving the long-term persistence of forest vertebrates. SDMs were also used to investigate on possible causes of the decline of the Lanner Falcon (F. biarmicus feldeggii) in Molise. I specifically focused on the relative contribution of habitat filtering and biotic interactions on the co–occurrence pattern of the breeding sites of the Lanner Falcon and the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus brookei), as this latter shows an increasing tendency to replace the former in breeding sites. Niche overlap and co–occurrence data strongly supported the hypothesis of a competitive interaction for breeding sites between Peregrine and Lanner Falcon populations in Central Italy. According to our results the out–competed Lanner Falcon would be displaced by the Peregrine Falcon from its optimal habitats, shifting to suboptimal habitats to minimize competition with this species. While competition with the Peregrine Falcon may represent a threat for Lanner Falcon populations in the short term, habitat loss due to future land–use change will exert a significantly more severe effect.
PERTILE, GIORGIA. "Potrebbe l'applicazione di pesticidi influenzare l'abbondanza, la struttura, la biodiversità e la funzionalità della comunità microbica del suolo?" Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10801.
Full textIn agriculture, pesticides have been frequently used to protect crops from pest and disease attacks. Many times such pesticides, besides killing the target organisms, hit non-target organisms. Among the non-target organisms, we can find many useful microorganisms that determine fertility and soil quality. The presence of these xenobiotics in soil can influence the main biogeochemical cycles (N, C, S, P) and other metabolic pathways (eg. Β-ketoadipate). In this study, we investigated the effects of isoproturon, tebuconazole and chlorpyrifos on the abundance, the structure and the diversity of the microbial community. We have also studied the effects of these pesticides on the genes involved in the nitrogen cycle. It was observed that the abundance of the bacterial community is significantly affected by the application of the fungicide tebuconazole. As for the studies on the functionality and the diversity of the bacterial population, the application of these pesticides does not seem to induce a clear dose-dependent nor a time effect. On the contrary, with respect to the analysis on microbial diversity, we observed that the application of these three pesticides did influence the number of detected OTU, whereas the diversity index (H') tells us that the use of such pesticides leads to an increase of diversity within the treated samples. Finally, we can conclude that the application of these pesticides affects the abundance and function of the microbial population, but does not lead to lower diversity within the same community.
PERTILE, GIORGIA. "Potrebbe l'applicazione di pesticidi influenzare l'abbondanza, la struttura, la biodiversità e la funzionalità della comunità microbica del suolo?" Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/10801.
Full textIn agriculture, pesticides have been frequently used to protect crops from pest and disease attacks. Many times such pesticides, besides killing the target organisms, hit non-target organisms. Among the non-target organisms, we can find many useful microorganisms that determine fertility and soil quality. The presence of these xenobiotics in soil can influence the main biogeochemical cycles (N, C, S, P) and other metabolic pathways (eg. Β-ketoadipate). In this study, we investigated the effects of isoproturon, tebuconazole and chlorpyrifos on the abundance, the structure and the diversity of the microbial community. We have also studied the effects of these pesticides on the genes involved in the nitrogen cycle. It was observed that the abundance of the bacterial community is significantly affected by the application of the fungicide tebuconazole. As for the studies on the functionality and the diversity of the bacterial population, the application of these pesticides does not seem to induce a clear dose-dependent nor a time effect. On the contrary, with respect to the analysis on microbial diversity, we observed that the application of these three pesticides did influence the number of detected OTU, whereas the diversity index (H') tells us that the use of such pesticides leads to an increase of diversity within the treated samples. Finally, we can conclude that the application of these pesticides affects the abundance and function of the microbial population, but does not lead to lower diversity within the same community.
CAMBI, MARTINA. "Impatto delle utilizzazioni forestali sul suolo. Stato dell’arte e definizione di un nuovo approccio metodologico con applicazione a due casi di studio in Toscana (Italia)." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1002411.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Comunità microbiologiche del suolo"
Aragona, Stefano. "Ecological city between future and memory: a great opportunity to rethink the world." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7932.
Full textMaccarrone, Maria. "Una città nomade e multidimensionale: il caso della reale Aci." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7973.
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