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Smith, Michael R., and Matthew Petrocelli. "The Effect of Concealed Handgun Carry Deregulation in Arizona on Crime in Tucson." Criminal Justice Policy Review 30, no. 8 (2018): 1186–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403418782739.
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In 2010, the Arizona legislature effectively deregulated concealed handgun carry in the state by passing Senate Bill (SB) 1108, which eliminated licensing and training requirements for concealed carry. Although researchers have extensively examined the impact of state adoption of concealed carry laws, almost nothing is known about the effects of deregulating concealed carry altogether. This study contributes to the more guns, less crime debate by examining the impact of Arizona’s decision to deregulate concealed carry. Using a multiple time-series research design with an experimental (Tucson) and control city (El Paso), the present study examines the impact of deregulation on handgun-related violent crime and gun larcenies in Arizona’s second largest city—Tucson. We find that the passage of SB 1108 had no impact on handgun-related offenses that could be expected to change following deregulation. The implications of these findings for policy making and future research are discussed.
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Schoröder, Inge. "Concealed ovulation and clandestine copulation: a female contribution to human evolution." Ethology and Sociobiology 14, no. 6 (1993): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-3095(93)90026-e.
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Meijer, Ewout H., Fren T. Y. Smulders, and Ann Wolf. "The Contribution of Mere Recognition to the P300 Effect in a Concealed Information Test." Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback 34, no. 3 (2009): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10484-009-9099-9.
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Jackson, Matthew, Fardin Fatahi, Kholoud Alabduljader, Charlotte Jelleyman, Jonathan P. Moore, and Hans-Peter Kubis. "Exercise training and weight loss, not always a happy marriage: single blind exercise trials in females with diverse BMI." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 43, no. 4 (2018): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0577.
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Individuals show high variability in body weight responses to exercise training. Expectations and motivation towards effects of exercise on body weight might influence eating behaviour and could conceal regulatory mechanisms. We conducted 2 single-blind exercise trials (4 weeks (study 1) and 8 weeks (study 2)) with concealed objectives and exclusion of individuals with weight loss intention. Circuit exercise training programs (3 times a week (45–90 min), intensity 50%–90% peak oxygen uptake for 4 and 8 weeks) were conducted. Thirty-four females finished the 4-week intervention and 36 females the 8-week intervention. Overweight/obese (OV/OB) and lean female participants’ weight/body composition responses were assessed and fasting and postprandial appetite hormone levels (PYY, insulin, amylin, leptin, ghrelin) were measured before and after the intervention for understanding potential contribution to individuals’ body weight response to exercise training (study 2). Exercise training in both studies did not lead to a significant reduction of weight/body mass index (BMI) in the participants’ groups; however, lean participants gained muscle mass. Appetite hormones levels were significantly (p < 0.05) altered in the OV/OB group, affecting fasting (−24%) and postprandial amylin (−14%) levels. Investigation of individuals’ BMI responses using multiple regression analysis revealed that levels of fasting leptin, postprandial amylin increase, and BMI were significant predictors of BMI change, explaining about 43% of the variance. In conclusion, tested exercise training did not lead to weight loss in female participants, while a considerable proportion of variance in body weight response to training could be explained by individuals’ appetite hormone levels and BMI.
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Ripollés, Carmen. "Fictions of Abundance in Early Modern Madrid: Hospitality, Consumption, and Artistic Identity in the Work of Juan van der Hamen y León." Renaissance Quarterly 69, no. 1 (2016): 155–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/686329.
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AbstractThis article examines how still-life painting contributed to the creation of a distinct urban aristocratic culture in seventeenth-century Madrid. Focusing on a group of paintings by Juan van der Hamen, the article situates these images within the context of the picture gallery and the practice of aristocratic hospitality. By giving visual form to this new urban mode of magnificence, Van der Hamen’s still lifes created a fiction of abundance that glossed over Madrid’s economic realities. At the same time, Van der Hamen concealed signs of manual craftsmanship and commercial interest in order to advance and ennoble his own artistic identity.
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Miloradović, Goran. "Losses of the Serbian Army in World War One and the Creation of Yugoslavia: Contribution to the Interpretation of the Causes and Circumstances of South Slav Unification." Transcultural Studies 10, no. 2 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23751606-01002006.
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This research paper is devoted to the issues of the human losses of the Army of the Kingdom of Serbia in World War One and the interpretation of the consequences of these losses. It is claimed that the exceptionally high losses were a decisive factor which propelled the decision of the Serbian Government in favour of the formation of Yugoslavia. This fact was concealed during the life of the state of Yugoslavia. The paper draws on Russian and Serbian archival material which has not been processed to date.
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Conway Morris, Simon, Jennifer F. Hoyal Cuthill, and Sylvain Gerber. "Hunting Darwin's Snark: which maps shall we use?" Interface Focus 5, no. 6 (2015): 20150078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2015.0078.
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The 11 contributions to this thematic volume touch on a large range of issues concerning the landscape of biological possibilities and the manner by which it may be traversed by evolving life forms. The contributors also consider how this landscape might be mapped by evolutionary biologists, with an emphasis on how one might identify the limits of such maps. While some agreements emerge on the question of limits on evolution, not surprisingly few contributors look towards the same horizons. Rather than providing a potted summary of the 11 papers, our aim in this introduction is to identify eight principal themes that might serve as common ground and, as importantly, to listen out for the sound of rushing subterranean waters that hint at caverns of concealed knowledge. By no means all of these themes are addressed by all authors, but in gathering the many strands of enquiry we hope that this will allow us to ask: What, if any, are the limits to evolution?
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Han, Kap Su, Sung Woo Lee, Kwang Hoon Park, et al. "Concealed resuscitation-related injuries as reversible cause of recurrent arrest following extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation." CJEM 19, no. 5 (2016): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.389.
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AbstractA life-threatening cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)-related injury can cause recurrent arrest after return of circulation. Such injuries are difficult to identify during resuscitation, and their contribution to failed resuscitation can be missed given the limitations of conventional CPR. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), increasingly being considered for selected patients with potentially reversible etiology of arrest, may identify previously occult CPR-related injuries by restoring arterial pressure and flow. Herein, we describe two cases of severe CPR-related injuries contributing to recurrent arrest. Each case had ECPR implemented within 60 minutes of the start of CPR. After the presumed cardiac etiology had been addressed with percutaneous coronary intervention, life-threatening cardiovascular injuries with recurrent arrest were noted, and resuscitative thoracotomy was performed under ECPR. One patient survived to hospital discharge.ECPR may provide an opportunity to identify and correct severe resuscitation-related injuries causing recurrent arrest. Chest compression depth >6 cm, especially in older women, may contribute to these injuries.
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Gonzalez Fuster, Gloria, Rocco Bellanova, and Raphaël Gellert. "Nurturing Ob-Scene Politics: Surveillance Practices Between In/Visibilities and Disappearances." Surveillance & Society 13, no. 3/4 (2015): 512–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v13i3/4.5439.
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Moving away from the traditional framing of surveillance in terms of in/visibility, this article proposes a conceptual journey that investigates the potential of the notions of dis-appearance and ob-scene as alternative theoretical tools. In particular, it explores how these different perspectives can help bringing politics back into the study and the critique of surveillance.Visibility is structurally linked to invisibility, and together they configure the different modes of in/visibility allowing for the very functioning of surveillance. However, the in/visibility dyad rather than merely describe surveillance contributes to its operations and stabilisation. In order to better understand and unpack surveillance it is thus necessary to tackle its practices not only in search of who watches whom, or what, but also by studying what is concealed through in/visibility, through both hiding and exposing, and what is left out of the scene (or being pushed away) in these processes.In a dialogue with surveillance and critical security studies, this contribution examines the disappearance of bodies in the deployment of security scanners and post-Snowden developments to illustrate the productivity of dis-appearance and the emergence of surveillance’s ob-scene. Against this background, the paper argues that through the lens of the ob-scene it is possible to grasp surveillance’s ripples, and open up their political discussion.
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Janssen, Ralf, Mette Jörgensen, Linda Lagebro, and Graham E. Budd. "Fate and nature of the onychophoran mouth–anus furrow and its contribution to the blastopore." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1805 (2015): 20142628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2628.
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The ancestral states of bilaterian development, and which living groups have conserved them the most, has been a controversial topic in biology for well over a hundred years. In recent years, the idea that gastrulation primitively proceeded via the formation of a slit-like blastopore that then evolved into either protostomy or deuterostomy has gained renewed attention and some molecular developmental support. One of the key pieces of evidence for this ‘amphistomy’ theory comes from the onychophorans, which form a clear ventral groove during gastrulation. The interpretation of this structure has, however, proved problematic. Based on expression patterns of forkhead ( fkh ), caudal ( cad ), brachyury ( bra ) and wingless ( wg/Wnt1 ), we show that this groove does not correspond to the blastopore, even though both the mouth and anus later develop from it. Rather, the posterior pit appears to be the blastopore; the posterior of the groove later fuses with it to form the definitive anus. Onychophoran development therefore represents a case of ‘concealed’ deuterostomy. The new data from the onychophorans thus remove one of the key pieces of evidence for the amphistomy theory. Rather, in line with other recent results, it suggests that ancestral bilaterian development was deuterostomic.
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Lamouroux, Christian. "Chronological Depths and the Longue Durée." Annales (English ed.) 70, no. 02 (2015): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200001175.
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Abstract This short contribution seeks to place David Armitage and Jo Guldi’s article within a broader historiographical context, enlarged to include the history of China. From the outset, Fernand Braudel was careful to link his vision of the longue durée with the new “area studies” exploring international cultures. By studying social and economic history and more generally by using approaches drawn from the social sciences, European and American specialists of China have deconstructed the overly longue durée of Chinese history and shed light on its dynamism, previously repressed and concealed by the notion of a so-called “civilization.” This process facilitated a successful specialization, which can today be supported by the “big data” being compiled in circles close to the two authors.
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Flemming, Scott A., Anna Calvert, Erica Nol, and Paul A. Smith. "Do hyperabundant Arctic-nesting geese pose a problem for sympatric species?" Environmental Reviews 24, no. 4 (2016): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2016-0007.
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Arctic-breeding geese are at record high population levels and are causing significant changes to some of their breeding and staging habitats. These changes could influence sympatric wildlife, but the nature and strength of these effects are unknown. Here, we review the interactions between geese and sympatric species and propose future research that could help to fill important knowledge gaps. We suggest that geese may be indirectly affecting other species through changes to nesting habitat, prey availability, and predator–prey interactions. Many ground-nesting Arctic birds prefer vegetated wet tundra habitats that offer concealed nest sites; areas also heavily used by breeding and staging geese. Where goose foraging exceeds the capacity of the plants to regenerate, habitats have shorter graminoids and more exposed substrate, potentially reducing the availability of concealed nest sites for other birds. Studies have documented local reductions in the abundance of these concealed-nesting species, such as shorebirds. Despite the nutrient enrichment contributed by goose feces, habitats heavily altered by geese have also been shown to host a reduced diversity and abundance of some invertebrate groups. In contrast, generalist predators show positive functional and numerical responses to the presence of breeding geese. Therefore, the risk of predation for alternative or incidental prey (e.g., lemmings or small bird nests) is likely elevated within or near breeding colonies. Studies have demonstrated a reduced abundance of small mammals in areas heavily used by geese, but it is unknown whether this is related to shared predators or habitat alteration. Sympatric wildlife could be further affected through higher stress-levels, altered body condition, or other physiological effects, but there is currently no evidence to demonstrate such impacts. Few studies have explored the potential effects of geese at larger spatial scales, but we suggest that hyperabundant geese could result in regional declines in the abundance and diversity of shorebirds and passerines. We recommend coordinated studies across multiple regions to quantify nesting habitat, arthropod communities, and predator–prey interactions in response to nearby goose colonies. To align with current multispecies approaches to conservation, adequate knowledge of the potential effects of hyperabundant goose populations on other wildlife should be a priority.
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Brinkmann, Detlef. "Quadrupolar Relaxation -what would we do without it in High-Tc Superconductor Studies?" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, no. 1-2 (2000): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-1-256.
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This paper emphasizes the fact that valuable information on the dynamics of high-Tc super-conductors is concealed in that part of the spin-lattice relaxation which arises from quadrupolar interactions. We briefly discuss the problem how to disentangle magnetic and quadrupolar time dependent interactions if both are present, thus leading to multiexponential magnetization recovery laws. We then discuss two examples from our studies of the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu4O8 where the identification of a quadrupolar contribution to the spin-lattice relaxation has been es-sential to draw the relevant conclusions. One example is concerned with the charge fluctuations associated with an electronic crossover showing up in the oxygen relaxation. The second example is dealing with the separation of charge and spin excitations and the validity of the single-spin fluid model.
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Gadpaille, Michelle. "Emigration Gothic: A Scotswoman’s Contribution to the New World." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 3, no. 1-2 (2006): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.3.1-2.169-182.
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Ellen Ross (1816?–1892) emigrated from Scotland to Montreal at mid-century and wrote two Gothic novels, in one of which – Violet Keith, An Autobiography (1868) – she used the Canadian setting as a fantastic Gothic locale in which to explore areas of social and sexual transgression. Drawing on earlier traditions of European Gothic, including Sir Walter Scott’s mythologized Scottish landscape, and on an emerging North American genre of convent exposes, Ross’s writing accommodates female protest, distances it from reality and allows its dissipation in conventional denouements. If female Gothic can be read as an analogue of realistic women’s problems, then perhaps this analogy can be extended to encompass emigration and immigrant life. The paper analyzes Ross’s motifs of loss, imprisonment, solitude, surveillance and deliverance and considers the possibility that Gothic motifs in her work both conceal and express features of the immigrant’s psychic battle with the transition to the New World.
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Ndinda, C., U. O. Uzodike, C. Chimbwete, and M. T. M. Mgeyane. "Gendered Perceptions of Sexual Behaviour in Rural South Africa." International Journal of Family Medicine 2011 (July 3, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/973706.
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This paper discusses sexual behaviour findings collected through eleven homogenous focus group discussions conducted among women and men in a predominantly Zulu population in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The objective of this paper is to shed light on sexual behaviour in a rural community. The findings suggest that sex is a taboo subject and the discussion around it is concealed in the use of polite language, euphemisms, and gestures. There are gender and generational dimensions to the discussion of sex. The contribution of this paper lies in the identification of what rural people discuss about sex and the influence of cultural practices and urban or global forces on sexual behaviour in rural areas. The paper adds to the growing body of literature on the use of focus groups in understanding sexual behaviour in rural contexts.
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DE BELLAIGUE, CHRISTINA. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING AS A PROFESSION FOR WOMEN BEFORE 1870." Historical Journal 44, no. 4 (2001): 963–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x01002138.
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This article argues that the development of teaching as a profession for women in England has often been written using an anachronistic and gendered conception of the term ‘profession’. A closer examination of the work of middle-class schoolmistresses in the first part of the nineteenth century reveals that the image of the amateurish governess was in part a fiction, which concealed the commitment and expertise of many women teachers. The mid-century reformers drew on this earlier tradition of feminine pedagogy and did not simply adopt the standards of boys’ education and their male peers. On the contrary, they contributed to the ongoing process by which teachers of both sexes sought to claim the status and authority of the ‘learned professions’. However, by the 1870s, the pressure to conform to the dominant model in boys’ education meant that this independent strand in education had largely been eclipsed.
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Arregui, Iñigo. "Wave heating of the solar atmosphere." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2042 (2015): 20140261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0261.
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Magnetic waves are a relevant component in the dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Their significance has increased because of their potential as a remote diagnostic tool and their presumed contribution to plasma heating processes. We discuss our current understanding of coronal heating by magnetic waves, based on recent observational evidence and theoretical advances. The discussion starts with a selection of observational discoveries that have brought magnetic waves to the forefront of the coronal heating discussion. Then, our theoretical understanding of the nature and properties of the observed waves and the physical processes that have been proposed to explain observations are described. Particular attention is given to the sequence of processes that link observed wave characteristics with concealed energy transport, dissipation and heat conversion. We conclude with a commentary on how the combination of theory and observations should help us to understand and quantify magnetic wave heating of the solar atmosphere.
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Højholt, Charlotte, and Dorte Kousholt. "Contradictions and conflicts: Researching school as conflictual social practice." Theory & Psychology 30, no. 1 (2019): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354319884129.
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How can theoretical psychology develop concepts for analyzing connections between subjective dilemmas in everyday life and contradictions in historical social practice? We discuss this question by analyzing conflicts related to problems in children’s school lives. One frequent conflict is whether school problems should be explored in relation to individual deficits and deviations, family background, how the school is organized, the societal task of education, etc. However, such conflicts often become concealed by psychological concepts, which contributes to individualization, categorization, and the displacement of problems. We argue that theoretical development of the concept of conflict may support the widespread endeavors to transcend such reductionism by developing contextual and dialectical understandings of personal dilemmas. Through examples from empirical studies, the article illustrates how political conflicts concerning societal institutions (such as schools) form part of both intersubjective conflicts about common matters and personal conflicts in the conduct of everyday life.
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Zhao, Kankan, Bin Ma, Yan Xu, Erinne Stirling, and Jianming Xu. "Light exposure mediates circadian rhythms of rhizosphere microbial communities." ISME Journal 15, no. 9 (2021): 2655–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00957-3.
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AbstractMicrobial community circadian rhythms have a broad influence on host health and even though light-induced environmental fluctuations could regulate microbial communities, the contribution of light to the circadian rhythms of rhizosphere microbial communities has received little attention. To address this gap, we monitored diel changes in the microbial communities in rice (Oryza sativa L.) rhizosphere soil under light–dark and constant dark regimes, identifying microbes with circadian rhythms caused by light exposure and microbial circadian clocks, respectively. While rhizosphere microbial communities displayed circadian rhythms under light–dark and constant dark regimes, taxa possessing circadian rhythms under the two conditions were dissimilar. Light exposure concealed microbial circadian clocks as a regulatory driver, leading to fewer ecological niches in light versus dark communities. These findings disentangle regulation mechanisms for circadian rhythms in the rice rhizosphere microbial communities and highlight the role of light-induced regulation of rhizosphere microbial communities.
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Asman, Saidatul Habsah, Nur Fadilah Ab Aziz, Ungku Anisa Ungku Amirulddin, and Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir. "Decision Tree Method for Fault Causes Classification Based on RMS-DWT Analysis in 275 kV Transmission Lines Network." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (2021): 4031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094031.
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This paper presents a statistical algorithm for classification of fault causes on power transmission lines. The proposed algorithm is based upon the root mean square (RMS) current duration, voltage dip, and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) measured at the sending end of a line and the decision tree method, a commonly accessible measurable method. Fault duration of RMS current signal, voltage dip, and DWT gives concealed data of a fault signature as a contribution to decision tree calculation which is utilized to classify various fault causes. The proposed method was carried out in the MATLAB/SIMULINK programming platform based upon the information made with the fault analysis of the 275 kV sample transmission line considering wide variations in the operating conditions. The classifier performance of different parameters was also compared in a confusion matrix form to obtain the best classification results of the decision tree.
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Alvey, Jennifer. "Contested boundaries." Focaal 2014, no. 68 (2014): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2014.680108.
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This article examines a 20-year border dispute between two adjacent southern interior municipalities in Nicaragua. The dispute acts as window into the politics of state formation and the consolidation of the dictatorship of Anastacio Somoza García (1936–1956). This conflict was waged by locally based “state actors” who contested each other's attempts to stake and extend spatially based claims to authority. Contending parties developed a shared language of contention that I call “administrative disorder”, which tracked closely with accusations of invasion and abuse of authority. Administrative disorder discourses were representational practices that contributed to the discursive construction of the state. They were also the means by which representatives of the state sought to justify or normalize their own activities. As such, these discourses concealed political tensions rooted in patronage networks, municipal formation, land privatization, and ethnic assimilation, which shaped the contours and longevity of the dispute, but remained lurking silences in administrative disorder discourses.
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Anderson, Pamela Sue. "Lost Confidence and Human Capability: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology of the Gendered, yet Capable Subject." Text Matters, no. 4 (November 25, 2014): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/texmat-2014-0003.
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In this contribution to Text Matters, I would like to introduce gender into my feminist response to Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutic phenomenology of the capable subject. The aim is to make, phenomenologically speaking, “visible” the gendering of this subject in a hermeneutic problematic: that of a subject’s loss of confidence in her own ability to understand herself. Ricoeurian hermeneutics enables us to elucidate the generally hidden dimensions in a phenomenology of lost self-confidence; Ricoeur describes capability as “originally given” to each lived body; but then, something has happened, gone wrong or been concealed in one’s loss of confidence. Ricoeur himself does not ask how the gender or sex of one’s own body affects this loss. So I draw on contemporary feminist debates about the phenomenology of the body, as well as Julia Kristeva’s hermeneutics of the Antigone figure, in order to demonstrate how women might reconfigure the epistemic limits of human capability, revealing themselves as “a horizon” of the political order, for better or worse.
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Cahapay, Michael Bobias. "The responsiveness of Bachelor of Elementary Education curriculum: An illuminative evaluation." International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 9, no. 3 (2020): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20649.
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As higher education institutions are pressured to evaluate the responsiveness of their curriculum programs, there is a challenge of first order to define responsiveness. This challenge, however, is compounded by the paucity of a tested evaluation model that addresses it. Thus, this paper aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of the Bachelor of Elementary Education curriculum by attempting the applicability of the model called “illuminative evaluation.” Following the stages and components within the social anthropological framework of the model, multiple methods such as interviews, document reviews, and surveys were employed. The main data analysis technique used was the thematic analysis. The results revealed that illuminative evaluation contextually defined the concept of responsiveness and it effectively uncovered concealed aspects that indicate discrepancies within the curriculum. Thus, given these research outcomes, this work contributes new knowledge to the tradition of evaluation theory and provides practical evidence for the improvement of the curriculum under evaluation. The recommendations are offered at the end of the study.
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Mir, Raoof. "Zakir Naik and His Audiences: A Case Study of Srinagar, Kashmir." Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture 7, no. 2 (2018): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21659214-00702004.
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Most literature on Mumbai-based Muslim tele-Islamicist Zakir Naik offers an organizational, biographical and ideological profile. This approach has concealed the symbolic significance attached to Naik by his audiences. This paper attempts to explore not only who and what Naik is, but how and where he is located. By incorporating ethnographic and cultural studies approaches, this paper offers fresh insight into Naik and his methods of communicating religion. Taking Srinagar, a city in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, as an ethnographic site, this paper explores how Muslim individuals or groups interpret Naik in relation to their religious worldviews. The articulation of Islam by Zakir Naik through media platforms such as television and social media has contributed to a religious trend in Kashmir, in which people have discovered new ways to think about themselves and to participate in discourses about religion that would have been unthinkable a few decades ago.
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Moreras, Jordi. "The Way to Mecca. Spanish State Sponsorship of Muslim Pilgrimage (1925-1972)." Culture & History Digital Journal 9, no. 2 (2020): e013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2020.013.
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The sponsorship of pilgrimage to Mecca by European colonial powers in the 19th and 20th centuries contributed to transforming the hajj into the global phenomenon it is today. Spain also promoted Muslim pilgrimage from its zone of the Moroccan Protectorate, tentatively at first, and then more purposefully from 1937 onwards, continuing its sponsorship into the early 1970s, years after Morocco’s independence. Intensive study of administrative documentation from the Spanish Protectorate allows the reformulation of the sponsorship’s established chronology (from 1937 to 1956). It also shows the dual intent concealed behind its promotion: first, as propaganda aimed at the interior of the Moroccan territory being administered; and second, as a tool for the external promotion of a political regime in need of support to escape its international isolation. The pilgrimage’s sponsorship is seen as part of the general framework of managing Muslim rituals enacted by the Spanish government to deactivate their potential mobilising capacity.
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Yi, Kaigang, Tinggui Chen, and Guodong Cong. "Library personalized recommendation service method based on improved association rules." Library Hi Tech 36, no. 3 (2018): 443–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-06-2017-0120.
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Purpose Nowadays, database management system has been applied in library management, and a great number of data about readers’ visiting history to resources have been accumulated by libraries. A lot of important information is concealed behind such data. The purpose of this paper is to use a typical data mining (DM) technology named an association rule mining model to find out borrowing rules of readers according to their borrowing records, and to recommend other booklists for them in a personalized way, so as to increase utilization rate of data resources at library. Design/methodology/approach Association rule mining algorithm is applied to find out borrowing rules of readers according to their borrowing records, and to recommend other booklists for them in a personalized way, so as to increase utilization rate of data resources at library. Findings Through an analysis on record of book borrowing by readers, library manager can recommend books that may be interested by a reader based on historical borrowing records or current book-borrowing records of the reader. Research limitations/implications If many different categories of book-borrowing problems are involved, it will result in large length of encoding as well as giant searching space. Therefore, future research work may be considered in the following aspects: introduce clustering method; and apply association rule mining method to procurement of book resources and layout of books. Practical implications The paper provides a helpful inspiration for Big Data mining and software development, which will improve their efficiency and insight on users’ behavior and psychology. Social implications The paper proposes a framework to help users understand others’ behavior, which will aid them better take part in group and community with more contribution and delightedness. Originality/value DM technology has been used to discover information concealed behind Big Data in library; the library personalized recommendation problem has been analyzed and formulated deeply; and a method of improved association rules combined with artificial bee colony algorithm has been presented.
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Nilsen, Ann Christin E., and Tale Steen-Johnsen. "The early childhood care and development mission and the institutional circuit of evidence." Journal of Early Childhood Research 18, no. 1 (2019): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x19860558.
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Early childhood care and development has increasingly become a part of the global development agenda. Fueled by a threefold rationale, rooted in development psychology, social economy, and human rights, the arguments for investing in early childhood care and development are virtually unassailable. However, this rationale is somehow at odds with insights developed within the sociology of childhood, emphasizing childhood as a social construction amendable to context and children’s own agency. Inspired by the methodological approach known as institutional ethnography, we explore how development aid workers respond to and enact the early childhood care and development mission. Building on interviews with development aid workers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, we describe how their actions, when justified, enter into institutional circuits where the demand for evidence is striking. By exploring development aid workers’ own work knowledge, including how they strive to be compliant with the early childhood care and development rationale, yet also oppose it, our contribution points to the importance of re-negotiating evidence in order to discover the blind spots that may be concealed within what we refer to as a “justification loop.”
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Lail, Bradley E., Wayne B. Thomas, and Glyn J. Winterbotham. "Classification Shifting Using the “Corporate/Other” Segment." Accounting Horizons 28, no. 3 (2014): 455–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch-50709.
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SYNOPSIS In this paper, we examine management's use of the “corporate/other” segment to mask the true performance of operating (or core) segments. The corporate/other segment represents firm-wide expenses not allocated to core segments. We find that managers take advantage of vague cost allocation requirements to shift expenses between the corporate/other segment and core segments. Specifically, in the presence of agency problems (i.e., transfer of resources to underperforming segments), our evidence is consistent with expenses being shifted from core segments to the corporate/other segment. This shifting increases the reported performance of underperforming core segments. In addition, when proprietary concerns are high (i.e., operations in less competitive industries), we find evidence consistent with corporate/other expenses being shifted to core segments. By shifting expenses to core segments, core profits are concealed when proprietary motives are present. Our research contributes to a growing literature on earnings manipulation through expense shifting (rather than accrual manipulation or real activities management). Data Availability: The authors are willing to share the data upon request.
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Bartos, Daniel C., John R. Giudicessi, David J. Tester, et al. "A KCNQ1 mutation contributes to the concealed type 1 long QT phenotype by limiting the Kv7.1 channel conformational changes associated with protein kinase A phosphorylation." Heart Rhythm 11, no. 3 (2014): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.11.021.
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Yang, Onjung. "State Responsibility toward a Perpetual Minority: Amerasians in South Korea." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 10, no. 3 (2018): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v10.i3.6054.
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My paper analyses historical processes to explore socially constructed discrimination and inequality against Amerasians, who were born to Korean women from U.S. Army service personnel in U.S. Military Camp Town (hereafter ‘Gijichon’) around Korean War, in the perspective of Korean Government policies. I shall discuss the elements which influenced the development of the situation of Amerasian by analyzing various sources including in-depth interviews and documents from their community. The significant finding of this study is that Korean Government contributed greatly to the presence of Amerasian by promoting the sex trade in Gijichon. However, they were not recognised as Koreans under the Nationality Act and their presence was officially concealed. A number of them were adopted into families overseas under the government policy of promoting international adoption. Moreover, the government separated them from the mainstream society by establishing Honhyeolin (mixed-blood) school and legally exempting them from the military service. The situation of Amerasian is still fragile as they are excluded from unprecedented support systems for ethnic minorities reflecting structural violence according to Galtung’s theory (Galtung 1969) and therefore, special consideration from Korean government is required.
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Siswanto, Siswanto. "PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI BAWAH AIR DI INDONESIA TANTANGAN, PELUANG, DAN ARAH KEBIJAKAN PENELITIAN ARKEOLOGI MARITIM." Berkala Arkeologi 30, no. 1 (2010): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30883/jba.v30i1.393.
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In Indonesia, underwater archaeology as a part of maritime study seems to be isolated, because the study has not yet made significant contribution to the understanding of maritime life ways in the archipelago. Various archaeological data needed to reveal the history of human settlement, insular trade, maritime history, migration, and other aspects of maritime culture in the archipelago are still concealed at the bottom of the sea or rivers. On the other hand, the development of underwater archeology in Indonesia is still left far behind compared to other Southeast Asian countries, so the abundant underwater archaeological data are still unreachable. So far, the existing underwater archaeology activities carried out within this largest archipelagic country are still aimed at exploring underwater 'treasure", with very limited concern on archaeological research. On another side, it is certainly aware that a"real" underwater archaeological research require the readiness of both human resources as well as the supporting equipments. Therefore, to develop more proper underwater archaeological activities, it is necessary to establish clear and executable policies and strategy, e.g by improving the quality and quantity of resources, establishing networking, and conducting other potential activities periodically, consistently, with high discipline.
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Hoffmann, M., M. Schulz-Hanke, J. Garcia Alba, et al. "Technical Note: A simple calculation algorithm to separate high-resolution CH<sub>4</sub> flux measurements into ebullition and diffusion-derived components." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 15 (2015): 12923–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-12923-2015.
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Abstract. Processes driving the production, transformation and transport of methane (CH4) in wetland ecosystems are highly complex. Thus, serious challenges are constitutes in terms of the mechanistic process understanding, the identification of potential environmental drivers and the calculation of reliable CH4 emission estimates. We present a simple calculation algorithm to separate open-water CH4 fluxes measured with automatic chambers into diffusion- and ebullition-derived components, which helps facilitating the identification of underlying dynamics and potential environmental drivers. Flux separation is based on ebullition related sudden concentration changes during single measurements. A variable ebullition filter is applied, using the lower and upper quartile and the interquartile range (IQR). Automation of data processing is achieved by using an established R-script, adjusted for the purpose of CH4 flux calculation. The algorithm was tested using flux measurement data (July to September 2013) from a former fen grassland site, converted into a shallow lake as a result of rewetting ebullition and diffusion contributed 46 and 55 %, respectively, to total CH4 emissions, which is comparable to those previously reported by literature. Moreover, the separation algorithm revealed a concealed shift in the diurnal trend of diffusive fluxes throughout the measurement period.
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Suizi, Jia, Cao Wanlin, Liu Zibin, Ding Wei, and Su Yingnan. "Experimental Study on a Prefabricated Lightweight Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Framework Composite Slab Structure Subjected to Reversed Cyclic Loading." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (2019): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061264.
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A building structure comprising a prefabricated lightweight concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) framework composite slab structure is proposed. Five full-scale specimens (i.e., one empty framework and four-walled frameworks) were tested under reversed cyclic loading to study their earthquake-resistance performance. Of the four wall specimens, three were walled using composite slabs, one had no openings, one had a window opening, and one had a door opening. One was walled with a concealed steel-truss slab. A comparative study on the strength, stiffness, ductility, hysteresis characteristics, and dissipated energy of the specimens was performed. The working mechanism of the framework and slab was then analyzed. The results show that, if reasonably assembled and connected, the framework and slab work in a well-coordinated manner. The walled framework had greater lateral load-bearing capacity, better energy-dissipation, greater stiffness reduction, and better deformability than an empty framework. The area and type of slab opening had a significant impact on structural performance because a door or window opening contributed to a smaller lateral load-bearing capacity and initial secant stiffness of the structure. However, this had no clear impact on the accumulative dissipated energy of the structure.
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Bertoncin, Marina, Andrea Pase, Daria Quatrida, and Alessandra Scroccaro. "How the replica of the Italy’s Northeast Industrial District model failed in Timisoara (Romania)." Investigaciones Geográficas, no. 69 (June 13, 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/ingeo2018.69.05.
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Italy’s industrial districts of the Northeast are often cited as beings models of success due to their economic organisation, thus they have almost become an archetypal myth. One of the reasons for the Northeastern firms’ success is proximity (both geographical and relational), particularly with regard to the creation and development of the districts and their innovative and competitive capacity on a global scale. Our research compares the structures of proximity in Montebelluna, an industrial district in Northeast Italy, with Timisoara (in Romania), which has been one of the more favoured areas of delocalisation for Veneto firms. This comparison made it possible to focus on the non-economic categories (such as trust, face-to-face relations, cooperative attitudes, local context…) that have contributed to a large part of their success, although, in reality, they are often overvalued. Above all, the analysis reveals how these Italian industrial districts have concealed an unequal distribution of power, not only inside the firms and between the firms, but also between the firms and their delocalised territories. Today the “Northeast” model is questioned and debated; however a rethinking of regional dynamics is only possible if these hidden dimensions of district development are taken into consideration.
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Tuppura, Anni, Heli Arminen, Satu Pätäri, and Ari Jantunen. "Corporate social and financial performance in different industry contexts: the chicken or the egg?" Social Responsibility Journal 12, no. 4 (2016): 672–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-12-2015-0181.
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Purpose The purpose of the paper is to examine empirically Granger causality relationships between corporate social performance (CSP) and corporate financial performance (CFP) in four different industries. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the Granger causality test to analyse the causality relationships between CSP and CFP in clothing, energy, food and forest industries in the USA. The panel data used combined CSP and CFP measures over the years 1991-2009. CSP strengths and concerns are handled as distinct constructs. Findings There is some evidence of bidirectional causality between CSP and CFP in the clothing, energy and forest industries; but in the food industry, CSP appears not to Granger-cause CFP. The results encourage accounting for the industry in empirical analyses, as well as the use of more than one measure for CFP in the analyses. Originality/value The direction of causality between CSP and CFP has been specifically addressed in only a few studies. Because the causality relationship may, in addition, be concealed when multi-industry data are used, this paper contributes to the literature by examining the Granger causality between CSP and CFP in four different industry contexts using two different measures of CFP.
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Dorchin, Achik, Anat Shafir, Frank H. Neumann, Dafna Langgut, Nicolas J. Vereecken, and Itay Mayrose. "Bee flowers drive macroevolutionary diversification in long-horned bees." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1959 (2021): 20210533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0533.
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The role of plant–pollinator interactions in the rapid radiation of the angiosperms have long fascinated evolutionary biologists. Studies have brought evidence for pollinator-driven diversification of various plant lineages, particularly plants with specialized flowers and concealed rewards. By contrast, little is known about how this crucial interaction has shaped macroevolutionary patterns of floral visitors. In particular, there is currently no empirical evidence that floral host association has increased diversification in bees, the most prominent group of floral visitors that essentially rely on angiosperm pollen. In this study, we examine how floral host preference influenced diversification in eucerine bees (Apidae, Eucerini), which exhibit large variations in their floral associations. We combine quantitative pollen analyses with a recently proposed phylogenetic hypothesis, and use a state speciation and extinction probabilistic approach. Using this framework, we provide the first evidence that multiple evolutionary transitions from host plants with accessible pollen to restricted pollen from ‘bee-flowers’ have significantly increased the diversification of a bee clade. We suggest that exploiting host plants with restricted pollen has allowed the exploitation of a new ecological niche for eucerine bees and contributed both to their colonization of vast regions of the world and their rapid diversification.
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Abramovitz, Moses. "The Search for the Sources of Growth: Areas of Ignorance, Old and New." Journal of Economic History 53, no. 2 (1993): 217–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700012882.
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Many economic historians, like most economists, depend on standard growth accounts to provide some quantitative description of the proximate sources of growth, but this is misleading. American growth experience illustrates the difficulty. The seeming major contribution of tangible capital accumulation to nineteenth-century growth was the consequence of scale-dependent and capital-using technological progress. The large twentieth-century contributions of education and R&D conceal technology's new intangible capital-using bias. Additionally, reverse forces run from capital accumulation to technological progress. Without a greater understanding of these interactions, our knowledge of even the proximate sources of growth is incomplete.
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Hamann, Michael J., Casey M. Lubking, Doris N. Luchini, and Daniel D. Billadeau. "Asef2 Functions as a Cdc42 Exchange Factor and Is Stimulated by the Release of an Autoinhibitory Module from a Concealed C-Terminal Activation Element." Molecular and Cellular Biology 27, no. 4 (2006): 1380–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01608-06.
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ABSTRACT Asef (herein called Asef1) was identified as a Rac1-specific exchange factor stimulated by adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), contributing to colorectal cancer cell metastasis. We investigated Asef2, an Asef1 homologue having a similar N-terminal APC binding region (ABR) and Src-homology 3 (SH3) domain. Contrary to previous reports, we found that Asef1 and Asef2 exchange activity is Cdc42 specific. Moreover, the ABR of Asef2 did not function independently but acted in tandem with the SH3 domain to bind APC. The ABRSH3 also bound the C-terminal tail of Asef2, allowing it to function as an autoinhibitory module within the protein. Deletion of the C-terminal tail did not constitutively activate Asef2 as predicted; rather, a conserved C-terminal segment was required for augmented Cdc42 GDP/GTP exchange. Thus, Asef2 activation involves APC releasing the ABRSH3 from the C-terminal tail, resulting in Cdc42 exchange. These results highlight a novel exchange factor regulatory mechanism and establish Asef1 and Asef2 as Cdc42 exchange factors, providing a more appropriate context for understanding the contribution of APC in establishing cell polarity and migration.
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Caron, Raymond M., Claire Samson, Martin Bates, and Michel Chouteau. "Correcting airborne gravity data for overburden thickness: a case study from the Nechako interior plateau, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, no. 5 (2019): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2017-0209.
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Large areas of bedrock in Canada, such as in the interior plateau of British Columbia, are covered by a thick glacial overburden. Lateral variations in overburden thickness can create spurious anomalies in gravity data. These anomalies can be of a size and amplitude similar to those associated with mineral bodies and can be mistaken for them. A methodology is introduced that corrects gravity data for changes in overburden thickness through the use of a bedrock topography map created by integrating information from a helicopter transient electromagnetic survey with geological survey data, well water data, and gravel pit locations. The approach is tested for a 68 km × 38 km area in the prospective Nechako interior plateau of British Columbia, Canada. The methodology extends the traditional Bouguer corrections by taking into account the gravitational contribution of the overburden. Results show that the capability of an airborne survey to detect a change in overburden thickness depends primarily on survey line spacing and to a lesser extent on the level of random noise in the gravity data. The bedrock topography correction has the capability of removing the gravitational attraction of overburden for the purpose of revealing, through interpretation, geological structures in the gravity data that originate from the bedrock and are otherwise concealed.
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Worsfold, Brian. "Eurocentrism in hybridity : a critique of Charles Van Onselen's "The Seed is Mine: the life of Kas Maine, a South African Sharecropper 1894-1985"." Journal of English Studies 2 (May 29, 2000): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.59.
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For decades, contributors to the literary discourses of South Africa, writers, critics and commentators alike, worked to end apartheid. Now that apartheid is over, new discourses must evolve. For this reason, at this critical time of transition, all literary works coming out of South Africa are crucial to the continuity of South African literatures. Charles van Onselen's work would be a remarkable social history at any time but, coming as it does in the immediate post-apartheid period, it takes on a special relevance. This fictionalised social history which records the survival of a MaSotho peasant farmer in the western Transvaal during the pre-apartheid and apartheid periods gives a unique insight into an area of human existence that remains virtually unrecorded and only touched on in Sol T. Plaatje's Native Life in South Africa, written in 1910. This minutely-documented account of Kas Maine's story reflects the human condition of the Black population in rural South Africa as the screws of proxy European colonisation are tightened by South Africa's neo-colonialists. More significantly, van Onselen reconstructs the rural Black South African man whom apartheid not only degraded but also concealed from view. To what extent, however, is this reconstruction that of a White South African and what are his reasons for producing a model at this moment in South Africa's history?
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Worsfold, Brian. "Eurocentrism in hybridity : a critique of Charles Van Onselen's "The Seed is Mine: the life of Kas Maine, a South African Sharecropper 1894-1985"." Journal of English Studies 2 (May 29, 2000): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.65.
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For decades, contributors to the literary discourses of South Africa, writers, critics and commentators alike, worked to end apartheid. Now that apartheid is over, new discourses must evolve. For this reason, at this critical time of transition, all literary works coming out of South Africa are crucial to the continuity of South African literatures. Charles van Onselen's work would be a remarkable social history at any time but, coming as it does in the immediate post-apartheid period, it takes on a special relevance. This fictionalised social history which records the survival of a MaSotho peasant farmer in the western Transvaal during the pre-apartheid and apartheid periods gives a unique insight into an area of human existence that remains virtually unrecorded and only touched on in Sol T. Plaatje's Native Life in South Africa, written in 1910. This minutely-documented account of Kas Maine's story reflects the human condition of the Black population in rural South Africa as the screws of proxy European colonisation are tightened by South Africa's neo-colonialists. More significantly, van Onselen reconstructs the rural Black South African man whom apartheid not only degraded but also concealed from view. To what extent, however, is this reconstruction that of a White South African and what are his reasons for producing a model at this moment in South Africa's history?
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Yakuba, V. V. "Consequences of "good neighborhood"." Science and Education a New Dimension IX(254), no. 46 (2021): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31174/send-hs2021-254ix46-07.
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The most significant falsifications of historical events by the Bolshevik regime are considered and it is established that the information policy of the Russian Federation systematically falsifies and conceals historical facts and events that testify to the great contribution of Ukraine and its people to the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II. An analysis of the national liberation struggles of 1917-1920 showed that for a long time Soviet researchers called the 1917 Bolshevik coup in the Russian Empire a proletarian revolution, forming the view that this revolution was a just struggle between peasants and workers against the capitalists. time was implanted in the minds of Ukrainians. The Holodomor in 1932-1933 was studied separately as a deliberate genocide or "temporary food shortages."
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Schieck, Elise, Carole Lartigue, Joachim Frey, et al. "Galactofuranose in M ycoplasma mycoides is important for membrane integrity and conceals adhesins but does not contribute to serum resistance." Molecular Microbiology 99, no. 1 (2015): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13213.
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Pante, Gregor, Peter Knippertz, Andreas H. Fink, and Anke Kniffka. "The potential of increasing man-made air pollution to reduce rainfall over southern West Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 1 (2021): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-35-2021.
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Abstract. Southern West Africa has one of the fastest-growing populations worldwide. This has led to a higher water demand and lower air quality. Over the last 3 decades, most of the region has experienced decreasing rainfall during the little dry season (LDS; mid-July to end of August) and more recently also during the second rainy season (SRS; September–October), while trends during the first rainy season (FRS; mid-May to mid-July) are insignificant. Here we analyse spatio-temporal variations in precipitation, aerosol, radiation, cloud, and visibility observations from surface stations and from space to find indications for a potential contribution of anthropogenic air pollution to these rainfall trends. The proposed mechanism is that the dimming of incoming solar radiation by aerosol extinction contributes to reducing vertical instability and thus convective precipitation. To separate a potential aerosol influence from large-scale climatic drivers, a multilinear-regression model based on sea-surface temperature (SST) indices is used. During both LDS and SRS, weakly statistically significant but accelerating negative rainfall trends unrelated to known climatic factors are found. These are accompanied by a strong increase in pollution over the upstream tropical Atlantic caused by fire aerosol from Central Africa, particularly during the LDS. Over southern West Africa, no long-term aerosol records are available, inhibiting a direct quantification of the local man-made effect. However, significant decreases in horizontal visibility and incoming surface solar radiation are strong indicators for an increasing aerosol burden, in line with the hypothesized pollution impact on rainfall. The radiation trend is further enhanced by an increase in low-level cloudiness. The large spatial extent of potentially aerosol-related trends during the LDS is consistent with the stronger monsoon flow and less wet deposition during this season. Negligible aerosol impacts during the FRS are likely due to the high degree of convective organization, which makes rainfall less sensitive to surface radiation. The overall coherent picture and the accelerating trends – some of which are concealed by SST effects – should alarm policymakers in West Africa to prevent a further increase in air pollution as this could endanger water supply and food and energy production for a large and growing population.
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Nicholls, Richard, and Marwa Gad Mohsen. "Managing customer-to-customer interaction (CCI) – insights from the frontline." Journal of Services Marketing 33, no. 7 (2019): 798–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-11-2018-0329.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the capacity of frontline employees (FLEs) to provide insights into customer-to-customer interaction (CCI) and its management in service organisations. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory study used focus groups and semi-structured in-depth interviews with FLEs to investigate their experiences and reflections in dealing with CCI in a complex service setting in the UK. Findings FLEs are able to recall CCI encounters, both positive (PCCI) and negative (NCCI), with ease. They are capable of conceptualising and exploring complex nuances surrounding CCI encounters. FLEs can distinguish levels of seriousness of negative CCI and variations in customer sensitivity to CCI. FLEs vary in their comfort in intervening in negative CCI situations. Whilst FLEs draw on skills imparted in an employee-customer interaction context, they would benefit from CCI-specific training. Propositions are advanced for further empirical testing. Research limitations/implications The authors studied FLE views on CCI in a customer-centric service organisation in the UK. Future research should further address the FLE perspective on CCI in less service-driven organisations and in other countries. A wide range of themes for further research are proposed. Practical implications The insights presented will assist service managers to assess the CCI context of their own organisation and develop strategies and guidelines to support FLEs in detecting, understanding and responding to CCI encounters. Social implications The paper highlights and discusses the complexity of intervening in negative CCI encounters in socially inclusive service environments. Originality/value Based on FLE-derived perceptions of CCI, the paper contributes conceptually to CCI knowledge by identifying the existence of “concealed CCI”, distinguishing between gradual and sudden CCI intervention contexts and exploring the human resource development consequences of this distinction, with original implications for service management. The study also contributes to extending the scope of research into triadic service interactions.
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Hoffmann, Mathias, Maximilian Schulz-Hanke, Juana Garcia Alba, et al. "A simple calculation algorithm to separate high-resolution CH<sub>4</sub> flux measurements into ebullition- and diffusion-derived components." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 10, no. 1 (2017): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-109-2017.
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Abstract. Processes driving the production, transformation and transport of methane (CH4) in wetland ecosystems are highly complex. We present a simple calculation algorithm to separate open-water CH4 fluxes measured with automatic chambers into diffusion- and ebullition-derived components. This helps to reveal underlying dynamics, to identify potential environmental drivers and, thus, to calculate reliable CH4 emission estimates. The flux separation is based on identification of ebullition-related sudden concentration changes during single measurements. Therefore, a variable ebullition filter is applied, using the lower and upper quartile and the interquartile range (IQR). Automation of data processing is achieved by using an established R script, adjusted for the purpose of CH4 flux calculation. The algorithm was validated by performing a laboratory experiment and tested using flux measurement data (July to September 2013) from a former fen grassland site, which converted into a shallow lake as a result of rewetting. Ebullition and diffusion contributed equally (46 and 55 %) to total CH4 emissions, which is comparable to ratios given in the literature. Moreover, the separation algorithm revealed a concealed shift in the diurnal trend of diffusive fluxes throughout the measurement period. The water temperature gradient was identified as one of the major drivers of diffusive CH4 emissions, whereas no significant driver was found in the case of erratic CH4 ebullition events.
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Loustaunau, Michel G., and Jayajit Chakraborty. "Vehicular Air Pollution in Houston, Texas: An Intra-Categorical Analysis of Environmental Injustice." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (2019): 2968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162968.
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This article contributes to distributive environmental justice (EJ) research on air pollution by analyzing racial/ethnic and related intra-categorical disparities in health risk from exposure to on-road hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in Harris County, Texas. Previous studies in this urban area have not examined intra-ethnic heterogeneity in EJ outcomes or disproportionate exposure to vehicular pollutants. Our goal was to determine how the EJ implications of cancer risk from exposure to on-road HAP sources differ across and within each major racial/ethnic group (Hispanics, non-Hispanic Blacks, and non-Hispanic Whites), based on data from the Environmental Protection Agency’s National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment (2011) and American Community Survey (2009–2013). Statistical analyses are based on generalized estimating equations which account for clustering of analytic units. Results indicated that Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks are exposed to significantly higher cancer risk than non-Hispanic Whites. When each racial/ethnic group was disaggregated based on contextually relevant characteristics, individuals who are in poverty, foreign-born, renters, and have limited English proficiency are found to be disproportionately located in areas exposed to significantly higher cancer risk, regardless of their major racial/ethnic designation. Our findings underscore the need to conduct intra-categorical EJ analysis for uncovering inequalities that get concealed when broadly defined racial/ethnic categories are used.
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Mihoc, Daniel. "The Works and the Mystery of Salvation in the Book of Revelation. A New Contribution to an Old Polemic." Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 9, no. 3 (2017): 426–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ress-2017-0029.
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Abstract Five hundred years ago, in troubling theological and spiritual developments of the Roman Church, Martin Luther critically approached its teaching about the soteriological value of works. The result of his inquiry was the famous sola fide doctrine. However he did not ignore the issue of works and tried repeatedly to explain their relationship with the faith. But, unfortunately, he did not consider the important contributions of the Epistle of St James and of St John’s Revelation. In the introduction to the Apocalypse he expressed the possibility that he was missing “more than one thing in this book”. His intuition was right. The book of Revelation conceals many mysteries, but first of all that of salvation. It speaks a lot about Christ and His salvific work, but also about the works of the faithful. In fact, the mystery of salvation is closely related to works. They play a crucial role in the preparation of the wedding of the Lamb with His bride. The accomplishment of God’s plan depends on them. The judgment will be done according to the works. Therefore, a lot of onceignored things stand before us. Have they the potential to bring more light on the much-disputed relationship between faith and works?
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Fortin, Elizabeth. "Struggles with activism: NGO engagements with land tenure reform in post-apartheid South Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 48, no. 3 (2010): 383–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x10000340.
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ABSTRACTIn 2004, a long-awaited piece of post-apartheid legislation, the Communal Land Rights Act – to reform the land tenure of those living in the former ‘homelands’ of South Africa – was passed into law unanimously by parliament. This unanimity, however, conceals the extent to which the process towards this moment was deeply contested. Exploring the efforts by land sector NGOs to secure legitimacy in their engagements with this process reveals the extent to which wider power relations and contestations have determined their positioning. Those within the non-governmental land sector who opposed the legislation pitted themselves against African National Congress politicians and high-profile traditional leaders. However, the adoption of a Mamdani-inspired discourse to contest such politics and oppose the proposed legislation contributed to reinscribing narrow readings of knowledge considered to be legitimate. Their engagements were also shaped by changes in the NGO sector. Reduced funding for land sector NGOs and an increasingly ambivalent relationship between them and government contributed to contestations between NGOs and among people working within them. Their strategic engagements in such wider and internal politics influenced both the frames within which such policy change could be debated and the ways in which individuals working for NGOs consequently positioned themselves in relation to their constituents.
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Chicherin, Stanislav. "Analysis of procedures for heating, ventilation and air conditioning for transfer to low-temperature heat supply." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.3.8.
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Introduction. Renovation of housing stock supposes construction of new buildings, where the main utilities consuming heat energy will be heating and hot water supply (HWS) systems. Under such conditions the task of heat consumption reduction by transfer to low-temperature and use of the associated procedures is relevant. Materials and Methods. Research was performed on the basis of residential and administration buildings designed within the whole Russia, the facilities were selected based on the year of putting into operation and their purpose. The source of data concerning buildings became documents included into the scope of the design and detailed documentation: plans, drawings and explanatory notes. As meeting the demands of hot water supply makes the main contribution to daily nonuniformities of heat energy consumption, the attention was paid to equipment of hot water supply systems. For calculations, the commercial product of Microsoft Office Excel 2010 was used. Results. During selection of roof boiler house as a source of heat supply increase in consumption of equivalent fuel in relation to the variant of connection to heat power plant operating on solid fuel by 187,314 tons of fuel oil equivalent is possible. General refusal from power-and-heat generation complicates operation of large district heat supply systems. The design parameters of coolant in building heating system differ from project to project: from 95/70 °С, used everywhere till the beginning of the XXI century, up to 90/65 °С corresponding to existing practice of designing or 80/60 °С as at the facility in Sevastopol. Reduction of design temperatures by 5 % is insufficient to decrease general heat consumption of the building. Reduction of heat consumption is explained by selection of advanced materials for pipeline heat insulation. Use of automation diagrams for heat points on the basis of regulator ECL Comfort 310 contributes to improvement of hydraulic control for heating systems, however, concealed automation results in violation of high-quality mode for heat network control and decrease of coolant parameters on adjacent (often non-automated) consumers. Conclusions. Supplement of central high-quality control by local constant temperature/variable flow control at individual heat unit and installation of temperature controllers on heating radiators with mechanical thermostatic head have potential for reduction of the heat energy volume used ineffectively. Increase in level of controllability for heating system together with cheaper and responsive automation systems are basic conditions for increase in quality of heat supply in future.