Relevant bibliographies by topics / Concentrates and grass silage

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Academic literature on the topic 'Concentrates and grass silage'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Concentrates and grass silage"

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Keady, T. W. J., and C. S. Mayne. "The effects of concentrate energy source on silage feeding behaviour and energy utilization by lactating dairy cows offered grass silages with differing intake characteristics." Animal Science 67, no. 2 (October 1998): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135772980000998x.

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AbstractThe effects of concentrate energy source on feeding behaviour and energy utilization, when offered with grass silages of differing intake characteristics, were studied in lactating dairy cows. A total of five silages, which differed in fermentation and intake characteristics, were prepared. Silages A, B and D and silages C and E were harvested from primary regrowths and secondary regrowths respectively of predominantly perennial ryegrass swards. Herbage was ensiled either pre-wilted or unwilted and either untreated or treated with a bacterial inoculant or formic acid based additives. Five concentrates (0s, 25s, 50s, 75s and 100s) were formulated to contain similar concentrations of crude protein, effective rumen degradable protein and metabolizable energy (ME) but using different carbohydrate sources to achieve a wide range of starch concentrations. The silages were offered ad libitum, supplemented with 10 kg concentrates per head per day. In experiment 1, a partially balanced change-over design experiment involving 50 lactating dairy cows was undertaken to examine the effects of concentrate energy source on silage feeding behaviour. Silages A, B, C, D and E were each supplemented with concentrates Os, 25s, 50s, 75s and 100s. Concentrate energy source did not alter (P > 0·05) silage feeding behaviour. The number of meals per day decreased (P < 0·01) as silage dry-matter concentration increased. Experiment 2, a completely randomized experiment involving 18 lactating dairy cows, was undertaken to examine the effects of concentrate energy source on energy utilization with cows offered silages B, C and D. These were supplemented with 10 kg/day of concentrates Os, 50s and 100s. Concentrate energy source had little effect (P > 0·05) on ME intake, energy output or on the efficiency of utilization of ME for lactation (k1). In experiment 3, the effect of concentrate energy source on silage preference was examined in a factorial design experiment involving 12 lactating dairy cows. Silages B, C and D were supplemented with concentrates Os, 50s and 100s. Concentrate energy source did not alter (P > 0·05) silage preference. It is concluded that with silages of differing fermentation and intake characteristics but of similar digestibility, concentrate energy source had no effect on feeding behaviour, silage preference or energy utilization. Furthermore there was no evidence of concentrate energy source by silage type interactions on silage feeding behaviour and preference, or energy utilization.
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Keady, T. W. J., C. S. Mayne, and D. J. Kilpatrick. "The effect of maturity of maize silage at harvest on the performance of lactating dairy cows offered three contrasting grass silages." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200012850.

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Recent developments in maize breeding and in agronomic practices, particularly the development of degradable full cover plastic mulch, have resulted in the possibility of consistently producing high yields of high starch maize silage in Northern Ireland. However, there is considerable variability in the quality of maize and grass silages produced. In a recent study Keady et al. (2002) concluded that the highest yield of fat and protein from dairy cows was obtained from maize silage ensiled at approximately 30% dry matter (DM) when offered as 40% of the forage component of the diets consisting of either medium or high feed value grass silages supplemented with concentrates. Also Keady et al. (2002) concluded that replacing 40% of the grass silage component of the diet with maize silage had a concentrate sparing effect, as determined for milk yield, of up to 1.9 kg/cow/d. The objective of the current study was to examine further the effect of maturity of maize silage at harvest on the performance of dairy cattle offered grass silages differing in feed value. The potential concentrate sparing effect of contrasting maize silages was also examined.
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Aronen, Ilmo, Martti Lampila, and Helena Hepola. "Comparison of diets based on grass silage, hay or oat straw supplemented with four levels of concentrates in the feeding of growing Ayrshire bulls." Agricultural and Food Science 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72684.

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This experiment was conducted during three consecutive years with 144 Ayrshire bulls of an initial age of 185 days and live weight of 186kg. The experimental period lasted for 224 days. The ad libitum fed roughages were grass silage, hay and oat straw, each supplemented with four levels of concentrates, the number of treatments thus being 12. Daily supplements of concentrates were 0,1, 2 or 3 kg on grass silage feeding, 1,2, 3 or 4 kg on hay feeding and 2,3, 4 or 5 kg on straw feeding. Barley was used as a concentrate on grass silage feeding, but part of it was replaced by rapeseed meal and urea in the hay and straw feeding groups to balance the nitrogen intake. An increase in concentrate intake was found to decrease the roughage intake with each type of roughage, but the total intake of dry matter (DM) was increased. Increasing the level of concentrates enhanced both the rate of daily live weight gain (LWG) and carcass gain. However, 2 kg more concentrates was needed on hay feeding than on grass silage feeding to obtain similar carcass gain. On straw feeding, 4 kg of concentrates was not sufficient to obtain a comparable carcass gain as with grass silage alone. The response to concentrate supplementation on grass silage feeding indicated, however, that the growth potential of the bulls receiving silage alone or silage with small amounts (1 or 2 kg/day) of concentrates was not completely utilized. The study showed that LWG is an inadequate measure of animal performance when diets with different fill characteristics are compared. With coarse diets, a relatively large proportion of LWG is rumen contents. Comparisons of animal performance and feed conversion should, instead, be done in terms of carcass gain.
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Kim, E. J., A. Cooper, D. S. Parker, J. M. Dawson, P. J. Buttery, M. S. Dhanoa, and N. D. Scollan. "Performance responses and partitioning of nutrients in steers fed on either grass silage or grass silage and concentrate at similar levels of metabolisable energy intake." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2000 (2000): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200000752.

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It is generally accepted that diets for beef cattle containing a high proportion of grass silage compared to concentrates may result in poorer performance responses (intake, liveweight gain). Scollan et al. (1999) reported that in comparison to feeding grass silage alone, supplementing with additional concentrates increased growth rates, but the animals achieved the same amounts of carcass protein whilst depositing more fat. This study examined the effect of feeding a grass silage alone compared to silage and concentrate at the same level of metabolisable energy (ME) intake on animal performance and body composition.
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Keady, T. W. J., C. S. Mayne, and D. A. Fitzpatrick. "The effects of concentrate energy source on milk composition of lactating dairy cattle offered grass silage." BSAP Occasional Publication 25 (2000): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146398150004070x.

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AbstractTwo partially balanced change-over design experiments were undertaken to examine the effects of concentrate energy source on milk yield and composition of lactating diary cows offered a diverse range of grass silages. A total of nine silages differing in fermentation digestibility and intake characteristics were produced in experiments 1 and 2. Silage dry matter (DM) concentration ranged from 170 to 473 g/kg, ammonia nitrogen ranged from 58 to 356 g/kg nitrogen, digestible organic matter in the DM ranged from 551 to 724 g/kg and silage DM intake potential ranged from 57 to 103.8 g/kg w0.75 respectively. In experiment 1, 5 concentrates were formulated to contain similar concentrations of crude protein (CP), effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP), metabolizable energy (ME) and digestible undegradable protein (DUP) while three concentrates were formulated in experiment 2 to contain similar concentrations of CP, ME and DUP. The concentrates were prepared using barley, wheat, sugar beet pulp and citrus pulp as energy sources and formulated to achieve a wide range of starch concentrations. Starch concentrations ranged from 50 to 384 g/kg DM and 22 to 273 g/kg DM in experiments 1 and 2 respectively. There were no concentrate energy source by silage type interactions for silage intake, milk yield and composition. It is concluded that increasing starch intake resulted in positive and negative linear relationships for milk protein (P<0.001, R2 = 0.96) and fat (P<0.001, R2 = 0.85) concentrations respectively. Concentrate energy source had no effect on silage DM intake or milk yield.
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Keady, T. W. J., C. S. Mayne, and D. A. Fitzpatrick. "An examination of the effect of concentrate energy source on rumen fermentation characteristics of dairy cattle offered grass silages of differing intake characteristics." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1999 (1999): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200003720.

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Recent dairy cow production studies (Keady et al, 1998a, b) have indicated that energy source (starch v fibre) in the concentrate did not alter silage intake or milk yield of lactating dairy cattle offered a range of grass silages. However in both studies increasing the level of starch in the concentrate increased milk protein concentration and tended to decrease milk fat concentration. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of concentrate energy source on rumen fermentation characteristics of dairy cattle offered three grass silages.Three silages were produced from predominantly perennial ryegrass swards after 39 day regrowth intervals. Silages A and C were ensiled from primary regrowths treated with an inoculant while silage B was ensiled from a secondary regrowth untreated. Silage A was wilted for 24 hours prior to ensiling while silages B and C were ensiled direct. Two concentrates, 0s and 100s were formulated to contain different starch concentrations but similar concentrations of crude protein, metabolisable energy, digestible undegradable protein and effective rumen degradable protein.
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Keady, T. W. J., C. S. Mayne, D. A. Fitzpatrick, and M. Marsden. "The effects of energy source and level of digestible undegradable protein in concentrates on silage intake and performance of lactating dairy cows offered a range of grass silages." Animal Science 68, no. 4 (June 1999): 763–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800050797.

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AbstractThe effects of energy source and level of digestible undegraded protein (DUP) in concentrates on silage intake and performance of lactating dairy cows, offered one of a range of grass silages differing in digestibility and intake characteristics, were evaluated in a partially balanced change-over design experiment involving 48 cows. Four silages were prepared using differing management practices prior to and during ensiling. All silages were treated with an inoculant additive. For silages A, В, С and D, dry matter (DM) concentrations were 199, 320, 313 and 223 (s.e. 4.6) g/kg, pH values 3.82, 4.03, 4·03 and 5·27 (s.e. 0.056), ammonia nitrogen (N) concentrations 58, 122, 66 and 356 (s.e. 13.2) g/kg total N and in vivo DM apparent digestibilities 077, 0.75 , 0.60 and 0.60 (s.e. 0·013) respectively. When offered as the sole diet to 12 dairy cows in a partially balanced change-over design experiment, silage DM intakes were 14.7, 14.7, 12.7 and 10.5 (s.e. 0·36) kg/day respectively for silages А, В, С and D. Six concentrates containing three starch concentrations, each at two levels of DUP, were formulated to have similar concentrations of crude protein, metabolizable energy (ME) and fermentable ME. For the low and high starch concentrates and low and high levels of DUP, starch concentrations were 22·5 and 273 g/kg DM and DUP levels were 44 and 60 g/kg DM respectively. Silages were offered ad libitum supplemented with 10 kg fresh concentrate per head per day. For silages А, В, С and D, DM intakes were 10.8, 11.2, 10·7 and 9·1 (s.e. 0·26) kg/day and milk yields 29.0, 27.6, 27.1 and 25.7 (s.e. 0.69) kg/day respectively. With the exception of milk protein concentration there were no significant (P> 0.05) silage type by concentrate energy source and/or level of DUP interactions on silage intake, milk output or composition. Concentrate energy source had no effect (P> 0.05) on silage DM intake, the yields of milk, fat, protein or fat plus protein or milk fat concentration. However, increasing starch concentration increased milk protein concentration (P< 0·001), urinary allantoin concentration (P< 0·01) and diet apparent digestibility (P< 0·001). Altering concentrate DUP level had no effect (P> 0·05) on silage DM intake, yields of milk, protein, fat or fat plus protein, milk f at concentrations or diet apparent digestibility. Increasing the level of DUP decreased milk protein (P< 0·05) concentration. It is concluded that with silages of varying digestibility, fermentation and intake characteristics, there were no concentrate energy source and/or level of DUP by silage type interactions on silage intake, milk yield or composition, or diet apparent digestibility with the exception of a silage type by concentrate level of DUP interaction on milk protein concentration. With out-of-parlour feeding of concentrates the results of the present study suggest that there is no evidence to justify the formulation of concentrates differing in energy source or level of DUP to complement individual silage types.
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McCabe, N. H., F. P. O' Mara, and P. J. Caffery. "Evaluation of maize silage in the diet of finishing steers." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (March 1995): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600029287.

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Interest in the production of maize silage in Ireland has increased in the last few years. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the performance of steers when fed maize or grass silage based diets ad libitum and supplemented with varying levels of concentrates.Sixty continental cross steers were blocked on the basis of live weight (av. initial weight = 617 kg) and breed (Charolais, Limousin and Simmental) and were allocated to one of the following six dietary treatments with 10 animals per treatment: A) maize silage-1 (sown under polythene) plus 2 kg concentrates (22% CP); B) 50:50 mixture of maize silage-2 (grown without the use of polythene):grass silage plus 4 kg concentrates (16% CP); C) maize silage-2 plus 4 kg concentrates (16% CP); D) maize silage-3 (as for silage-2 but with additive applied to control aerobic deterioration) plus 4 kg concentrates (16% CP); E) grass silage plus 4 kg concentrates (16% CP); F) grass silage plus 6 kg concentrates (14% CP). The steers were fed for 105 days during which live weight gains and group intakes were measured. After slaughter carcass gains were calculated (using an initial kill-out of 53%), kidney knob and channel fat weights were measured and carcass conformation and fat scores were taken.
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Fitzgerald, J. J., and J. J. Murphy. "Effect of maize silage quality in a mixed forage diet and the crude protein level in the concentrate supplement on milk production of dairy cows." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600033626.

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Good quality maize silage with a high starch content and DM digestibility when fed to dairy cows increased forage intake, milk production and milk protein concentration compared with grass silage or low starch maize silage (Fitzgerald, 1997). Due to the low crude protein (CP) content of maize silage compared with grass silage, additional protein supplementation is required in the concentrate. The optimum level of protein in the concentrate for maize silage based forages differing in starch content was investigated in this study.Three forages consisting of either all grass silage (GS) or mixed forages of grass silage and maize silage (40:60 DM mix) which contained either a low (LSM) or a high (HSM) starch content were offered ad libitum to individually fed dairy cows in early lactation (12 cows/forage). Each forage was supplemented with concentrates (6 kg/day) containing 180, 230 or 280 g CP/kg according to a change over design (3 periods of 3 weeks/period).
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Aronen, Ilmo, and Aila Vanhatalo. "Effect of concentrate supplementation to grass silage diets on rumen fermentation, diet digestion and microbial protein synthesis in growing heifers." Agricultural and Food Science 1, no. 2 (March 1, 1992): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72436.

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A 4 x 4 latin square experiment was carried out with four growing heifers, each with a rumen cannula and a simple T-cannula inserted in the proximal duodenum. The purpose was to study the effects of the supplementation of concentrate to grass silage on rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and digestion of organic matter (OM), fibre components and N. The diets were composed of grass silage alone (S); grass silage and barley (SBU, 50:50 % on dry matter (DM) basis); and grass silage, barley and protein concentrate based either on rapeseed meal (SBR), or meat and bone meal (SBM) (50:40:10). To make the diets isonitrogenous, 23 g of urea was given with the SBU diet. The supplementation of concentrates, irrespective of their type, increased the average rumen ammonia-N and total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and decreased the molar proportion of acetate. Inclusion of concentrates in the diet had a negative effect on the digestibility of cell wall constituents. The production of microbial protein and the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were not affected by the diet. It appears, therefore, that the supply of nitrogenous constituents for rumen microbes through ruminally degraded protein was adequate in silage feeding, and that no extra benefit, at the utilized level of application, was gained by the supplementation of any of the concentrates.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Concentrates and grass silage"

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Kasapidou, Eleni. "Vitamin E, selenium and meat quality in sheep." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271830.

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Robson, Alice Evelyn. "The effects of protein supplementation and forage to concentrate ratio on the performance and carcass composition of beef heifers offered grass silage-based diets." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336121.

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Kridis, Mansour S. F. "Energy evaluation of grass silage." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283846.

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Jacobs, Joseph Leonard. "Enzyme additives for grass silage." Thesis, University of Reading, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329306.

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Holden, A. N. G. "Some effects of silage inoculants on aerobic stability of grass silage." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382433.

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Pauly, Thomas M. "Heterogeneity and hygienic quality of grass silage /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5475-1.pdf.

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Jakhmola, Ramesh C. "Studies on ensiling of grass and straw mixtures." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1989. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU020961.

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The present series of experiments were carried out to determine the effect of i) ensiling straw and grass in various proportions, on chemical composition and nutritive value of silage, ii) homogeneity of mixing of grass and straw on fermentation quality and nutritive value of silage, iii) urea and/or enzyme treatment of straw on chemical composition and nutritive value of grass+ straw silage, and iv) co-conservation of grass-straw on nutritive value of straw. In some experiments feeding value is assessed in the laboratory, and in others by actual feeding trial. In addition a method was developed for determining water in silages using near infrared transmittance spectroscopy. Mixing straw with grass during ensiling diluted crude protein but increased the cell wall constituents. Straw modified fermentation, and more lactic acid and acetic acid were produced in grass+ straw silage than grass-only silage. The fermentation was also affected by the type of grass. The concentrations of ammonia were higher and lactic acid and acetic acid were lower in the silages made from grass/legume than that from only grass. A thorough mixing of grass+ straw is required because ensiling grass and straw in alternate layers increased butyric acid content in silage. Animals ate 22% less dry matter from the silage made in layers than from that made from thoroughly mixed grass+ straw. However, more intensive mixing of grass and silage was not beneficial, as it reduced the digestibility of nutrients and only slightly increased dry matter intake. Increasing the proportion of straw in grass+ straw in a grass+ straw silage reduced intakes of dry matter and digestibility of nutrients. Treatment of straw with urea (60 g/kg straw DM) increased lactic acid content and reduced the contents of cell wall constituents. Urea increased intake and digestibility of nutrients, but enzyme had small effect on intake and digestibility of nutrients by sheep. However, a combination of urea and enzyme was most effective, and increases in the intake of dry matter and digestibility of nutrients were significantly greater in these silages than those treated with either urea or enzyme. The straw composition of cell wall constitutents from straw occurred during ensiling. A method developed for determination of water using NITS is fast and reliable. The model uses the absorbance ratio (OD at 1940 nm/OD at 2284 nm) as a predictor of water in dimethyl sulphoxide which was used to extract water from silages.
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Greathead, Henry M. R. "Fat and protein metabolism in cattle fed on grass silage." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339657.

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Nsereko, Victor Leonard Joseph. "Peptidase inhibitors as additives for ensilage : effects on silage characteristics with reference to peptide nitrogen." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1996. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU079015.

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Novel approaches to manipulating proteolysis in ensiled perennial ryegrass (PRG) were investigated. The effects of the following on nitrogen (N) distribution in silage were investigated: E- 64, a specific cysteine-peptidase inhibitor (CPI); pepstatin A a specific aspartic-peptidase inhibitor; cystamine dihyrochloride (CYS) and N-ethylmaleimide, general CPIs, and formic acid (FA). Treatment with FA or CPIs reduced total soluble N, as a result of reduced proteolysis, and FA and CYS treatments increased peptide N concentrations (determined using fluroescamine or ninhydrin assays, and by amino acid analysis) compared to the control. Pepstatin A had little or no effect on the N constituents of silage. Characterisation of silage peptides using Sephadex G-25 suggested that they were predominantly di and tripeptides, with a small proportion of longer peptides (>7 amino acid residues). Forty additional compounds were screened for their efficacy as inhibitors of proteolysis in aqueous extracts of PRG. Five selected compounds were applied to PRG at ensilage: TPCK, a non specific CPI; chelators, 1,10-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ); bestatin, a metallo-peptidase inhibitor; and N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester (ATEE), a serine-peptidase inhibitor. When compared to the control, TPCK and 1,10- phenanthroline reduced total soluble N and increased peptide N concentrations; 8-HQ increased only peptide N concentrations. These chelators also restricted fermentation. The effects of Trypticase (peptides produced by enzymic hydrolysis of casein), silage extracts and N fractions prepared from silage extracts by cation exchange chromatography, as sources of N, on the growth of rumen bacteria, Megasphaera elsdenii, Prevotella ruminicola and Selenomonas ruminantium, supplied with glucose as an energy substrate in vitro, were investigated. No growth was observed on media containing extracts from silages produced in the presence of chelators but all bacteria grew on purified N fractions. Increasing silage peptide N therefore did not enhance microbial growth but for some treatments, silage N supported faster growth than Trypticase.
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Al-Rwidah, M. N. "The consequences of ensiling grass with absorbent materials." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382427.

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Books on the topic "Concentrates and grass silage"

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O'Gorman, Cathal. Evaluation of maize silage and grass silage for finishing steers and heifers and the effects of concentrate quality on the performance of finishing heifers. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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O'Kiely, Padraig. Grass silage. Dublin: An Foras Talúntais, 1987.

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Bourke, Michael J. Evaluation of the Feeding Value of Maize Silage and Grass Silage for Dairy Cows. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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O'Donnell, Colm. The mechanical properties of grass silage in relation to effluent production potential. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1996.

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Fisher, L. J. Grass, legume, and cereal silages for ruminants. Ottawa, Ont: Communications Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1985.

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Flynn, J. Effect of cow breed type and parity on voluntary intakes of grass silage and performance of cows and calves. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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Kristensen, V. Friis. Kvælstofgøodskningens indflydelse på proteinværdien af græsensilage til malkekøer og på mælkens kvalitet =: Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the protein value of grass silage for dairy cows and on the quality of milk. København: Statens planteavlsudvalg og Statens husdyrbrugsforsøg, 1987.

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Kristensen, V. Friis. Betydningen af tidspunktet for 1.slæt i græs for græsudbytte og - kvalitet og for ensilageoptagelse og produktion hos malkekøer =: Effect of cutting time on yield and quality of grass and on silage intake and milk production in dairy cows. [København]: Udgivet af Statens Planteavisforsøg og Statens Husdyrbrugsforsøog, 1990.

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Grass silage: Quality and feeding. Alnwick: M.A.F.F., 1988.

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Great Britain. Meat and Livestock Commission. Beef Improvement Services., ed. Beefplan results for calf rearing,cereal beef and grass silage beef. Bletchley: Meat and Livestock Commission, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Concentrates and grass silage"

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Jaster, E. H. "Legume and Grass Silage Preservation." In Post-Harvest Physiology and Preservation of Forages, 91–115. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub22.c5.

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O’Brien, Martin. "Mycotoxigenic Fungi on Baled Grass Silage in Ireland." In Mycotoxins in Food, Feed and Bioweapons, 51–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00725-5_4.

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Alvemar, Hans, Hans Andersson, and Hans Henrik Pedersen. "Profitability of Controlled Traffic in Grass Silage Production." In Progress in Precision Agriculture, 147–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68715-5_7.

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Setälä, J., T. Moisio, and A. Rauramaa. "Use of Inoculants and Enzymes as Grass Silage Additives." In MILK the vital force, 176. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3733-8_147.

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Yoshii, Takahiro, Tairo Oshima, Saburo Matsui, and Noboru Manabe. "A Composting System to Decompose Radiocesium Contaminated Baled Grass Silage." In Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (III), 51–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3218-0_6.

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Collins, M., and C. C. Sheaffer. "Harvesting and Storage of Cool-Season Grass Hay and Silage." In Cool-Season Forage Grasses, 297–319. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr34.c10.

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Putra, Ryan Aryadin, Cuk Tri Noviandi, and Nafiatul Umami. "In Vitro Digestibility of Native Grass Silage Supplemented with Leucaena leucocephala." In Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Tropical Agriculture, 225–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97553-5_23.

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Alfarjani, Fatma, Ayad K. M. Aboderheeba, Khaled Benyounis, and Abdul-Ghani Olabi. "Modelling Anaerobic Digestion Process for Grass Silage After Beating Treatment Using Design of Experiment." In Causes, Impacts and Solutions to Global Warming, 675–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7588-0_35.

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Taha, Vahel Jaladet. "Using a Mix of Three Microbial Strains on Fermentation and Aerobic Stability of Grass Silage." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 101–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18641-8_7.

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Huhtanen, Pekka. "Advances in feeding grass silage." In Improving grassland and pasture management in temperate agriculture, 397–424. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2017.0024.19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Concentrates and grass silage"

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"A Review of Biogas Production Optimization from Grass Silage." In International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Advanced Computational Technologies. International Institute of Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iie.e1114023.

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Zhu, Lu, Decheng Wang, Yong You, and Xuening Zhang. "Design and optimization of king grass silage harvesting cutting blade." In 2021 ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, July 12-16, 2021. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202100162.

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Freitas, Flávio, Osvaldo Jose Venturini, Electo Eduardo Lora, and Jean Agustin Velasquez Pinas. "ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM CO-DIGESTION OF SWINE MANURE WITH CORN SILAGE, ELEPHANT-GRASS (PENNISETUM PURPUREUM) SILAGE AND CHARCOAL." In COB2019. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-1817.

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S, Wimalasiri, and Somasiri S.C. "Ensiled Fruit Peels of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Papaya (Carica papaya) as an Animal Feed." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1003.

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One of the major issues for the development of the livestock sector in Sri Lanka is the unavailability of quality animal feeds. Thus, this study was carried out to prepare value-added silages using fruit peels for feeding livestock. Silage has been prepared using pineapple (Ananas comosus) and papaya (Carica papaya) fruit peels obtained from a fruit processing factory in Sri Lanka. Ensiling was done either in fruit peels only or in different combinations of fruit peels and chopped Hybrid Napier (CO-3 Pennisetum perpureum × Pennisetum americarnum) grass. The experimental design was a completely Randomized Design having ten treatments (T1 to T10) with two replicates per each. The treatments were T1 Papaya 100%, T2 Pineapple 100%, T3 Grass 100 %, T4 Pineapple 75%+ Papaya 25%, T5 Pineapple 50%+ Papaya 50%, T6 Pineapple 25%+ Papaya 75%, T7 Pineapple 20%+Papaya 70%+ Grass 10%, T8 Pineapple 30%+ Papaya 50%+ Grass 20%, T9 Pineapple 70%+ Papaya 20%+ Grass 10%, and T10 Pineapple 50%+ Papaya 30%+ Grass 20%. The fruit peels and grass were dried under shade, chopped, and mixed according to the different treatments. After 21days, representative silage samples from each treatment were analyzed for nutrient content, colour, odour, pH, and Ammonium Nitrogen (NH3N) content. The colour of all silages ranged from olive green to orange. All the treatments had a fruity smell. The pH values ranged from 3.41 to 4.04 in all treatments. The highest (p<0.05) crude protein (CP) content was in T3, and the lowest (p<0.05) was observed in T4 and T5. The highest (p<0.05) acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents were in T3, T8, and T10, and the lowest (p<0.05) was in T5 and T6. The highest (p<0.05) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content was in T9 (44.00±0.02%) and the lowest (p<0.05) in T2. The NH3N was not present in any of the treatments. Based on CP, ADF, and NDF contents, T1, T7, T8, T9, and T10 were selected for further studies with animals to select the best treatment.
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Сорокин, Александр, Alexander Sorokin, Елена Исаева, Elena Isaeva, Валентина Руцкая, Valentina Ruckaya, Елена Афонина, et al. "EFFECTIVENESS OF SILO PREPARATION OF LUPIN, FORAGE CROPS AND THEIR MIXTURES." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2019-21-69-91-97.

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Average long-term data of yield, dry matter and row protein content, nutritional value of silage samples made of green mass of single and mixed crops of narrow-leafed lupin BL -78-07, oat (var. Pamyati Bulavina), payza (var. Krasava), Sudan grass (var. Kinel-skaya 100) of different seeding rates are given. Annual data of silo description made of white lupin var. Alyi parus and Sudan grass var. Kinelskaya 100 of single and mixed crops of two sowing date are given too. The feed cost was determined based on calculation of total costs made from technological maps of single and mixed crops cultivation and silo laying under production conditions.
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Peets, S., W. C. T. Chamen, R. J. Godwin, D. R. White, P. A. Misiewicz, and P. R. Hargreaves. "<i>System design and the economics for Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) in grass silage production</i>." In 2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201700145.

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Miralestari, Mugi, Asep Sudarman, Sri Suharti, and Ahmad Sofyan. "Enhancing Physical-chemical Quality and Palatability of King Grass (Pennisetum Hyrid) Silage Treated by Combination of Water Soluble Carbohydrate and Legume Sources." In 3rd International Conference of Computer, Environment, Agriculture, Social Science, Health Science, Engineering and Technology. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010041602700275.

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