Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Concept de temps'
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Buder, Christian. "Les dimensions du temps : le concept de temps dans l'oeuvre de Hegel /." Berlin : Logos, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017657359&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textAllegretti, Stanislao. "Exaiphnès chez Platon : un temps hors du temps : génèse et fortune d'un concept." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0539.
Full textThe main purpose of the thesis is to identify and fill some gaps that are regularly found in the analysis of the Platonic concept of ἐξαίφνης. The word ἐξαίφνης, which appears 36 times in the Platonic dialogues, has primarily been examined and discussed in relation to what is said in Parmenides and, more rarely, in Symposium, Republic and Seventh Letter. However, as is known, the word is also found in Gorgias, Cratylus, Theaetetus, Statesman and Laws. Moreover, it is worth noting that a history of criticism about the concept of ἐξαίφνης has never been provided, mainly due to the chronological and interpretive difficulties relating to Parmenides. This absence brought on a fragmentation and discontinuity in the study of the concept and it often prompted specialists to see in this notion a secondary or imprecise aspect of the Platonic theory. Regardless of the correctness of interpretations that have been proposed over the centuries, my work clearly shows that all these exegeses share two fundamental limits: the former is a necessarily partial analysis, almost exclusively based on what is written in Parmenides, the latter is the absence of a historical perspective
Buder, Christian. "Le concept de temps dans l'oeuvre de Hegel." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0075.
Full textDaudon, Vincent. "Construction d'un concept de temps mathématiquement manipulable en philosophie naturelle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC241/document.
Full textBy looking for the law of centripetal force registered in the Mathematical Principles of the Natural Philosophy, Newton gave to time a status of privileged magnitude of natural philosophy. However, this one appears in a ambiguous way, sometimes discrete magnitude, sometimes continuous magnitude. Its mathematical manipulation, which rests essentially on the Method of first and last ratios and on the law of areas, lets appear a time of geometrical nature. Confronted, in the proposal x of the book II, with the resolution of the movement of a mobile which tests a resistance which is proportional in the square of its speed, Newton does not succeed in solving this proposal by means of the geometry. It is forced to resume its reasoning and to resort to an algebraic method in order to express in a just way the solution of this proposal, in which the time appears then under an algébraic shape, represented by a letter. So, from a geometrical time, represented by an element of space in the edition of 1687, Newton made an entity per se represented by a letter in proposal x of the 1713 edition. But it is to Varignon, who approached the proposals of the Principia by means of the differential calculus, that we owe the end of the "mathematization" and the finalization of the concept of mathematical time
Brac, de la Perrière Vincent. "Application du concept de symétrie Parité-Temps à l’optique intégrée." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS010/document.
Full textThe development of photonics during the pastdecades, enabled by the advent of nanofabricationtechnologies, witnessed the appearance of new types ofartificial materials such as photonic crystals,metamaterials, plasmonic circuits, and more recently the socalled “PT symmetry” structures. The characteristic featureof this new type of artificial structures is that though theyare described by non-Hermitian Hamiltonians theireigenvalues can still be real. In optics, several physicalphenomena are known to obey equations that are formallyequivalent to that of Hamiltonians in quantum mechanics.During this work, we investigated the design, fabricationand characterization of complex-coupled DFB lasers, withthe intent to apply Parity-Time (PT) symmetry to apractical device. The mode selectivity inside the cavity isbrought by the combination of a gain-coupled and indexcoupledBragg grating, under the form of respectively acorrugated waveguide and a metallic absorbing surfacegrating.Through the simulation of the mode evolution insideconventional DFB lasers and complexe-coupled DFBlasers using Ables matrix method, the advantages ofefficient mode filtering while keeping a low thresholdcurrent was observed. The specific phase shift of a quarterperiod, matching the PT-symmetric configuration, is foundto show highly asymmetric mode selection, with unidirectionalamplification in reflection.Index, gain and complex-coupled DFB lasers with differentphase shifts between loss and index grating profiles werefabricated, using photonics integrated circuits fabricationbuilding blocks: electron beam lithography and inducedcoupled plasma dry etching to name but a few.The characterization of the fabricated lasers shows areduction in threshold compared to equivalent third ordergain-coupled DFB lasers, and improved monomodeoperation and yield compared to third order index-coupledDFB lasers.Real and imaginary parts of the index modulation as wellas reflection spectral response was investigated by externaloptical probing of the laser cavities.The resistance of the CC DFB lasers to external opticalfeedback was studied. If results show an apparentcorrelation between the gratings phase shift and thefeedback resistance, but no significant improvement wasfound with regards to IC DFB lasers.This first milestone on the application of PT-symmetry tothe design and fabrication of DFB lasers provide interestingprospects on the improvement of existing technologies.This work reinforces the interest of this concept for thedesign of feedback tolerant DFB lasers, and theirintegration in an all PT-symmetric laser-modulator system
Miskiewicz, Wioletta. "La phénoménologie du temps : une reconstitution du concept de la perception." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040284.
Full textIn order to understand phenomenology, to follow its evolution, and be able to renew the analyses, knowledge of the evolution of some concepts turns out to be absolutely essential. We analyze in this thesis the relativisation of the radicality of phenomenological reduction, the dismissal of the theory of representation, the introduction of the concept of pure immanence, and the distinction between apodictic evidence and adequate evidence. We study the complex relationship between the different ways of phenomenology. In addition to those evolutions we study the modification of the concept of perception in the theory of time. Our reading of Vorlesungen zur phanomenologie des inneren zeitbewusstseins (with the theoretical background of the manuscripts on time) gave us the concept of apprehension set, which preserves its unity while being temporally extended. For Husserl this concept became a methodological tool for the description of the inner consciousness of time, the concept was represented by the many "figure of time", it depicts the workings of retentional modification, and the twofold intentionality of constitution. "Felt" becomes a relational concept where as "perceived" has temporal extension and the qualitative transformation from one to the other is made exhaustive by the constatation of the conscience of absolute time. The main problem revealed by our interpretation is that of the identity of the apprehension set along its continuity. The existence of this problem in fact strengthen our interpretation, since the problem of individuation becomes from a given moment the main subject of Husserl’s work (Bernau manuscripts)
Defever, Thibaut. "Un nouveau concept d’analyse biologique : la PCR électrochimique en temps réel." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS051.
Full textThe aim of this work is to develop a new method for detection of the DNA amplification during the PCR. This technique based on the electrochemical signal gives to the method advantages as reliability, low cost and amenable for miniaturization in contrast to the fluorescent techniques usually used, which are expensive, bulky and fragile. First of all, we present a state of the art concerning different methods used to replicate specific sequences of DNA by enzymatic reactions which are based on fluorescent methods. In this chapter, we pay particular attention to the real time PCR and other non-optic methods of DNA detection, especially electrochemical one. The first approach developed in this work is based on the catalytic oxidation of a triphosphate nucleoside by a redox mediator. The weak reproducibility of the measures made with the couple mediator/base, Ru(bpy)32+/dGTP, is due to the high potential of oxidation of the dGTP. Nevertheless, the proof of concept is done. Another couple: Os(bpy)32+/7-deaza-dGTP, with a lower potential of oxidation, improve the performances of the method. So it is possible to detect 30 aM of viral DNA but this detection limit is about 200 times worse than the commercial kit using fluorescent probes as TaqMan™. Then a new concept was proposed based on the utilisation of an osmium-complex DNA intercalator. Results obtained showed good performances compared with TaqMan™ probes in terms as detection limit or sensitivity. These results emphasize electrochemistry as a new tool to detect DNA by real-time PCR
Makhoukh, Abdennbi. "Essai sur l'espace et le temps chez Newton et Leibniz." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010596.
Full textNita, Adrian. "Métaphysique du temps chez Leibniz et Kant." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT5005.
Full textLe, Ny Marc. "Arendt:le temps politique des hommes : le temps comme dimension de la phénoménologie existentielle et politique d'Arendt." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070107.
Full textThe existential and phenomenological inspiration led Arendt to ascribe a decisive meaning to time in her analysis of the human condition. Labor is understood as a daily activity which we are compelled to carry out. Work is aimed at the production of things whose durability guarantees the permanence of the anthropical and shared world. Action is the experience of the irreversible of which men are capable do together. The other activities (thought, will, violence, etc. ) do not escape this general analysis. Arendt's thought provide an original understanding of human life, fundamentally structured by a plurality of temporalities : the daily time of labor and work, as well as the mutability which continuously shakes up the existence of men. This understanding implies a critique of the ontology of time one finds in traditional philosophy and phenomenology. This temporal determination of human life governs analysis of political phenoma. Though it, she is able to grasp the destruction of human time by the totalitarian regime. Revolution also proves to be a political event with a complex temporality, between beginning and duration, the law and authority. Finally, it leads Arendt to offer an hermeneutics of historicity of every age. This essay is an attempt to reveal the originality, the fruitfulness and the strength of Arendt's thought, owes a great deal to this attention to the temporalities of the homo temporalis
Benouhiba, Fatma-Zohra. "Leprocessus d’héritage et la dimension temporelle dans le SGBD Scrabble." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0031.
Full textTodays DBMS based on the relational model do not always offer a solution which satisfies the requirements of new data bases application. This justifies the actual development trends of the semantic and evolutive models. . These models are either object oriented models or extensions to existing models (relational, entity/association etc. . . ). In order to complete the model with functional dependencies, by means of new extensions, we merge research works in the field of dynamical data base management systems and extensions introduced in models for knowledge representation. The first part of this study consists of the use of the notion of specialization / generalization in order to define a simple inheritance mechanism, which is multiple and selective. This mechanism is represented by a set of inheritance rules and invariants. On the other hand, we propose a system for the management of the histories and dynamics of data. This fact allows as to introduce the time and to redraw the histories of evolutive objects. The system allows also the defining of a model for the evolution of data base; this latter being expressed in terms o evolution laws and time dependencies between objects. The second part consists in taking into account of inheritance within the dynamical context and to extend the definition language of the base structure and the query language
Antoine, Walter. "Le concept de proximité philosophique ou La raison en quête d'elle-même : sous-titre." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2028.
Full textWhat is proximity, or what is to stand near (of) yourself, (of) others, or (of) Nature ? Do we have to understand it the way every time or society do, through common motions ? We would then only rationalize every days talking, taking them together, structurating them, to bring together state of things and its relative stability. Our study, in a meditative way (we hear it as tracing a road : the German word erfahren suggest the idea of a journey) in one word as an metaphysical experience, will try to deconstruct this attitude, and will substitute a philosophical one. What does that mean ? We will look forward to see philosophy in its " essence ", as the essay of thinking and living a problematical proximity to ourselves, to others, and to Nature. All together we'll be take a look outside of the classical subject/object relationship, which is the first step that will lead us to see philosophy, and its first movement, as thought of the whole (totality) : philosophy as the way back to initial. But what is that " whole " or " totality " ? The " world " (as we say the whole world) as cosmos ? Is it the organic All ? Or do we have to see it as a sum ? There are different perspectives (just like the regard of the thinkers), and these are reflects of the infinite regards sent on Nature. So, in the second part of this work, after having taken a look to break of nihilism, we'll try to show how this endless questioning, that is philosophy, is moved by that question of questions : death. Isn't death a part of all of our human acts (that's working inside us), just as they are human ?
Bamba, N'galadjo Lambert. "Le Concept de "monnaie internationale" une approche par le modèle de la valeur-temps /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376025696.
Full textDietrich, Victor. "Affectivité et kairos : temps et décision, analyses phénoménologiques pour un nouveau concept de l'affectivité." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE2005.
Full textGonzález-Arroyo, Ramón. "Le concept de son en synthèse numérique." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082602.
Full textGaldeano, David. "Contribution à la commande corps-complet des robots humanoïdes : du concept à l'implémentation temps-réel." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20070/document.
Full textHumanoid robots are a rising trend, and are about to be sold to the public on a large scale, but for this to be possible it is necessary to make them reliable, secure and functional. This implies many improvements over the prior state of the art. A domain of improvement is the full-body control of humanoid robots. The objective of this thesis is to propose a control architecture for generating a bio-inspired full-body control. The main idea is to learn from human walking to replicate these movements on a humanoid robot. The proposed control solution uses the principle of kinematics task for four objectives: (i) the relative pose of the feet, (ii) the position of the Centre de masse (CoM), (iii) the orientation of the upper-body, and (iv) the joints' limits avoidance. Stability is enhanced by modifiying the CoM position by using a stabilizer based on nonlinear regulation of the Zero Moment Point (ZMP). The resulting approach is called hybrid kinematic / dynamic control architecture. This approach has been validated experimentally on two prototypes of humanoid robots for tasks such as squat and walking
Andary, Sébastien. "Contributions à la commande des systèmes mécaniques sous-actionnés : du concept à l'implémentation temps réel." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20110/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on non linear control of underactuated mechanical systems, thoses systems with less actuators than degrees of freedom. The internal dynamics of such system is often unstable making them particulary difficult to control. Thus specific care must be taken when designing controlers for such systems. The main contribution of this thesis is the design of two new control schemes for stable limit cycles generation on all coordinates of underactuated mechanical systems. First control approach is based on partial feedback linearization and reference trajectories optimization. Second approach is based on recent work on model free control,a control scheme which doesn't require prior mathematicalmodel of the controlled system dynamics. The proposed approaches are applied to an inertiawheel inverted pendulumtestbed. Several experimental scenarios are proposed, both in numerical simulation and in realtime implementation. Obtained results demonstrate the ability of both controllers to stabilize the system around stable limit cycles and to reject external disturbances
Podoroga, Ioulia. "Durée : le travail du concept dans la philosophie de Bergson." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30004.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to reconstruct the genesis of Bergson's concept of duration. The main interest is not in understanding what duration is, but rather in seeing how and by what means Bergson introduces it, argues for it, and makes it work. The method applied, that of "micro-reading", follows Bergson's texts closely in order to accentuate his modalities or techniques of thought. The study reveals that the concept becoming that never reduces itself to a particular function. The duration is not a given or a fact ; it defies objectification. Yet it is the sole organizer of the entire field of the Bergson's thought, defining its first and ultimate procedures
Juneau, Andrée. "Effet de l'emploi de la ligne du temps sur le développement du concept chronologie, comme élément du temps historique chez des élèves de 6e année." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29117.
Full textVert, P. E. "Etude, développement et validation d'un concept d'architecture électronique sans temps mort pour TEP de haute sensibilité." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165738.
Full textVert, Pierre Etienne. "Etude, développement et validation d'un concept d'architecture électronique sans temps mort pour TEP de haute sensibilité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF21740.
Full textDelmas, Sonia. "Penser le temps à partir des oeuvres de Gilles Deleuze." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100146.
Full textThinking about time through Gilles Deleuze’s writings reveals the indivisibility between actual corporeality (present of « effectuation ») and virtual incorporeality (time empty of « effectuation ») as an experience of eternity. Deleuze’s thoughts on time have been deeply influenced by two different kinds of philosophy. As philosophers of immanence, Spinoza, a thinker of God and of the experience of eternity, and Bergson, a philosopher of memory and duration of eternity of life, are his two allies. A description of this background forms the first part of my essay. The second part of the essay stresses the deleuzian distinction between Chronos, the corporal present (characterized as the living present) and Aiôn, time empty of effectuation (characterized as event time). My hypothesis can be summerized as follows : Heidegger’s interpretation of Kant had a significant impact on Deleuze’s elaborations of the concept of Aiôn. The third part aims at emphasising the temporal split between actual corporeality and virtual incorporeality in the field of language, in order to understand the deleuzian concept of Aiôn, not chiefly through the psychanalytic concept of the death instinct, but rather as the virtual that allows the present to pass by making history bifurcate
Vanhooren, Jérémy. ""Temps" et "espace" de la puissance : instantanéité et image dans la compréhension du concept en relations internationales." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81519.
Full textGervais, Catherine. "De l'agriculteur à temps partiel au ménage pluriactif. Exploration du concept de la pluriactivité agricole au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24620/24620.pdf.
Full textGervais, Catherine. "De l'agriculture à temps partiel au ménage pluriactif : exploration du concept de la pluriactivité agricole au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19213.
Full textMichel, Gilles. "Évaluation des algorithmes théoriques de traitement du signal appliqués aux micropotentiels des activités électrocardiologiques : nouveau concept d'analyse par cohérence temporelle." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4408.
Full textYuan, Dianfei. "Heidegger and castells: the concept of time in digital technology era." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/386430.
Full textIn this thesis, we use Martin Heidegger and Manuel Castells’ theories to study how the concepts of time and our awareness of time are affected by the development of digital technologies. We try to discuss the relations between time and technology. Firstly, we give a historical review on the development of the concepts of time. The history indicates that our consciousness of time is changing in digital age with the development of technology. It is our destiny to meet technology; we are in the technology of “enframing”. Both danger and power saving are coming together with modern technology, it’s impossible to avoid. Even if we are not meeting “digital technology”, there will be “other” kinds of technologies waiting for us. It seems that digital technology is an inevitable product; we cannot refuse it, so we have to do a self-examination so that been lost in the “timeless time” is the foregone conclusion. The conception of time either as an inner and subjective affection or as an objective and measurable reality has changed in the network society. In Heidegger’s opinion, temporality is the “meaning” of Dasein’s Being. When we treat time as a line, the number is related to the picture of movement. While we accturelly know that the clock is not the time, it is the symbol of time. Dasein’s temporality is “primordial time” (BT, 457). In Heidegger’s definition of the concept of time, our everyday experience of time is not the authentic time; but the time which filled the everydayness. Dasein is absorbed in its dealings with the ready-to-hand in everydayness. We apply a present-at-hand standard of measurement to a present-at-hand thing that we are measuring. Both time-reckoning and the clock are founded upon the temporality of Dasein, which may be shown entity ontologically (BT, 470). In Heidegger’s words there are “wrong time” and “right time”: right or wrong time to do things in our everyday. As time is measured by human beings’ everyday life, the time line is becomes meanful. Manuel Castells suggests that we are living in a network time or in his words a “timeless time” that belongs to the space of flow. Following Castells’ theory of timeless time, we analyze the phenomenon of time in the digital age, and discuss the concept of timeless time by describing time compression and rhythm breaking. The results obtained in this thesis are that the concept of time and human awareness of time has changed by the digital technology. While, on the contrary, digital technology is transforming time, time is used, managed, perceived, and disciplined. The aim of this research is to show the fact that the network time plays a wider role than the real time, but it is always interrelated to the technical obsession with temporal acceleration. Actually, the real time is a fundamental misnomer; the understanding of the network time starts much more temporal possibilities.
Coelen, Vincent. "Concept intégré pour la curiethérapie robotisée de la prostate." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10085/document.
Full textProstate cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence in humans over the past decade. Several treatments are used nowadays for lute against this cancer; among them we find the technique of targeted therapy of brachytherapy. This offers significant advantages, better tolerated by the patient and not requiring a long hospitalization. The objective of this thesis is to design an integrated system for the robotization of prostate brachytherapy. This integrated concept includes robotic systems, intelligent instrumentation and software for control and supervision. The proposed solution consists mainly of adaptation of a medical gripper to a robot arm, with integration of virtual simulation for real-time control and monitoring. The description of this solution is made in three parts. The design of the medical gripper is based on modular, scalable and transferable solution. A model based monitoring approach has been integrated into this concept, to oversee the correct functioning of the actuators of the robotic system in real time, during the intra-operative period. Experimental results were performed on a set of phantoms in the laboratory using industrial robot
Lamarche, Vincent. "Constance et temporalité selon Platon." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040054.
Full textIn spite of what the divisions of the Timaeus (27d) might suggest, Plato grants dignity and constancy to temporal beings, by allowing, thanks to a double "parricide", the possibility of an intermediate between the status he reserves to the intelligible and the one attributed to the tangible world by the relativists. In the existence of time and in our participation in its "forms" (the "was" and the "will be"), he sees an evidence of the interaction between "being" and "becoming", and a sign of divine concern. In the Philebus and in the Parmenides, he conceives time as a "mixture" of "limit" and "infinity", and settles the intelligibility of temporal becoming by means of distinctions which seem to announce Aristotle’s physics
Poyet, Julia. "Dimensions des représentations du concept de Temps dans treize classes du préscolaire et du premier cycle du primaire au Québec." Thèse, Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3587.
Full textSince September 2002, elementary schools in Quebec have to use a new series of programs with a new content. In the first cycle, in social universe, the competence that is targeted is "Building its representation of space, time and society" (MEQ, 2001). But we know that to build a teaching with the aim to guide an individual in the construction of his/her representation, it is necessary to be aware of the initial representations of the object. But what are the representations of time for students in kindergarten and in the first cycle in elementary school in Quebec? That is the question we are asking in this thesis. To answer this question, we sought to express the time by proposing a theoretical reflection on its essence and analyzing the sense that it takes in the program. Our methodology identified the dimensions of these representations in the verbalization of 164 subjects in kindergarten and in first and second year of elementary school, spread over 13 classes in Montreal. Through this research, we would be able to provide researchers and educators with a new list of dimensions of time representations adapted to the current educational system in Quebec as well as to express the representations of time from the classes that we have visited. Finally, thanks to these results, we will be able to suggest a few remarks and principals on how to teach time in classrooms.
Choquette, Stéphane. "Caractérisation du temps actif en réadaptation gériatrique preuve de concept d'une approche de mesure basée sur des capteurs sans fil." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/864.
Full textSlimani, Ahmed. "La modernité du concept de nation au XVIIIème siècle (1715-1789) : apports des thèses parlementaires et des idées politiques du temps." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32054.
Full textDelonca, Mélanie. "Développement d'un nouveau concept de cible pour faisceau de protons au CERN/ISOLDE." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0278/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to design a liquid target able to account for the stress induced by the impact of a highpower proton beam (of the order of GW in few ms) and to optimize the isotopes production of species with short half-life (here, the isotope of interest is a Mercury one, with a half-life of 130 ms). The objective is to improve the extraction of elementary particles of interest for physicists. The thesis was mainly conducted at the CERN (Geneva, Switzerland).More and more, the power of primary beam sent onto targets increases until reaching several kiloWatts of magnitude, inducing new problematic and challenges. Consequently, the need of new target design arises and leads to new conceptual design proposal. Amongst them, a concept of Lead Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) loop target making use of an heat exchanger (HEX) and a pump has been proposed during the European project EURISOL Design Study. This concept proposed an improvement in terms of release efficiency of short-lived species by transforming the irradiated liquid into droplets shape. This thesis presents the development of this target design proposal. A prototype target has been developed and will be tested under proton beam at ISOLDE at CERN. Several analytical tools for the study of this kind of targets are proposed, taking into account different design parameters. These tools can be applied for other high power target concept and allow an easy dimensioning of this kind of targets. As well, an innovative heat exchanger is developed, allowing to extract constant power out of the target for different LBE temperature. The proposed target design is validated thanks to different numerical and analytical tools while experimental tests have been conducted in order to assess the droplet formation feasibility. These tests prove that a shower of droplets of 400 ¿m is possible. The developed target is the first one combining a diffusion chamber where a shower is created combined with a pump and a HEX. The concepts of this design could be applied for similar targets that could be developed in other facilities
Ashglaf, Mohmed Omran. "Development of Hybridization concept for horizontal axis wind / tidal systems using functional similarities and advanced real-time emulation methods." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMLH07/document.
Full textThe ability of conventional wind and tidal generation systems to provide the grid with reliable and stable power at all times is a new challenge due to weather fluctuations, which have a significant and direct impact on energy production. This is why the hybridization of wind and tidal power generation systems has been studied to improve the integration of wind and tidal power into the electricity grid.This study led us to develop contributions related to two main axes:The first axis is focused on a new concept of hybridization of two different energy sources in terms of physical properties, wind and horizontal axis turbines, based on an electromechanical coupling of these two systems. The two resources are wind energy and marine energy. The concept is developed using the functional similarities of turbines and similarities in energy conversion of their energy chains. To apply this concept first, the parameters of the double fed asynchronous generator installed in the GREAH emulator are identified. Then, the power conversion chain is modeled mathematically and simulated in a MATLAB / SIMULINK environment. We have developed two control strategies.A fixed speed strategy called "Direct Speed Control", and a variable speed strategy based on the search for maximum power, called "Indirect Speed Control". Finally, this concept has been implemented practically on the real-time emulator of the laboratory. The results obtained were analyzed and discussed following this work.The second axis is devoted to a concept called "accelerated time" simulation or "virtual time". Subsequently, this concept was implemented on the multi-physics emulator available at the GREAH laboratory. This concept (accelerated time) is based on reducing wind profile samples in order to decrease simulation time and facilitate real-time control.The main results are obtained first in MATLAB / SIMULINK, then verified on the emulator in real time.The main objective of this thesis is to study the concept of offshore wind / tidal turbine hybridization based on the flexibility of a multi-function emulator that allows various emulation architectures: wind turbines, tidal turbines, and hybrid wind - tidal turbines systems. We analyze its impact on the output power of the system; the obtained results are correlated with wind and tidal speed profiles, in which statistical properties impacting global power chains could be complementary and in particular in function of the given sites. Main contributions and perspectives- Development of the concept of electromechanical coupling.When two renewable energy sources are "integrated", the rapid fluctuation of the power generated is stabilized, but under certain conditions such as the presence of storage units or an automatic clutch system.- The accelerated time conceptThis method is used to reduce the size of the recorded wind or sea current data, to speed up the simulation time of the power generation units with reasonable results that are close to actual situations.- Study and develop the concept of electric shaft regime: If the electromechanical coupling is difficult to achieve from the mechanical point of view and the single shaft decouples are too frequent so high mechanical stress, one can study the electric shaft regime with two DFIG induction machines.There is a regime in which the ratios between the speeds of the different machines are rigorously constant. The system can operate in synchronous mode with specific structures and configurations
Kanoor, Abbed. "Phänomenologische Grundlegung der objektiven Zeit bei Husserl, Merleau-Ponty und Blumenberg." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040214.
Full textThe reduction of any pre-given form of temporality to the immanent time-consciousness is the starting point of the phenomenology of time. The questions to be answered are (1) whether it is possible to accomplish this phenomenological reduction, and (2) what are the consequences of the possibility or the impossibility of this reduction for the experience of time and for the phenomenological constitution of objective time. In our research we have thematized the phenomenological status of the world-time as a limit problem of phenomenology by relying on Husserl manuscripts in order to argue in favor of the possibility of the phenomenological reduction, and on the phenomenology of time of Merleau-Ponty and Blumenberg who problematize the possibility of the accomplishment of the phenomenological reduction of time in their critical approach to the transcendental phenomenology. While Husserl brackets the world-time and reduces the given time to the subjective experience of time, Merleau-Ponty and Blumenberg insist on the pre-donation of a general time as well as on its manifestation as a perturbation in the life of the subject. The natural past of the body (Merleau-Ponty) and the facticity of world-time (Blumenberg) are the undeniable aspects of the time-experience, which remain neglected in Husserl’s approach to the phenomenology of time. The time-appearance is not the continuous and homogeneous identification of the flow of absolute consciousness with itself, but a discontinuous movement
Taright, Yamina. "Contribution à l'analyse de la pollution atmosphérique chronique ou accidentelle : concept de nez électronique." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES001.
Full textRenoud, Loïc. "Vers une approche par concepts pour l'apprentissage des temps du passé en français langue étrangère dans le contexte de l'université au Japon." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2027/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the learning of the compound past (passé composé), imperfect (imparfait) and pluperfect (plus-que-parfait) in French as a foreign language (L2) by Japanese first language (L1) students at a university in Japan. In this context, a vygotskyan approach, known as “concept-based approach”, was experimented with for the teaching of these tenses. The concepts that are involved (time, aspect, tense phase) were initially introduced to promote a more conscious use, and enable learners to employ the tenses according to the intended communicative goal as well as L2 norms. Two implementations with second year students in 2012 and 2013, carried out over 21 weeks and 12 weeks respectively, are reported on. An analysis of the outcomes of these implementations in turn led to a shift in focus of the research problem to also account for the role of the L1 in the process of conceptualization. As a result, this required describing the process of oral enunciation, as it unfolds in real time, in the L1 and L2. A new hypothesis is then proposed that, at the moment of speaking, L1 mediated concepts are used by learners to constitute the conceptual level of the verb at the center of the L2 utterance. Furthermore, we suggest that the use of L1 corresponds to the development towards L2 conceptual structures. About thirty extracts from verbalizations, and peer and individual (think aloud) problem-solving tasks were analyzed, using a microgenetic method. The results show that learners engage in a specific metalinguistic activity on L1 forms involved in verbal construals. An interpretation is then proposed that by doing so, it enables learners to focus on the concepts of the Japanese language they consider adequate to form the conceptual level of the verb predicated in the utterance in French. Finally, suggestions are made to improve a concept-based approach for initial levels in this context, by taking into account this learning strategy and providing a frame for it
Kassab, Randa. "Analyse des propriétés stationnaires et des propriétés émergentes dans les flux d'information changeant au cours du temps." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10027/document.
Full textMany applications produce and receive continuous, unlimited, and high-speed data streams. This raises obvious problems of storage, treatment and analysis of data, which are only just beginning to be treated in the domain of data streams. On the one hand, it is a question of treating data streams on the fly without having to memorize all the data. On the other hand, it is also a question of analyzing, in a simultaneous and concurrent manner, the regularities inherent in the data stream as well as the novelties, exceptions, or changes occurring in this stream over time. The main contribution of this thesis concerns the development of a new machine learning approach - called ILoNDF - which is based on novelty detection principle. The learning of this model is, contrary to that of its former self, driven not only by the novelty part in the input data but also by the data itself. Thereby, ILoNDF can continuously extract new knowledge relating to the relative frequencies of the data and their variables. This makes it more robust against noise. Being operated in an on-line mode without repeated training, ILoNDF can further address the primary challenges for managing data streams. Firstly, we focus on the study of ILoNDF's behavior for one-class classification when dealing with high-dimensional noisy data. This study enabled us to highlight the pure learning capacities of ILoNDF with respect to the key classification methods suggested until now. Next, we are particularly involved in the adaptation of ILoNDF to the specific context of information filtering. Our goal is to set up user-oriented filtering strategies rather than system-oriented in following two types of directions. The first direction concerns user modeling relying on the model ILoNDF. This provides a new way of looking at user's need in terms of specificity, exhaustivity and contradictory profile-contributing criteria. These criteria go on to estimate the relative importance the user might attach to precision and recall. The filtering threshold can then be adjusted taking into account this knowledge about user's need. The second direction, complementary to the first one, concerns the refinement of ILoNDF's functionality in order to confer it the capacity of tracking drifting user's need over time. Finally, we consider the generalization of our previous work to the case where streaming data can be divided into multiple classes
Etienne, Arreguy Marilia. "Les crimes dans le triangle amoureux : une discussion psychanalytique mise en contexte historique à propos du concept d'émotion violente au droit pénal brésilien." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070028.
Full textThe following thesis has as its aim the advancement of an analysis of the Brazilian penal norms as they pertain to violent emotion, grounded on the study of the passionate criminal act. Its basis for study is a discussion concerning the psychic temporality of the act that sustains the distinctions within the juridical institution of violent emotion presented in articles 28; 65, III, c; 121 § 1° et 129 § 4° of the Brazilian Penal Code. From a genealogical construct the historical antecedents of such laws were targeted and then interpreted in light of psychoanalytic concepts and contributions from social anthropologv regarding the imaginary customs that nourish the profusion and judgment of crimes within the sphere of love. The work method hinged on a theoretical study in the deductive-constructive manner based on sources ranging from different theoretical/practical fields and on open interviews with Jurists and specialists on criminology, The concept of "Violent emotion" is not immune fo theoretical simplifications, given the emphasis placed on this dirnensîons of conscious culpability" within the penal law system, the predominance of interpretations linked to the psychic-physiological aspects of the drive, as well as the incipient weight placed on the unconsious, culturally determinant conditions of the criminal act among couples. In this manner, the text in tht referred articles may unduly serve for the lessening of sentences for crimes involving couples, just as tht due atttenuation of sentences may be overlooked when the defendant suffers from prolonged social and psychic deprivations comprised of a discontent often times dissociated from the time of the act
Jesus, Paulo Renato Cardoso de. "Poétique de l'ipse : temps, affection et synthèse dans l'unité du Je théorique kantien." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0096.
Full textThe Kantian "theoretical I" constitutes a unifying semantic unity wich produces itself epigenetically. Thus, this spontaneous - poetic - cognitive function appears to be both irreducible to a mere "logical form" and non-identifiable with a "substantial entity". The "I think", transcendental apperception, is a morphogenetic power-force wich unfolds as a continuous - virtually infinite - process of synthesis whose aim is the production of an organic system of knowledge. Its logical modality is necessity and its manner of acting is metaphenomenological ; "to must be capable of accompanying all my representations" means "to institute the act-form of all representation as such", namely their belonging to one and the same self. By questioning Kant with Hume, Leibniz and Fichte, this research attempts to elucidate the inevitable instability of the critical transition to a postmetaphysical Cogito
Daskalakis, Konstantios. "Le concept répétition du possible: Heidegger, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209715.
Full textDoctorat en Philosophie
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De, Coster Lotta. "L'acquisition et la construction de la notion de temps chez les enfants de 5 à 9 ans: perspective développementale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211139.
Full textDoctorat en sciences psychologiques
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Truchot, Pierre. "Peinture et durée : l'évolution sémantique du mouvement et du temps dans l'histoire de la peinture occidentale (de l'icône à la peinture contemporaine)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010582.
Full textMinatomichi, Takashi. "La mort dans la philosophie de Emmanuel Levinas." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010658.
Full textKassab, Randa. "Analyse des propriétés stationnaires et des propriétés émergentes dans les flux d'informations changeant au cours du temps." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00402644.
Full textL'apport de ce travail de thèse réside principalement dans le développement d'un modèle d'apprentissage - nommé ILoNDF - fondé sur le principe de la détection de nouveauté. L'apprentissage de ce modèle est, contrairement à sa version de départ, guidé non seulement par la nouveauté qu'apporte une donnée d'entrée mais également par la donnée elle-même. De ce fait, le modèle ILoNDF peut acquérir constamment de nouvelles connaissances relatives aux fréquences d'occurrence des données et de leurs variables, ce qui le rend moins sensible au bruit. De plus, doté d'un fonctionnement en ligne sans répétition d'apprentissage, ce modèle répond aux exigences les plus fortes liées au traitement des flux de données.
Dans un premier temps, notre travail se focalise sur l'étude du comportement du modèle ILoNDF dans le cadre général de la classification à partir d'une seule classe en partant de l'exploitation des données fortement multidimensionnelles et bruitées. Ce type d'étude nous a permis de mettre en évidence les capacités d'apprentissage pures du modèle ILoNDF vis-à-vis de l'ensemble des méthodes proposées jusqu'à présent. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à l'adaptation fine du modèle au cadre précis du filtrage d'informations. Notre objectif est de mettre en place une stratégie de filtrage orientée-utilisateur plutôt qu'orientée-système, et ceci notamment en suivant deux types de directions. La première direction concerne la modélisation utilisateur à l'aide du modèle ILoNDF. Cette modélisation fournit une nouvelle manière de regarder le profil utilisateur en termes de critères de spécificité, d'exhaustivité et de contradiction. Ceci permet, entre autres, d'optimiser le seuil de filtrage en tenant compte de l'importance que pourrait donner l'utilisateur à la précision et au rappel. La seconde direction, complémentaire de la première, concerne le raffinement des fonctionnalités du modèle ILoNDF en le dotant d'une capacité à s'adapter à la dérive du besoin de l'utilisateur au cours du temps. Enfin, nous nous attachons à la généralisation de notre travail antérieur au cas où les données arrivant en flux peuvent être réparties en classes multiples.
Deschamps-Le, Bugle Anik. "L'"Europe centrale" des français : vie et mort d'un concept géopolitique, 1803-2003 : approches heuristique et épistémologique pour une méthode d'analyse d'un espace-temps au regard d'une culture." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30057.
Full textThe French’s « Central Europe », the life and death of a geopolitical concept, a space-time as perceived by a specific culture is the subject-matter of the study, starting in 1803, when the phrase was coined, to 2003. Considered as a geopolitical concept devoid of relevance when the continent was politically bipolar, « Central Europe », seems to have lost its pertinence in the present background of Europe’s territorial recombining. In order to define the French vision of such a space-time, two types of sources are analysed: cartographers’ representations of «Central Europe» and conceptual developments in written documents. To tackle such heterogeneous data, including spatial divergences hardly comparable as they stand, the study relies on an quantitative and qualitative analytical approach, which, although it has been devised for dealing which the «Central Europe» space-time, can be transposed to any other space-time
Mamoudy, Olga. "La modulation dans le temps des effets des décisions de justice en droit français." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010263.
Full textNo english summary available
Cavalcanti, santos João. "Model Predictive Tracking Control of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots : From Concept to Real-Time Validation." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS017.
Full textThis thesis addresses the position tracking control of Cable-Driven Parallel Robot (CDPR) within the framework of the European H2020 project named Hephaestus. The main goal of this project is to develop a robotic solution for the installation of curtain wall modules on building facades. An essential requirement is that the CDPR should safely operate close to the system constraints. It was observed that state-of-the-art control schemes do not cope with this requirement. The control strategies used in the design of such schemes are not able to consider system constraints as an integral part of the main controller.Since Model Predictive Control (MPC) is one of the few control strategies able to explicitly handle the system constraints, this thesis is focused on the design and analysis of MPC schemes for position tracking of CDPRs. Two approaches are then proposed: a linear MPC and a nonlinear MPC (NMPC).The proposed linear MPC is based on a linear approximation of the CDPR dynamic model. The Experimental tests proved that the linear MPC may safely operate close to system constraints. This capability is validated by applying a desired trajectory that cannot be performed without violating the cable tension limits. In this case, the proposed linear MPC scheme is able to perform a trajectory tracking as best as possible while satisfying the cable tension bounds. Conversely, state-of-the-art control schemes are not able to suitably respond under such conditions. Comparing the behavior obtained with the proposed linear MPC and a state-of-the-art control scheme, one may conclude that the capability to operate close to the system constraints represents an important result related to the safety of the operation of CDPRs.Nevertheless, it was noted that the proposed linear MPC may be sensitive to increased nonlinearities. The precision of positioning tracking may be deteriorated for trajectories presenting relatively high velocities. Accordingly, an NMPC able to consider the system nonlinearities is proposed. In contrast to its linear counterpart, the stability of the resulting closed-loop system could be analyzed. Details on its numerical implementation are presented and the improved performance is validated through simulations.In addition to the design of MPC control schemes, this thesis also presents contributions related to the kinematic model of CDPRs and the control of cable tensions. A Forward Kinematic (FK) algorithm considering the pulley kinematics is proposed. An explicit expression for the differential kinematics enabled the implementation of a numerical solution of the nonlinear least-squares system representing the FK problem. Its convergence capabilities are evaluated experimentally and numerically.It is worth noting that the algorithms and control schemes proposed in this thesis were implemented in an industrial software, which demonstrates the applicability of the proposed solutions in commercial applications
Gucik-Derigny, David. "CONTRIBUTION AU PRONOSTIC DES SYSTÈMES NON LINÉAIRES À BASE DE MODÈLES : THÉORIE ET APPLICATION." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX30032.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the problem of a complex system prognosis. More precisely, it concerns the model-based prognosis approach and the thesis is divided into three main contributions. First of all, a definition of prognosis concept is proposed as a first contribution and is positionned in reference to the diagnosis and predictive diagnosis concepts. For that, a notion of temporal constraint is introduced to give all pertinence to the prediction achieved. It is also shown how prognosis is linked to the finite time reachability notion. The second contribution is dedicated to the use of finite time convergence observer for the prognosis problem. A prognosis methodology is presented for nonlinear multiple time scale systems. Then, a last contribution is introduced through the use of interval observer for the prognosis problem. A pronognosis methodology is proposed for nonlinear uncertain multiple time scale systems. To illustrate the theorical results, simulations are achieved based on a model of an electromechanical oscillator system
Swart, Bernarda. "Proust se geheuekonsep in Dutilleux se sonate vir hobo en klavier (1947) / Bernarda Swart." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/920.
Full textThesis (D.Mus.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.