Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Concept de travail décent'
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Percher, Camille. "Le concept de travail décent à l'épreuve du droit de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2110.
Full textThe concept of decent work has been presented by the Director-General of the International Labour Office, in 1999, as an International Labour Organisation’s priority objective enabling every woman and man to exercise an activity in conditions of freedom, equity, security and dignity. This concept brings together four independent pillars that are employment, social protection, social dialogue, respecting, promoting and realizing the fundamental principles and rights at work. In a new way, the ILO imposes a framework of action for all Member States. Depending on the socio-economic conditions in each Member State, the concept of decent work is likely to be defined locally while having a universal outline. The translation of the concept is facilitated through Decent Work Country Programs (DWCPs) under ILO technical cooperation, and indicators measuring decent work. The concept of decent work therefore appears as an objectif of universal scope and not as a legal norm. If ILO’s technical cooperation facilitates the achievement of decent work, its normative action is also essential. Normative action must also be directed towards the concept of decent work, as reflected in the Maritime Labour Convention adopted, in 2006, by the International Labour Conference and in the Convention n° 189 concerning decent work for domestic workers adopted in 2011. The concept of decent work, seen as a political slogan to give visibility to the ILO, weakened by the contexte of globalization, was criticized for its minimalist nature and ignored within the European Union. The confrontation between the concept of decent work and the law of the European Union reveals a paradox between the increase in indecent living and working conditions in favor of a strengthening of labor market law and market law and the commitment of all EU member states to be linked to the ILO Declaration of 1998. Yet, the current economic and social situation in the European Union raises the question of the need and possibility of integrating the concept of decent work, which reveals a particular approach to work, in European Union law. Reflection on humane conditions of labour centered on the values of social justice and human dignity makes sense in the current context of economic governance in the European Union and the austerity measures considering the work from the perspective of the market and trade. Social justice in the sense given to it by the Declaration of Philadelphia of 1944 and then the concept of decent work, that is to say the principle of action, is today indispensable for the protection of people and the environment. The current situation in the EU is therefore an issue for the ILO in its own ability to impose the translation of the concept of decent work into European social law and for the EU itself. The concept of decent work proposes solutions for normative action and thus it implies requirements for the legislator and the judge of the EU. Like the ILO, the EU must direct its normative action towards the concept of decent work to strengthen the place of fundamental social rights in the face of economic freedoms. This new approach requires the EU to build on ILO’ instruments, in particular on its conventions and declarations and on technical cooperation taking into account its specificities
Barry, Thierno Souleymane. "La protection des droits de l’enfant face au travail : la nécessité d’un changement de perspective par l’extension du concept de travail décent et l’application de l’approche basée sur les droits de la personne." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6003.
Full textBarry, Thierno Souleymane. "La protection des droits de l'enfant face au travail : la nécessité d'un changement de perspective par l'extension du concept de travail décent et l'application de l'approche basée sur les droits de la personne." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25728.
Full textTiabou, Tiomela Godelive. "Les effets de la libéralisation des échanges commerciaux sur les enjeux du travail décent : le cas du Cameroun." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT4006.
Full textIn Cameroon, like in many underdeveloped countries, the implementation of structural adjustment programs imposed by the international financial institutions as a condition for granting loans, led to a rapid and unprepared trade's liberalization. This situation has led to the increase of capital's movements and people's movements. Among this people, there are investors and workers. Workers have been weakened by the measures imposed by the IMF. According to these measures, the government had to stop recruitment in the public service and reduce existing staff. These measures also led to the downsizing in the private sector through layoffs. This situation has forced many workers to move to the informal sector, in which there is no social protection. The phenomenon of child labor has also increased. In fact, the wages of the parents had been lowered and they were no longer, able to provide the family welfare. So, working conditions have being generally deteriorated. Our study's goal is to show how the trade liberalization imposed by international financial institutions in the context of structural adjustment programs, led to the destabilization of the labor market. Then, it became more difficult to care about the concept of decent work. Yet, people who don't work in decent conditions are not able to sustainably contribute to the economic growth of their countries
Duchange, Grégoire. "Le concept d'entreprise en droit du travail." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020007.
Full textIn Law, the firm is the result of a complex amalgam of legal concepts (employment contract, legal personality, collective representation of workers, etc.). The systematic ordering of these ones is needed to perceive the coherence of the legal organization of that one. Guidelines emerge. Employment contract is the meeting of two parties whose interests are antagonists. But the release of the labor force of the employee, part of his person , and the sustainability of the contract require them to cooperate. This trend is reinforced by some mechanisms non implied by the nature of the employment contract. Are shared the control of the company (which involves the collective representation of workers) and of its benefits. Employees then become nearly considered as the stockholders are. The legal structure of the firm , however, is not fixed by dogma. Competing ideologies are shaping it. Some focus on purposes. The company is alternately used as a means for employment and for the will of the enterpreneur. Others focus on methods. Lawyers and economists try to organize the firm scientifically
Lussier, Martine. "Le travail de deuil : naissance et devenir d'un concept." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05A001.
Full textBa, Moussa Abdoulaye. "Le concept de travail en Mauritanie : de la loi à la pratique." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0692.
Full textPodoroga, Ioulia. "Durée : le travail du concept dans la philosophie de Bergson." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30004.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to reconstruct the genesis of Bergson's concept of duration. The main interest is not in understanding what duration is, but rather in seeing how and by what means Bergson introduces it, argues for it, and makes it work. The method applied, that of "micro-reading", follows Bergson's texts closely in order to accentuate his modalities or techniques of thought. The study reveals that the concept becoming that never reduces itself to a particular function. The duration is not a given or a fact ; it defies objectification. Yet it is the sole organizer of the entire field of the Bergson's thought, defining its first and ultimate procedures
Castejon, Christine. "L'enjeu philosophique et les limites du concept de justice." Paris 8, 2001. http://octaviana.fr/document/174494815#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textDerobert, Laurent. "Le concept de travail dans l'analyse économique : trois études historiques et épistémologiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32072.
Full textThe thesis is made up of three essays that investigate the concept of labour at three seminal moments in the constitution of economic analysis. What does labour represent in the works of Adam Smith, in those of Karl Marx, and lastly in those of Léon Walras and the marginalist analysis he preluded ? This is the theme of the triptych expounded. The methodical reading proposed consists in analysing the way the labour-labourer articulation is expressed in each work studied, i. E. In examining how each author represents the link and the distance between both terms of the articulation. The three moments of the development show that an analytical cut-off between labour and labourer, radical as well as fundamental, can be found in the premises of the three paradigmatic works in question : Smith initiates it in theory ; Marx, while criticising it in practice, inscribes it in the principles of his analysis ; finally Walras and the marginalist modelling institute it as a postulate. .
Cambus, Jean-Pierre. "Le concept de station de travail appliqué au laboratoire de biologie médicale." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30088.
Full textLallement, Audrey. "Travail, création et propriétés." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT3013/document.
Full textThe question of the ownership of creations originating from an employment relationship falls under property law, and especially under intellectual property law. The status of employee or civil servant is, indeed, linked to holding or exercising rights. However, it is property law that defines, on the bases of the object of a particular right and its uses, the content and the limits of the ownership. In the creation model, it is the right of ownership that guarantees the remuneration and the protection of the creator. On the contrary, the model of work appropriation designates the investor as owner, while the employee has a right to compensation and protective status. The two models are in opposition but can converge: they demonstrate personalism at different and relative degrees; both of them are oriented towards exploitation since these different rights of ownership are not idle ones. The particularity of objects dictates here the particularity of property regimes. In order to deal with the ownership of employees' creations, intellectual property law is torn between different directions: patent law is inspired by the model of work appropriation, whereas author's law is in favor of the creation model. Moreover, these two models are plural: positive law offers a lot of applications of the two models. Nevertheless, some general principles make it possible to consider a harmonisation of these regimes. Comparative law confirms the diversity of possible syntheses between the apparently diverging interests of the subordinate creator and the exploiting employer, reconciling them around the organisation of the exploitation and the status of subordinate creator
Kalay, Kisala Patty. "Le droit congolais du travail à l'épreuve de la déclaration de l' Organisation Internationale du Travail relative aux principes et droits fondamentaux au travail." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0018.
Full textThe Declaration on fundamental principles and rights at work adopted by the International Labour Organisation(ILO) in 1998, erected by « minimum social floor », eight international labour Conventions say « fundamental»on four themes: freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining,elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labor, the effective abolition of child labor and the eliminationof discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. Since 2001, the Democratic Republic of Congo, amember of ILO, has striven to ratify the set of « core conventions» of the ILO and to conform its nationallegislation. However, integration of these core standards turns on. The finding can be due to technicalimperfections and inconsistencies in laws and regulations, and especially of very important problems ofeffectiveness. Some socio-economic as political-institutional prerequisites do not yet seem together to give a realfoundation for fundamental principles and rights at work as envisaged by the 1998 Declaration. In addition, thecontent of the latter appears too limited compared to the concerns of Congolese workers and human rightswhich, in fact, they are not recognized. Paradoxically, if one is in DR Congo sometimes below expectations ofthe ILO Declaration of 1998, the reality of conditions of work and worker called to think about beyond theprinciples alone affirmed by the ILO Declaration of 1998
Niang, Mouhamadou Lamine. "Le droit de la sécurité sociale des Etats membres de l'Union Economique Monétaire Ouest Africaine, au regard des normes de l'Organisation Internationale du Travail : étude de droit comparé." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10005.
Full textThe compensation of the absence or the reduction of the earned income resulting from social risks to which are exposed the members of the community of States UEMOA knows limits. With regard to the standards of the International Labor Organization, the national insurance schemes which are inspired by the laws, statutory and conventional measures as a whole intended with the exception of the unemployment to protect the individual, are traced on the European model. The system of social security connected to the development of the wage-earner being the foundation of the minimum standard. The convention n°102 ratified by two States on eight of the UEMOA, Niger and Senegal, under the profit of dispensations, the acceptance of at least three eventualities is inconveniently taken back by the convention CIPRES, supposed to harmonize the legislations of social security of African States, while develops at present a new notion of the worker which does not limit itself any more simply to the employees, the notion which has a more restricted legal meaning. The consequence is that the national laws, very below international standards become also unsuitable. From the point of view of the personal field of application, the problem of the cover settles with all the more acuteness as the possibilities of an extension constitute an almost insuperable obstacle. States taken remotely cannot to them come only at the end of the limits connected to their level of development. Numerous solutions for the extension of the right of the Social Security were worldwide experimented. They offer a kaleidoscope of models getting organized around the institutions of foresight and social mutual insurance or the assistance. But the consideration of the respect for the dignity of the person which inspires in particular the right for a social coverage imposes to consider that the extension of the Social Security to those who lack it requires the joint action of States UEMOA which bases itself on the professional ethics not "by the industrial catching up", but by return in the missed stage, the primary, only sector to be able to underlie "a new social protect floor"
Cunha, Daisy Moreira. "La formation humaine entre le concept et l'expérience du travail : éléments pour une pédagogie de l'activité." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10001.
Full textTOUIL, AHMED. "La productivité du travail : concept et portée dans la détermination du niveau de l'emploi." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100056.
Full textFortino, Sabine. "Mixite sociale au travail et rapports sociaux de sexe : essai de transformation d'une notion en concept a partir d'une enquete menee dans deux organisations du secteur public francais." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070010.
Full textJacob, Béatrice. "L'incompétence : des origines d'un concept à son application dans la vie quotidienne : étude basée sur les données de la presse française." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H018.
Full textPerron, Michel. "Analyse de la transférabilité d'un concept québécois : la médiation préventive québécoise dans les organisations en France." Lyon 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO33017.
Full textKouassi, Kouadio-Olivier. "De la pensée d’Amartya Sen à l’approche ergologique : quelle contribution pour le concept de développement ? : du concept aux conceptions du développement." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3032.
Full textThe conception of development initiated by the former American President Truman is now including the human development, the durable development, and all the actuals development public politics, which have been thought from by the internationals development institutions in a globalizing perspective, by avoiding the human individual high valued and local realities. Besides, that economical reliant way of thinking concepts is justifying a significant economical growth. Moreover, in that vision, the notion of Liberty and Work are not considered as fundamentals in the development process. Liberty as “opportunity” and work as the «human activity » are fundamentals as a part of “the sustainable human development” selection criteria. This doctoral thesis based on the concepts of sens and ergology, wants to be seen as an alternative to the classical notions showing that, not only those mentioned concepts are leading the development but that development itself is more than just a concept, it’s a project, a way of life for every society which needs to be built, at the end of the day development couldn’t be a subject of a kind of valuation
Roullet, Cristophe. "Applications industrielles du laser et prévention médicale : évolution du concept de surveillance adaptée à l'évolution technique." Saint-Etienne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STET6411.
Full textEge, Ragip. "Le concept de liberté et la question de la production." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR10028.
Full textRoche, Alexis. "Reconnaissance et performance : proposition du concept de reconnaissance activatrice et d'un modèle intégrateur." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30011/document.
Full textRecognition affects every one in a lot of situation. Because it’s semantic complexity, the concept is not easy to clearly define and use it. Miscellaneous branches as : Philosophy, psychology, Sociology, Biology or Anthropology, are wondering by this concept of recognition. This concept is still used more and more by the Management Sciences. This period is marked by development of multiculturalism, the appearance of economic crisis, an increase of impersonal management of the human being and a loss of work sense. So, researchers and practitioners are thinking about the way over to set forth right recognition rules and about the costs created by the defects of recognition at work. Indeed, it becomes a necessity to place Man into the heart of the work and secure a mutual respect between the various actors, hierarchical or not.This research object is emerging in the field of Management Sciences. However, it is the basis of currents events, especially concerning the diversity management and the social responsibility. So, the subject is really at the focal point of moral stakes. Facing the impacts sourced by the depersonalization into the working organizations, more and more people from the bottom to the top of theirs hierarchy are questioning on the social and economic stakes coming from missing recognition and recognition management. This thesis aims at to place in an obvious position the strong links existing between recognition and performance, especially when the organizations want sustainable socioeconomic performances.The first part of the thesis clarify the abstract and methodological bases of these investigations and set out our experimentations fields. The recognition concept is approached under a polysemic and interdisciplinary angle. The justification of the methodology, the exploitation of more than 400 interviews from 12 organizations with the whole employee’s grades and the study of two longitudinal cases testify the robustness of the research work.The second part explain the socially constructed origin of recognition according to the history of each person. It analyzes its perceptive and symbolical aspects. We propose a list of the system of recognition and make an inventory of several transverse factors acting upon the recognition perceptions and their impacts on the feelings of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. At last, we study the influence of three variables : the organization size, the hierarchical level and the business branch, upon the recognition expectations.The third part analyzes two longitudinal cases and establishes links between recognition and performance. We estimate the costs connected to the bad practices in recognition and to the lack of recognition. We categorize two dialectical recognition systems into the organizations and bring results according to these practices. At last, we suggest some possibilities for a recognition enhancement aiming to develop sustainable socioeconomic performances by the elaboration of concept : « activating recognition »
Prevot-Carpentier, Muriel. "Les "conditions de travail" : proposition de modélisation pour l'usage : Entre épistémologie et philosophie sociale, un mode de traitement ergologique du concept." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3111.
Full textStemming from an issue concerning the creation of the observatory of the working conditions within the French National Employment Agency (ANPE) that we participated in as beneficiary of an industrial research grant (CIFRE), the thesis retraces the conceptual genealogies that led to the current views on the concept of « working conditions », which was institutionalized in France around 1970 but remain undefined. Initially structured according to a factorial understanding based on the division of labour, then extended using sequential design derived from taylorism, its meaning is progressively built during the nineteenth century through dialectics between rights-freedom and authority-domination which refers to a political understanding of the working conditions, subsumed from the early twentieth century’s rationalization movement by an organizational design of fully standardized or standardizable conditions. These conditions then tend to be exploited within institutional negotiations, being disconnected from continuously renewed dialectics between normative and normed in activity. This gap between the concept and real life is an epistemological usurpation which we propose to surpass using an ergological way of modeling the concept that brings visibility to multiple groups of debates regarding standards, and therefore values, from micro to macro in the social space. This renewed way of addressing the concept which benefits to those who work, could promote the emergence of alternatives left in the semi-darkness of the activity, potential sources of performance for productive groups
Eneau, Jérôme. "Vers une modèle d'organisation autoformatrice. Apports du concept de réciprocité à une perspective d'autonomisation en formation." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00588883.
Full textDurand, Christelle. "La régulation publique des risques professionnels : contribution sur l'émergence du concept de sécurité sanitaire environnementale." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT4009.
Full textPrevention and compensation for work hazards is regulated by two acts dated 1898 and 1946. The build up of the notion of work hazards has limited health issues at work to the work environment. Today, changes to the system imply a review of the of the regulations around the notion of "public sanitary order". The integration of social, health and environmental policies, imposed by EEC regulations, impacts on risk perception and therefore on the way to approach prevention and compensation. As damages are increasing and becoming of an international nature, questions around health at work need to be rethought and evolutions will have to include the notions of' "public sanitary order" and sustainable development. If sanitary safety is to become an overall target in the work place, two elements need to be present. Firstly, the right to health has to take precedent on contractual relationships and statuses. Secondly, the rising crisis in the work place contributes to widen public health's field to the concept of work hazards. That evolution imposes to clarify and define the links between health and environmental regulations. Work hazards allow for a positive cross over between social and environmental laws, both on fondamental and legal means, through the sanitary dimension. That cross over should not be seen as weakening the different law fields, but rather contributes to a more global and responsible approach on risks, including work hazards
Totchilova-Gallois, Ekaterina. "La relation entraîneur-entraîné en sport de haut niveau : analyse du concept de mentoring." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE2036.
Full textMercier, Gérard. "Explication et prise de conscience chez des apprentis métalliers." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H019.
Full textOur first part sets the relationships between the apprenticeship, the action and the explanation studied in a context of qualifying training. Ou aim has been to assess, from the point of view of development, hom apprentices conceptualize the knowledge subtending their professional scheme and develop a metacognitive activity into a dual relationship freeing itself from the supervision characterizing it. The concept of scheme, the theory of awarevess by j. Piaget, the works studying the relationships between cognition and verbalization, the studies on the mental image and the mental models, the reference of Bruner are our theoretical contex from october to june, we analysed the changes affecting verbalizations and graphic representations. The methodology is characterized by : a) situations of interviews before and after the making of an object in metal in the workshop b) the technique of interview focused on the descriptive elements of the situation, the actions and the object. C) The solution of the graphic representation d) the quantification, at the heart of the interaction subject - experimenter, of items grouped into two great categories, e) the attention paid to the emergence of metacognitive activities. F) The notrice of changes affecting the graphic representations and the impact of our research on the teaching practice
Gessler, Violène. "Évolution de l'engagement au travail, du concept de soi et des rôles substitutifs dans le processus de retraite des femmes." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1992. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5255/1/000600942.pdf.
Full textLaborie, François. "Le concept de salle de décision collective et son application aux processus complexes EADS." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30121.
Full textTremblay-Boudreault, Valérie. "Conception d'un outil de mesure de la charge de travail mentale dans le processus de retour au travail à la suite d'un trouble mental transitoire ayant engendré des incapacités prolongées." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6365.
Full textMuriel, Prévot-Carpentier. "Les " conditions de travail " : proposition de modélisation pour l'usage. Entre épistémologie et philosophie sociale, un mode de traitement ergologique du concept." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00925799.
Full textSenne, Lydia de. "Travailler pour vivre ou vivre pour travailler, ou, Les tribulations d'un concept, le cas du travail dans une communauté anthroposophique américaine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0017/MQ55849.pdf.
Full textFontaine-Dumont, Aurélie. "Les représentations professionnelles : analyse d'un concept en émergence dans le champ des représentations sociales : application à la représentation de l'hygiène." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084117.
Full textThis thesis has a dual purpose. On the one hand to provide some points for discussion with regards to the professional representation theory which remains an underdeveloped field of study in social psychology. For this first aim, we try (i) to highlight the specific and common features between social and professional representations and (ii) to explore the variables that may have an impact on the development of professional representations. On the other hand, the second purpose is to bring practical knowledge about hygiene in order to improve compliance with protocols in public and private organizations. To achieve those two objectives, we tested the effect of three variables: type of training, level of knowledge and frequency of practices. Professionals and nonprofessionals (researchers and technicians) participated in the study which took place in a questionnaire in the form of a verbal association task. Data processing was carried out by three additional analyses: prototypical, similitude analysis and three-compenential analysis. These results showed important distinctions despite a shared knowledge basis. We observed an impact of every tested variable which translated into a significant development of professional representations (contents and structures). We finished with (i) the advance of the thoughts related to the special features of professional representations compared with social representations and (ii) the impact of outcomes related to hygiene on professional trainings
Lecoeur, Chrystelle. "La notion d'intérêt de l'entreprise en droit du travail." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1059.
Full textThe company’s interest is an important concept sparking lively doctrinal debate. What is the company’s interest ? Plenty of lessons, doctrinal approach do not lead to a consensus of un unified definition. Pure creation from the case law, the concept is used to control the decisions and behavior of the parties concerning to the employment relationship. Though the reference to the interest of the company is explicit regarding to the foundation or the conditions of exercise of the employer’s power, it helps neverthelessly to regulate behavior and decisions made by the employee. All actors contributing to the operation of the company must act in consistency with the "company’s interest". In this regard, the apprehension of this concept goes to be plural and functional. Membership of employees, as well as staff representatives entrepreneurial project implemented in the interest of the business require their participation in decision making. Despite of the successive reforms in this direction, we must recognize that the participation of employees in the management of the company remains very limited. This should probably change with the emergence of the concept of social corporate responsibility which is a new way of regulating of labor relations, tending to promote stakeholder accountability through enhanced participation. The evolution of social relations, induced by the world trade globalization having an impact on the structure of the company, requires necessary adjustments in the labor law. The aim is to achieve a balance between the protection of employees and their jobs and the sustainability of the company’s development
Leblanc, Raymond. "Le groupe de travail sur l'écoconditionnalité dans le secteur agricole au Québec une analyse des résultats dans le cadre d'une théorie de la gouvernance." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/378.
Full textFonteneau, Yannick. "Développements précoces du concept de travail mécanique (fin 17e s.-début 18e s.) : quantification, optimisation et profit de l'effet des agents producteurs." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00640402.
Full textCarron, Pierre-Nicolas. "Réanimation cardio-pulmonaire intra-hospitalière et notion de travail en équipe : étude exploratoire et adaptation du concept aéronautique de "Crew Resource Management" /." Genève : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2005/CarronP-N/these.pdf.
Full textGuéry, Bernard. "Le concept de finalité pour éclairer le travail du manager : une lecture philosophique à partir du cas de la Française des Jeux." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3075.
Full textThis thesis aim is to show which notion of purpose is at stake in the manager’s work. It differentiates two ways to address the concept of purpose. The first one, close to the notions of objective, interest, utility, forms the foundations of a classical vision of the manager’s work. However, a second one, based on Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas and Spaemann’s philosophies, arose. This alternative conception differs from objective and interest as it is not elaborated by the subject. It allows a different view on three essential dimensions of the manager’s work: the management by objectives, the body of contradictory requirements that built up on the manager and the dilemma between ethics and efficiency. Finally, a field survey showed that this alternative conception of purpose, linked to virtue-based ethics, has a certain place in the FDJ’s managers’ message, together with consequentialism, which expresses the utilitarian conception of purpose, and deontological ethics, which evacuates any purpose
Leroy, Julie. "Exploration du concept de co-création de valeur par le récit ethnomarketing : Le cas de la plateforme collaborative Ecobiz de la Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Rouen." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CAEN0698.
Full textThis research studies the process of a value co-creation strategy implementation. The process is delineated from the decision making to the interaction between an organization and its clients in the Business-to-Business sector. The “field case”, the collaborative platform Ecobiz implemented at the Rouen Chamber of Commerce and Industry, is observed and analyzed with an ethnomarketing approach. After an ethnographic data collection and a presentation of the observations under the form of an ethnomarketing tale, the results show several phases that lead the actors to a ritualized link value co-creation. The global process is initiated by a controversy among the decision makers, whose mainly oral normative practices lead to a mobilization without defining the roles within the network under construction. This non-definition of the roles arises two behaviors: a resistance and a ritualized co-creation. The co-creators elaborate a relational script that allows the systematization of the interaction with the clients, that is to say, a co-production
Albert, Marie-Noëlle. "L' engagement revisité à l'aide du concept du « soi » : expérience d'une entreprise familiale de la grande distribution." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33015.
Full textThis thesis works aims at study intemal commitment and external commitment, made use of "self', in a supermarket family business, to see if it is possible to show a path to improve Organizational commitment improve. With this work we built a four steps methodological framework : outline research conception, empirical information collection, local knowledge building generic knowledge building and diffusion. In this empirical study, we achieved about sixty interviews, in four stores of a small Company. Moreover, we collected others informations (observations, documents). The interpretation of these gave rise to local knowledge building. Comparing this knowledge with existing theory, we built generic knowledge : - if we adopt a positive attitude toward athers, if organizationar goals are in phase with individual goals, extemal commitment and internal commitment could improve themselves in a recursive loop. Then, it is both interesting for individuals to live positively external commitment and to organization to improve their situation. - The " self " construction generic model built starting from Mead works could study dynamically both internal and external commifment - Dzjgereen between behaviors mutual upected and bemeen behaviors mutual perception could develop negative recursive loop - More individuals could interact in explicit communication, more they could feel recognized, more if could be possible to avoid the development of decommitment recursive loop. Then, we focused on knowledge diffusion. We started to make it use in an example
Pavlic, Annie. "La prise en compte des risques psychosociaux par les managers : les processus soutenant l'action des encadrants en santé au travail." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20128/document.
Full textThis thesis explores the processes supporting the action of managers and supervisors on occupational health. We used our experiences of professional interventions with team supervisors to question this issue. A first study questions the impasses of the concept of psychosocial risks to consider the action of managers on occupational health of the team members. Then, a second study investigates the operational concept of the psychological dynamics of the job related to discussion about work. For the third study, we test different management devices through discussion using a research-action methodology in an establishment for elderly dependents (EHPAD). Analysis of the results of this third study brings out the resistance to discussion. This requires individual learning, collective and organizational work for discussion with supervisors, teams and stakeholders involved in health at work (management, health professionals at work, social partners). Based on these results, we define the requirements for discussion spaces and the role of supervisors in order to develop psychological health of team members
Said, Fatma. "Débat scientifique en classe et acculturation scientifique chez des élèves Français de seconde et des élèves Tunisiens du secondaire : etude de deux cas : débat sur un concept scientifique stabilisé et débat sur une question socialement vive." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21796.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is to study several aspects of the appropriation of a scientific culture (scientific acculturation) among French pupils of 14-15 years and secondary sector Tunisians pupils (high school), on the base of the study of linguistic interactions (argumentative behaviour, cognitive work and enunciative level bearing).In this research we consider that, within classroom as within scientific community, the scientific knowledge falls into two categories: the one of stabilized scientific issues and the one of burning social ones. So, two types of debate have been studied: one dealing with a stabilized scientific issue; the other dealing with a burning social issue. We also examine the effects of sociocultural characteristics of the learners on their scientific acculturation, when the issue discussed is dealing with a hot topic
Gracia-Moreno, Carolina. "Rôle d'un espace de travail numérique privé dans une activité d'édition collaborative de cartes conceptuelles : Cas d'étude en lycée." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT5012/document.
Full textThe use of digital artifacts for learning activities usually remains individual, as there are no suitable environments, from the point of view of materials, applications and teaching practices. This research reports on the experience of using different artefacts in a collaborative activity to elaborate mental and conceptual maps proposed in a history class in the eleventh grade. The aim is to study the role of a private workspace for the collective edition of mental and conceptual maps. More specifically, the goal is to assess whether the use of digital artifacts in the collective edition of mental and conceptual maps promotes the processes of cognitive confrontation that constitutes collaboration. To meet this objective, two iterations (pilot experimentation and experimentation) were carried out with two digital collaborative prototypes that allow students to differentiate their individual workspace from the collective space. The first pilot experiment was conducted in 2015 with a prototype of mental maps existing prior to the study. It consisted of validating the experimental protocol of the research and clarifying research questions and hypotheses. The second experiment, meanwhile, was carried out in 2016 via a prototype of concept maps designed and developed as part of this research. The purpose of this experiment was to test the three hypotheses formulated, which fit into Bandura's (1980) theory of social learning and address environmental, cognitive and behavioral determinants. The first hypothesis (environmental determinants) assumes that the instrumental mediation of a collaborative learning activity has an influence on the student participation. The second hypothesis (cognitive determinants), for its part, argues that the addition of a personal workspace of the student to a collective interaction space favors cognitive processes present in collaboration: sociocognitive conflict (Doise and Mugny Perret-Clermont, 1979), supporting (Bruner, 1997) and vicariance (Bandura, 1980, Pentland, 2015). Finally, the third hypothesis (behavioral determinants) suggests that the individual participation of pupils in the elaboration of a collective concept map is influenced by the affective culture of the group. In order to verify these 3 hypotheses, a crossed multifactorial experimental plan was put in place, which made it possible to test the independent variables simultaneously with 7 groups of high school students in history class. The data analysis carried out focuses on the nature of students' oral and digital interactions, as well as their written outputs and their responses to group interviews and individual questionnaires. The results show the trend of the digital collaboration device (artifacts, organization of the activity, pedagogical scenario) to favor the supporting and vicariance process as an explanation of the exchanges needed to coordinate the technical tasks of editing the concept map. The results indicate that after using a digital private space, pupils have significant sociocognitive conflicts during group work, leading them to accept the most open responses in order to avoid confrontation
El uso de artefactos digitales para la realización de actividades de aprendizaje sigue siendo principalmente individual, por falta de entornos adecuados, desde el punto de vista del material, de las aplicaciones y de las prácticas pedagógicas. Esta investigación cuenta la experiencia de uso de diferentes artefactos en una actividad colaborativa de elaboración de mapas mentales y conceptuales propuestos en el transcurso de una clase de historia de cuarto de educación secundaria. El objetivo principal es el estudio del rol del espacio de trabajo privado para la edición colectiva de mapas mentales y conceptuales. Más específicamente, el objetivo es evaluar si el uso de artefactos digitales en la edición colectiva de mapas mentales y conceptuales promueve los procesos de confrontación cognitiva que constituyen la colaboración. Para cumplir este objetivo, se realizaron dos iteraciones (experimentación piloto y experimentación) con dos prototipos de dispositivos digitales colaborativos que permiten a los estudiantes diferenciar su espacio de trabajo individual del espacio colectivo. El primer experimento piloto se llevó a cabo en 2015 con un prototipo de mapas mentales existente antes del estudio. Consistió en validar el protocolo experimental de la investigación y aclarar preguntas e hipótesis de investigación. El segundo experimento, mientras tanto, se llevó a cabo en 2016 a través de un prototipo de mapas conceptuales diseñados y desarrollados como parte de esta investigación. Este experimento fue diseñado para verificar las tres hipótesis formuladas, que se ajustan a la teoría del aprendizaje social de Bandura (1980) y abordan los determinantes ambientales, cognitivos y conductuales. La primera hipótesis (determinantes ambientales) supone que la mediación instrumental de una actividad de aprendizaje colaborativo influye en la participación del alumno. La segunda hipótesis (determinantes cognitivos), por su parte, sostiene que la adición de un espacio de trabajo personal del alumno a un espacio de interacción colectivo promueve procesos cognitivos presentes en la colaboración: el conflicto socio-cognitivo (Doise y Mugny Perret-Clermont, 1979), el apoyo (Bruner, 1997) y la vicarianza (Bandura, 1980, Pentland, 2015). Finalmente, la tercera hipótesis (determinantes conductuales) sugiere que la participación individual de los alumnos en la elaboración de un mapa conceptual colectivo está influenciada por la cultura afectiva del grupo. Para verificar estas 3 hipótesis, se puso en marcha un plan experimental multifactorial cruzado, que permitió probar las variables independientes simultáneamente con 7 grupos de estudiantes de cuarto de secundaria en la clase de historia. El análisis de datos realizado se centra en la naturaleza de las interacciones orales y digitales de los estudiantes, así como en sus resultados escritos y sus respuestas a entrevistas grupales y cuestionarios individuales. Los resultados muestran la tendencia de los dispositivos digitales de colaboración (artefactos, la organización de la actividad, escenario pedagógico) a promover el proceso de apoyo y vicariedad tras las conversaciones necesarias para coordinar las acciones técnicas para publicar en el mapa conceptual. Los resultados indican que después de usar un espacio privado digital, los estudiantes tienen conflictos sociocognitivos significativos durante el trabajo en grupo, lo que los lleva a aceptar las respuestas más abiertas para evitar el enfrentamiento
Kovacevic, Jovana. "Plateformes d'innovation ouverte (PIO) : la dynamique des discussions orientées innovation dans le Web Community Management." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED069.
Full textIn the context of closed inbound innovation, as a form of open innovation practice, the quality of coordination among employees takes an important place. Innovative ideas can appear at any moment of the numerous formal and informal conversations. Concept generation is a key moment of upstream innovation processes. Thanks to internal web-platforms, in many organizations employees are integrated within the innovation processes and often, community discussions are organized on-line. We carry an empirical exploration by analyzing on-line, innovation-oriented, web community discussions that we have had the opportunity to co-animate throughout collaboration with a consulting firm. The innovation-oriented online discussions were launched in the context of an online community of employees to allow its members to go beyond daily discussions and further explore one trend or opportunity for the group. In this dissertation, we explore the dynamic of online collaborative concept generation at ideation stage. Therefore, we present three sets of results: firstly, we describe the general conversational dynamics of online innovation-oriented discussions, secondly contextualized community management practices, then the collaborative dynamics of concept generation. Finally, we try to establish a general framework enabling the analysis of an online innovation-oriented conversation. This research leads us to further discuss the links between open innovation platforms and the innovation organization
Manville, Caroline. "Perceptions de justice et implication organisationnelle : le cas des salariés contingents." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20152.
Full textDeprez, Guillaume. "Relation entre déviance constructive, comportements proactifs et innovation : analyse des construits et de leurs conséquences." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0581/document.
Full textThe aim of this research was to examine the relation between constructive deviance (Galperin, 2012; Warren, 2003; Vadera, Pratt, & Mishra, 2013), proactivity (Grant & Ashford, 2008; Parker & Collins, 2010) and their role in change and innovation (CI) processes in organizational context (Potočnik & Anderson, 2016). After we examined the deviance and proactive literature related to work and organizational psychology, we focused our attention on the creation of a normative and deviant attitudinal scale (NDAS) to deal with the dynamic aspect of deviance. Then, we explored the nomological network of deviance and treated its relationship with CI related-constructs. We, therefore, proposed the existence of two higher-order factors named constructive dark-side and constructive bright-side. Latterly, we tested for a second time the relation between these second-order factors and common outcomes (affective commitment, well-being, distress, and turnover intent). We used research by questionnaire to test our entire hypothesis on French workers. For this, we used, created and/or translated scales of constructive deviant behaviours (Galperin, 2012), NDAS, innovative work behaviour (Janseen, 2000) or taking charge (Morisson & Phelps, 1998)... We also proceeded, in some cases, with measurements at different times to provide better analysis. In most cases, structural equation modelling analyses were performed. Results and limitations are discussed in each article chapters (chapters 2, 3, & 4). These results help to clarify the nomological network of constructive deviance and its relationship with proactivity in the CI literature. To our knowledge, this study is one of the first to follow this path and test it
Briere, Mathilde. "La déviance positive au service de la survie organisationnelle : analyse d’un concept et de ses déterminants Development of a scale measuring positive deviant behaviors Le rôle dela norme dans la performance individuelle des salariés: perspective de réductions des injonctions para-doxales organisationnelles Analysis of an integrative typologyof positive deviance: Exploratory study with a sample of French employees." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0108.
Full textThe leadership alone could explain more than 40% of the variance of the performance of organizations (Day & Lord, 1988). This statistic highlights the importance to devote to leadership in organizations and explains, in part, the current interest of consulting firms on the themes of leadership. This research - beginning in fall 2016 in partnership between the consulting firm Stimulus and the laboratory LIPHA - reflects this dual economic and scientific news. It aims to test different leadership strategies on the performance of the organization. This research project is based on three components. The first component will aim to achieve a complete overview of the progress of research in the field of positive deviance. The second component will focus on different forms of skilled leadership and positive response to the crisis of traditional management models. Finally, the last component will aim to test these different forms of leadership on the occurrence of deviant behavior positively to achieve exceptional organizational performance
Fontier, Virginie. "L'entrepreneure salariée à la barre de son aventure entrepreneuriale : une course au large en solitaire ou en équipage ? : Analyse de l'engagement entrepreneurial par le concept Genre : le cas des coopératives d’activités et d’emploi (CAE)." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0139/document.
Full textAt the starting point of process of feminization of the Cooperatives of Activities and Employement (CAE) in France we ask the question : why the CAE, wich are mixed structures of accompaniement to the creation and development of activity attract more women ? To better understand this phenomenon we « wear glasses » sociological with the glasses of « gender » in order to analyse the process of engagement of women in an entrepreneurial career in the CAE. The analysis of this social phenomenon with the gender glasses exceed an idealized vision that we could have social innovation that represents the CAE as a simply critical approach of reproduction of social and gender related inequalities toward an approach balanced experiences of women employed entrepreneurs. The CAE is a buisness opportunity for women engaged in a process of professionnal mobility following a professional deadlock and/or a feeling of dissatisfaction in their carieer. This need to undertake « differently » seems to find an answer to the hybrid status « salaried entrepreneur » and the employment framework that is proposed. However, women are not equal in this adventure because entrepreneurial commitment in its forms depends on the biographical trajectories hit the seal of gender
Polo, Claire. "L’eau à la bouche ressources et travail argumentatifs des élèves lors de débats socio-scientifiques sur l’eau potable. : Etude comparée de 10 cafés scientifiques menés au Mexique, aux USA et en France, en 2011-2012." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20022/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at describing students’ argumentation in ten « scientific cafés » about drinking water organized in 2011-2012 in Mexico, the USA and France. These events can be characterized as a semi-formal educational context (at school but an extra-curricular activity). Part I begins with a literature review of theoretical backgrounds in interactional linguistics, argumentation studies, and education research. The main research questions and the empirical data used in the study are then presented.Part II reports an analysis of the quality of students’ interactions at the mesoscopic level, while they are working in small groups, based on Mercer’s talk typology (1996). Exploratory talk is evidenced in each of the three countries, and is analyzed with 5 indicators taking into account the specificities of the pedagogical situation. The boundaries between exploratory talk, cumulative talk and disputational talk are discussed. The whole typology is refined, with the presentation of problematic atypical cases, raising the issues of the relevant unit of analysis and the alternation between different types of talk. Part III consists of an analysis of students’ work of building up their arguments at the microscopic level. To do so, they use 3 types of resources: knowledge, general principles (including laws, norms and values), and emotions. An inventory of the knowledge-belief elements and general principles used by the students is presented. An interactional model of the argumentative use of these general principles is then proposed, based on Muntigl and Turnbull’s model of the conversational structure of argumentation (1998). Finally, three case studies describe the role of emotions in students’ argumentation, using Plantin’s conceptual and methodological tools (2011).In the last chapter, Part IV, the ten debates are analyzed and compared at the macroscopic level. They are characterized by their tendency for orientation of the discourse towards disciplinary knowledge fields and their preference for certain cognitive models of water over others. There is also an analysis of how the students build « water » as a discourse object (“objet de discours”), and present it in specific lights (“éclairage”) (Grize, 1990, 1996). This analysis depends notably on the use of textometric tools. Results of individual and group opinion votes during the cafés are also presented. These three sets of results converge to give a global picture of students’ discursive work as the activation and strengthening of typical scenarios of opposing arguments. Each national sub-corpus has a specific, preferred argumentative scenario, which dominates the debates, even though there are alternative minority scenarios coexisting with the dominant scheme.In summary, this thesis offers a coherent model of students’ argumentation, and permits the characterization of such argumentative scenarios at different levels