Journal articles: 'Concept selection. Pugh matrix'

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Hartanto, Broto Widya, and Subagyo Subagyo. "KERANGKA KERJA PERENCANAAN PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH." Jurnal Teknosains 8, no. 1 (January 3, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.35574.

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This study developed a new product development planning framework for small and medium enterprise (SME) in creative industry sector to increase the business competitiveness. The development process referred to the stages of design science research. The development stage adapted the first two stages of the modular function deployment (MFD), those are the description stage of consumer need through the house of quality, and functional decomposition. The study explained that the application of MFD adaptation is effective and adequate to the creative SME condition. The technical concepts were able to be screened and scored by using pugh selection matrix. However, every technical concepts could not be described into detailed domain functions and means. Therefore, the addition of methods applied in parallel was carried out, that is the concept decomposition with the function means tree, and the technical solution synthesis with the axiomatic design so that the design process is easier to handle. It’s recommended to eliminate the zigzagging process in axiomatic design, since it has been done on the function means tree and the use of customer relationship management data base to support voice of customer.

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Seechurn, Yashwantraj, and Ritish Boodhun. "Optimum Redesign of an Agricultural Water Bowser." Designs 2, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2040045.

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There are many types of agricultural water bowsers on the market, which vary in geometry and size. However, in all such bowsers there are “unused spaces” between the bottom of the tank and the axle. The objective of this research was to design an agricultural water bowser with improved capacity by exploiting the “unused spaces”. This would allow a sufficient amount of water to be supplied to wide areas in a short time. Each concept of agricultural water bowser was generated as an integrated chassis water tank to be hitched to a tractor, and the best concept was chosen using a multi-criteria decision-making methodology (house of quality matrix and Pugh selection matrix). The selected design consisted of an U-shaped angle bent bottom sheet welded to a top circular sheet. The Agreement Dangerous Road (ADR) European standard was used for the sizing of the bowser and the selected material was S275 steel. The resultant forces on the shell of the bowser were calculated using analytical methods. A 3-D model of the bowser was developed in SolidWorks 2015, and the static structural analysis tool was used to examine stresses on the body for various types of loading, roads, and driving maneuvers. The shape and size of the bottom part of the proposed bowser increased the capacity of the tank by 20.3%.

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Nicholson, John Morgan, and Paul Collopy. "Pugh Controlled Convergence and Social Choice Theory." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 1245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.130.

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AbstractThe Pugh Method of Controlled Convergence is evaluated based on social choice theory, both from an axiomatic basis, and by examining all possible cases of attribute ranks for a range of numbers of alternatives and numbers of attributes. The evaluation shows that, for a typical Pugh application, concept selection varies with the arbitrary choice of datum or is simply incorrect in about one-third of the cases. While there are merits to the iteration steps and creation of new alternatives within the Pugh method, a simpler and more expressive concept ranking procedure can give far superior results.

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Lønmo, Linda, and Gerrit Muller. "7.1.2 Concept Selection - Applying Pugh Matrices in the Subsea Processing Domain." INCOSE International Symposium 24, no. 1 (July 2014): 583–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2014.tb03169.x.

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Olabanji, Olayinka Mohammed, and Khumbulani Mpofu. "Fusing Multi-Attribute Decision Models for Decision Making to Achieve Optimal Product Design." Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences 45, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 305–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fcds-2020-0016.

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Abstract Manufacturers need to select the best design from alternative design concepts in order to meet up with the demand of customers and have a larger share of the competitive market that is flooded with multifarious designs. Evaluation of conceptual design alternatives can be modelled as a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) process because it includes conflicting design features with different sub features. Hybridization of Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) models has been applied in various field of management, science and engineering in order to have a robust decision-making process but the extension of these hybridized MADM models to decision making in engineering design still requires attention. In this article, an integrated MADM model comprising of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), Fuzzy Pugh Matrix and Fuzzy VIKOR was developed and applied to evaluate conceptual designs of liquid spraying machine. The fuzzy AHP was used to determine weights of the design features and sub features by virtue of its fuzzified comparison matrix and synthetic extent evaluation. The fuzzy Pugh matrix provides a methodical structure for determining performance using all the design alternatives as basis and obtaining aggregates for the designs using the weights of the sub features. The fuzzy VIKOR generates the decision matrix from the aggregates of the fuzzified Pugh matrices and determine the best design concept from the defuzzified performance index. At the end, the optimal design concept is determined for the liquid spraying machine.

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López, Alana Rosa, Juan Luis Hernández Arellano, and Edson Francisco Estrada Meneses. "Comparison of Assistive Orthopedic Products using the Pugh Matrix. A Universal Design and Ergonomics Approach." Cultura Científica y Tecnológica 18, no. 1 (2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20983/culcyt.2021.1.2.3.

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The objective of this article is to analyze the relationship between universal design and ergonomics as key factors in the design and selection of assistive products developing a comparison using the Pugh matrix. A group of users was interviewed to determine the design requirements of aid products and then, the products available in the market were evaluated to determine which could be the best. The user’s needs were identified through the evaluations among patients with rheumatoid arthritis focusing on universal and ergonomic design and sixty-nine assistive products were selected. The Pugh matrix was applied to compare and evaluate them based on design criteria. The results indicate that accessibility products must be more efficient in terms of reach, grip, apprehension, pincer grasp, materials, and the force required to use the product. However, the aesthetics of the design was a key factor for the user to select the product and feel more comfortable when using it.

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Guo, Jiang Long, Laura Justham, Michael Jackson, and Robert Parkin. "A Concept Selection Method for Designing Climbing Robots." Key Engineering Materials 649 (June 2015): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.649.22.

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This paper presents a concept selection methodology, inspired by the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) model and Pugh's weighted matrix method, for designing climbing robots conceptually based on an up-to-date literature review. The proposed method is illustrated with a case study of ongoing research, the investigation of an adaptable and energetically autonomous climbing robot, in Loughborough University.

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de Camargo, Daniel Zancanella, Antonio Carlos Barbosa Zancanella, Luiz Rafael Resende da Silva, Rômulo Maziero, Bruno Dorneles de Castro, and Juan Carlos Campos Rubio. "Selection of Materials for Weight Reduction in Sports Cars." Advanced Materials Research 1152 (April 2019): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1152.73.

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The need for studies aiming at the selection of materials for such application is preponderant, be-cause a large increase in the focus on vehicle weight reduction by the automotive industry in recent years. In environmental and commercial terms, this reduction provides lower energy consumption and better vehicle performance, as well as limiting pollutant emissions. The present work has the objective to select the best materials in substitution of the metals and glass used in doors, hood and windows, respectively, of sports cars to decrease the weight/power ratio and consequently improvement of performance. With the aid of Ashby maps simulated through the CES EduPackTM 2018 program, maximizing the limit of tensile strength and minimizing density, it was possible to analyze that carbon fiber composites obtained values of merit index of up to eleven times greater than the value obtained by carbon steels. Already in substitution of the glass, the acrylic obtained a index of merit about three times greater. At the same time, the tensile strength, fracture toughness, density and cost of the possible materials obtained in the previous method were obtained through the Pugh matrix, the exchanges for composites of glass fiber and polycarbonate obtained outstanding responses.

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Solli, Herman, and Gerrit Muller. "Evaluation of illustrative ConOps and Decision Matrix as tools in concept selection." INCOSE International Symposium 26, no. 1 (July 2016): 2361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2016.00300.x.

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F.A Zulkepli., N., S. Khusairi, M. S.B Shaari, N. S Khusaini, N. N Aziz., K. I Sainan, and Z. Mohamed. "Development of Universal Wheelchair Transporter." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.27 (November 30, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.27.22481.

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This work introduces a new universal wheelchair transporter to transport a conventional wheelchair from one point to another. The chosen design concept had been selected using Pugh chart selection method [13], considering all aspect contributed that give the highest weightage. The 3D design utilized CATIA software to visualize the product. Mecanum wheels were chosen to move the platform due to its flexibility and maneuverability in any direction without turning the universal transporter. The objective of this project is to develop a fully functional universal wheelchair transporter to transport a patient from one room to another room in the hospital. The performance of the product design is then tested using Finite Element Analysis and shows good results.

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Ramdhani, Safarudin, and J. Jamari. "The Modeling Of A Conceptual Engineering Design System Using The Decision-Matrix Logic." MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815902022.

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Decision making a concept the optimal inside a concept engineering design (CED) is a job repeated. Decision matrix based method is the most popular concept selection approach used in engineering design. A matrix is an array that presents an axis of the alternate list being evaluated. The list of weighted criteria depends upon the importance of each of the final decisions to be taken. The decision matrix in this determined some weights and the rank as attributes to evaluate a total scores. Upon the weighting sometimes make the designer confusedly in determine variety. This paper described a decision making computer based, where a logic matrix decisions on a basis in the selection and evaluation. This model presents a logical procedure for concept evaluation considering the specified attribute. In decision-making this model is integrated and intended to improve the ability of beginners in designing.

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Ha, Tae-Hyu, Bong-Ho Cho, Hongjin Kim, and Dae-Jin Kim. "Development of an Efficient Steel Beam Section for Modular Construction Based on Six-Sigma." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9687078.

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This study presents a systematic approach for the development of an efficient steel beam section for modular construction based on Six-Sigma. Although the Six-Sigma is frequently implemented in manufacturing and other service industries, it is a relatively new concept in the area of building design and construction. As a first step in this approach, market studies and surveys are conducted to obtain the opinions of potential customers. Then the opinions of customers are converted into quality characteristics for the steel beam using the quality function deployment methodology. A steel hollow flanged channel is chosen as the main modular beam shape, and the design concept is derived and developed by applying the Pugh matrix methodology. A pilot test was performed to validate the effectiveness of the developed beam section. The results indicated that the developed channel beam section showed excellent performance and retained high accuracy in fabrication, thus resulting in a significant reduction of steel consumption.

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Gwiazda, Aleksander. "System Approach Concept as Teaching Tool of Strategic Management Fundamentals." Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów 27, no. 1 (January 31, 2013): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.6296.

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This paper presents the concept of a systemic approach in teaching the fundamentals of strategic management. Basing on the traditional typologies of organizations strategies the general map of strategies was proposed aiming to introduce students to the problems of strategy selection. As the tool for ordering the map of strategies the SWOT/TOWS matrix has been selected. The part of the particular strategies has been taken from typologies of Porter, Bowman and Ansoff. Basing on these typologies two versions of the map of strategies were developed. The first one includes 9 specific strategies and the other – 13. The strategies are grouped into four groups: aggressive strategies, conservative ones, competition ones and recovery ones. The developed maps of strategies allow more flexible analyzing of the strategy selection process and the relationship between them and their evolution.

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Hartanto, Broto Widya, and Juwita Ayu Manggalarini. "ADAPTASI MODULAR FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT UNTUK KESUKSESAN PENGEMBANGAN KONSEP PRODUK BARU SEBAGAI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING INDUSTRI KECIL." J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri 13, no. 3 (November 30, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jati.13.3.129-140.

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Mayoritas industri di Indonesia adalah industri kecil dan menengah. Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi IKM adalah proses pengembangan produk baru, sedangkan produk merupakan bagian penting dari daya saing industri dalam pasar persaingan. Sehingga penerapan proses pengembangan produk baru di industri kecil menjadi penting untuk diperhatikan. Dalam kesuksesan pengembangan produk baru, perencanaan konsep produk baru menjadi bagian penting untuk diteliti. Pengembangan konsep produk baru yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan waktu masuk pasar yang lebih cepat, dapat menjadi sebuah daya saing bagi industri kecil. Pendekatan dilakukan melalui adaptasi pada 2 tahap awal modular function deployment, yaitu penjelasan kebutuhan konsumen menggunakan fase pertama quality function deployment yaitu fase perencanaan produk dengan house of quality, dan pemilihan solusi teknis dengan pugh selection matrix untuk memilih dan memprioritaskan konsep teknis sebagai strategi kesuksesan. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan 23 indikator kebutuhan konsumen dan 10 karakteristik teknis. Karakteristik teknis dievaluasi dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi internal perusahaan, dan menghasilkan 4 prioritas konsep teknis yaitu peningkatan variasi produk; penambahan toko, akses dan pemilihan lokasinya; penerapan konsep gabungan harga dan bahan; dan penerapan konsep gabungan pemilihan suplier, diferensiasi produk, saluran pemasaran.

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Ullah, Hamid, and Asiyah Ali. "Design and Development of Mobile Phone Using Quality Function Deployment." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.02.01.2017.01.

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The paper presents design and development of mobile phone using Quality Function Deployment. Quality Function Deployment is one of the total quality management tools used to convert customers’ needs into design specifications. A market survey is conducted to find out the voice of customer. The Voice of the Customer is converted into customers’ needs. Relative importance is assigned to customers’ needs. A list of technical requirements that could fulfill the customers’ needs is produced. A relationship matrix is developed between the customers’ needs and the technical requirements. The relationship matrix is converted into the House of Quality. Output from the House of Quality is used in concept generation of mobile phone. Concept generation is followed by concept selection. Final improved model of the mobile phone is presented.

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Shanmugasundaram, P., C. V. Seshaiah, and K. Rathi. "Revised Max-Min Average Composition Method for Decision Making Using Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Matrix Theory." Advances in Fuzzy Systems 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/864074.

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In this paper a revised Intuitionistic Fuzzy Max-Min Average Composition Method is proposed to construct the decision method for the selection of the professional students based on their skills by the recruiters using the operations of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Matrices. In Shanmugasundaram et al. (2014), Intuitionistic Fuzzy Max-Min Average Composition Method was introduced and applied in Medical diagnosis problem. Sanchez’s approach (Sanchez (1979)) for decision making is studied and the concept is modified for the application of Intuitionistic fuzzy soft set theory. Through a survey, the opportunities and selection of the students with the help of Intuitionistic fuzzy soft matrix operations along with Intuitionistic fuzzy max-min average composition method is discussed.

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Tuljak-Suban, Danijela, and Patricija Bajec. "The Influence of Defuzzification Methods to Decision Support Systems Based on Fuzzy AHP with Scattered Comparison Matrix: Application to 3PLP Selection as a Case Study." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 26, no. 03 (May 30, 2018): 475–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021848851850023x.

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The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is, in literature, the most frequently used selection method generally in association with fuzzy logic. In this article some incongruities in the use of fuzzy AHP detected in the literature are presented such as improper use of the defuzzification methods and weak consistency checks of the comparison matrix that in case of scattered comparison matrix could produces results that are clearly a contradiction. We demonstrate how even a careful definition of the third party logistics providers (3PLP) selection criteria may lead to improper results, if the appropriate methods of defuzzification are not used and the concept of “vague” is not well interpreted, both in the comparison phase and in the calculation phase.

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Coşkun, Arzu, Gündüzğdem Aras, and Ayşe Sönmez. "The use of soft matrices on soft multisets and their applications in optimal decision process." Filomat 32, no. 3 (2018): 1055–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1803055c.

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In this paper, we introduce a concept of a soft matrix on a soft multiset, and investigate how to use soft matrices to solve decision making problems. An algorithm for a multiple choose selection problem is also provided. Finally, we demonstrate an illustrative example to show the decision making steps.

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Mayasti, Nur Kartika Indah, Mirwan Ushada, and Makmudun Ainuri. "Robust Design of Spaghetti Products based on Consumer Needs." Jurnal Teknik Industri 21, no. 2 (August 30, 2020): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol21.no2.126-138.

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To produce competitive advantage, a product has to be designed according to the criteria of consumer needs. The results of identifying consumer needs become technical requirements and target specifications in robust product design. The purpose of this research was to propose a robust design of gluten-free spaghetti product concept using the Taguchi method. The selection of factors and experimental levels utilized the zero one matrix and the evaluation matrix. The results showed that the priority quality attributes required by consumers include good product display, nutrition, acceptable taste, competitive prices, and made from local ingredients. Product specifications that are targeted at product quality are closer to commercial spaghetti products. Based on the experimental design, 4 factors and 3 levels with an orthogonal matrix (Taguchi) L9 (34) resulted in 9 product concepts. The selected concept has confirmed the quality of its spaghetti products.

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Kurnia, Ganjar, Benny Yulianto, J. Jamari, and A. P. Bayuseno. "Evaluation in Conceptual Design of Human Powered Sand Sieving Machine." E3S Web of Conferences 125 (2019): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912503001.

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Sand sieving machine has the function to sieve sand and stone that mixed together. The sand and the stone cannot process further if they mix. Thus, this machine will help operator work which was doing sieve with no machine mechanism. With machine mechanism driven by human power will reduce the time to sieve. The objective of this paper is hopefully can make the best concept design in terms of production costs and production capacity. The stages of evaluation design begin with functional decomposition, concept making with morphology matrix and concept evaluations with feasibility judgment, go or no go screening and basic decision matrix. In evaluating the product, one or several of the best concepts are chosen to further developed into products, based on selection criteria. The results of this design obtained the best concept of sand sieving machine in terms of efficiency, energy, and flexibility. From this paper, it can be concluded that the design of this sand sieve will environmentally friendly and bring many benefits, is positive and very good to continued.

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Goswami, Mohit, Jaswinder Singh, and Vijay Kumar. "An enterprise based decision support system for engineering aggregate selection: a case study." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 14, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 851–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-02-2015-0004.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework that would help manufacturers to select the design concept that provides optimal solutions to the entire value chain involving multiple functional teams such as product design, development, planning, sourcing, service and marketing. The selection of an optimal design concept is based on the highest value index of a design concept. This is derived from quality function deployment (QFD) and a functional analysis system using customer requirement, quality deployment, development and design constraint as inputs. The framework systematically considers different alternatives to converge at an optimal solution. Design/methodology/approach All high-level product requirements from customer and market analysis are translated into different engineering parameters using QFD. Thereafter, the functional analysis system technique (FAST) is employed to determine the range of functions and identify components that would achieve different functionalities. The relative importance of each function is determined by functional cost analyses, enabling us to generate different design concepts. Thereafter, business parameters are extracted from the business objective of each functional area. These business parameters are compared with different design concepts using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP), thus evolving the enterprise value index (EVI) for each design concept. Findings The design concepts are evaluated with different business parameters using the AHP methodology to form EVI. The design concept 2 with highest enterprise EVI (4.549) is selected for further development. To validate the consistency of the business parameters, the consistency ratio (CR) has been calculated using Saaty’s Eigenvector method. The value of CR is 8.4 per cent, which indicates that the judgment made in this paper as far as populating the business parameters weight matrix is concerned is quite reasonable. This framework would enable an enterprise’s dealing in the area of complex engineering systems/aggregates to choose the design concept that would maximize the value of the enterprise. Originality/value This research develops an integrated methodology for design concept selection from an enterprise point of view. Major functional agencies and their respective attributes are considered for the development of the framework and subsequent selection. An enterprise’s mission and vision framework function as the primary input for the extraction of related attributes of the functional agency.

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Grundy, B., B. Villanueva, and J. A. Woolliams. "Utilising genetic contributions to maximise long term response to selection." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030822960003083x.

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The concept of long term contributions was devised by Wray and Thompson (1990) to describe the accumulation of inbreeding in a population under selection, and further developed by Woolliams and Thompson (1994) to describe genetic progress. This study describes a method to utilise these relationships for optimising schemes where the breeding objective is cumulative net response with restrictions on inbreeding. The selection decisions at a given generation can be obtained from maximising the function f(x) of accumulated gain corrected for squared contributions: f(x) = xTg-Î»TAx, where x is the vector of long term contributions, g is the vector of estimated breeding values, A is the matrix of genetic relationships which has not been corrected for reduced Mendelian variance with inbreeding (unlike the method of Wray and Goddard, 1994), and Î» is a constant taking positive values.

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Larabi-Marie-Sainte, Souad. "Outlier Detection Based Feature Selection Exploiting Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 6769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156769.

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The curse of dimensionality problem occurs when the data are high-dimensional. It affects the learning process and reduces the accuracy. Feature selection is one of the dimensionality reduction approaches that mainly contribute to solving the curse of the dimensionality problem by selecting the relevant features. Irrelevant features are the dependent and redundant features that cause noise in the data and then reduce its quality. The main well-known feature-selection methods are wrapper and filter techniques. However, wrapper feature selection techniques are computationally expensive, whereas filter feature selection methods suffer from multicollinearity. In this research study, four new feature selection methods based on outlier detection using the Projection Pursuit method are proposed. Outlier detection involves identifying abnormal data (irrelevant features of the transpose matrix obtained from the original dataset matrix). The concept of outlier detection using projection pursuit has proved its efficiency in many applications but has not yet been used as a feature selection approach. To the author’s knowledge, this study is the first of its kind. Experimental results on nineteen real datasets using three classifiers (k-NN, SVM, and Random Forest) indicated that the suggested methods enhanced the classification accuracy rate by an average of 6.64% when compared to the classification accuracy without applying feature selection. It also outperformed the state-of-the-art methods on most of the used datasets with an improvement rate ranging between 0.76% and 30.64%. Statistical analysis showed that the results of the proposed methods are statistically significant.

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Mian, Zohaib T., Patrick Dees, Leslie Hall, and Dimitri Mavris. "Development and Implementation of Micro Autonomous Systems and Technologies (MAST) Interactive Reconfigurable Matrix of Alternatives (M-IRMA) for Concept Selection." Procedia Computer Science 16 (2013): 708–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2013.01.074.

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Le, Anh T. M., Hoang D. Doan, Loc P. Ngo, Ly T. Huynh, Tuan N. Huynh, Huy T. Phan, and Thanh T. Tran. "A Conceptual Design and Numerical Analysis for a Small-Scale and Low-Cost Plastic Recycling Machine." E3S Web of Conferences 93 (2019): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199302007.

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A new conceptual design for a small-scale and low-cost plastic recycling machine is generated by combining melting part and compression process. Starting with one of the outstanding requirements is in terms of an affordable-priced machine that can perform two processes with high accuracy and capacity, some issues related to balancing among quality, capacity and cost of machine occurred during a discussion. After implementing various designing methods such as Quality Function Deployment, Reverse Engineering, Morphological Matrix and Pugh Method, an idea of final concept about using an electric oven and hydraulic system to melt down and compress plastic tile which has a dimension of 300x300x9 mm was created. The design of concept is divided into two parts which are mechanical and electrical systems. In a mechanical section, the technical drawing and simulation are made to see how machine performs under operation. Besides, we examined the forces that applied in the moulds to evaluate the strength of the system. In heating and electricity section, we chose electrical components, designed oven parameters and conducted the heating simulation on the mould. In addition, the heating and cooling time was calculated based on the principles of thermodynamics and heat transfer. Furthermore, the manufacturing plan is created to estimate the essential resources producing a certain number of heat-forming machines. In general, the machine needs to be prototyped for controlling its main function and finding practical issues. After that, some improvements could be made to enhance efficiency and increase capacity by designing an optimal mould to more heat absorb and reduce post process, calculate and design more efficient oven, create faster lock mechanism and other improvements for an automatizing machine.

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Yan, Jia, Shukai Duan, Tingwen Huang, and Lidan Wang. "Hybrid feature matrix construction and feature selection optimization-based multi-objective QPSO for electronic nose in wound infection detection." Sensor Review 36, no. 1 (January 18, 2016): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-01-2015-0011.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to improve the performance of E-nose in the detection of wound infection. Feature extraction and selection methods have a strong impact on the performance of pattern classification of electronic nose (E-nose). A new hybrid feature matrix construction method and multi-objective binary quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (BQPSO) have been proposed for feature extraction and selection of sensor array. Design/methodology/approach – A hybrid feature matrix constructed by maximum value and wavelet coefficients is proposed to realize feature extraction. Multi-objective BQPSO whose fitness function contains classification accuracy and a number of selected sensors is used for feature selection. Quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) is used for synchronization optimization of selected features and parameter of classifier. Radical basis function (RBF) network is used for classification. Findings – E-nose obtains the highest classification accuracy when the maximum value and db 5 wavelet coefficients are extracted as the hybrid features and only six sensors are selected for classification. All results make it clear that the proposed method is an ideal feature extraction and selection method of E-nose in the detection of wound infection. Originality/value – The innovative concept improves the performance of E-nose in wound monitoring, and is beneficial for realizing the clinical application of E-nose.

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Pracucci, Alessandro, Sara Magnani, Laura Vandi, Oscar Casadei, Amaia Uriarte, Bruno Bueno, and Michele Vavallo. "An Analytical Approach for the Selection of Technologies to be Integrated in a Plug&play Façade Unit: The RenoZEB Case Study." Proceedings 65, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020065029.

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The nearly Zero Energy building (nZEB) renovation market is currently the key feature in the construction sector. RenoZEB aims to develop a systematic approach for retrofitting by assembling different technologies in a plug and play building envelope. This paper presents the methodology used to transform the RenoZEB concept in the design system. A multi-criteria decision matrix is used for the selection of the best façade technologies within the market while the analysis of the existing building conditions allows to develop a replicable approach for designing deep retrofitting intervention through a plug&play façade. The methodology appears to be a valuable support for the selection of technologies and allows to define a design guideline for the envelope.

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Jenab, Kouroush, Ahmad Sarfaraz, Philip D. Weinsier, Asghar Moeini, and A. M. A. Al-Ahmari. "i-DEMATEL method for integrated manufacturing technology selection." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 26, no. 3 (April 7, 2015): 349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-08-2012-0079.

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Purpose – Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) refers the manufacturing concept based on the use of computers to control and exchange information for the entire production process. As a result, manufacturing can be faster and less error-prone. However, managing and implementing technologies in the CIM environment are challenging processes for managements and manufacturing organizations. These processes become complex and tedious when one is dealing with many decision parameters. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study reports an Interval Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (i-DEMATEL) method for evaluating and selecting the CIM technologies that takes into account management objectives. This method can relieve the limitation of the relationship matrix about the assumption of the symmetrical relationship. As a result, it can solve complicated relationship structure problems. Findings – Based on a survey on the current technologies in manufacturing institutes, a case study is demonstrated to present the application of the model. The i-DEMATEL approach takes into account all decision parameters for evaluating and implementing CIM technologies and shows CNC/DNC technology is the most suitable for this case study. Originality/value – The proposed method mitigates the shortcomings of non-fuzzy and fuzzy methods in pertaining literature.

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Ajmal, A., and S. G. Zhang. "The application of a knowledge-based clustering algorithm as an aid to probe selection and inspection process planning." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 212, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440549821200401.

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This paper outlines the development of a clustering algorithm used for inspection planning which allows each inspection feature to be inspected at a designated cell. This is achieved by grouping (a) inspection features into feature families and (b) probe orientations into probe cells. This would result in minimal probe calibration errors and part installation errors for the relative tolerance features. This procedure would reduce the time for probe exchange and reinstallation of parts. An incidence matrix representation has been developed to represent the relationship between inspection features and their relative probe orientations. The incidence matrix which is used for grouping feature families and probe cells are similar in function to the concept of group technology (GT) as used in machine cell formation. The knowledge-based clustering algorithm possesses the flexibility for consideration of multiple constraints for grouping probe cells and feature families. The application of the developed clustering algorithm satisfies the requirement of the inspection feature grouping and provides efficiency and effectiveness in probe selection and inspection process planning for coordinate measuring machines (CMMs).

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Hanifunisa, Aulia, and Wirania Swasty. "SIGNAGE YANG INFORMATIF DAN INTERAKTIF PADA THE HERITAGE PALACE KOTA SURAKARTA JAWA TENGAH." Jurnal Bahasa Rupa 3, no. 2 (April 17, 2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31598/bahasarupa.v3i2.452.

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The Heritage Palace is located in Surakarta City of Central Java which formerly was the sugar factory that is currently used as a tourist attraction. However, this place has the problem of lacking its informative and interactive signage, less by the branding of the tourist spots, and less proper in material selection. The data collection used were the literature study, observation, interviews and questionnaires, using comparison matrix as data analysis method. The concept of the design takes the modern and old heritage concept using a font that matches the clear language and adds pictogram. The purpose of this design is to provide informative and interactive information using signage ang interactive media that is useful to help visitors get information when they visit the tourist site

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Лукина, Е., and E. Lukina. "Methodical Approach to Developing a Marketing Strategy." Scientific Research and Development. Economics of the Firm 7, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ad9de218ee196.90014341.

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The dominant paradigm of strategic marketing is increasingly becoming the object of criticism and stimulates alternative approaches to selection or creation of the reference strategy. First of all, it is connected with the development of the resource concept of competitive advantages of enterprises and the new dominant logic of marketing, in which offers an innovative paradigm for managing development of business entities and promoting their products to target markets. The methodical approach for marketing strategy of a company formation, a concept of innovation potential of the company that distinguishes from the known fact that reflects not just the availability of the necessary resources for the implementation of innovation, and indicates the ability either to generate different types of innovation within the enterprise, or to borrow them from the outside is set out in this article. The reference to types of innovation is the author’s proposal; an advanced algorithm of marketing strategy formation, the author’s matrix of choice for marketing strategies and methods of evaluation of innovative potential of the enterprise as the basis of strategy selection is the part of it.

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Shevtsova, Anastasiya, Marina Yablonovskaya, and Alexey Borovskoy. "Origin-Destination Matrix as a Way to Create a Basic Algorithm for Simulation a Load of Transport Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 1218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.1218.

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Article is devoted to studying of traffic flows using the origin-destination matrix. The first paragraph of this article deals with the possibility of applying the origin-destination matrix when modeling load of transport network. The types of transportations, the factors that affect the loading of the transport network are described. The concept of a generalized path cost, interdistrict transportations and some others are considered. There are proposed several steps to create a origin-destination matrix. In the second paragraph of the paper is proposed the classification of mathematical models that can be applied in the simulation of traffic flow, as well as their features are marked. This will help in the processing of data for selection of a mathematical model that satisfies the requirements and objectives that have set themselves researchers. The conclusions on the application of mathematical models in the study of traffic flow are made.

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Guo, Chuan Fu, Shan Bin Zhang, and Ying Shuai Jiang. "A Multiple Criteria Decision Method for Selecting Maritime Search & Rescue Scheme." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 2334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.2334.

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The evaluation and selection of Search And Rescue (SAR) schemes is one of the most important decision issues for maritime SAR. Owing to vague concept frequently represented in decision data, a group fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making approach is proposed to solve the SAR scheme optimal selection problem. In the proposed method, the experts’ opinions are described by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, and the fuzzy Delphi method is adopted to adjust each expert’s opinion to achieve the consensus condition. By using the logarithmic least square method and trapezoidal fuzzy number arithmetic operations to estimate the normalized fuzzy priority weights, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is presented and consequently the consistency check of fuzzy judgment matrix is avoided. The results of simulation show that the method is flexible and credible and provides references in intelligent SAR decision-making.

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GRUNDY, B., B. VILLANUEVA, and J. A. WOOLLIAMS. "Dynamic selection procedures for constrained inbreeding and their consequences for pedigree development." Genetical Research 72, no. 2 (October 1998): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672398003474.

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A novel selection algorithm for maximizing genetic response while constraining the rate of inbreeding is presented. It is shown that the proposed method controls the rate of inbreeding by maintaining the sum of squared genetic contributions at a constant value and represents an improvement on previous procedures. To maintain a constant rate of inbreeding the contributions from all generations are weighted equally and this is facilitated by modifying the numerator relationship matrix. By considering the optimization of the contributions of many generations the initial mating proportions (the genetic contributions to the next generation) are not equal to their long-term values, but are set equal to the expected long-term contributions given the current information. This is confirmed by the regression of the long-term contributions on the assigned mating proportions being close to one. The gain obtained from the selection algorithm is compared with the maximum theoretical genetic gain under constrained inbreeding. It is concluded that this theoretical upper bound is in general unattainable, but from this a concept of genetic efficiency in terms of resources and constraints is derived.

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Naji, Maitham Ali, Ghalib Ahmed Salman, and Muthna Jasim Fadhil. "Face recognition using selected topographical features." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 5 (October 1, 2020): 4695. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4695-4700.

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This paper represents a new features selection method to improve an existed feature type. Topographical (TGH) features provide large set of features by assigning each image pixel to the related feature depending on image gradient and Hessian matrix. Such type of features was handled by a proposed features selection method. A face recognition feature selector (FRFS) method is presented to inspect TGH features. FRFS depends in its main concept on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) technique, which is used in evaluating features efficiency. FRFS studies feature behavior over a dataset of images to determine the level of its performance. At the end, each feature is assigned to its related level of performance with different levels of performance over the whole image. Depending on a chosen threshold, the highest set of features is selected to be classified by SVM classifier

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Murena, Eriyeti, Khumbulani Mpofu, Olasumbo Makinde, John Trimble, and Xi Wang. "Web-based process planning system concept selection using Weighted Decision Matrix and Analytical Hierarchy Process: A case study of sheet metal bending operations." Procedia Manufacturing 33 (2019): 462–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.04.057.

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Fatchurrohman, Nanang, Shamsuddin Sulaiman, S. M. Sapuan, Mohd Khairol Anuar Ariffin, and B. T. H. T. Baharuddin. "Generic Framework for Conceptual Design Using Concurrent Engineering Strategy. A Case Study: Advanced Material Application Product Development of Metal Matrix Composite Component." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.99.

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One of the keys to success for product competition in the market depends on the effectiveness of its product development. This article presents a generic framework of product development which focuses on the conceptual design. The framework is developed with concurrent engineering strategy where it takes into account the product life cycle considerations within the early phases of the conceptual design. The proposed framework starts from product investigation, product specification and conceptual design. Implementation of the framework is illustrated on a case study of metal matrix composite brake disc rotor design, where there is an avenue for conceptual research since the progress of metal matrix composite utilisation in the automotive industry is limited due to their high cost in comparison with conventional alloy. The possible outcome for product investigation, product specification and conceptual design of metal matrix composite brake disc rotor are presented as part of the selection of best conceptual design. Moreover, the proposed framework is an aid to help engineers and designers to make an effective and systematic product development through a sound conceptual design decision from possible product concept alternatives.

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38

Shye, Samuel. "Modern Facet Theory: Content Design and Measurement in Behavioral Research." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 14, no. 2 (May 1998): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.14.2.160.

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Facet Theory is a research strategy that integrates formal analysis of research contents (using the tool of the mapping sentence) with intrinsic data analysis (multivariate procedures such as Faceted Smallest Space Analysis (FSSA) and Multiple Scaling by Partial Order Scalogram Analysis by base Coordinates (POSAC)). The integration of content design and data analysis is argued to be essential for theory construction and meaningful measurement in the behavioral sciences that typically study complex systems with many, possibly infinitely many, variables. Mapping sentences permit the balanced selection of observational variables from the content universe studied. Focusing on observed variables (columns of the data matrix), FSSA creates a geometric representation of the concept-space and partitions it into regions, thus enabling the systematic investigation of the concept structure. Focusing on the observed individuals (rows of the data matrix), POSAC provides optimal measurement scales for the individuals' assessment. Traditional prediction models assume the existence of factors (underlying variables), by which both variables and individuals can be evaluated, which determine empirical observations. Modern facet theory shows that two kinds of factors are at work: facets (partitionings) of the concept-space, for evaluating variables; and scales (coordinates) of the measurement space, for evaluating individuals. The two factor types point to two roads for attaining the goal of prediction. Mathematical results in Multiple Scaling, and especially the introduction of the newly devised coefficient of structural similarity, contribute to the convergence of the two roads.

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Moeini Rad, Abkar, and Mojaradi. "Supervised Distance-Based Feature Selection for Hyperspectral Target Detection." Remote Sensing 11, no. 17 (August 30, 2019): 2049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11172049.

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Feature/band selection (FS/BS) for target detection (TD) attempts to select features/bands that increase the discrimination between the target and the image background. Moreover, TD usually suffers from background interference. Therefore, bands that help detectors to effectively suppress the background and magnify the target signal are considered to be more useful. In this regard, three supervised distance-based filter FS methods are proposed in this paper. The first method is based on the TD concept. It uses the image autocorrelation matrix and the target signature in the detection space (DS) for FS. Features that increase the first-norm distance between the target energy and the mean energy of the background in DS are selected as optimal. The other two methods use background modeling via image clustering. The cluster mean spectra, along with the target spectrum, are then transferred into DS. Orthogonal subspace projection distance (OSPD) and first-norm distance (FND) are used as two FS criteria to select optimal features. Two datasets, HyMap RIT and SIM.GA, are used for the experiments. Several measures, i.e., true positives (TPs), false alarms (FAs), target detection accuracy (TDA), total negative score (TNS), and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) are employed to evaluate the proposed methods and to investigate the impact of FS on the TD performance. The experimental results show that our proposed FS methods, as compared with five existing FS methods, have improving impacts on common target detectors and help them to yield better results.

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Lin, Chi-Chang, Jer-Fu Wang, and Cheng-Hsing Tsai. "Dynamic Parameter Identification for Irregular Buildings considering Soil-Structure Interaction Effects." Earthquake Spectra 24, no. 3 (August 2008): 641–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2946439.

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The employment of system identification (SID) techniques to evaluate building dynamic parameters based on vibration measurements is a crucial topic and has been used for structural health monitoring and damage assessment after extreme events such as earthquakes. This study presents an input/output (I/O) selection concept to extract the dynamic parameters of an irregular building superstructure considering both torsional coupling (TC) and soil–structure interaction (SSI) effects. This concept was validated by implementing an SID technique, named System Realization using Information Matrix (SRIM), based on the numerically simulated floor and foundation responses. This approach was also applied to assess the change of dynamic properties of the superstructure of two instrumented buildings using measurements recorded before and after the 1999 Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake. It is shown that the decrease in value of the modal frequencies will be overestimated if the SSI effects are neglected.

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Tang, Jia Yin, Ping He, and Shi Juan Cheng. "Copula Reliability Calculation Model for K/N (F) Systems Considering Failure Correlation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 1045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.1045.

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The failure correlation among components is the general characteristic in the reliability engineering. Copula theories are used to describe the correlation among the lifetimes of components, and to build the models to calculate the reliability of typical non-repairable and repairable k/n (F) systems involving failure correlation. In this presented model, the concept of one step state transition matrix in minimal time difference tt+t is given for the repairable systems, and common cause failure, the general continuous distributions for working times and repair times are all took account. Finally, the estimation methods of the correlation scalar parameter and selection criterion for copulas are also given.

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Taufik, Shamsuddin Sulaiman, B. T. Hang Tuah Baharudin, M. K. A. M. Arifin, and Arep Ariff Hambali. "Design and Simulation on Investment Casting Mold for Metal Matrix Composite Material." Applied Mechanics and Materials 66-68 (July 2011): 1676–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.66-68.1676.

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This paper presents the design and simulation on investment casting mold for metal matrix composite material. The study was investigating the design parameters for the casting mold and simulated the temperature and pressure on the mold. Compressor impeller selected as the product of the study. Among the various types of casting techniques, investment casting process is the most suitable process to produce the compressor impeller. The alternative design of casting mold of investment casting was generated using CAD software. Concept scoring was prepared to select the suitable design for the investment casting process. Material selection of compressor is Aluminum Silicon Carbide. Stainless steel AISI H13 is selected as the material for the mold. The parameter for the mold design is included branch, gating, sprue and runner. The analysis was presented to the mold by using ANSYS simulation tool to determine the temperature and pressure of the mold. In addition, three case studies were presented and compared the static pressure in different velocity and temperature of the mold design. The result showed the runner and the branch size were important to produce the molten metal flow into the mold pattern. As a result, the design of investment casting mold was proposed.

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Barmuta, Karina, and Olga Grishchenko. "HR recruitment optimization strategy for large food factories with the use of lean manufacturing methods." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 08003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017508003.

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The issues related to the study of Human Resource processes optimization strategy with the use of the Lean Manufacturing system are highlighted in the paper. The HR specialist role in the recruitment system is reviewed. It is necessary to improve the current process, affecting each of its stages, to increase the efficiency of personnel selection and expand the influence on final result achievement in the food industry enterprises. The concept of HR as a business partnership (HRBP) is developed, which makes it possible to independently flag the need for personnel in accordance with company’s business plan and in some cases also to force changes needed to increase the effect of recruitment process for the company. Modified personnel selection system is introduced and the algorithm for its implementation based on Lean principles with the specified optimization effect in reducing personnel turnover rate and losses is developed. The value map, competency matrix and the list of actions needed to optimize recruitment are worked out.

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Guo, Chenxi, Xinhong Hao, and Ping Li. "An Improved Trilinear Model-Based Angle Estimation Method for Co-Prime Planar Arrays." Sensors 18, no. 12 (November 28, 2018): 4180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124180.

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Angle estimation methods in two-dimensional co-prime planar arrays have been discussed mainly based on peak searching and sparse recovery. Peak searching methods suffer from heavy computational complexity and sparse recovery methods face some problems in selecting the regularization parameters. In this paper, we propose an improved trilinear model-based method for angle estimation for co-prime planar arrays in the view of trilinear decomposition, namely parallel factor analysis. Due to the principle of trilinear decomposition, our method does not require peak searching and can conduct auto-pairing easily, which can reduce the computational loads and avoid parameter selection problems. Furthermore, we exploit the virtual array concept of the whole co-prime planar array through the cross-correlation matrix obtained from the received signal data and present a matrix reconstruction method using the Khatri–Rao product to tackle the matrix rank deficiency problem in the virtual array condition. The simulation results show that our proposed method can not only achieve high estimation accuracy with low complexity compared to other similar approaches, but also utilize limited sensor number to implement the angle estimation tasks.

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Mohaghegh, Maral, and Babak Shirazi. "Strategic Assessment of Power Smart Grid Technology Capabilities and Attractiveness: A Case Study on Iran Power Distribution Company." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 14, no. 03 (May 8, 2017): 1750010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877017500109.

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Power smart grid is a new concept to solve the basic problems of the current power network with higher reliability and safety, self-healing, the ability to support renewable energy sources and reducing environmental impacts. Novelty and necessity of power smart grid knowledge have shown that utilization and acquisition of these technologies need a spectacular management. The purpose of this study is to identify and select key technologies for investment and acquisition. According to that, this paper uses technology mapping for identification and attractiveness-capability matrix for evaluation and selection of appropriate technologies in Iran power distribution company (IPDC). Finally, 26 critical technologies have been identified and prioritized as strategic plan of IPDC. The proposed methodology is the resulted technology strategy in the IPDC.

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46

Jawecki, Tobias, Winfried Auzinger, and Othmar Koch. "Computable upper error bounds for Krylov approximations to matrix exponentials and associated $${\varvec{\varphi }}$$-functions." BIT Numerical Mathematics 60, no. 1 (September 11, 2019): 157–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10543-019-00771-6.

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Abstract An a posteriori estimate for the error of a standard Krylov approximation to the matrix exponential is derived. The estimate is based on the defect (residual) of the Krylov approximation and is proven to constitute a rigorous upper bound on the error, in contrast to existing asymptotical approximations. It can be computed economically in the underlying Krylov space. In view of time-stepping applications, assuming that the given matrix is scaled by a time step, it is shown that the bound is asymptotically correct (with an order related to the dimension of the Krylov space) for the time step tending to zero. This means that the deviation of the error estimate from the true error tends to zero faster than the error itself. Furthermore, this result is extended to Krylov approximations of $$\varphi $$φ-functions and to improved versions of such approximations. The accuracy of the derived bounds is demonstrated by examples and compared with different variants known from the literature, which are also investigated more closely. Alternative error bounds are tested on examples, in particular a version based on the concept of effective order. For the case where the matrix exponential is used in time integration algorithms, a step size selection strategy is proposed and illustrated by experiments.

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47

Gogodze, Joseph. "Ranking-Theory Methods for Solving Multicriteria Decision-Making Problems." Advances in Operations Research 2019 (April 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3217949.

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The Pareto optimality is a widely used concept for the multicriteria decision-making problems. However, this concept has a significant drawback—the set of Pareto optimal alternatives usually is large. Correspondingly, the problem of choosing a specific Pareto optimal alternative for the decision implementation is arising. This study proposes a new approach to select an “appropriate” alternative from the set of Pareto optimal alternatives. The proposed approach is based on ranking-theory methods used for ranking participants in sports tournaments. In the framework of the proposed approach, we build a special score matrix for a given multicriteria problem, which allows the use of the mentioned ranking methods and to choose the corresponding best-ranked alternative from the Pareto set as a solution of the problem. The proposed approach is particularly useful when no decision-making authority is available, or when the relative importance of various criteria has not been evaluated previously. The proposed approach is tested on an example of a materials-selection problem for a sailboat mast.

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Fu, Guoqiang, Chun Tao, Tengda Gu, Caijiang Lu, Hongli Gao, and Xiaolei Deng. "A Workspace Visualization Method for a Multijoint Industrial Robot Based on the 3D-Printing Layering Concept." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 29, 2020): 5241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155241.

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The workspace of a robot provides the necessary constraint information for path planning and reliable control of the robot. In this paper, a workspace visualization method for a multijoint industrial robot is proposed to obtain a detailed workspace by introducing the 3D-printing layering concept. Firstly, all possible joint-angle groups of one pose in the joints’ ranges are calculated in detail according to the POE (product of exponential) theory-based forward-kinematics expressions of the multijoint industrial robot. Secondly, a multisolution selection method based on the key degree of the joint is proposed to select the appropriate joint-angle groups. The key degrees of all joints and their key order are obtained according to the sensitivity expressions of all joint angles, calculated from the Jacobian matrix of the robot. One principle based on the smallest differences of the nominal angle is established to select the possible solutions for one joint from the possible solutions for the joint with the smaller key order. The possible solutions for the joint with the highest key order are the appropriate joint-angle group. Thirdly, a workspace visualization method based on the layering concept of 3D printing is presented to obtain a detailed workspace for a multijoint industrial robot. The boundary formula of each layer is derived by forward kinematics, which is expressed as a circle or a ring. The maximum and minimum values of the radius are obtained according to the travel range of the joint angles. The height limitations of all layers are obtained with forward kinematics. A workspace boundary-extraction method is presented to obtain the array of path points of the boundary at each layer. The proposed postprocessing method is used to generate the joint-angle code of each layer for direct 3D printing. Finally, the effectiveness of the multisolution selection method and the workspace visualization method were verified by simulation and experiment.

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Zhang, Zhe, Yong Qin, Limin Jia, and Xin’an Chen. "Visibility Graph Feature Model of Vibration Signals: A Novel Bearing Fault Diagnosis Approach." Materials 11, no. 11 (November 13, 2018): 2262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112262.

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Reliable fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is an important issue for the normal operation of many rotating machines. Information about the structure dynamics is always hidden in the vibration response of the bearings, and it is often very difficult to extract them correctly due to the nonlinear/chaotic nature of the vibration signal. This paper proposes a new feature extraction model of vibration signals for bearing fault diagnosis by employing a recently-developed concept in graph theory, the visibility graph (VG). The VG approach is used to convert the vibration signals into a binary matrix. We extract 15 VG features from the binary matrix by using the network analysis and image processing methods. The three global VG features are proposed based on the complex network theory to describe the global characteristics of the binary matrix. The 12 local VG features are proposed based on the texture analysis method of images, Gaussian Markov random fields, to describe the local characteristics of the binary matrix. The feature selection algorithm is applied to select the VG feature subsets with the best performance. Experimental results are shown for the Case Western Reserve University Bearing Data. The efficiency of the visibility graph feature model is verified by the higher diagnosis accuracy compared to the statistical and wavelet package feature model. The VG features can be used to recognize the fault of rolling bearings under variable working conditions.

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Wray, Naomi R., and Robin Thompson. "Prediction of rates of inbreeding in selected populations." Genetical Research 55, no. 1 (February 1990): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300025180.

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SummaryA method is presented for the prediction of rate of inbreeding for populations with discrete generations. The matrix of Wright's numerator relationships is partitioned into ‘contribution’ matrices which describe the contribution of the Mendelian sampling of genes of ancestors in a given generation to the relationship between individuals in later generations. These contributions stabilize with time and the value to which they stabilize is shown to be related to the asymptotic rate of inbreeding and therefore also the effective population size, where N is the number of individuals per generation and μr and are the mean and variance of long-term relationships or long-term contributions. These stabilized values are then predicted using a recursive equation via the concept of selective advantage for populations with hierarchical mating structures undergoing mass selection. Account is taken of the change in genetic parameters as a consequence of selection and also the increasing ‘competitiveness’ of contemporaries as selection proceeds. Examples are given and predicted rates of inbreeding are compared to those calculated in simulations. For populations of 20 males and 20, 40, 100 or 200 females the rate of inbreeding was found to increase by as much as 75% over the rate of inbreeding in an unselected population depending on mating ratio, selection intensity and heritability of the selected trait. The prediction presented here estimated the rate of inbreeding usually within 5% of that calculated from simulation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Concept selection. Pugh matrix'

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