Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Concepts politiques'
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Frugier, Fabien Boulin Jean-Yves. "Les politiques temporelles en France et en Europe concepts, enjeux et réalisations /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessid/rrbfrugier.pdf.
Full textDageförde, Mirjam. "Evaluating representation from citizens’ perspective : concepts of congruence, context and Europeans’ representational judgments." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0042.
Full textThe thesis aims at evaluating representation in Europe while emphasizing the need to consider the individual citizen’s perspective. It develops a new and original perspective on how congruence between citizens and parties affects systemic satisfaction. It draws on Pitkin’s theory on representation and the most recent theoretical advancements which focus mainly on representatives. The thesis highlights the important role of political parties, especially in the European context. After elaborating the “supply” side of the representational link (political parties), it demonstrates how the relation of citizens and the state is analyzed in public opinion research – the “demand”-side. In a next step, the dissertation refers to approaches which combine the supply and the demand-side of the representational link. In particular, it focuses on the concept of congruence. Building up on these lines in research, the thesis reveals gaps in existing research and develops an innovative insight into the representational link. Based on a differentiated normative understanding of “good” representation, the dissertation develops new standards for judging representation from citizens’ perspective. It develops new conceptualizations of congruence on the micro-level and suggests a typology of congruence between citizens and parliamentary parties, including micro- and macro-measures, resulting in nine different conceptualizations. The new concepts are introduced through (1) identifying the criteria for evaluating representation that every perspective suggests and (2) the formulation of the implicit standard for evaluating representation. These standards are transformed into empirical indicators. Based on this new, nuanced understanding of “good” representation, the dissertation explains how the characteristics of party-systems impact on different types of congruence. Further, the thesis contributes to the explanation of citizens’ political attitudes. It formulates nuanced assumptions about the relation between congruence and perceived responsiveness, yet highlighting the need to distinguish between an aggregate and an individual perspective on representation. The empirical analysis is based on an own original dataset which integrates EES-and CHES-data. First, the descriptive part of the empirical analysis compares congruence within the EU-member-states for the year 2014. We explore congruence on the micro- and on the macro-level with reference to multiple issue-dimensions that relate to societal cleavages or dimensions on which parties compete. The empirical analysis reveals a differentiated judgment about the functioning of representation in the EU- member-states, depending on the respective understanding of “good” representation. Second, we explain the relation of party-systems and congruence and provide greater insight into the relation of context and the quality of representation. The study refers – again – to multiple issue-dimensions and systematically compares the results of the dissertation with findings offered by the conventional macro-perspective on congruence. Third, the thesis tests how congruence influences citizens’ representational judgments via multi-level models. The analysis accounts for the nuanced conceptualization of congruence and is conducted for multiple issue-dimensions. The results provide new insights into the relevance of different standards for evaluating representation for citizen’s attitudes and accounts for differences between issue-dimensions. Concluding, the thesis illustrates how these results impact on our understanding of good representation, relates the findings to the presumed “crisis of representation” and highlights how this dissertation might inspire future research
Götze, Susanne. "Die Neue französische Linke von 1958- 1968 : Engagement, Kritik, Utopie." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0381.
Full textThis work examines the political tendencies of the "Nouvelle Gauche" in France in the period 1960-1968, which have developed (or : constituted themselves) beyond the established party structures and conventional (or better: traditional?) socialist paradigms since the end of the 1950s. Based on the concept of the "Social Field" developed by Pierre Bourdieu, the interactions between the new party structures (Parti Socialiste Unifié), intellectuals clubs, magazines (classic Nouvelle Gauche) as well as cultural movements shall be studied from the viewpoint of developing alternative approaches for the society. These different actors have in common that they developed before the riots of 1968 new theoretical approaches to the subject of work, "democratic socialism", direct democracy, colonial policy, self-government (or better: self-administration?), the public and the relationship between art and politics. The intellectual, artistic and political movements of the "new left" opposed the logic of "camps mentality” of the Cold War and developed their own political programs of a "Third Way" beyond the Marxist dogmatism and the "discredited" reformist social democracy in the Western industrialized countries.This work combines policy- and cultural-historical problems, which are handled by methods of the critique of ideology as well as discourse analysis, and starts with the foundation of the Parti Socialiste unifié (PSU) in 1960, that acted as "the amalgam of the discarded" and as "new left". 18 months before, the party Socialiste Autonome (PSA) was founded, whose followers had broken away from the socialist SFIO and are placed now in the political landscape of France between SFIO and PCF.Usually, the focus of previous studies has been and is still the history of parties in the context of international and domestic political events (war in Algeria, appeasement in the era of Khrushchev, transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Republic, rebellions in Eastern Europe against the Soviet domination). In contrast, this work shall on the one hand deal with the political, extra-parliamentary, intellectual and artistic field of the "Nouvelle Gauche" under programmatic and intellectual historical point of view, and on the other hand work out biographical and social interdependencies. The question which discourses and debates about a "Third Way" or a "democratic socialism" were held – in contrast to the Soviet model and Western social democratic or socialist concepts – is prepended this investigation. The question is risen for which reasons intellectuals, artists as well as politicians seceded from the dogmatic course of the KPF, joined undogmatic, new ways of thinking and started to develop "Third Ways" between the existing fronts of the Cold War. With respect to this background, new answers are expected to the problem how the outlined "Undogmatic" or "New Left" has been impulse and "theoretical incubator" (bin mir nicht sicher, ob das im englischen geht) for the rebellions in May 1968
Zotti, Rabih. "Y a-t-il convergence du développement en Europe ? : Concepts, mesures et politiques de développement." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12015/document.
Full textSince its foundation, one of the main objectives of the European Union has been the « harmonization » of the development levels of its member states and their regions. The European « harmonious development » is based on improving economic, social and territorial cohesion. Measured by the level of economic convergence, this cohesion seems to be well established at the national level (at least for the EU-15 countries) but remains mixed at the regional levels. Furthermore, the European Commission’s cohesion policies are based on economic convergence not only as an indicator for poor regions’ eligibility for funds; but also as an evaluation tool for its European policy. Nevertheless, « harmonious development » cannot be reduced to the single economic convergence. Social and environmental convergence would show different trends of « harmonious development ». In this thesis, we consider the converging development of the EU-27 member states and regions according to other concepts of development. European convergence is then re-analyzed for the last two decades through indicators going beyond the economic growth paradigm
Braid, Robert. "Peste, prolétaires et politiques : la Législation du travail et les politiques économiques en Angleterre aux XIIIème et XIVe siècles (concepts, réalités et contexte européen)." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070053.
Full textImmediately after the Black Death of 1348-49, the central government in England established a series of labour regulations in an attempt to limit the effects of the crisis caused by the loss of almost half of the population. Although this sort of regulation had existed only at the local level prior to the epidemic, establishing labour legislation became a main function of the central government for centuries afterwards. If secular authorities everywhere in Europe enacted similar statutes in response to the same crisis, English labour policy was unique in its approach to regulating economic activity and in its evolution. Labour ordinances and the court records that attest to their enforcement have been studied by many historians, but none has analysed how these first measures, which established an important precedent for all subsequent central labour legislation, were conceived and drafted. This study seeks to fill the gap in the historiography by examining in detail the precise conceptual, economic and social context in which this legislation was developed, by investigating various ways in which central and local authorities in England and elsewhere in Europe regulated economic activity prior to the plague, by tracing the development of this first series of measures and by comparing them with attempts to control the labour market faced with a similar crisis on the continent. This study reveals the emergence of central labour policy in England, a primary characteristic of modem states, and evaluates the impact of the Black Death on the process
Floss, Sidney. "Les critiques de la notion de souveraineté en Droit et Sciences Politiques : l'évolution sématique des concepts source de confusion." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G005/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis questions the reasons behind the current crisis of the concept of sovereignty. Most critics claim they denounce sovereignty in its classical sense, that is to say as expressed by Hobbes and Bodin. We will show that these critics fail to identify their object. They don’t aim at the notion of sovereignty as developed by Hobbes and Bodin, but rather a reconstruction of it. The idea defended here is that paradigmatic evolutions within the various disciplines dealing with sovereignty have deeply altered its meaning, as well as the meaning of the terms defining it. Concepts such as power, State, and Law have been changed according to the evolution of the States and the concerns of researchers in various fields. This work endeavors to clarify the plurality of meanings granted to these different concepts in order to show that the current critics of sovereignty are substituting their own definitions for the terms used by Bodin and Hobbes. Thus, it appears that by using sovereignty in its original sense, it cannot be regarded as limited
Bignami, Filippo. "La politique de la citoyenneté en Europe : appartenance et citoyenneté : population et évolution des concepts sociopolitiques de la citoyenneté dans l’Union européenne." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083854.
Full textThis PhD thesis asks in an innovative way what kind of conception(s) of socio-political transformation of citizenship have emerged over time within the European integration process. Research on European citizenship has tended to fall into a sceptical strand relying on the nation-state model of citizenship (often called the no demos position) or a more visionary strand which interprets the developments of rights on the EU level as a postnational disconnection of citizenship from nationality. These normative strands have tended to translate the question of what should it be, into factual statements on what citizenship in the EU actually is (and what might be in the future). The starting point for this research aim is an individuation of the emerging model of polity and a critic update of the existing literature on European citizenship, from the political and social aspects in particular and considering as well the historical perspective. This thesis aims to overcome this through a theoretically informed, yet empirically oriented study, of how conceptions of European citizenship have developed, starting from the definition of the actual functional-political dimension that influences primarly the concept of citizenship. Theoretically, the thesis avoids the typical model approach of citizenship studies. It does so by focusing on citizenship as a status of individuals constituted through four analytically distinct, yet inter-related dimensions: a) membership, considered from the point of view of enlarging EU process depending from the policies; b) rights in a neo-functional optic; c) participation in the modern forms of policy; d) identity as ultimate effect in the frame of actual polities. This provides a dynamic theory based on the political transformations and evolutions of citizenship within the polities and within the transformation of the socio-political asset of EU, where the appearance of and relationship between dimensions is not settled a priori, but rather needs to be scrutinised in practice. In order to achieve the mentioned aim the thesis is organised in seven chapters to trace a coherent and consequential disciplinary flow. The first chapter collects, maps and organises the main citizenship’ theories, focusing the concept and figuring out the dimensions of the citizenship. The second chapter enters in the deep of the concept of European citizenship. The third chapter defines the conceptions of citizenship’s researching in the European Union in term of methodology and dimensions of empirical field. The fourth chapter analyses in detail the conceptions oc citizenship in the European Union policy practices in a longitudinal optic, in order to figure our which were (and are/will be) the visions and the features of state-nation in the field. The fifth chapter traces a historical review of conceptions of citizenship in the process of EU Constitution making. The sixth chapter is the survey on the field, to map the state of art of (European) citizenship through a qualified panel. The last chapter contains conclusions and try to set perspectives about the trajectory of European citizenship
Guillaume, Bertrand. "L'articulation entre évaluation et négociation environnementales : Concepts et techniques pour les politiques publiques de prévention et de gestion térritoriale des risques naturels." Paris, ENSAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENAM0031.
Full textBoussou, Viviane. "De l’efficacité des mots et concepts dans la définition des politiques économiques : étude du cas de la Côte d'Ivoire à travers une analyse des discours." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV026/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the analysis of official and usual discourses in order to evaluate the efficiency of wording and concepts in the definition of the economic development policies implemented in Côte d'Ivoire, a country which was considered as a showcase of the implementation of these policies.The conceptual framework refers to the work of Pierre Bourdieu (1982, 1991), who emphasizes the power of discourse and associated vocabulary. Indeed, according to Bourdieu, there is a linguistic market on which is exchanged, an overbidding of words and concepts. In keeping with this vision, we believe that there is also such a market that is specific to development. This market is characterized by a balance of power between social actors for the control of a "symbolic power" which asserts itself in linguistic exchanges. Some of these actors named as "experts" thus create the words of development, while others, notably developing country governments (DCs) and their populations, receive, integrate or reinterpret them, sometimes giving another meaning. And as in any market, an equilibrium price allows regulating the exchanges. The amount of credits and financing granted by donors may be considered as such a price.In this context, the power of words and related concepts in the definition and implementation of economic development policies and their effectiveness in terms of poverty reduction can be questioned. It is answering to this question which constitutes the objective of the thesis.In order to answer this question we examined the discourse of the various stakeholders involved in the development of Côte d'Ivoire, by comparing the results of qualitative interviews from actors of the Ivorian social life to the official texts of the government and the Bretton Woods institutions IBW).The first part of the thesis examines the history of Côte d'Ivoire's economic development policies, showing how a discourse based on economic theories that underpins the practices of development allows the emergence of a symbolic power. Thus, is the so-called "Ivorian economic miracle", the failure of which led to structural adjustment policies and then to the objectives of poverty reduction. At each stage, the appearance of specific terms, concepts and expressions, have corroborated the sets of actors and underlying theories that are not always explicitly stated.The second part shows how, following the adjustment policies and the ensuing crisis, Côte d'Ivoire has tried to adapt its economic development policies to the new concepts and words such as " resilience "," equity "or" emergence ", with reference to the sustainable human development approach. It is perhaps an opportunity for her to regain, through new linguistic exchanges within the development market, the symbolic power she possessed before
Entin, Gabriel. "La République en Amérique hispanique : langages politiques et construction de la communauté au Rio de La Plata, entre monarchie catholique et révolution d'indépendance." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0146.
Full textDuring Spanish America's early nineteenth century revolutions, more than twenty republics were organized after three hundred years of monarchy. Rather than a political form of government, the republic referred to the constitution of a new community, and to a language of politic al liberty, virtue, patriotism and common good. The construction of the republic belongs to a long history of the res publica, first conceived by Cicero, and reformulated in different Atlantic world contexts, including that of the Spanish monarchy. The theory of the res publica is based on what is done by a group of men, a political community: the law; the patria; citizenship; and religion. This conceptualization of the res publica, which had been put into practice in the rebellions of the seventeenth-century United Provinces (Netherlands) against Spain, also emerged in the writings of Hispanic monarchical jurists and theologians. References to the republic as a political body shaped an anti-absolutist discourse subsequently silenced during the Bourbon dynasty. With the monarchical crisis caused by the royal abdications in 1808, a scenario of political experimentation focused in the cities is created; an experimentation that turns over the exceptional problem of representing an absent King. In Spanish America, the first governing assemblies sought to represent the territories of the viceroyalties, initiating revolution and war. The case of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata and its revolutionaries, republicans and Catholics at the same time, highlights the tensions and ambiguities inherent in building a disembodied republic. It also exemplifies the main aspects of Latin America republicanism
Sarmis, Dilek. "La pensée de Bergson dans la genèse de la Turquie moderne : un prisme des transitions lexicales, institutionnelles et politiques de la fin de I'Empire ottoman à la Turquie républicaine." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0077.
Full textSince the 1910s, the reception of the French philosopher Henri Bergson among the mostly Francophone literary elite of the Ottoman Empire established his thought as a tool of the spiritualist reaction to the dominant positivist and materialist paradigm. While one of the first Ottoman readings of his work associated Bergsonian intuitionism with Sufi spiritualism, epistemological and disciplinary dynamics of the late imperial period created the conditions for its evolvement into a new psycho-philosophy. The War of Independence led by the future Ataturk in response to the collapse of the Empire during the First World War found expression in the review Dergah (1921-1923), which erected Bergsonism to the rank of a salvational philosophy. Alternative and spiritualist rationality, mobilization by the elan vital, and intuitionisn as a means of access to knowledge: the registers mobilized by Bergsonians constituted a psycho-philosophical epistemology seductive in times of crisis, which found its institutional counterpart in the Ottoman Darulfunun and during Republican times Istanbul University. After 1923, translations of Bergson accompanied a transposition of his philosophemes into the socio political field: nourishing a spiritualist yet secularized interpretation of the religious, they contributed to an alternative expression, described as conservative, of Kemalist republicanism and the political notion of time. This work questions, by means of the historicization of Bergsonian concepts, the modes in which the philosophical is envisaged as a discourse order that is actualized through epistemological, linguistic, institutional, religious or political shapings
Vullierme, Jean-Louis. "Le Concept de système politique." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610685f.
Full textVullierme, Jean-Louis. "Le concept de système politique." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010283.
Full textBenichou, Patrick. "L'Influence du concept de race en politique." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375959013.
Full textPark, Ki-Soon. "L'historicité de l'être et la politique du signe : recherches sur les implications ontologiques, épistémologiques et politiques du concept d'historia chez Spinoza." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040009.
Full textThe aim of this work is to shed a new light on an important, jet unexplored aspect of spinozism: the spinozist concept of historicity. In the 7th chapter of the Tractatus theologico-politicus, Spinoza proposes historia as a method of inquiry into nature, which consists in collecting facts in order to find the appropriate definition of things. The question we ask about historia is: if the deductive and genetical approach of Spinoza's geometrical method relies on the power of understanding, on which power is based the historical and genetical approach of historia? Our research shows that it is on the power of images that last by virtue of the multitude of their causes. It is this power of duration that constitutes the principle of stability or equilibrium of the individual which characterize Spinoza's conception of being. And this power of duration is also able to show the mechanism of the formation of universals. But Spinoza's metaphysics of stability ― not of solidity ― supposes that equilibrium sustains itself through singular variations. Consequently, history as the flow of things appears as a process where universals and singulars, solidity and fluidity, stability and variation, continuity and rupture act together. Language as an infinite power is a perfect instance of this way they are acting together
Loïzos, Nicolas D. "Etude comparée du concept de politique sociale." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615346x.
Full textLoïzos, Nicolas D. "Etude comparee du concept de politique sociale." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010572.
Full textArmaner, Mehmet Türker. "Le concept de "l'Etat politique" chez Fichte." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.bibliotheque-numerique-paris8.fr/fre/ref/167936/180246313/.
Full textThis dissertation attempts to analyse the concept of " State " in Fichte's system by considering the continuity between the "ontological" and "political" realms. The present work claims that, the "fichtean State", which lies in both domains, is a contradictory entity; that is, it contains two terms, freedom and necessity, by not providing a coherent justification. According to the analysis of the dissertation, the second fundamental principle in the Science of Knowledge (Wissenschaftslehre), "I posits Not-I", is the ontological ground of State in Fichte's philosophy. This assertion refers to the concept of "causality", for it is used interchangeably with the activity of "positing" in Fichte's texts. Following Fichte's argumentation, it is demonstrated that the construction of the "State", in this system, is the construction of "I-hood": the conjunction of individual and sovereign, thesis and antithesis. Hence, in this dissertation, it is asserted that the system of Fichte, because of its circular structure and indefinite ground, is an incomplete paradigm
Giraldo, García Fernando. "Le concept de démocratie dans le discours politique de la gauche colombienne : le cas de l'Union Patriotique." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030053.
Full textThe concept of democracy in the political discourse of left wing political parties in colombia has been profoundly influenced by a traditional political behavior that has constantly responded to an existing formal democracy; and that has continually applied a limited model of democracy; moreover, the political discours of the left in colombia has been result of a strict adherence to marxist ideologies. Although the patriotic union's political statement has not had any substantial changes, it has progressed to extend of its formal acceptance of democratic means. But he structure of communist ideology is still present in the patriotic union's party, in spite of its schism from the colombian communist party. The patriotic union remains faithful to the standard principles of socialism; however its organic and political independence from the communist party gives it a wider scope, and the opportunity to offer alternative explanations to various socio-economic problems. Its is essential to note that both the form and content of the patriotic union's discourse is an attempt at uniqueness; instead of adhering to traditional styles of political discourse of both left and right wing parties in colombia. Nevertheless this work responds to questions relating to the success of failure of this new political discourse which is an alternative to the traditional bipartisan system, and more specifically, the work tries to respond to questions regarding the existence or non-existence. .
Chaouad, Robert. "Une histoire politique du concept de défense européenne." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082497.
Full textTo make the political history of the concept of European defence, it is to redraw the history of the political and politics speech produced on the European defence, it is to interrogate the identity of the social construction to which this speech gave place. We shall approach the relationship between the question of the defence and the question of politics by asking us if the reduction of the speech on the "European defence" in its essentially military aspects (technical, functional) does not lead to deny or to avoid the question of politics. We shall try to discover that, notably, since the political and scientific rhetoric – from problems and tools of analysis which the political science mobilizes when it seizes this object. We shall see that the binary plan connecting mechanically the military question in politics is not enough. It will be necessary to add to it, to be able to seize what structurally the concept of European defence, the question of the otherness
El, Alami Mohammed. "Réflexion sur le concept d'État-Nation dans les pays d'Afrique noire de tradition juridique française." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR1002.
Full textBéhar, Céline. "Crédibilité de la politique monétaire : du concept à l'empirisme." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010057.
Full textDuring the past decade, there has been a significant shift in attitude by many authorities of industrialized contries toward the objectives and the conduct of monetary policy. The new policy was deliberately made public and the opinion was that monetary and, specially stabilisation policy, is more effective if it is credible for private economic agents. The most general interpretation of credibility is "the extent to which beliefs about current and future course of economic policy are consistent with the program originally announced by policy makers", that is time inconsistency (Kydland and Prescott (1977)). The plan of the study is as follow. First part reviews some important concept of game theory, describes models with different asumption on information and discusses some empirical results. Second part is a research of the credibility of the French-Deutsche mark exchange rate using kalman filtering and target zone theory
Mukulumanya, wa N'gate Zenda Wa N'Gate Zenda. "Authenticité : concept et méthode." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR2006.
Full textSince the wars of conquest, slavery and colonization, through the first and the second world war, the wars of leadership between the great powers, wars of cultural domination, economic wars, occupation and annexation of foreign lands, looting of natural resources, seeded by globalization which aims to reformat humanity, have caused and continue to cause not only the death of millions of people , but also the destruction and disappearance of many traditions and cultures, most often in the name of ideals such as freedom, democracy and development, resulting in the loss of values of the human being and its authenticity. But philosophy has itself the power to recreate for the realization of the human project of 'being', which requires neither denial nor abandonment, if it is inspired by the history of his ideas and his fights. To ward off the threat of disappearance of being authentic Martin Heidegger had dreamed project, Mukulumanya wa N’Gate Zenda guest philosophers and political scientists to rediscover here the philosophical ideas that, since Socrates, walked up to give birth to the authenticity that, in this thesis, it defines and offers them as philosophy and political ideology favorable to 'being' and humanity from the 21st century It is so urgent to save
Pons, André. "Le Démocratique essai de construction d'un concept de philosophie politique /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617612x.
Full textViaud, Pierre. "Le concept d'humanite dans la pensee politique du xixe siecle." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05D007.
Full textThe concept of mankind and human race unity is established for the first time by judaism and christianism. But concurrently a new concept will appear during the xvie century in the laical political theories, driven by the will to separate temporal politics of spiritual. Into 3 hundred years, the concept has been laicised. But the passage of the mankind, conceptualized as a simple human community, without political meaning, to an autonomous and specific concept-actor of inernational relations will happen during the xixth century under the pression of 3 philosophies. A first on where the concept is defined with regard to the one of state, nation and people. State become in it a step of the unity of the human race. A second philosophy focuses her thinking on the rebuild of the human community social organization, which must progress to reach the hapiness for all. At last, a third philosophy rebels against the concept of state and nation, and employs the one of mankind concurrently as an active concept of international relations. So, a new conception of laicity can be seen. So can be some new international organization projets during this key century
Griard, Jérémie. "Le concept de souveraineté dans la pensée politique de Leibniz." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040113.
Full textEager to get for his envoys the title of ambassador to Nijmegen Congress, the prince of Hanover, John Frederick of Brunswick-Luneburg, entrusted Leibniz with the duty of defending his legation right. Thus, in 1677, the philosopher composed the De jure suprematus ac legationis principum Germaniae that he signed with the name of Caesarinus Fürstenerius. This pen-name by itself sets problematics : little Cesar, littel prince. . . Or how to conciliate German princes' sovereignty with their membership of the Holy Roman Empire ? To answer the question, Leibniz distinguishes sovereignty from majesty within the autocracy. The first one is no more than the right of forcing its own without being forced except by a war, whereas the second one is the right of ordering without being ordered. If at first sight this distinction seemed imposed by the will of John Frederick, it is however justified out of circumstances. Patient reconstitution of the sovereignty concept presents an originality in its internal and external sides. Inside, without having recourse to a new contractarianism, Leibniz justifies the subjects obedience to the sovereign by the regard he brings them and the safety he grants them. Outside, sovereignty retention, notwithstanding obedience to upper authority, allows, in its part, to account for federations constitution. The sovereingty concept neither making shift with trying to serve a prince's interests nor explaining the most various situations, concentrates Leibniz's political thought. Beyond its appeal to a parliamentary monarchy, it opens the irenic ways Leibniz will follow, rising from the states unity to their union. Invitation to visit again a neglected political thought, this concept breaks our certitudes : sovereignty would not be any longer in independencies rivalry, but in the balance of relationships. .
Pons, André. "Le démocratique : essai de construction d'un concept de philosophie politique." Dijon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988DIJOL002.
Full textThis thesis aims to create the concept of a political philosophy to be known as the democratic, which is to be used as a noun and is not synonymous with the adjective. This theory is required in as much as the modern political philosophy does not include that precedes and conditions the creation of the body politic, but which above all should be preserved. The classical philosophy presupposes the existence of the democratic without identifying it as such. Having become a political category, the democratic can only achieve its position in the political philosophy by modifying it. Giving a meaning to the democratic entails theoretical consequences concerning the role of the state and the meaning of the people, pluralism, maturation and democracy. In addition, it offers a different appreciation of voluntary servitude and totalitarianism. Since the concept of the democratic claims to contribute to a bitter understanding of experience and history, it will be necessary to locate its traces in different places and at different times in history. The democratic attempts to find a way that would go beyond the conflict between the classical political philosophy and the modern political philosophy by restoring its meaning to the phusis, while retaining the role of history. The democratic holds as an essential assumption that since man lives through language and since debate must be permanent, though in different forms; security is therefore not the foremost objective of the policy
Gharakhani, Ali. "L’ insertion du concept de développement durable dans les politiques urbaines à Téhéran." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100062.
Full textThis study proposes to revisit the application process of urban policies and their operation in environmental sustainability in Tehran. In spite of the clear willingness of the urban authorities, expressed through organizations and local and national policies, the largest city of Iran, was unable to a desirable level and remains still in degraded environmental conditions. Issues section of this research is to understand why such a situation prevails in the city. To this goal, this thesis covered a rather large field to bring out several factors such as historical, geographical, regulatory and administrative settings that seem to be critical in the implementation of sustainable development. On the methodological level, consultation and seizure of numerous documents urban and environmental and territorial diagnostic reports allowed to check the validity of the hypotheses. According to the results released, urban management in Tehran suffers disadvantages such as political fragmentation, multiplicity of actors and antinomy in the regulations, all increasing in intensity and extent of the environmental damage alleged to correct. Specific geographical features of the city exacerbate this state while stifling political-administrative and socio-economic centrality dominated the history of the Iranian capital increases constantly the measure of the negative aspects on the ecology of the city. Improving this situation would claim, in accordance with the precepts of sustainable development, urban governance across Tehran metropolitan area in partnership with civil society, including NGOs that are not welcome to the current government in office
Magun, Artémy. "La Révolution : le concept et l'expérience : la déconstruction du sujet politique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20083.
Full textThis thesis suggests a reconstruction of the concept of revolution from the point of view of the new historical experience, that of post-communist Russia of 1990s. The common traits between post-communist Russia and the French revolution (1789-1799) let me show that the concept of revolution builds upon the paradoxical logic of negation. This logic penetrates the whole philosophical tradition of thinking the revolution. I give special atttention, in this context, to the two texts by Immanuel Kant that are dedicated to the French revolution : The Conflict of Faculties and the Metaphysics of morals, II. I show that negation, as a symbolic operation, is never successful, that its impossible object is ultimate destruction. Negation is easily obliterated, and always includes a latent moment in it. The logic of negation helps understanding the autodestructive history of revolution. It also allows reading Kant's reaction tho the French revolution. In these texts, Kant shows how the revolutionary task of the auto-foundation of the subject implicates the parallel project of his/her auto-destruction. Both projects remain unaccomplished, but the unaccomplished event inscribes itself in history, as a latent but irreversible fact. The revolution becomes a quasi-foundation of the subject who repeatedly returns to te place of his/her failure, to the place of his/her auto-foundation, returns just to recoil again in horror. The concept of revolution is essential to the understanding of the present political situation in the world, since it refers the predominant "democratic" political subjectivity, which remains imaginary, to its historical actuality that is the unconscious revolutionary event, the event where the inaccomplished negativity has been erupting
Arbesu, Verduzco Luis Ignacio. "La constitution d'un modelé pour la planification comme concept du Mexique." Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090044.
Full textGojosso, Eric. "Le concept de République en France (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle)." Aix-en-Provence (France) : Presses universitaires d'Aix-Marseille, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39081515.html.
Full textLe, Ny Marc. "Arendt:le temps politique des hommes : le temps comme dimension de la phénoménologie existentielle et politique d'Arendt." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070107.
Full textThe existential and phenomenological inspiration led Arendt to ascribe a decisive meaning to time in her analysis of the human condition. Labor is understood as a daily activity which we are compelled to carry out. Work is aimed at the production of things whose durability guarantees the permanence of the anthropical and shared world. Action is the experience of the irreversible of which men are capable do together. The other activities (thought, will, violence, etc. ) do not escape this general analysis. Arendt's thought provide an original understanding of human life, fundamentally structured by a plurality of temporalities : the daily time of labor and work, as well as the mutability which continuously shakes up the existence of men. This understanding implies a critique of the ontology of time one finds in traditional philosophy and phenomenology. This temporal determination of human life governs analysis of political phenoma. Though it, she is able to grasp the destruction of human time by the totalitarian regime. Revolution also proves to be a political event with a complex temporality, between beginning and duration, the law and authority. Finally, it leads Arendt to offer an hermeneutics of historicity of every age. This essay is an attempt to reveal the originality, the fruitfulness and the strength of Arendt's thought, owes a great deal to this attention to the temporalities of the homo temporalis
Slimani, Ahmed. "La modernité du concept de nation au XVIIIème siècle (1715-1789) : apports des thèses parlementaires et des idées politiques du temps." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32054.
Full textBa, Papa Ousmane. "Montesquieu et la liberté politique." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010589.
Full textSinaeian, Masoud. "Du politique au rapport théologico-politique chez Carl Schmitt." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H211.
Full textThe present research aims to reconstruct the contours of Carl Schmitt's concept of the political and theological-political ideas. It also examines what these theological-political interventions may imply about his conception of the political, and the structure of the question of what belongs to politics in modern history. First, we present the different dimensions of the concept of the political within the framework of a history of German legal theory of the state. The concept of the political is formed above all in this context and finds its main distinctions here. We then analyze the concept of the political in order to reconstruct its internal logic and functions. We argue that this logic has a double aspect, based on dichotomies such as prince-people, state-society, representation-identity, and so on. Second, we examine some of the limitations of Schmitt's ideas in the context of his reflections on major questions of a theological-political nature as well as on some authors selected in that context. Finally, we analyze Schmitt's metaphorical approach to the theological-political question as well as the idea of an analogical structural relation between theological and juridico-political thought. We also deal with the potential relationship of these theological-political interventions in his conception of the political
Cortés, Krischuk Pascual Armando. "Démocratie représentative et participative : oppositions théoriques, modèles sociologiques, réexamen de quelques concepts." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081982.
Full textAbbadie, Stéphane. "Anticipations auto-réalisatrices en économie politique exemples, concepts et prise en compte dans un processus décisionnel." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375952611.
Full textAbbadie, Stéphane. "Anticipations auto-réalisatrices en économie politique : exemples, concepts et prise en compte dans un processus décisionnel." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32050.
Full textIn a first part, we show some examples of self-fulfilling expectation in economics. For each of them, we want to get up the specific values that they have. In order to complete this way, we talk, in the second part, about the concepts made by economic writers on self-fulfilling processes of futur events as expectation, foresight or prophecy. The purpose of the third part is to build a model to take in consideration self-fulfilling expectations in a decision process (normed example). If self-fulfilling expectations seem present everywhere in economics, it can't be out of social preoccupations. Complet self-fulfilling expectations are only specific examples or school hypotheses. The most important is to show selffulfilling tendances of expectations. In this way, we use "abstract game" and dynamic solution" to build a "choices structure". In the end, we talk about two results of self-fulfilling expectations about our economic processes notions: the first is specific (expectation and government policy), the second is general (model and modeler)
Lenfant, Jean-Sébastien. "La substituabilité dans la théorie de la demande et des prix : généalogie d'un concept." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010018.
Full textBridenne, Isabelle. "La cohérence des politiques publiques : concept, mesure et application à la loi portant réforme des retraites." Nancy 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN20003.
Full textFraiberg-Pietra, Sophie. "L’idéal démocratique à l'épreuve du modèle sinaïtique : le concept d'Alliance." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100200.
Full textModern identity is defined by a democratic ideal in which the individual tends to become the source of each ethical value, as testified by the consecration of individual interest in the rise of the Human Rights thought. Such a process of secularization described by several sociologists implies that modernity defines itself against the past. With the concept of Alliance, we shall refute such a conception of modernity, according to which Moderns finally freed themselves from the alienation of traditional consciousness. In the very bosom of tradition takes place a "grinding" process between traditions, "spiritual blocks", Athens and Jerusalem, where one is used as reference against the other, following a pattern called by Rémi Brague "romanity", characterized by "cultural secondness", able both to take into account and, inextricably, to exclude. For Shmuel Trigano, this "appropriation of what is regarded as foreign" is nothing but a "negation of strangeness". Yet, strangeness being the very principle of the jewish idea of Alliance, it is the exclusion of the "Jew" that prevails in the consideration of the hebrew model. For us, what is at stake is to reassess those exclusions and appropriations. Since the roots of the democratic ideal are not exclusively greek, we have to reconsider this ideal in the light of the hebrew Alliance model, also known as sinaitic model. Though it has been a meaningful theoretical tool for such thinkers as Machiavelli, Hobbes and Spinoza, the Alliance elaborates another understanding of transcendance. Rehabilitating heteronomy is not aiming at giving some legitimacy to irrational commandments, but allows us to think a transcendantal act
Desrameaux, Alexandre. "Recherches sur le concept juridique de souveraineté monétaire." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020077.
Full textTegos, Spyridon. "Le concept des sentiments sociaux dans la philosophie politique classique (XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100031.
Full textAya, Rod. "Rethinking revolutions and collective violence : studies on concept, theory, and method /." Amsterdam : Het Spinhuis, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36663434m.
Full textChomilier, Frédéric. "Les concepts d'autoritarisme, de totalitarisme et de démocratie au regard de l'intégrité physique." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010277.
Full textFor half a century, the democratic system has constituted the model of political organization of reference. Then two prerequisites must be considered : - to define democracy and its limits - to precise the notion of dictatorship and especially the contemporaneous distinction between the authoritarianism and totalitarianism concepts. The comparative analysis between democracy, authoritarianism and totalitarianism has been developed around the respect of human rights. In this context, we have particularly studied the notion of physical integrity as the functioning behaviour of man. Placed in the study of democratic model, it becomes a central and driving force. The theories issued from this approach are put to the test by the facts observed between 1982 and 1987 in Chile and Poland. Our conclusions concern recognized but fragile democracies
Rouillé-Kielo, Gaële. "Traduction du concept de Paiements pour Services Hydriques, politiques de l'eau et processus de territorialisation au Kenya." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100074.
Full textThis PhD thesis explores the drivers and effects of the adoption of a "fashionable" concept in water conservation, that of "Payments for Watershed Services" (PWS). It adopts a multiscalar and actor-oriented stance by seeking to reconstruct the main steps from elaboration of the PWS concept within international scientific arenas to its implementation in locally based projects. The thesis is organised around the hypothesis of the production of a hydro-social territory constructed on the "watershed service" between upstream and downstream riparian inhabitants. It mainly builds on qualitative methods and focuses on a case study in the Naivasha region, where the first active PWS project was implemented in Kenya. It combines a "translation" approach with the mobilisation of critical concepts of political ecology. The thesis shows that the adoption of PWS corresponds to a period of transformation of the local conservationist configuration, notably driven by the recent reorientations of water conservation policies in Kenya. The problematisation of the project focuses on soil erosion coming from the upper-catchment and leads to a redistribution of roles. The discourses that fuel the project's "success" hide the main benefits that agricultural actors "enrolled" as "buyers" or "sellers" of watershed services derive from it. In the implementation zone, the territorialisation related to the PWS project must be relativised, both by the level of control exercised and with regard to the transformation of individuals’ relation to space
Abdelmadjid, Salim. "Un concept d'Afrique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040115.
Full textWe do not know what Africa is, and that ignorance has long had and still has unbearable consequences for African men and women. To bring a healing contribution to that, we undertake to raise the question: what is Africa? as a philosophical question and, in order to answer it, to put together a concept of Africa.Studying the history of Africa, from the end of the 15th century to the independencies, brings out the unifying and liberating productivity of the African negation of the colonial negation of what, thereby, became Africa. What we suggest to call “African negativity” is characterized by its contingent beginning, the relative circumscription of its periods and spaces, the heterogeneous nature of its processes. Its knowledge requires a singular empirical concept of Africa, whose rooting in reality depends on a coherent epistemological organizing of various human sciences in order to analyse, in all possible fields (politics, law, economics, art, and so on), the “dispositifs” of domination of Africa.The knowledge of the ways in which African negativity reaches completion also requires to take into consideration its worldwide dimension. The inadequacy between the concept of world (implying its unity) and its reality (its division, revealed by its asymmetrical frontiers) makes it possible at the same time to assert its inexistence and to fathom the intensity of its splitting apart in Africa.Thus raising the philosophical problem of Africa as that of the inexistence of the world, we further develop its concept as that of the u-topia of the existence of the world, and we maintain the need and radical interdependence of political unifying processes of Africa and the world
Khalatbari, Arash. "La cohésion résidentielle, concepts et mesures." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0040.
Full textSocial cohesion is a recurrent concept in urban policy and urban planning, an ideal concept whose underlying notion is order. This research studies an overall equilibrium situation on the localized scale of a collective habitat: Residential Cohesion. Several factors contribute to this balance, in particular the behaviors of the inhabitants. We propose the theory of values as a measurement tool for its explanatory potential of supra-individual behavioral dynamics
Bernardi, Bruno. "La fabrique des concepts : recherches sur l'invention conceptuelle chez Rousseau." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSF0041.
Full textThis dissertation is an attempt to revisit Rousseau's view through a study of the generation of his main theses. A description of what could be called his "laboratory", the production process of his views, allows a better understanding of what "reasoning as a philosopher" meant for him. Close attention is paid to the drafts, which reveal the thinker at work, and to the sequence of his writings on the same topic, which exhibit the results of his work. The issue of "conceptual invention" organizes our inquiry. Rousseau shaped his major views through a process of revision, migration and transformation of concepts he received from the theorical traditions he meant to confront. He thus gradually forged the concepts that this own intellectual horizon required. Each chapter deals with a specific concept. After emphasizing Rousseau's scientific references -the chemical ones in particular- we argue that the adopted a sort of paradoxal legacy technique, thus stepping aside from the mainstream philosophy, none the less standing at the center of French Enlightenment. A thorough scrutiny of the invention of the notion of general will allows weaving together the partial results primarily established and characterizing Rousseau' s invention method. Finally we argue that Rousseau's overall reflections on the anthropological, cognitive, and political status of the notion of generality sheds a new light of the general will issue. Along the way, we had to minimize the standart overestimation of references to Malebranche, upstream, and to Kant, downstream. The conclusion emphasizes the deep revisions that such an investigation of conceptual invention might bring into our understanding of Rousseau's philosophical views
Dromard, Frédéric-Guillaume. "Recherches sur le concept de démocratie dans le droit constitutionnel français." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010319.
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