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Kövecses, Zoltán. Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Cambridge University Press, 2020.
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Kövecses, Zoltán. Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Cambridge University Press, 2020.
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Kövecses, Zoltán. Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Cambridge University Press, 2020.
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Kövecses, Zoltán. Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2020.
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Kuźniak, Marek, Agnieszka Libura, and Michał Szawerna, eds. From Conceptual Metaphor Theory to Cognitive Ethnolinguistics. Peter Lang D, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/978-3-653-02794-5.
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From Conceptual Metaphor Theory to Cognitive Ethnolinguistics: Patterns of Imagery in Language. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2014.
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Libura, Agnieszka, Marek Kuzniak, and Michal Szawerna. From Conceptual Metaphor Theory to Cognitive Ethnolinguistics: Patterns of Imagery in Language. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2014.
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Kuzniak, Marek. From Conceptual Metaphor Theory to Cognitive Ethnolinguistics: Patterns of Imagery in Language. Lang Publishing, Incorporated, Peter, 2014.
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Libura, Agnieszka, Marek Kuzniak, and Michal Szawerna. From Conceptual Metaphor Theory to Cognitive Ethnolinguistics: Patterns of Imagery in Language. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2014.
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Libura, Agnieszka, Marek Kuzniak, and Michal Szawerna. From Conceptual Metaphor Theory to Cognitive Ethnolinguistics: Patterns of Imagery in Language. Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, Peter, 2014.
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Kövecses, Zoltán. Metaphor, Cognition, Culture. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879228.003.0002.
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The chapter reports on work concerned with the issue of how conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) functions as a link between culture and cognition. Three large areas are investigated to this effect. First, work on the interaction between conceptual metaphors, on the one hand, and folk and expert theories of emotion, on the other, is surveyed. Second, the issue of metaphorical universality and variation is addressed, together with that of the function of embodiment in metaphor. Third, a contextualist view of conceptual metaphors is proposed. The discussion of these issues leads to a new and integrated understanding of the role of metaphor and metonymy in creating cultural reality and that of metaphorical variation across and within cultures, as well as individuals.
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Figdor, Carrie. The Metaphor View. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809524.003.0006.
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Chapter 6 presents the view that psychological terms in these unexpected contexts are used metaphorically. It argues that there is no independent, non-question-begging evidence that the terms are used with metaphorical intent. It presents two main accounts of metaphor: the classical Gricean view and the view from relevance theory or pragmatic semantics. It argues that neither theory provides support for the Metaphor view because both versions of the view rest on a non-Literal interpretation of the predicates. It discusses epistemic metaphor, or the use of analogy in science, and shows how this is compatible with Literalism. It also sets aside the conceptual metaphor view put forward by George Lakoff and colleagues.
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Yu, Ning. The Moral Metaphor System. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192866325.001.0001.
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Abstract This book presents a study of moral metaphors in English and Chinese, applying cognitive linguistics’ conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) to a comparative study of linguistic manifestation of the moral metaphor system rooted in the domains of bodily and physical experience. It intends to shed light on the metaphorical nature of moral cognition and how it is systematically manifested in language. The study sets out with the central goal to contribute to the discovery of potential commonalities that define moral cognition in general as well as the detection of possible differences that characterize distinct cultures concerning moral cognition. It probes into moral cognition at the cultural level as reflected in language, based on linguistic evidence from both English and Chinese and, to a limited extent, multimodal evidence from the corresponding cultures. The moral metaphor system under study is taken as consisting of three major subsystems, named in a shorthand fashion as “physical”, “visual”, and “spatial”. The three subsystems are clusters of conceptual metaphors, whose source concepts are from domains of embodied experiences in the physical world, and which are formulated in contrastive categories with bipolar values for the target concepts moral and immoral. The study is characterized by two keywords: system and systematicity. The former refers to the fact that metaphors (conceptual and linguistic) are connected in networks; the latter refers to the need that metaphors should be studied in such networks.
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El-Sharif, Ahmad. The Muslim Prophetic Tradition. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0011.
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This chapter surveys the major conceptual metaphorical source domains in the Prophet Muhammad’s Tradition and their mappings with reference to Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The Prophetic discourse makes great use of metaphors whose source domains vary considerably. These metaphors are systematically classified in particular spatial domains. In addition, the Prophetic metaphors show considerable discrepancy in terms of their degree of generality and specificity: many metaphoric schemas are generic in their mapping, while a large number are very specific in their mapping. Furthermore, the majority of the Prophetic metaphors are common, due to the ontological and structural functions of most of the Prophetic metaphors. This can be attributed to the fact that Islamic religious discourse is packed with abstract notions, and metaphorical language is the most accessible method of conceptualising and facilitating the understanding of such religious abstraction.
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Bruhn, Mark J. Intentionality and Constraint in Conceptual Blending. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190457747.003.0005.
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This chapter proposes a systems-theoretic adjustment to conceptual blending theory with respect to the so-called generic space. In creative conceptualization, the generic space is not an optional by-product of conceptual mappings across previously and otherwise constituted input spaces, but rather their effective cause, and not by selecting for them but by massively constraining against anything not them. As a first approximation of the blend’s targeted or intended meaning, the generic space functions as an indispensable “proto-blend” that sets the parameters and satisfaction conditions for the resulting conceptual network. This underappreciated point is elaborated through case studies of three well-known and increasingly complex creative blends: a sentence-level metaphor (“This surgeon is a butcher!”), an extemporaneous discourse exchange (from the live radio talk show “Loveline”), and a highly iconic lyric poem (Richard Wilbur’s “Piazza di Spagna, Early Morning”).
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El Refaie, Elisabeth. Visual Metaphor and Embodiment in Graphic Illness Narratives. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678173.001.0001.
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This study uses the analysis of visual metaphor in 35 graphic illness narratives—book-length stories about disease in the comics medium—in order to re-examine embodiment in traditional Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and propose the more nuanced notion of “dynamic embodiment.” Building on recent strands of research within CMT, and drawing on relevant concepts and findings from other disciplines, including psychology, phenomenology, social semiotics, and media theory, the book develops the argument that the experience of one’s own body is constantly adjusting to changes in one’s individual state of health, sociocultural practices, and the activities in which one is engaged at any given moment, including the modes and media that are being used to communicate. This leads to a more fluid and variable relationship between physicality and metaphor use than many CMT scholars assume. For example, representing the experience of cancer through the graphic illness narrative genre draws attention to the unfathomable processes going on beneath the body’s visible surface, particularly now that digital imaging technologies play such a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This may lead to a reversal of conventional conceptualizations of knowing and understanding in terms of seeing, so that vision itself becomes the target of metaphorical representations. A novel classification system of visual metaphor, based on a three-way distinction between pictorial, spatial, and stylistic metaphors, is also proposed.
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Hepokoski, James. A Sonata Theory Handbook. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197536810.001.0001.
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A Sonata Theory Handbook is a step-by-step, seminar-like introduction to Sonata Theory, a new approach to the study and interpretation of sonata form. The book updates and advances the outline of the method first presented in Hepokoski and Darcy’s 2006 Elements of Sonata Theory. It blends explanations of the theory’s general principles—dialogic form, expositional action zones, trajectories toward generically normative cadences, rotation theory, the five sonata types, the special case of the minor-mode sonata, and more—with illustrations of them in practice through close, extended analyses of eight individual movements by Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven, Schubert, and Brahms. Central to the method is the merging of historically informed, technical analysis with the concerns of hermeneutic interpretation. The book features an inclusive engagement with recent developments in form theory, schema theory, and other related studies since 2006, including some of the language and insights of cognitive research into music perception and the more generalized concerns of conceptual metaphor theory. It ultimately builds to reflections on sonata form in the romantic era: the flexible applicability of Sonata Theory to mid- and late-nineteenth-century works.
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Blumenberg, Hans. History, Metaphors, Fables. Translated by Hannes Bajohr, Florian Fuchs, and Joe Paul Kroll. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501732829.001.0001.
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This book collects the central writings by Hans Blumenberg and covers topics such as on the philosophy of language, metaphor theory, non-conceptuality, aesthetics, politics, and literary studies. The book demonstrates Blumenberg's intellectual breadth and gives an overview of his thematic and stylistic range over four decades. Blumenberg's early philosophy of technology becomes tangible, as does his critique of linguistic perfectibility and conceptual thought, his theory of history as successive concepts of reality, his anthropology, or his studies of literature. The book allows readers to discover a master thinker whose role in the German intellectual post-war scene can hardly be overestimated.
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Chilton, Paul, and Monika Kopytowska, eds. Religion, Language, and the Human Mind. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.001.0001.
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The book is divided into three Parts, all preceded by a full introductory chapter by the editors that discusses modern scientific approaches to religion and the application of modern linguistics, particularly cognitive linguistics and pragmatics. Part I surveys the development of modern studies of religious language and the diverse disciplinary strands that have emerged. Beginning with descriptive approaches to religious language, and the problem of describing religious concepts across languages, we introduce the turn to cognition in linguistics and also in theology. In new interdisciplinary research it is shown how linguistics, cognitive science and neuroscience work together. The final chapter focuses on the brain’s contrasting capacities, and in particular on its capacity for language and metaphor. Part II continues the topic of metaphor – the natural ability by which humans draw on basic knowledge of the world in order to explore abstractions and intangibles. The chapters of this Part look into metaphors in religious texts, what they may be seeking to express and what cognitive resources they are using. The chapters are written by specialists, all of whom apply conceptual metaphor theory in various ways, covering several major religious traditions–Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism. Part III seeks to open up new horizons for cognitive–linguistic research into religion, looking beyond written texts to the ways in which language is integrated with other modalities, including ritual, religious art, and religious electronic media. Along with these domains for investigation the chapters in Part III introduce readers to a range of technical instruments that have been developed within cognitive linguistics and discourse analysis in recent years.
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Pagán Cánovas, Cristóbal, and Anna Piata. The Way Time Goes By. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190457747.003.0004.
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Conceptual metaphor theory has used TIME IS SPACE as the paradigmatic case of projection from a concrete to an abstract domain. More recently, within the framework of conceptual integration or blending theory, a more complex view of time–space mappings—and of mappings in general—has been proposed. Rather than a binary, unidirectional projection between the vast experiential domains of TIME and SPACE, the blending account proposes that meanings combining time and motion emerge from successive integrations within a network of relatively small conceptual packets, including event structure, motion from A to B, and a cultural mechanism for measuring duration. We examine how poetic effects can be created by using the conventional opportunities provided by this conceptual template, as well as by manipulating the path (with a linear or circular shape), one of the basic spatial features in this representation. We analyze examples in Greek, English, and Spanish.
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Feyaerts, Kurt, and Lieven Boeve. Religious Metaphors at the Crossroads between Apophatical Theology and Cognitive Linguistics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0003.
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This chapter introduces an interdisciplinary approach to the study of religious discourse, inspired by the observation that the tradition of negative theology, rediscovered by postmodern philosophy and theology, shares major points of interest with the cognitive theory of language. Its primary goal is an attempt to compare two epistemological systems in a fruitful and promising way. There are three major parts. The first deals with aspects of apophatical (or negative) theology and presents its rediscovery by postmodern theology. The second describes central aspects of cognitive semantics, with special attention to the theory of conceptual metaphor. The third brings the two theories together in search of both similarities and differences. It will be shown that there are common points of interest and methodology, and that each approach can contribute to the other, offering possible benefits to theology.
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Chico, Tita. The Experimental Imagination. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503605442.001.0001.
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This book is about experimental imagination in the British Enlightenment. It tells the story of how literariness came to be distinguished from its epistemological sibling, science, as a source of truth about the natural and social worlds. Early scientists used metaphor to define the phenomena they studied. They likewise used metaphor to imagine themselves into their roles as experimentalists. Late seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century British literature includes countless references to early science to make the case for the epistemological superiority of literary knowledge, whose truths challenge the dominant account of the scientific revolution as the sine qua non epistemological innovation of the long eighteenth century. The Experimental Imagination considers traditional scientific writings alongside poems, plays, and prose works by canonical and non-canonical authors to argue that ideas about science facilitated new forms of evidence and authority. The noisy satiric rancor and quiet concern that science generated among science advocates, dramatists, essayists, and poets reveal a doubled epistemological trajectory: experimental observation utilizes imaginative speculation and imaginative fancy enables new forms of understanding. Early scientific practice requires yet often obscures that imaginative impulse, which literary knowledge embraces as a way of understanding the world at large. Reciprocally, the period’s theory of aesthetics arises from the observational protocols of science, ultimately laying claim to literature as epistemologically superior. Early science finds its intellectual and conceptual footing in the metaphoric thinking available through literary knowledge, and literary writers wield science as a trope for the importance and unique insights of literary knowledge.
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Morrison, Kevin A. Victorian Liberalism and Material Culture. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474431538.001.0001.
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Victorian Liberalism and Material Culture assesses the unexplored links between Victorian material culture and political theory. It seeks to transform understanding of Victorian liberalism’s key conceptual metaphor: that the mind of an individuated subject is private space. Focusing on the environments inhabited by four Victorian writers and intellectuals, it delineates how the commitment of John Stuart Mill, Matthew Arnold, John Morley, and Robert Browning liberalism was shaped by or manifested through the physical spaces in which they worked. The book also asserts the centrality of the embodied experience of actual people to Victorian political thought. Readers will gain new historical and literary understanding and will be introduced to an innovative methodology that links material culture and political theory.
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Knoll, Gillian. Conceiving Desire in Lyly and Shakespeare. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474428521.001.0001.
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Conceiving Desire in Lyly and Shakespeare explores the role of the mind in creating erotic experience on the early modern stage. To “conceive” desire is to acknowledge the generative potential of the erotic imagination, its capacity to impart form and make meaning out of the most elusive experiences. Drawing from cognitive and philosophical approaches, this book advances a new methodology for analysing how early modern plays dramatize inward erotic experience. Grounded in cognitive theories about the metaphorical nature of thought, Conceiving Desire in Lyly and Shakespeare traces the contours of three conceptual metaphors—motion, space, and creativity—that shape erotic desire in plays by John Lyly and William Shakespeare. Although Lyly and Shakespeare wrote for different types of theatres and only partially-overlapping audiences, both dramatists created characters who speak erotic language at considerable length and in extraordinary depth. Their metaphors do more than merely narrate or express eros; they constitute characters’ erotic experiences. Each of the book’s three sections explores a fundamental conceptual metaphor, first its philosophical underpinnings and then its capacity for dramatizing erotic experience in Lyly’s and Shakespeare’s plays. Conceiving Desire in Lyly and Shakespeare provides a literary and linguistic analysis of metaphor that credits the role of cognition in the experience of erotic desire, even of pleasure itself.
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Pérez-Sobrino, Paula. Cognitive Modeling and Musical Creativity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190457747.003.0006.
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This chapter provides a preliminary account of different figurative operations in twelve examples of program classical and contemporary music involving music and text. The main goals are to explore the directionality and scope of the mappings between language and music and to investigate the communicative effects of each operation in a musical work. Metonymy, metaphor, hyperbole, paradox, and irony are compared and contrasted to highlight the dynamism and flexibility of conceptual mechanisms to account for meaning construction in multimodal contexts. Although all these conceptual tools consist of putting in correspondence two entities, there are differences that allow us to draw boundaries among them. The main advantage of adopting a view based on figurative operations is that they overcome the two-domain layout of metaphors while counting on a limited inferential capacity that allows the prediction of possible communicative effects.
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Drogosz, Anna. A Cognitive Semantics Approach to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. Æ Academic, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52769/bl4.0017.
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DARWIN’S THEORY OF EVOLUTION ranks among the most influential of modern scientific theories. Applying the methodology of COGNITIVE SEMANTICS , this study investigates how metaphors based on domains of JOURNEY, STRUGGLE, TREE and HUMAN AGENCY serve to conceptualize key concepts of Darwin’s theory — such as evolutionary change, natural selection, and relationships among organisms. At the outset the author identifies original metaphors in The Origin of Species, to turn to their realizations in modern discourse on evolution in later chapters. Thus, the study uncovers how metaphors contribute to structuring the theory by expressing it in a coherent and attractive way, and how they provide mental tools for reasoning. As the first comprehensive study of conceptual metaphors that underlie Darwin’s theory and affect the way we talk and think about evolution, it may be of interest not only to linguists and evolutionary biologists but also to anyone interested in the interconnection between thought and language.
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Hayes, Glen Alexander. The Guru’s Tongue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0008.
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This essay explores the nature of religious language and uses of conceptual metaphors in an important branch of medieval Bengali Hinduism known as the Vaiṣṇava Sahajiyā traditions which practiced a form of esoteric tantric yoga involving a series of external rituals, internalized visualizations, a special mystical language, and a rejection of the norms of Hindu caste and ritual purity. Developing after the time of the great Bengali devotional leader Kṛṣṇa Caitanya, they also incorporated emotional and devotional practices known as bhakti (“devotion”) which enriched their religious practices, language, and uses of conceptual metaphors. The essay considers how using several approaches to studying conceptual metaphors can help to better understand the process and dynamics of these traditions, how the usage of the vernacular language of Bengali influenced their religious language and metaphors, and how the historical and cultural contexts of deltaic Bengal influenced their beliefs, practices, and textual expressions.
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Gelfand, Michele J., Chi-yue Chiu, and Ying-yi Hong, eds. Handbook of Advances in Culture and Psychology, Volume 7. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879228.001.0001.
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Volume 7 of the Advances in Culture and Psychology series showcases cutting-edge contributions from internationally renowned culture scholars who span the discipline of culture and psychology and represent diversity in the theory and study of culture within psychology. In the first chapter, Ronald F. Inglehart presents data from countries containing over 90% of the world’s population, demonstrating that in recent decades, rising levels of economic and physical security have been reshaping human values and motivations and thereby transforming societies. In the next chapter, Zoltán Kövecses illustrates how conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) functions as a link between culture and cognition. In her chapter on cultural-developmental approaches to moral psychology, Lene Arnett Jenssen lays out life course “templates” for the three Ethics of Autonomy, Community, and Divinity. Thomas S. Weisner next illustrates how ecological theory links structural and environmental conditions to the cultural learning environments of children and the everyday routines and activities that shape the behavior and minds of children. Miriam Erez then describes research on cross-cultural similarities and differences in the area of work motivation and multicultural teams. Finally, Pawel Boski advances the concept of the cultural experiment and how it can illuminate how individuals react with resistance or tolerance when faced with cultural change.
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Henderson, Andrea. Analogy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809982.003.0005.
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Analogy was a crucial conceptual tool for Victorian natural philosophers, who regarded the physical world less in terms of material bodies than formal relationships. Thus, even as they aimed for verisimilitude in their theoretical models, James Clerk Maxwell and Michael Faraday used analogical figures freely, for they understood nature itself to be structured around analogical relations. Like Maxwell, Algernon Charles Swinburne wrote an undergraduate essay on the subject of analogy, conceiving it as fundamental to both scientific advancement and poetic production, where its logic of equivalence subsumes not only metaphor but also rhythm and rhyme. Swinburne’s poems “Before the Mirror” and “Sapphics” dramatize the replacement of the traditional notion of metaphor by the structures of formal analogy.
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Kowalewski, Hubert. Snakes, Leaves, and Poisoned Arrows. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0009.
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A paradox about emotions is that although we experience them directly through our minds and bodies, they appear to be vague and elusive when we try to talk about them. Consequently, most of the language used to speak about emotions is metaphorical. This observation is consonant with cognitive linguistics, which views metaphors as conceptual rather than purely verbal mechanisms. Emotions are one of the central matters of Buddhist philosophy, and language used to talk about them abounds in conceptual metaphors. This article inspects metaphorical expressions used in the canonical collection of early Buddhist texts. It reveals fundamental differences in the way emotions are thought of in Buddhist and Western culture. While in the West emotions are typically conceptualized in terms of FORCE, Buddhism conceives them in terms of FORCE, OBJECT or both. These variations are not incidental and results from fundamental differences between Christian and Buddhist worldviews and philosophy.
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Jecker, Nancy S. Ending Midlife Bias. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190949075.001.0001.
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We live at a time when human lifespans have increased like never before. As average lifespans stretch to new lengths, how does this impact the values we hold most dear? Do these values change over the course of our ever-increasing lifespans? Ending Midlife Bias argues that at different life stages, different values emerge as central. During early life, caring and trust matter more, given human vulnerability and dependency. By early adulthood, growing independence provides a reason to value autonomy more. Later in life, heightened risk for chronic disease and disability warrants focusing on maintaining capabilities and keeping dignity intact. Part I (Chapters 1–5) sets forth a conceptual framework that captures these shifting life stage values. Chapter 1 argues against the privileging of midlife values (midlife bias) and explains why population aging lends urgency to identifying values for later life. Chapters 2 and 3 introduce dignity as a central concern for older adults and argue that respecting dignity requires supporting central human capabilities. Chapter 4 explores the metaphor of life as a story, which serves as a corrective for midlife bias by keeping attention on the whole of life. Chapter 5 sets forth principles for age group justice. Part II (Chapters 6–12) turns to practical concerns, including geriatric and pediatric bioethics (Chapter 6); caregiving by family members, migrant workers, and robots (Chapters 7 and 8); ageism in clinical trials, healthcare allocation, and mandatory retirement (Chapter 9); and ethics at the end-of-life (Chapter 10). The closing chapters explore the future of population aging (Chapter 11) and make a pitch for life stage sensitive moral theory (Chapter 12).
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Lebow, Richard Ned. Evolution, Adaptation, and Imitation in International Relations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.322.
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Evolution, as a biological process and a metaphor, has utility in our understanding of international relations. The former is largely inapplicable for obvious, conceptual, and empirical reasons; but the latter is more promising, though those who use it must be explicit about its limitations. There must be considerations on how evolution contrasts with conscious adaption and imitation, on the argument for the need to distinguish among them analytically and empirically, and on the further exploration of the different conditions in which these other two mechanisms might be relevant.
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Jones, Charlotte. Realism, Form, and Representation in the Edwardian Novel. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198857921.001.0001.
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‘The real represents to my perception the things that we cannot possibly not know, sooner or later, in one way or another,’ wrote Henry James in 1907. This description, riven with double negatives, hesitation, and uncertainty, encapsulates the epistemological difficulties of realism, for underlying its narrative and descriptive apparatus as an aesthetic mode lies a philosophical quandary. What grounds the ‘real’ of the realist novel? What kind of perception is required to validate the experience of reality? How does the realist novel represent the difficulty of knowing? What comes to the fore in James’s account, as in so many, is how the forms of realism are constituted by a relation to unknowing, absence and ineffability. Realism, Form, and Representation in the Edwardian Novel recovers a neglected literary history centred on the intricate relationship between fictional representation and philosophical commitment. It asks how—or if—we can conceptualize realist novels when the objects of their representational intentions are realities that might exist beyond what is empirically verifiable by sense data or analytically verifiable by logic, and are thus irreducible to conceptual schemes or linguistic practices—a formulation Charlotte Jones refers to as ‘synthetic realism’. In new readings of Edwardian novels (including Conrad’s Nostromo and The Secret Agent, Wells’s Tono-Bungay, and Ford’s The Good Soldier), Jones revises and reconsiders key elements of realist novel theory—metaphor and metonymy; character interiority; the insignificant detail; omniscient narration and free indirect discourse; causal linearity—to uncover the representational strategies by which realist writers grapple with the recalcitrance of reality as a referential anchor, and seek to give form to the force, opacity, and uncertain scope of realities that may lie beyond the material. In restoring a metaphysical dimension to the realist novel’s imaginary, Realism, Form, and Representation in the Edwardian Novel offers a new conceptualisation of realism both within early twentieth-century literary culture and as a transhistorical mode of representation.
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De Souza, Jonathan. Beethoven’s Prosthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190271114.003.0002.
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This chapter takes performances by the deaf Beethoven as an instance of body-instrument interaction. Prior research in music theory, drawing on cognitive linguistics, suggests that Beethoven’s music was shaped by conceptual metaphors, which are both culturally specific and grounded in the body. Yet this chapter shows that players’ experience is not simply embodied but also technical. To that end, the chapter explores cognitive neuroscience, ecological psychology, and phenomenology. Patterns of auditory-motor coactivation in players’ brains are made possible by the stable affordances of an instrument. These auditory-motor connections support performative habits, and they may be reactivated and recombined in perception and imagination—supporting Beethoven’s auditory simulations after hearing loss, for example.
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Charon, Rita. A Framework for Teaching Close Reading. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360192.003.0009.
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This chapter describes one framework for teaching close reading to groups of learners. It proposes that learners focus on one narrative feature at a time—for example, time, space, voice, and metaphor—over the course of a seminar. For each feature, students read and discuss seminal conceptual writings to situate them in the classical and contemporary critical discourse. The chapter provides capsule summaries of these four narrative features that guide students in their own close reading of texts. The discussion of temporality, for example, includes theological, philosophical, scientific, and literary/narratological writings and the close reading of literary, visual arts, and musical texts that display temporal complexity. In the chapter are described particular teaching sessions in a variety of settings where learners read and respond in writing to short texts that highlight a particular narrative feature. The teaching texts and those written by students are reproduced in the chapter.
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Brown, Andrew D., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Identities in Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198827115.001.0001.
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Conceived as the meanings that individuals attach to their selves, a substantial stockpile of identities-related theorizing, accumulated across the arts, social sciences and humanities over many decades, continues to nourish contemporary research on self-identities in organizations. Moreover, in times which are more reflexive, narcissistic and liquid the identities of participants in organizations are increasingly less fixed, less secure and less certain, making identities issues both more salient and more interesting. Particular attention has focused on processes of identity construction (often styled ‘identity work’), how, why and when such processes occur, and their implications for organizing and individual, group and organizational outcomes. This has resulted in a burgeoning stream of research from discursive, dramaturgical, symbolic, socio-cognitive, and psychodynamic perspectives that (most often) casts individualsâ efforts to fabricate identities as intentional, relational, and consequential. Seemingly intractable debates centred on the nature of identities â their relative stability/fluidity, whether they are best regarded as coherent or fractured, positive (or not) and how they are fabricated within relations of power â combined with other conceptual issues, continue to invigorate the field, but have led also to some scepticism regarding the future potential of identities research. As the chapters in this handbook demonstrate, however, there are considerable grounds for optimism that identity, as root metaphor, nexus concept and means to bridge levels of analysis, has significant generative utility for multiple streams of theorizing in organization and management studies.
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Csabi, Szilvia, ed. Expressive Minds and Artistic Creations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190457747.001.0001.
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Expressive Minds and Artistic Creations: Studies in Cognitive Poetics presents multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research papers describing new developments in the field of cognitive poetics. The chapters examine the complex connections between cognition and poetics with special attention given to how people both create and interpret novel artistic works in a variety of expressive media, including literature, music, art, and multimodal artifacts. The authors have diverse disciplinary backgrounds, but all of them embrace theories and research findings from multiple perspectives, such as linguistics, psychology, literary studies, music, art, neuroscience, and media studies. Several authors explicitly discuss empirical and theoretical challenges in doing interdisciplinary work, which many believe is essential to future progress in cognitive poetics. Scholars address many specific research questions in their chapters, such as, most notably, the role of embodiment and simulation in human imagination, the importance of conceptual metaphors and conceptual blending processes in the creation and interpretation of literature, and the function of multiperspectivity in poetic and multimodal texts. Several new ideas are also advanced in the volume regarding the cognitive mechanisms responsible for artistic creations and understandings. The volume overall offers an expanded view of cognitive poetics research that situates the study of expressive minds within a broader range of personal, social, cultural, and historical contexts. Among other leading researchers, contributors include world-famous scholars of psychology, linguistics, and literature—Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr., Zoltásn Kövecses, and Reuven Tsur—whose defining papers also survey the roles and significance of conceptual mechanisms in literature.
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Sasso, Eleonora. The Pre-Raphaelites and Orientalism. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474407168.001.0001.
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The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.
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Lu, Zongli. When Buddhism Meets the Chen-Wei Prophetic and Apocryphal Discourse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190278359.003.0006.
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As Buddhism was a new religion introduced to a foreign society and culture, Buddhist doctrines and religious and philosophical concepts had to be translated and transmitted through a set of the indigenous linguistic, conceptual, and metaphoric discourses of the time. The majority of followers of the new religion would welcome and perceive this set of religious concepts only within their own mindsets that had focused on homegrown religious beliefs and cultural traditions. Many historians of Chinese Buddhism have pointed out that Confucianism, Daoism, Metaphysical Learning, and other indigenous cultural traditions contributed significantly to the acculturation of Buddhism in early medieval China. This chapter argues that a less discussed religious discourse, the learning of the chen (讖) prophecy and wei apocrypha (weishu 緯書), also played a notable role in the process of translating and converting Buddhist scriptures and notions into “Chinese” Buddhism during early medieval China.
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Giles, Howard, and Jake Harwood, eds. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Intergroup Communication. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780190454524.001.0001.
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Over 80 entriesThe Oxford Encyclopedia of Intergroup Communication is the first dedicated to this burgeoning field within communication studies. The essays in this collection explore geographic regions, communication processes, theories, and applied areas of interest, all pertaining to how human communication processes are influenced by, and themselves influence, the groups to which we all belong. The project brings together, in an authoritative work, research, theory, and application on well-established, as well as newly explored intergroup communication situations. The new perspectives not covered in earlier works include: • how word order affects social status • how metaphors shape intergroup relations • how sexual orientation is communicated • how interpersonal and intergroup communication intersect • what neuroscience contributes to intergroup communication • and how intergroup communication operates in previously unacknowledged settings such as the military or in the political arena.Given that the “intergroup umbrella” essentially integrates and transcends many of the traditional conceptual boundaries in communication (such as media, health, intercultural, organizational and so forth), the Oxford Encyclopedia of Intergroup Communication provides an intriguing window on to the communicative world of intergroup relations so integral to other social sciences. The encyclopedia will be an essential reference for anyone interested in intergroup communication issues, and particularly research scholars and graduate students.
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Koivisto, Ida. The Transparency Paradox. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192855466.001.0001.
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Abstract The book provides a compact theoretical account of the hidden functioning logic of the ideal of transparency. Transparency as a concept has become hugely popular in legal discourse and beyond. The book argues that there are underlying optical, conceptual, and social reasons why transparency makes sense to us: it promises immediate seeing and understanding. That is why it can form a powerful metaphor of controllability: in the state, for example, the governed are able to monitor the inner workings of the governor through transparency practices. The modern push for transparency is premised on the notion that the truth about governance is key to its legitimacy, and transparency can provide legitimacy through access to truth. The book argues that this premise is false. Instead of accessing legitimacy by providing truth, transparency is labelled by either or logic, which is referred to as ‘the truth-legitimacy trade-off’ in the book: transparency can provide either truth or legitimacy. Through this argument, the book questions the neutrality promise vested in transparency and claims that transparency is primarily a tool for creating appearances. The book consists of nine chapters divided into three parts: The Opacity of Transparency, The Promise of Transparency, and The Reality of Transparency. It combines legal and policy themes and research with interdisciplinary inputs, such as social philosophy and cultural and media studies, contributing to the growing literature on critical transparency studies.