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Journal articles on the topic 'Concrete Compressive Strength (CCS)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Jalal, Asif, Luqmanul Hakim, and Nasir Shafiq. "Mechanical and Post-Cracking Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Containing Copper-Coated Steel and PVA Fibers in 100% Cement and Fly Ash Concrete." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031048.

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This experimental study investigated the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and copper-coated steel (CCS) on the mechanical properties and the post cracking behavior of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). In designing high-performance concrete mixes, cement replacement materials are the essential ingredients. Therefore, the research objective was to investigate PVA and CCS fiber’s post-cracking performance in 100% cement concrete and concrete with 80% cement and 20% fly ash. The fiber content was fixed as a 0.3% volumetric fraction. CSS fibers required 15% more superplasticizer to achieve the des

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Do Quang, Thien, Hai La Duong, Dinh Cao Huu Tan, and Huyen Nguyen Thi Le. "COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH VARIATIONS BY ADDING MARINE SAND AS CONCRETE FINE AGGREGATE IN QUANG NAM, VIETNAM." Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 2 (2023): 010216(1–11). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-02-e01880.

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Recently, considerations in partly replacing traditional concrete fine aggregate contained high river sand is concerned by marine sand to become a concern in Vietnam and the whole world. In the study area of Quang Nam (Vietnam), marine sand is selected to add to concrete fine aggregate because it meets engineering requirements for concrete fine aggregate material about fineness modulus (Ms) and salt content. The main research object is variations of concrete compressive strength (CCS) when adding marine sand to fine aggregate mixes. A proposal of concrete ratio mixes for CCS lab determinations

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Akbarzadeh, Mohammad Reza, Hossein Ghafourian, Arsalan Anvari, Ramin Pourhanasa, and Moncef L. Nehdi. "Estimating Compressive Strength of Concrete Using Neural Electromagnetic Field Optimization." Materials 16, no. 11 (2023): 4200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16114200.

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Concrete compressive strength (CCS) is among the most important mechanical characteristics of this widely used material. This study develops a novel integrative method for efficient prediction of CCS. The suggested method is an artificial neural network (ANN) favorably tuned by electromagnetic field optimization (EFO). The EFO simulates a physics-based strategy, which in this work is employed to find the best contribution of the concrete parameters (i.e., cement (C), blast furnace slag (SBF), fly ash (FA1), water (W), superplasticizer (SP), coarse aggregate (AC), fine aggregate (FA2), and the

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Pham, My, Ngoc-Hieu Dinh, Cong-Thuat Dang, and Hoai-Chinh Truong. "Numerical Study of Bearing Strength of Infilled Concrete in Large Diameter CFST Column Reinforced by Shear Stoppers." Designs 8, no. 1 (2024): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs8010009.

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Ensuring an adequate bond between the steel tube and infilled concrete interface plays an essential role in achieving composite action for concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns. Thus, this study proposes a new type of large diameter CFST column where the steel tube is reinforced by shear stoppers. The bearing strength of the infilled concrete is the decisive factor in evaluating the overall working efficiency between infilled concrete and steel tube. In this paper, we use nonlinear finite element analysis (NFEA) to investigate the bearing strength of the infilled concrete concerning the

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Prof.Yousef, Saleh Abuzir |. أ.د. يوسف صالح يوسف ابو زر, та Yousef Abuzir |. د. صالح يوسف أبو زر Dr.Saleh. "Data Mining Techniques for Prediction of Concrete Compressive Strength (CCS) | تقنيات التنقيب في البيانات للتنبؤ بالقوة الانضغاطية الخرسانية". Palestinian Journal of Technology & Applied Sciences | المجلة الفلسطينية للتكنولوجيا والعلوم التطبيقية, № 3 (17 лютого 2020): 57–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3672763.

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  Abstract The main aim of this research is to use data mining techniques to explore the main factors affecting the strength of concrete mix. In this research, we are interested in finding some of the factors that influence the high performance of concrete to increase the Concrete Compressive Strength (CCS) mix. We used Waikato’s Knowledge Analysis Environment (WEKA) tool and algorithms such as K-Means, Kohonen’s Self Organizing Map (KSOM) and EM to identify the most influential factors that increase the strength of the concrete mix. The results of this research showed that EM

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Abubakar, Jibrin, Mohammed Abdullahi, James Isiwu Aguwa, Bala Alhaji Abbas, and Daniel Ndakuta Kolo. "Empirical Relationship between Compressive, Flexural and Splitting Tensile Strengths of Concrete Containing Kuta Gravel as Coarse Aggregate." Journal of Engineering Research and Reports 27, no. 1 (2025): 209–18. https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2025/v27i11380.

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Flexural and tensile strengths of concrete are of great importance in structural engineering. Understanding the flexural strength of concrete helps designers prevent and control development of cracks in concrete elements, ensuring durability. In addition to serviceability, shear, bond failure and flexural capacity in concrete members are directly linked to the tensile strength of the concrete. When compared to flexural and tensile strengths, determination of the compressive strength of concrete is easier to carry out in the field. It is therefore, customary to determine the compressive strengt

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Mohammed, Zameer Ahamed J. "Cement of the Past and Present: Concrete Innovations for the Future." Advanced Research and Reviews in Cement and Concrete 1, no. 1 (2025): 68–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15208645.

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<em>Concrete, the most extensively used material in construction, continues to evolve significantly. Today's concrete is no longer just a basic blend of cement, water, and aggregates—it increasingly incorporates mineral additives, chemical admixtures, fibers, and other advanced components. While conventional infrastructure applications will remain the dominant market for concrete, specialized or "à la carte" smart concretes are also gaining traction in niche sectors.</em> <em>The emergence of these smart concretes is driven by advancements in concrete science, innovations in admix

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8

Bach, Quoc Si. "Quantitative Study of Hydration of C3S and C2S in the Reactive Powder Concrete together with its Strength Development." Applied Mechanics and Materials 889 (March 2019): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.889.294.

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The compressive strength development always go along with the microstructure development in concrete through the process of cement hydration. In the hydrated products of cement, calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) forms a network of nanoparticles so C-S-H gel is the main compound giving compressive strength of concrete. As we know that C-S-H gel produced by the reactions with water of two main minerals in cement such as Tricalcium Silicate () and Dicalcium Silicate (). In addition, the increase of C-S-H content in concrete due to the pozzolanic reaction of the pozzolan with calcium hydroxide (CH)

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Singh, Komalpreet, Jaspal Singh, and Sarvesh Kumar. "A Sustainable Environmental Study on Corn Cob Ash Subjected To Elevated Temperature." Current World Environment 13, no. 1 (2018): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.1.13.

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Rapid increase in greenhouse gas induces mischievous impact on environment. In this study, carbon dioxide emission can be reduced to some extent by replacing some amount of cement with corn cob ash. The performance of concrete at high temperature was also studied. This paper investigates the effect of elevated temperature on strength property of ordinary concretes of grade M25, containing Corn Cob Ash (CCA) at various replacement levels of cement. The cube samples were subjected to high temperature of 1500C, 3000C, 4500C and 6000C for 2 hour duration in a muffle furnace. The samples were teste

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Amalia, Taris Rizka, and Nurul Rochmah. "Pengaruh Abu Bonggol Jagung Sebagai Substitusi Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton Alir." Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Teknologi Konstruksi 10, no. 1 (2024): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jts-utu.v10i1.9474.

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Abstract The use of flow concrete is the main choice in construction because of its high workability that facilitates compaction. In this study, utilizing corn cob ash as a partial substitution material for cement because the content of corn cob ash makes the waste potentially used as a concrete mixing material. One of the most important silica content in concrete is silica (SiO2). Corn cob ash has a fairly high silica content of 59%. Silica plays an important role in concrete because it can increase the compressive strength of concrete. This study aims to determine the effect of corn cob ash

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Menda, Samrawit, Sandip Poudel, Joe Useldinger-Hoefs, Bruce Dockter, and Daba Gedafa. "Determining Optimum Coal Bottom Ash/Slag Content for Sustainable Concrete Infrastructure." Sustainability 17, no. 4 (2025): 1429. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041429.

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Concrete usage is increasing rapidly; subsequently, the industry’s carbon footprint is increasing and impacting the environment significantly. Large amounts of fine and coarse aggregate, including cement, are needed to fulfill the increased demand, leading to increased natural aggregate usage. Therefore, finding a fine aggregate replacement in concrete is essential. Coal bottom ash (CBA) and coal boiler slag (CBS), byproducts of coal-burning power plants with pozzolanic properties, can replace fine aggregate in concrete to reduce global natural material depletion, health hazards, and technical

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Srinivas, T., Pogula Anudeep, and N. V. Ramana Rao. "Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber on Geopolymer Concrete when it is Subjected to Alternative Drying and Wetting." E3S Web of Conferences 309 (2021): 01105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130901105.

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Various types of fibers like glass, steel, coconut fiber, sugarcane bagasse fiber, etc are used to increase the mechanical properties of the concrete. SCBF is the final residue of the sugar industries which is used in this study. The objective of the paper is to study the effect of SCBF in geopolymer concrete (GPC) and conventional concrete (CC) of equivalent grade of M40 when it is subjected to alternative drying and wetting. The specimens are treated with water by alternative wetting and drying process. This test consists of periodic cycles, each cycle consists of one wetting day and drying

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Sun, Mingxuan, Meng Sun, Yunlong Zhang, and Lijun Ma. "Evaluation of High-Performance Pervious Concrete Mixed with Nano-Silica and Carbon Fiber." Buildings 15, no. 14 (2025): 2407. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15142407.

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To address the mechanical deficiencies of traditional pervious concrete and promote its practical implementation, this study developed a high-performance pervious concrete model using conventional materials and methods, achieving a permeability coefficient of 4.5 mm/s with compressive and flexural strengths exceeding 45 MPa and 5 MPa, respectively. Central composite design (CCD) response surface methodology was employed to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of the water–cement ratio (W/C), nano-silica (NS), and carbon fibers (CF) on permeability, compressive strength, and flexu

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Sadagopan, Madumita, Alexander Oliva Rivera, Katarina Malaga, and Agnes Nagy. "Recycled Fine and Coarse Aggregates’ Contributions to the Fracture Energy and Mechanical Properties of Concrete." Materials 16, no. 19 (2023): 6437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16196437.

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This paper investigates the fracture mechanical properties of concrete, using crushed concrete aggregates (CCA) and granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for partial cement replacement. CCAs made from prefabricated concrete replace 100% of the fine and coarse fractions in concrete recipes with w/c ratios of 0.42 and 0.48. Two pre-treatment methods, mechanical pre-processing (MPCCA) and accelerated carbonation (CO2CCA), are investigated for quality improvements in CCA. The resulting aggregates show an increased density, contributing to an increase in the concrete’s compressive strength. The nove

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Noor Azman, Nur Eilyana Izzatie, Noraini Marsi, Efil Yusrianto, et al. "Performance Autoclaved Aerated Concrete of Crushed Coconut Shell (AAC-CCS) for AAC Board Panels." Semarak International Journal of Material Research 2, no. 1 (2025): 52–65. https://doi.org/10.37934/sijmr.2.1.5265.

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This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating crushed coconut shell (CCS) as a partial replacement for quartz sand in autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). It highlights the dual benefits of reducing environmental waste and enhancing AAC's material properties, presenting a sustainable approach to construction. The integration of CCS into AAC aligns with global sustainability goals by addressing resource depletion, high energy demands, and environmental concerns linked to quartz sand extraction. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the potential of agricultural waste utilization, such

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Noor Azman, Nur Eilyana Izzatie, Noraini Marsi, Efil Yusrianto, et al. "Performance Autoclaved Aerated Concrete of Crushed Coconut Shell (AAC-CCS) for AAC Board Panels." Semarak International Journal of Material Research 2, no. 1 (2025): 52–65. https://doi.org/10.37934/sijmr.2.1.5265a.

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This study investigates the feasibility of incorporating crushed coconut shell (CCS) as a partial replacement for quartz sand in autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). It highlights the dual benefits of reducing environmental waste and enhancing AAC's material properties, presenting a sustainable approach to construction. The integration of CCS into AAC aligns with global sustainability goals by addressing resource depletion, high energy demands, and environmental concerns linked to quartz sand extraction. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the potential of agricultural waste utilization, such

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Olaniyi, Alake. "Strength Characteristics of Rice Husk and Corn Cob Ash Blended Cement Concrete." Sustainability in Environment 7, no. 1 (2022): p102. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/se.v7n1p102.

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The study investigates the mechanical properties of concrete incorporating Rice husk Ash (RHA) and Concorb Ash (CCA) as cementitious binders. Concrete cubes was prepared from a standardized prescribed mix of 1:2:4. The cement component in the reference mix was replaced with combined % weight of rice husk ash and corncob ash. The physical and chemical composition of RHA and CCA were examined as well as the workability and compressive strength properties of varying percentage of RHA and CCA blended cement concrete. Water–cement ratios of 0.6, was adopted for the reference and blended mixes. A to

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18

Dwiriyadhi, Muhammad Ghafiqi, and Riza Suwondo. "The effect of crystalline technology on concrete as coating to improve its durability." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1324, no. 1 (2024): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1324/1/012017.

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Abstract This research delves into the effects of incorporating Crystalline Additives (CAs) in concrete, specifically exploring alterations in compressive strength, water penetration resistance, and chemical durability when subjected to corrosive solutions, including H2SO4 and HCl. The investigation encompasses four concrete compositions: Standard Concrete, Concrete with Single Layer Crystalline Coating, Concrete with Double Layer Crystalline Coating, and Concrete featuring Type V Cement. Results indicate that the application of Crystalline coating contributes to notable enhancements in the av

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Sadagopan, Madumita, Katarina Malaga, and Agnes Nagy. "Improving Recycled Aggregate Quality by Mechanical Pre-Processing." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194342.

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Concrete with crushed concrete aggregates (CCA) shows lesser compressive strength than reference concrete with natural aggregates. The goal of this study is to improve the strength of structural concrete with 53% and 100% CCA replacements without increasing the cement content. Thus, improvements in CCA quality are induced by combining mechanical and pre-soaking pre-processing techniques. Mechanical pre-processing by rotating drum is separately pursued on fine and coarse CCA for 10 and 15 min respectively. Results show, adhered mortar content and CCA water absorption reduces as pre-processing d

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Sadagopan, Madumita, Katarina Malaga, Magnus Lundin, and Agnes Nagy. "Effects of Slag Addition and Mechanical Pre-Processing on the Properties of Recycled Concrete in Terms of Compressive Strength and Workability." Nordic Concrete Research 64, no. 1 (2021): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2020-0018.

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Abstract Concrete waste as crushed concrete aggregates (CCA) in structural concrete prolongs the technical life of the reference concrete accomplishing closed loop recycling. CCA concrete reaches the reference concrete compressive strength and workability by the densification of CCA and cement paste. Our previous study demonstrates CCA densification by mechanical pre-processing, aggregate quality improvements discerned by increased packing density giving reference concrete strength and workability. This study addresses paste densification with blast furnace slag (GGBS) to replace 30 (wt.%) of

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Moreno-Maroto, J. M., A. L. Beaucour, B. González-Corrochano, and J. Alonso-Azcárate. "Study of the suitability of a new structural concrete manufactured with carbon fiber reinforced lightweight aggregates sintered from wastes." Materiales de Construcción 69, no. 336 (2019): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.05719.

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The suitability of three new lightweight aggregates containing carbon fiber residues (CAs) as components in structural lightweight concrete has been studied. Prismatic concrete specimens were prepared using these CAs as a coarse fraction. Additional specimens of normal-weight aggregate, commercial lightweight aggregate and mortar were prepared for comparison. The CA-concrete samples (CACs) have yielded compressive strength values between 35 and 55 MPa as well as low density and thermal conductivity results. Furthermore, the CACs have displayed the highest ratios of mechanical strength over den

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Nabuuma, Racheal, Dan Tigalana, and Daniel Otim. "Effect of Cow Dung Ash and Recycled Concrete Aggregates on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Concrete: Central Composite Design (CCD) Optimisation." East African Journal of Engineering 6, no. 1 (2023): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eaje.6.1.1573.

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Globally, concrete constructions are dependable due to their performance under diverse conditions and the availability of concrete components. However, the potential for waste concrete is high as a result of changes in human needs. For the concrete industry’s sustainable development, the ability to use recycled concrete is very important. This study aimed to investigate the effect of blending cow dung ash (CDA) with cement and waste concrete aggregates with natural coarse aggregates on concrete’s mechanical and physical properties. The approach adopted involved natural coarse aggregates (NCA)

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Nikoloutsopoulos, Nikolaos, Anastasia Sotiropoulou, Glikeria Kakali, and Sotirios Tsivilis. "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete Compared to Conventional Concrete." Buildings 11, no. 5 (2021): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11050178.

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The potential of applying geopolymerization to a wide range of solid industrial waste and by-products is of great interest. In this research, the physical and mechanical properties of fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer concrete (GC), compared to those of cement concrete (CC), were studied. Three GCs with different content of FA and three appropriate CCs were designed, prepared, tested and evaluated. The results were compared with the requirements of Standards EN 206-1 and EN 1992-1-1. It was shown that in some cases minor adjustments of the regulations are needed, while in other cases complete revi

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Sugito, Sugito, Sofia W. Alisjahbana, and Hery Riyanto. "Response surface methodology approach for optimized compressive strength of some mix design concrete aggregates from waste cockle shells and glass powder." Engineering Solid Mechanics 10, no. 2 (2022): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.esm.2022.2.005.

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Nowadays, with increased demand for aggregates for concrete and an awareness of the need of protecting natural resources, experts are becoming increasingly interested in waste material as a building material substitute. However, the compressive strength is influenced by the composition of concrete. In this study, the compressive strength of concrete under substitution using waste from cockle shells and glass was investigated using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Central Composite Design (CCD) based on RSM was used to assess the influence of epoxy resin, cockle shells powder, and glass powd

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Stel’makh, S. A., A. N. Beskopylny, E. M. Shcherban’, et al. "Influence of corn cob ash additive on the structure and properties of cement concrete." Construction materials and products 7, no. 3 (2024): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2024-7-3-2.

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In accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) concept, there is a need to find technologies that would help make concrete production less energy intensive and more environmentally friendly. One technology involves substituting some mineral components in concrete with rapidly renewable plant-based alternatives. This study aims to establish the essential patterns among the concrete composition, micro-structure, and properties of cementitious composites modified with corn waste. Additionally, it seeks to explore the potential for producing high-quality composites using this waste ma

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Poudel, Sandip, Samrawit Menda, Joe Useldinger-Hoefs, Lidya E. Guteta, Bruce Dockter, and Daba S. Gedafa. "The Use of Ground Coal Bottom Ash/Slag as a Cement Replacement for Sustainable Concrete Infrastructure." Materials 17, no. 10 (2024): 2316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17102316.

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Cement production requires considerable energy and natural resources, severely impacting the environment due to harmful gas emissions. Coal bottom ash (CBA) and coal boiler slag (CBS), byproducts of coal-fired powerplants having pozzolanic properties, can be mechanically ground and replace cement in concrete, which reduces waste in landfills, preserves natural resources, and reduces health hazards. This study was performed to determine the optimum cement replacement amount of ground CBA (GCBA) and ground CBS (GCBS) in concrete, which was 10% for GCBA and 5% for GCBS. GCBA-based concrete exhibi

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Șerbănoiu, Adrian Alexandru, Cătălina Mihaela Grădinaru, Radu Muntean, Nicanor Cimpoeșu, and Bogdan Vasile Șerbănoiu. "Corn Cob Ash versus Sunflower Stalk Ash, Two Sustainable Raw Materials in an Analysis of Their Effects on the Concrete Properties." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030868.

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The increased CO2 emissions determined by the cement industry led to continuous and intensive research on the discovery of sustainable raw materials with cementitious properties. One such raw material category is agricultural waste. This study involved research on the effects of corn cob ash and sunflower stalk ash, respectively, on compressive strength measured after 28 days and 3 months, the flexural and splitting tensile strengths, the resistance to repeated freeze–thaw cycles, and on the resistance to chemical attack of hydrochloric acid of the concrete. A 2.5% and 5% replacement of the ce

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Bheel, Naraindas, Montasir Osman Ahmed Ali, Yue Liu, et al. "Utilization of Corn Cob Ash as Fine Aggregate and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Cementitious Material in Concrete." Buildings 11, no. 9 (2021): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11090422.

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Cementitious and recycled materials that have the potential to improve various properties of concrete have attracted the attention of many researchers recently. Different types of cementitious and recycled materials seem to possess certain unique properties to change cement concrete. This experimental study aims to investigate the impact of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and corn cob ash (CCA) as a partial replacement material for Portland cement (PC) and fine aggregate (FA), respectively, on fresh and hardened concrete properties, as well as the embodied carbon of concrete. The

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Karouche, Abdelhamid, Kamel Hebbache, Cherif Belebchouche, Noureddine Lahbari, Oussama Kessal, and Slawomir Czarnecki. "External Confined Concrete Cylinders Behavior under Axial Compression Using CFRP Wrapping." Materials 15, no. 22 (2022): 8232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228232.

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Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a composite material used to mend and strengthen concrete structural elements in civil engineering. The prime aim of this experimental study is to investigate the comportment of confined concrete cylinders (CCC) under uniaxial loads by altering the concrete strength, the CFRP angle orientation, and the volumetric ratio, following the externally bonded reinforcement technique (EBR). We present the results of the confinement effect and failure mechanisms issue of more than 150 specimens of CFRP confined concrete cylinders that have been undertaken and in

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Rahman, Herliati, and Muhammad Rizqy F. "Innovations in the Cement Industry: Advancing Towards Sustainable Concrete Production." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 19, no. 2 (2024): 154–62. https://doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v19i2.35460.

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Slag, an artificial pozzolan derived from the by-product of metal ore smelting, exhibits notable richness in active silica and alumina. This investigation scrutinizes the influence of slag as a clinker substitute on cement quality. The study explores the composition range of slag from 15.69% to 20.39% of the total cement mass. Other constituent materials, including gypsum (2.07%), limestone (17.24-22.54%), and clinker (55-65%), are compared with commercial cement available in the market, featuring 73.09% clinker, 2.07% gypsum, 11.89% limestone, and 12.95% trass. The study employs rigorous phys

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Sabo Baba, Abubakar, Sule Yaman Mohammed, Yabagi Isah Abdullahi, and Dzukogi Abubakar Alhassan. "Mechanical Properties of End-of-life Waste Tyres Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete: RSM-Based Modelling and Optimisation." Journal of Civil Engineering Frontiers 5, no. 02 (2024): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.38094/jocef50189.

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The influence of fibres on the compressive strength of concrete is complex and is determined by the type, quantity, and characteristics of the fibres utilized in designing and forming the concrete. Designing fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) constituents is challenging and affects the concrete's performance and practicality. This study utilized response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the properties of concrete containing steel fibre extracted from end-of-life tyres (ELTs). Face-cantered central composite design (FC-CCD) of RSM was used in the design of experiments (DOE) with aspect ratio

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Gaspard, Ukwizagira, Nezerwa Bienvenu, and Umukunzi George Bush Habimana. "Effect of Crushed Clay Brick as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete." Mediterranean Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (MJBAS) 7, no. 1 (2023): 90–99. https://doi.org/10.46382/MJBAS.2023.7108.

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The reuse of construction and demolition wastes, especially crushed clay bricks (CCB), represents a major contribution to the environment. Due to the nature of clay bricks, it can be considered as source of fine and coarse aggregate to produce structural concrete. This research has been conducted with the objectives of highlighting the effect of crushed clay brick as partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. Compressive strength of concrete made by different partial replacement of fine aggregates were evaluated on (0%,15%, 25%, 30%, 50%, and 75%). To achieve the objectives of this stu

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Zulfikar, Achmad Jusuf, Mohd Yuhazri Yaakob, and Rahmad Bayu Syah. "Application of E-Glass Jute Hybrid Laminate Composite with Curved Shape on Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Column Concrete." Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) 5, no. 1 (2023): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37385/jaets.v5i1.2072.

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This study provides a better understanding of reinforcing cylindrical concrete columns (CCC) using a hybrid laminated composite material (HLC) composed of jute and e-glass fibers, including the influence of layer quantity on strength and a comparison with previous research. The utilization of these alternative materials may lead to the development of novel and efficient solutions for constructing durable and robust structures. The primary objectives of this research are to assess the effects of employing HLC as a reinforcing layer on CCC compressive strength, optimize the reinforcement process

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Ammar, Marah Ali, Amin Chegenizadeh, Mochamad Arief Budihardjo, and Hamid Nikraz. "The Effects of Crystalline Admixtures on Concrete Permeability and Compressive Strength: A Review." Buildings 14, no. 9 (2024): 3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14093000.

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The durability and strength of concrete in construction can be significantly compromised by permeability issues, which pose considerable challenges to its long-term effectiveness and reliability. By analyzing six selected articles from the Scopus database, this study meticulously synthesizes findings on the effectiveness of CAs in improving these essential properties of concrete. The research meticulously documents and analyzes key variables such as the CA dosage, water–cement ratio, evaluation duration, and treatment conditions, providing a thorough understanding of the factors that influence

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Mohammed, Zameer Ahamed J. "Cement Concrete Partially Replaced with Waste Materials." Journal of Advances in Civil Engineering and Management 7, no. 3 (2024): 9–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13377836.

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<em>The study's objectives are to lower the amount of corncob sawdust waste materials and lower the price of concrete. The workability and compressive strength characteristics of varying percentages of corn cob ash, sawdust ash, and cement concrete, as well as the mixing ratios of 1:1:1.5:3, 1:1:1:2, and water-cement ratios of 0.5, which later increased to 0.6, were examined and compared.The effect of sawdust ash and corn cob ash on the workability of fresh concrete was evaluated using a slump test. Ninety concrete cubes of 150 x 150 x 150 mm were cast, with the weight percentages of corn cob

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Guteta, Lidya E., Daba S. Gedafa, and Bruce Dockter. "Utilization of Coal Combustion Residues as Supplementary Cementitious Materials for Sustainable Concrete." Sustainability 17, no. 8 (2025): 3376. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083376.

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Carbon dioxide emissions from cement production are a current environmental challenge. This research attempted to evaluate the pozzolanic reaction of residuals from coal-fired power plants, such as coal bottom ash (CBA) and coal boiler slag (CBS), as a supplementary cementitious material to lessen the deleterious effect on the environment. The residues’ fineness modulus and specific gravity were determined using the No. 325 sieve and Le Chatelier flask, respectively. Chemical characterizations were conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results indicated that

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Ukwizagira, Gaspard, Bienvenu Nezerwa, and Habimana Umukunzi George Bush. "Effect of Crushed Clay Brick as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete." Mediterranean Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 07, no. 01 (2023): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.46382/mjbas.2023.7108.

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The reuse of construction and demolition wastes, especially crushed clay bricks (CCB), represents a major contribution to the environment. Due to the nature of clay bricks, it can be considered as source of fine and coarse aggregate to produce structural concrete. This research has been conducted with the objectives of highlighting the effect of crushed clay brick as partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. Compressive strength of concrete made by different partial replacement of fine aggregates were evaluated on (0%,15%, 25%, 30%, 50%, and 75%). To achieve the objectives of this stu

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Fadele, Oluwadamilola A., and Mike Otieno. "Early-age effect of corn cob ash as a partial replacement for Portland cement in concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 364 (2022): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236402011.

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One of the effects of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in concrete is the dilution effect which is as a result of partially replacing Portland cement with SCMs. The dilution effect of corn cob ash (CCA) with respect to strength gain and transport properties of concrete is the focus of this study. 100 mm concrete cubes were prepared with corn cob ash partially replacing Portland cement at 15% and 30% using w/b ratio of 0.4 and 0.6. The effect of CCA replacement level on the compressive strength development between 3 and 28 days, and transport properties at 28 days of curing was done.

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Kilani, Abiodun, Ademilade Olubambi, Bolanle Ikotun, Oladipupo Oladejo, and Babatunde Famodu. "Evaluating the reinforcements efficiency of sawdust and corncob wastes in structural concrete: A comprehensive review." Journal of Building Materials and Structures 10, no. 1 (2023): 40–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v10i1.2840.

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Sawdust (SD) and Corncob (CC) wastes possess up to 89.4% and 83.03% pozzolanic properties with a high impact on the mechanical properties required for high concrete strength reinforcement respectively. Applications of SD and CC wastes in concrete increased the concrete workability by 8.75% and 27.9% respectively. In addition, the use of SD in concrete eased its aggregates’ compatibility rate by 4.4%. The consistency of cement paste with corncob ash (CCA) decreased with an increase in the percentage of CCA included. In addition, the final and initial setting times of paste with sawdust ash (SDA

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Zografou, Adamantia, Andrew Heath, and Peter Walker. "Reuse of Waste from the South West of England in Alkali-Activated Cement Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 629-630 (October 2014): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.629-630.449.

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The extraction of china clay in the South West of the UK generates waste in a mass ratio of 1:9 for china clay: waste. Currently, part of the coarser waste, “stent” and sand named “china clay sand” (CCS) in this study, is used as building stone or secondary aggregate in concrete and asphalt but the finest waste fraction, called “mica” waste, is used only for the restoration of old quarries. Looking for innovative solutions for the needs of a new Eco-town in the UK, and with regard to uses commercially applicable to construction and of low environmental impact, the china clay waste is being stu

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Soyemi, Olugbenga Babajide, and Aanuoluwapo Soretire. "Assessment of the Performance of Crushed Cow Bones as a Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate for Concrete." Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering 8, no. 03 (2024): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjce.2024.v08i03.001.

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Researches have been geared at not only ameliorating the rising cost of providing affordable housing units to the ever increasing populace but also tackling global challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation, pollution, biodiversity and others concerns and animal bones which have posed challenges through its disposing, treating and processing is the focus of this research by investigating the possibility of its use as coarse aggregate in concrete. Animal bones were crushed in sizes ranging from 10-20mm, these crushed cow bone (CCB) aggregate, were used in concrete specimens as

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Achuthan, Preetha, Ganapathy Ganesh Prabhu, George Gabriel Vimal Arokiaraj, Panneerselvam Arul Sivanantham, and Subramanian Suthagar. "Axial Compression Performance of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns with Different D/t Ratios." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (July 12, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9170525.

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The impacts of three diameter/thickness (D/t) ratios (21.22, 25.46, and 31.83) and concrete strengths (40 N/mm2, 50 N/mm2, and 60 N/mm2) on the strength capabilities of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns are investigated in this study. The central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the trials in order to complete the tests in a cost-effective manner. 13 (9 distinct tests) columns were evaluated according to the CCD experimental design, and the failure mode of the specimens, load–deformation behavior, and ultimate strength capacity were

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Huynh, Trong Phuoc, Si Huy Ngo, and Chao Lung Hwang. "Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete Produced with Different Particle Sizes of Coarse Aggregate." Advanced Materials Research 1147 (May 2018): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1147.18.

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This paper investigates both fresh and hardened properties of concrete produced with different particle sizes of coarse aggregate (CA). The CAs with the maximum sizes (Dmax) of 25 mm, 19 mm, 15 mm, 12.5 mm, and 9.5 mm were used to produce concrete samples with a water-to-binder ratio of 0.4. The workability, fresh unit weight, compressive strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of the concrete were tested. Additionally, some concrete samples were fully immersed in 5% sodium sulfate solution in order to assess the performance of the concrete under sulfate attack condition. The experimenta

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Ede, Anthony N., Oluwarotimi Michael Olofinnade, Akpabot Ifiok Akpabot, Solomon O. Oyebisi, and David O. Nduka. "Influence of Dicalcium Silicate and Tricalcium Aluminate Compounds in Different Local Cement Brands on the Compressive Strength of Normal Concrete." Solid State Phenomena 318 (May 2021): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.318.59.

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The mould-ability of concrete into intricate forms and the versatility of its constituent materials has made concrete to be the most preferred construction material. However, in developing nations such as Nigeria, poor quality of concrete is listed among the common causes of building collapse. Thus, this study investigated the effects of chemical compounds of four commonly used local ordinary Portland cement brands on the compressive strength of normal concrete. The cement was labelled brands A, B, C, and D, respectively, while all the other constituent materials remained constant in this stud

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Tran, Duc Thanh, Yunsu Lee, Han Seung Lee, Hyun-Min Yang та Jitendra Kumar Singh. "Effects of γ-C2S on the Properties of Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag Mortar in Natural and Accelerated Carbonation Curing". Sustainability 13, № 1 (2021): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010357.

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γ-Dicalcium silicate (γ-C2S) is known for its strong carbonation reactivity by which it can capture atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), thus, it can be used in construction industries. This paper aims to study the effects of γ-C2S on the properties of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) containing cement mortar and paste in natural and accelerated carbonation curing. The compressive strength of 5% γ-C2S (G5) added to GGBFS cement mortar is higher compared with the control one in natural carbonation (NC) and accelerated carbonation (AC) up to 14 days of curing, but once the curing durati

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Ali, Akbar Kafash Bazari, Chini Mehdi, Nikfal Zivar, and Vatani Mohamad. "Effect of Clinker Phase Changes on Cement Performance and Its Reactivity with Super Plasticizer Additive." Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application 5, no. 4 (2021): 211–21. https://doi.org/10.22034/JCEMA.2021.143620.

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Based on various sources and experiences, the main phases of clinker significantly impact the technical characteristics of cement and its performance in the resulting concrete. The interaction of clinker phases with concrete admixtures is also obvious, but the effect of each phase and their optimal values for optimal concrete performance is complicated. Therefore, in this study, this issue was an extensive laboratory operation was designed. So 11 samples were selected whose phase values were varied. Then laboratory cement was performed under the same conditions using 11 clinker samples, and ph

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Xue, Jian Hua, Xiao Guang Li, Yun Xiao Liu, and Qiang Du. "Properties of Dry-Mortar with Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Powder of Crushed Clay Bricks." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1637.

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Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and crushed clay bricks (CCB) have been increasingly researched and used in past two decades. However, studies focusing on the properties of dry-mortar with RCA and CCB are very limited. In this research, results from physical and mechanical properties of recycled mortar with fine recycled aggregate (FRA), fine recycled powder (FRP) and crushed clay brick (CCB) were secured. It is shown that sinking degree of FRA mortar can be adjusted in the range of 70-90mm and their water-maintainability is superior to natural sand mortar. However, compressive strength of F

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Mansour, M. A., M. H. Ismail, M. H. Wan Ibrahim, N. Mokhtar, and A. F. Alshalif. "Optimizing compressive strength of concrete incorporating metakaolin and palm oil fuel ash." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1453, no. 1 (2025): 012016. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1453/1/012016.

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Abstract Metakaolin (MK) and palm oil fuel ash (POFA) were utilized in high strength concrete (HSC) as a partial substitutes for cement, which is responsible for high CO2 emissions. The combined effect of (5-15%) MK and (20-40%) POFA on the compressive strength of HSC was thoroughly examined using response surface methodology (RSM). In particular, central composite design (CCD) was adopted to optimize the compressive strength of ternary blended concrete at 7 and 28 days. Through analysis of variance (ANOVA), the developed models demonstrated statistical significance, as evidenced by a level of

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Almusawi, Aqil Mousa, Rana Shabbar, and Qusay A. Jabal. "Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Crushed Clay Bricks Aggregate Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 924 (June 30, 2022): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-372w5h.

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In this study concrete block was produced with waste crushed clay bricks (CCB). CCB is used as a conventional coarse aggregate replacement with the range of 0, 25, 50 and 75%. Physical and mechanical properties of concrete blocks were examined at room temperature (25°C) and elevated temperatures of 400, 600 and 800°C. The results indicated that concrete specimens with 50% CCB exhibited the greatest flexural strength characteristics compared to that containing natural aggregates, whereas a slight decline indicated at the density and compressive strength. However, the specimens with 75% CCB have

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Vedrtnam, Ajitanshu, Chiara Bedon, and Gonzalo Barluenga. "Study on the Compressive Behaviour of Sustainable Cement-Based Composites under One-Hour of Direct Flame Exposure." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410548.

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Fire is a significant threat to human life and civil infrastructures. Builders and architects are hankering for safer and sustainable alternatives of concrete that do not compromise with their design intent or fire safety requirements. The aim of the present work is to improve the residual compressive performance of concrete in post-fire exposure by incorporating by-products from urban residues. Based on sustainability and circular economy motivations, the attention is focused on rubber tire fly ash, aged brick powder, and plastic (PET) bottle residuals used as partial sand replacement. The se

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