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1
Ibrahim, Rahel Khalid. "The Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Lightweight Aggregate Concrete." Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research 2, no. 3 (August 27, 2017): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.3.38.
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The use of lightweight concrete has become widely spread in concrete structures in the last years. Fire can be considered as a destructive hazard that attack concrete structures. In this research the effect of elevated temperature on lightweight aggregate concretes is studied. For this purpose, 81 cube shaped specimens were prepared from three different lightweight aggregate concrete mixes. After moist curing periods for 3, 7 and28 days, the specimens were subjected to ambient and elevated temperatures of 450⁰C and 650⁰C for 2hrs.The weight of the specimens before and after exposure to elevated temperatures was determined and the residual strength results for the specimens were compared. The results showed that, the elevated temperature induces a decrease in strength and significant weight losses in lightweight aggregate concrete.
2
Turu'allo, Gidion. "Sustainable Development of Concrete Using GGBS: Effect of Curing Temperatures on the Strength Development of Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 776 (July 2015): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.776.3.
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The World Earth Summits in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Kyoto, Japan in 1992 and 1997 respectively, have made it clear that uncontrolled increased emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere is no longer environmentally and socially acceptable for sustainable development. The increase of cement production will affect the environmental preservation, natural conservation and increase the CO2emission, which is one of the primarily gases that contribute to the global warming. The use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (ggbs) to replace a part of Portland cement in concrete can reduce the CO2emission. It also can provide significant benefits to concrete properties, such as increase the workability and durability of concrete. The early strength of ggbs concretes that had been cured at standard curing temperature (20°C) were slower than that of concretes with Portland cement only, cured at the same temperature. However, there are some indications show that curing the ggbs concrete at elevated temperatures will significantly enhanced the early age strength of the concrete. The objectives of this research are to find out the effect of curing temperatures and levels replacement of Portland cement by ggbs on the strength development of concretes. The levels of ggbs to replace Portland cement were 0, 20, 35, 50 and 70%, while the curing temperatures were 20°C, 50°C and adiabatic curing. The concrete cubes were tested at ages: 6 and 12 hours, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 and 365 days. The results showed that curing the ggbs concrete at temperatures higher than standard curing temperature, increased the strength development of the concrete at early ages.
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Belaoura, Mebarek, Dalila Chiheb, Mohamed Nadjib Oudjit, and Abderrahim Bali. "Temperature Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Very High Performance Concrete." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 34 (January 2018): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.34.29.
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This study aims at a better understanding of the behaviour of very high performance concretes (VHPC) subjected to high temperatures. The temperature increase within the concrete originating from the hydratation exothermic reaction of cement is emphasized by the mass effect of the structures and can lead to thermal variations of around 50°C between the heart and the structures walls. These thermal considerations are not without consequence on durability and the physical and mechanical properties of very high performance concrete, such as the compressive strength. This work is an experimental research that shows the effects of temperature on the mechanical properties of very high performance concrete (VHPC) and compares them with those of conventional concrete and HPC. Test specimens in usual concrete, HPC and VHPC are made, preserved till maturity of the concrete, and then subjected to a heating-cooling cycle from room temperature to 500°C at heating rate 0.1°C/min. Mechanical tests on the hot concrete and cooling (air and water) were realized. The results show that the mechanical characteristics of VHPC (density, compressive strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus) decrease with increasing temperature, but their strength remains higher than that of conventional concrete.
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VefaAkpınar, Muhammet. "EFFECT OF GLASS BEAD AND ZEOLITE IN CONCRETE UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 12 (December 31, 2016): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i12.2016.2393.
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The paper presents the impact of high temperature on concrete with glass bead and zeolite in its mixture. It is desired to reduce the concrete surface temperature when it is exposed to high temperature. In this study, different range of proportions of glass beads (%10, %20, %30) and zeolite (%10, %30) were added into the C30/37 strength class concrete as a fine aggregate and Portland cement, respectively. Surface temperatures of concrete samples were measured when concrete was under about 3000°C flame for a short time. It was determined that, using glass bead and zeolite together in concrete reduces surface temperature significantly under high temperature. The study presented herein provides important results on regulating concrete mixture if there is any risk to be exposed to high temperature.
The study presented herein provides important results on regulating concrete mixture if there is any risk to be exposed to high temperature. The main research question is “Is it possible to reduce surface temperature of concrete when it is exposed to very high temperature by using glass bead and zeolite in concrete mixture”.
10 different types of concrete mixtures were designed to study the effects of concrete and zeolite on compressive strength and surface temperatures of concrete.
It was determined that using glass bead as a fine aggregate and zeolite, significantly affects concrete surface temperature and temperature differences of both sides when concrete is exposed to very high temperature.
Using glass bead and zeolite in concrete for fire resistance hasn’t been searched before. In this study it was determined that it is possible to get lower surface temperatures by using glass bead and zeolite in concrete mixture. The ideal proportion was %20 for glass bead and %30 for zeolite in the mixture to obtain lowest surface temperatures and meet the compressive strength requirements. These types of mixtures can also be examined for concrete pavements to get lower temperature gradients in summer and obtain less thermal cracking on concrete road.
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Le, Quang X., Vinh TN Dao, Jose L. Torero, Cristian Maluk, and Luke Bisby. "Effects of temperature and temperature gradient on concrete performance at elevated temperatures." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 8 (December 8, 2017): 1223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217746347.
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To assure adequate fire performance of concrete structures, appropriate knowledge of and models for performance of concrete at elevated temperatures are crucial yet currently lacking, prompting further research. This article first highlights the limitations of inconsistent thermal boundary conditions in conventional fire testing and of using constitutive models developed based on empirical data obtained through testing concrete under minimised temperature gradients in modelling of concrete structures with significant temperature gradients. On that basis, this article outlines key features of a new test setup using radiant panels to ensure well-defined and reproducible thermal and mechanical loadings on concrete specimens. The good repeatability, consistency and uniformity of the thermal boundary conditions are demonstrated using measurements of heat flux and in-depth temperature of test specimens. The initial collected data appear to indicate that the compressive strength and failure mode of test specimens are influenced by both temperature and temperature gradient. More research is thus required to further quantify such effect and also to effectively account for it in rational performance-based fire design and analysis of concrete structures. The new test setup reported in this article, which enables reliable thermal/mechanical loadings and deformation capturing of concrete surface at elevated temperatures using digital image correlation, would be highly beneficial for such further research.
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Zhu, Peng, and Xin Gang Zhou. "Effect of Curing Temperature on the Properties of Concrete at Early Age." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1687.
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Under the consideration of radiation, convection, and evaporative cooling, simulating the effect of different curing temperatures (5°C,10°C,15°C,20°C,25°C,30°C) on the performance of concrete at early age. The results showed that curing temperature affected the early age performance of concrete greatly. Higher curing temperature improves the peak temperature of concrete members, and contributes to the development of the strength of concrete at early age, but elevated curing temperature will lead to higher cracking potential classification of concrete at early age.
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Jiao, Yubo, Hanbing Liu, Xianqiang Wang, Yuwei Zhang, Guobao Luo, and Yafeng Gong. "Temperature Effect on Mechanical Properties and Damage Identification of Concrete Structure." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/191360.
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Static and dynamic mechanical properties of concrete are affected by temperature effect in practice. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the corresponding influence law and mechanism. This paper demonstrates the variation of mechanical properties of concrete at temperatures from −20°C to 60°C. Temperature effects on cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, prism compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and frequency are conducted and discussed. The results indicate that static mechanical properties such as compressive strength (cube and prism), splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity have highly linear negative correlation with temperature; this law is also applied to the first order frequency of concrete slab. The coupling effect of temperature and damage on change rate of frequency reveals that temperature effect cannot be ignored in damage identification of structure. Mechanism analysis shows that variation of elastic modulus of concrete caused by temperature is the primary reason for the change of frequency.
8
Gupta, Vivek, and Gokulnath Venkadachalam. "A Review on Effect of Elevate Temperature on Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Steel Fiber, Glass Fiber and Polypropylene Fiber." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 10 (October 10, 2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.326.
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This paper presents an investigation into the efficiency of temperature-sensitive self-compacting concrete. Reviewing on self-compacted concrete, steel fibre, glass fibre, Polypropylene fibre. To this end, adding fibres (steel fibre, glass fibre, Polypropylene) content 1.2% for mixture of concrete material. When the cube samples were 28 days old. They have been heated to high temperatures. Each samples were heated to different temperatures for each concrete mixture (0ºC,100C, 200ºC). Then, Tests for weight loss and compressive strength were performed. The Observations of surface cracks were made after exposure to high temperatures. A significant loss of strength up to 30-40% for all concretes after 300ºC was observed, especially for concrete containing Polypropylene fibre, glass fibre, steel fibre. The fibres reduced the risk of explosive spalling and prevented it. Based on the results of the study, the output of fine aggregate concrete can be inferred.
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Yan, H. Q., and Q. Y. Wang. "Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Mechanical Behavior of Natural Aggregate Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.841.
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Reinforced concrete construction is very common these days and extensively used both in industrial and commercial buildings. With the gradual rise in occurrences of fire accidents in recent years, a more thorough and quantitative understanding of the damage phenomenon in natural aggregate concrete structures is required. However, little research has been done to study natural aggregate concrete behavior under high temperatures. The mechanical behavior of concrete could actually be more complex under high temperature conditions than at room temperature, for instance. Restoration and reinforcement of the structures exposed to fire may have to be based on residual strength analysis and therefore require a correlation between temperature and mechanical properties. Thus, in order to meet the modern challenges of rapid engineering advances and societal development, further research on the concrete material and its structural behavior at high temperatures becomes extremely important. The present paper deals with investigations on the effect of high temperature exposure on the compressive strength of natural aggregate concrete. Experiments were conducted to study the compressive strength variations with increasing temperatures, up to 700 °C, and the subsequent cooling modes such as natural and spray cooling. Results show that the compressive strength gradually decreases with increasing temperatures.
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Dong, Shu Hui, De Cheng Feng, Shou Heng Jiang, and Wei Zhong Zhu. "Effect of Freezing Temperature on the Microstructure of Negative Temperature Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.343.
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The pore size distribution and the microstructure of negative temperature concrete was studied with different temperature, combining with some testing methods, such as MIP and SEM. Moreover, the change of the compressive strength was also studied with different ages. In addition, the relationship between the microstructure and the macro-mechanical properties on negative temperature concrete was explored further with different freezing temperature. It indicated that the lower the early curing temperature, the looser the original structure of cement paste; the total volume of gel pore whose pore size was less than 20nm was decreasing apparently, and the compressive strength declined. When changing to standard curing, the pore size trended to be thinner, the compressive strength was increasing sharply. The concrete was cured from -5°C to standard curing, the volume of pore that was less than 200nm was equal to that of the concrete with the standard curing in the age of 28d, so was the compressive strength. However, the volume of the macro pore of the concrete curing under -10°C and -15°C was greater than the concrete curing the standard condition, the compressive strength was less.
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Canbaz, Mehmet, and Erman Acay. "Effect of high temperature on SCC containing fly ash." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 12, no. 1 (March 12, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2021.01.001.
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The effect of high temperature on self-compacting concrete, which contains different amounts of fly ash, has been investigated. By considering the effect of concrete age and increased temperatures, the optimum fly ash-cement ratio for the optimum concrete strength is determined using experimental studies. Self-compacting concrete specimens are produced, with fly ash/cement ratios of 0%, 20% and 40%. Specimens were cured for 28, 56 and 90 days. After curing was completed, the specimens were subjected to temperatures of 20°C, 100°C, 400°C, 700°C and 900°C for three hours. After the cooling process, tests were performed to determine the unit weight, ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength of the specimens. According to the experiment results, an increase in fly ash ratio causes a decrease in the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete. However, it positively contributes to self-compaction and strength loss at high temperatures. The utilization of fly ash in concrete significantly contributes to the environment and the economy. For this reason, the addition of 20% fly ash to concrete is considered to be effective.
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Liu, Peng, Ying Chen, Zhiwu Yu, and Rongling Zhang. "Effect of Temperature on Concrete Carbonation Performance." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (May 5, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9204570.
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In this study, the effect of temperature on macroperformance and microcharacteristic of carbonized concrete was investigated. The carbonation depth, compressive strength, and surface strain of concrete under different simulated environments for 28 d were measured. XRD and ESEM-EDS analysis were conducted to present the phase composition, types of hydration products, and microstructure characteristics of samples before and after carbonation. The results showed that the effects of temperature on carbonation depth, strain, and compressive strength were significant. There was a linear relation between temperature and carbonation depth as well as compressive strength of concrete. The effects of environment factors on concrete surface strain after carbonation manifested as the strain value and the slope of linear segment of strain curve. Significant differences of phase composition and hydration products were observed before and after the carbonation, which mainly manifested as attenuation and disappearance of diffraction peaks of hydration products. Temperature affects the crystal form of the carbonation products.
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Mohammadyan-Yasouj, Seyed Esmaeil, Hossein Abbastabar Ahangar, Narges Ahevani Oskoei, Hoofar Shokravi, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor, and Michal Petrů. "Experimental Study on the Effect of Basalt Fiber and Sodium Alginate in Polymer Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperature." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030510.
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Polymer concrete contains aggregates and a polymeric binder such as epoxy, polyester, vinyl ester, or normal epoxy mixture. Since polymer binders in polymer concrete are made of organic materials, they have a very low heat and fire resistance compared to minerals. This paper investigates the effect of basalt fibers (BF) and alginate on the compressive strength of polymer concrete. An extensive literature review was completed, then two experimental phases including the preliminary phase to set the appropriate mix design, and the main phase to investigate the compressive strength of samples after exposure to elevated temperatures of 100 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C were conducted. The addition of BF and/or alginate decreases concrete compressive strength under room temperature, but the addition of BF and alginate each alone leads to compressive strength increase during exposure to heat and increase in the temperature to 180 °C showed almost positive on the compressive strength. The addition of BF and alginate both together increases the rate of strength growth of polymer concrete under heat from 100 °C to 180 °C. In conclusion, BF and alginate decrease the compressive strength of polymer concretes under room temperature, but they improve the resistance against raised temperatures.
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Yang, Ying Zi, Mao Guang Li, Hong Wei Deng, and Qi Liu. "Effects of Temperature on Drying Shrinkage of Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1176.
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The present study investigated experimentally effects of temperature on drying shrinkage of concrete in different water cement ratio and containing mineral admixture. Concrete was exposed to a controlled environment of 20±1oC, 35±1oC, 50±1oC, and 60% ± 5 RH, respectively. The drying shrinkage of concretes with water cement ratio of 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 were evaluated. The resuluts showed that with the increase of temperature from 20 oC to 50 oC, the influence of water cement ratio on drying shrinkage of concrete was gradually weakened. The shrinkage strain of concretes with replacement of cement by 20% of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), 10% of silica fume (SF), and 20% of fly ash (FA) were measured, respectively. Test results showed that GGBS had a little impact on drying shrinkage of concrete; Silica fume could increase the drying shrinkage of concrete significantly in the early and later ages, especially when concrete was subjected to high temperature; Fly ash reduced drying shrinkage in early ages and increased drying shrinkage of concrete in the later ages.
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Turuallo, Gidion, and Harun Mallisa. "Sustainable cementitious materials: The effect of fly ash percentage as a part replacement of portland cement composite (PCC) and curing temperature on the early age strength of fly ash concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925801001.
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This research aims to determine the effect of fly ash percentage as a part replacement of Portland cement and curing temperatures to the early age strength of concrete. The percentages of fly ash used were 0, 10 and 15% by cement weight. The cured temperatures were 25, 30 dan 50°C. The concrete specimens were cubes of 150 x 150 x 150 mm3. The cubes, which were cured at 25°C, placed in water tank, while those cured at 30 and 50°C cured in oven until 7 days and then continued in water. The testing was conducted at ages 3, 7, 14 dan 28 days. The results showed that at early ages, the strength of concrete without fly ash cured at 25°C were higher than that of fly ash concrete. The higher level replacement of cement with fly ash, the lower strength of concrete obtained. The higher the curing temperature at earlier age resulted the higher the strength of concrete. The strength of concretes with 10% of fly ash cured at 25, 30 and 50°C at age three days were 15.111, 15.481 and 16.296 MPa respectively. Conversely, the strength of concrete that of cured at higher temperatures at ages 28 days, were lower than that of concretes cured at lower temperature. The results of this research also showed that fly ash could improve the workability of concrete.
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Kumar, Virendra. "Effect of temperature on stress–strain behaviour of pre-damaged confined concrete." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 11, no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 67–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-03-2019-0019.
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Purpose This paper aims to study the residual test results under uni-axial compression of tie confined pre-damaged normal strength concrete short columns subjected to elevated temperatures. Design/methodology/approach The test variables included temperature of exposure, spacing of transverse confining reinforcement and pre-damage level. An experimental program was designed and carried out involving testing of hoop confined concrete cylindrical specimens exposed to elevated temperatures ranging from room temperature to 900 °C. Findings The test results indicate that the residual strength, strain corresponding to the peak stress and the post-peak strains of confined concrete are not affected significantly up to an exposure temperature of 300 °C. However, the peak confined stress falls and the corresponding strain increase considerably in the temperature range of 600 to 900 °C. It is shown that an increase in the degree of confinement reinforcement results in an increased residual strength and deformability of pre-damaged confined concrete. Research limitations/implications It is applicable in finding the residual strength and strain of the pre-damaged confined concrete in uni-axial compression after exposure to elevated temperature. Practical implications The practical implications is that the test result is applicable in finding the residual strengths of pre-damaged confined concrete under uni-axial compression after exposure to elevated temperature. Social implications The main aim of the present investigation is to provide experimental data on the residual behaviour of pre-damaged confined concrete subjected to high temperatures. Originality/value The results of this study may be useful for developing the guidelines for designing the confinement reinforcement of reinforced concrete columns against the combined actions of earthquake and fire, as well as for designing the retrofitting schemes after these sequential disasters.
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Jin, Hu. "Late-Age Properties of Concrete with Different Binders Cured under 45°C at Early Ages." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8425718.
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It is commonly accepted that high curing temperature (near 60°C or above) results in reduced mechanical properties and durability of concrete compared to normal curing temperature. The internal temperature of concrete structures at early ages is not so high as 60°C in many circumstances. In this paper, concretes were cured at 45°C at early ages and their late-age properties were studied. The concrete cured at 20°C was employed as the reference sample. Four different concretes were used: plain cement concrete, concrete containing fly ash, concrete containing ground granulate blast furnace slag (GGBS), and concrete containing silica fume. The results show that, for each concrete, high-temperature curing after precuring does not have any adverse effect on the nonevaporable water content, compressive strength, permeability to chloride ions, and the connected porosity of concrete at late ages compared with standard curing. Additionally, high-temperature curing improves the late-age properties of concrete containing fly ash and GGBS.
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Naganathan, Sivakumar, and Kamal Nasharuddin Mustapha. "Effect of Water Temperature on Concrete Properties." Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 292–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.14525/jjce.9.3.3072.
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El-Zohairy, Ayman, Hunter Hammontree, Eddie Oh, and Perry Moler. "Temperature Effect on the Compressive Behavior and Constitutive Model of Plain Hardened Concrete." Materials 13, no. 12 (June 22, 2020): 2801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122801.
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Concrete is one of the most common and versatile construction materials and has been used under a wide range of environmental conditions. Temperature is one of them, which significantly affects the performance of concrete, and therefore, a careful evaluation of the effect of temperature on concrete cannot be overemphasized. In this study, an overview of the temperature effect on the compressive behavior of plain hardened concrete is experimentally provided. Concrete cylinders were prepared, cured, and stored under different temperature conditions to be tested under compression. The stress–strain curve, mode of failure, compressive strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of elasticity of concrete were evaluated between the ages of 7 and 90 days. The experimental results were used to propose constitutive models to predict the mechanical properties of concrete under the effect of temperature. Moreover, previous constitutive models were examined to capture the stress–strain relationships of concrete under the effect of temperature. Based on the experimental data and the proposed models, concrete lost 10–20% of its original compressive strength when heated to 100 °C and 30–40% at 260 °C. The previous constitutive models for stress–strain relationships of concrete at normal temperatures can be used to capture these relationships under the effect of temperature by using the compressive strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of elasticity affected by temperature. The effect of temperature on the modulus of elasticity of concrete was considered in the ACI 318-14 equation by using the compressive strength affected by temperature and the results showed good agreement with the experimental data.
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Cygan, G., J. Gołaszewski, and M. Drewniok. "The Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Fresh Self-Compacting Concrete." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0080.
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Abstract The rheological properties of self-compacting concrete are closely influenced by temperature and the time. Previous studies which aim was to research the effect of temperature on self-compacting concrete workability, showed that the behaviour of fresh SCC at varying temperatures differs from that of normal vibrated concrete. The paper presents the study of rheological properties of fresh self-compacting concrete mixtures made with portland, blast furnace and component cement. Two types of superplasticizers were used. It was proven that temperature has a clear effect on workability; it can be reduced by selecting the appropriate superplasticizer and cement.
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Jia, Bin, Zheng Liang Li, Jun Lin Tao, and Chun Tao Zhang. "Mechanical Behavior and Constitutive Equation of Concrete under High-Temperature Dynamical Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.303.
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SPHB tests of concrete under different temperatures and various loading conditions are completed, and high-temperature dynamical behavior of concrete is obtained. Dynamical mechanical behavior of concrete with high temperature is affected by not only the strain rate effect, but also the high temperature weakening effect, and the strain rate hardening effect is coupled with high temperature weakening effect, but the latter has greater influence. Concrete failure evolution is described on basis of the damage factor, the intercoupling strain rate hardening effect and temperature weakening effect are simply set as mutually independent factors, each parameter is respectively fitted with test data, finally, concrete constitutive equation under high-temperature dynamical conditions is established, and comparative analysis with test data are conducted, indicating good coincidence with test results.
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Luan, Zhao Jian, Qiang Xin, and Yan Min Jia. "Analysis of Model Test Data for CFG Group Piles in Permafrost Areas." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.16.
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In this paper, the author simulates geological conditions of permafrost areas, establi-shes CFG group piles indoor model, observes the pile and frozen soil temperature field, then compares the calculated results of the group piles and frozen soil temperatures under concrete hydration heat effect by using ABAQUS with the measured temperature data, thus determines the applicability of ABAQUS for analysis of CFG group piles temperature in permafrost areas, in order to analyze temperature distribution regularities of group piles and frozen soil under concrete hydration heat effect, thermal perturbation range of CFG group piles in permafrost areas, and effects of different concrete molding temperature on model temperature field.
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Liu, Chuan Xiong, Yu Long Li, Bing Hou, Wei Guo Guo, and Jin Long Zou. "Dynamic Compressive Behavior of Concrete at High Temperatures." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 1811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.1811.
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For investigating the effect of temperature on the dynamic properties of concrete material, tests for cylindrical concrete specimens at 23°C ~ 800°C were carried out by using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) apparatus, and the strain rates ranged from 30/s to 220/s. Effects of temperature and strain-rate on the dynamic behavior of concrete were analyzed. The results show that: above 4000C, the dynamic compressive strength of concrete decreases with increasing temperature, and the enhancements of strain-rates on the compressive strength of concrete depend significantly on temperatures. Moreover, both strain-rate and temperature can enhance the peak strain of concrete.
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Hake, Sandeep L., R. M. Damgir, and S. V. Patankar. "Temperature Effect on Lime Powder-Added Geopolymer Concrete." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6519754.
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The need for concrete increases with rapid development in the field of infrastructure because of the increased use of cementing material of concrete. The production of concrete is unsafe to the earth. Consequently, there is a need to discover new binding material with cementing properties. Fly ash debris is wastage of thermal power plants and acquires hectares of land for the dumping reason. This paper concentrates on development of alternative binding material in the field of construction. The fly ash-based geopolymer concrete is a better option, but it needs heat curing for the polymerization. The use of lime powder in the geopolymer concrete gives better result without heat curing. The experiment depends on the characteristics of daylight curing and impact of temperature in controlled oven curing. The M30 grade geopolymer concrete plans with the addition of lime powder. The addition of lime powder is changed by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The compressive strength increases with addition of lime powder, but in the cases of 20% and 25%, the workability gets hamper. The study also deals with temperature variations when oven cured for 35°C, 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C hence assessed.
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Rashid, Muhammad Harunur, Md Maruf Molla, and Imam Muhammad Taki. "Effect of Elevated Temperature on Bond Strength of Concrete." Materials Science Forum 972 (October 2019): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.972.26.
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In the case of exposure of reinforced concrete structure to accidental fire, an assessment of its residual capacity is needed. Bond strength of concrete was observed under elevated temperatures (150°, 250°, 350° and 500°C) in this study. Cylindrical specimens were prepared for pull-out tests to find out the bond behavior and to observe the mechanical properties of concrete. All the specimens were 100 mm diameter and 200 mm height. The pull-out specimens contain a 10 mm steel bar at its center. The specimens were tested at 52 days age following a 28 days water curing. Samples were preheated for 3 hours at 100°C temperature and then put into the furnace for 1 hour at the target temperature. Samples were tested before preheating as controlled specimens. In case of mechanical properties and the bond strength of concrete, there were no remarkable changes due to elevated temperature up to 150°C. However, the mechanical properties and bond strength were decreased gradually after 150°C temperature. Maximum reduction of bond strength observed was 52.13% and 49.8% at 500°C for testing within 1 hour and after 24 hours of heating respectively when compared to the controlled specimens. Bond strength was found to reduce at a greater rate than compressive strength due to the elevated temperature.
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Amin, Mohamed, and Khaled Abu el-hassan. "Effect of different fiber types on the mechanical properties of normal and high strength concrete at elevated temperatures." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 12, no. 1 (March 12, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2021.01.004.
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The effects of the types of fibers on mechanical properties of normal and high strength concrete under high temperature, up to 700 °C, was investigated. Three different- type fiber; "Steel Fiber (SF), Glass Fiber (GF) and Polypropylene Fiber (PPF)" are added into the concretes in five different ratios (0, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.0%)of the volume under the following temperatures; 22, 100, 400 and 700°C. The results indicate that all the different types of fibers researched contribute to both the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete under high temperature, however, it is also found that this contribution decreases with an increase in temperature. The flexural strengths and compressive strengths for NSC and HSC mixes at 28 days under high temperature decreases as the temperature increases especially up to 400°C. Also, the best compressive and flexural strengths performance under high temperature was also those of SF. The compressive strength of the concrete incorporating SF was reduced under high temperature only, while the mixes containing PPF and GF were reduced under high temperature or with fiber addition. The optimum fiber addition ratios of the mixes containing PPF and GF are between 0.5-1.0 percent by volume. And for SF, it is 1.5% by the volume.
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Ťažký, Martin, Lenka Bodnárová, Lucia Ťažká, Rudolf Hela, Milan Meruňka, and Petr Hlaváček. "The Effect of the Composition of a Concrete Mixture on Its Volume Changes." Materials 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040828.
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The presented research aims to clarify the specific effect of the individual components of concrete with Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R on the volume changes of concrete. The effect of the filler component was evaluated from the point of view of the composition and type of aggregate (crushed versus mined) and from the point of view of the mineralogical composition of the aggregate. Concrete formulas with a maximum aggregate grain size of 16 and 22 mm were assessed. The effect of the binder component on the shrinkage of the concrete was monitored on the concrete mixtures produced using the same aggregate and maintaining the same strength class of concrete, C 45/55. The effect of the addition of finely ground limestone, finely ground granulated blast furnace slag and coal high-temperature fly ash was monitored. It was found that the maximum aggregate grain and the type of grading curve do not have a significant effect on the volume changes of concrete. Concretes with mined aggregates showed lower shrinkage than concretes with crushed aggregates. The most significant is the effect of the type of aggregate on the volume changes in the first 24 h. Mineral additives have a positive effect on the elimination of the volume changes of concrete, while the addition of high-temperature fly ash proved to be the most suitable.
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Yavari, Neda, Anh Minh Tang, Jean-Michel Pereira, and Ghazi Hassen. "Effect of temperature on the shear strength of soils and the soil–structure interface." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 7 (July 2016): 1186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0355.
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In the present work, the shear behaviour of soils and the soil–concrete interface is investigated through direct shear tests at various temperatures. A conventional direct shear apparatus, equipped with a temperature control system, was used to test sand, clay, and the clay–concrete interface at various temperatures (5, 20, and 40 °C). These values correspond to the range of temperatures observed near thermoactive geostructures. Tests were performed at normal stress values ranging from 5 to 80 kPa. Results show that the effect of temperature on the shear strength parameters of soils and the soil–concrete interface is negligible. A softening behaviour was observed during shearing of the clay–concrete interface, which was not the case with clay specimens. The peak strength of the clay–concrete interface is smaller than the ultimate shear strength of clay.
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Zhdaniuk, Valeriy, Oleksandr Volovyk, Dmytro Kostin, and Sergey Lisovin. "An investigation of the effect of thermoplastic additives in asphalt concrete mixtures on the properties of different types of asphalt concrete." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 6 (110) (April 12, 2021): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.227806.
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The effect of modification of asphalt concrete mixtures of different grain sizes with “Ric-Polycell” (Ukraine) and “Duroflex®-SMA” thermoplastic polymers (Germany), which were added directly to the asphalt mixer during their preparation, on the properties of asphalt concrete was studied. It is confirmed that it is more expedient to use stone mastic asphalt concretes with a larger size of mineral crushed stone grains on high-traffic roads, as they are more rutting-resistant compared to asphalt concretes with smaller size and content of crushed stone grains. The effect of the temperature of preparation and thermostating of asphalt concrete mixtures modified with the investigated thermoplastics on the compressive strength of asphalt concrete at a temperature of 50 °С, which were made of the studied mixtures, was investigated. It was found that the maximum possible temperatures of preparation and thermostating of asphalt concrete mixes provide a more complete modification. The effect of the content of thermoplastic polymers in the composition of asphalt concrete mixtures on the properties and rutting resistance of fine-grained asphalt concrete, as well as stone mastic asphalt concrete, was studied. It was found that adding the “Ric-Polycell” polymer in the amount of 1.5 % and 3 % by weight of bitumen in the composition of the studied asphalt mixtures in the asphalt mixer during their preparation increases the rutting resistance of asphalt concrete under the studied conditions by 2.52–3.86 times. Modification of asphalt concrete mixtures with the “Duroflex®-SMA” additive in the amount of 0.3 % and 0.6 % by weight of the aggregate by a similar technology also allows increasing the rutting resistance of the obtained asphalt concrete by 1.86–3.16 times. Using these modifiers in the future will have a positive effect on the service life of the entire pavement structure
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Serafini, Ramoel, Felipe Pereira Santos, Ronney Rodrigues Agra, Albert De la Fuente, and Antonio Domingues de Figueiredo. "EFFECT OF SPECIMEN SHAPE ON THE COMPRESSIVE PARAMETERS OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE AFTER TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE." Journal of Urban Technology and Sustainability 1, no. 1 (December 11, 2018): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47842/juts.v1i1.7.
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This study investigated the effect of specimen shape (cylindrical and cubical) on the compressive strength and elastic modulus of steel fiber reinforced concrete after exposure to the temperatures of 150, 300, 450, and 600 °C. Results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the composite significantly reduce with the increase in temperature, independent of the specimen shape. Additionally, a significant difference in the compressive strength and elastic modulus conversion factors for cube-cylinder was verified with the increase in temperature. This study contributes to the limited amount of studies regarding the effect of elevated temperatures on steel fiber reinforced concretes and shows that the elevated temperatures may have a significant effect in the conversion factors for cube-cylinder.
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Paul, Snahashish, Muhammad Harunur Rashid, and Md Anisur Rahman. "Effect of Elevated Temperature on Residual Strength of Self Compacted Concrete." Journal of Engineering Science 11, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jes.v11i2.50902.
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Self Compacted Concrete (SCC) is a material used in the construction industry to ensure proper compaction of concrete without providing any external energy. In case of exposure of SCC to accidental fire, an assessment of its residual capacity is needed. This study covers the observation of residual compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of self compacted concrete under elevated temperatures (150, 300, 450, 600 and 800⁰C) and cooling conditions (air cooling and water quenching). The compressive strength increased at 150⁰C and decreased continuously after this temperature. However, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity decreased at elevated temperatures compared with ambient temperature. The compressive strength at ambient temperature (30⁰C) was 27.0 MPa, and it raised to 28.7 MPa at 150⁰C for air cooling and 27.8 MPa for water quenching.
Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 107-115
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Hale, W. Micah, Thomas D. Bush, Bruce W. Russell, and Seamus F. Freyne. "Effect of Curing Temperature on Hardened Concrete Properties." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1914, no. 1 (January 2005): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191400112.
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Often, concrete is not mixed or placed under ideal conditions. Particularly in the winter or the summer months, the temperature of fresh concrete is quite different from that of concrete mixed under laboratory conditions. This paper examines the influence of supplementary cementitious materials on the strength development (and other hardened properties) of concrete subjected to different curing regimens. The supplementary cementitious materials used in the research program were ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), fly ash, and a combination of both materials. The three curing regimens used were hot weather curing, standard curing, and cold weather curing. Under the conditions tested, the results show that the addition of GGBFS at a relatively low replacement rate can improve the hardened properties for each curing regimen. This improvement was noticeable not only at later ages but also at early ages. Mixtures that contained both materials (GGBFS and fly ash) performed as well as and, in most cases, better than mixtures that contained only portland cement in all curing regimens.
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He, Xi Xi, and Dian Biao Zhao. "Influence of Hydration Heat of Fly Ash Concrete on Size Effect." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2916.
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In this paper, the influence of fly ash concretes sustained hydration heat release effect on strength size effect was studied, by using different curing temperature indoor and outdoor in winter. The results showed that the reduce of hydration heat for fly ash concrete is not conducive to ensure the strength of concrete cured outdoor or indoor in winter. However, the growth of volume is beneficial to ensure the necessary hydration heat in concrete curing, so that the size effect of concrete strength appears that the strength increases with size increasing.
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Wang, Zhen Hong, Shu Ping Yu, and Yi Liu. "Temperature Control and Anti-Cracking Measures for a High-Performance Concrete Aqueduct." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2739.
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To solve the problem of cracks developing on thin-walled concrete structures during construction, the authors expound on the causes of cracks and the crack mechanism. The difference between external and internal temperatures, basic temperature difference and constraints are the main reasons of crack development on thin-walled concrete structures. Measures such as optimizing concrete mixing ratio, improving construction technology, and reducing temperature difference can prevent thin-walled concrete structures from cracking. Moreover, water-pipe cooling technology commonly used in mass concrete can be applied to thin-walled concrete structures to reduce temperature difference. This method is undoubtedly a breakthrough in anti-cracking technology for thin-walled concrete structures, particularly for thin-walled high-performance concrete structures. In addition, a three-dimensional finite element method is adopted to simulate the calculation of temperature control and anti-cracking effects f. Results show the apparent temperature controlling effect of water-pipe cooling for thin-walled concrete structures.
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Kammouna, Zainab. "Effect of Change in Ambient Temperature on Creep of Concrete." Journal of Cement Based Composites 2, no. 1 (August 24, 2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebacom.2021.001.004.
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This article reviews the studies on the effect of temperature on the creep of concrete. Indeed, the temperature is one of the most important factors, as its rise leads to an acceleration of creep of concrete and thus an increase in its value compared to concrete under normal temperature. However, creep increases significantly if concrete under load is exposed to a high temperature. Thus, the creep value becomes higher than that of concrete exposed to a constant temperature (of the same level). Unfortunately, some of the codes for predicting creep of concrete (for instance the Eurocode) do not take into account the effect of high temperature on the creep of concrete under load. To clarify the impact of heating concrete under load (on creep) and distinguish it from its effect where it is constant, this study was carried out.
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Zhang, Feng, Jia Shen, and Jinyi Liu. "Effect of encased concrete on section temperature gradient of corrugated steel web box girder." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 11 (March 2, 2021): 2321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433221992495.
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Thirty-two temperature sensors, a solar radiation sensor, wind speed, and direction sensor were installed on the bridge for the field monitoring of structural temperature, solar radiation, and wind. The frequency was set at 60 min for 211 days. Empirical equations were used to predict the maximum vertical and lateral temperature gradients, and the daily maximum and minimum mean temperatures of the corrugated steel web box girder. The results showed that the temperature gradient of the corrugated steel web box girder was closely related to the temperature gradient of air. The vertical maximum temperature gradient occurred at 4 pm. The height of the box girder had a significant effect on the accuracy of the predicted vertical maximum temperature gradient. Compared with the section without encased concrete, the maximum temperature gradient of the encased concrete section was reduced by 10.48%. Encased concrete showed minimal effect on both the vertical and lateral temperature gradient of the top plate part, however, the effect on the vertical temperature gradient of the haunch reduced by 17.19%. The maximum temperature gradient of corrugated steel with a composite encased concrete section was 4.12°C, which was less than that of the section without encased concrete at 5.06°C. The encased concrete had a significant effect on the maximum temperature gradient of corrugated steel web with a 26.99% deviation.
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Wang, Da, Benkun Tan, Xie Wang, and Zhenhao Zhang. "Experimental study and numerical simulation of temperature gradient effect for steel-concrete composite bridge deck." Measurement and Control 54, no. 5-6 (April 15, 2021): 681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00202940211007166.
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The temperature distribution of the bridge and its thermal effect has always been an important issue for researchers. To investigate the temperature distribution and thermal stress in the steel-concrete composite bridge deck, a 1:4 ratio temperature gradient effect experimental study was carried out in this paper. First, a set of experimental equipment for laboratory temperature gradient loading was designed based on the principle of temperature gradient caused by solar radiation, the temperature gradient obtained from the measurements were compared with the specifications and verified by the FE method. Next, the loading of the steel-concrete composite deck at different temperatures was performed. The thermal stress response and change trend of the simply supported and continuously constrained boundary conditions under different temperature loads were analyzed. The experimental results show that the vertical temperature of steel-concrete composite bridge deck is nonlinear, which is consistent with the temperature gradient trend of specifications. The vertical temperature gradient has a great influence on the steel-concrete composite bridge deck under different constraints, and the extreme stress of concrete slab and steel beam is almost linear with the temperature gradient. Finally, some suggestions for steel-concrete composite deck design were provided based on the research results.
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Wang, Huailiang, Min Wei, Yuhui Wu, Jianling Huang, Huihua Chen, and Baoquan Cheng. "Mechanical Behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Exposed to High Temperatures." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010116.
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The mechanical characteristics of steel fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete (SFLWC) under high temperatures are studied in this paper. Different concrete matrices, including all-lightweight concrete (ALWC) and semi-lightweight concrete (SLWC), and different steel fibers with hooked ends and crimped shapes are considered as objects. In addition, normal-weight limestone aggregates concrete (NWC), no-fiber ALWC, and SLWC were tested after high-temperature treatment as a control group. The temperature effects on the splitting tensile strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive stress–strain curve, elastic module, peak strain, and axial compressive strength of the SFLWC were investigated. The results showed that, with increasing exposure temperature, both the axial compressive strength and the elastic modulus decreased, while the axial peak strain has a certain increase, and hence the stress–strain curves were gradually flattened. The toughness of all the concretes increased first and then reduced with increasing temperature, while the specific toughness of all the concretes increased with the increase in temperature. Compared with NWC and SLWC, ALWC had a better capacity to resist high temperatures, especially temperatures > 400 °C. Adding steel fibers can improve the capacity of energy absorption, specific toughness, and residual splitting tensile strength of lightweight concrete (LWC) before and after it is exposed to high temperatures. Based on a regression analysis, a segmented constitutive equation for LWC and SFLWC under uniaxial compression was derived from fitting the experimental findings, and the fitting curve agrees well with the test results.
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Chandrakanth, V., and Srikanth Koniki. "Effect of Review elevated temperature on geo-polymer concrete – A Review." E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401090.
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The study on the effect of elevated temperature on Geo-polymer concrete (GPC) got its significance because conventional concrete start to deteriorate around 4000C. GPC gains attention as it is eco-friendly and economical, by utilizing industrial by-products. GPC also an alternate solution as the raw materials to produce cement are depleting day by day. GPC gains strength by geo-polymerization with the reactions between mineral admixtures and alkaline solutions. This paper presents the studies on general properties and advantages of GPC over conventional concrete which depend on properties of binder, type of curing etc. Current study mainly concentrates on effect of elevated temperatures and post fire properties of GPC depending upon rate of heating, duration of fire and maximum high temperature. Strength and durability recovery of fire damaged concrete is discussed.
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Van Lam, Tang, Trong Chuc Nguyen, Ngo Xuan Hung, Dang Van Phi, Boris Bulgakov, and Sophia Bazhenova. "Effect of natural pozzolan on strength and temperature distribution of heavyweight concrete at early ages." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 03024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819303024.
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The benefits of using mineral additive as a partial replacement for cement in heavyweight concrete are discussed. This paper presents the strength development and temperature distribution of concrete using Class F of natural pozzolan (PU) sourced from Northern part of Vietnam. Based on the results of conducted studies, strengths of the natural pozzolan concrete at different ages were generally lower than those of control concrete. The 7-day compressive strengths of concrete with 20% PU decreases mostly by 30.1% and least by 12.3% at the age of 28 days in comparison with control concrete. However, natural pozzolan increases the workability of fresh concrete up to 16.67% in comparison with control concrete. By using the computer program Midas Civil, the maximum temperatures at the center of concrete block with 100% cement and of concrete block with 80% cement + 20% PU are 65.7600C and 52.4400C, respectively, after 48 hours from the beginning of pouring. In addition, temperature difference between the central point and the environmental temperature of the control concrete are higher than heavyweight concrete using 20% PU. Meaningfully, the risk of through thermal cracking of heavyweight concrete without pozzolan are higher than heavyweight concrete PU to replace 20% of mass cement.
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Chen, Zheng, Shao Peng Wu, Mei Zhu Chen, and Jin Gang Wang. "Evaluation on Solar Heat Reflective Coatings to Reduce Asphalt Concrete Temperature." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.181.
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As the development of civil construction, the heat island effect in large cities of China has gradually become a social issue. Pavements, especially asphalt pavements, are considered to be one of the main causes of the heat island effect as they cover wide area of cities. In some regions, the surface of asphalt pavements can even be heated up to more than 70°C by solar irradiation in summer times due to the excellent heat-absorbing property of asphalt concrete. In this paper, a solar heat reflective coating on asphalt pavement was investigated to reduce asphalt pavements temperature and mitigate the heat island effect. A solar heat reflective coating was synthesized with certain component contents of resin, pigments, fillings and additives on the basis of the principles of heat reflection. The surface temperatures of the concrete covered by solar heat reflective coating and the reference were compared. Meanwhile, an accelerated loading test with loaded vehicles was performed for these two asphalt concretes. The influence of the reduction in the surface temperature on the air temperature was simulated. The research results indicate that the solar heat reflective coating can obviously reduce the surface temperature of asphalt concrete for its high light-reflection rate in the infrared and visible wavelength region. Furthermore, the accelerated loading test also suggests that this coating improves the rutting resistance of the asphalt concrete compared to the reference when exposed to the same irradiation strength. Therefore, this solar heat reflective coating on asphalt pavement could be adopted as a countermeasure against the heat island effect.
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Tian, Kai Ping, Bai Lin Xu, Yao Ying Huang, Yi Hong Zhou, and Yue Mei Ding. "The Effect of New Pouring Precooling Concrete on Lower Layer Concrete in Different Seasons." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.60.
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Based on massive concrete block in practical engineering, the effect of new pouring precooling concrete on lower layer concrete in different seasons was simulated by using three-dimensional finite element simulation program of non-steady temperature field, and the temperature changes near the surface of lower layer concrete have been analyzed detailedly. It is indicated that, there is obvious “cold strike” effect of new pouring precooling concrete on lower layer concrete in summer, the effect in autumn followed by, and there is also the effect in spring but not obvious. In winter, as ambient air temperature is very low, there is not “cold strike” effect and the lower layer concrete temperature gradually recovery after pouring new concrete. Because actual concrete pouring deck surface maintenance is often not in place, the surface temperature of the pouring deck, which is greatly influenced by ambient air temperature and solar radiation, is very high in high temperature seasons. At the moment, the “cold strike” effect of new pouring precooling concrete on lower layer concrete is very obvious and likely to lead to the crack of the concrete. Hence, it is suggested that, after finish pouring of concrete and final set of concrete, sprinkling water or flowing water maintenance should be carried out in high temperature seasons, such as summer and autumn; before pouring the concrete, it is better to take measures, like spray and sprinkling water, to reduce the surface temperature of lower layer concrete, and try to avoid starting pouring concrete at midday.
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Kuo, Ming Feng, and Shin Jie Li. "Recycled Concrete at Elevated High Temperature Duration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1099–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1099.
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Recycled concrete is the concrete mixed with crush aggregate recycled by waste concrete. This study investigates the effect of long term duration at high temperature on the mechanical properties and behavior of recycled concrete. The result shows that recycled concrete shrank after heating to temperatures below 500°C. Because the silicate aggregates expand over 573°C, recycled concrete expanded at 750°C. Recycled concrete contained the more recycled aggregates, the less expanded. The mechanical behavior of recycled concrete was worse than conventional concrete at treatments below 500°C. However, over 500oC, the resistivity of recycled concrete from construction sites, which contains some red brick, was better than conventional concrete. The property difference tends to decrease with elevated temperature.
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Wang, Yuzhuo, Bingjie Zhang, Ziqing Liu, Ying Gao, and Chuanguo Fu. "Effect of temperature on the bond-slip between I-shaped steel and concrete." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 10 (February 15, 2021): 2201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433221993551.
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This paper presents results from an experimental study on the effect of temperature on bond strength of I-shaped steel and concrete. Eleven concrete encased steel (CES) specimens were tested by home-made fire test furnace to evaluate bond strength at various constant high temperatures (20°C600°C). The test results showed that: (1) the trend of the bond-slip curves at high temperatures were much similar to that at room temperature. Compared with room temperature specimen, the ultimate bond load and the residual bond load of specimens at high temperatures were significantly decreased. The specimens with the higher temperature had the less ultimate bond load and residual bond load. (2) In the descending stage, the P-S curve of the specimens with higher temperatures had more flat slope. The P-S curve of the specimens at the temperatures higher than 250°C had invisible descending stage. The ultimate bond load of the specimen at 600°C left with only about 5% of that at room temperature. (3) The ultimate slippages (i.e. the slippage at the ultimate bond load) of specimens at high temperatures were larger than that at room temperature, and varied from 2 to 5 mm. (4) The calculation formulas of ultimate bond load, ultimate slippage, and residual bond load at different temperatures were presented, the constitutive equations of bond-slip at different temperatures were obtained, which will provide a reference for the fire-resistant design of concrete encased steel columns.
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Fořt, Jan, David Čítek, Milena Pavlíková, and Zbyšek Pavlík. "The Effect of High Temperature Exposure on Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced UHPC." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.275.
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High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC) became very popular material for its high mechanical strength, elastic modulus and corrosion resistance. However, also its high-temperature resistance is of a particular importance because of the fire safety. Therefore, the effect of high-temperature exposure on UHPC reinforced by combination of steel and PVA fibers was studied in the paper. PVA fibers were used to moderate concrete damage induced by water vapor evaporation from dense UHPC matrix. The UHPFRC samples were exposed to the temperatures of 200 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1 000 °C respectively. Concrete structural changes induced by high temperature action were described by the measurement of basic physical and mechanical properties. The realized experiments provide information on the changes of concrete porosity and loss of mechanical resistivity.
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Wang, Lu, Ying Min Li, Li Ping Liu, Shang Ling Xue, Xun Dai, Yu Zhang, and Zhao Hui Hu. "Numerical Simulation of Temperature Effect of Concrete Hydration." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.483.
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Based on the improved equation of concrete heat-generation rate and an improved calculation method of temperature stress, the temperature effect of concrete hydration heat is simulated successfully in ANSYS. Comparison between the numerical simulation results and test results of a scaled model of blast furnace foundation indicates that the calculated temperature field based on the improved equation and method is much closer to that of test than which obtained by the old equation and method. By using the stress superposition principle, the temperature-stress field can be calculated with considering the change of material behavior with temperature and time.
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Zhakin, A. I. "The high-temperature and radiative effect on concrete." High Temperature 55, no. 5 (September 2017): 767–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018151x17050224.
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Kalkani, E. C. "Ambient Temperature Effect in Concrete Dam Foundation Seepage." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 118, no. 1 (January 1992): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1992)118:1(1).
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Triwulan, Januarti Jaya Ekaputri, and Nur Fadlilah Priyanka. "The Effect of Temperature Curing on Geopolymer Concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 97 (2017): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20179701005.
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Jawed, Ahmed, Vikash Vashsith, and Bhanupriya Sharma. "Effect of High Temperature on Fly Ash Concrete." International Journal of Civil Engineering 4, no. 6 (June 25, 2017): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488352/ijce-v4i6p109.
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