Journal articles: 'Concrete-filled tube (CFT)'

1

Liu, Jui Ling, Dung M. Lue, and Ping T. Chung. "Impact on the Strength of Newly-Placed Concrete-Filled Tube under Earthquake Excitation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1345.

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The Chi-Chi earthquake caused significant loss of property and life. This phenomenon disclosed many design-related in the construction industry. The first condition that we would like to determine is whether the earthquake affected the final strength of newly-cast concrete if the fresh concrete was cast just before the earthquake struck, particularly when the fresh concrete was cast just before its initial or final setting. This study aims to investigate the effects of an earthquake on fresh concrete. Twenty specimens were fabricated to investigate the effects of strong ground motion on concrete. Of the 20 specimens, 9 were lightweight-concrete-filled CFT (Concrete Filled Tube) columns, 9 were CFT columns filled with concrete of normal weight, and the remaining two were pure steel hollow tubes. The specimens were leveled on a shaking table to simulate the strong ground motion caused by an earthquake. The test reveals that the lightweight-concrete-filled CFT columns are unaffected by the quake. However, the normal weight concrete filled CFT columns are slightly affected by the quake.

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Qiu, Wen Liang, Meng Jiang, and Le Zhou. "Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Pier with Inside Concrete Filled Steel Tube." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 4194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.4194.

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A reinforced concrete column with inside concrete filled steel tube (RC-CFT) has many advantages over reinforced concrete (RC) column, such as higher compression, shear and moment capacity, higher ductility. So this kind of composite column has been used as frame column in buildings. In this paper, the composite columns are used as piers of a continuous bridge to improve the seismic performance. Using nonlinear time-history analysis method and fiber element model, considering elasto-plastic nonlinearity, the nonlinear relationships between lateral load and horizontal displacement of RC-CFT pier and RC pier are calculated, and the seismic behaviors of continuous bridges with the two types of piers are analyzed. Based on the comparison of the results, it is found that the ductility of RC-CFT pier is much larger than RC pier. Under the same intensity earthquakes, the damage of RC-CFT pier is less than the RC pier, and RC-CFT pier is more safe and easy to be repaired after earthquake.

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Wang, Ying, Xiao Yu Wang, and Jin Hua Xu. "Investigation of Concrete Filling Result in a New Concrete Filled Steel Tube Structure Using Concrete Visual Model." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.945.

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Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is employed to construct a new CFT column-CFT beam frame structure in this research. In order to further assess filling result of SCC in the long steel tube to ensure good compaction rate, a 1/4 scale column-beam subassembly made of acrylics tube and concrete visual model, in which fresh concrete is simulated through mortar phase and coarse aggregate phase, are adopted to do the simulation experiment work. The experiment result shows that good filling result is able to be obtained inside the subassembly which indicates that the new CFT column-CFT beam frame structure is possible to be constructed in the real building.

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Nguyen, Doan-Binh, Wei-Sheng Lin, and Wen-Cheng Liao. "Long-Term Creep and Shrinkage Behavior of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020295.

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A concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) combines the advantages of concrete and steel in construction and structural applications. However, research on the time-dependent deformation of the CFT under long-term sustained loading are still limited, particularly for stress transfer between the steel tube and concrete due to creep. This study investigated the creep behavior of CFT over a long period of 400 days. The creep and shrinkage strain of CFT was significantly lower than those of concrete that was not confined within a steel tube. The vertical strains of the steel tube and concrete core were almost identical, and it was shown that they were well bonded and acted as a composite. The vertical stress of steel increased by 32.7%, whereas the vertical stress of concrete decreased by 15.8% at 375 days. The stress transfer is notable and cannot be neglected in CFT design. Moreover, the results of creep and shrinkage were compared to prediction values of the B4 model and B4-TW model to verify their validity.

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Nguyen, Doan-Binh, Wei-Sheng Lin, and Wen-Cheng Liao. "Long-Term Creep and Shrinkage Behavior of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020295.

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A concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) combines the advantages of concrete and steel in construction and structural applications. However, research on the time-dependent deformation of the CFT under long-term sustained loading are still limited, particularly for stress transfer between the steel tube and concrete due to creep. This study investigated the creep behavior of CFT over a long period of 400 days. The creep and shrinkage strain of CFT was significantly lower than those of concrete that was not confined within a steel tube. The vertical strains of the steel tube and concrete core were almost identical, and it was shown that they were well bonded and acted as a composite. The vertical stress of steel increased by 32.7%, whereas the vertical stress of concrete decreased by 15.8% at 375 days. The stress transfer is notable and cannot be neglected in CFT design. Moreover, the results of creep and shrinkage were compared to prediction values of the B4 model and B4-TW model to verify their validity.

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Lv, Jing, Tianhua Zhou, Qiang Du, Kunlun Li, and Liangwei Jin. "Research on the Bond Behavior of Preplaced Aggregate Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns." Materials 13, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020300.

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In order to investigate the bond behavior of preplaced aggregate concrete-filled steel tube (CFT-PAC) columns and the difference of bond behavior between CFT-PAC columns and normal concrete-filled steel tube (CFT-NC) columns, a total of 11 columns were prepared and the push-out tests were conducted. The experimental parameters included the type of concrete (preplaced aggregate concrete and normal concrete), concrete strength (C40, C50 and C60), cross-section dimension (D = 219 mm, 299 mm and 351 mm) and the thickness of steel tube (t = 6 mm and 8 mm). The results indicated that the CTF-PAC columns had a similar load-slip curves with CFT-NC columns. The bond stresses of the CFT-PAC columns were higher than that of the PAC-NC columns at the same concrete strength. Increasing compressive strength of PAC increased the critical bond strength and bond strength of CFT-PAC columns. With an increase of the L/D ratio, both of the slip corresponding to peak load and bond strength of CFT-PAC columns exhibited an increasing trend. A rise in the D/t ratio led to a decrease in the bond stress of CFT-PAC columns and an increase in slip corresponding to the peak load of CFT-PAC columns. The proposed bond stress–slip relationship model considerably matched the bond stress–slip relationship of CFT-PAC columns.

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Lee, Hak-Eun. "Evaluation of P-M Interaction Curve for Circular Concrete-Filled Tube (CFT) Column." Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers 34, no. 2 (2014): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.12652/ksce.2014.34.2.0355.

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8

Zhao, Hua, Rui Han, Weiguang Yuan, Shichun Zhao, and Yuping Sun. "Elastoplastic Analysis of Circular Steel Tube of CFT Stub Columns under Axial Compression." Materials 15, no. 22 (November 21, 2022): 8275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228275.

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Composite action between the components of the concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) is complex and it is difficult to accurately obtain the experimental relationship between the steel tube and the core concrete of CFT columns. The triaxially stressed core concrete has been studied by hydrostatic test in past research, while little research has been focused on the mechanical behavior of steel tube of CFT columns. It is difficult to obtain the experimental constitutive relationship of the steel tube of CFT columns to reflect the real-time influence of biaxial stress state and local buckling of steel plate on the steel tube. To clarify the mechanical behavior of the steel tube of CFT columns, this paper proposed an elastoplastic analytical method considering biaxial stress state and local buckling of steel tube to obtain the stress–strain curve of the steel tube. This method applied the Hook’s law and the plasticity theory to interpret the information conveyed by the measured vertical and hoop strain histories of the steel tube. To verify its effectiveness, 11 circular concrete-filled steel tube stub columns were fabricated and tested under axial compression. Superposition results of the axial load–strain of steel tube and core concrete were compared against the experimental curves. The widely used Sakino–Sun model of the confined concrete was adopted to calculate the axial load–strain curve of the core concrete. Satisfactory agreements between the calculated and experimental results confirmed the rationality of the proposed method in tracing the constitutive relation of the biaxially stressed steel tube even after the occurrence of the local buckling. The obtained stress–strain relationship is critical for establishment of mathematical constitutive model and finite element model of steel tube.

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Liu, Jing, Wen-jun Wang, Fa-xing Ding, Xin-fa Zeng, Zhe Tan, Yan Huang, and Bao-quan Wang. "Behavior of Axially Loaded Stirrup Confinement Rectangular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Stub Columns." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (December 2, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2712091.

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This article presents the experimental and finite element (FE) analyses of two conventional rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns, two stiffened rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (SCFT) stub columns, and two stirrup confinement rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CCFT) stub columns concentrically loaded in compression to failure. The influences of the ductility and ultimate bearing strength of these stub columns with stiffening ribs or spiral stirrup confinement were discussed. Abaqus was used to establish a 3D FE model and analyze the properties of CFT stub columns subjected to axial compression. The effect of the concrete core and rectangular steel tube under loop stirrup confinement was discussed. Analytical results showed that spiral stirrup confinement can availably retard the local bucking of the rectangular steel pipe, and the effect of the spiral stirrup confinement was stronger than that of stiffeners. The DI values of SCFT and CCFT were 21.9% and 31.9% larger than those of CFT, respectively. The ultimate capacity values of SCFT and CCFT were 10.2% and 18% larger than those of CFT, respectively. The ductility and ultimate bearing strength of the specimens improved effectively under spiral stirrup confinement, and the ductility of the CCFT columns was preferable to that of the SCFT columns.

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10

Wang, Ying, Miao Li, Jin Hua Xu, and Zhe Zhang. "Comparison between New Concrete Filled Steel Tube Frame Structure and Steel Frame Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1024–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1024.

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Concrete filled steel tube (CFT) structure has advantages of the high tensile strength and ductility of steel in addition to the high compressive strength and stiffness of concrete. This research proposes a new CFT column-CFT beam frame structure. In order to validate the cost performance of the new CFT column-CFT beam frame structure, designs were carried out for building frames using both the new CFT column-CFT beam frame structure and conventional steel frame structure. The amount of consumed materials and cost estimations of each designed new CFT and conventional steel building frame are analyzed and compared. The result shows that the new CFT column-CFT beam frame structure is able to exhibit high cost performance than conventional steel frame structure.

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11

Jung, Eun-bi, Seo-Haeng Lee, Jung-Han Yoo, Charles Roeder, and Dawn Lehman. "Shear behavior of large-diameter concrete filled tube (CFT)." International Journal of Steel Structures 17, no. 4 (December 2017): 1651–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-017-1229-2.

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12

Liu, Lei Lei. "Reliability Analysis of Concrete-Filled Tube Column." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.667.

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To improve the accuracy of describing the nonlinear behavior of long concrete-filled tubes (CFT) and make the nonlinear reliability analysis method more valuable for engineering application, based on the response surface and nonlinear finite element method, the reliability analysis model for the nonlinear carrying capacity of concrete-filled steel tube structure is made, with the help of consistent mode imperfection method to consider the initial geometric defects of the structure. After a parametric analysis of the diameter-thickness ratio and the slenderness ratio, the application scope is examined. The numerical results show that as the slenderness ratio increases, the influence of the initial geometric defects on the reliability of carrying capacity increases gradually. It is suggested that when the slenderness ratio is bigger than 15, the effect of initial geometric defects on the reliability index should be included. Moreover, when the diameter-thickness ratio is smaller, influence of geometric nonlinearity on the reliability index of the carrying capacity is obvious.

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13

Wang, Ying, Xin Yang Li, and Ming Zhang. "Research on Seismic Behavior and Cost Estimation of a New Concrete Filled Steel Tube Frame Structure." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 1231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1231.

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A new concrete filled steel tube (CFT) frame structure was developed by using self-compacting concrete (SCC). Experimental work was done in order to investigate seismic behavior of the new CFT frame structure. The experiment result shows that sufficient deformation capacity is able to be obtained in PC bar jointed CFT column-beam joint specimens. Cost estimation and comparison result of the new CFT frame structure and steel frame structure system were also be described.

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14

Lu, Zhao Hui, Yan Gang Zhao, and Zhi Wu Yu. "A Strength Model for Square CFT Stub Columns with Compact Sections." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.425.

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This paper presents an investigation of ultimate strength of square CFT stub columns with compact sections. The beneficial composite action between the steel tube and the filled concrete is taken into account and a new analytical model for predicting the axial capacity of square CFT stub columns with compact sections is proposed. Experimental results of 89 axially loaded square CFT stub columns published in the literature are then used to verify the proposed strength model. Results show that the proposed strength model provides a direct, compact, and efficient representation of the ultimate strength of square CFT stub columns made with not only normal strength but also with high strength steel tubes and concrete.

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Jong, Wan Hu, and Myungjang Hee. "Case Study for Rectangular Composite Panel Zone." Applied Mechanics and Materials 459 (October 2013): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.459.614.

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Concrete-filled-tube (CFT) is steel-concrete composite structure what has the advantage of ductility and high compression. The Steel tube confine the concrete in high compression load and the concrete reduce the local buckling of the tube wall. However, A CFT model is complicated to propose on account of the behavior of the beam-column connection. This paper is mainly performed to investigate connection of bolt that is described on the basis of CFT. The RCFT design is found to derive equation for calculating the yield strength, shear stiffness, and the ultimate shear strength for the composite panel zone. In addition, step-by-step process for connection design will be described in this paper. Finally, RCFT design is applied to the connection of bolt suggested in this study.

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16

Liu, Jui Ling, Dung Myau Lue, and Ping T. Chung. "The Application of Light Weight Aggregate Using Reservoir Sediments for Concrete Filled Columns." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1379.

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In the current 2005 AISC specification, the in-filled light-weight concrete strength (fc´) of concrete-filled tube (CFT) columns is set in the range of 21~ 42 MPa, but with no real substantial testing data to confirm and verify the provisions. Research work related to rectangular column sections with light-weight concrete is rather limited and deserves further investigation. Eighteen rectangular tubes filled with light-weight concrete with fc´ varying from21.4 to43.5 MPa were tested. A special kind of light weight aggregate using find sediment deposits dredged from a local reservoir in Taiwan were used in this experimental study. Formulas for CFT columns as specified in the design code AISC Specification were examined and compared. The test results actually show that the further lower fc´ values are possible and that the 1999 AISC-LRFD provisions yields conservative design results. For the fc´ range specified in the 2005 AISC specification is found to be in good agreement with the test results

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17

Lee, Juho, Hyeoung-Deok Lee, Jong-Keol Song, and Jiho Moon. "Design and Static-Performance Evaluation of Concrete-Filled-Tube Rock Shed Structure." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.5.165.

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Rockfall protection facilities are necessary to reduce damages from rockfall or debris flow on roads near steep cut slopes. In Korea, rockfall protection fences and rock sheds are widely utilized for rockfall protection facilities. The rock shed is made of reinforced concrete or steel in the shape of a tunnel, and it is used for protecting the road from massive rockfall (up to 3,000 kJ of rockfall energy). In this study, a new type of rock shed comprising a Concrete-Filled-Tube (CFT) was designed. First, the proposed CFT rock shed could resist up to 3,000 kJ rockfall energy. Next, the performance of the CFT was verified through static analysis in which the 3,000 kJ rockfall energy was considered as the equivalent static load.

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Kim, Jin Ho, and Tae Wook Kim. "Seismic Performance of In-Filled Steel-Concrete Composite Columns Using Fiber Analysis Method." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1821.

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The study for cyclic load-displacement relationship and seismic characteristics of square Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular (CFT) columns is experimentally and analytically conducted. Nine CFT column specimens are tested under constant axial loading and monotonically increasing lateral loading. For predicting the strength and ductility of CFT columns, fiber analysis technique is used. The analytical results show reasonable agreement with experiment results and the moment capacity of CFT columns is predicted with reasonable accuracy using the fiber model. The influence of the steel tube on the lateral response of CFT columns is studied for the evaluation of seismic performance.

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Kang, In-Kyu, and Sun-Hee Kim. "Compressive Strength Testing of Hybrid Concrete-Filled Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Tubes Confined by Filament Winding." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11072900.

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In this study, an experiment on compressive strength of the hybrid concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tube (CFFT) confined by filament winding was conducted to improve the longitudinal strength while considering the thickness of filament winding as a variable. A maximum error of 17% was observed when the results of performing the finite element analysis (FEA) by applying the mechanical properties of the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials suggested in previous studies were compared to those of the compressive strength experiment on the hybrid-CFFT. Moreover, a maximum error of 15% was exhibited when the results derived from the strength equation proposed by analyzing the compressive strength experiment were compared. Furthermore, the compressive strength of the hybrid-CFFT increased by up to 14% when the longitudinal compressive strength of the pre-tensioned spun high strength concrete (PHC) pile and concrete-filled tube (CFT) were compared.

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Han, Bing, Qian Wang, and Yuan Feng Wang. "Creep Modeling for Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Members Compressed with a Large Eccentricity." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 1343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.1343.

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Based on concrete creep calculation model B3 and mechanical characteristics of concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) beam-column members of large eccentricity, a creep calculation model of CFT beam-column members of large eccentricity is constructed, which accords with mechanisms of concrete creep, and creep characteristics of concrete core of CFT beam-column members of large eccentricity have been taken into account. The model is verified against previous creep experiments for CFT beam-column specimens, by changing model B3 for ACI209, CEB90, GL2000 model, elastic continuation and plastic flow theory. The results show that introduction of model B3 to predicting creep of CFT beam-column members with a large eccentricity is necessary. Using the model, a study is then carried out on the effects of practical design parameters, such as concrete mix (e.g. water to cement ratio ( ), aggregate to cement ratio ( )), steel ratio and eccentricity ratio, on creep of CFT beam-column members with a large eccentricity.

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Wang, Ying, Zhi Quan Liu, and Ming Zhang. "Prediction of Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Structure Using Artificial Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1095–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1095.

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Artificial neural network (ANN) is applied to predict load-strain relationship of concrete filled steel tube (CFT) structural parts. An ANN prediction model, which is able to predict load-strain relationship of CFT structural parts with different dimensions and parameters, is made through training the ANN prediction model with the experimental test data. Furthermore, the prediction data and experimental test data are compared. The result shows that the combination of several characteristic parameters of CFT structural parts and ANN prediction model to predict load-strain relationship of CFT structural parts are reliable and feasible. The ANN prediction model has simple, convenience and time-saving merits.

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Moon, Jiho, Dawn E. Lehman, Charles W. Roeder, and Hak-Eun Lee. "Evaluation of embedded concrete-filled tube (CFT) column-to-foundation connections." Engineering Structures 56 (November 2013): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.04.011.

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Ma, Jun, Yang Liu, Qingfei Gao, and Kang Hou. "Investigating the Hysteretic Behavior of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Arch by Using a Fiber Beam Element." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/409530.

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A fiber beam finite element that could account for the nonlinear constitutive relationship between steel and concrete was applied to investigate the hysteretic behavior of concrete filled steel tube (CFT) arch ribs of bridges. At first, the effectiveness of this fiber beam element using for nonlinear analysis was verified by comparing the analytical results with the experimental data, and then this composite element was applied to analyze the hysteretic performance of CFT arch ribs. The following hysteretic behavior of CFT arch ribs of bridges was investigated such as the hysteretic behaviors of moment-curvature of arch ribs in vertical direction of bridge and the hysteretic relationship between load and displacement of arch ribs in longitudinal and transverse direction of bridge. Finally, some parameters affecting the hysteretic behaviors of CFT arch ribs were presented by evaluating the capacity of ductility of CFT arch ribs.

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Xiamuxi, Alifujiang, and Akira Hasegawa. "Experimental Study on Reinforcement Ratio of RCFT Columns under Axial Compression." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3790.

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It is clear from the former researches on reinforced concrete filled tubular steel (RCFT) structures that RCFT structures have better performance than concrete filled tubular steel (CFT) structures, in other words, because of the existence of reinforcement, the performance of RCFT differed from that of CFT. Therefore, to clarify the effect of axial reinforcement on mechanical properties of RCFT, compression tests of RCFT columns with different ratio of axial reinforcement were carried out, meanwhile, corresponding tests of CFT, reinforced concrete (RC), pure concrete, and steel tube columns were done to compare with RCFT. By a series of comparison and analysis, effect of axial reinforcement on RCFT columns were discussed, and following conclusions were drawn: reinforcement ratio has direct effect on performance of RCFT. Over arranged reinforcement will cause pre-failure of concrete without exerting strength of reinforcement, and not only may cause brittle-failure or lower performance of the structure, but also cause the increase of construction cost. On the contrary, proper ratio of reinforcement can make the RCFT possess better confined effect, improve overall performance of the RCFT structure; furthermore, whatever the ratio of reinforcement, RCFT has better performance than both CFT and RC, especially possesses more brittle-failure resistance than CFT.

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Gao, Hua Guo, Hang Cheng, and Xiao Feng Cui. "Calculation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Square Concrete Filled Tube Columns Based on Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.713.

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Steel tube and filled concrete of square CFT columns under axial load are in complicated stress condition, the influence of every kind of factors on mechanics performance is difficult to ascertain accurately. On the other hand, neural network is good at obtaining the relationship between input and output variables by self-studying, self-organizing, self-adapting and nonlinear mapping. Therefore, it is suitable that use neural network to calculating the bearing capacity of square CFT columns. In this paper a three-layer back-propagation model of network is trained according to experimental data of square CFT columns under axial load, a neural network model for axial loaded square CFT columns is set up. The model is verified by six groups of experimental data, the results show the predicted values are in good agreement with test values, precision in calculation is good enough to be used as an auxiliary method for structure design.

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Wang, Hai Jun, Hua Bei Zhu, and Hua Wei. "Bearing Capacity of Concrete Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns Based on Neural Network." Advanced Materials Research 502 (April 2012): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.502.193.

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Steel tube and filled concrete of square CFT (concrete filled steel tubular structures) columns under eccentric load are in complicated stress condition, the influence of every kind of factors on mechanics performance is difficult to ascertain accurately. On the other hand, neural network is good at obtaining the relationship between input and output variables by self-studying, self-organizing, self-adapting and nonlinear mapping. Therefore, it is suitable that use neural network to calculating the bearing capacity of square CFT columns. In this paper a four-layer back-propagation model of network is trained according to experimental data of square CFT columns under eccentric load, a neural network model for eccentrically loaded square CFT columns is set up. The model is verified by six groups of experimental data, the results show the predicted values are in good agreement with test values, precision in calculation is good enough to be used as an auxiliary method for structure design.

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Pan, Jianrong, Peng Wang, Yanjun Zheng, Zhan Wang, and Deming Liu. "An Analytical Study of Square CFT Columns in Bracing Connection Subjected to Axial Loading." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (November 25, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8618937.

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This paper presents the behavior of square concrete-filled tubular (CFT) columns with different penetrating gusset plates under axial load. Load transfer mechanism in the CFT columns including load distribution between gusset plate and core concrete and composite action of the gusset plate and steel tube was investigated. Experimental results showed that the axial load can be transferred from the bottom edge, ribs, and the hole of the gusset plate to core concrete through the bearing mechanism. Adding ribs or a hole on the gusset plate can efficiently facilitate load transmission and improve the composite action. Numerical models were established to determine the distribution of axial forces among members in the square CFT column. Then, revised coefficients of elastic modulus for the square CFT column with the gusset plate were proposed.

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Fan, Te Wei. "Analysis of the Mechanical Behavior of Short Tube Columns Filled with Concrete by Different Contact Surface Conditions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2933.

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Concrete-filled steel tubular(CFT) columns are often used as the main supporting columns for high-rise buildings and has become a topic of academic concern. The past research about CFT most focused on its ultimate strength and mechanical behavior. The experiment method which is usually expensive and time-consuming. Other research methods include combining experimental data with appropriate theory to design or calculate the structural properties, and these methods tend to have a conservative assessment of the results. Therefore, some researches have been developing finite element model to simulate and analyze the ultimate strength and buckling condition of CFT and its component behavior. In this paper, finite element analysis is used to explore the mechanical behavior of CFT during exerting axial compression load. Contact pair settings and friction coefficient settings were compared with different pattern to investigate the accuracy of simulation and the mechanical behavior of CFT columns. Study found that the ultimate strength for CFT columns obtained by finite element analysis can achieve good accuracy, and in the mean time the mechanical behavior simulation of CFT columns with proper finite element settings could be achieved.

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Amini, Alireza B., and Saman M. Palangsaraee. "Effect of Rebar on Ductility of Moment-resisting Frame with Concrete-filled Tube Column." Open Civil Engineering Journal 13, no. 1 (November 5, 2019): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501913010172.

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Background: Today, many developed countries use the Concrete-Filled Steel tube columns (CFT) to construct high-rise building and bridge piers. Objective: This paper investigates the effect of rebar inside the concrete core of CFT columns. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the structural performance of three two-span frames is evaluated with ABAQUS software. The frames vary based on the presence or absence of rebar within the concrete core, so that the first model has no rebar, the second model has less rebar, and the third model has more rebar inside the concrete core. Results and Conclusion: The observations from the hysteresis curves obtained from the analyses suggest the more ductile behavior, greater stiffness, and higher energy dissipation potential in the third model relative to the other two models, so that the third model has about 24% more energy absorption capacity than the case without the rebar.

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Azar, A. Seyfi, and T. Moradi Shaghaghi. "Seismic behavior of conxl connections in concrete filled steel Tube Columns (CFT)." Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (February 3, 2017): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i1.15.

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31

Huang, Wenjin, Zhichao Lai, Baochun Chen, Zhitao Xie, and Amit H. Varma. "Concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) truss girders: Experimental tests, analysis, and design." Engineering Structures 156 (February 2018): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.026.

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32

Yamaguchi, Ikuo, Hiroki Ueda, Terutaki Imamura, and Tadashiko Suzuki. "State-of-the-art and Construction for Concrete Filled Steel Tube (CFT) Structures." Concrete Journal 37, no. 4 (1999): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj1975.37.4_25.

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33

Kawano, Akihiko, Qiyun Qiao, Shintaro Matsuo, and Toshihiko Ninakawa. "A Study on Connections of Concrete Filled Steel Tubes by Using Built-in Steel Bars." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1704–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1704.

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From 2006, authors started a series of experimental and analytical studies to establish a design method for a new connection system of concrete filled steel tube (CFT) by using built-in reinforcing steel bars (CFTR). Among the series, a pullout test of the built-in steel bars from the CFTRs has been early performed, which is orientated as a fundamental study for the connections of CFTR [1]. In the pullout test study, it is clarified that the influence of tube shapes (square and circular), the stress transfer capacities of bond by steel bars, ring bands in steel tubes and anchor plates of steel bars. The new connection system of CFTR may apply to an exposed-type CFT column base, where the built-in high strength steel bars contribute to transfer the axial force, bending moment and shear force from a CFT column to the foundation [2, 3]. The column base strength is much increased by the built-in steel bars. In other words, the built-in steel bars make the base plate and anchor bolts compact without any strength reduction in the column base. A stable elastic-plastic behavior is observed in the CFTR column base, and an evaluation method of the ultimate strengths is proposed for that. A further improved CFTR column base is the base without any base plate (non-base-plate CFTR column base), so that all of the stresses can be transferred through the built-in high strength steel bars [4]. A stable hysteretic behavior is observed in the column base, and the evaluation method of the ultimate strength is also proposed. It is noteworthy that the non-base-plate CFTR column base is applicable to the super high strength steel, because the base system does not require any full penetration welding, which sometimes causes brittle fracture in super high strength steel.

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Kim, Jin-Seon, Ju-Seong Jung, Dong-Keun Jung, Eui-Yong Kim, and Kang-Seok Lee. "Seismic Strengthening Effects of Full-Size Reinforced Concrete Frame Retrofitted with Novel Concrete-Filled Tube Modular Frame by Pseudo-Dynamic Testing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 4898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11114898.

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The present study proposes a new seismic retrofitting method using a concrete-filled tube modular frame (CFT-MF) system, a novel technique to overcome and improve the limitations of existing seismic strengthening methods. This CFT-MF seismic retrofitting method makes the most of the advantages of both concrete and steel pipes, thereby significantly improving constructability and increasing integration between the existing structure and the reinforcement joints. This method falls into the category of typical seismic retrofitting methods that focus on increasing strength, in which the required amount of seismic reinforcement can be easily estimated. Therefore, the method provides an easy solution to improving the strength of existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures with non-seismic details that are prone to shear failure. In the present study, a full-size two-story test frame modeled from existing domestic RC structures with non-seismic details was subjected to pseudo-dynamic testing. As a result, the effect of the CFT-MF system, when applied to existing RC structures, was examined and verified, especially as to its seismic retrofitting performance, i.e., restoring force characteristics, stiffness reinforcement, and seismic response control. In addition, based on the pseudo-dynamic testing results, a restoring force characteristics model was proposed to implement non-linear dynamic analysis of a structure retrofitted with the CFT-MF system (i.e., the test frame). Finally, based on the proposed restoring force characteristics, non-linear dynamic analysis was conducted, and the results were compared with those obtained by the pseudo-dynamic tests. The results showed that the RC frame (building) with no retrofitting measures applied underwent shear failure at a seismic intensity of 200 cm/s2, the threshold applied in seismic design in Korea. In contrast, in the frame (building) retrofitted with the CFT-MF system, only minor earthquake damage was observed, and even when the maximum seismic intensity (300 cm/s2) that may occur in Korean was applied, small-scale damage was observed. These results confirmed the validity of the seismic retrofitting method based on the CFT-MF system developed in the present study. The non-linear dynamic analysis and the pseudo-dynamic test showed similar results, with an average deviation of 10% or less in seismic response load and displacement.

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Huo, Jing Si, and Hui Qu. "Finite Element Modeling of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Column after Exposure to Fire." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 775–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.775.

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A computational model, in which the effects of high temperature on steel and concrete’s properties and the composite action and interfacial properties between steel tube and concrete core were considered, was developed using ABAQUS program. Based on a damage model of concrete at ambient condition and tested stress versus strain curves of fire-damaged concrete, a new damage model of concrete after exposure to high temperatures was developed to consider the influence of high temperatures on the damage of concrete. By introducing the damage model of fire-damaged concrete, the reasonable equivalent stress-strain relations of confined concrete and a modified steel tube-concrete interface model into the ABAQUS FE model, the mechanical behaviors of the fire-damaged CFT columns and connections were simulated precisely and verified by some relative test results.

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Choi, In Rak, Kyung Soo Chung, Jin Ho Kim, and Geon Ho Hong. "Structural Performance of High-Strength Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Steel Columns using Different Strength Steels." Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction 24, no. 6 (December 27, 2012): 711–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7781/kjoss.2012.24.6.711.

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37

Gao, Hua Guo. "Calculation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Square Concrete Filled Tube Columns Based on Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 847–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.847.

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Concrete filled steel tubes of square columns under axial load are in complicated stress, the influence of every factor on mechanics performance is difficult to ascertain accurately. Neural network performs well obtaining the relationship between input and output variables by self-studying, self-organizing, self-adapting and nonlinear mapping. In this paper a three-layer back-propagation model of network is successfully trained and set up according to experimental data of square CFT columns under load. Ten groups of experimental data were verified by the model, the results show the predicted values are in accord with test values, precision in calculation is good enough for structure design. So the neural network model can be used as an auxiliary method to calculate the capacity of square concrete filled tube columns in the project. With the increase of experimental data, the neural network precision of prediction will be improved in the future.

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38

Zhang, Jian Wei, Wan Lin Cao, Hong Ying Dong, and Gang Li. "Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Mid-Rise Composite Shear Walls with CFT Columns and Embedded Steel Plate." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2274.

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The shear wall with concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns and steel plate is a new kind of composite shear wall. In order to know its seismic performance and failure mechanism, six 1/5 scale specimens with the same shear span ratio 1.5, including 3 steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) with CFT columns and 3 reinforced concrete shear walls (RCSWs) with CFT columns and embedded steel plate, were tested under cyclic loading. The thickness of the steel plates in the shear walls changed from 2mm, 4mm to 6mm. Based on the experiment, the load-carrying capacity, hysteresis characteristics, ductility, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation and damage characteristics of the specimens were analyzed. Especially, the ratio of height to sectional thickness of the steel plates in the shear wall was considered. The result shows that both the SPSW with CFT columns and the RCSW with CFT columns and embedded steel plate have good seismic performance and are with important practical engineering value.

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39

Huang, Wenjin, Zhichao Lai, Baochun Chen, and Pengyu Yao. "Experimental behavior and analysis of prestressed concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) truss girders." Engineering Structures 152 (December 2017): 607–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.09.035.

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40

Guan, Minsheng, Zhichao Lai, Qian Xiao, Hongbiao Du, and Kun Zhang. "Bond behavior of concrete-filled steel tube columns using manufactured sand (MS-CFT)." Engineering Structures 187 (May 2019): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.02.054.

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41

Lazovic Radovanovic, Marija M., Jelena Z. Nikolic, Janko R. Radovanovic, and Svetlana M. Kostic. "Structural Behaviour of Axially Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns during the Top-Down Construction Method." Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 8, 2022): 3771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083771.

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The paper discusses the structural behaviour of concrete-filled steel tube columns (CFT) when applied to the top-down construction method as temporary internal supports for ceilings. Their ultimate capacity to take into account the actual boundary conditions of the column is essential for successful application in construction. The paper presents the full-scale in situ testing of four slender specimens with variable D/t ratios under concentric axial loading. The CFT columns were supported on the previously jacked concrete piles. In addition, detailed finite element numerical models in ABAQUS and PLAXIS computer programs were developed. The models include the nonlinear behaviour of materials and the nonlinear behaviour of soil. The soil–pile–column interaction and impact of the CFT column–pile connection stiffness on global column stability were considered. The numerical model was validated by comparison with the experimental results. In conclusion, the coefficient for the effective buckling length of the studied columns is proposed. Finally, the experimental results of the critical buckling forces were compared with widely used international design codes Eurocode 4-EC4, American standard-ACI and the Australian standard-AS.

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42

Linwang, Su, Yingtao Wang, Jian Cai, and Yueling Long. "Restoring Force Model of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns with Binding Bars." Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (April 19, 2016): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010179.

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This paper presents a trilinear restoring force model based on the test results of two square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns without binding bars and eight square CFT stub columns with binding bars subjected to constant axial load and cyclic lateral load. The effects of binding bars and axial load level on the specimens are considered to determine the feature points of the skeleton curves. Calculation formulas for the characteristic parameters of the model, including the yield load, the peak load and the ultimate load, are given by analyzing the influence of the confinement factor of steel tube, the confinement coefficient of binding bars and the axial load level. Additionally, the hysteretic rule under cyclic lateral load is confirmed. The predicted hysteretic cures and skeleton curves based on the proposed model are in good agreement with the experimental results.

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43

Ebrahimi, Samira, Seyed Mehdi Zahrai, and Seyed Rasoul Mirghaderi. "Cyclic Performance Evaluation of Hollow Structural Section (HSS) and Concrete-Filled Tube (CFT) Braces." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 19, no. 11 (October 23, 2019): 1950140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455419501402.

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Hollow structural sections (HSS) are widely used as braces because they have inherent axial, flexural, and torsional capacities. Delaying or preventing local buckling is accomplished by concrete infill in HSS braces to improve their cyclic response heavily relying upon three key parameters: (1) presence of concrete infill, (2) width (diameter)-to-thickness ratio, and (3) length-to-width (diameter) ratio impress the cyclic response of HSS braces. Nevertheless, it is not clear that based on which parameter, concrete infill can significantly enhance the peak compressive strength and energy dissipation capacity of HSS braces. This paper aims to investigate this concern while presenting a numerical study on the cyclic response of 120 HSS and Concrete-Filled Tubes (CFT) braces with various geometric characteristics. Square and circular cross-sections, 10, 12, 13.33, 20, 30, 33.33, and 50 width (diameter)-to-thickness ratios and 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 37.5, 45, 50, 75, and 112.5 length-to-width (diameter) ratios are selected for the numerical investigation. Obtained results indicated that concrete infill can increase peak compressive and post-buckling strengths and energy dissipation capacity of HSS braces around 81%, 43%, and 73%, respectively. It was found that concrete infill and parameters of width (diameter)-to-thickness ratio and length-to-width (diameter) ratio influence the cyclic response of HSS braces differently. On the other hand, concrete infill noticeably enhances the peak compressive strength of HSS braces with larger values of width (diameter)-to-thickness ratio and energy dissipation capacity of such braces with lower values of length-to-width (diameter) ratio.

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Qiguang, Chen, Cai Jian, Zuo ZhiLiang, Huang Jinxuan, and Wei Jieying. "Study on Cross-shaped Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Stub Columns Subjected to Axial Compression: Experiments and Design Method." Open Civil Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501711010001.

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Despite its wide application prospect, researches on the cross-shaped concrete filled steel tubular (CFT) columns are scarce, and no design method can be used. This paper concerns with the axial load behavior of cross-shaped CFT stub columns. Five specimens were tested to examine the influences of three parameters on the characteristics of failure, the bearing capacity and deformability. The parameters include the width-thickness ratios of steel plates, the yield strengths of steel and the sectional dimensions. Experimental results demonstrate that the global outward bulge of steel tube near the concave corners is significant, so that the stresses on the steel tube distribute unevenly and the confinement effects on the concrete are inferior to the rectangular CFT columns. By decreasing the width-thickness ratio of each steel plate, the global outward bulge near the concave corners was smaller, but the ductility could be improved only when it decreased by 2.08 times. By increasing the yield strength of steel to 1.47 times, the bearing capacity and deformation were inversely smaller, but the ductility was increased. By increasing the length-width ratio of each leg to 2.25 times, the global outward bulge was increased and local buckling occurred earlier. Then the application scopes for evaluating the maximum strength of specimens by the methods in design codes are provided. A new method is also proposed by considering the confinement effects of concrete and the strength loss of steel tube. The results predicted by the proposed method show good agreement with the experimental ones.

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Li, Lei, and Shan Suo Zheng. "Modeling of the CFT Column under Cyclic Load Based on OpenSEES." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 761–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.761.

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This paper investigates modeling approaches of circular concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) column under cyclic load based on flexibility and fiber model. The effects of model parameters on modeling results is discussed, including constitutive relationship of materials, division of the fiber section, and the number of integration points. The results show that the material constitutive relationships of concrete and steel are prime important to the accuracy of the computational results. Three to five integration points for one CFT column in the flexibility-based analysis can achieve the desired accuracy and computational efficiency. The computational result is not sensitive to the number of sectional fibers. However, the desired accuracy can not be obtained if the number of the sectional fiber is not enough.

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Jung, Hyung-Suk, Baek-Il Bae, Hyun-Ki Choi, Joo-Hong Chung, Chang-Sik Choi, and Yun-Cheul Choi. "Experimental and Numerical Study on the Compression Behavior of Square Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Stub Columns with Steel Fiber-Reinforced High-Strength Concrete." International Journal of Polymer Science 2018 (June 11, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2385725.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns made from high-performance construction materials. KBC2016, South Korea’s current building code, limits the maximum compressive strength of concrete at 70 MPa and the maximum yield strength of steel at 650 MPa. Similar restrictions to material properties are imposed on major composite structural design parameters in other countries worldwide. With the recent acceleration of the pace of development in the field of material technology, the compressive strength of commercial concrete has been greatly improved and the problem of low tensile strength, known to be the major limitation of concrete, is being successfully addressed by adding fiber reinforcement to concrete. Therefore, the focus of this study was to experimentally determine the strength and ductility enhancement effects, which depend on material composition. To this end, we performed concentric axial loading tests on CFT stub columns made from steel with a yield strength of 800 MPa and steel fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete. By measuring the strain at the yield point of CFT steel during the test, we could determine whether steel yields earlier than ultimate failure load of the member, which is a key design concept of composite structures. The analysis results revealed that the yield point of steel preceded that of concrete on the stress-strain curve by the concurrent action of the strain increase at the maximum strength, attributable to the high compressive strength and steel fiber reinforcement, and the strain increase induced by the confining stress of the steel tube. Additionally, we performed parametric study using ABAQUS to establish the broad applications of CFT using high-performance materials, with the width-to-thickness ratio as the main parameter. Parametric study was undertaken as experimental investigation was not feasible, and we reviewed the criteria for limiting the width-to-thickness ratio as specified in the current building code.

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Kim, U. Seok, Sang Seup Kim, Sung Bae Kim, and Young Han Choi. "Structural Performance Evaluation of CFT Columns with Built-up Square-shaped Steel Tubes using Production Methods." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.6.39.

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This study obtained compression test results and macro examination results for concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns with built-up square-shaped steel tubes to evaluate both the structural performance and the possibility of using the current CFT design for changes in production methods. The CFT columns have three variables, namely, welding details, welding types, and steel bar types, of which welding details are the main variable. The compression test results were compared with the nominal compressive strength, Pn, based on the material test results and complete joint penetration (CJP). The test results indicated that the ratio of the experimental maximum load to the theoretical calculation result was between 1.04 and 1.12 (1.08 on average). This means that it is possible to use the current CFT design in the current Building Structure Standards (KBC 2016, KDS 41 31 00). The macro examination results indicated that the quality of welding will be improved owing to the minimization of defects during welding if the groove angle is improved to 50°.

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48

Chang, Xu, Xulin Luo, Changxing Zhu, and Chunan Tang. "Analysis of circular concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) support in high ground stress conditions." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 43 (July 2014): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2014.04.002.

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49

Choi, Young-Hwan, Douglas A. Foutch, and James M. LaFave. "New approach to AISC – interaction curve for square concrete filled tube (CFT) beam–columns." Engineering Structures 28, no. 11 (September 2006): 1586–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.02.009.

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50

Atmaji, Agustina Dwi, Budi Suswanto, and Endah Wahyuni. "CONNECTION MODEL OF CONCRETE FILLED STEEL TUBE (CFT) COLUMN TO STEEL BEAM UNDER CYCLIC." Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 1 (May 2, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j20861206.v34i1.5178.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Concrete-filled tube (CFT)'

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