Academic literature on the topic 'Concrete masonry'

The behaviour of concrete masonry under in-plane compression combined with out-of-plane bending was examined both experimentally and analytically. Ungrouted and grouted masonry, both fully bedded or face-shell bedded, were included in the study. It was found that the masonry under the above stated loading conditions may suffer loss of capacity either due to splitting or shear type of material failure, or by instability. Different loading conditions yield different failure mechanisms, which in turn correspond to different apparent strengths. Theoretical developments are presented leading to estimates of capacity for each of these cases. An extensive experimental program involving 104 masonry prism specimens, was conducted to assist and to verify these analyses. Theoretical developments include those directed to explain splitting failure phenomena, to investigate the mortar joint effect, the deformation compatibility of grouted masonry, and to examine the slenderness of tall masonry wall. Experimental measurements and observations made on the specimens include capacity, deformation and failure pattern.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Civil Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate

This research was a step forward to developing data sets for thin layer mortared concrete masonry through systematic experimental and numerical studies. Since thin layer mortared concrete masonry is relatively new type of masonry construction, methodical research studies have been undertaken to properly address the gaps in understanding of this masonry system. As part of the ARC Linkage research project, this thesis has been developed to extend the knowledge on thin layer mortared concrete masonry.

Thesis (M.S. in in civil engineering)--Washington State University, December 2009.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 26, 2010). "Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering." Includes bibliographical references (p. 42).

Over 90% of the land area of Turkey lies over one of the most active seismic zones in the world. Hazardous earthquakes frequently occur and cause heavy damage to the economy of the country as well as human lives. Unfortunately, the majority of buildings in Turkey do not have enough seismic resistance capacity. The most commonly observed problems are faulty system configuration, insufficient lateral stiffness, improper detailing, poor material quality and mistakes during construction. Strengthening of R/C framed structures by using cast-in-place R/C infills leads to a huge construction work and is time consuming. On the other hand, using prefabricated panel infills can be preferred as a more feasible, rapid and easy technique during which the structure can remain operational. The aim of this experimental study is to observe the seismic behavior of R/C frames strengthened by precast concrete panel infills by testing different types of panel and connection designs in eight single-story single-bay reinforced concrete frame specimens.

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-101).<br>Advances in structural design and building materials have significantly increased the performance of many structures under the extreme loading conditions associated with natural disasters such as earthquakes. However, catastrophic structural failure after extreme wind events and tornadoes remains a problem which costs the insurance industry billions of dollars and results in an average loss of 200 lives per year in the United States. Accountable for many of these structural failures, buildings with walls of Unreinforced Masonry (URM) are incapable of withstanding the magnitude of forces brought on by a tornado, and the cracking or failure of just one wall can lead to the progressive collapse of the entire structure. The need to reinforce these systems is large, but retrofitting with conventional steel reinforcement is time consuming and costly; however, externally bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites represent a high strength, low cost alternative which and can be installed in a fraction of the time. This thesis investigates the use of FRPs to strengthen URM walls against both out-of-plane flexural loads and debris impact, and attempts to determine if enough strength can be added for such wall assemblies to meet the requirements of a Tornado Safe Room as dictated by FEMA. By adapting current design guidelines and extrapolating evidence on the performance of URM walls strengthened with FRP, a design guide is created which provides the tool necessary to use this innovative retrofitting technique to strengthen URM walls to satisfy both the flexural and impact resistance strength requirements for FEMA Tornado Safe Rooms.<br>by Evan G. Dorshorst.<br>M.Eng.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed Feb. 4, 2010). Additional advisors: James S. Davidson, Robert J. Dinan, Alan E. Eberhardt, Jason T. Kirby, Talat Salama, Houssam A. Toutanji. Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-146).

Located on one of the highly active seismic fault systems in the world, the building stock in Turkey is mainly composed of reinforced concrete frames with 4-5 stories. Due to design and construction deficiencies resulting from the use of unqualified personnel and insufficient supervision, many of these buildings lack lateral stiffness, ductility and strength. For many structures, there is a need to alleviate these deficiencies by means of some rehabilitation techniques prior to earthquakes. One approach also used very widely in Turkey is to fill some of the frame bays by cast-in-place R/C panels. The procedure appears to be very practical at first glance. It also appears to be very economical as far as the production of the panels is concerned. However, the production phase is slow, dirty, destructive and disruptive to occupants. Moreover, it requires relatively skilled personnel and special equipment. Therefore, the real life experience shows that the actual cost in practice is much higher when all other hidden costs are taken into account. The aim of this experimental study is to explore the potential of using infill walls made of custom shaped and high strength concrete blocks as a simpler and more practical alternative to cast-in-place R/C panels to increase the lateral load bearing capacity of frame structures. The effectiveness of FRCM (Fiber Reinforced Cementitous Matrix) system on damaged structures is also investigated in this study.