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Rose, Paul Stuart. "Simulation of steel/concrete composite structures in fire." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2995/.
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A finite element code has been developed at the University of Sheffield to simulate the structural response of steel and composite framed buildings subjected to fire. The steel skeleton is represented using two-noded line elements, the steel-to-steel connections using spring elements and the flooring system by isotropic flat shell elements. Structures are therefore considered as a complete entity, allowing a more realistic prediction of structural behaviour at elevated temperature. A series of numerical simulations of fire tests carried out on the full-scale, eight-storey composite frame at the BRE laboratory at Cardington in 1995 and 1996 have been conducted. These tests have been subject to a number of significant parametric studies including slab thickness and secondary beam connection strength and stiffness. The concrete floor slab element has also been extended to a layered flat shell element allowing the inclusion of material non-linearities, thermal bowing, thermal degradation, anisotropic properties and a more advanced cracking model. Using the new concrete floor slab element the Cardington fire tests have been simulated in detail, to further understanding of the structural reaction in fire. Another series of parametric studies have been conducted considering again the thickness of the floor slab, the effect of the slab temperature gradient, the compressive strength, tensile strength and load ratios. These have all been compared to results from the Cardington fire tests. Current design methods based on isolated element design are considered by comparing the results of analyses in which the concrete floor is either included as a continuous slab in an extensive subframe, or is treated simply as forming the flanges of composite beams in a three-dimensional skeleton. These examples show clearly the effects of membrane and bridging actions of the continuous floor slab. The implications for future design developments are discussed with particular reference to the parametric studies conducted.
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Qureshi, Jawed Qureshi. "Finite element modelling of steel-concrete composite structures." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21112/.
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The main objective of this research is to contribute to the knowledge and understanding of the behaviour of the headed stud shear connector in composite beams with trapezoidal profiled metal decking laid perpendicular to the axis of the beam through experimental and numerical studies. Push tests are used to study the behaviour of composite beams. A three-dimensional finite element model of the push test is developed using the general purpose finite element program ABAQUS and the push test is analysed using different concrete material models, and analysis procedures. The Concrete Damaged Plasticity model with dynamic explicit analysis procedure is found to have matched with experimental results very well in terms of the shear connector resistance, load-slip behaviour and failure mechanisms. The post-failure behaviour of the push test, which has not been modelled in the past, is accurately predicted in this study with the help of this modelling technique. The experimental investigation is conducted with a single-sided horizontal push test arrangement to study the influence of various parameters such as normal load, number of shear studs, reinforcement bar at the bottom trough, number of layers of mesh, position of mesh, position of normalload and various push test arrangements. To assess the accuracy and reliability of the developed finite element model, it is validated against push test experiments conducted in this study and variety of push tests carried out by other authors with different steel decks and shear stud dimensions, positions of the shear stud within a rib and push test arrangements. The results obtained from the finite element analysis showed excellent agreement with the experimental studies. The validated finite element model is used in a parametric study to investigate the effect of shear stud position, thickness of the profiled sheeting, shear connector spacing and staggering of shear studs on the performance of the shear stud. The results of the parametric study are evaluated and findings are used to propose the design equations for shear connector resistance taking into account the position of the shear stud and thickness of the profiled sheeting. The coefficient of correlation between experimental and predicted results is nearly equal to one, which indicates that the predicted results are accurate, and the proposed equations are suitable for future predictions.
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El-, Shihy A. M. "Unwelded shear connectors in composite steel and concrete structures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374861.
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Elagroudy, Hossam Aly. "BOND CHARACTERISTICS OF MICRO-COMPOSITE MULTI-STRUCTURAL FORMABLE STEEL USED IN REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES." NCSU, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07252003-213630/.
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The bond performance of a unique type of reinforcing steel rebars, claimed to have high corrosion resistance as well as high tensile strength, with concrete was studied. The objective was to investigate the bond behavior of straight rebars made out of this steel, named MMFX, embedded in concrete flexural members and to examine the applicability of the current expressions for bond force to predict the bond capacity of the MMFX bars embedded in concrete. Two phases of experimental investigation was conducted. In the first phase, four beam end specimens were tested and in the second phase eight splice beams were studied. The bond behavior of the MMFX steel bars was found to be similar to that of carbon steel. The bond strength of the MMFX is significantly reduced as the tensile stresses developed in the bar went beyond the proportional limit. Both the ACI code 318-02 equation for bond force and the current equation proposed by the ACI committee 408 for bond force gave conservative prediction for bond force for low stress levels. However, at high stress levels, the prediction of the two equations went to the unconservative side. The non linear behavior of the MMFX stress-strain curve was the reason behind the unconservative prediction. The above two equations were modified to ensure conservative prediction at high stress levels. A second degree best fitting curve was found to be the best to describe the relationship between the splice length and the bond force capacity for both # 6 and # 8 MMFX bars.
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Beshir, Moustafa. "Robustness of composite framed structures in fire." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/robustness-of-composite-framed-structures-in-fire(9c72a722-5b6a-477b-ac84-cd243ab73f34).html.
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This thesis presents the results of a research study to investigate the behaviour of axially restrained composite beams at ambient and elevated temperatures, and how composite beams and their connections contribute to the robustness of composite framed structures in fire. The commercial finite element analysis package (ABAQUS, 2010) was used to develop the numerical simulation models. This research includes the following four main parts: (1) validation of the simulation model; (2) behaviour of axially restrained composite beams with partial shear interaction at ambient and elevated temperatures; (3) behaviour of composite beams with realistic connections at elevated temperatures and methods of increasing composite beam survival temperatures; and (4) response and robustness of composite frame structures with different extents of damage at elevated temperatures. Based on the results of composite beams, it was found that the survival of axially restrained beams is dominated by the development of catenary action. By utilising catenary action, it is possible for composite beams to develop load carrying capacity significantly above that based on bending resistance. During the development of catenary action, the compression force in the concrete flange of the composite beam decreases, thus reducing the forces in the shear connectors. As a result, the behaviour of shear connector failures ceases to be an issue during the catenary action stage. The results further show that, the load carrying capacities/survival temperatures of composite beams increase by increasing the level of axial restraint up to a certain limit and then decrease at higher levels. Typical realistic composite structures can provide composite beams with sufficient axial restraint to develop catenary action. For detailed composite beams with composite connections, three different beam sizes were investigated using flushed and extended end plate connections with different amounts of slab reinforcement, different load ratios and different bolt sizes. It has been found that the most important method to increase the survival time of composite beams is to use extended end plate connections with sufficient top and bottom reinforcement meshes in the concrete slab, i.e. increasing the amount of slab reinforcement is more beneficial than increasing the bolt size or the number of bolts. Based on the results of modelling a four bay (9 m each, two storey, 4 m high) composite frame with different extents of fire damage to different members, it was found that whenever any of the columns failed, progressive collapse of the frame would occur. Therefore, damages to columns should be prevented or the columns should be designed and constructed to allow for possible damage. If the beams are damaged, it is still possible for the damaged frame to achieve the reference fire resistance time of the undamaged structure (which is used as the criterion to accept that the damaged frame has sufficient robustness) by developing catenary action in the damaged beam. For this to happen, the columns should be designed to resist the catenary tensile force (tying force) in the beams, in addition to the compressive force.
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Ho, Sunny Leung Ming. "Repair of degraded concrete structures with composites : columns and slabs with reduced steel area /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202002%20HO.
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Nezamian, Abolghasem 1968. "Bond strength of concrete plugs embedded in tubular steel piles." Monash University, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5601.
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Fabrizzi, Marcela de Arruda. "Contribuição para o projeto e dimensionamento de edifícios de múltiplos andares com elementos estruturais mistos aço-concreto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-28082007-111757/.
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Este trabalho objetivou o estudo dos edifícios de múltiplos andares constituídos por elementos mistos aço-concreto, com enfoque acadêmico, porém abordando aspectos e recomendações normativas diretamente aplicadas na prática corrente da engenharia estrutural. A revisão bibliográfica foi realizada com base em estudos acadêmicos e normativos além do estudo de um edifício exemplo constituído por elementos mistos. Os elementos mistos lajes, vigas e pilares foram abordados inicialmente de forma isolada, com base nas recomendações normativas, sendo que ao final os elementos foram interligados, apresentando ao leitor os principais aspectos teóricos e normativos para o dimensionamento de um edifício completo constituído de elementos estruturais mistos.<br>This study aims the multiple storey buildings formed by composite elements steel-concrete, with academic emphasis, however approaching standard recommendations and aspects directly applied to the structural engineering. A bibliographic review based on academic and standard studies was made, besides the design of an example building formed by composite elements. The composite elements: slabs, beams and columns were firstly approached based on standard aspects, and in the end, the elements were interconnected and presented to the reader the main theoretical and standard aspects to the design of a complete building formed by composite structural elements.
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Alghrir, Yassin [Verfasser]. "New Concept for a Non-Welding Connection in Steel Structures and Steel-Concrete Composite Structures to Accommodate Large Building Tolerances Using Grout / Yassin Alghrir." Düren : Shaker, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210389797/34.
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Vicedo, Yann. "Applications of steel-plate composite structures for nuclear modular construction." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302440.
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Despite being the world’s second most important low-carbon source of electricity, the development of nuclear capacities is limited and does not comply with the International Energy Agency’s Sustainable Development Scenario. One of the main reasons for this lack of development is high and increasing costs of new nuclear capacities. In fact, capital costs can account for more than 80% of the Levelized Cost of Energy of a new nuclear power plant. Design accounts for about 10% and construction accounts for about 20% of the total capital cost. The importance of design and construction in nuclear power plants’ costs is partly due to limitations of traditional construction methods regarding both technical possibilities and realization schedules. Modular construction methods are proposed to reduce new nuclear power plants’ construction costs, and in particular steel-plate composite structures modular construction. Steel-plate composite structures consist of a structural interaction between thin steel plates and precast concrete. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the capacity of modular construction, using steel-plate composite panels, to fulfil nuclear safety and functional requirements; as well as to identify potential related gains and opportunities. Advantages and constraints of steel-plate composite modules were identified in scientific literature and intergovernmental opportunity studies, and were related to the specificities of nuclear structures’ design and construction. Steel-plate composite structures modular construction is based on the manufacturing of steel concrete composite modules outside of the civil works site. The higher productivity of workshops and the possible task parallelization may lead to significant construction schedules shortening and capital costs reduction. In addition, steel-plate composite modules offer new technical possibilities which may help solving some constructability issues. However, steel-plate composite structures modular construction requires a reconsideration of the traditional design and construction methods, as they imply new challenges and constraints. In particular, the modularization issue should be addressed as soon as possible in the design, and the module manufacturing capacities should be quickly identified or created in order to deliver properly manufactured modules on-time. Considering the advantages and constraints of steel-plate composite structures modular construction, it appears that steel-plate composite modules may fit advantageously most of the nuclear design requirements. However, due to the lack of feedback, it is proposed that the usage of steel-plate composite modules be limited to critical concrete structures of the containment building. In particular, it appears that the containment dome and the reactor pit construction may benefit from steel-plate composite structures construction methods.<br>Trots att kärnkraften är världens näst viktigaste koldioxidsnåla elkälla är utvecklingen av kärnkraftskapaciteten begränsad och överensstämmer inte med Internationella energiorganets scenario för hållbar utveckling. En av de viktigaste orsakerna till denna långsamma utveckling är de höga och ökande kostnaderna för ny kärnkraftskapacitet. Kapitalkostnaderna kan faktiskt utgöra mer än 80 % av den energikostnaden för ett nytt kärnkraftverk. Konstruktionen står för cirka 10 % och byggandet för cirka 20 % av den totala kapitalkostnaden. Att projektering och byggande har så stor betydelse för kärnkraftverkens kostnader beror delvis på begränsningar i de traditionella byggmetoderna när det gäller både tekniska möjligheter och tidsplaner för genomförandet. För att minska byggkostnaderna för nya kärnkraftverk föreslås byggmetoder som bygger på moduler, ”modulära byggmetoder”, särskilt sådana byggmetoder för stålplåtskompositkonstruktioner. Stålplåtskompositkonstruktionen består av en tunn plåt som samverkar med förtillverkad betong. Syftet med denna avhandling var att utvärdera möjligheterna för modulära konstruktioner med stålplåtskompositpaneler att uppfylla kraven på kärnkraftssäkerhet och funktionalitet samt att identifiera potentiella vinster och förbättringar i samband med detta. Fördelar och begränsningar med stålplåtskompositmoduler identifierades i vetenskaplig litteratur och i mellanstatliga studier om möjligheter och relaterades till de särskilda egenskaperna hos kärnkraftstekniska konstruktioners utformning och konstruktion. Modulär konstruktion av stålplåtskompositkonstruktioner bygger på tillverkning av stålbetongkompositmoduler utanför byggarbetsplatsen. Den högre produktiviteten i verkstäderna och den möjliga parallelliseringen av arbetsuppgifter kan leda till en betydande förkortning av produktionstiderna och en minskning av kapitalkostnaderna. Dessutom erbjuder stålplåtskompositmoduler nya tekniska möjligheter som kan bidra till att lösa vissa byggbarhetsproblem. Modulbyggandet av stålplåtskompositkonstruktioner kräver dock en omprövning av de traditionella konstruktions- och byggmetoderna, eftersom de innebär nya utmaningar och begränsningar. I synnerhet bör modulariseringsfrågan tas upp så snart som möjligt i byggprocessen, och modultillverkningskapaciteten bör snabbt identifieras eller skapas för att kunna leverera korrekt tillverkade moduler i tid. Med tanke på fördelarna och begränsningarna med modulbyggandet av stålplåtskompositkonstruktioner verkar det som om stålplåtskompositmoduler med fördel kan uppfylla de flesta av kraven för kärnkraftsteknisk konstruktion. På grund av bristen på feedback föreslås dock att användningen av stålplåtskompositmoduler begränsas till kritiska betongkonstruktioner i inneslutningsbyggnaden. I synnerhet verkar det som om konstruktionen av inneslutningskupolen och reaktorstödstrukturen kan dra nytta av konstruktionsmetoderna för stålplåtskompositkonstruktioner
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Kotinda, Tatianne Iamin. "Modelagem numérica de vigas mistas aço-concreto simplesmente apoiadas: ênfase ao estudo da interface laje-viga." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-22062006-110301/.
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Largamente utilizadas nas obras de engenharia civil, as vigas mistas aço-concreto surgem como conseqüência natural da utilização de vigas de aço sob lajes de concreto, proporcionando um melhor aproveitamento das características de cada material constituinte. Para que se comporte como um elemento misto, é necessário haver um trabalho conjunto entre laje e viga, razão pela qual são utilizados elementos metálicos denominados conectores de cisalhamento, que visam restringir o escorregamento longitudinal e o descolamento vertical na interface. Tendo em vista os aspectos mencionados, são apresentados neste trabalho modelos numéricos tridimensionais de vigas mistas com vistas a simular o seu comportamento estrutural, principalmente no referente à interface entre viga de aço e laje de concreto. Os modelos são constituídos por vigas mistas simplesmente apoiadas com laje de faces planas e conectores de cisalhamento do tipo pino com cabeça. As simulações foram realizadas por meio do código de cálculo ANSYS versão 8.0, que tem como base o método dos elementos finitos. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com valores experimentais, extraídos de trabalhos apresentados por outros pesquisadores<br>Widely used in civil engineering frameworks, steel-concrete composite beams appear as consequence of the use of steel beams with concrete slab, providing better management of each constituent material properties. To act as a composite element, it is necessary that the slab and the beam work together, aspect obtained by using metallic elements called shear connectors, that restrict the longitudinal slipping and the uplifting between steel beam and concrete slab. In this sense, this work presents three-dimensional numerical models of steel-concrete composite beams in order to simulate its structural behavior with emphasis, in particular, at the interface between steel beam and concrete slab. The numerical models are constituted of simply supported composite beams with plain faces slab and stud bolt shear connectors. The simulations had been carried out by means of the code ANSYS version 8.0, based on finite elements method. The results had been compared with experimental values, extracted of works presented by others researchers
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Brahmachari, Koushik, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Agriculture Faculty, and School of Construction and Building Sciences. "Connection and flexural behaviour of steel RHS filled with high strength concrete." THESIS_FTA_CBS_BRAHMACHARI_K.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/526.
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Steel hollow section members filled with concrete have been frequently used in recent construction industry as columns and beams and beam-columns because of their superior performance and constructability. Previous research demonstrated that such system has large energy absorption capacity which is critical in the event of an earthquake. By filling steel RHS with concrete, the failure of the steel shell due to local buckling can be delayed and the ductility of the concrete core can be improved as a result of the confinement of the steel shell. This type of composite section may be used in various structures including frames of high rise buildings, bridges, offshore structures, cast-in-situ piles in foundation etc. Design methods for concrete-filled steel tubular sections are recommended in a number of code of practices. Due to the significant differences in the material properties between normal strength concrete and high strength concrete, there is a need to study the behaviour of composite sections with higher strength concretes. The study emphasises ultimate strength, ductility, post-failure strength reserve and interface bond. It also emphasises ductility and post-failure strength of the composite beams due to the brittle behaviour of higher strength concretes when compared to normal strength concrete. Spreadsheet graph were used to present the results such as load versus strains, load versus deflections etc. In this thesis analytical study is presented on the calculation of ultimate moment of resistance of the concrete-filled RHS beams. Among the main considerations of the derivation, the steel portion was assumed either elastic-perfectly plastic or perfectly plastic and concrete carries no strength in the tensile zone. At the interface both full bond and partial bond were assumed for comparison. Efforts were also made to calculate the midspan deflections of the composite beams. Simple analytical expressions derived from this study can be coded to a prgrammable calculator or in a small spreadsheet program for design use. Finite element studies were carried out by using a proprietorship software package ANSYS. In the analysis of concrete-filled, three types of elements with large deformation and nonlinear capabilities were used. A plastic shell element, a solid concrete element with cracking and crushing capabilities, and a nonlinear spring contact element were used to model the steel shell, the concrete core and the interface respectively.<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Figueiredo, Luciana Maria Bonvino. "Projeto e construção de pilares mistos aço-concreto." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-21122017-111731/.
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Um pilar misto aço-concreto consiste basicamente de um elemento de aço, simples ou composto, predominantemente comprimido, que trabalhe em conjunto com o concreto simples ou armado. Há basicamente dois tipos de pilar misto: os revestidos e os preenchidos. Os revestidos são formados por um perfil de aço embutido em uma seção de concreto, garantindo a proteção ao fogo (havendo necessidade de armaduras). Os pilares preenchidos são tubos de aço, circulares ou retangulares, preenchidos com concreto, dispensando qualquer tipo de armadura e a necessidade do uso de formas; porém para proteger do fogo e da corrosão exige-se um tratamento \"extra\" do tubo de aço. A norma brasileira NBR 8800/86 - \"Projeto e execução de estruturas de aço de edifícios\" quanto as estruturas mistas se dedica apenas àquelas submetidas à flexão simples (vigas mistas), não abordando as estruturas basicamente comprimidas (pilares mistos). Já as normas LRFD-AISC/86 - \"Load and resistance factor design\", Eurocode 4, BS 5400 apresentam considerações específicas sobre o dimensionamento de barras axialmente comprimidas e flexo-comprimidas, tratando tanto dos elementos revestidos quanto dos preenchidos. Do ponto de vista estrutural, são analisadas e discutidas as prescrições das principais normas estrangeiras aplicáveis. Quanto aos aspectos construtivos, apresentam-se técnicas de execução e de acabamento, dando especial atenção a questão da resistência ao fogo.<br>A composite column may be defined as a member made of a structural steel section, basicaly under compression, working with simple or reinforced concrete. There are basically two kinds of steel-concrete composite columns: structural steel section encased in concrete which has fire protection and it is necessary to use reinforcement and tubes filled with concrete which it is not necessary to use reinforcement and formwork but it require an extra protection to fire. Steel Brazilian code NBR 8800/86 - \"Projeto e execução de estruturas de aço de edifícios\" give specifications only for steel-concrete member under bending (composite beams). This code neglegence composite members under compression (composite columns). LRFD-AISC/86 - \"Load and resistance factor design\", Eurocode 4, BS 5400 give specifications about steel-concrete composite columns under compression and bending combined to concrete encased composite columns and steel tubes filled with concret. Codes requirements, constructional aspects and fire behaviour of composite columns are presented and discussed.
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Kirchhof, Larissa Degliuomini. "Uma contribuição ao estudo de vigas mistas aço-concreto simplesmente apoiadas em temperatura ambiente e em situação de incêndio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-18082006-150938/.
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A utilização do elemento estrutural viga mista aço-concreto, que consiste da associação de vigas de aço (perfil do tipo I) com lajes de concreto (maciça ou com forma de aço incorporada), têm sido considerável nas obras de engenharia civil, tanto no contexto mundial como no Brasil. Parte da eficiência desse elemento estrutural está diretamente relacionada ao trabalho em conjunto de ambos os materiais, ou seja, do tipo de interação entre aço e concreto. Para um comportamento estrutural adequado das vigas mistas, essa interação é garantida por meio de elementos metálicos denominados conectores de cisalhamento, cujas principais funções consistem em transferir forças de cisalhamento longitudinais do concreto para o aço na interface entre laje e viga, bem como impedir a separação vertical entre laje de concreto e perfil metálico, movimento conhecido como uplift. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal uma pesquisa com base em referências bibliográficas sobre o assunto vigas mistas, bem como é proposta a elaboração de um modelo numérico tridimensional para viga mista, objetivando simular satisfatoriamente seu comportamento estrutural, em temperatura ambiente e em situação de incêndio, cujos resultados serão comparados com valores, obtidos numérica e experimentalmente, extraídos de trabalhos apresentados por outros pesquisadores. Para a modelagem numérica, utilizou-se o código de cálculo ABAQUS 6.3-1, elaborado com base nos métodos dos elementos finitos (MEF)<br>Composite steel-concrete beam have been commonly considered in steel-framed building used in civil engineering, not only in Brazil but also in the worldwide context. The efficiency of this structural element is directly related with the type of interaction between steel beam and concrete slab, which is assured using metallic elements called shear connectors, with the objective to transfer longitudinal shear forces from concrete slab to steel beam, in the interface, and avoid the vertical separation between concrete slab and steel beam (uplift). In this sense, the aim of the present work is to carry out a bibliographical review about composite steel-concrete beam, as well as propose a three dimensional non-linear procedure for modeling only full shear connection in composite beam. The three-dimensional numerical models constructed must be capable of predicting de response of composite beam, in ambient temperature an also in elevated temperatures (fire conditions). The computer program ABAQUS 6.3-1, based on finite element method, was used to analyze the numerical modeling. The accuracy of the three-dimensional numerical models are demonstrated by analyses of the results obtained with the models which are compared with the experimental results, obtained and presented by others researches
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Romagnoli, Lucas Coscia. "Análise de vigas mistas de aço e concreto semicontínuas em situação de incêndio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-21092018-135055/.
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Na Dissertação de Mestrado foi realizado um estudo sobre o comportamento de vigas mistas de aço e concreto biapoiadas sob iteração completa, compostas por perfis classificados como compactos em situação de incêndio. Apesar de ditas biapoiadas, a ideia principal da Dissertação é considerar, na análise em situação de incêndio, a reserva de capacidade existente nas extremidades dessas vigas, usualmente desprezada no dimensionamento à temperatura ambiente, provinda da continuidade da armadura longitudinal negativa presente na laje de concreto, sendo possível dispensar o revestimento contra fogo nesses elementos. Serão abordados, de início, os métodos de dimensionamento ao Estado-Limite Último de vigas mistas à temperatura ambiente, a fim de explicar o comportamento estrutural desse tipo de elemento, dando base para a posterior análise térmica. A análise térmica foi realizada, em uma primeira etapa, por métodos simplificados segundo normas vigentes e tomando hipóteses simplificadoras em que se desprezam esforços indiretos provocados pela dilatação térmica e gradiente térmico, sendo possível aplicar os conceitos no dia a dia de projeto. Numa segunda etapa foi realizada análise termestrutural com modelos numéricos para estudar o comportamento e colapso da viga, sendo os resultados suficientes para validar os valores de TRF encontrados por análise simplificada seguindo métodos normativos. Como conclusão, o ganho de capacidade estrutural da viga, proporcionado pela adoção da ligação mista no apoio, foi suficiente para situações de TRRFs entre 15 min e 21 min, no caso de perfis mais leves, com geometria própria para serem utilizados como vigas de piso de edifícios. Análises mostraram que não é possível justificar a ausência de revestimento contra incêndio para TRRFs de 30 min ou superiores. Tempos inferiores podem ser adotados de acordo com o denominado método do tempo equivalente, limitado a 15 min e são mais usuais para edificações de pequeno porte.<br>A study will be carried out on the behavior of simply supported, full interaction composite steel and concrete beams composed by compact profiles in fire situation. Despite being designed as simply supported, the main idea is to consider, in the fire situation analysis, the moment resistance capacity reserve on the beam supports, usually neglected during room temperature design, due to the upper longitudinal reinforcement present in the concrete slab, being possible to dispense fireproof coating in these elements. First, room temperature design procedures of composite beams will be approached in order to explain the structural behavior of this type of elements, providing a basis for subsequent thermal analysis. The thermal analysis will be carried out, in a first stage, by simplified methods according to design procedures and adopting simplifying hypotheses in which indirect stresses caused by thermal expansion and thermal gradient are neglected, being possible to apply those concepts in structural design offices. In a second step, thermal stress analyses were performed with aid of numerical models to study the structural behavior and collapse time of the beam. The results were sufficient to validate the fire resistance time values found by the simplified analysis following design methods. As a conclusion, the structural capacity increase of the beam, provided by the adoption of the composite connection at the support in case of lighter steel profiles usually chosen to be used as buildings floor beams, was sufficient for situations of standard fire resistance requirements between 15 min and 21 min. Analyzes have shown that it is not possible to justify the absence of fire resistant coating for standard fire resistance requirements of 30 min or higher. Lower times can be adopted according to the so-called equivalent time method, limited to 15 min, which are more common for small buildings.
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Havíř, František. "Ocelová konstrukce multifunkční budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227784.
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The aim of this master's thesis is to design the steel construction of a multifunctional building in the cadastral area of Brno-Bohunice. Multifunctional building consists of two identical buildings - A and B. Floor plan dimensions are 40.0 x 40.0 meters and height of 33,8 meters. Both objects have the 1st floor of the overall height of 5,0 m, each additional floors 3,5 m. The plan shape of the building is a square 40 x 40 m with bevel in the corners with a length of 8 m. In the middle of the building is roofed atrium 8 x 8 m. The buildings are in the 5th floor connected with the enclosed footbridge with a length of 10.0 meters. The main structure consists of two buildings columns and girders. Columns are alternatively solved as the composite steel and concrete structures with closed section filled with concrete or concreted steel profile. The girders are made of castellated beams. Among the girders are embedded solid panel joists and girders, coupled with the composite steel and concrete slab. Spatial rigidity besides the composite slabs provide rods placed around the atrium and in the corners of the building. The main structure of the footbridge consists of two inclined arched beams on which is placed stringer of the footbridge.
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Tamayo, Jorge Luis Palomino. "Análise numérica de vigas mistas pelo método dos elementos finitos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30117.
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O emprego das vigas mistas na atualidade é uma das opções atrativas para a construção de pontes e das lajes dos andares de prédios. A obtenção das melhores características individuais em resistência e rigidez dos materiais envolvidos é aproveitada neste tipo de estruturas. O presente trabalho visa à formulação de um modelo matemático e sua implementação numérica através de um código computacional capaz de representar com confiabilidade este tipo de estruturas para cargas de curta duração. Assim é utilizada a teoria de plasticidade associada com um algoritmo de retorno explícito para o concreto e o aço estrutural, sendo inserido estes procedimentos dentro de um processo incremental iterativo baseado num critério de convergência de forças ou deslocamentos. Para a modelagem da laje de concreto é desenvolvido o elemento finito quadrilátero de casca degenerada de oito nós, que considera as tensões de corte fora do plano, usando a teoria de Reissner-Mindlin. O fenômeno de travamento por cortante, característico neste tipo de elemento finito, é solucionado usando uma regra de integração reduzida e uma modificação do fator de forma aplicado às tensões de corte. Para a modelagem da viga de aço foi implementado um elemento de casca poliédrica produto do acoplamento das rigidezes do elemento de placa delgada e de membrana proposto por Batoz & Tahar (1982) e Ibrahimbegovic et al. (1990), respectivamente. Os conectores de corte são modelados mediante elementos de barra tridimensional viga-coluna que unem os planos médios da laje de concreto e mesa superior da viga de aço nas posições reais dos conectores de corte de acordo com os relatórios experimentais para os exemplos estudados. A compatibilidade nas rotações e deslocamentos axiais no conector é conseguida mediante a inclusão de valores muito grandes nas rigidezes correspondentes. O trabalho em conjunto dos três elementos desenvolvidos, laje de concreto, viga de aço e conectores, possibilita a abordagem de qualquer estrutura complexa do tipo viga mista. A validação do modelo numérico proposto é demonstrada através dos exemplos de aplicação testados.<br>Currently, composite sections are one of the more attractive options to be used for bridge and building floors construction. The reason is that the best individual characteristics in strength and stiffness of the involved materials are obtained for these structures. Formulation of a mathematical model and its numerical implementation for a reliable simulation of these structures for short time analysis is the main objective of the present work. An associated theory of plasticity and an explicit return algorithm for concrete and steel materials are used, being these procedures part of the well known incremental iterative procedure based on criteria of unbalanced forces or displacements. The quadrilateral degenerated shell element of eight nodes, which considers out of plane shear stresses in accordance with Reissner-Mindlin theory was developed to modeling the concrete slab. The shear locking phenomena for these elements was avoided with a reduced integration rule and by using a modified shape factor for shear stresses. For modeling the steel beam, a plane shell element, which is originated by the assemble of the plate element and membrane element proposed by Batoz & Tahar (1982) and Ibrahimbegovic et al. (1990) was formulated. The shear stud connectors were modeled trough a three-dimensional bar element, which joint the middle plane of the concrete slab and the middle plane of the top steel flange of the steel beam representing the actual positions of the connectors, according to the experimental works for the examples studied here. These three elements, working simultaneously allow to model any complex structure of composite section. The validation of the numerical model is demonstrated with the aid of several examples.
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Serafim, Jorge Augusto. "Pilares mistos de aço e concreto parcialmente revestidos: comportamento isolado, inserção em galpões industriais e comparativos com pilares de sistemas estruturais usuais." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4691.
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Previous issue date: 2013-05-16<br>Despite the great use in most developed countries, the composite structures have been little exploited in Brazil, including rare records the use of composite columns of steel and concrete partially coated in industrial sheds. The low-use leaves the impression of this being a structural solution viable. The aim of this work is to insert the composite columns of steel and concrete partially coated alternatively to the pillars of steel and precast, solutions commonly used in the composition of the structural system of industrial sheds. The development work was done to study the behavior of the isolated element and sizing criteria applicable, analysis of the structural design of systems where it can be employed and the phases of project highlighting, still, some steps involved in constructive phase of the industrial sheds. We analyzed the elements of 108 sheds with variation in the span between 20 to 50 m and height of 8 to 12 m. the porticos were designed considering coverage using steel beams with profile type I and type I section steel pillars, pillars of precast concrete with rectangular section, composite columns of steel and concrete partially coated consisting of metallic profile type I with filling of concrete between the tables. The porticoes were analyzed in 2nd order and scaled according to the specific Brazilian standards by comparing the results obtained between structural systems. Costs despite the difficulties have been raised for the central region of the State of São Paulo, where, after the composition were made comparisons between the solutions. The results obtained can realize that the use of composite columns of steel and concrete partially coated are perfectly viable with visa point economic values quite surprising, for the fact of being a solution less maid. The use of composite columns of steel and concrete partially coated is obviously viable as an alternative to the usual structural systems used in industrial sheds, comes in to advance contribution of Civil construction in General.<br>Apesar da grande utilização em países mais desenvolvidos, as estruturas mistas têm sido pouco exploradas no Brasil, inclusive com raros registros da utilização de pilar parcialmente revestido em galpões industriais. A pouca utilização deixa a impressão de esta não ser uma solução estrutural viável. O objetivo deste trabalho é inserir o pilar misto parcialmente revestido como alternativa aos pilares de aço e pré-moldados de concreto, soluções comumente empregados na composição do sistema estrutural de galpões industriais. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi feito o estudo do comportamento do elemento isolado e dos critérios de dimensionamento aplicáveis, a análise da concepção estrutural dos sistemas onde possa ser empregado e das fases de projeto destacando, ainda, algumas etapas envolvidas na fase construtiva dos galpões. Foram analisados os elementos de 108 pórticos de galpão com variação do vão de 20 a 50 m e da altura de 8 a 12 m. Os pórticos foram projetados considerando cobertura utilizando-se vigas metálicas com perfil tipo I e, pilares metálicos de seção tipo I, pilares de concreto pré fabricado de seção retangular e, pilar misto parcialmente revestido constituído de perfil metálico tipo I com preenchimento de concreto entre as mesas. Os pórticos foram analisados em 2ª ordem e dimensionados de acordo com as normas brasileiras especificas comparando os resultados obtidos entre sistemas estruturais. Os custos apesar das dificuldades foram levantados para a região central do estado de São Paulo, onde, após a composição foram feitas as comparações entre as soluções. Pelos resultados obtidos pode-se perceber que a utilização dos pilares mistos de aço e concreto são perfeitamente viáveis com valores do ponto de visto econômico bastante surpreendentes pelo fato de ser uma solução pouco empregada. A utilização de pilares mistos de aço e concreto parcialmente revestidos é evidentemente viável como alternativa aos sistemas estruturais usuais utilizados em galpões industriais, vem contribuir em muito para o avanço da Construção Civil em geral.
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Friedrich, Juliana Teodoro. "Análise teórico-experimental de pisos mistos de pequena altura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-08112012-105927/.
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O piso misto usual é formado pela laje mista, de aço e concreto, apoiada na mesa superior da viga metálica. No piso misto de pequena altura, a laje mista se apoia na mesa inferior da viga, diminuindo assim a altura total do piso. A forma de aço, utilizada nesse sistema, tende a ser três vezes mais alta, que as formas de aço usuais. No Brasil não há uma forma de aço para uso nos sistemas mistos de pequena altura, comercializada. Este estudo trata do desenvolvimento de uma forma de aço trapezoidal para pisos mistos de pequena altura. Foi desenvolvida uma geometria de forma de aço trapezoidal com mossas estampadas nas laterais. Foram realizados ensaios experimentais com modelos de lajes mistas, confeccionados com a forma de aço desenvolvida no presente estudo. Esses ensaios visaram avaliar a resistência e o comportamento de lajes mistas fabricadas com a forma desenvolvida. A geometria da forma de aço e das mossas apresentaram um bom comportamento frente aos esforços cisalhantes, com resistências comparáveis as formas de aço comercializadas, mostrando que podem ser utilizadas em trabalhos futuros.<br>The usual composite floor is formed by the composite slab, of steel and concrete, supported on the top flange of the steel beam. On the shallow floor systems, the steel beams are contained within the depth occupied by the floor. The steel form steel used in this composite shallow floor systems is around three times higher than usual forms of steel decking. In Brazil there is not a form of steel for use in shallow floor systems, marketed. This study concerns the development of a steel decking to shallow floor systems. Developed a geometry shape of trapezoidal steel and embossements on the sides. Experimental tests were conducted with composite slabs, made of steel the shape developed in this study. These tests were intended to assess the strength and behavior of composite slabs made with the developed form. The geometry of the steel form and embossements showed good behavior against shearing efforts, forms with resistances comparable steel deckings marketed, showing that may be used in future work.
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Santos, Rodrigo Tadeu dos. "Modelos numéricos de pilares mistos curtos de seções circulares de aço preenchidos com concreto em situação de incêndio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-15062009-092043/.
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Os pilares mistos de aço preenchidos com concreto, quando submetidos a elevadas temperaturas, apresentam comportamento estrutural bastante satisfatório e reduzem no concreto o fenômeno denominado spalling, devido ao confinamento imposto pelo tubo de aço, mais pronunciado em seções tubulares circulares. Destaca-se ainda a reduzida taxa de aquecimento desse mesmo elemento misto em razão da baixa condutividade térmica do concreto, aspecto de grande interesse para fins de dimensionamento. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo modelar numericamente, em campo tridimensional, pilares mistos curtos com seções tubulares circulares de aço, preenchidos com concreto e submetidos ao incêndio-padrão prescrito pela ISO 834:1999. A modelagem se faz com vistas a simular o comportamento estrutural desse elemento em situação de incêndio, buscando avaliar a influência da elevação de temperatura na resistência do elemento e indicar para qual tempo e em que níveis de temperatura o acréscimo de resistência devido ao efeito do confinamento deixa de ser pronunciado. Para a modelagem numérica em campos térmico, estrutural e termo-estrutural, se utiliza o pacote comercial ANSYS ® V9.0, elaborado com base no método dos elementos finitos, o qual permite a análise transiente dos efeitos do gradiente térmico nos elementos estruturais. Os resultados das análises térmica, estrutural e acoplada são previamente comparados com valores obtidos com o código computacional TCD 5.5. A análise acoplada foi realizada para três diâmetros de pilares mistos, e as variações do diâmetro e da resistência à compressão do concreto foram consideradas, possibilitando uma análise paramétrica. Por fim, é apresentada uma análise inversa dos modelos, considerando carregamentos crescentes para campos de temperatura fixos.<br>Concrete-filled steel columns when subjected to high temperatures present satisfactory structural behavior and the reduction of the spalling phenomenon in the concrete due to confinement action of the steel tube, more notable in circular cross sections. Another advantage is the reduced heating rate of this element due to concrete low thermal conductivity, which is an interesting characteristic in designing procedures. The aim of this work is to develop 3D numerical models of circular concrete-filled steel short columns under fire exposure according to the ISO-834:1999 standard. The numerical models are developed to simulate the structural behavior of those composite short columns under fire condition, in order to evaluate the influence of increasing temperature in the strength of the structural element. This makes possible define the time and the temperature level in which the resistant increment due to the confinement effect is no more appreciable. To perform the numerical model of thermal, structural and thermal-structural fields, a commercial finite element analysis package ANSYS ® V9.0 is used, which allows transient analysis of the thermal gradient effects in the structural elements. The results from thermal, structural and coupled analyses are previously compared with the ones obtained with TCD 5.5 package. The coupled analysis is performed for three different columns, changing the diameter and concrete compression strength to be used in a parametric analysis. Finally, it is shown another analysis type, called reverse analysis, which considers increasing structural loads for fixed temperature fields.
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Heidarpour, Amin Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Behaviour of steel and steel-concrete composite beams and beam-to-column connetions at elevated temperatures." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40555.
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The current research work investigates the behaviour of steel and composite beams as well as beam-to-column connections at elevated temperatures. Significant attention is needed to identify the main issues. as the behaviour is profoundly different from that at ambient temperature. Local buckling of the beam flange outstands has been found to be highly significant in accelerating the development of catenary action in fire, since this action is reliant on hinges forming which may result from local buckling. Local buckling of the beam web, which experiences a non-uniform temperature variation, is also important because the mechanical properties of the steel are degraded non-uniformly from their ambient values. Current formulations for web buckling at ambient temperature therefore need substantial revision at elevated temperatures. Very large compressive forces are developed within the beams initially and these induce large stresses in the column web; hitherto this has not been considered. Developing a formulation representing the mechanics of this potential failure zone in the column web in the compression region of the connection is a useful and needed addition to research in the topic. Predicting the critical temperature in a connection that causes failure of the bolts, end plate and column flange in the tension zone of the connection is considered in this research work. An elastic analysis of a panel zone in a rigid or semi-rigid joint in a steel frame, which is based on simple equilibrium considerations that takes into account the shear and flexural deformations of the panel zone, is developed at elevated temperatures. In order to model the structural response of a composite beam restrained by cooler members in a steel compartment fire in a frame structure at elevated temperature, recourse is needed to a geometric nonlinear formulation, since the beam transverse deflections are not negligible and the axial eompressive force in the member is also substantial at the early stages of the fire. This thesis presents such a formulation, which incorporates partial interaction between the concrete slab and steel component, as well as the degradation of the stiffnesses of the components of the composite beam prior to yield at elevated temperature.
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Meaud, Charlotte. "Analyse multi-échelle des connexions par collage : application aux éléments structuraux multimatériaux fléchis." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977408.
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Ce travail de recherche est axé sur la compréhension du comportement en flexion, statique et instantané, des structures multimatériaux acier-béton collées du génie civil. La première étape consiste à mener une analyse expérimentale et numérique par éléments finis non linéaire sur la caractérisation de la connexion. L'essai Push-Out a été retenu : deux dallettes de béton C25/30 sont connectées à un profilé métallique. Nous faisons varier la géométrie des dallettes et du joint de colle. La ruine est cohésive dans le béton proche de l'interface par cisaillement. Un effet favorable du frottement entre dallette et presse peut se développer et induire le développement de contraintes de compression et augmenter la contrainte de cisaillement moyenne à l'interface. Les dimensions des éprouvettes et du joint de colle influent sur la charge de ruine. Ainsi, l'essai Push-Out est, dans l'état actuel de connaissances, difficile à utiliser pour la caractérisation de la connexion collée acier-béton en vue du dimensionnement de structures. La seconde partie est consacrée à l'analyse du comportement de poutres mixtes acier béton collées. Un essai sur poutre constituée de prédalles et d'une dalle de compression confirme que le collage est une alternative aux connexions traditionnelles. Nous développons aussi un modèle de calcul en variables généralisées et en variables locales en 3D non linéaire. La modélisation par éléments finis apporte plus de précisions, notamment sur l'état de contraintes à proximité de l'interface et à l'approche de la ruine. Les dimensions du joint de colle et la plastification du profilé influent sur la zone de rupture dans le béton.
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Lopez, Paul. "In-Situ Structural Evaluation of a Steel-Concrete Composite Floor System." Scholarly Repository, 2007. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/92.
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The application of steel joists to floor construction can be traced back more than 100 years to the use of a sheet steel joist in the State of New York Bank Building in 1855. Since that time various forms of joists have been developed and exploited. As a result, two general types of joists are now on the market: a) Solid web joists; b) Open web, or truss type, steel joists. In order to determine the strength, stiffness, and behavior of these structural sections under load, representative open web steel joists have been tested at the University of Miami, School of Nursing Building (building about to be demolished). Using two hydraulic jacks to apply the load at eight different locations along the strip, the assessment of the ultimate structural performance of the floor system to positive moments in correspondence of selected strips was possible. After analyzing the data collected from the sensors through the data acquisition system, it was concluded that the results obtained from the Finite Element model were consistent compared to the results obtained from the experimental approach, helping to understand better the behavior of this structural system. A recommendation for further study is enclosed.
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Brahmachari, Koushik. "Connection and flexural behaviour of steel RHS filled with high strength concrete /." View thesis, 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030708.160244/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury.<br>"Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Construction and Building Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, December 1997.
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Cruz, Bruno Costa da. "Avaliação númérica de ensaios push-out com conectores de cisalhamento tipo pino e perfobond." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3420.
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Recentemente a utilização de estruturas mistas, aço concreto, vem ganhando espaço nas construções. Isso deve-se principalmente a economia de tempo em sua execução. Além disto, nesta solução a utilização do aço e do concreto otimiza as características estruturais de seus elementos: a resistência a tração do aço e a compressão do concreto. A transferência dos esforços entre os dois materiais possui grande influência no desempenho de uma estrutura mista, sendo comum a utilização de conectores de cisalhamento na região da interface entre estes dois materiais. O Eurocode 4 define um ensaio experimental denominado push-out de modo a determinar a resistência e ductilidade de conectores de cisalhamento. Seu desempenho é influenciado pelas resistências do concreto a compressão, as dimensões e taxa de armadura da laje de concreto, dimensões do perfil de aço, a disposição e a geometria dos conectores e pelas características dos aços utilizados no conector, no perfil e nas barras de reforço. Nota-se com isso uma grande quantidade de variáveis que influenciam o ensaio. Assim, o presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo em elementos finitos com base no programa ANSYS para simulação de ensaios push-out. Os resultados numéricos apresentados neste trabalho foram calibrados com resultados obtidos em ensaios experimentais existentes na literatura de ensaios push-out para conectores do tipo pino com cabeça (stud) e conectores tipo perfobond. Estes últimos apresentam elevada resistência sendo influenciados por inúmeros fatores como: número e diâmetro dos furos no conector e a inclusão ou não de barras de reforço extras nestes furos.<br>A continuous increase of the use of (steel & concrete) composite structures in constructions can be recently observed. This is mainly due to its faster execution time when compared to other construction alternatives. Additionally, these solutions optimize the structural characteristics of the involved materials: the steel tension capacity and the concrete compressive strength. The transfer of forces between these different materials greatly influences the composite structure performance, where typical solutions uses shear connectors at the concrete to steel interface. The Eurocode 4 defines an experimental test, denominated push-out, to determine the shear connectors strength and associated ductility capacity. Its performance is influenced by the concrete compressive strength, slab dimensions and adopted reinforcing bar area, steel profile dimensions, shear connectors geometry and disposition and by the mechanical characteristics of the connector, profile and reinforcing bars steels. All these aspects indicate that a great number of variables can influence the test. This study presents the development of a finite element model, based on the ANSYS program, to simulate push-out tests. The numerical results presented in this investigation were calibrated against experiments reported in the literature for stud and Perfobond shear connectors. The Perfobond connectors present a substantial shear capacity being influenced by several factors like: connectors hole number and diameter and by the adoption, or not, of extra reinforcing bars passing through the connector holes.
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Ernst, Stefan. "Factors affecting the behaviour of the shear connection of steel-concrete composite beams." View thesis, 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/32633.
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Thesis (Ph.D) -- University of Western Sydney, 2006.<br>A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Engineering, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographical references.
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Chaves, Igor Avelar. "Viga mista de aço e concreto constituída por perfil formado a frio preenchido." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/19614.
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Previous issue date: 2009-01-20<br>Fundação para o Incremento da Pesquisa e do Aperfeiçoamento Industrial<br>As vigas mistas de aço e concreto têm sido amplamente empregadas em edifícios e pontes, havendo ampla investigação teórica e experimental a respeito da utilização de perfis laminados e soldados e conectores de cisalhamento compatíveis com esses perfis, como por exemplo, o conector tipo pino com cabeça (stud bolt) e perfil U laminado. No âmbito dos perfis formados a frio, a utilização do sistema misto ainda ́e incipiente, necessitando de investigações mais aprofundadas a respeito do comportamento estrutural e a adequação dos modelos de cálculo adotados para vigas mistas em perfis laminados e soldados. No Brasil, a ampla disponibilidade de aços planos tem impulsionado o emprego do sistema misto constituído por perfis formados a frio em
edifícios de pequeno porte, porém, mediante concepções clássicas, o que não conduz a um aproveitamento mais racional do sistema. Neste trabalho foi investigado um sistema não-convencional de vigas mistas em perfil cartola leve preenchido com concreto, cuja conexão com a laje foi feita mediante duas soluções: conectores do tipo alça em barra chata soldados ao perfil e conectores do tipo alça em barra redonda soldados ao perfil. Foi feita avaliação do comportamento estrutural da conexão aço-concreto, via ensaios de cisalhamento direto (push-out tests), e ensaios em vigas mistas simplesmente apoiadas para avaliação da região de momento fletor positivo. Os conectores de cisalhamento apresentaram ductilidade e resistência compatíveis com as vigas mistas analisadas, e as respostas de rigidez e resistência à flexão para uma condição de interação completa comprovam que a hipótese de plastificação total da seção descreve com precisão o comportamento estrutural do sistema proposto.<br>The composite steel and concrete beams have been largely applied in buildings and bridges constructions, having also a large amount of theoretical and experimental investigations about the use of hot-rolled and welded shapes and shear connectors that are compatible with these members, as for an example, the stud bolt and channel connectors. In the cold-formed steel sections scope, the use of a composite steel and concrete solution is still premature, what makes necessary a higher degree of a structural behavior investigation and the adequacy of the theoretical solutions proposed, also for the composite steel and concrete hot-rolled and welded shapes. In Brazil, the high availability of steel sheets has pushed the employee of the composite system of cold-formed steel in small and mid-height buildings, however, because of classical conceptions, it doesn’t lead too a more rational use of the system. It was investigated in this work a non-conventional lightweight composite system formed by hat-shaped beams filled with concrete, witch connection with the slab was done by means of two solutions: arc-shaped connectors in flat bars welded too the section and arc-shaped connectors in round bars welded too the section. An analysis was conducted for evaluation of the structural behavior in the steel and concrete interface by push-out tests, and tests in simple two points supported beams for evaluation of the bending strength. The shear connectors showed ductility and resistance compatible with the analyzed composite beams and the stiffness and bending resistance responses for the given condition of full interaction showed that the full section plastification consideration describes with precision the structural behavior of the proposed system.
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Skoglund, Oskar. "Innovative structural details using high strength steel for steel bridges." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259949.
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The use of high strength steel has the potential to reduce the amount of steel used in bridge structures and thereby facilitate a more sustainable construction. The amount of steel and what steel grade that can be used in bridge structures and other cyclic loaded structures are often limited by a material degradation process called fatigue. The fatigue resistance of steel bridges are to a large extent depending on the design of structural details and connections. The design engineer is limited by a few pre-existing structural details and connections – with rather poor fatigue resistance – to choose from when designing steel bridges, and is therefore often forced to increase the overall dimensions of the structure in order to cope with the design requirements of fatigue. This licentiate thesis aims at increasing the fatigue resistance of fatigue prone structural details and connections by implementing new and innovative structural solutions to the already pre-existing details given in the design standards. A typical fatigue prone detail is the vertical stiffener at an intermediate cross-beam, which will be in focus. By improving the fatigue resistance, less steel material will be required for the construction of new steel bridges and composite bridges of steel and concrete. It is shown in this thesis and the appended papers that the use of high strength steel for bridge structures can considerably reduce the amount of steel used, the steel cost and the harmful emissions. However, this is only true if the fatigue strength of critical details can be substantially improved. Furthermore, a few new and innovative structural details and modifications to already existing details are proposed in this thesis and in the appended papers, that have the potential to increase the fatigue resistance of steel bridges and composite bridges of steel and concrete. However, further analyses are required in order to make these structural details viable for construction.<br>Genom användandet av höghållfast stål så kan en mindre mängd material användas som i sin tur leder till ett mer hållbart byggande. Mängden stål och vilken stålkvalité som kan användas vid byggandet av stålbroar och andra cykliskt belastade konstruktioner avgörs ofta av nedbrytningsprocessen utmattning. Utmatningskapaciteten hos stålbroar är till stor del beroende av brons anslutningsdetaljer. Brokonstruktören har vid designstadiet ett begränsat antal beprövade anslutningsdetaljer att välja bland – vilka ofta har relativt låg utmattningskapacitet – och konstruktören är därmed ofta tvungen att öka konstruktionens dimensioner för att klara av kraven gällande utmattning. Den har licentiatuppsatsen har till syfte att förbättra utmattningskapaciteten för utmattningsbenägna anslutningsdetaljer i stål genom att införa nya och innovativa anslutningsdetaljer, bland de redan existerande detaljerna som finns i de olika standarderna. En utmattningskritisk detalj som kommer att ligga i fokus är anslutningen mellan livavstyvningen och tvärförbanden hos en I-balk. Genom att förbättra utmattningskapaciteten så kan en mindre mängd stålmaterial användas vid byggandet av stålbroar och samverkansbroar i betong och stål. I denna uppsatsen kunde det påvisas att höghallfast stål for broar kan betydligt sänka mängden stålmaterial, stålkostnaden och koldioxidutsläppen. Dock så gäller detta enbart om utmattningskapaciteten for kritiska anslutningsdetaljer kan ökas avsevärt. Dessutom, som en del av den har uppsatsen så har ett par nya och innovativa anslutningsdetaljer föreslagits som har potential att forbättra utmattningskapaciteten. Dock, så krävs ytterligare studier for att dessa förslag skall kunna användas i byggnation av nya stålbroar.<br><p>QC 20190925</p>
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Lorenc, Jakub. "Obchodní galerie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409839.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the design and assessment of main load-bearing elements od the steel structure of shopping gallery in Hodonín. Part of floor plan is rectangular and rest of it is half-circled. Object's dimensions are 7é m x 147,75 m (and roof overhang 1,5 m on each side), the height of the ridge is 13,43 m and the height of the roof's dome is 22,70 m. It's a two-storey building. The load-bearing structure consist of pin-suported columns, in this case there is max. 8,5 m distance between them in direction of main frame. The distance between main frames is 9 m. The spatial rigidity of the structure is ensured with floor slabs and system of bracings. The cladding consists of sandwich panels, roof's fanlights and dome of glazed areas. Most of elements are made of S355 steel.
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Koester, Bradley Donald. "Panel zone behavior of moment connections between rectangular concrete-filled steel tubes and wide flange beams /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9983259.
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Persaud, Richard Yajuvendra. "The structural behaviour of a composite timber and concrete floor system incorporating steel decking as permanent formwork." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252081.
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Mikeš, Daniel. "Zázemí rallyového týmu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409966.
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The object of the diploma thesis is the design and the assessment of the steel structure for rally team base in Napajedla, which contains the space for the administration and the space for the service hall. The overall ground plan proportions of the structure are 30 x 26 metres. The structure for administration is the four-storey building. The ground plan proportions of this structure are 30 x 12 metres and the height is 14.5 metres. The ground floor grid of the main load-bearing structure is 6 x 6 metres. The height of the one floor of the structure is 3.5 metres. The structure of ceilings and roof is designed like composite steel and concrete structure. All joints of the steel structure for administration are designed like bolted joints. The spatial rigidity of the structure is ensured by vertical wall truss bracings and by the rigidity of composite steel and concrete structure of ceillings and roof. To the structure for the administration is connected structure for the service hall. The ground plan proportions of this structure are 30 x 14 metres and the height is 10.5 metres. The main structure of the structure for service hall is frame with the rigid joint in the corner of the frame. The axial distance of the main structures is 6 metres. All joints including the rigid joint in the corner of the frame of the steel structure for service hall are designed like bolted joints. The spatial rigidity of the structure is ensured by vertical wall truss bracings and horizontal roof truss bracings. The whole structure is designed of steel S355.
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Petr, Radovan. "Městské divadlo v Kuřimi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227681.
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The theme of the master´s theses is to design a wooden structure of city theater with internal steel construction. The concept of wooden structure is developed in two versions according to standard ČSN EN. The theses solve the static effect of the construction and design of individual parts and materials. Theater has dimensions 49.0 x 25.6 m, max. height of 12.5 meters. The construstion is devise to withstand a weight and applicability. The supporting structure of the roof is solved using by 13 arched plate girders. The second variant is designed as arched truss girders. The gable wall is glassed-in, glass envelopes support by wooden structure with columns and side runners. The work also includes solutions for joins and construction details. The structure was solved in the program RSTAB Dlubal 8. The assessment of the components was done using additional module TIMBER Pro. First Variant of plate girder was checking by manual report. The work includes drawings.
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Gläsle, Mathias. "Experimental and analytical study of an innovative ultra long-spanning hybrid steel deck." View thesis, 2006. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/45554.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2006.<br>A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Engineering, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Satioglu, Azize Ceren. "Analysis Of Mechanical Behavior Of High Performance Cement Based Composite Slabs Under Impact Loading." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610935/index.pdf.
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Studies on the behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) and slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) to impact loading have started in recent years. Using these relatively new materials, higher values of tensile and compressive strength can be obtained with greater fracture toughness and energy absorption capacity, and therefore they carry a considerable importance in the design of protective structures. In this thesis, computational analyses concerning impact loading effect on concrete, steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) and slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) are conducted by the aid of ANSYS AUTODYN 11.0.0 software. In the simulations, the importance of the concrete compressive and tensile strengths, and the fracture energy, together with the target and projectile erosion parameters, were investigated on the response of concrete target and projectile residual velocity. The obtained results of the simulation trials on concrete, SFRC and SIFCON have been compared with the experimental outcomes of three concrete, two SFRC and two SIFCON specimens in terms of deformed target crater radius, depth volume and striking projectile residual velocities.
The simulation analyses have shown that, compressive as well as tensile strengths of the concrete, SFRC and SIFCON specimens are of great importance on the crater volume while erosion parameters have a significant effect on the projectile residual velocity. Simulation outcomes possess a higher accuracy for concrete simulations when comparisons are made with available experimental results. This accuracy deteriorates for SFRC and SIFCON specimens. It was further concluded that related material tests of the specimens must be available in order to obtain higher accuracy.
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Ondruš, Petr. "Administrativní budova." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265394.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is design and check the steel construction of the office building in Valašské Meziříčí. Floor plan dimensions of building are 55,0 x 30,0 m. The length of building gradually increases with each floor. The building has eight floors. Overall height is 33,6 m. The building ceilings made of composite steel and concrete structure. The construction in both directions is stabilized by vertical bracings. The building adjoins a smaller building with shops. Floor plan dimensions of that building are 31,5 x 21,0 m and building height to the top of the truss girder including cladding is 17,5 m.
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Frank, Ivo. "Parkovací dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240015.
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The subject of this thesis is to design the main supporting structure of the parking house in the city of Olomouc. The object has 7 storeys and rectangural dimensions are 57,2m x 37,0m. The height of the structure is 19,2m. The hall is designed by cylindrical roof. Processed design option is a composite steel-concrete floor slab.
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Dolníčková, Andrea. "Výrobní hala s administrativní budovou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392092.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is design and check of two steel structures. A production hall with a floor plan dimensions 24x50 m and an administrative building with floor plan dimensions 54x30 m. Both buildings are situated in Prostějov. The structure of the production hall has a roof pitched at 12%. The main frames have 6 m centre to centre spacing. The design of the production hall is processed in two options. The administrative building has 4 floors. The floor structures are made of composite steel and concrete structure. The structure is stabilized by vertical bracings in both directions. The computational model of both structures was built up using SCIA Engineer software.
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Machado, Rafael Tamanini. "Análise da viabilidade econômica do projeto estrutural de edifícios de múltiplos andares com estrutura de aço." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-23102012-095547/.
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O presente estudo traz uma revisão bibliográfica dos sistemas estruturais, da estabilidade e análise estrutural de edifícios de múltiplos andares com estrutura de aço e, ainda, do emprego de elementos mistos aço e concreto nesses sistemas, com ênfase às vigas mistas. É aplicável a duas áreas, a saber: acadêmica e prática. Na área acadêmica, contribui com informações que permitem iniciar linhas de pesquisas para diversos assuntos. Na área prática, através de exemplos, contribui com a análise da viabilidade do processo construtivo e estrutural. E por meio de instruções mínimas, contribui para o desenvolvimento de projetos de estruturas metálicas. A referida pesquisa é embasada na ABNT NBR 8800:2008 e, quando indispensável, nas normas ANSI/AISC 360-10 e EN 1994-1-1:2004.<br>The concerned study brings a literature review of structural systems, stability and structural analysis of multistory buildings with steel structures and also the use of steel-concrete composite elements in those systems, with emphasis on composite beams. It applies to two subjects, namely: academic and practical. In academics, it contributes with informations that allows you to start several lines of research. In the practice, through examples, it contributes with the assessment of the viability of the construction and structural process. And using minimal instructions, it contributes to the development of steel structure projects. The related research is based on the ABNT NBR 8800:2008 and, when necessary, on ANSI/AISC 360-10 and EN 1994-1-1:2004.
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Barboza, Rafael Rangel. "Modelagem do comportamento dinâmico de edifícios mistos (aço-concreto) submetidos à ação do vento." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4268.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro<br>Com base em um cenário econômico favorável combinado aos avanços tecnológicos das ciências dos materiais e processos de construção, nas últimas três décadas, as cidades brasileiras têm apresentado um crescimento substancial, no que diz respeito à construção de edifícios residenciais e comerciais de múltiplos andares. Atualmente, estes edifícios apresentam níveis de esbeltez elevados e têm sido construídos com estruturas cada vez mais ousadas e que englobam a experiência e o conhecimento dos engenheiros de estruturas. Como o principal objetivo dos projetistas está associado à concepção de estruturas mais leves, o projeto estrutural requer um conhecimento teórico substancial a fim de tornar compatíveis os requisitos arquitetônicos com as condições necessárias para a estabilidade. Assim sendo, o objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é o de investigar o comportamento estrutural estático e dinâmico (linear e não linear) de um edifício misto (aço-concreto) de 20 pavimentos. Para tal, o estudo apresenta os resultados de análises estáticas e dinâmicas lineares e não lineares para ações de serviço. O comportamento estrutural do edifício, quando submetido às ações dinâmicas induzidas pelo vento, também foi investigado. Os resultados revelam que edifícios esbeltos merecem atenção especial, no que diz respeito à concepção do projeto estrutural, sendo que seu comportamento deve ser verificado através de metodologias completas que incluam análises do tipo estática e dinâmica (lineares e não lineares).<br>Based on a favorable economic scenario and technological advances of material sciences and construction processes, in the last three decades, the Brazilian cities have presented a substantial growth, with respect to construction of residential and commercial multi-storey buildings. Nowadays, these buildings present greater slenderness and have been constructed with increasingly daring structures that encompass the experience and knowledge of structural designers by using newly developed materials and technologies boosted by the ever-growing investigations on this field. As the structural designer main objective is related to produce increasingly lighter structures its conception requires a substantial amount of theoretical knowledge associated to structural design and construction processes, in order to make compatible the requirements of architecture with the necessary conditions to the stability. Considering all aspects mentioned before, the objective of this master dissertation is to investigate the structural behavior of a 20 floors steel-concrete composite building, based on static and dynamic analyses (linear and nonlinear). The present study has considered the results of a linear-elastic and non-linear geometric analysis for serviceability actions. The structural behavior of a 20 floors steel-concrete composite building under dynamic actions induced by the wind was also investigated. As a result, it must be emphasized that these buildings deserve special attention from the architectural and structural design and its behavior should be verified by methods including a full static and dynamic analysis (linear and non-linear).
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Čierny, Juraj. "Obchodní dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265530.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is a design of the multy-storey steel structure with a wooden dome structure of the shopping centre in city of Banská Bystrica, Slovakia. Minimum build-up area is 2 000m2. Minimum number of storeys is set at 2. Steel structure is composed as a frame construction with composite steel-concrete ceilings. Building has 2 storeys at all. Wooden structure of dome is composed by glue laminated curved beams. The structural design and analysis is performed by software SCIA Engineer 15.
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Londa, Jan. "Lávka pro pěší." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391897.
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The diploma thesis deals with design and assessment of pedestrian and bicycle footbridges across the river Moravia in Olomouc. The main material used in the design is S355 steel. At the beginning of the thesis, two variants are compared, from which one is subsequently selected for a more detailed design and assessment. The main supporting element of the selected variant are two parabolic arcs inclined to one another, on which the coupling of the intermediate bridge is suspended by means of the rods. The construction span is 54m.
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Souza, Victor José Luiz de. "Contribuição ao projeto e dimensionamento da superestrutura de pontes rodoviárias em vigas mistas de aço e concreto." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4670.
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-01<br>Even the metal bridges known for overcoming large spans, designed and implemented by large offices, this paper wishes to present concepts that can be applied in practical design of Steel-Concrete composite bridges of short and medium span, because those are the most common in national highways, and there is also a lack of professionals to design them into steel in Brazil. In the few studies dedicated to this subject, there is no specific normalization in steel bridges, and there is a lack of bridges on local roads throughout the country. The steel bridge or the Steel- Concrete composite bridges provides a construction that is both quick and of easy recovery. At first it discusses the main structural systems, features and behaviors of composite steel bridges and concrete. It also describes the analysis procedures to actions on bridges according to the U.S. standards (AASHTO:2002 & 2005), European (EC-1:1991) and Brazilian (NBR 7188:1984). It is also an objective of this study to understand the design philosophy of AASHTO:2002, regarding the definition of actions, analysis models, ensuring the joint behavior of steel beam and concrete deck, ultimate limit states and of service and resistance of the mixed system deck, verifying the possibilities / needs of adaptation to the national reality, standard frequently used by Brazilian designers. This study aims to enrich the national literature regarding to Steel-Concrete composite bridges and according to comparisons made to the design and scaling guide, set rules for a calculated script for these mixed systems, bridges, viewing adjustments for the development of those directed to Brazilian realities.<br>Mesmo as pontes metálicas tendo fama de vencer grandes vãos, projetadas e executadas por grandes escritórios de projetos, este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar conceitos que possam ser aplicados na prática de projeto de pontes mistas de aço e concreto de pequenos e médios vãos, pois são as mais frequentes nas rodovias nacionais, e também há uma carência dos profissionais para projetá-las em aço, no Brasil. Além de poucos trabalhos voltados a este assunto, não existe normalização específica para pontes em aço, sendo que há carência de pontes em estradas vicinais em todo o país. A ponte em aço ou mista de aço e concreto possibilita uma construção rápida e de fácil recuperação. Inicialmente discute-se sobre os principais sistemas estruturais, características e comportamentos de pontes mistas de aço e concreto, descrevendo também os procedimentos de análise para ações móveis em pontes segundo as norma americana (AASHTO:2002 e 2005), européia (EC-1:1991) e brasileira (NBR 7188:1984). Também está entre os objetivos deste trabalho compreender a filosofia de projeto da AASHTO:2002 no que se refere à definição das ações, modelos de análise, garantia do comportamento conjunto viga de aço e tabuleiro de concreto, estados limites últimos e de serviço e resistência do sistema de tabuleiro misto, verificando as possibilidades/necessidades de adaptação para a realidade nacional, norma esta comumente utilizada pelos projetistas brasileiros. Espera-se com este trabalho, enriquecer a bibliografia nacional no que se refere às pontes mistas de aço e concreto e de acordo com as comparações realizadas ao projeto e dimensionamento traçar diretrizes para um roteiro de cálculo para estes sistemas de pontes mistas, visando às adaptações para o desenvolvimento destas voltadas às realidades brasileiras.
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Grossi, Luiz Gustavo Fernandes. "Sobre o comportamento estrutural e o dimensionamento de lajes mistas de aço e concreto com armadura adicional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-13122016-084042/.
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Usualmente, em situações práticas de projeto de lajes mistas, procura-se uniformizar ao máximo a espessura das fôrmas de aço, normalmente por razões econômicas (produção em larga escala). Entretanto, em alguns casos, há a necessidade de se especificarem algumas fôrmas com maior espessura, solução essa pouco competitiva no mercado brasileiro. Uma alternativa economicamente interessante em relação ao aumento de espessura é a inserção de armadura adicional, mantendo-se assim a espessura padrão (em geral 0,80 mm) e obtendo-se aumento da área de aço por meio de vergalhões. No entanto, por se tratar de uma solução inusual, o comportamento estrutural das lajes mistas com armadura adicional e seus critérios e diretrizes de dimensionamento não são previstos em normas e manuais técnicos: a ABNT NBR 8800 (2008, p. 226) e o Eurocode 4 (2004, p. 104) mencionam que, caso haja armadura para resistir ao momento fletor positivo, a formulação apresentada deverá ser adequadamente ajustada, mas não apresentam os respectivos critérios e equacionamentos. O ANSI/ASCE 3-91 (1992), o CSSBI S2-2008 (2008) e o ANSI/SDI C-2011 (2011) não mencionam a possibilidade de armadura adicional. Diante desse cenário, investigou-se o comportamento estrutural de lajes mistas com vergalhões e, por meio de uma extensão matemática das formulações já existentes para o caso sem armadura, foram propostos critérios de dimensionamento para os estados-limites últimos (momento fletor e cisalhamento longitudinal) e de serviço (deslocamento vertical). Foram realizados ensaios de flexão em doze protótipos de lajes mistas de dimensões usuais, sendo oito sem barras adicionais e quatro com, variando-se as dimensões (altura e vão, conforme Eurocode 4 (2004)) e com quatro taxas de armadura. A partir desses resultados, pôde-se analisar o comportamento estrutural dos protótipos com armadura adicional, os quais apresentaram ductilidade e capacidade consideravelmente maiores que as correspondentes lajes sem as barras. Por fim, também foram validadas as formulações referentes ao cisalhamento longitudinal (extensões do Método m-k e do Método da Interação Parcial) e ao deslocamento vertical, para os casos mais usuais.<br>Usually, on the design of composite slabs with profiled steel decking, it is tended to standardize as much as possible the thickness of the steel decking, generally because of economic reasons (large-scale production). Nevertheless, in a few cases it must be necessary to specify thicker steel decking, which is not a competitive solution in the Brazilian market. An economic alternative regarding the increase of thickness is the insertion of additional bottom reinforcement, thus, keeping the standard thickness (in general 0.80 mm) and obtaining the steel area increment through rebars. Notwithstanding, since that is an unusual solution, the structural behavior of composite slabs with additional reinforcement, their criteria and design guidelines are not provided in standards and technical manuals: ABNT NBR 8800 (2008) and Eurocode 4 (2004) state that, if there are additional bars to resist positive bending moment, the formulation should be adapted, however they do not present the respective criteria and equating. CSSBI S2-2008 (2008), ANSI/ASCE 3-91 (1992) and ANSI/SDI C-2011 (2011) do not mention the possibility of using additional reinforcement. In this scenario, the structural behavior of composite slabs with rebars was investigated and, through a mathematic extension of the formulation already used to the unreinforced situation, design criteria were proposed for the ultimate (flexure and longitudinal shear) and serviceability (deflection) limit states. In addition, flexure tests were carried out in twelve composite slabs with usual dimensions, eight of those without additional bars and four with, following the recommendations by Eurocode 4 (2004) about the variation of the dimensions (height and span), with the latter having four reinforcement rates. With the results of those tests, the structural behavior of the reinforced prototypes was analysed, which have showed considerably higher ductility and resistance when compared to those with the unreinforced ones. Finally, the formulations for the usual cases related to longitudinal shear (extensions of the m-k Method and the Partial Interaction Method) and deflection were validated.
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Brodecký, Miroslav. "Patrová budova s atriem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265534.
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The diploma work deals with a design of a steel load-bearing structure for a multi-storey building with an atrium consisting of five above ground floors. The property is situated into Blansko area. Its ground-plan measures are 32.5 x 56 m. The maximum height of the property is 23.2 m. The height of the floor is 4 m. Load-bearing structure is designed with articulated joints. The atrium roof is formed from truss girders. The design and assessment is done according to rules in operation.
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Kloda, Petr. "Ocelová konstrukce silničního mostu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391963.
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The aim of the master thesis was a design of the steel-concrete composite road bridge for a main road in Ostrava. The part of the design was a variant design of the bridge which has theoretical spans equal to 44 m + 55 m + 44 m. Total span of the bridge is then 143 m. Two variants of the bearing steel structure are compared in the preliminary structural design, in the first one a twin-girder is designed and in the second one a box-girder bridge is assessed. The width of the bridge is 14 m and a launching of the bridge without temporary supports is chosen as the assembly method. The design of the bridge structure was carried out according to the valid standard ČSN EN. The final thesis contains variant design, structural design report, where a bill of quantities is stated, engineering report and drawings.
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Flodrová, Helena. "Nová synagóga v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227132.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the architectural design of the New synagogue in Brno. The aim of this study is to create the closed a closed complex of buildings, which will be used by the Jewish religious communities and their members. Therefore, a building program is designed individually, according to the preferences and needs of the target group. The new building is located in Brno-Trnitá. At present, a new Jewish community center with a new synagogue in his heart is under development. The center is intended for all age groups. Besides the New synagogue, the area will contain a museum, kosher restaurants and administrative center. The administrative building of the Jewish community center is composed of a multi-purpose hall, a Jewis library, offices and a mikveh. Design of adjacent buildings and planned housing development is part of the presented urban design.
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Pešák, Radek. "Nákupní centrum ve Frýdku-Místku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391983.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to construct a steel shopping mall hall. The construction is located in Frýdek-Místek. The whole object can be divided in two parts. One part of the building is an atrium with a cross bridge made from glass. The roof construction of the atrium is designed as system of cylindrical lattice girders within purlins are set up. The other part of the construction is multistoried shopping mall with terrace designed as composite steel and concrete structure. The whole ground plan size of the construction is 72 m x 120 m. The height of the construction above the ground is 12.06 m. The cross-links are built up to 6 m one. There were created two versions of the construction. The most convenient version is described in more details. The outcome of the thesis is a comparison of two above mentioned versions. The whole project is based on officially recognised standard ČSN EN. The construction was designed in RFEM programme.
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RIBEIRO, NETO Juliano Geraldo. "Vigas mistas com laje de concreto e perfis laminados tipo I: análise comparativa do comportamento estrutural entre conectores." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/684.
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-19<br>Among the many structural and building systems, it could be highlighted a system that is a mix of steel-concrete that allows the application of their structural and building advantages as whole. When dealing with metal structures, it was noticed some changes regarding the standards of the involved material due to its lack of availability; such measures do not always follow satisfactory structural procedures. This research aims to develop a comparative study about the technical behavior of mixed steel-concrete from three different types of shear connectors (U, U and L cold formed laminated), analyzing their connectors structural behavior when associated with steel beams (Type I rolled and concrete slab). There were three direct shear tests for each type of connector, resulting in a total of nine pieces, and six trials (simply supported composite beams) to evaluate the positive bending moment region. The results indicated that the direct shear behavior between the types of connectors had important and different outcomes; however, they didn t affect significantly the average resistance of the bending mixed beams. Such beams showed considerable results regarding their deflection and deformation performance due to their connectors stiffness.<br>Dentre os diversos sistemas estruturais e construtivos existentes, destacam-se os sistemas formados por elementos mistos aço-concreto, cuja combinação de perfis de aço e concreto visa aproveitar as vantagens de cada material, tanto em termos estruturais como construtivos. Um fato corriqueiro que pode ser observado na execução de obras metálicas é a substituição de perfis especificados em projeto por outros equivalentes. Essa substituição, muitas vezes motivada pela falta do material especificado, nem sempre atende a uma equivalência de comportamento estrutural satisfatória. Neste trabalho é abordado um estudo comparativo do comportamento estrutural de vigas com seção mista aço-concreto, para três diferentes tipos de conectores de cisalhamento em perfil U laminado, U e L formados a frio. O objetivo é estudar o comportamento estrutural desses conectores associados a vigas metálicas em perfil I laminado e laje de concreto. Para cada tipo de conector foram realizados três ensaios de cisalhamento direto, resultando num total de nove peças, além de seis ensaios em vigas mistas simplesmente apoiadas para avaliação da região de momento fletor positivo. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o comportamento ao cisalhamento direto entre os diferentes tipos de conectores apresentam significativa diferença, entretanto não influenciaram significativamente na resistência média das vigas mistas à flexão. Estas porém, apresentaram diferenças consideráveis de deflexões e deformações em virtude das diferenças de rigidez dos conectores.
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Kuba, Michal. "Návrh silničního ocelobetonového komorového mostu na obchvatu Bludova." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372194.
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The aim of this work is design and assessment of the box-girder road bridge on by-road of Bludov. Bridge is designed as composite steel concrete bridge with 5 spans with distances between supports of 31,25 m; 40,0 m; 60,0 m; 60,0 m and 40,35 m. Main bearing structure is designed as open steel box-girder with reinforced concrete deck. Box girder is braced with longitudinal and transversal bracings. Main structure is separated for each traffic direction. The bridge crosses river Morava and railway in 2nd and 3rd span, respectively. The category of road I/44 is S 21,5/100. The height of steel box girder is designed as 2,5 m. Bridge will be built by incremental launching method, with in-situ casted concrete deck afterwards. The bridge is designed according to current standards. Supporting elements are designed from steel of class S 355 and concrete of class C35/45.