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Journal articles on the topic "Concrete tower design"
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M, Ensari Yigit, Anil Ozdemir, Fethi Sermet, and Murat Pinarlik. "Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Towers with Different Designs by Finite Elements Method." International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering 4, no. 3 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijare.2018.4.3.01.
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It is known that the use of renewable energy has an increasing trend in whole world. Wind energy is one of the renewable energy types, as well is among the cleanest and most economical energy sources. Nowadays, in order to provide much more energy from wind, turbine towers are being built higher and the turbine blades have begun to be manufactured longer. Due to these applications, tower and turbine weights are continuously increasing. For this reason, it is necessary to optimize the materials used as well as the dimensions of the turbine towers. In the present study, behavior of TLP floating wind turbine towers with three different designs under wave, hydrostatic and static loads were investigated. In order to clarify the effect of these loads, turbine designs were analyzed in the ratio of 1/5 using finite elements method. Steel, reinforced concrete and hybrid (reinforced concrete and steel) wind turbine towers tied to sea floor at a depth of 10 meters rigidly by TLP floating method. In this context, 10-meter-high turbine towers having three different designs which static analyzed previously were used for investigate effects of wave and hydrostatic loads. Turbine structures analyzed with ABAQUS finite elements model. The deformations and stress values of underwater turbine structures were obtained and compared with each other. As it can be seen from analysis results, compared to the reinforced concrete design, the displacement of steel tower design decreased 77.84%. It is seen that the torsion effect was dominant in the steel tower design. However, the decreasing displacement value for steel design was recorded as 44.43% compared to the hybrid tower design.
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Zhou, Yang, Ertong Hao, Yudong Ran, Hai Cao, Yane Li, and Jike Tan. "Shear Performance of Vertical Joints in Wind Turbine Concrete Towers with Different Interface Processes." Buildings 15, no. 2 (2025): 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15020250.
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As a weak part of the concrete tower in wind turbines, the insufficient shear capacity of vertical joints can cause the local shear failure of the tower, reduce the overall bearing capacity and stability of the tower, and lead to safety issues. At present, the splicing of tower vertical joints mainly uses epoxy resin filling and arc bolt connections. However, sometimes the concrete near the vertical joints is damaged due to compression after applying pretension to the arc bolts, which will affect the bearing capacity and stability of the entire tower structure. If other interface processes are used for vertical joint splicing, the shear performance will be directly affected. Therefore, in order to study the influence of different interface processes on the shear performance of vertical joints in concrete tower tubes, four vertical joint specimens were designed for a pull-out test under shear load and the failure mode of the specimens and the shear capacity of the vertical joint interface were analyzed and studied. The results showed that with an increase in epoxy thickness and the application of an interface chiseling treatment, as well as injecting epoxy resin into the channels, the shear performance of vertical joints could be enhanced. Finally, based on existing research and standardized design methods, the shear capacity of vertical joints in wind turbine concrete towers was predicted, which showed that the existing design methods were not yet fully applicable to the shear capacity design of vertical joints in wind turbine concrete towers with different interface processes. Further research is needed to supplement and improve them.
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Gong, Yikai, and Martin Noël. "Finite Element Model of Concrete-Filled, Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Tubes for Small-Scale Wind Turbine Towers." CivilEng 5, no. 1 (2024): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng5010009.
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The finite element method was used to study the feasibility of concrete-filled, fiber-reinforced polymer tubes (CFFTs) for small-scale wind turbine towers in remote areas. Although CFFTs have been successfully employed for a variety of structural applications, their use for wind turbine towers is novel and has yet to be investigated in detail. The objective of the study was to identify, for the first time, the most important parameters for design and compare the behavior of CFFT towers versus conventional steel and concrete towers. The model was first validated using experimental results reported in the literature followed by a series of parametric studies to evaluate the importance of several key parameters. In the first phase, the effect of different geometric properties (taper and concrete filling ratio) and reinforcement configurations (FRP laminate configuration, steel reinforcement ratio, and prestressing level) were investigated for cantilever tower models with concentrated lateral loads. A 10 m high CFFT wind turbine tower model was subsequently modeled and studied under different loading configurations. The influence of the height-to-diameter (h/D) ratio on cantilever CFFT models was also studied and a conservative preliminary design that can be refined for specific turbine systems and wind conditions was adopted using the h/D ratio. The CFFT tower model was compared to concrete and steel tubular models with similar geometry to study the advantages of CFFT towers and showed that CFFTs can be an efficient alternative.
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Shchedrolosiev, O., O. Uzlov, and K. Kyrychenko. "IMPROVING CONSTRUCTIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL CONNECTING JOINTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE PONTOON WITH A TRANSVERSE DIAPHRAGM AND A METAL TOWER IN A FLOATING COMPOSITE DOCK." Scientific Bulletin Kherson State Maritime Academy 1, no. 22 (2020): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33815/2313-4763.2020.1.22.142-152.
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The analysis of the known technical decisions in dock construction field, rationalizing production resources at composite docks construction is given. It is established that the available solutions do not specify the recommendations for lowering the metal content in the reinforced concrete pontoon of composite floating docks. As a result of the conducted research, the design of floating composite docks was improved by reducing sets in the reinforced concrete pontoon. The rationality of a pontoon design construction without installation of frames, floors, and beams under towers is substantiated. Technological recommendations for the transverse partitions installation between the inner boards in 4 spaces, i.e. in 3 meters in contrast to the classical design in which the distance between the partitions is 1.5 meters, were described. The analysis of the design features of the reinforced concrete pontoon connecting joints with the transverse diaphragm and the metal tower of the floating composite dock is carried out, the difficulties that arise are described. The design and technological recommendations for the construction of the reinforced concrete pontoon joints with the transverse diaphragm and the metal tower have been developed. The floating dock construction sequence and technological operations ensuring concrete’s strength, water tightness and frost resistance at intersection joints are described. Solutions that increase the local adhesion of concrete to cross-shaped parts and prevent its exfoliation have been developed. The traditional scheme of the composite dock construction and a structural joint of a metal tower with a reinforced concrete pontoon is given. The composite dock construction scheme and the construction scheme of the joints of the reinforced concrete pontoon with the transverse diaphragm and the metal tower, which are designed for the construction of floating composite docks with reduced metal content in the pontoon, have been improved.
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Abdelrazaq, Ahmad K. "Design and construction of Merdeka 118 tower using high performance concrete: Pushing the boundaries of concrete technology for a megatall building." Revista Alconpat 15, no. 2 (2025): 175–87. https://doi.org/10.21041/ra.v15i2.808.
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This paper presents the structural engineering, construction innovations and key challenges in the design and construction of Malaysia’s next landmark. Merdeka 118 is a large-scale mixed development that includes a 118-storey-679.9m tall mega-tall tower, the second tallest tower in the world. The effective application of High Performance Concrete (HPC) up to C105 has significantly optimized the size of structural elements and improved the economics of the building by maximizing premium floor space. HPC up to C105 has been applied to the mega column and core walls to optimize the size of the elements and improve the gravity and lateral load resisting capability of the elements. To ensure delivery of HPC to the highest standard, extensive planning, testing programs, and quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program have been developed. The challenges in Merdeka 118 tower have pushed the boundary of HPC utilization in Malaysia since the Petronas twin towers.
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Gong, Cheng Lin, Hua Liu, and Jian Zhang. "Study on Dynamic Properties of the Intake Tower with Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 1888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.1888.
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Intake tower is a complex structure, which has complex boundary conditions and has complex loading situation. Intake tower is made up of reinforced concrete ,which is thin-wall hollow structure. It builds in the near the shore in the reservoir, its top bridge connects to the banks of the river, The tower is in the water and is under pressure, intake towers safety is very important under the action of earthquake. Based on the large finite element software ANSYS, the dynamic properties of the intake tower is studied, and the intake tower+ foundation is also studied. The research conclusions can be used as reference for engineering design.
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Wen, Yang, and Fei Zhou. "Time-History Analysis of Seismic Response for the Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Wind Turbine Tower Based on Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2176.
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In the article based on the geometric characteristics of the tower and force characteristics, the author designs the concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) 3 limbs column tower, and establishes finite element model of the tower. We carry on time history analysis of the concrete-filled steel tubular wind turbine tower based on finite element method when the earthquake wave is different. Under rare earthquake, the majority bars of the concrete-filled steel tube 3 limbs column tower are in the elastic stage, only a small number of bars in the top and the bottom are into the plastic phase. The post-seismic displacement at the top of tower is 1.1m which is slightly less than the tower height of 1 / 50 (1.26m) and meets the seismic requirements of the region. The analytical result may provide the foundational test data and advice for the design of the CFST wind turbine tower.
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Apcarian, Anabel, Gabriel Contreras, Juan Manuel Labriola, and Emmanuel Quiróz. "Comparison of Alternatives for Multi-MW Wind Turbine Towers in Northern Patagonia, Argentina." Buildings 14, no. 7 (2024): 2045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14072045.
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The Patagonian region of Argentina has great wind potential. In this geographical area of complex terrain, the local wind is influenced by the proximity of the Andes Mountain chain, and it is very intense and turbulent. The wind profiles, turbulence intensity, and average wind speeds at the site do not meet the recommended values in the standards. This issue could have a significant impact on the design loads for structures installed in the region. The objective of this work was to compare the behavior under extreme wind load on different types of towers for multi-MW wind turbines in situ. For this, a hybrid tower, a concrete tower, and a steel tower of equal dimensions were compared. Additionally, we analyzed the influence of the cross-sectional shape of concrete on hybrid towers. The flow pattern around the structures was studied using a solid wall model. As for the towers, we implemented a stress–strain elastic analysis. We calculated the stress fields, displacement fields, and aerodynamic behavior for each tower. We conclude that hybrid towers present the most optimal behavior. Among the different cross-sectional shapes analyzed for this type of tower, we found that all of them show advantages and disadvantages, with the circular section being the one that has the highest average performance from the resistance and aerodynamic standpoint.
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Li, Bin, Qun Hui Zhang, and Chun Yan Gao. "Numerical Simulation on the Mechanical Performance of the Wind Generator Latticed Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Tower." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.751.
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Nonlinear finite element parameters analysis on the lattice type steel pipe concrete wind turbine tower, it shows the entire process of load bearing, failure mode and ultimate bearing capacity, researches on the influence law of aspect ratio, form of tower webs, tower diameter to thickness ratio and web member stiffness to tower column stiffness ratio on the ultimate bearing capacity and tower failure mode. The finite element analysis results shows that the tower aspect ratio λ, the diameter-thickness ratio γ of tower columns and the increase of stiffness ratio β between web members and tower columns has great influence on ultimate bearing capacity and failure mode, while the form of webs has small influence on that. with the increase of tower aspect ratio λ, the decrease of diameter-thickness ratio γ of tower columns and the increase of stiffness ratio β between web members and tower columns, the ultimate bearing capacity of this kind of latticed towers increase, the failure mode changed from Web local buckling to The combined damage of Web local buckling and the tension tower yield. This paper suggests that in the design of wind turbulent generator tower, the tower aspect ratio λ should be best controlled at 1/9, the bottom layers of this kind of tower should best use the re-divided web members, and other web member forms used on above layers, the diameter-thickness ratio γ of tower column should be taken less than 30, and the stiffness ratio β between webs and columns should be controlled less than 0.05 in order to avoid damage occurring on the tower columns earlier than the webs. The results can provide evidence for the engineering design.
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Belov, Vyacheslav, Evilina Galieva, and Roman Verkhovskiy. "Technical and economic assessment of the possibility of using a thermal and moisture protection screen to increase the resistance of the reinforced concrete cooling tower shell to operational conditions." BIO Web of Conferences 107 (2024): 06017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410706017.
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During the operation of chimney-type evaporative cooling towers which are made of monolithic reinforced concrete, the shell is exposed to various aggressive environmental influences and the carried-away part of the recycled process water leading to its premature destruction. This article illustrates a method of protecting the shell tower of a reinforced concrete cooling tower from the aggressive effects of the operating environment using a thermal and moisture protection screen design – a ventilated curtain wall with a cladding of fiberglass sheets. By the finite element method, using the ANSYS PC, a calculated analysis of temperature values and air velocity in the air gap was performed, resulting in the geometry of the air gap. To assess the overall change in the percentage of reinforcement, the corresponding strength calculations of the cooling tower shell were made with and without a thermal and moisture protection screen. Subsequently, the corresponding technical and economic analysis of the proposed design option was carried out. As a result the use of thermal moisture protection screen allows significantly redact capital costs during the construction of new cooling towers and decrease expenses for periodic major repairs in the operational cycle, thereby increasing the durability of the cooling tower.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Concrete tower design"
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Van, Zyl Willem Sternberg. "Concrete wind turbine towers in Southern Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96021.
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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Exponential growth of the global wind turbine market has led to a significant increase in the capacity of wind turbine generators. Modern turbines require higher support structures as higher wind speeds combined with longer blades are necessary to increase their generating capacity. The standard 80-90 m tower is thus not economically viable anymore. Transportation logistics of large steel towers has led to concrete towers becoming a viable option. There are currently no design codes dealing exclusively with the design of concrete wind turbine towers. The aim of this project is to investigate and highlight important aspects of the design process of a normally reinforced high strength concrete wind turbine tower. The tower was designed using nonlinear finite element modelling as a design tool to accurately design the tower for various loads and load cases. An analytical design method was developed that can be used in the preliminary design stage. Finally, the importance of the soil-structure interaction was investigated through a sensitivity analysis.
It was found that the formation of cracks greatly affected the stiffness of the structure and that the reduction in stiffness increased the deflection significantly. It was also found that a structure that has sufficient strength to resist the ULS loads may not necessarily comply with the maximum deflection limit for the SLS. The concrete strength class required was not only determined by the maximum compression stress the concrete would experience, but also by the stiffness required to ensure that the tower frequency is within the turbine’s working frequency. The dynamic behaviour of the tower was also affected by the formation of cracks. The fundamental frequency of the tower was reduced by 46% after the SLS loads were applied. It was found that the soil preparation for the foundation plays a vital role in ensuring that the tower frequency is not reduced to a level where it falls outside the turbine working frequency.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die eksponensiële groei van die globale wind turbine mark het gelei tot ʼn beduidende toename in die opwekkingskapasiteit van wind turbine kragopwekkers. Moderne turbines benodig hoër ondersteuningstrukture om hulle opwekkingskapasiteit te verhoog en daarom is die standaard 80-90 m toring nie meer geskik nie. Die vervoer logistiek van groot staal torings het daartoe gelei dat beton torings ʼn lewensvatbare opsie geword het. Daar is huidiglik geen ontwerpkodes wat uitsluitlik handel met die ontwerp van beton wind turbine torings nie. Die doel van hierdie projek is om die ontwerp proses van ʼn bewapende hoë sterkte beton wind turbine toring te ondersoek en belangrike aspekte uit te lig. Die toring word ontwerp deur ʼn nie-liniêre eindige element model te gebruik as ʼn ontwerp hulpmiddel, om die toring akkuraat te ontwerp vir verskeie laste en lasgevalle. ʼn Analitiese ontwerpmetode is ontwikkel wat gebruik kan word in die voorlopige ontwerpfase. Laastens is die grond-struktuur interaksie ondersoek deur ʼn sensitiwiteitsanalise.
Daar is gevind dat die vorming van krake die styfheid van die struktuur aansienlik beïnvloed en dat die vermindering in styfheid die defleksie beduidend vermeerder. Daar is ook gevind dat ʼn struktuur wat voldoende sterkte het om die uiterste lastoestande te weerstaan, nie noodwendig voldoen aan die maksimum defleksiegrens vir die diens lastoestande nie. Die beton sterkte klas wat benodig is, is nie net bepaal deur die maksimum druk spanning wat die beton sal ondervind nie, maar ook deur die styfheid wat vereis word om te verseker dat die toring se frekwensie binne die turbine se werksfrekwensie val. Die dinamiese gedrag van die toring is ook beïnvloed deur die vorming van krake. Die fundamentele frekwensie van die toring is verlaag met 46% nadat die diens lastoestande toegepas is. Daar is gevind dat die grond voorbereiding vir die fondasie ʼn belangrike rol speel om te verseker dat die toring se frekwensie nie verlaag word tot ʼn vlak waar dit buite die turbine se werksfrekwensie val nie.
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Zralý, Tomáš. "Železobetonová konstrukce chladící věže." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227268.
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There was solved reinforced concrete cooling tower in the diploma thesis. This is a rotationally symmetrical construction. The cooling tower is concrete shell on columns. The cooling tower was solved using the finite element method, computer program Midas FEA. The work includes: calculation using the program Midas FEA, comparison of load between eurocode and foreign literature, the design of shell and columns, drawings form
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Gama, Paulo Vitor Calmon Nogueira da. "Contribuições ao dimensionamento de torres eólicas de concreto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-19072016-085023/.
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O trabalho dedica-se ao estudo das torres eólicas protendidas de concreto, com a finalidade de promover a discussão sobre os critérios de dimensionamento, tema de grande relevância na atualidade. Para tal, foi considerada uma torre eólica de 100 m de altura provida de turbina de 5 MW, cujas ações foram obtidas da literatura. O carregamento de vento ao longo da torre foi tratado como estático equivalente de acordo com disposições normativas, através de uma forma simplificada para a adoção de uma velocidade de projeto equivalente à incidente no rotor. Com base na literatura, apenas as condições mais críticas foram adotadas no dimensionamento. As combinações entre os carregamentos e os coeficientes parciais de segurança foram delineados a partir do método dos estados limites, o qual se encontra amplamente difundido em normas de projeto. Os esforços e deslocamentos na torre foram obtidos pelo método dos elementos finitos com discretização em elementos finitos unidimensionais, considerando as não linearidades física e geométrica por intermédio do acoplamento de um programa comercial de elementos finitos com algoritmo desenvolvido em linguagem MATLAB, que tanto define as diversas geometrias de cada elemento ao longo da torre (seção variável), como obtém para cada um: a armadura ativa longitudinal a partir de perdas de protensão recalculadas, o diagrama momento-curvatura-força normal, e a armadura passiva longitudinal escalonada, que é otimizada durante o processo do dimensionamento. Quanto à resistência ao esforço cortante das seções anulares, foi proposto um modelo que apresentou boa concordância com os resultados experimentais obtidos na literatura. Além dos concretos convencionais, é discutido o estado-da-arte do concreto de ultra-alto desempenho reforçado com fibras, CUADRF, tratando sobre seu desenvolvimento histórico, composição, diferentes tipos, propriedades mecânicas, aplicações, recomendações para projeto e as simplificações adotadas quanto ao seu uso nas torres eólicas. Ao final foram realizadas análises paramétricas relativas à geometria e à classe de concreto para dois tipos de torres: em tronco de cone e de variação parabólica. Uma das principais conclusões do trabalho é que a otimização da área de aço passivo ocorre de forma sistemática para as torres de frequência natural mais baixa, tornando indispensável o uso de um modelo não linear para o correto dimensionamento. Além disso, as torres obtidas foram comparadas através do custo material total, constatando-se que as torres mais econômicas possuíam variação parabólica. Isso permitiu aferir um valor inicial para o qual o uso do CUADRF em torres eólicas passaria a ser competitivo.<br>The work is dedicated to the study of prestressed wind towers of concrete, in order to promote discussion on the design criteria, highly relevant topic today. For this purpose, it was considered a wind tower 100 m high provided with 5 MW turbine, whose actions were obtained from the literature. The wind loading along the tower was treated as static equivalent in accordance with design codes, through a simplified way for the adoption of a design speed equivalent to that incident on the rotor. Based on the literature, only the most critical conditions were adopted in the design. The combinations between loads and partial safety factors were outlined by the limit states method, which is widespread in design standards. The forces and displacements in the tower were obtained by the finite element method with discretization in frame elements, through material and geometric nonlinearities. This was done through coupling of a commercial finite element program with algorithm developed in MATLAB language, which defines both the various geometries of each element along the tower (variable section), and obtains for each: prestressing reinforcement from recalculated prestressing losses, the moment-curvature-normal diagram, and the stepped longitudinal passive reinforcement that is optimized during the design process. For the shear strength of the annular sections, a model that showed good agreement with the experimental results obtained in the literature was proposed. In addition to conventional concrete, the state-of-the art of ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete, UHPFRC, is discussed, dealing on its historical development, composition, different types, mechanical properties, applications, recommendations for design and simplifications adopted on its use in wind towers. At the end were performed parametric analyzes of the geometry and the concrete class for two types of towers: frustoconical and with parabolic variation. One of the main conclusions is that the optimization of passive steel area occurs systematically to the lower natural frequency towers, making it essential to use a nonlinear model for proper design. Moreover, the towers obtained were compared with the total material cost, having noticed that most economical towers had parabolic variation for the constraints here imposed. This allowed the assessment of an initial value for which the use of UHPFRC in wind turbine towers would be competitive.
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Pires, Pedro Miguel Rodrigues. "Design of concrete-steel transitions in a hybrid wind turbine tower." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/38501.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra<br>O crescimento exponencial da população mundial tem acentuado a necessidade de recursos disponíveis e o consumo energético. Como forma de responder a essa crescente procura e com o objectivo de preservar os recursos naturais existentes, a energia eólica apresenta-se como uma solução eficaz.
A energia eólica é a fonte de energia com a maior taxa de crescimento, situando-se em cerca de 20% ao ano. O aumento da potência dos aerogeradores exige torres de maiores dimensões levando ao repensar de soluções e a procura de alternativas. Os elementos pré-fabricados de betão surgem como uma alternativa relativamente às torres metálicas. Soluções hibridas permitem aproveitar as vantagens de ambos os materiais conduzindo a soluções promissoras para grandes alturas.
O peso dos segmentos de betão é cada vez mais um problema em torres de grandes dimensões. Estes elementos são construídos em apenas uma peça o que leva a soluções pesadas, de grandes dimensões e difícil transporte. O objectivo principal deste trabalho consiste no dimensionamento e comparação de diferentes soluções para os segmentos de transição numa torre híbrida de 122 metros com um sistema de pré-esforço pelo exterior. Foram estudadas e comparadas duas variações da transição tendo em conta aspectos como peso, dimensões, necessidades construtivas, armaduras e resistência a acções de fadiga. A primeira alternativa estudada consiste num segmento mais curto e a segunda num elemento mais esbelto sempre com o objectivo de reduzir o peso do elemento de transição.
Inicialmente foi necessário definir completamente a geometria da flange, a posição e traçado dos cabos de pré-esforço. Foi realizado um cálculo detalhado das necessidades de pré-esforço e respectivas perdas. As quantidades de armaduras foram dimensionadas tendo em conta situações criticas tais como os efeitos de esforço transverso e torsão, controlo da fendilhação em betões jovens e os efeitos de forças radiais devido aos pontos de desvio do pré-esforço, foram também tidos em conta os efeitos das acções de fadiga<br>In recent years, the Earth has witnessed an exponential population growth demanding for more resources and energy. As a response to this need wind energy presents itself as an intelligent choice, a never ending source of energy with limited environmental impact, with its goal to preserve the earth’s depleting resources.
Wind energy is the world´s fastest growing energy source increasing at an annual rate of 20%. The increasing generators capacity demands for higher towers with new solutions, new materials and new construction processes. Pre-fabricated concrete sections appeared as a good alternative to steel and hybrid solutions aim to take advantage of both materials leading to cheaper and better performing wind turbine towers.
One current problem with high concrete towers is the weight of the segments. The top concrete segments have to be built as a single section, creating quite massive elements. The main objective of this work is to design and compare different solutions for concrete-steel transitions in a 122 m externally prestressed hybrid tower. Two different geometries for the top concrete segment were studied and compared with aspects such as weight of the segments, dimensions, production requirements, reinforcement amounts or fatigue damage taken into account. The first concrete segment variation is shorter than the typical ENERCON segments and the second is a thinner one, aiming at reducing the weight of the transition element.
The design first steps consisted of the definition of the flange connection configuration and definition of the prestress tendons position. An extensive calculation of the prestress was performed with repercussions in every other element. The reinforcement of the segments was determined taking special focus to the effects of shear and torsion, early-age thermal crack width and the radial forces from the deviation points. The effects of fatigue damage on the structure were also taken into account
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Liu, Chuan-I., and 劉權毅. "Optimal Design of Conductive Concrete to Improve the Anti-lightning Grounding of ElectricityTransmission Tower by using Artificial Neural Networks." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zs3ch6.
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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>土木工程學系碩士班<br>102<br>Due to high domestic lightning density, there are many reasons to cause electricity transmission system failure. According to Taipower (Taiwan Power Company, TPC, also known as Taipower) statistics, in the transmission system, the electrical accident came from lightning strikes were close to 50% of all accidents.
In recent years, due to insufficient of grounding web, domestic equipment damage happened continuously. Lightning strikes are major natural disaster. Therefore, good grounding device should be an important measure in lightning protection. In the lightning protection and grounding device, the smaller the grounding resistivity is, the lower the instantaneous voltage drops. Therefore, the risk of being struck by lightning becomes less with smaller grounding resistance value and reliable anti-lightning grounding equipment. This study proposes the use of highly conductive concrete basic structure to be a large area of grounding resistance with grounding grid and grounding rods sharing lightning current in parallel,then to drive the lightning strike current underground and reduce the power loss caused by power failure.
Previous works on the main drag reduction methods including increasing the area of the grounding network, citing external grounding and using chemical reducing agent were likely to cause corrosion of the grounding conductor. The earth is a poor conductive object due to the high resistivity of the earth. Once the electric current flows into the earth, the resistance of earth would be close to zero because of its large cross-section.
Artificial Neural Networks method is different from the traditional one which is a kind of parallel distributed processing computing model. The basic principle of operation is based on a large but simple processing unit, or called Neuron connected to each other; by using the whole processing unit by the simple arithmetic of the external input signal to process information, which is similar to many features and benefits of human brains.This study proposes the use of the Artificial Neural Networks training with cross-validation method and Train-and-Test method used in optimizing the cost,resistance, and compressive of highly conductive concrete.
Books on the topic "Concrete tower design"
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American Society of Civil Engineers. Concrete Pole Task Committee., ed. Guide for the design and use of concrete poles. American Society of Civil Engineers, 1987.
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Structural Engineering Institute. Task Committee on Concrete Pole Structures, ed. Prestressed concrete transmission pole structures: Recommended practice for design and installation. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012.
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International Conference "Conquest of Vertical Space in the 21st Century" (3rd 1997 London, England). Multi-purpose high-rise towers and tall buildings: Proceedings of the third International Conference "Conquest of Vertical Space in the 21st Century" organised by the Concrete Society, London, 7-10 October 1997. E & FN Spon, 1997.
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Principles of Concrete Telecom Towers Design: مبانی طراحی برج های بتونی مخابراتی. Google books, 2021.
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Maymir, Euripides Fajardo Y. Design of Reinforced-Concrete Water Tower and Steel Tank. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2021.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Concrete tower design"
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He, Wenjun, Chen Yang, Jianxiang Gong, Rutao Liu, and Yucheng Zhou. "Optimized design of prestressed concrete tower turbine foundations." In Building Seismic Monitoring and Detection Technology. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003409564-60.
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Pérez Caldentey, Alejandro, John Hewitt, John van Rooyen, Graziano Leoni, Gianluca Ranzi, and Raymond Ian Gilbert. "Case studies considering the influence of the time-dependent behaviour of concrete on the serviceability limit state design of composite steel-concrete buildings." In Time-dependent behaviour and design of composite steel-concrete structures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed018.ch7.
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<p>This chapter presents a number of case studies that deal with the service design of composite steel-concrete buildings associated with the time-dependent behaviour of the concrete. The particular focus of this chapter is to outline key design aspects that need to be accounted for in design and that are influenced by concrete time effects. The first case study provides an overview of the design considerations related to the time-dependent column shortening in typical multi-storey buildings by considering the layout of the Intesa Sanpaolo Headquarters in Turin as reference. The second case study focuses on a composite floor of a commercial building constructed in Australia and it provides an overview of the conceptual design used to select the steel beam framing arrangement to support the composite floor system while accounting for concrete cracking and time effects. The third case study deals with the Quay Quarter Tower that has been designed for the repurposing of an existing 50-year old building in Australia while accounting for the time-dependent interaction between the existing and the new concrete components of the building.</p>
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Yang, Yan. "Key Construction Techniques for Cable Hoisting of Long-Span Steel Pipe Concrete Arch Bridge." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5814-2_29.
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AbstractLarge span steel tube concrete arch bridges with the characteristics of high construction risk and high technical difficulty are usually constructed by cable hoisting technology. In this parper, the self-balance of the load-bearing main cable and optimized scheme for the main tower and anchor were proposed by conducting an iterative theoretical design calculation on the main cable. The design and key technology of the cable lifting system for large-span concretes filled steel tube arch bridge were investigated. Moreover, the “inverted loading method” was used for simulation analysis, which provides a scientific basis for the construction stage. The engineering practice results show that the optimization and innovation of the cable hoisting system can greatly improve design efficiency, enhance the safety of the cable system, and obtain good economic value.
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Bob, Corneliu, Sorin Dan, Catalin Badea, Aurelian Gruin, and Liana Iures. "Strengthening of the Frame Structure at the Timisoreana Brewery, Romania." In Case Studies of Rehabilitation, Repair, Retrofitting, and Strengthening of Structures. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed012.057.
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<p>Many structures built in Romania before 1970 were designed for gravity loads with inadequate lateral load resistance because earlier codes specified lower levels of seismic loads. Some of these structures are still in service beyond their design life. Also, some deterioration was observed in existing structures due to the actions of different hazard factors. This paper presents the case study of a brewery with reinforced concrete framed structure of five storeys and a tower of nine storeys, which has been assessed and strengthened. The brewery and the tower were built in 1961 and an extension in 1971. An assessment performed in 1999 showed up local damages at slabs, main girders, secondary beams, and columns; concrete carbonation; concrete cover spalled over a large surface; complete corrosion of many stirrups and deep corrosion of main reinforcement; and some broken reinforcement. Such damage was caused by salt solution, CO2, relative humidity RH 80%, and temperatures over 40◦C. Also, inadequate longitudinal reinforcement was deduced≈ from the structural analysis. The initial design, done in 1960, was according to the Romanian codes of that time with provisions at low seismic actions. The structural system weakness is due to present-day high seismic actions. The rehabilitation of the reinforced concrete structure was performed by jacketing with reinforced concrete for the main and secondary beams and columns. In 2003, due to continuous operation and subsequent damage of the structure, a new assessment was required. It was found that some beams and one column were characterized by inadequate main and shear reinforcement as well as corrosion of many stirrups at beams. The strengthening solution adopted was based on carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites for beams and column.</p>
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Zhao, X., J. L. Cai, and W. T. Yue. "Optimal Design for Stability Performance of Super Tall Residential Tower Equipped with Reinforced Concrete Outriggers." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8079-6_48.
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Formisano, Antonio, and Antonio Davino. "Seismic Analysis and Retrofitting by C-FRP of Reinforced Concrete Bell Towers Within Masonry Churches: A Case Study." In Case Studies of Building Rehabilitation and Design. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71237-2_3.
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Timm Christoph. "1 World Trade Center – Podium Wall Design Development." In Challenging Glass 3. IOS Press, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-061-1-17.
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On the new 1 World Trade Center Tower an exterior permeable fa&ccedil;ade treatment was to be designed for the lower 20 floors cladding a concrete shear wall and mechanical louvers. Engineering and design had to be balanced with the client's desire to streamline maintenance issues for the tallest office building in the western hemisphere. The scope of the podium fa&ccedil;ade treatment includes over 12.000 m2 in total area with more than 4.000 glass fins each free spanning 4m in height between attachments. Various glass fin-metal connection details were evaluated for aesthetic and performance criteria.
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Horr, A., S. Asadsajadi, and M. Safi. "Design of concrete cooling tower structures with imperfection using ANN-based simulator." In Natural Draught Cooling Towers. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17001-24.
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Ribeiro, Catão, Heitor Nogueira, and Cláudio Watanabe. "Design of two curve cable stayed bridges with overlapping decks supported by a single “X” shape tower." In Tailor Made Concrete Structures. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828410.ch193.
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Harte, R., M. Andres, E. Mahran, and R. Wörmann. "High performance concrete and its consequences on design, stability and durability of cooling tower shells." In Natural Draught Cooling Towers. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17001-35.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Concrete tower design"
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Akhoondan, Mersedeh, Jay Pastor, Brien Clark, and Graham Bell. "Cathodic Protection Retrofit for Rehabilitation of Aging Reinforced Concrete Municipal Water Infrastructure: A Case Study." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13002.
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Abstract Reinforced concrete towers in a water reservoir contain gates and the equipment to control the water entering the system. Any interruption in the operation of these towers may cause a huge disruption in the municipal water distribution system. Continuous operation in an aggressive environment often contributes to corrosion of aging water infrastructure. A failure due to corrosion would necessitate extensive repair or replacement costs and unacceptable system downtime. This paper presents a case study focused on a comprehensive condition assessment and corrosion mitigation of an aging forebay outlet tower in Southern California. The inspected tower - in operation since 1941 - is a crucial structure in a water distribution system serving most of the 19 million people in Southern California. The tower illustrated significant concrete deterioration and corrosion of the reinforcement above the operating water surface elevation. An impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system was designed and installed on the tower to extend the life of the structure. Field activities and ICCP installation were dictated by restricted shutdown schedules and operational constraints. The paper addresses the methodology for condition assessment and cathodic protection design as well as challenges encountered due to schedule/operational constraints.
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Carlson, Christopher W. "Design Considerations for a Fiberglass, Field Erected, Closed-Circuit Cooling Tower." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98456.
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Abstract The paper contains a review of the major design differences between closed-circuit cooling towers in which the air and water streams flow essentially parallel and other more conventional field erected cooling products used for steam condensing, water cooling and other heat rejection applications. Guidelines for the selection of composite and non-composite materials of construction are presented. The structural design considerations for dead, wind and vibrational loads and those required for field erection are offered based on the experience obtained by constructing what is believed to be the world’s first fiberglass, field built, closed-circuit cooling tower. The technical review of the various design considerations is supplemented by the author’s practical experience with installations constructed of pultruded fiberglass composites, steel and concrete which provides a unique practical perspective to this paper.
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Chaudhary, Zia, and Reyadh Al-Ibrahim. "Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Cooling Tower in Petrochemical Plant." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03308.
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Abstract Severe deterioration of a reinforced concrete cooling tower, which comprised pre-cast columns, beams, wall panels, and slab panels was noticed during the last few years. A diagnostic survey was conducted to identify the cause and extent of deterioration. The concrete deterioration was very advanced in some areas, particularly on the external side of the end walls and posing a safety hazard to plant personal. Internally, the level of defects was very low with only minor patches of delamination and cracks. Both chloride and sulfate ions were present in the concrete cover at rebar depth well in excess of their threshold levels. About 12% of the half-cell potential results indicated high (90%) corrosion risk and 53% of the results exhibited medium (50%) corrosion risk in all tested areas of the structure. The investigations concluded that deterioration of concrete has occurred mainly due to chloride- induced corrosion of the steel reinforcement. Patch repair and cathodic protection (CP) repair method was recommended to arrest the ongoing corrosion of the steel reinforcement. The CP system design, installation, and initial commissioning results are also described and discussed.
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Chaudhary, Zia, Fahad M. Al-Mutlaq, and Ali A. Al-Beed. "Condition Assessment and Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Cooling Tower." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08301.
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Abstract Investigations were conducted to assess condition and determine root cause of the ongoing concrete deterioration of the cooling tower. The beams, columns, wall panels of end walls, roof slab, bund wall, and louvers, were visually exhibiting severe concrete deterioration in many areas across the entire structure. In some areas, the concrete deterioration was very advanced and posing serious threat to integrity of the structure. Chloride had penetrated to full depth of the concrete cover in concentrations significantly higher than threshold level. Electrochemical measurements showed that the reinforcing steel was actively corroding under the sound concrete in &gt;50% areas of the entire structure. The visual condition of the exposed steel and the survey results concluded that the deterioration of concrete resulted due to chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel. There was no risk of carbonation-induced corrosion of steel and sulfate attack on concrete. Patch repair and cathodic protection (CP) repair method was recommended to arrest the ongoing corrosion of the steel reinforcement. The CP system design, installation, and initial commissioning and monitoring results are also described and discussed.
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Li, Zhengfa, Desheng Zhou, Rui Wang, Haiyan Li, and Jian Yang. "Design and Realization of Remote Real-Time Monitoring of Tower Concrete Curing Environment." In 2024 International Conference on Ubiquitous Communication (Ucom). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ucom62433.2024.10695902.
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Chaudhary, Zia, and Fahad Al-Mutlaq. "Preventing Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Seawater Cooling Tower and Basins." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05890.
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Abstract Cathodic prevention is a proven technique for preventing corrosion of reinforcing steel in new reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride containing environments. Premature deterioration and failure of seawater reinforced concrete structures due to chloride-induced corrosion of the reinforcing steel has been a serious concern in industrial plants in Arabian Gulf countries which uses seawater as cooling system for removing exothermic heat generated during process. In a new petrochemical plant, reinforced concrete seawater cooling tower and associated basins were constructed with built-in cathodic prevention (CP) systems to prevent corrosion of the steel reinforcement from day one. The CP system design and installation details are described. The anode system consisted of mixed metal oxide (MMO) coated titanium mesh anode ribbon and titanium conductor bar. The CP systems have now been in operation for 5 years and their performance in meeting the specified criteria and their design objectives is described and discussed. A remote monitoring system with unique features has been designed and installed for CP system monitoring, assessment and adjustment remotely.
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Swain, Geoffrey W., Eldon R. Muller, and Daniel R. Polly. "The Design and Installation of a Cathodic Protection System for the Living Seas, Epcot Center." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94495.
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Abstract The Living Seas at EPCOT Center is a 5.7 million gallon sea water aquarium constructed from reinforced concrete. The design of a sacrificial magnesium cathodic protection system to remediate corrosion of the Main Tank wall and Aeration Tower has required an understanding of its impact on the marine life, sea water chemistry and other structures in the aquarium. This has been achieved by an ongoing research project and the application of a recently developed method (Reinforcement Inspection System for Concrete) that can measure the magnitude and direction of current flow at submerged concrete surfaces.
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Sjah, Jessica, Michael Loreantz Steven Tambunan, and Ayomi Dita Rarasati. "Evaluating the Impact of Skybridge on the Analysis, Design, and BIM Integration of a Multi-Tower Structure: A Case Study in Laboratory Building Construction." In The 6th International Symposium on Infrastructure Development. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ep5v2d.
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A well-designed structure that goes through proper construction stages will reduce the risk of losses that may be apparent in construction work. Consequently, the development of BIM technology becomes a solution for achieving it through the ability of information integration that it offers. In this study, analysis and design of a multi-tower structure are conducted with BIM usage during the design process. The study is carried out by redesigning two structures that have been separately designed previously, namely Tower Laboratory and Hangar Laboratory, with a skybridge connecting them. The study is started by joining both structures without any changes in element sizes to compare the changes in the structural behavior consistently. The study is then continued by doing design evaluations on the connected structure with response spectrum and time history analyses. BIM integration is then used to obtain concrete and bar volumes necessary for cost calculations. The results show that two separate structures will have changes in their dynamic behaviors when they are connected, which will affect their design especially in resisting lateral forces like earthquake load. Conclusively, a maximum change of 27,96% for Tower Laboratory and 31.77% for Hangar Laboratory was found when the two structures are subjected to Kocaeli ground motion with skybridge connecting them. Efficiency of total structural cost by 2.2047% was achieved for Tower Laboratory and 0.5523% for Hangar Laboratory with the use of time history analysis. Further, this study shows the potential of BIM in helping structural designs process despite its imperfections and further developments needed.
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Zerin, A. I., H. T. Khuyen, H. Uchibori, R. Chamila, H. Shinozaki, and A. Kasuga. "Conceptual Design of an 800m Span Inverted Extradosed Suspension Bridge Incorporating Prestressed Concrete Butterfly Web Girder." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.1142.
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<p>A long-span concrete box girder bridge with inverted hybrid extradosed suspension system incorporating moderate tower height has been proposed to reduce variation of stresses in cables and to enhance aerodynamic stability of the structure. In this inverted system, the earth anchored suspension cable is rigidly clamped to the deck and the extradosed cables along with deck prestressing are applied to stiffen the central part of the concrete girder. Parametric studies are conducted regarding varying main cable sag and existence of rigid clamp applying variable live loads in context of cable fatigue design. Finally, an efficient inverted hybrid cable system along with butterfly web concrete deck sections are determined based on the serviceability limit state incorporating construction stage and variable live loads for cable fatigue design.</p>
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Chaudhary, Zia, Saad Awad Al-Shehri, Fallatah Baker, Abduh Hakami, and Tahir Iqbal. "Deterioration and Rehabilitation of a Newly Built Pre-Cast Reinforced Concrete Seawater Cooling Tower." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10124.
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Abstract The support structure of the seawater cooling tower (CT) comprised of pre-cast columns, beams, and slab panels and in-situ cast foundations and pedestals. Several leaks appeared across the entire support structure in the high density polyethylene (HDPE) liner that was laid over the slab panels to contain seawater. About 40% of the slab panels, beams, and columns were contaminated with seawater. Thick salt deposits covering large areas were visible at several locations. The 2005 condition survey results showed, chloride ion content at the rebar depth in well excess of the threshold limit, 95% corrosion probability and very high corrosion rates, i.e. &gt;1 uA/cm2 in 60% of the tested areas. But no sign of concrete cracking were visible or noted in 2005 survey, however by 2007, cracks appeared on almost all the slab panels, beams, and columns that were seawater contaminated. Chemical analysis and electrochemical measurement results from 2007 condition survey also showed that chloride content at the rebar level across the entire structure was 2 to 3 times higher than threshold limit and steel was actively corroding underneath the sound concrete, which if not arrested would lead to further cracking of concrete elements. Rehabilitation of the CT has been in progress (in 3 phases), which included complete replacement of the slab panels with new cast in-situ slab constructed with built-in cathodic prevention system. Patch repairs of all deteriorated columns and beams and then installation of cathodic protection (CP) system to arrest reinforcing steel corrosion. The paper describes and discusses the condition survey results, cathodic prevention and protection system design, installation, and initial commissioning and monitoring results.
Reports on the topic "Concrete tower design"
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LaNier, M. W. LWST Phase I Project Conceptual Design Study: Evaluation of Design and Construction Approaches for Economical Hybrid Steel/Concrete Wind Turbine Towers; June 28, 2002 -- July 31, 2004. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15011444.
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BUCKLING BEHAVIOUR OF THE STEEL PLATE IN STEEL – CONCRETE – STEEL SANDWICH COMPOSITE TOWER FOR WIND TURBINE. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.3.7.
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To solve the problem of collapses caused by local buckling of steel plates under compression in traditional steel towers, a novel steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich composite tower for a wind turbine is proposed in this paper. To study the buckling behaviour of steel plates in SCS sandwich composite towers, six specimens were designed and tested under axial compression. The specimens were designed considering the key parameters of curvature radius, thickness of the steel plate, and the spacing-to-thickness ratio (the ratio of stud spacing to the thickness of steel plate). The failure modes, normalised average stress-strain curves and load-strain curves of the specimens were assessed, and the effects of the curvature radius and the spacing-to-thickness ratio of the steel plate were analysed. The experimental results showed that the buckling strength of the steel plate increased with a decrease in the ratio of the curvature radius to the thickness of the steel plate. The finite element (FE) model of the elastic buckling stress of the steel plate of the SCS sandwich composite tower was employed and validated against the test results. In parametric study, the effects of governing parameters including the curvature radius of the steel plate, thickness of the steel plate and spacing of the studs, on the effective length factors of the inner and outer steel plates were analysed. Subsequently, the design rules of the effective length factor of the inner and outer steel plates, and the design methods of spacing of studs to prevent local instability of the inner and outer steel plates before yielding were proposed.
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Low Wind Speed Technology Phase I: Evaluation of Design and Construction Approaches for Economical Hybrid Steel/Concrete Wind Turbine Towers; BERGER/ABAM Engineers Inc. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/878490.
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