Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Concurrence monopolistique'
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Darreau, Philippe. "Concurrence monopolistique et coûts fixes d'ajustement des prix." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0410.
Full textKeynesian price rigidity (chapter 0) is interpreted within the framework of a monopolistic competition model (chapter 1) and is optimalized by ss price policies with fixed costs of price adjustment. The inefficiency of monopolistic general equilibrium (chapter 3) is a problem of coordination which is analyzed as an externality of price determination affecting the aggregate demand. In the event of a monetary shock, the questions which must be considered are the coordination of adjustment decisions and the complementarity of strategies. The calculation (chapter 4) of two nash equilibriums of intertemporal price adjustment leads to consider the money non neutrality as a problem of intertemporal coordination of decisions. Effects on the welfare (chapter 5) of price adjustment are more important in bunching than in staggering
Lalanne, Bertin. "Analyse économique de l'efficacité des sanctions antitrust." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10060.
Full textParenti, Mathieu. "De la concurrence monopolistique à oligopolistique : une application au commerce international." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010009.
Full textAbcha, Ali. "Équilibres multiples, concurrence imparfaite et politiques publiques." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100061.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the literature on coordination failures that can occur in the presence of increasing returns in economies with imperfect competition type monopolistic. We will also focus on the non-optimality of the equilibria. Then we are led to study the implementation of economic policy. In fact, public policies can change the number of equilibria in an endogenous growth model. In this thesis, we show that in a growth model with monopolistic competition the existence of externalities not internalized by the agents can result in a multiplicity of equilibria. Government intervention in the economy can have an impact on this multiplicity by the management of externalities and adverse effects of imperfect competition. However inefficient public intervention can make the economy converge to a suboptimal equilibrium. To this end, our theoretical modeling is to develop a macroeconomic model for a closed economy that has a perfectly competitive sector of final goods and a sector of monopolistically competitive intermediate goods. We simulate the model to identify the effects of a public policy. Finally, in an econometric application, we estimate the impact of public spending on the mark-up and the level of competition
Taha, Bassam. "Eléments d'histoire de la théorie de la concurrence imparfaite : monopole et oligopole (1838 - 1940)." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOE009.
Full textBetween 1838 and 1940, the theories of monopoly and oligopoly encountered numerous developments. Studying this period shows that the research by the French economist A. A. Cournot (1838) had a great utility for economics in general and for the theory of imperfect competition in particular. Cournot elaborated the fundamental principles of the theory of monopoly and of oligopoly. He introduced an analytical method in economics to better analyse its problematics. For filty years, his method was descredited. Then a return to his ideas became imperative. Despite cirticisme of his work, economist such as Bertrand, Edgewoth, Walras, Parato, Marshall, Schumpeter, Amoroso and many others paid him great homage. Cournot's theories of monopoly and oligopoly were taken up and studied and greatly influenced his successors. Other debates have been developed within the historical framework of our investigators, notably the theories of natural monopoly and price discrimination, the "Cournot-Bertrand" debate concerning the strategic variable used in the case of a duopoly and finally the theory of coalitions (cartels, trusts, mergers, etc)
Guicherd, Thibault. "Essai sur la genèse de la théorie de la concurrence monopolistique d' Edward H. Chamberlin." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2148.
Full textThis thesis studies the genesis of Edward H. Chamberlin’s monopolistic competition theory. The originality of our work is based on a detailed story, emancipating itself from the usual approach which considers our author’s work and J. Robinson’s imperfect competition as alike without questioning their differences. The thesis develops the version given by Chamberlin in which he insists on the importance of duopoly and product differentiation along with the independence between his theory and the English post-Marshallian debate. Thanks to the study of his Ph. D thesis, which embodies the first version of monopolistic competition, the study of unpublished essays and correspondence and his published writings, we provide new elements sometimes attesting Chamberlin’s version and sometimes moderating its relevance. Specific attention has been given to the duopoly question and its role in monopolistic competition theory
Mansouri, Yassine Gilles Philippe Boismery Hervé. "La localisation des activités productives Les tentions entre forces centrifuges et forces centripètes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326119/fr.
Full textRoy, Pierre. "Les stratégies de perturbation du jeu concurrentiel : déterminants, modalités et implications pour les firmes dominantes." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON10044.
Full textSékia, Farid. "Le développement régional à la lumière de la nouvelle théorie de la croissance." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL12014.
Full textRestout, Romain. "Les modèles d'équilibre général dynamiques à deux secteurs en économie ouverte." Lyon, École normale supérieure lettres et sciences humaines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENSF0060.
Full textDynamic general equilibrium models with two sectors (traded goods and non traded goods) have emerged as a wokhorse for the analysis of a small open economy and provide a suitable framework to understand implications and transmission mechanism of economic policies. Armed with the continuous time two-sector model developed by Turnovsky and Sen [1995] (see description in Chapter 1), the present essays explore in detail critical issues in international macroeconomics : temporary fiscal policies (Chapter 2), tax reforms (Chapter 3) and sectoral inflation dynamics (Chapter 4). The dissertation's main objective is twofold : to provide new theoretical and empirical insights on the three aforementioned issues and to show that our two-sector framework is well suited for dealing these complex issues. In order to obtain consistent results, different tools are used throughout this dissertation : construction of tractable dynamic general equilibrium models, numerical simulations and econometric analysis. Overall, the introduction of non traded goods in a dynamic general equilibrium models for a small open economy used for policy analysis not only enhances significantly the realism of those models, but it can also uncover interesting insights that may be relevant for the design of economic policies and helpful to understand the basic mechanisms at work
Fortune, Emmmanuelle. "Croissance endogène, accumulation créatrice et diversité technologique." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0056.
Full textThe incorporation of various aspects of innovation in endogenous growth models results in providing a rich technological change analysis and its consequences on the economic activity. This thesis synthesizes the innovation representation in endogenous growth models and adds to the literature with a broader representation. The analysis is carried out within the endogenous growth framework founded on innovation in which the research and development are carried out by private firms moved by the profit coming from patents. The first three chapters offer at the same time an empirical and a theoretical vision of the innovation process coming from the nature of innovation (chapter 1), the research and development activities (chapter 2) and the impact of market structures on innovation incentives (chapter 3). Lastly, an endogenous growth model (chapter 4) shows a cyclical growth and sectoral differences thanks to a creative accumulation which generates a technological diversity, technologies being able to be ex post general purpose technologies or not
Tregouët, Thomas. "Essais en théorie microéconomique : plateformes, intégration verticale et appariement." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0030.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes several issues related to two-sided markets. First, we provide a survey of the literature on two-sided markets with a focus on competition policy issues. Second, we assess whether vertical integration can help solving the chicken-and-egg coordination problem which arises in two-sided markets. We show that vertical integration may not help solving the chicken-and-egg problem. We also underlines that the coordination value of vertical integration in two-sided markets is closely related to the ability of a platform to commit to its downstream price. Then, we provide a model in which buyers and seIIers can meet both through two-sided platforms and in a decentralized market. We derive platforms' tariffs under monopoly and competition. We show that competition between platforms is less intense when users can meet through a search market. Last, we analyze the trade-off between monopoly and competition in matching markets where one side is exempted from payment. The socially efficient outcome is characterized by an optimal quality provision and an efficient market coverage: matched agents are matched assortatively and ail agents find a partner. Under monopoly, most agents are matched assortatively, but some of them are mismatched. Under competition, matched agents are matched efficiently, but some of them remain unmatched
Ennasri, Ahmed. "Incitations optimales dans un contexte de concurrence entre agences." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10068/document.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes the effects of the competition on the managerial incentives and effort. The dissertation is made of three essays, each dealing with a particular aspect of the general setting. Firstly, based on a model, we focus on the compensation schemes and the effort level of the manager in equilibrium. We examine the effects of a firm entry on the monopolistic market on these schemes and on the effort level. In this model we then introduce an additional assumption that managers are averse to inequity. We show that the firm entry affects negatively both the incentive compensation and the effort level. Furthermore, the firm has to propose a high compensation so as to implement the same effort level if the manager is inequity averse. Secondly, we test the theoretical predictions of these models in the laboratory. We confirm that the firm entry reduces the incentive compensation. In return, the manager continues to supply the same effort level in spite of the reduction of the incentive compensation. Finally, we implement, in a new experiment, the competition between the managers. We show that the competition allows the firm to reduce the compensation for her manager in the duopoly environment. Furthermore, the manager compares his compensation to the firm's profit and to the other manager's compensation. These comparisons have significant effects on the manager's level of effort
Erkel-Rousse, Hélène. "Commerce international et différenciation de produit : modélisation théorique et applications empiriques." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010049.
Full textLimardi, Michela. "Politiques commerciales, gouvernement et régulation non-étatique des normes internationales du travail et de l'environnement." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010033.
Full textBas, Anne-Charlotte. "Le marché de soins bucco-dentaires en France." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED035/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the difficulties to access dental care in the semi-regulated French market. The analysis targets the financial barrier of access to dental care and so the role and the mechanism of price setting. The first part gives the background of the French dental care delivery and shows that the profession of dental surgeons is particularly isolated in the French sanitary domain. In the second part we identify the decisive factors of the dental care access. We show that the free preventive program for the children Lov'Ur'Teeth was used only by the wealthiest and affected little the most disadvantaged households, which need it much more. The decisive impact of the social support in access to dental care is also a strong result in our second empirical study. The primary access to the dental treatment presents the main barrier of access. When people overcome this difficulty, they mostly continue the ensuing necessary treatments, that could be very expensive. Following these results, we focused in the role of the price. We showed that the more the prosthetic prices are high, the more is the renunciation for these cares. According to our works, the intensity of the competition impacts negatively the price setting, contrary to the demand's solvency. The prices between competitors are also strategic complements. That are many potential factors to be regulated to fight against the dental unmet need and the resulting social health inequalities
Chiroleu-Assouline, Mireille. "L'insertion de propriétés d'offre dans les modèles macroéconométriques." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010032.
Full textWith a view to omprovin the short-term supply properties of macroeconometric models, the first part of this thesis highlights their inability ot take account of supply shocks. The channels through which such shocks are intermediated are defined and their influence on the behaviour of the model is quantified systematically by application of structural shocks to the silene model. We present also some external hypotheses used by the modellers to compensate for shortcomings in the way models describe supply shocks. Improvement of the production bloc of the models is the ntural way to include new supply behaviours. The first approach to the problem is the one suggested by helliwell, who assumes that the reaction of firms to demand or costs shocks is to play simultaneously upon the intensity of utilization and on their inventories and prices. We demonstrate the thoretical shortcomings of helliwell's model, which is ad-hoc formulated and not entirely consistent. Econometric tests carreid out using french data fail to prove its empirical relevance. We conclude by developing a model inspired by both the helliwell and nadiri-rosen models, based on an intertemporal programme of production decisions with rational expectations and demand uncertainty in monopolistic competition. The relatively good results of econometric estimates (using the gmm method) illustrate the relevance of the approach adopted
Mansouri, Yassine. "La localisation des activités productives : les tensions entre forces centrifuges et forces centripètes." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326119.
Full textWallez, Philippe. "Local and regional information in the age of electronic media : a comparative study (United States - France)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0557.
Full textDue to concentration, in the United States and France, competition is about to be eradicated in the local and metropolitan newspaper industry. Some scholars regret the lack of pluralism which is historically the function of the press in a representative democracy. Pluralism is highly regulated by the states, but laws could not prevent concentration. Economists are divided about the impact of concentration regarding business. Some point out that circulation has dropped in newly monopolistic areas. But they do not provide the undoubtedly proof of a correlation between those two facts. Economies of scale and financial benefits (price-fixing) of a monopolistic position may justify concentration on an economic level. Some companies have enjoyed double-digit profit while in a monopolistic position. But this time is over. The emergence of the Internet has generated a highly competitive market regarding advertising and news business. Our topic is thus not lamenting the good old days of competition, but it is pioneering. In the United States, many start-ups, mostly non-profit, challenge the legacy regional and metropolitan newsgroups the same way that already big groups do nationwide, such as Buzzfeed or Quartz or Vox. Entrepreneurs, in a Schumpeterian meaning, strive to replace stagecoach owners and build the railways of the future. The trend is much less clear in the French case.Our research wants to assert that marketing and full editorial competition still boosts circulation and business (Brittany in France) and is an unavoidable rendezvous for the legacy groups in the digital news era because they are forced to abandon the corporate culture of the past
Lehmann, Marjorie. "L'accès aux réseaux de distribution publique d'électricité en France métropolitaine." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAA035.
Full textThe evolution of the internal electricity market in France is following the wave of liberalization at the instigation of the European Union law. However, the electricity distribution system is maintained under the monopoly of the national historical operators. Even if this situation seems questionable, the current system, under the control of the national regulator, is satisfactory, allows third parties to access to the distribution networks under transparent and non discriminatory conditions and assures tariff equalization essential to the balance between territories. In addition, the management of the electrical network is provided consistently at an appropriate scale allowing mutualisation of infrastructure costs and ensuring the role of local authorities. An opening to competition of the activity would result in a more complex system and would present only a very limited impact in tenns of better pricing. In any case, it would imply an overhaul of the established system
Alamri, Thanwa. "Le droit de la concurrence et les pratiques monopolistiques : étude comparative des droits saoudien, français et européen." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D020.
Full textSaudi Arabia's recent adhesion to the World Trade Organization (WTO) has created a pressing necessity to develop and conform its judiciary system to the high liberalism of global commerce. Including the adoption of a law favoring the protection of market competition and the prevention of monopolizing practices, in the context of the Saudi Competition Act N° (M/24) of 11111 of February 2014. This law seeks to enforce two important regulations. The first is to maintain the competitive practices and behavior of businesses actively participating in the market by disallowing anti-competitive agreements, as well as the abuse of power that certain dominant companies in the market may be guilty of by not employing competitive practices. The second regulation is the preservation of the structure of the industry market by managing and thereby limiting company policies seeking to concentrate operations, as it is natural that companies seek to manage their market development and as such limit the effects of anti-competitive concentration policies to ensure freedom of competition. While studying these practices in the Saudi Competition Act, insufficiency and negligence has been determined on multiple items mentioned and described in the French and European competition laws, as such the researcher judges it necessary to fill the gaps of these lacking areas in the Saudi legislation. This study also comprises three types of judiciary action in competition law
Ranaivoson, Heritiana. "Diversité de la production et structure de marché : Le cas de l'industrie musicale." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258246.
Full textGrâce à notre définition, nous construisons un ensemble d'indices approprié à la mesure de la diversité de la production de l'industrie musicale. Nous appliquons ces indices à une analyse statistique sur 74 pays entre 1980 et 2005. Nous mettons en avant les déterminants de cette diversité, en premier lieu les variables socio-économiques et démographiques. Nous montrons également l'existence de contradictions internes à la diversité de la production, entre ses différents aspects.
Une discussion de nature normative conclut ce travail. Elle porte d'abord sur les raisons mêmes de la promotion de la diversité culturelle, d'abord du point de vue de l'utilité pour le consommateur, ensuite dans la mesure où elle englobe la diversité des identités. Nous analysons enfin l'impact de politiques soit spécifiquement conçues pour protéger la diversité culturelle, comme celle des quotas de radiodiffusion de chanson francophone, soit générales : celle de la concurrence et la propriété intellectuelle. Nous montrons ainsi comment la diversité culturelle est en train de devenir un objectif d'envergure mondiale.
Yang, Wen. "Internationalisation des entreprises chinoises." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA048.
Full textSince the implementation of the policy of reform and opening, China has a great success in attracting foreign investment. It has become the third largest investor country. Chinese FDI are distributed in most of the world's countries and regions. The sectorial distribution is increasingly expanded. There are various decisive factors of the internationalization of Chinese enterprises, as China's economic growth, the development strategy and overall business integration, the search for new markets, for creative assets, etc. The Chinese companies have their own competitive advantages, such as the technologies, the resources from the origin country. Chinese companies do their choices of internationalization models based on their strategies, their stages of development, their motivations and their international organization skills. The different problems are shown and analyzed by a case study of YTO France
Gélinas, Isabelle. "Le régime des télécommunications en Amérique du Nord : d'un modèle monopolistique à un modèle concurrentiel." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/865/1/M10081.pdf.
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