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Journal articles on the topic 'Condition de bonne formation'
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1
Deslauriers, Jean-Martin, Luc Lacroix, and Louis La Grenade. "La condition masculine et la formation universitaire de base en travail social : une innovation à l’UQAH." Nouvelles pratiques sociales 11, no. 1 (January 28, 2008): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/301429ar.
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Résumé Dans cet article, les auteurs décrivent et surtout démontrent la pertinence de la mise sur pied d'un cours portant sur la condition masculine et les pratiques sociales dans une formation universitaire de base en travail social. Ils soulignent l'importance d'offrir aux travailleuses et aux travailleurs sociaux en devenir l'occasion de développer une réflexion rigoureuse sur la condition masculine afin de pouvoir contribuer dans leurs éventuelles pratiques sociales professionnelles à résoudre de façon efficace des problèmes émergeant, pour une bonne part, de l'évolution des rapports sociaux de sexe dans nos sociétés postmodernes. Ils donnent un bref aperçu des premiers résultats de cette expérience pédagogique innovatrice.
2
Jia, Li Hua, Mamtimin Gheni, Hazirti Eli, Xamxinur Abdikerem, and Masanori Kikuchi. "Bone Formation Based on the Turing Model under Compressed Loading Condition." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.1011.
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In this paper, the iBone (Imitation Bone) model which is coupled with Turing reaction-diffusion system and FEM, is used. The numerical simulation of bone forming process by considering the osteoclasts and osteoblasts process are conducted. The results shown, that the bone mass is increased with increase of the initial load value, then fibula and femur bones are obtained respectively by keeping the required bone forming value. The different bone shapes are obtained by changing the both bone keeping value and the compressing force value. When set larger bone keeping value by keeping larger constant compressing force value, bone shape as a pipe with hole just like femur, when set smaller bone keeping value by keeping the smaller constant compressing force value, it is close to solid pillar as like fibula.
3
Chen, Yun, Arthur F. T. Mak, and Min Wang. "Formation of Apatite within Biodegradable Scaffolds by an Accelerated Biomimetic Process in the Shaking Condition and Flow Condition." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 1213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.1213.
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Bonelike apatite coating was formed on poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) scaffolds in 24 hours through an accelerated biomimetic process. The ion concentrations in the simulated body fluid (SBF) were nearly 5 times of those in human blood plasma. The apatite formed in 5SBF was similar in morphology and composition to that formed in the classical biomimetic process employing SBF or 1.5SBF, and similar to that of natural bone. To facilitate coating into scaffolds, the flowing condition was introduced into the accelerated biomimetic process. It was found that the accelerated biomimetic process performed in the flowing condition yielded more uniform spatial distribution of apatite particles than that in the regular shaking condition.
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Wang, Ying Jun, Chun Rong Yang, Hua De Zheng, Xiao Feng Chen, Cheng Yun Ning, Li Ren, and Chun Lin Deng. "Bone-Like Apatite Formation on Modified PCL Surfaces under Different Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.671.
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The PCL plates hydrolyzed by NaOH aqueous solutions and carboxylate groups were introduced onto the surfaces of specimen. Specimens were treated by CaCl2 and K2HPO4⋅3H2O under the normal-pressure condition and low-pressure of 103 Pa condition for 30min separately. Dense and uniform bone-like layers could be formed on the surface of specimens after mineralizing for less than 24h in simulated body fluids (SBF). The low-pressure condition could accelerate the formation of apatite layer.
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Fontoura, Cristian Padilha, Melissa Machado Rodrigues, Charlene Silvestrin Celi Garcia, Klester dos Santos Souza, João Antonio Pêgas Henriques, Janete Eunice Zorzi, Mariana Roesch-Ely, and Cesar Aguzzoli. "Hollow cathode plasma nitriding of medical grade Ti6Al4V: A comprehensive study." Journal of Biomaterials Applications 35, no. 3 (June 22, 2020): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885328220935378.
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Ti6Al4V used in biomedical applications still has several surface-related problems, such as poor bone compatibility and low wear resistance. In this work, the formation of a protective layer of titanium nitride obtained by plasma treatment in hollow cathode was studied, and the best experimental conditions were verified by a statistical factorial design of experiments. The samples were characterized in terms of their physical and chemical properties, correlating the effects of time (min) and temperature (°C). An achieved ideal condition was further analysed in terms of in vitro cytotoxicity, micro-abrasion, and electrochemical properties. The carried-out assessment has shown that nitrided condition has an improvement in wettability, microhardness, along with TixNy formation and roughness increment, when compared to pristine condition.
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Lee, Te Chuan, Maizlinda Izwana Idris, and Hasan Zuhudi Abdullah. "Effect of UV Light Treatment Condition on Apatite Formation of Anodised Titanium." Advanced Materials Research 1125 (October 2015): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.460.
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A novel method to accelerate the apatite formation on the anodised titanium is proposed in this article. The processing was composed of two steps which were UV light treatment after anodic oxidation, and UV light illumination during simulated body fluid (SBF). This study aims to investigate the effect of UV light treatment condition on the apatite formation of anodised titanium. The titanium foils were anodised in mixture of β-glycerophosphate disodium salt pentahydrate (β-GP) and calcium acetate monohydrate (CA). UV light treatment was conducted in pH-adjusted distilled water (pH 1, 4, 7 and 11) for 12 hours. Next, SBF was carried out by illuminating with UV lamp for 1 week. Anodised titanium foils were characterised by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and goniometer. The results showed that donut-shaped were formed on the surface of anodised titanium. The surface of anodised titanium became more hydrophilic after UV-treated in acidic and alkaline condition. After UV light illumination in SBF for 1 week, the anodised titanium foils which UV-treated in acidic condition presented more crystalline bone-like apatite on the surface.
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TALLET, Céline, Valérie COURBOULAY, Nicolas DEVILLERS, Marie-Christine MEUNIER-SALAÜN, Armelle PRUNIER, and Avelyne VILLAIN. "Mieux connaître le comportement du porc pour une bonne relation avec les humains en élevage." INRAE Productions Animales 33, no. 2 (September 15, 2020): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2020.33.2.4474.
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La relation entre les porcs et les humains est au centre de l’élevage et est un des piliers du bien-être animal. L’humain, par son comportement et ses choix de pratiques, de conditions de logement et de gestion du troupeau va influencer l’état mental de ses animaux. Cette synthèse propose un bilan des travaux sur la relation humain-animal en élevage porcin. Les pratiques et les modes d’élevage ont un impact sur la relation à l’humain. Certaines pratiques sont source de douleur et de peur pour les porcelets, et provoquent des réactions ultérieures de peur vis-à-vis des humains, même inconnus. Inversement, des pratiques ayant pour but de développer une relation de proximité diminuent la peur des humains et favorisent une relation de confiance. En effet, les interactions humaines modifient le comportement des porcs. La présence humaine suffit à habituer un porcelet aux humains, même quelques minutes par jour. Parler aux animaux est primordial, y compris in utero. Les porcelets apprécient les contacts tactiles doux, caresses ou grattages. L’humain, ainsi associé à des interactions positives, prend une valeur positive, ce qui permet d’instaurer un climat de confiance et peut susciter des émotions positives favorables au bien-être animal. Créer une bonne relation en élevage est donc essentiel. Ceci sera bénéfique non seulement au bien-être des porcs, mais aussi à la sécurité et la satisfaction au travail des éleveurs. Cela nécessite de mieux connaître le comportement des porcs pour davantage le prendre en compte. Le conseil et la formation aux éleveurs doivent intégrer ces connaissances.
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Koontz, John T., Guillaume T. Charras, and Robert E. Guldberg. "A Microstructural Finite Element Simulation of Mechanically Induced Bone Formation." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 123, no. 6 (June 7, 2001): 607–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1406951.
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A finite element method to simulate the formation of an interconnected trabecular bone microstructure oriented with respect to applied in vivo mechanical forces is introduced and quantitatively compared to experimental data from a hydraulic bone chamber implant model. Randomly located 45 μm mineralized nodules were used as the initial condition for the model simulations to represent an early stage of intramembranous bone formation. Boundary conditions were applied consistent with the mechanical environment provided by the in vivo bone chamber model. A two-dimensional repair simulation algorithm that incorporated strain energy density (SED), SED gradient, principal strain, or principal strain gradient as the local objective criterion was utilized to simulate the formation of an oriented trabecular bone microstructure. The simulation solutions were convergent, unique, and relatively insensitive to the assumed initial distribution of mineralized nodules. Model predictions of trabecular bone morphology and anisotropy were quantitatively compared to experimental results. All simulations produced structures that qualitatively resembled oriented trabecular bone. However, only simulations utilizing a gradient objective criterion yielded results quantitatively similar to in vivo observations. This simulation approach coupled with an experimental model that delivers controlled in vivo mechanical stimuli can be utilized to study the relationship between physical factors and microstructural adaptation during bone repair.
9
Yu, Sinyoung. "A Study on The Minimum Exposure Dose For Image Formation In X-Ray Imaging of Extremity." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 6 (April 10, 2021): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i6.1882.
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Excellent performance of the digital detector can generate medical images at a lower dose. However, if a certain level of dose exposure of the sensor detector can generate an image to recognize it.
In this study, the exposure conditions of the forearm, femur, and ankle joint tests currently used in clinical trials were tested with lower doses. The resolution pattern was analyzed using the Image J program, and the results were obtained by analyzing the Interactive 3D Surface Plot. In addition, by measuring the surface dose and absorbed dose, the digital detector finds the minimum conditions to make an image, and also checks the effect of dose reduction.
The image of the obtained resolution pattern was analyzed by Plot profile using Image J program. It was confirmed that the gray value width decreased at the same pixel distance as the exposure conditions decreased. Even if the exposure conditions were lowered from step 1 to step 4, which is the standard condition of the forearm test, the resolution showed no difference at 1.4 Lp/mm.
In the Interactive 3D Surface Plot, as the range of the gray scale lowered the exposure condition, the shape of the surface contours gradually became blurred and the contrast of black and white shades decreased. The resolution from step 1 to step 3, which is the standard condition of the femur bone test, was 1.2 Lp/mm, indicating no difference. Even if the exposure conditions were lowered from step 1 to step 4, which is the standard condition for ankle examination, the resolution showed no difference at 1.4 Lp/mm.
It is thought that it is necessary to accumulate a lot of data by further subdividing the stage of exposure conditions according to the thickness in more areas.
10
Colmanetti, Alexandre, Kleber Fernando Pereira, and Renato Paulo Chopard. "New bone formation in the female rabbit tibia." Brazilian Oral Research 18, no. 3 (September 2004): 224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242004000300008.
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The current study aims to evaluate the new bone formation in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) grafts inserted into the tibia of ten female rabbits. The animals were submitted to oophorectomy in order to induce an osteopenic condition and densitometrically analyzed at the beginning of the experiment, at three months and at seven months. During the 16 weeks of osseointegration, the animals were submitted to subcutaneous injections of three bone markers at one-week intervals, four weeks for each. Before the third densitometric analysis, the animals were sacrificed and material was collected for histological evaluation, in which osteoid formations and mineralized bone tissue were observed surrounding the grafts, even within the medullary cavity. Only small quantities of new bone were found in the osteopenic animals, indicating the high osteocondutivity of PVP and its efficacy in inducing osteopenia. Among the samples with no graft, a high level of disorganization of the material was observed in the oophorectomized group, confirming the efficacy of oophorectomy.
11
Lemieux, André, Gérald Boutin, and Jean Riendeau. "Les facultés d’éducation des universités traditionnelles et les universités du troisième âge : un modèle de partenariat." Revue des sciences de l'éducation 33, no. 3 (October 2, 2008): 749–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018967ar.
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Résumé Le présent article porte sur un modèle de partenariat que pourraient établir les universités du troisième âge avec les facultés d’éducation des universités, dans le dessein d’offrir aux personnes concernées un meilleur service. La poursuite d’études universitaires représente une voie porteuse, particulièrement si elle se situe dans le cadre des facultés d’éducation et en lien avec les universités du troisième âge. Les auteurs présentent ici un modèle de partenariat entre ces deux instances, inspiré d’une approche pédagogique expérimentée dans de nombreux domaines socio-éducatifs. Ce modèle délimite les rôles des professeurs, formateurs, superviseurs et étudiants dont la mission est, notamment, de créer les conditions d’une bonne coopération entre les instances concernées afin de les rapprocher le plus possible et de leur assurer un fonctionnement maximal. Cet article devrait, en outre, contribuer à mieux cerner la question de l’identité professionnelle des futurs intervenants auprès des personnes du troisième âge, en indiquant comment ils peuvent accéder à une formation théorique et à une formation pratique intégrée et cohérente.
12
Desrochers, Richard. "Le mécanisme des stratégies de réparation en phonotactique générative et la diphtongaison en français montréalais." Revue québécoise de linguistique 23, no. 2 (April 29, 2009): 115–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/603095ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Cet article examine l’action des stratégies de réparation en phonotactique générative, modèle où la phonologie est constituée de conditions de bonne formation et de stratégies de réparation consistant en la substitution, en l’insertion ou en l’effacement d’un segment (et possiblement aussi en l’inversion). Ces conditions (CBF) ne gouvernent que des alternances automatiques et globales; les autres alternances relèvent soit de la morphologie, soit de la stylistique. Dans un premier temps sont examinés des exemples de CBF dans diverses langues afin d’identifier les facteurs qui déterminent le choix de la statégie et de la cible. Ces facteurs semblent être le respect de l’identité phonologique du segment et le caractère minimal de la stratégie. Dans un second temps est proposée une description de la diphtongaison du français montréalais au moyen de l’interaction de diverses CBF.
13
Daswani, Bhavna, and M. Ikram Khatkhatay. "“Omics” Signatures in Peripheral Monocytes from Women with Low BMD Condition." Journal of Osteoporosis 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8726456.
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Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is a result of increased bone resorption compared to formation. Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, which are derived from circulating monocytes that undertake a journey from the blood to the bone for the process of osteoclastogenesis. In recent times, the use of high throughput technologies to explore monocytes from women with low versus high bone density has led to the identification of candidate molecules that may be deregulated in PMO. This review provides a list of molecules in monocytes relevant to bone density which have been identified by “omics” studies in the last decade or so. The molecules in monocytes that are deregulated in low BMD condition may contribute to processes such as monocyte survival, migration/chemotaxis, adhesion, transendothelial migration, and differentiation into the osteoclast lineage. Each of these processes may be crucial to the overall route of osteoclastogenesis and an increase in any/all of these processes can lead to increased bone resorption and subsequently low bone density. Whether these molecules are indeed the cause or effect is an arena currently unexplored.
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Sinyoung Yu. "A study on the minimum transmission dose for image formation in X-ray imaging of forearm, femur and ankle joint." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 24, 2020): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3897.
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Excellent performance of the digital detector can generate medical images at a lower dose. However, if a certain level of dose exposure of the sensor detector can generate an image to recognize it. In this study, the exposure conditions of the forearm, femur, and ankle joint tests currently used in clinical trials were tested with lower doses. The resolution pattern was analyzed using the Image J program, and the results were obtained by analyzing the Interactive 3D Surface Plot. In addition, by measuring the surface dose and absorbed dose, the digital detector finds the minimum conditions to make an image and also checks the effect of dose reduction. The image of the obtained resolution pattern was analyzed by Plot profile using Image J program. It was confirmed that the gray value width decreased at the same pixel distance as the exposure conditions decreased. Even if the exposure conditions were lowered from step 1 to step 4, which is the standard condition of the forearm test, the resolution showed no difference at 1.4 Lp/mm. In the Interactive 3D Surface Plot, as the range of the grayscale lowered the exposure condition, the shape of the surface contours gradually became blurred, and the contrast of black and white shades decreased. The resolution from step 1 to step 3, which is the standard condition of the femur bone test, was 1.2 Lp/mm, indicating no difference. Even if the exposure conditions were lowered from step 1 to step 4, which is the standard condition for ankle examination, the resolution showed no difference at 1.4 Lp/mm. It is thought that it is necessary to accumulate a lot of data by further subdividing the stage of exposure conditions according to the thickness in more areas.
15
Miyazaki, Toshiki, Moriyoshi Imamura, Eiichi Ishida, Masahiro Ashizuka, Chikara Ohtsuki, and Masao Tanihara. "Apatite Formation on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Containing Sulfonic Group." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.725.
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Apatite formation in living body is essential condition for artificial materials to exhibit bone-bonding ability, i.e. bioactivity. It has been recently revealed that sulfonic group triggers apatite nucleation in body environment. Organic-inorganic hybrids consisting of organic polymer and the sulfonic group are therefore expected to be useful for novel bone-repairing materials exhibiting flexibility as well as bioactivity. In the present study, organic-inorganic hybrids were prepared from vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt and hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA), a kind of acrylic polymer. Bioactivity of the hybrids was assessed in vitro by examining their acceptance of apatite formation in simulated body fluid (SBF, Kokubo solution). The obtained hybrids showed the apatite deposition after soaking in SBF within 7 d.
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Reuter, Mark, Arthur Mallett, Bruce M. Pearson, and Arnoud H. M. van Vliet. "Biofilm Formation by Campylobacter jejuni Is Increased under Aerobic Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 7 (February 5, 2010): 2122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01878-09.
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ABSTRACT The microaerophilic human pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. During transmission through the food chain and the environment, the organism must survive stressful environmental conditions, particularly high oxygen levels. Biofilm formation has been suggested to play a role in the environmental survival of this organism. In this work we show that C. jejuni NCTC 11168 biofilms developed more rapidly under environmental and food-chain-relevant aerobic conditions (20% O2) than under microaerobic conditions (5% O2, 10% CO2), although final levels of biofilms were comparable after 3 days. Staining of biofilms with Congo red gave results similar to those obtained with the commonly used crystal violet staining. The level of biofilm formation by nonmotile aflagellate strains was lower than that observed for the motile flagellated strain but nonetheless increased under aerobic conditions, suggesting the presence of flagellum-dependent and flagellum-independent mechanisms of biofilm formation in C. jejuni. Moreover, preformed biofilms shed high numbers of viable C. jejuni cells into the culture supernatant independently of the oxygen concentration, suggesting a continuous passive release of cells into the medium rather than a condition-specific active mechanism of dispersal. We conclude that under aerobic or stressful conditions, C. jejuni adapts to a biofilm lifestyle, allowing survival under detrimental conditions, and that such a biofilm can function as a reservoir of viable planktonic cells. The increased level of biofilm formation under aerobic conditions is likely to be an adaptation contributing to the zoonotic lifestyle of C. jejuni.
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Aljuboori, Mohammed Jasim. "Crestal Bone Regeneration in Defective Bone Implants." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 3, no. 2 (2014): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1079.
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ABSTRACT Implant placement in narrow alveolar bone ridges end with buccal bone dehiscence and implant thread exposure. In this conditions, bone graft need to be placed in a addition to the collagen membrane to cover the dehiscence with primary wound closure. This paper presents an implant case with a medical history of diabetic type II and smoker patient. Implant placed in narrow ridge and three coronal threads of the fixture exposed when the implant torque into the final position. After 3 months healing period, the implant site exposed with complete bone formation and coverage of the threads. From this case, one might conclude that: first the type of the implant surface may enhance bone formation, second the periosteum may contribute in the bone regeneration. Third the medical condition of the patient may has no local influence on the implant site. How to cite this article Aljuboori MJ, Saini R. Crestal Bone Regeneration in Defective Bone Implants. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):95-97.
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Singh, Rajendra. "Vers une théorie phonotactique générative." Revue québécoise de linguistique 19, no. 1 (May 6, 2009): 131–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/602668ar.
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Résumé Malgré la réfutation décisive par Shibatani (1972 et 1973) et Sommerstein (1974 et 1977) des arguments de Postal (1969) contre la possibilité et la nécessité de formuler des contraintes phonotactiques, l’argument portant sur la redondance semble toujours valable, même si on élimine les contraintes de structure morphématique (CSM) (Kiparsky 1982). L’objectif de cet article est de démontrer que la réponse appropriée à l’argument de la redondance de Postal est d’éliminer les règles phonologiques. Je maintiendrai que toutes les alternances vraiment phonologiques sont gouvernées par des conditions de bonne formation (CBF) formulées, disons, à la façon de Selkirk (1982), et que ces CBF déclenchent une stratégie parmi un ensemble universel de stratégies de réparation afin de corriger les violations au moment et à l’endroit où elles se produisent
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Pitol-Palin, Letícia, Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista, Pedro Henrique Silva Gomes-Ferreira, Gabriel Mulinari-Santos, Edilson Ervolino, Francisley Ávila Souza, Dóris Hissako Matsushita, and Roberta Okamoto. "Different Stages of Alveolar Bone Repair Process Are Compromised in the Type 2 Diabetes Condition: An Experimental Study in Rats." Biology 9, no. 12 (December 16, 2020): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9120471.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the stages of the alveolar bone repair in type 2 diabetic rats evaluating the mechanism of mineralization and bone remodeling processes after dental extraction. Forty-eight rats were divided into normoglycemic (NG) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) groups. The upper right incisor was extracted and after 3, 7, 14 and 42 days the animals were euthanized. The following analyses were performed: immunolabeling against antibodies TNFα, TGFβ, IL6, WNT, OCN and TRAP, collagen fibers maturation, microtomography and confocal microscopy. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. The immunolabeling analysis showed that the T2D presented a more pronounced alveolar inflammation than NG. Labeling of proteins responsible for bone formation and mineralization was higher in NG than T2D, which presented greater resorptive activity characterized by TRAP labeling. Also, T2D group showed a decrease in the amount of collagen fibers. Micro-CT analysis showed that T2D causes a decrease in bone volume percentage due to deficient trabecular parameters and higher porosity. The T2D bone dynamics show a loss in bone remodeling process. T2D prolongs the local inflammatory process, which impairs the organization and maturation of collagen fibers, delaying bone formation that generates impact on mineralization and bone turnover.
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Fowlkes, John L., R. Clay Bunn, Lichu Liu, Elizabeth C. Wahl, Hannah N. Coleman, Gael E. Cockrell, Daniel S. Perrien, Charles K. Lumpkin, and Kathryn M. Thrailkill. "Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2) and RUNX2-Related Osteogenic Genes Are Down-Regulated throughout Osteogenesis in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus." Endocrinology 149, no. 4 (December 27, 2007): 1697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-1408.
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with a number of disorders of skeletal health, conditions that rely, in part, on dynamic bone formation. A mouse model of distraction osteogenesis was used to study the consequences of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and insulin treatment on bone formation and osteoblastogenesis. In diabetic mice compared with control mice, new bone formation was decreased, and adipogenesis was increased in and around, respectively, the distraction gaps. Although insulin treatment restored bone formation to levels observed in nondiabetic control mice, it failed to significantly decrease adipogenesis. Molecular events altered during de novo bone formation in untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus, yet restored with insulin treatment were examined so as to clarify specific osteogenic genes that may contribute to diabetic bone disease. RNA from distraction gaps was analyzed by gene microarray and quantitative RT-PCR for osteogenic genes of interest. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and several RUNX2 target genes, including matrix metalloproteinase-9, Akp2, integrin binding sialoprotein, Dmp1, Col1a2, Phex, Vdr, osteocalcin, and osterix, were all significantly down-regulated in the insulin-deficient, hyperglycemic diabetic animals; however, insulin treatment of diabetic animals significantly restored their expression. Expression of bone morphogenic protein-2, transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif, and TWIST2, all important regulators of RUNX2, were not impacted by the diabetic condition, suggesting that the defect in osteogenesis resides at the level of RUNX2 expression and its activity. Together, these data demonstrate that insulin and/or glycemic status can regulate osteogenesis in vivo, and systemic insulin therapy can, in large part, rescue the diabetic bone phenotype at the tissue and molecular level.
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T. Pandkar, Jogita. "Water vapor formation causing reversible aerodynamic effect on the distribution of aero-algal forms." Annals of Plant Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.1.2.
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Aerodynamic is a branch which deals with the study of takeoff and passive transport mechanism of bio-particles with the help of physical and mathematical modules. But there is not a single report on the aero-dynamic study with respect to manipulated meteorological condition. Nagpur being hottest during summer month, the frequency of using air coolers is very high. An air cooler is a device which evaporates water with the help of fan to bring down room temperatures which results into increase in room humidity very much. To study the effect of humidity on the distribution and occurrence of aero algal forms sampling was carried out at three different sites, fitted with air cooler, from April- Mid May, using Rotarod sampler. Total 84 algal forms were recorded from 46 samples collected from three different sites. Cyanophyta was found to be dominant, followed by Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta respectively. Trentipholia is found to be dominant algal forms followed by Chroococcos, Microcystis, Aphanocapsa, Chlorella & Euglena respectively. Forms such as Chroococcidiopsis, Merismopedia, Aphanocapsa, Gleocapsa, Phormidium, Hormidium & Pinnularia were recorded in equal proportion. Forms such as Chlorella, Microcystis, Phormidium & Hormidium reported to be allergenic has been encountered. Irrespective of dry environmental condition with high temperature and low humidity (the condition considered to be favourable for dispersal of aero-algal forms, resulting into high concentration of air-borne algal flora) during sampling period, at all the three sites, minimum number of aero-algal forms were encountered due to increased humidity at the sampling sites. This can be due to manipulated micrometeorological conditions resulting into reversible aerodynamic effect on the aero- algal forms. Humidity of room air is increased by releasing water droplets in the atmosphere which act as a mode of reversible dispersion of aero-algal forms from higher level to the ground level, resulting into reduction in aero-algal counts at human breathing level. This finding, if experimented further with aero-algal and other bio-particles, can be good news for allergy patients.
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Fontan, Jean-Marc, Marco Alberio, Serge Belley, Guy Chiasson, Dridi Houssine, Nathalie Lafranchise, Liliane Portelance, Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay, and Pierre-André Tremblay. "Activités de « recherche avec » au sein du réseau de l'Université du Québec." Recherche 59, no. 1-2 (September 24, 2018): 195–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051431ar.
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L’objet de cet article est de présenter une analyse des principales observations et des constats généraux qui se dégagent de l’étude que nous avons réalisée. Dans un premier temps, nous contextualiserons l’engouement actuel pour la réalisation d’activités de recherche, de formation ou d’accompagnement regroupant des acteurs de la communauté et des chercheurs universitaires. Dans un deuxième temps, nous présenterons la méthodologie que nous avons utilisée pour conduire cette étude. Dans un troisième temps, nous brosserons un portrait rapide des principales observations ainsi que des constats généraux qui s'en dégagent. Enfin, dans la dernière section, nous développerons, au-delà de la question de la reconnaissance institutionnelle et du bien-fondé des activités de recherche « avec », une analyse critique de la capacité effective des universités québécoises à offrir un environnement et des conditions favorables à la bonne conduite tant d’activités de recherche-action que d’activités transdisciplinaires visant le croisement des savoirs et la coproduction de connaissances.
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Abed, Elie, and Robert Moreau. "Importance of melastatin-like transient receptor potential 7 and magnesium in the stimulation of osteoblast proliferation and migration by platelet-derived growth factor." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 297, no. 2 (August 2009): C360—C368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00614.2008.
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Bone is a dynamic tissue that is continuously being remodeled throughout life. Specialized cells called osteoclasts transiently break down old bone (resorption process) at multiple sites as other cells known as osteoblasts are replacing it with new tissue (bone formation). Usually, both resorption and formation processes are in balance and thereby maintain skeletal strength and integrity. This equilibrium is assured by the coordination of proliferation, migration, differentiation, and secretory functions of the osteoblasts, which are essential for adequate formation and resorption processes. Disturbances of this equilibrium may lead to decreased bone mass (osteoporosis), increased bone fragility, and susceptibility to fractures. Epidemiological studies have linked insufficient dietary magnesium (Mg2+) intake in humans with low bone mass and osteoporosis. Here, we investigated the roles of Mg2+ and melastatin-like transient receptor potential 7 (TRPM7), known as Mg2+ channels, in human osteoblast cell proliferation and migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which has been involved in the bone remodeling process. PDGF promoted an influx of Mg2+, enhanced cell migration, and stimulated the gene expression of TRPM7 channels in human osteoblast MG-63 cells. The stimulation of osteoblast proliferation and migration by PDGF was significantly reduced under culture conditions of low extracellular Mg2+ concentrations. Silencing TRPM7 expression in osteoblasts by specific small interfering RNA prevented the induction by PDGF of Mg2+ influx, proliferation, and migration. Our results indicate that extracellular Mg2+ and TRPM7 are important for PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of human osteoblasts. Thus Mg2+ deficiency, a common condition among the general population, may be associated with altered osteoblast functions leading to inadequate bone formation and the development of osteoporosis.
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Abdullah, Norain Binti, Masaaki Nakai, Yuki Kawamura, Ei Yamamoto, and Mitsuo Niinomi. "Effect of titanium plate fixation on bone healing." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 05015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032105015.
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Bone formation which is a process before bone remodeling in fracture healing process, was investigated in this study by fixing metallic plate after an artificially created defect in a rabbit femur. Although a complete bone remodeling takes about 6 weeks, present study was conducted by observing the condition of the bone within 3 weeks of healing period. An artificial defect was made in a rabbit femur and Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Ti-64) fixation plate was fixed with two screws on both ends while a defect without fixation was set as the control. After 3 weeks, the femur bone was harvested and evaluated with scanning electron microscopy, Vickers hardness test, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Ti-64 fixation showed rapid bone formation but external callus remaining on the defect area and its surrounding bone area. This bone callus may be replaced with healed bone with the passage of time. On the other hand, control showed incomplete bone formation and bone callus formed in the area without the defect, including further regions from the defect area. This may be affected by irregular load transmission and instability around the bone defect area. We conclude that, Ti-64 fixation shows better bone formation and bone hardness than the control.
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Tukhbatullin, M. G., A. R. Kormilina, D. V. Pasynkov, and S. V. Kurotchkin. "New radiation techniques in controlling bone regeneration in fractures." Medical Visualization 25, no. 3 (September 18, 2021): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24835/1607-0763-1029.
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Objective: comparative study of the possibilities of radiation methods in control of bone regeneration in fractures.Materials and methods. A study of bone calluse formation was conducted in 116 patients with broken tubular bones of the upper and lower limbs from the first day of the fracture to the complete consolidation of the fractures. In X-rays and CT determined the mineral density of bone calluses, with ultrasonic elastography shear wave and compression elastography determined the rigidity of bone calluses in kPa.Results. X-ray bone corn was determined at the end of the second – the beginning of the third stage of bone calluse formation. On CT bone corn density (in the HU), its structure and the condition of bone breaks were determined in some patients in all stages of bone regenerate formation. In ultrasound examination in the multiparametric mode studied the rigidity, structure and vascularization of bone calluses, the correct comparison of bone breaks from the first day of the fracture to their complete fusion.Conclusions. Ultrasonic studies in multiparametric mode can be used to control bone regeneration in fractures. Ultrasonic elastography shear wave, in determining the rigidity of bone calluse, in sensitivity and specificity exceeds the indicators of ultrasonic compression elastography at all stages of bone regenerate formation.
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Zhao, Xin, Suryaji Patil, Fang Xu, Xiao Lin, and Airong Qian. "Role of Biomolecules in Osteoclasts and Their Therapeutic Potential for Osteoporosis." Biomolecules 11, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050747.
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Osteoclasts (OCs) are important cells that are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism and are mainly responsible for coordinating bone resorption with bone formation to regulate bone remodeling. The imbalance between bone resorption and formation significantly affects bone metabolism. When the activity of osteoclasts exceeds the osteoblasts, it results in a condition called osteoporosis, which is characterized by reduced bone microarchitecture, decreased bone mass, and increased occurrences of fracture. Molecules, including transcription factors, proteins, hormones, nucleic acids, such as non-coding RNAs, play an important role in osteoclast proliferation, differentiation, and function. In this review, we have highlighted the role of these molecules in osteoclasts regulation and osteoporosis. The developed therapeutics targeting these molecules for the treatment of osteoporosis in recent years have also been discussed with challenges faced in clinical application.
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Zhang, Di, Sadahiro Iwabuchi, Tomohisa Baba, Shin-ichi Hashimoto, Naofumi Mukaida, and So-ichiro Sasaki. "Involvement of a Transcription factor, Nfe2, in Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone." Cancers 12, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12103003.
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Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is frequently complicated by bone metastasis, which deteriorates the life expectancy of this patient cohort. In order to develop a novel type of therapy for bone metastasis, we established 4T1.3 clone with a high capacity to metastasize to bone after orthotopic injection, from a murine TNBC cell line, 4T1.0. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying a high growth ability of 4T1.3 in a bone cavity, we searched for a novel candidate molecule with a focus on a transcription factor whose expression was selectively enhanced in a bone cavity. Comprehensive gene expression analysis detected enhanced Nfe2 mRNA expression in 4T1.3 grown in a bone cavity, compared with in vitro culture conditions. Moreover, Nfe2 gene transduction into 4T1.0 cells enhanced their capability to form intraosseous tumors. Moreover, Nfe2 shRNA treatment reduced tumor formation arising from intraosseous injection of 4T1.3 clone as well as another mouse TNBC-derived TS/A.3 clone with an augmented intraosseous tumor formation ability. Furthermore, NFE2 expression was associated with in vitro growth advantages of these TNBC cell lines under hypoxic condition, which mimics the bone microenvironment, as well as Wnt pathway activation. These observations suggest that NFE2 can potentially contribute to breast cancer cell survival in the bone microenvironment.
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Yokoi, Taishi, Ill Yong Kim, Kawashita Masakazu, and Chikara Ohtsuki. "Formation of Oriented Hydroxyapatite Crystals in a Hydrogel." Key Engineering Materials 529-530 (November 2012): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.24.
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Calcium phosphatepolymer composites have been produced for bone-repairing. We have focused development of composites by a crystal growth technique in a hydrogel matrix, that is regarded as gel-mediated processing. Under the gel-mediated condition, reaction temperature is one of the major parameter to determine microstructure of the precipitated crystals. In the present study, we investigated effects of the reaction temperature on formation of calcium phosphates through gel-mediated processing where double diffusion technique was applied. Crystalline phases of calcium phosphate formed in the hydrogel were varied from octacalcium phosphate (OCP) to hydroxyapatite (HAp) with increasing the reaction temperature. OCP crystals formed at 4 and 40 °C had granular or spherical shape, while HAp crystals formed at 80 °C had rod shape. The HAp crystals were composed of a large number of fibrous crystals. The rod-shaped HAp crystals were oriented in the direction of ion diffusion. Formation of oriented HAp crystals was generated by increase in diffusion rate of ions in the hydrogel matrix after increasing reaction temperature in gel-mediated processing.
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Elefteriou, Florent, Shu Takeda, Xiuyun Liu, Dawna Armstrong, and Gerard Karsenty. "Monosodium Glutamate-Sensitive Hypothalamic Neurons Contribute to the Control of Bone Mass." Endocrinology 144, no. 9 (September 1, 2003): 3842–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0369.
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Abstract Using chemical lesioning we previously identified hypothalamic neurons that are required for leptin antiosteogenic function. In the course of these studies we observed that destruction of neurons sensitive to monosodium glutamate (MSG) in arcuate nuclei did not affect bone mass. However MSG treatment leads to hypogonadism, a condition inducing bone loss. Therefore the normal bone mass of MSG-treated mice suggested that MSG-sensitive neurons may be implicated in the control of bone mass. To test this hypothesis we assessed bone resorption and bone formation parameters in MSG-treated mice. We show here that MSG-treated mice display the expected increase in bone resorption and that their normal bone mass is due to a concomitant increase in bone formation. Correction of MSG-induced hypogonadism by physiological doses of estradiol corrected the abnormal bone resorptive activity in MSG-treated mice and uncovered their high bone mass phenotype. Because neuropeptide Y (NPY) is highly expressed in MSG-sensitive neurons we tested whether NPY regulates bone formation. Surprisingly, NPY-deficient mice had a normal bone mass. This study reveals that distinct populations of hypothalamic neurons are involved in the control of bone mass and demonstrates that MSG-sensitive neurons control bone formation in a leptin-independent manner. It also indicates that NPY deficiency does not affect bone mass.
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Kumar, B. N., R. M. Walsh, A. Sinha, R. G. Courteney-Harris, and W. V. Carlin. "Benign necrotizing osteitis of the external auditory meatus." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 111, no. 3 (March 1997): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100137041.
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AbstractBenign necrotizing osteitis of the external auditory meatus is a rare condition which occurs in non-diabetic healthy people. The aetiology of the necrotic process with the formation of sequestrum in the bony external meatus is unknown. It is important to differentiate this benign process from malignant otitis externa and radionecrosis of the temporal bone as the management of these conditions differs. We present two cases, one managed surgically and the other medically, and review the literature. Immediate surgical excision of the sequestrum is advocated instead of long-term medical therapy and waiting for it to separate spontaneously.
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Kaigler, D., P. H. Krebsbach, Z. Wang, E. R. West, K. Horger, and D. J. Mooney. "Transplanted Endothelial Cells Enhance Orthotopic Bone Regeneration." Journal of Dental Research 85, no. 7 (July 2006): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910608500710.
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The aim of this study was to determine if endothelial cells could enhance bone marrow stromal-cell-mediated bone regeneration in an osseous defect. Using poly-lactide-co-glycolide scaffolds as cell carriers, we transplanted bone marrow stromal cells alone or with endothelial cells into 8.5-mm calvarial defects created in nude rats. Histological analyses of blood vessel and bone formation were performed, and microcomputed tomography (μCT) was used to assess mineralized bone matrix. Though the magnitude of the angiogenic response between groups was the same, μCT analysis revealed earlier mineralization of bone in the co-transplantation condition. Ultimately, there was a significant increase (40%) in bone formation in the co-transplantation group (33 ± 2%), compared with the transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells alone (23 ± 3%). Analysis of these data demonstrates that, in an orthotopic site, transplanted endothelial cells can influence the bone-regenerative capacity of bone marrow stromal cells.
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Ohnishi, Takashi, Yuki Ogawa, Kota Suda, Miki Komatsu, Satoko Matsumoto Harmon, Mitsuru Asukai, Masahiko Takahata, Norimasa Iwasaki, and Akio Minami. "Molecular Targeted Therapy for the Bone Loss Secondary to Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis Using Medications for Osteoporosis: A Literature Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 24, 2021): 4453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094453.
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Pyogenic spondylodiscitis can cause severe osteolytic and destructive lesions in the spine. Elderly or immunocompromised individuals are particularly susceptible to infectious diseases; specifically, infections in the spine can impair the ability of the spine to support the trunk, causing patients to be bedridden, which can also severely affect the physical condition of patients. Although treatments for osteoporosis have been well studied, treatments for bone loss secondary to infection remain to be elucidated because they have pathological manifestations that are similar to but distinct from those of osteoporosis. Recently, we encountered a patient with severely osteolytic pyogenic spondylodiscitis who was treated with romosozumab and exhibited enhanced bone formation. Romosozumab stimulated canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling, causing robust bone formation and the inhibition of bone resorption, which exceeded the bone loss secondary to infection. Bone loss due to infections involves the suppression of osteoblastogenesis by osteoblast apoptosis, which is induced by the nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, and osteoclastogenesis with the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand-receptor combination and subsequent activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 and c-Fos. In this study, we review and discuss the molecular mechanisms of bone loss secondary to infection and analyze the efficacy of the medications for osteoporosis, focusing on romosozumab, teriparatide, denosumab, and bisphosphonates, in treating this pathological condition.
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Lee, Eun-Jung, Min-Kyung Kang, Yun-Ho Kim, Dong Yeon Kim, Hyeongjoo Oh, Soo-Il Kim, Su Yeon Oh, Woojin Na, and Young-Hee Kang. "Coumarin Ameliorates Impaired Bone Turnover by Inhibiting the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products in Diabetic Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts." Biomolecules 10, no. 7 (July 15, 2020): 1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10071052.
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Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the risk of osteoporotic fractures increases in patients with diabetes mellitus. Thus, diabetes-induced bone fragility has recently been recognized as a diabetic complication. As the fracture risk is independent of the reduction in bone mineral density, deterioration in bone quality may be the main cause of bone fragility. Coumarin exists naturally in many plants as phenylpropanoids and is present in tonka beans in significantly high concentrations. This study investigated whether coumarin ameliorated the impaired bone turnover and remodeling under diabetic condition. The in vitro study employed murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells differentiated to multinucleated osteoclasts with receptor activator of nuclear factor-κΒ ligand (RANKL) in the presence of 33 mM glucose and 1–20 μM coumarin for five days. In addition, osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were exposed to 33 mM glucose for up to 21 days in the presence of 1–20 μM coumarin. High glucose diminished tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and bone resorption in RANKL-differentiated osteoclasts, accompanying a reduction of cathepsin K induction and actin ring formation. In contrast, coumarin reversed the defective osteoclastogenesis in diabetic osteoclasts. Furthermore, high glucose diminished alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen type 1 induction of osteoblasts, which was strongly enhanced by submicromolar levels of coumarin to diabetic cells. Furthermore, coumarin restored the induction of RANK and osteoprotegerin in osteoclasts and osteoblasts under glucotoxic condition, indicating a tight coupling of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. Coumarin ameliorated the impaired bone turnover and remodeling in diabetic osteoblasts and osteoclasts by suppressing the interaction between advanced glycation end product (AGE) and its receptor (RAGE). Therefore, coumarin may restore optimal bone turnover of osteoclasts and osteoblasts by disrupting the hyperglycemia-mediated AGE–RAGE interaction.
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Burke, Shane M., Steven W. Hwang, Mina G. Safain, and Ron I. Riesenburger. "Iatrogenic Spinal Cord Injury during Removal of the Inferior Articular Process in the Presence of Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum." Case Reports in Surgery 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2318759.
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Ossified ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a condition of heterotopic lamellar bone formation within the yellow ligament. Some patients with OLF can be asymptomatic. However, asymptomatic OLF may not be obvious on preoperative MRI and could increase the risk of iatrogenic injury during treatments for unrelated spinal conditions. This report describes a case of spinal cord injury caused by the indirect transmission of force from an osteotome to an asymptomatic OLF during the resection of a thoracic inferior articular process (IAP). To prevent this outcome, we urge careful review of CT imaging in the preoperative setting and advocate the use of a high-speed drill instead of an osteotome during bone removal in the setting of an adjacent area of OLF.
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Kim, J. T., H. J. Kang, H. N. Kim, J. Y. Choi, J. M. Lee, Eui Kyun Park, and Hong In Shin. "Ectopic Osteoinduction by Variously Demineralized Allogenic Cortical Bone Matrix." Key Engineering Materials 342-343 (July 2007): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.342-343.105.
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To improve ostegenic healing efficiency by demineralized bone matrix, we evaluated the ectopic bone formation induced by variously demineralized allogenic cortical bone matrices at subcutaneous and muscular sites in rats. The rat tubular cortical bone matrices were demineralized in heated 0.6N HCl at 60 °C for 5 and 20 mins, respectively, using a controlledheat ultrasonic cleaner and implanted in rat dorsal subcutaneous pouches and thigh muscles for 1-3 weeks. The influence of the demineralized condition of bone matrix on cellular proliferation and osteogenic differentiation was also evaluated in vitro by MTT assay and ALP staining. The cortical matrices were completely demineralized within 20 mins by sonication and heating of diluted 0.6 N HCl. The sonicated bone matrices in heated acidic solution at 60 °C revealed no adverse immunogenic and inflammatory response in vivo regardless of demineralized condition. Cellular proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation was facilitated by more fully demineralized. Ectopic bone formation was induced only by demineralized bone matrices and were more favorable in fully demineralized matrices. The ectopic bone induction was more favorably in subcutaneous pouches than in muscular tissue. These findings suggest that a fully demineralized cortical bone matrix maximizes osteogenic repair by exposing more bioactive molecules which in turn induce chondro- and osteognic differentiation of mesenchymal cells around the implanted matrices, and that the sonication of diluted 0.6 N HCl heated at 60 ° C is a rapid and effective method for sterile demineralized graft preparation.
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Maheshwari, Saurabh, Sonam Yangzom, K. Uday Bhanu, Uddandam Rajesh, and Ashok Narayan. "Van Buchem Disease: First Case Report from the Indian Subcontinent with an Early Presentation." Journal of Child Science 11, no. 01 (January 2021): e38-e41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1723956.
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AbstractVan Buchem disease is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes a compromised inhibitory feedback mechanism resulting in increased bone formation and overgrowth of the skeleton leading to a variety of neurological symptoms. It has been reported in less than 50 patients most of which were in western Europe. We report the first case of this condition from the Indian subcontinent with an early presentation. This patient presented with a global delay in attaining the developmental milestones and progressive reduction in visual acuity and loss of hearing. He had dysmorphic facies, multiple cranial nerve palsies, and severe visual and auditory deficits. Imaging revealed sclerosing bone dysplasia. This case illustrates the clinical and imaging findings of this rare condition.
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Kovalchuk P. Ye., Gasko М. V., Tulyulyuk S. V., and Shutka V. J. "REPARATIVE OSTEOGENESIS IN NORMAL STATE AND UNDER CONDITIONS OF IODINE DEFICIENCY." World Science 2, no. 8(48) (August 31, 2019): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/31082019/6630.
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The study presents the results of investigation of iodine deficiency condition on the bone tissue and healing post-traumatic bone defects under conditions of iodine deficiency.The experimental part of the study was performed on 63 randomized brand albino male rats of 3-month age. Peculiarities of the reparative osteogenesis were studied on the model of a traumatic injury simulated one-type in the proximal meta-diaphysis of the femoral bone irrespective of the experimental conditions in the frontal plane in the form of perforated defect. The defect was made by means of a drill 1mm in diameter.The results of the study are indicative of a negative effect of iodine deficiency produced on reparative osteogenesis manifested by inhibition of the process and associated with disorders in the formation of osseous regeneration, deterioration of the structural-functional state of the osseous tissue, development of degenerative-necrotic changes in the osseous tissue and epiphyseal cartilage.
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Kovalchuk P. Ye., Tulyulyuk S. V., and Biryuk I. G. "PHYSIOLOGICAL AND REPARATIVE OSTEOGENESIS IN THE NORM AND UNDER CONDITIONS OF SELENIUM DEFICIENCY." World Science 2, no. 8(48) (August 31, 2019): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ws/31082019/6632.
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The study presents the results of investigation of selenium deficiency condition on the bone tissue and healing post-traumatic bone defects under conditions of selenium deficiency.The experimental part of the study was performed on 63 randomized brand albino male rats of 3-month age. Peculiarities of the reparative osteogenesis were studied on the model of a traumatic injury simulated one-type in the proximal meta-diaphysis of the femoral bone irrespective of the experimental conditions in the frontal plane in the form of perforated defect. The defect was made by means of a drill 1mm in diameter.The results of the study are indicative of a negative effect of selenium deficiency produced on physiological and reparative osteogenesis manifested by inhibition of the process and associated with disorders in the formation of osseous regeneration, deterioration of the structural-functional state of the osseous tissue, development of degenerative-necrotic changes in the osseous tissue and epiphyseal cartilage.
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Parisay, Iman, Fatemeh Kebriaei, Bentolhoda Varkesh, Milad Soruri, and Roya Ghafourifard. "Management of a Severely Submerged Primary Molar: A Case Report." Case Reports in Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/796242.
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Ankylosis is a condition frequently associated with primary molars, wherein the ankylosed primary teeth remain in a fixed position, while the adjacent teeth continue to erupt, moving occlusally. In this case report, a five-year-old boy, who had a retained and submerged left lower second primary molar, was presented. Luxation of ankylosed primary molar was considered as a treatment approach. After four months, the tooth erupted to the occlusal level, and there was evidence of further development of a permanent successor in radiographic evaluation. After one year, tooth mobility, bone formation, and development of a permanent successor were in good condition.
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Salingcarnboriboon, Ruchanee, Kunikazu Tsuji, Toshihisa Komori, Kazuhisa Nakashima, Yoichi Ezura, and Masaki Noda. "Runx2 Is a Target of Mechanical Unloading to Alter Osteoblastic Activity and Bone Formation in Vivo." Endocrinology 147, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 2296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-1020.
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Molecular mechanisms underlying unloading-induced reduction of bone formation have not yet been fully understood. In vitro, Runx2 has been suggested to be involved in mechanical signaling in osteoblasts. However, the roles of Runx2 in vivo during the bone response to mechanical stimuli have not yet been known. The purpose of this paper was to examine the roles of Runx2 in unloading-induced bone loss in vivo. Tail suspension was conducted for 2 wk using 9- to 11-wk-old Runx2 heterozygous knockout mice (Runx2+/−) and wild-type (Wt) littermates. Bones were subjected to two-dimensional micro-x-ray computed tomography, bone histomorphometry and RT-PCR analyses. Loss of half Runx2 gene dosage-exacerbated unloading-induced bone loss in trabecular and cortical envelopes. Unloading-induced reduction in mineral apposition rate and bone formation rate in cortical bone as well as trabecular bone was exacerbated in Runx2+/− mice, compared with Wt mice. Bone resorption parameters were not significantly affected by unloading or Runx2+/− genotype. Basal Runx2 and osterix mRNA levels in bone were reduced by 50% in Wt, whereas unloading in Runx2+/− mice did not further alter Runx2 and osterix mRNA levels. In contrast, osteocalcin mRNA levels were reduced by unloading, regardless of Runx2 gene dosage. These data demonstrated that full Runx2 gene dosage is required for maintaining normal function of osteoblasts in mechanical unloading or nonphysiological condition. Finally, we propose Runx2 as a critical target gene in unloading to alter osteoblastic activity and bone formation in vivo.
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Meghalamane, Mallikarjuna Reddy Rowdur, Alla Vasanth Kumar, Gandham Satya Avinash, and Yellapu Surendra. "A rare case of plasma cell osteomyelitis with atypical presentation." International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics 6, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20195822.
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<p class="abstract">Plasma cell osteomyelitis is an uncommon type of localized chronic osteomyelitis which is characterized by the absence of typical clinical features of infection. It usually affects the metaphysis of long bones and presents as dense thickening of bone without sequestrum formation. We present an atypical case of plasma cell osteomyelitis with a lesion in the diaphysis of long bone and sequestrum formation<em>.</em> A 23 year old male patient came to our OPD with complaint of pain in mid-thigh radiating to the left knee since 2 months. X-ray showed radiolucencies in the medulla of middle third of shaft of femur along with a linear sequestrum suggestive of chronic osteomyelitis. An open biopsy was performed and surgical curettage was done. Histopathological examination was consistent with plasma cell osteomyelitis. Chronic plasma cell osteomyelitis is a rare condition with nonspecific findings and an unclear cause. Histopathology is the definitive tool for obtaining a diagnosis. Knowledge of this condition and proper management can give a better outcome, at the same time avoiding unnecessary investigations and procedures.</p>
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Fenton, J. E., J. Turner, A. Shirazi, and P. A. Fagan. "Post-stapedectomy reparative granuloma: a misnomer." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 2 (February 1996): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100133134.
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AbstractThe pathophysiology of so-called ‘reparative granuloma’ occurring after stapedectomy has not been determined and universally accepted management of this rare complication has not yet been established. A case is presented in which a mass developed in the middle ear after the use of a fat/wire prosthesis in a stapedectomy. Histological assessment revealed nonspecific granulation tissue and fat necrosis. It is suggested that ‘reparative granuloma’ is a misnomer as there is no microscopic evidence in this case nor in the literature of granulomatous formation. The condition may follow stapedectomy or stapedotomy. Furthermore, the name leads to confusion with a different condition, giant cell reparative granuloma, which involves the jaws and rarely the temporal bone. An alternative name, ‘Stapes surgery induced granulation tissue’ (SSIG) is therefore suggested for this condition.
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Liu, Baochi, Li Liu, Yanling Feng, and Lei Li. "A Case Report on the Surgical Treatment of the Huge Inflammatory Pseudotumor in the AIDS Patient with Hemophilic." Case Reports in Pathology 2011 (2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/798649.
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An HIV infected hemophilia patient with huge inflammatory pseudotumor was in severe ill condition. The operation of right hip joint amputation was performed on the patient with perioperative infusion of coagulation factor VIII and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The pathological found that Inflammatory cell infiltration, formation of folliculus lymphaticus, muscular fiber breakage, and fibrous tissue hyperplasy, necrosis in both soft tissue and bone were seen in inflammatory pseudotumour. The vital signs remained stable during the operation and patient's overall health condition improved significantly ten months after operation. With the infusion of coagulation factor VIII and HAART, HIV infected hemophilia patient can be safety operation and may get effective result.
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Bereșescu, Gabriela, Monica Monea, Bianca Porca, Alina Cocan, and Adriana Maria Monea. "Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on Bone Regeneration of Intrabony Defects." Key Engineering Materials 638 (March 2015): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.638.151.
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The aim of this study is to assess the histological efficiency of low level laser therapy (LLLT) with respect to the acceleration of bone regeneration after surgical treatment of intrabony defects. Twenty patients with intrabony defects, aged between 20-45, non-smokers, good health condition present at the time of the surgery, were randomly divided in two groups, control, ten parients, and test group, ten patients. Informed consent was obtained. Each patient presented at least one periodontal defect treated by bone allograft. The test group received postsurgical treatment with low lever laser therapy (LLLT). The equipment used was OsseoPulse AM300, at an intensity of 20mW/cm2, for 20 minutes per day, for 21 consecutive days. The control group received no treatment with LLLT. The bone formation was evaluated in both groups at baseline and 6 months postoperative by the means of tissue biopsy followed by a histological analysis. The histological study of the test samples at 6 months after regeneration showed bone formation without inflammatory cells and occasional nonviable bone consistent with regenerating bone. No evidence of the grafted material was present. The histological study suggests that in 6 months there was new bone formation in the defects treated with LLLT. Clinical data indicate the possibility of more rapid wound closure and subsequent healing in zones treated with LLLT as compared with control.
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Vassiliou, Alice Georgia, Edison Jahaj, Zafeiria Mastora, Ioannis Karnezis, Ioanna Dimopoulou, Stylianos E. Orfanos, and Anastasia Kotanidou. "Prognostic Value of Bone Formation and Resorption Proteins in Heterotopic Ossification in Critically-Ill Patients. A Single-Centre Study." Journal of Critical Care Medicine 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2020-0046.
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Abstract Introduction A potential complication in critically ill patients is the formation of bone in soft tissues, termed heterotopic ossification. The exact pathogenetic mechanisms are still undetermined. Bone morphogenetic proteins induce bone formation, while signalling through the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β (RANK) and its ligand (RANKL), regulates osteoclast formation, activation, and survival in normal bone modelling and remodelling. Osteoprotegerin protects bone from excessive bone loss by blocking RANKL from binding to RANK. Aim The study aimed to investigate these molecules as potential prognostic biomarkers of heterotopic ossification development in critically ill patients. Materials and Methods In this prospective observational study, BMP-2, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin were measured by ELISA in twenty-eight critically-ill, initially non-septic patients, on admission to an ICU, seven days post-admission, and thirty days after ICU discharge. Results In the critically-ill cohort, nine of the twenty-eight patients developed heterotopic ossification up to the 30-day follow-up time-point. The patients who developed heterotopic ossification exhibited significantly reduced BMP-2 and RANKL levels on ICU admission, compared to patients who did not; Osteoprotegerin readings were similar in both groups. Conclusions Critically-ill patients who will subsequently develop heterotopic ossification, have significantly lower BMP-2 and RANKL levels at the time of ICU admission, suggesting that these proteins may be useful as prognostic markers for this debilitating condition.
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Salamanca, Javier, Jose Luis Rodriguez-Peralto, Carmen Gonzalez-Lois, and Daniel Azorin. "Ossifying Adult Xanthogranuloma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 127, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): e409-e410. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2003-127-e409-oax.
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Abstract Although a xanthogranuloma is a relatively common benign cutaneous condition and ossification has been observed within many cutaneous lesions, the association between ossification and xanthogranuloma has not, to our knowledge, been reported previously. We believe we describe for the first time the case of a xanthogranuloma with marked osseous metaplasia on the trunk of a 41-year-old woman. Microscopically, the lesion showed typical features of a xanthogranuloma, with the exceptional feature of exuberant bone formation. The presence of bone within this lesion is likely secondary to a metaplastic process.
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Mader, Reuven, Xenofon Baraliakos, Iris Eshed, Irina Novofastovski, Amir Bieber, Jorrit-Jan Jorrit-Jan Verlaan, David Kiefer, Nicola Pappone, and Fabiola Atzeni. "Imaging of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)." RMD Open 6, no. 1 (February 2020): e001151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001151.
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Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition characterised by calcification and ossification of ligaments and entheses. The condition usually affects the axial skeleton, in particular, at the thoracic segment, though also other portions of the spine are often involved. DISH often involves also peripheral tendinous and/or entheseal sites either alone, or in association with the involvement of peripheral joints. At times, new bone formation involves the bone itself, but sometimes it involves joints not usually affected by osteoarthritis (OA) which result in bony enlargement of the epiphysis, joints space narrowing and a reduced range of motion. Because of the entheseal involvement, DISH can be mistaken for seronegative spondyloarthropathies or for a "simple" OA. Furthermore, other implications for the recognition of DISH include spinal fractures, difficult intubation and upper endoscopies, decreased response rates in DISH with concomitant spondyloarthritides, and increased likelihood to be affected by metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. This Atlas is intended to show the imaging finding in DISH in patients diagnosed with the condition by the Resnick classification criteria.
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Prykhodko, Volodymyr, Nina Dolbysheva, and Sergey Afanasyev. "FORMATION OF PHYSICAL CULTURE PERSONS AS A CONDITION OF POST DEVELOPMENT OF SPORT IN THE UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES." Sports Bulletin of the Dnieper 1 (2020): 392–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.32540/2071-1476-2019-1-392.
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Introduction. The critical state of both the social sphere and the infrastructure of most rural settlements requires the search for new and effective influences on this situation, as public authorities, as well as many local governments are still not ready to effectively implement social reforms, meet basic living needs. Rural population, refer to the lack of sufficient budget funds. However, human centrism means that attention to the person of the active part of the villagers will affect the living standards of the rural population as a whole, will bring the living conditions in the countryside closer to the urban level. Research purpose revealing the peculiarities of the formation of physical culture of a person who is the only one who forms the demand and development of physical culture and sports in a democratic society, showing new, modern approaches to the development of sports in rural areas with existing limited financial resources. Research methods and materials. A set of methods of theoretical research was used (generalization of literature, materials from the Internet, the content of previous own scientific developments, abstraction, idealization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction). Results. Physical activity is the use by a motivated and self-determined person of subjective (assigned, included in the content of life) units of physical culture, reproduced by him to ensure the adequacy of his psychophysical condition to the changing conditions of life and production. Only when the actualized values to be physically developed and healthy, formed individually significant motives, existing concepts, knowledge and abilities, the necessary skills and abilities, only then on the basis of trained body mastered by man, there is a qualitatively new state of development, namely physical personality culture. Physical culture of the individual is a socially determined area of general human culture, which is a systemic, dynamic state, characterized by a certain level of unprofessional, i.e. self-used education, degree of physical perfection, motivational and value orientations and socio-spiritual values acquired through physical education and integrated into physical culture and sports, lifestyle culture, spirituality and mental and physical health. In this regard, the physical culture of the individual, and hence the structure of the strategy of sports development in the united territorial communities should be considered as being in unity and dynamics, and the latter should be the reaction of the social subject to the need to meet the needs of the population. In addition, related interests of physical, and then social, spiritual transformation of the person based on awareness of the value of a specific means of their satisfaction - exercise. Therefore, when considering the structure of PCS, it should be borne in mind that it arises and develops in the social structure of a particular society that has already developed. Conclusions. In the conditions of democratic development inherent in modern Ukraine, the determining condition for intensifying the involvement of rural people in physical culture and sports (PCS) is the formation of physical culture (PCP), as a conscious need to use sports for their improvement and development. It is the person with the formed PCP, uniting with the same persons interested in the development of PCS, forms the micro groups that form the demand for the creation of conditions for sports. The dependence of the governing bodies of the newly created United Territorial Communities (UTC) on the citizens who are voters in the respective territories allows those who have already formed the PCP to act as moderators of the development of physical culture and sports. It is these individuals and the social groups created with their participation with limited financial resources in most of the united territorial communities, who should take responsibility and involve support for prepared projects in the form of crowdsourcing, fundraising, and other modern tools to improve the base of physical culture and sports at the local level. Keywords: personality, physical culture and sports (PCS), physical culture of a person (PCP), physical culture/ sports activity, social group of sports activists, modern approaches to raising funds, crowdsourcing, fundraising, united territorial communities (UTC).
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Taketani, Takeshi, Rie Kanai, Aya Mihara, Chigusa Oyama, Seiji Fukuda, Seiji Yamaguchi, Koji Hattori, et al. "Transplantation of Ex Vivo Expanded Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Bone Marrow Improved Osteogenesis and Bone Formation In Patients with Perinatal Hypophosphatasia." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4690.4690.
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Abstract Abstract 4690 Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is one of the bone metabolic disorders caused by mutations of the liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) gene encoding tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The disease is characterized by the disturbance of bone and tooth mineralization and reduced serum ALP activity. Clinical severity of HPP often depends on the age of onset. Patients with perinatal and infantile forms usually have poor prognosis. Phenotype in patients with HPP is also closely related to residual enzyme activity affected by ALPL mutations. Most perinatal patients die of respiratory failure resulting from the reduced osteogenesis of the thorax, suggesting that production of new bones that support respiration in the chest would improve the prognosis. However, despite extensive studies on the molecular pathogenesis of HPP, there is no curative treatment for HPP. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which normally reside in bone marrow (BM), umbilical cord blood, muscle connective tissue, and adipose tissue, have multipotency that differentiate into various mesenchymal lineages and several mesoderm lineages. These include bone, cartilage, tendon, muscle, e adipose tissue, neuron, hepatocyte, and endothelium. MSC aloso modulates immune system and hematopoietic stem cell fate. These miscellaneous properties of MSCs are clinically applied such as prophylaxis for graft versus host disease (GVHD) or regeneration of ischemic heart because MSCs can easily be isolated and expanded in vitro while maintaining genetic stability. However, MSCs have never been used to facilitate bone formation or osteogenesis in patients with severe HPP. Herein we performed transplantation of MSCs expanded ex vivo for patients with severe HPP that underwent preceding BM transplantation (BMT) to determine the effects of MSCs on new bone generation. Two patients with severe hypophosphatasia were studied. Both patients were diagnosed as fatal HPP based on perinatal onset, respiratory disturbance, and ALPL mutations with extremely low ALP activity. MCSs obtained from these patients had little osteogenic activity in vitro. Their donors were asymptomatic relatives of the patients harboring heterozygous mutation of the ALPL gene. Osteogenic activity of donor-MSCs was normal. Myeloablative conditioning regimen was used for BMT. MSCs obtained from BM were expanded ex vivo in a flask containing a-minimum essential medium with 15% fetal bovine serum and 10 mg/mL kanamycin sulfate. The adherent cells became nearly confluent after 10 days and the expression of the cell surface antigens was mesenchymal type (CD34-, CD45-, CD105+, and SH3+). Case1: An 8-month-old girl was administered with buslfan (BU), fludarabine, and antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and a short course of methotrexate (sMTX) were used for to GVHD prophylaxis. BMT was performed using marrow cells derived from a haploidentical donor. Cultured MSCs with cultured osteoblasts were administered 1 month after BMT. Although donor BM did not engraft, her respiratory condition was improved. Secondary MSCs transplantation (MSCT) was performed when her respiratory condition became deteriorated, which led to a significant improvement in her respiratory condition, her limbs length, and her physical development. Moreover, FISH and PCR analyses revealed that de novo formation of bone derived from both donor and recipient cells. Although, unexpectedly, she developed chronic myeloid leukemia with BCR-ABL fusions 2 years after BMT, she remained remission of the disease after secondary BMT from same donor. Mineralization of metaphysis improved although that of other bones such as long bones did not. Case2: A 14-month-old boy underwent BMT from a HLA 2 locus mismatched related donor using BU, cyclophosphamide, and ATG. Tacrolimus and sMTX were used for GVHD prophylaxis. Ex vivo expanded MSCs were transplanted 2 weeks after BMT. Engraftment of donor derived BM was confirmed. His condition gradually improved. Our data suggests that combination of MSCT and BMT may offer novel and effective treatment modalities to facilitate osteogenesis in patients with fatal HPP. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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D’Oronzo, Stella, Erica Silvestris, Angelo Paradiso, Mauro Cives, and Marco Tucci. "Role of Bone Targeting Agents in the Prevention of Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 3022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21083022.
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Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and leads, in more than 70% of patients with advanced disease, to skeleton colonization and formation of bone metastases (BM). This condition implies a severe disability and deterioration of the quality of life, with consequent additional social costs. In recent decades, several studies explored the role of agents acting within the bone microenvironment to counteract BM development, and several bone-targeting agents (BTAs) have been introduced in the clinical practice to manage bone lesions and reduce the risk of skeletal complications. However, long-term exposure to these agents is not free from potential toxicities and needs careful monitoring. In this context, the potential capability to prevent BM onset in selected BC patients, through the early administration of BTAs, has been explored by several researchers, with the belief that “prevention is better than cure” and that, ultimately, metastatic BC is an incurable condition. Here, we revised the mechanisms of BM development in BC as well as the strategies for selecting high-risk patients suitable for early BTA treatment.