Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Condition physique des hommes'
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Pantelidis, Dimitrios. "Analyse multiparamétrique des facteurs de la performance du joueur de tennis." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF22521.
Full textMorel, Olivier. "Les agents des services hospitaliers : vécu du travail, charge physique, sante : enquête par questionnaire auprès des agents des services hospitaliers des établissements hospitaliers publics de Nancy." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10064.
Full textGoenarjo, Roman. "Effect of age, vascular parameters, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness on executive performances : role of cerebral oxygenation." Thesis, Poitiers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020POIT2252.
Full textMany studies have reported that regular physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with cognitive performance and more selectively with executive functions. Among numerous physiological mechanisms that may underlie the association between them, prefrontal cortex oxygenation seems to play a major role. However, the specific impact of prefrontal oxygenation on the link between physical activity and cognition is influenced by several factors, such as gender, age, or cardiovascular health. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the impact of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on executive functions across the adults' age span in healthy males, as well as the influence of prefrontal cortex oxygenation and cardiovascular health. To obtain those objectives, we conducted a review of the effect of physical activity on the brain in older adults and four cross-sectional studies. From our review, we highlighted that: • In older adults, higher fitness level is associated with better performance in several executive function tests. Even though the limited number of studies available makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions.• Better cardiovascular fitness in older adults is associated with improve arterial stiffness, higher vascular reactivity, and greater amplitude of cerebral oxygenation during exercise or cognitive tasks.• Greater gray matter volume and white matter integrity were related to the cardiorespiratory fitness but less consistently related to physical activity.• At least 12 weeks of an aerobic exercise program are required to give advantageous effects to the brainAnd our experimental works show that:In young males:• The active individuals performed better in executive tasks than their inactive counterparts and had a larger change in prefrontal cortex oxygenation during the most complex conditions of Stroop task.• High cardiorespiratory fitness was related to a better performance in dual-task and greater oxygenation on both sides of the prefrontal cortex.In older males:• Cardiorespiratory fitness is not related to Stroop task performance nor prefrontal cortex oxygenation in overall older males.• Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was related to a better performance and greater right prefrontal cortex oxygenation during a Stroop task in 61+ years old group but not in 55-60 years old group, suggesting the importance of age-group classification to evaluate the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on executive function in older male subjects.• Older males have stronger relationships between several vascular parameters and Stroop task performance than young malesThis work shows the relationship between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on executive functions in young and older males. The potential neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie that relationship, especially prefrontal oxygenation and vascular health, are presented
KHANFIR, MOHAMED ALI. "Etude comparee de trois programmes d'entrainement en endurance : effet de la variation de la duree et de l'intensite." Strasbourg 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR20059.
Full textMaamouri, Leila. "Etude des dimensions constitutives de la condition physique : analyse de la relation entre la condition physique et la santé." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT2328.
Full textDu, Zuobing. "La condition féminine et la relation hommes-femmes dans les villes chinoises d'aujourd'hui." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA084135.
Full textThis study focuses on specific cultural phenomena (Writing the Body, popular vulgar culture, transition of modern single women) which have emerged in the Chinese society in the 90s, the influence on the traditional order of marriage of women and the emergence of the sex industry. It tries to show the contradictions and conflicts of women in the social context of women’s liberation. From 1949 the equalization of women was established by the law but since the 1980s a period of change is influencing the modern women presenting new challenges. After the implementation of a policy of openness and reform in China, the resurgence of a mass culture is one of the most visible changes of a "modernization" with Chinese characteristics. We see the emergence of a feminized mass culture dominated by sex and sensuality. The feminization begins with the women themselves, after thirty years during which the forced equality led to the loss femininity. This feminization is also a symbol of "modernization" and is part of the values of the women. A stereotype of the "professional woman" emerged, and "beauty" is becoming a very important criterion. Popular culture, production and reproduction of images of women resulted in women losing their independent personality. And thus we see internal conflicts arise between the "observer" and "observed" in the "modern woman"
Forest, Marjolaine Gaubert Serge. "La condition masculine dans le roman français de l'entre-deux-guerres le temps des vacillements /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/forest_m.
Full textEspíndola, Rosina. "Effet de l'éducation physique quotidienne au primaire sur la condition physique à l'âge adulte /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2191187R.html.
Full textEspíndola, Rosina. "Effet de l'éducation physique quotidienne au primaire sur la condition physique à l'âge adulte." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3771/1/000651150.pdf.
Full textPinot, Julien. "Etude de la puissance mécanique comme variable d'amélioration de la performance en cyclisme à travers l'interface homme-machine." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA1007/document.
Full textThis thesis has been completed as part of a CIFRE agreement between the laboratory C3S(EA4660) and the Research and Development (R&D) department of the FDJ professionalcycling team. The various studies that we conducted centred on analysing sport performanceoptimisation in cyclists through a central variable: the mechanical power output (PO)developed during locomotion. There were two main areas of focus: 1) evaluation andmonitoring of physical potential, with the aim of improving the training process, and 2)optimisation of the human–machine interface via analysis of the materials and equipmentused by the FDJ team cyclists
Pace, Marion. "L'enfant autiste : déterminants physiologiques et environnementaux de sa condition physique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAS022/document.
Full textAutism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communication impairments, with abnormal repetitive and stereotypic behaviors. Cardio-respiratory, motor and autonomic disorders are found on autistic children and may limit them in a physical effort. This work has been done to evaluate the physical condition of children with autism compared to control children. Forty boys aged from 8 to 13 had participated in the study: 20 control children (CONT: 10.0±1.6 years) and 20 children with autism (AUT: 10.7±1.3 years; IQ> 70). A maximal effort on treadmill had measured the maximum oxygen consumption rate (VO2max). The autonomic nervous system had been assessed by heart rate variability on an orthostatic test and nocturnal recordings. Motor abilities had been determined by using three batteries of additional motor tests (EUROFIT, M-ABC and PANESS). Sleep and physical activity had been collected by actigraphy and questionnaires, and linked with physical fitness. After the maximal effort, the result of this test had shown that autistic children had lower VO2pic values and shorter exercise duration. Evaluations of the autonomic nervous system also showed greater heart rate variability in autism, including a parasympathetic tone significantly higher compared to controls. The motor tests showed significant impairments in autism compared to controls on all motor skills and especially on static balance, dynamic balance and muscle strength. Finally, children with autism had lower physical activity level than control while sleep indices are similar between the two groups. Then, these results show specificities in the physical fitness for autism children that might limit them in a physical exercise. However, in our study, all children had shown an ability to perform a maximal exercise test. Autistic children seemed to be more limited to maintain this effort by the autistic features (motivation, restricted interests ...) that would lead to limit physical engagement. By this test, we may advance that children with autism may have barriers which must be lifted to adapt physical activity to their needs and abilities and then promote their integration
Mack, Inocentio Damien. "Condition physique et santé : du diagnostic à l'activité physique personnalisée chez le senior (ASM Vitaly Test)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC054.
Full textThe objective of the thesis was to create and test a fitness assessment tool promoting resume of physical activity for healthy people. The device must make it possible to create a cohort of subjects followed in their physical activity and their health in partnership with associations or health care institutions
Toraa, Moncef. "Réponses cardio-respiratoires à l'exercice intense chez les triathlètes : adaptation cardiaque, comparaison de la réponse à l'exercice sur ergocycle et tapis roulant." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05S041.
Full textTriathlon is a particular physical activity including a set of three different sub activities of endurance (swimming, bike riding and running). Responding to the triathlon effort seems to be a multi-factor question. This study shows that maximum oxygen consumption is the same for both treadmill and ergocycle. On the other hand, responding to blood lactate accumulation treshold is different. (. . . )
Côté, Marc. "Comparaison de deux batteries de tests qui évaluent l'aptitude physique des candidats policiers." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1997.
Find full textPerreault, Michel. "Condition physique et tests d'entrée à l'Institut de Police du Québec : analyse de la situation." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.
Find full textMillien, Midas, and Midas Millien. "Influence de la similarité physique entre deux personnes sur l'évaluation de la douleur d'autrui." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26224.
Full textL’évaluation de la douleur d’autrui est un processus complexe. Plusieurs facteurs tels la culture et la race peuvent la biaiser (sous-évaluer ou sur-évaluer). Le présent projet s’est intéressé d’abord, à l’effet de la similarité (ethnique ou genre) entre observateur et observé sur façon d’évaluer (à la hausse ou à la baisse) la douleur des stimuli de mains (ethnies noire et blanche puis genres féminin et masculin) chez 60 participants (15 femmes et 15 hommes d’ethnie blanche, 15 hommes et 15 femmes d’ethnie noire) dont l’âge était compris entre 20 et 56 ans et la scolarité entre 14 et 24 ans. Ensuite, sur la corrélation entre empathie situationnelle (cotes de douleur attribuées aux stimuli en général) et l’empathie dispositionnelle (scores de réponses obtenus aux sous-échelles prise de perspective et préoccupation empathique d’IRI). Les participants avaient pour tâches d’observer et de rapporter sur une échelle visuelle analogue le niveau de douleur perçue au niveau des stimuli puis répondre à un questionnaire d’empathie (index de réactivité interpersonnelle). Il a été attendu que la similarité ethnie ou de genre allait faire évaluer à la hausse la douleur observée chez autrui, puis il allait avoir une corrélation significative entre l’empathie situationnelle et l’empathie dispositionnelle. Dans la littérature certaines études ont montré d’une part, le contexte influence l’évaluation ou la prise en charge de la douleur d’autrui et d’autre part, il y a un lien entre l’empathie et la prise en charge de la douleur d’autrui. Pourtant, les résultats d’une analyse de variance à mesures répétées n’ont pas montré un effet significatif de la similarité sur l’évaluation de la douleur des stimuli. Également, le coefficient de corrélation de Pearson n’a pas montré de corrélations significatives entre l’empathie situationnelle et l’empathie dispositionnelle. En ce sens, les hypothèses n’ont pas été confirmées. Il est possible que les participants ne tiennent pas compte de la similarité en évaluant la douleur des stimuli. Voilà pourquoi le niveau de douleur attribué aux stimuli similaire et dissimilaire n’était pas différent. La portée clinique et les limites de cette étude peuvent encourager le développement des protocoles de recherche avec des tâches sollicitant davantage le comportement prosocial et la prise de perspective chez les participants. Au niveau clinique un plan de formation basé sur le développement du comportement prosocial et la prise de perspective serait bénéfique pour aider à combattre le biais ethnique qui pourrait exister chez les professionnels de la santé offrant des services aux bénéficiaires d’origines ethniques différentes.
The assessment of the pain of others is a complex activity. There are a lot of factors such as culture and race that can bias this process, (under or over assessed). First of all, this study is focused on the effect of gender or ethnic similarity between the observer and the observed regarding the assessment of pain of hands in potentially painful situations (black and white ethnic; feminine and masculine gender) by 60 participants (15 women and 15 men of white ethnicity, 15 men and 15 women black ethnicity) aged 20-56 years with a level of education between 14 and 24 years. Then, it seeks a correlation between situational empathy (pain ratings assigned to general stimuli) and dispositional empathy (response scores for subscales perspective taking and empathic concern IRI). The participants' tasks were to observe and report on a visual analogue scale the level of perceived pain and respond to a survey of empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index). It was expected that the gender or ethnic similarity would be over assessed the pain observed in others, then it would have a significant correlation between situational and dispositional empathy. In one hand, in the literature some studies have shown that the context can influence the assessment, in the other hand, there is a link between empathy and the management of others’ pain. However, the results of repeated-measures analysis of variance showed no significant effect on the similarity assessment of pain stimuli. Also, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlations between situational and dispositional empathy. In that case, the hypotheses have not been confirmed. It may be possible that the participants do not take into account the similarity when assessing pain stimuli. The level of pain attributed to similar and dissimilar stimuli was no different. The clinical significance and limitations of this study may encourage the development of research protocols with tasks requesting more prosocial behavior and perspective-taking among participants. Clinically a training plan based on the development of prosocial behavior and decision perspective would be beneficial to help fight ethnic bias that may exist among health professionals providing services to beneficiaries of different ethnic origins.
The assessment of the pain of others is a complex activity. There are a lot of factors such as culture and race that can bias this process, (under or over assessed). First of all, this study is focused on the effect of gender or ethnic similarity between the observer and the observed regarding the assessment of pain of hands in potentially painful situations (black and white ethnic; feminine and masculine gender) by 60 participants (15 women and 15 men of white ethnicity, 15 men and 15 women black ethnicity) aged 20-56 years with a level of education between 14 and 24 years. Then, it seeks a correlation between situational empathy (pain ratings assigned to general stimuli) and dispositional empathy (response scores for subscales perspective taking and empathic concern IRI). The participants' tasks were to observe and report on a visual analogue scale the level of perceived pain and respond to a survey of empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index). It was expected that the gender or ethnic similarity would be over assessed the pain observed in others, then it would have a significant correlation between situational and dispositional empathy. In one hand, in the literature some studies have shown that the context can influence the assessment, in the other hand, there is a link between empathy and the management of others’ pain. However, the results of repeated-measures analysis of variance showed no significant effect on the similarity assessment of pain stimuli. Also, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed no significant correlations between situational and dispositional empathy. In that case, the hypotheses have not been confirmed. It may be possible that the participants do not take into account the similarity when assessing pain stimuli. The level of pain attributed to similar and dissimilar stimuli was no different. The clinical significance and limitations of this study may encourage the development of research protocols with tasks requesting more prosocial behavior and perspective-taking among participants. Clinically a training plan based on the development of prosocial behavior and decision perspective would be beneficial to help fight ethnic bias that may exist among health professionals providing services to beneficiaries of different ethnic origins.
Daussin, Frédéric Piquard François. "Effets d'un entraînement en endurance à charge constante, à charge variable ou à haute intensité chez l'homme étude intégrative du systémique au cellulaire /." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/1000/01/DAUSSIN__Frédéric_2007.pdf.
Full textCaron, Maryse. "Relations entre différents indices de la condition physique et du niveau d'activité physique d'une population étudiante universitaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/867.
Full textJulien, Véronique. "Impact de l'activité physique combinée à une prise en charge multidisciplinaire sur la condition physique d'adolescents obèses." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25824.
Full textAn inverse correlation has been reported between body mass index (BMI) and fitness. Low fitness represents a greater level of sedentariness, hence the importance of developing initiatives to improve the fitness of obese individuals. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of a 16-week multidisciplinary intervention program on aerobic capacity and motor skills of obese adolescents. Thirty-three obese adolescents (19 boys and 14 girls) aged from 11-16 years old participated in three sessions of endurance training per week during the program. At the end of the intervention, a significant decrease in BMI and waist circumference (WC) was observed in addition to a significant increase in motor skills. However, a return to reference values was observed for BMI and WC following the monitoring period, although some achievements regarding motor skills were preserved. These results indicate that a multidisciplinary intervention including an exercise program can have long term effects on motor skills.
St-Pierre, Maxime. "Impact d'un programme de réadaptation sur la condition physique de patients coronariens." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30431.
Full textIn Canada, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second cause of mortality close behind cancer. Considering all CVD mortality in 2008, 54 % were caused by coronary heart disease (CHD). For many years, many cardiac rehabilitation programs have been developed and their impact on health is well recognized. Also, it seems that an increased in cardiorespiratory fitness could be associated with a better cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a regional cardiac rehabilitation program (named as Cardi-O-Forme) on exercise capacity in patients with CHD. A total of 23 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of CHD were included in this study. Patients enrolled in the Cardi-O-Forme program trained for 8 to 12 weeks. Data were collected at the Chicoutimi hospital. Anthropometric parameters, lipids profile and physical fitness were collected before and after the completion of the Cardi-O-Forme program. Waist circumference was significantly decreased after the Cardi-O-Forme program. Cardiorespiratory fitness was also significantly improved after the cardiac rehabilitation program. Results of the present study demonstrate that exercise training in Cardi-OForme program significantly improved exercise capacity. As improvement in exercise capacity is associated with a decreased in predicted mortality, we hypothesised that the Cardi-O-Forme program may improve the prognostic of the patients.
Mandigout, Stéphane. "Effet de l'entraînement en endurance sur le système cardiovasculaire de filles et de garçons prépubères." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2072.
Full textCharifi, Nadia. "Effets du vieillissement sur la population des cellules satellites et sur la microvascularisation du muscle squelettique humain : adaptations à l'entraînement en endurance chez le sujet âgé." Université Jean Monnet (Saint-Étienne). Faculté de médecine Jacques Lisfranc, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STET007T.
Full textCouturier, Serge. "Génétique et condition physique des trois écotypes de caribou du Québec-Labrador." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/25044/25044.pdf.
Full textMarin-Couture, Elisa. "Le phénotype "fit-actif" : pour mieux refléter les bienfaits de la participation à l'activité physique vigoureuse au cours de la vie sur la santé." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67569.
Full textRegular physical activity participation has been recognized over time as an essential component of a lifestyle contributing to the prevention of obesity and non-communicable diseases. Recently, the emphasis on sedentary behaviors and physical inactivity as additional factors, independent of physical activity practice, has to some extent confirmed the relevance to encourage regular physical activity habits in the prevention and management of obesity. This optimistic vision is however toned down by some clinical interventions that demonstrate that the inclusion of a physical activity component in a weight reducing program is not producing substantial additional benefits on body composition and metabolic health compared to when a healthy diet is prescribed alone. This raises the question as to which extent the exercise stimulus has been adequately characterized to reflect the long-term print of an active lifestyle on the risk to develop obesity and related metabolic complications. This thesis documents this issue by summarizing evidences and presenting relevant data showing that a classification based on aerobic fitness and physical activity practice provides indications of greater impact of a lifelong vigorous physical activity practice compared to what may be anticipated from existing literature. Furthermore, we reinforce the pertinence of this classification by presenting relevant data from the Quebec Family Study to compare the fit-active to the unfit-inactive individuals. For both sexes, fit-active individuals displayed much more favorable morphological and metabolic profiles than their unfit-inactive counterparts. The fitness variations of the profile seem to generate more benefits than the physical activity practice in the profile. In summary, these observations suggest that the benefits of a lifelong physical activity practice may well be reflected by a classification based on both fitness and reported physical activity practice.
Meney, Isabelle. "Les effets de la privation de sommeil sur la performance et ses rythmes circadiens." Caen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CAEN1265.
Full textJégo, Maël. "Condition physique, immunocompétence et parasitisme dans des populations naturelles de chevreuils (Capreolus capreolus)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10237/document.
Full textEcoimmunology focuses on an integrative approach of host-pathogens interactions from the molecular mechanics of immune responses to the role of immunity in shaping the evolution of life history traits. Here, we proposed to study the variation of immunocompetence in two natural contrasted populations of roe deer. However, available methods to characterize immune system in wild populations are still limited. Consequently, in this context, the goals of this work were i) to identify methods to investigate the roe deer immune system and to adapt these methods developed for other species to roe deer, ii) to study the relationships between potential drivers of immunocomptence, including body condition and parasitism, and iii) to study variation of immunocompetence with body condition on one hand, and in the context of sexual selection, with secondary sexual characters on the other hand. We measured simultaneously several components of immunity including descriptive measures, as numeration of leucocytes subsets, and functional measures with hemagglutination-hemolysis, lymphocyte proliferation by mitogens stimulation or phagocytosis. We found a negative correlation between body condition and parasitism and senescence patterns in haematological and biochemical parameters. Moreover, we showed variations of immunocompetence with body condition and secondary sexual characters. This work corroborates some hypotheses of evolutionary biology
Forest, Marjolaine. "La condition masculine dans le roman français de l'entre-deux-guerres : le temps des vacillements." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/forest_m.
Full textThe thesis we present propose a reflection about masculine condition in French literature between the two World Wars. In a France which fights to recover from the First World War while foreseeing more and more surely the approach of the Second one, the man holds a central place, for his manhood intends him to the higher sacrifice. This is the man of these restless times that we have wished to understand better in this work ; we have tried to demonstrate the huge awkwardness implied by the fact of being a man. Along the variations of this major period that goes from 1919 until 1939, the French man feels lost : right after the First World War, forever linked to nightmarish or glorious memories, the soldier become a civilian again, become a man again, is face to a new society in which past hegemony will be from now taken on by the one whose he had always thought she was his inferior : the woman. Through the study of several French novels from 1919 until 1939, we make the analysis of this relentless evolution of masculine condition. Heroes of hackneyed masculinity or antiheroes in a social, psychical or emotional suffering, crude or uncommon instances of masculine identity, the characters of the novels which make up our corpus, whether they show the front trials, the readjustment to civil life ones, or ones generated by the new definition of relationships between both sexes, show, everyone in a different way, the deep intricacy of masculine condition between the two World Wars, between power and overwhelm
Carignan, Jocelyne. "Étude de l'efficacité cardio-respiratoire des élèves de la 2e à la 6e année." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Find full textMbaye, Issa. "Étude descriptive des styles de leadership des femmes et des hommes qui enseignent en éducation physique au Sénégal /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2229095R.html.
Full textMbaye, Issa. "Étude descriptive des styles de leadership des femmes et des hommes qui enseignent en éducation physique au Sénégal." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2739/1/000681108.pdf.
Full textRiou, Marie-Ève. "Les déterminants d'une meilleure condition physique et ses conséquences métaboliques chez les individus sédentaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25268/25268.pdf.
Full textRioux, Emmanuelle. "La pratique d'activité physique encadrée est-elle reliée aux résultats scolaires?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27470/27470.pdf.
Full textJean, Glouzon Berthine Kelly. "Dépense énergétique journalière et comportements sédentaires : impact aigu et chronique de la pratique d’exercice chez des hommes âgés sarcopéniques." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/166.
Full textLeduc, Geneviève. "Condition physique aérobie, statut pondéral et image corporelle de jeunes québécois de 6 à 12 ans." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28470/28470.pdf.
Full textLebel, Alexane. "Le test de marche de 6 minutes a-t-il sa place comme mesure d’évaluation clinique en obésité sévère : comparaison avec une épreuve d’effort maximal, le VO2 max." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66705.
Full textObesity is a chronic disease and its prevalence is constantly increasing. The origin of obesity is multifactorial, and it comes with many comorbidities including systemic hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and obstructive sleep apnea. Several approaches are available for the management of patients with obesity. Among these multiple approaches, there are non-pharmacological measures, which include pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery. The evaluation of cardiorespiratory capacity in the context of severe obesity involves a lot of difficulties. However, it remains the gold standard for non-invasive cardiac assessment. Patients with severe obesity have a reduced exercise capacity, which is associated with a higher cardiovascular risk and a high mortality rate. Their limitations are manifold and can be explained by the cardiovascular, pulmonary or muscular system. The cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with direct measurements is the gold standard for cardiorespiratory evaluation. In regards of practical purposes, alternative stress tests exist for cardiorespiratory evaluation. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple and practical test that is used to assess functional capacity. The main objective of this master’s thesis is to compare the physiological response between the 6MWT and the CPET in patients with severe obesity. Our research has shown that a comparable maximum capacity was reached in both tests according to cardiac parameters (heart rate and oxygen pulse) and pulmonary parameters (VO2 peak (oxygen consumption), respiratory rate, tidal volume and ventilation/carbon dioxide production) which suggests that no significant differences has been observed. Additional research is needed to determine its clinical utility with patients with severe obesity.
Billat, Véronique. "Puissance critique déterminée par la lactatémie en régime continu d'exercice musculaire pour la validation d'une méthode d'évaluation de la capacité maximale aérobie." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10140.
Full textPerreault, Michel. "Condition physique et tests d'entrée à l'Institut de Police du Québec : analyse de la situation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61825.pdf.
Full textBédard, Alexandra. "Impact du mode alimentaire méditérranéen sur la santé cardiovasculaire : étude des différences entre les hommes et les femmes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26018.
Full textIl est maintenant bien admis que l’adhésion au mode alimentaire méditerranéen réduit l’incidence des maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) et la mortalité en découlant. Ce mode alimentaire exerce des effets bénéfiques sur les facteurs de risque traditionnels des MCV, mais aussi sur les facteurs de risque non traditionnels et sur certaines conditions prédisposant aux MCV, notamment le syndrome métabolique, la résistance à l’insuline et l’obésité. Il n’a toutefois pas été démontré si les hommes et les femmes retirent les mêmes bénéfices du mode alimentaire méditerranéen. Dans le cadre de mes travaux de maîtrise, nous avions rapporté que les hommes et les femmes ont des effets similaires en lien avec le profil lipidique. Cependant, une grande variabilité dans la réponse a été notée. Par conséquent, le premier volet de cette thèse de doctorat avait comme objectif d’expliquer cette variabilité. Nos travaux ont démontré que la présence d’obésité abdominale n’influence pas ces effets. D’autre part, ce mode alimentaire a des effets hypocholestérolémiants plus limités chez les individus ayant une histoire familiale de dyslipidémie comparativement à ceux sans histoire familiale. Le deuxième volet de cette thèse visait à documenter davantage les différences entre les hommes et les femmes quant à l’impact du mode alimentaire méditerranéen sur la santé cardiovasculaire. Nos travaux ont démontré que la consommation d’une diète méditerranéenne diminue le score de Framingham, améliore les composantes du syndrome métabolique, réduit marginalement les lipoprotéines de faible densité (LDL) oxydées et n’a aucun effet sur la protéine C-réactive et la leptine chez les hommes et les femmes. Toutefois, cette diète entraîne une redistribution favorable des sous-classes des LDL, réduit l’adiponectine et améliore la sensibilité à l’insuline seulement chez les hommes. D’un autre côté, les femmes seraient plus sensibles aux effets rassasiants du mode alimentaire méditerranéen. Enfin, l’exposition répétée à ce mode alimentaire augmente son adhésion à long terme (~6 mois post-intervention) chez les hommes et les femmes, mais favorise une perte de poids à long terme seulement chez les femmes. Bref, l’adhésion au mode alimentaire méditerranéen exerce plusieurs bénéfices sur la santé cardiovasculaire; toutefois, certains effets seraient plus spécifiques aux hommes ou aux femmes.
It is now recognized that the adoption of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is associated with a lower risk of morbidity/mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). The MedDiet exerts beneficial effects on traditional risk factors, but also on non-traditional risk factors as well as on conditions which predispose individuals to CVD, namely the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and obesity. However, it remains unknown whether men and women have similar cardioprotective effects from the MedDiet. As part of my master’s work, we have shown that men and women have similar lipid-lowering effects from the MedDiet. However, a large inter-individual variability in the response was noted in both men and women. Therefore, the first part of this thesis aimed to explain this variability. Our results showed that the abdominal obesity status does not influence these effects. However, compared with individuals with no family history of dyslipidemia, those with a positive family history have limited lipid-lowering effects from the MedDiet. The second part of this thesis had as objective to further document differences between men and women in the impact of the MedDiet on the cardiovascular health. Our results suggest that the short-term consumption of the MedDiet reduces the Framingham risk score, improves the components of the metabolic syndrome, reduces modestly oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and has no effect on C-reactive protein and leptin in both men and women. However in men, but not in women, the consumption of the MedDiet leads to a favorable redistribution of LDL subclasses from smaller to larger LDL, reduces adiponectin concentrations and improves insulin sensitivity. Moreover, our results indicated that women are more sensitive to the satiating effects of the MedDiet than men. Finally, repeated exposure to the MedDiet promotes the long-term adherence to this food pattern (i.e. ~6 months post-intervention) in both men and women and helps for the long-term management of body weight especially in women. In summary, the consumption of the MedDiet leads to several beneficial effects on the cardiovascular health; however some effects appear to be more specific to men or women.
Guérin, Florence. "Le concept de soi physique : nature, validité et directionnalité causale avec des tests de condition physique et des notes en E. P. S." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112275.
Full textPhysical self-concept plays a critical role in the learning process and motor performance. Based on structural equation modeling methodology, four studies supported the cross-national generalizability of a physical self-concept model over several French samples and emphasized the usefulness of this construct in a causation research exploring relations among physical self- perceptions and environment variables. The factorial validity of an Australian physical self-concept instrument: The Physical Self-Description questionnaire (PSDQ) by H. W. Marsh was supported with a sample of French adolescents in a school environment. Moreover, the within- construct validity was supplemented by an MTMM analysis, involving two other physical self- concept models, which supported convergent and discriminant validity. Pursuing the validation on-going process, between-construct validity was next tested and supported in relation to a set of external criteria from the EUROFIT fitness test battery. Finally, a longitudinal panel study assessing causal directions among physical self-concept, P. E. Achievements, strength, cardiorespiratory endurance and physical activity objective measures provided some support for causal relations between physical self-concept and fitness tests and better evidence for reciprocal effects between physical self-concept and P. E. Achievements. Additionally, it was shown that these causal relations were not mediated by global self-concepts
Harvey, Anik. "Comparaison entre la pratique d'activités physiques déclarée et le niveau de condition physique d'étudiants au collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21180.
Full textChastel, Olivier. "Effort de reproduction chez les oiseaux longevifs : frequence de reproduction et condition physique chez les petrels." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR4002.
Full textLamy, Leandre. "Évaluation des effets d'un programme de mentorat par les pairs sur la pratique d'activité physique et la condition physique de jeunes adultes au collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68629.
Full textThe actual portrait of the health behaviours of young adults reveals alarming data about the physical activity level (Colley, Garriguet, Janssen, Craig, Clarke & Tremblay, 2011). To help them adopt increase their physical activity level, it seems appropriate to set up interventions that mobilize the action of their peers (Canadian Institute for Research on Fitness and Lifestyle, 2014; 2015). They seem to give them special importance when the time comes to adopt healthy lifestyle habits (DuBois & Karcher, 2014). Therefore, peer mentoring seems a promising avenue. Although the characteristics of this type of intervention have been documented in the literature, few studies have evaluated its effects in mentees (Sallis, Calfas, Nichols, Sarkin, Johnson, Caparosa, Thomson & Alcaraz, 1999; Boyle, Mattern, Lassister & Ritzler, 2011) and even fewer have done so with mentors (Lubans, Morgan, Aguiar & Callister, 2011). From this perspective, the present study had two objectives: 1) to evaluate the effects of a peer mentoring program in college settings on the practice of physical activity, physical condition, eating behaviours, consumption of fruits and vegetables. and the sense of personal effectiveness of mentees and mentors; 2) explore the moderating role of gender and participants' initial level of physical activity on the effects of the program. These objectives were investigated using a study with a quasi-experimental design using 104 young adults (mentors n = 38, non-mentors n = 33, mentees n = 21 and non-mentees n = 12). Questionnaires as well as physical tests made it possible to measure the main variables. The covariance analyzes show that at the end of the intervention, mentees adopted fewer behaviours aimed at gaining weight than non-mentees, while mentors adopted fewer behaviours aimed at losing weight than non-mentors. In addition, moderation analyzes reveal effects in men regardless of their initial level of physical activity but not in women. In fact, 1) mentee men exhibit better estimated maximal volume of oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) than non-mentee men, 2) male mentors show a lower body mass index (BMI) than non-mentor men and 3) male mentors report more behaviours aimed at gaining weight than non-mentor men. However, although our results suggest these effects, it seems essential to us to interpret them with caution due to some methodological limitations, in particular the small sampling. We often see them as tendencies to take in count for future research. However, our results suggest that we must consider sex of participants when time comes to orient, implement, and operationalize mentoring programs, particularly for the mentors.
Gariépy, Isabelle. "Poids et trimestre à la naissance et leurs effets sur la pratique de l'activité physique et sur la condition physique chez l'enfant et l'adulte /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/24783894R.pdf.
Full textGariépy, Isabelle. "Poids et trimestre à la naissance et leurs effets sur la pratique de l'activité physique et sur la condition physique chez l'enfant et l'adulte." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1865/1/000135070.pdf.
Full textRance, Mélanie. "Activité physique et condition physique de la personne agée : effets de l'entraînement et du désentraînement sur la composition corporelle, la performance musculaire et l'aptitude aérobie." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF20046.
Full textFavier, Charly. "Hommes, Savanes, Forêts : modélisation de systèmes dynamiques liant l'homme à son environnement." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009014.
Full textCastonguay, Joanne. "Douleurs thoraciques non-cardiaques et activité physique : de la prévention à la prise en charge." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66877.
Full textSaidi, Oussama. "Sommeil de l'adolescent : effet de l'activité physique et de l'alimentation chez l'adolescent sportif ou en condition d'obésité." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC059.
Full textPhysical activity and ingested nutrients take part in the regulation of the internal clock andsleep physiology. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in this topic. However, studiesremain almost exclusively limited to adults. Adolescence is marked by critical transitionsthat may trigger several behavioral disturbances particularly with regard to sleep. A problemcompounded by an array of endogenous and exogenous factors forming the so called“Perfect Storm” of both altered sleep duration and quality. Obesity and elite sport are twofactors that have been separately associated with sleep disturbances, and have a negativeimpact on holistic development, with lowered performance and altered health status ofadolescents, both physical (recovery, metabolism, growth, weight control) and cognitive(learning, memory, decision-making, vigilance). Therefore, the purpose of this work was toexplore the effect of physical activity and nutrition on sleep among these two distinctadolescent populations. Altered sleep pattern in young athletes seems to be more related tosport constraints such as competition and travel. However, acute exercise improves sleepduration in quality in both populations (athlete and with obesity). Moreover, dietary intakeseems to be a promising alternative to improve sleep quality. Only three days undercontrolled feeding fixed at the recommended dietary allowance resulted in reduced sleeponset latency in adolescents with obesity compared to ad-libitum condition. Finally,randomized controlled studies are needed to support the effect of certain nutrients on sleep.PROTMORPHEUS study will bring a fuller understanding of the effect of proteintryptophan/large neutral amino acids ratio on sleep
Jbabdi, Myriam. "Développement d'une approche de mesure et d'évaluation des déficiences du contrôle postural et de l'équilibre chez les aînés." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2004.
Find full textNassif, Hala. "Mesure de l'impact sanitaire des stratégies de promotion de l'activité physique ou sportive." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05P627.
Full textThe prevalence of sedentary behavior is constantly increasing. Physical inactivity in the 4th cause of preventable death with 1. 9 million deaths worldwide. Several studies have proven the need and interest in promoting physical activity in different settings. However, there still exists a large void between theory, policies, practice and behavior change. The objective of this thesis is to anayze and develop specific evaluation tools in order to reinforce the proof and utility of recommendations that promote physical activity and discourage sedentary behavior. Our first study analyses the data of a physical fitness monitoring tool applied on a large French sample of 31 133 individuals aged between 8 and 60 years old. We first tested the reliability and the reproductibility of the tool. Thereafter, we analysed the relation between body mass index, age and the different physiological dimensions measured. Results revealed a good reproductibility of the physical fitness test and the presence of a strong correlation between the performances, age and body mass index. This suggests the possibility of using this test as a relable epidemiological tool capable of evaluating the effectiveness of physical activity promotion interventions. Our second study analyses the effect of an intervention promoting physical activity in the workplace on subjects suffering from chronic lower back pain. This study has been done in collaboration with the department of occupational medicine in the company. The sample consisted of 37 subjects that followed exercise sessions three times per week during two months and of 38 subjects in the control group. Physical, psychological, hearth and social measures were analyzed at three time points (beginning, 2 months, and 6 months). Following this intervention, we observed a significant improvement in the physical, psychological and health outcome measures that persisted at 6 months. In consequence, this study reinforces the promotion of physical activity in the workplace in order to assist those at risk and result in multiple health benfits. Our third study is in relation to the promotion physical activity through active transportation. Our work is related to health impact assessment following a change in transportation mode. This study is in collaboration with the CREAL (Center for Research and Environmental Epidemiology) in Barcelona and six European cities. The study proposes methods to measure energy expenditure in function of the transportation mode associates it to a health gain. In conclusion, this thesis offers a new methodological approch as well as specific evaluation tools that may help in advancing the field of prevention by physical activity