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Wakker, Gerrigje Catharina. "Conditions and conditionals : an investigation of Ancien Greek /." Amsterdam : J. C. Gieben, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37623680n.
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Stander, Cornelius Johannes. "Condition monitoring of gearboxes operating under fluctuating load conditions." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25604.
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Conventional gearbox vibration monitoring techniques are based on the assumption that changes in the measured structural response are caused by deterioration in the condition of the gears in the gearbox. However, this assumption is not valid under fluctuating load conditions, since the fluctuating load will amplitude modulate the measured vibration signal and cause the rotational speed of the system to change. In general monitoring of machines subject to fluctuating load conditions is dealt with by considering the constant load conditions on gearboxes or during free rotational tests. The need to monitor the condition of large gearboxes in mineral mining equipment has attracted greater interest in order to improve asset management. An inherent need for signal processing techniques, with the ability to indicate degradation in gear condition, under fluctuating load conditions exist. Such techniques should enable the online monitoring of gearboxes that operate under fluctuating load conditions. A continued flow of up to date information should consequently be available for asset and production management. With this research, a load demodulation normalisation procedure was developed to remove the modulation caused by fluctuating load conditions, which obscures the detection of an incipient gear fault conditions. A rotation domain averaging technique is implemented which combines the ability of computer order tracking and time domain averaging to suppress the spectral smearing effect caused by the fluctuation in speed, as well as to suppress the amplitude of the vibration which is not synchronous with the rotation of the gear shaft. It is demonstrated that the instantaneous angular speed of a gearbox shaft can be utilised to monitor the condition of the gear on the shaft. The instantaneous angular speed response measurement is less susceptible to phase distortion introduced by the transmission path when compared to conventional gearbox casing vibration measurements. A phase domain averaging approach was developed to overcome the phase distortion effect of the transmission path under fluctuating load conditions. The load demodulation normalisation and rotation domain averaging signal processing procedures were applied to both the conventional gearbox casing vibration and instantaneous angular speed measurements prior to the calculation of a smoothed pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution of the data. Statistical parameters such as the energy ratio were calculated from the distribution. These parameters could be monotonically trended under different load conditions to indicate the degradation of gear conditions.Thesis (PhD (Mechanical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
unrestricted
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Wight, William. "Preventable Conditions." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5725.
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Preventable Conditions is a collection of literary short stories intended to explore themes of familial communication, complementary dysfunctions, and the degree to which we all try to cope with our own mistakes. The first five stories in the collection are related, while the last three stand alone. Each of the stories before “Fair Grounds” is told from the perspective of a different member of the Powell family, a fictional clan from Marietta, Georgia. The Powell family stories largely adhere to the basic conventions of realism, while the three remaining pieces somewhat strain those boundaries.M.F.A.
Masters
English
Arts and Humanities
Creative Writing
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Eqbal, Mariam. "Underlying Conditions." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3091.
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The following is a collection of lines, curves, and dots on a plane, representing words fashioned to communicate my ideas about relationships between the thing and the nothing. This thesis is like a map, a contour drawing, an assortment of lines, speaking my thoughts about things in relation to space and time. As something moving, developing into another thing, as a thing sentient, I am viewing, performing, and processing incremental acts. I am looking at water and I can see my reflection break into a thousand pieces. It is like watching time.
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Villa, Lora Juan. "Exit conditions in social assistance programmes : evidence from conditional cash transfers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exit-conditions-in-social-assistance-programmes-evidence-from-conditional-cash-transfers(dd7f8f80-8e11-4652-a49e-c01d8dd93067).html.
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Social assistance programmes (SAPs), understood as non-contributory transfers aimed at ad-dressing poverty, have spread in developing countries since the late 1990s. National govern-ments in Latin America have sought to extend the coverage of SAPs through human devel-opment conditional cash transfer programmes (CCTs). CCTs share several implementation features. First, they employ targeting and selection methods based on means, and proxy means, tests. Research on targeting and selection methods has evolved hand in hand with the adoption of CCTs in Latin America, Africa and South East Asia. Second, CCTs involve the provision of cash transfers directly to households, but with conditions attached to human development objectives. Transfers are given to households in poverty contingent on investment in the human capital formation of their children. A third feature relates to the presence of programme exit conditions. To date, scarce research is available on the design and outcomes associated with exit condi-tions from CCTs. This thesis thus contributes to the literature in the implementation of SAPs by providing a critical examination of exit conditions in SAPs with specific emphasis on CCTs. The thesis provides a systematic theoretical and empirical analysis of the role of exit conditions in the implementation of CCTs. The thesis develops and tests two basic principles underlying the role of exit conditions. First, the exhausted-effectiveness principle suggests that the effectiveness of a CCT varies over time. The research reported in this examines the effectiveness of programme over time with the aim of identifying potential thresholds after which a given SAP's effectiveness de-clines. A two-period child human capital investment model is developed to study analytically the conditions in which programme effectiveness varies over time. This is examined empirically in order to demonstrate the existence of the time-varying effectiveness associated with the implementation of the Colombia's CCT, Familias en Accion. A continuous treatment effect model is estimated following Hirano and Imbens (2004), in which the length of exposure allows for the graphical analysis of dose-response functions. The results indicate that the design of SAPs must take account of time-varying effectiveness. Second, a principle of the non-recurrence of poverty states that beneficiaries should be able to exit an effective programme when two conditions apply: (i) they are not in poverty; and (ii) they face a low probability of becoming poor in the near future. This principle acknowledges the implications of poverty dynamics for the implementation of SAPs with a particular focus on exit conditions. This thesis characterises the poverty dynamics of beneficiary households through the estimation of a Markovian poverty transition model using data from the Familias en Accion programme. The findings from the empirical work suggest that programme participation should not end when households are non-poor, but attention must be paid to probabilities of recurrence, in order to secure non-recurrence in the near future. Taken together, the exhausted-effectiveness principle interacts with the non-recurrence of poverty principle in the sense that the first sets a maximum length of exposure to the intervention, while the second determines minimum levels of exposure.
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Brown, P., and B. Russell. "1993 Weather Conditions." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/209587.
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Abnormally high January and February rainfall will certainly be the most remember meteorological feature of 1993. This rainfall led to extensive flooding along the Gila River and its tributaries, and delayed field preparation in many areas. However, once the winter rains ended, weather conditions proved very favorable for cotton production. Warm, dry spring weather helped get the cotton crop off to a good start. Moderate summer temperatures and a late monsoon provided excellent weather conditions for setting fruit. The relatively short monsoon period was followed by an extended period of mild, dry weather which provided excellent conditions for finishing the crop. The only blemish on the fall weather pattern was a period of heavy rainfall in mid - November which delayed field operations in much of central Arizona.
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Brown, P., B. Russell, and J. Silvertooth. "1994 Weather Conditions." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210249.
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The 1994 cotton production season began with near optimal weather conditions. Temperatures and precipitation during planting and early vegetative growth were near optimal levels and were generally near normal. Summer brought an extended period of high day and night temperatures which began in June and continued through September at most locations. The period of high temperature associated with the monsoon (July and August) coincided with a rapid decline in fruit retention across much of the state. While the monsoon provided the usual rise in night temperature and humidity, summer rainfall was relatively light at most locations. Early fall weather was warm and dry, providing generally good conditions for finishing the crop. Weather conditions then cooled dramatically in the late fall prior to the onset of heavy rains in December. The wet December conditions limited post harvest field work in many locations.
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Brown, P., B. Russell, and T. Machibya. "1995 Weather Conditions." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210749.
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The 1995 cotton season proved to be one of the most challenging in marry years. Cold, dry spring weather delayed planting and forced many growers to replant a significant portion of their crop. The late crop then ran into extreme summer heat in July and August and very high August humidity. Daytime temperatures in excess of 120°F were reported in the low deserts in July and many locations reported extended periods with daytime temperatures above 1107. Poor fruit retention was a common grower observation as the summer heat continued The saving grace for 1995 proved to be warm and dry fall weather which assisted late season development and harvest operations.
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Brown, P., B. Russell, and T. Machibya. "1996 Weather Conditions." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210927.
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Weather again presented significant challenges to Arizona cotton producers in 1996. Warm early season weather allowed most growers to plant earlier than normal and the 1996 crop moved through the first half of the season in excellent shape. The arrival of high monsoon humidity in early July combined with high July temperatures to create heat stress conditions which led to fruit shed at most central and western production areas. The stressful combination of humidity and temperature remained entrenched through much of July and August, creating generally poor fruiting conditions in both months. Monsoon activity continued through mid-September in many areas, then was followed by a month of generally good weather conditions for finishing the crop. Cool weather effectively ended the growing season after mid-October. The overall warm year produced seasonal heat unit accumulation well in excess of normal. Precipitation was generally well below normal, especially along the Colorado River.
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Abdulahad, Joseph G. "Liquid surface conditions." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328613.
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Anand, Rohit. "Conditions in architecture." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52079.
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Mortal Limit
by Robert Penn Warren
I saw the hawk ride updraft in the sunset over Wyoming.
It rose from coniferous darkness, past gray jags
Of mercilessness, past whiteness, into the gloaming
Of dream spectral light above the last purity of snow-snags.
There-west-were the Tetons. Snow peaks would soon be
In dark profile to break constellations. Beyond what height
Hands now the black spec? Beyond what range will gold eyes see
New ranges rise to mark a last scrawl of light?
Or, having tasted that atmosphere’s thinness, does it
Hang motionless in dying vision before
It knows it will accept the mortal limit,
And swing into the great circular downwardness that will restore
The breath of earth? Of rock? Of rot? Of other such
Items, and the darkness of whatever dream we clutch?
This is an endeavour in learning about architecture.
The project, a competition on Charles Bulfinch’s Old Jail Site in Old Town Alexandria, to make Townhouses, serves as a vehicle towards that end.Master of Architecture
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Hofmann, Bernd, and Masahiro Yamamoto. "Realization of source conditions for linear ill-posed problems by conditional stability." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200800558.
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We prove some sufficient conditions for obtaining convergence rates in regularization
of linear ill-posed problems in a Hilbert space setting and show that these
conditions are directly related with the conditional stability in several concrete inverse
problems for partial differential equations.
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VASIKARLA, ABHINAV. "ANALYSIS AND TRANSFORMATION OF POST-CONDITIONS." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1221845468.
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Cakir, Cagri. "Assessing Thermal Comfort Conditions." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607936/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of environmental design parameters on thermal comfort conditions in the METU Faculty of Architecture Building located
in Ankara.
The building had some problems in terms of indoor climatic conditions, both in winter and in summer. It was evident that some design parameters caused this undesirable situation. The study therefore focused on understanding and evaluating
the effects of design-dependent elements such as thermal mass, the size and orientation of windows, shading and vegetation on thermal comfort conditions in the case study building. While conducting this study, data loggers were used to record temperature and humidity data in predetermined rooms. Data was collected during certain periods in July, August, and September 2006.
The data collected was analyzed statistically and hypotheses were tested using ANOVA. This study showed that the effect of thermal mass was almost the same for the rooms investigated owing to the fact that the entire building had been constructed with concrete curtain walls. In terms of thermal performance the number and orientation of the exterior walls, orientation and size of windows, room heights and also sun shading with surrounding vegetation were most effective design parameters for the rooms investigated
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Ehrhardt, Matthias. "Discrete artificial boundary conditions." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965232921.
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Tree, Ian J. "Pseudocompactness and chain conditions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291547.
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Sehra, A. S. "Particles under extreme conditions." Thesis, Swansea University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638791.
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In part I we study quantum modified photon trajectories in a Schwarzschild blackhole spacetime. The photon vacuum polarization effect in curved spacetime leads to birefringence, i.e. the photon velocity becomes c±δc depending on its polarization. This velocity shift then results in modified photon trajectories. We find that photon trajectories are shifted by equal and opposite amounts for the two photon polarizations, as expected by the sum rule. Therefore, the critical circular orbit at u =1/3M in Schwarzschild spacetime, is split depending on polarization as u = 1/3M ± Aδ(M) (to first order in A), where A is a constant found to be ~ 10-32 for a solar mass blackhole. Then using general quantum modified trajectory equations we find that photons projected into the blackhole for a critical impact parameter tend to the critical orbit associated with that polarization. We then use an impact parameter that is lower than the critical one. In this case the photons tend to the event horizon in coordinate time, and according to the affine parameter the photons fall into the singularity. This means even with the quantum corrections the event horizon behaves in the classic way, as expected from the horizon theorem. We also construct a quantum modified Schwarzschild metric, which encompasses the quantum polarization corrections. This is then used to derive the photons general quantum modified equations of motion, as before. We also show that when this modified metric is used with wave vectors for radically projected photons we obtain the classic equations of motion, as expected, because radial velocities are not modified by the quantum polarization correction. In Part II we use the 2+1d Nambu-Jona-Lasino (NJL) model to study the superfluid behaviour of two-dimensional quark matter. In previous work it was suggested that the high density phase of the 2+1d NJL model could be a relativistic gapless thin film BCS superfluid. In this work we find that as we raise the baryon chemical potential (µ) the baryon supercurrent jumps from a non-superfluid (zero) phase to a superfluid (non-zero) phase. This strongly first order transition is seen to occur at µ = 0.65, which was shown to be the point of chiral symmetry restoration. Therefore, we prove that at high density the 2+ 1d NJL model is in a superfluid phase. We then go on to study the dynamics of the superfluid phase, represented by the helicity modulus (Ү), which is the constant of proportionality between the supercurrent and the gradient of the diquark state function. We find that below the temperature associated with lattice size Lt = 4, the system is in a non-superfluid phase, and above Lt = 24 the system is in a superfluid phase. We also find a possible 2nd order transition at Lt ≈ 6, which corresponds to the critical point as described by Kosterlitz and Thouless’ theory of 2D critical systems with U(1) global symmetry – such as the XY model.
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Lau, Ting-Lai. "Optimization of milling conditions." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240985.
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Pizzey, Keiron. "Glasses under extreme conditions." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687334.
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The method of in-situ high-pressure neutron diffraction was used to measure the structural transformations that take place upon cold-compression of several network-forming amorphous materials. The chalcogenide glasses GeSe2, GeSe4, and As2Se3, and the silicate glass CaSiO3, were investigated using a Paris-Edinburgh press to provide compression. Where possible, the neutron diffraction results were compared to experimental results and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provided by other research groups. Amorphous GeSe2 was studied at pressures up to 16.1 GPa using a combination of neutron diffraction, neutron diffraction with isotope substitution (NDIS), and first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD) simulations. It was found that the network transformations occurred in two stages. In the first stage up to ∼ 8 GPa, the structure re-arranged on an intermediate length scale by re-organising corner and edge-sharing GeSe4 tetrahedra. Above 8 GPa, both 5- and 6-fold coordinated Ge atoms began to form as the mean nearest-neighbour coordination number n and mean nearest-neighbour bond distance r both increased. A disagreement between the neutron diffraction and FPMD results above 8.5 GPa is attributed to the presence of an energy barrier. This barrier inhibits structural rearrangement in a cold-compression diffraction experiment, but allows them to occur via a high-temperature annealing stage in the simulations. Amorphous GeSe4 was studied at pressures up to 14.4 GPa using a combination of neutron diffraction and FPMD. The nearest-neighbour coordination environment was found to vary little across the measured pressure range, but structural transformations took place on an intermediate length scale as seen by the pressure-dependence of the second nearest-neighbour distance in the neutron diffraction results. The new experimental results are in accord with FPMD results and with those obtained from a study using x-ray diffraction (XRD). There are, however, major inconsistencies with the results obtained from a different study in which XRD was combined with empirical potential structure refinement (EPSR). It is hypothesised that this disagreement is due to the difficulty of modelling XRD results with EPSR for glasses in the Ge-Se system, where the x-ray atomic form factors of Ge and Se are similar. The reduced-density ρ/ρ0 dependence of the results was compared to that obtained for amorphous GeSe2, where ρ is the atomic number density at pressure and ρ0 is the atomic number density at ambient pressure. It was found that for both materials the local coordination environment does not change for ρ/ρ0 < 1.6. Amorphous As2Se3 was studied at pressures up to 14.4 GPa using a mixture of neutron diffraction, NDIS, and FPMD. At the total structure factor level, no change was observed to the nearest-neighbour coordination environment. The NDIS results do, however, suggest a change to the nearest-neighbour coordination environment beginning at 6 GPa. The results were compared to those found for two crystalline polymorphs of As2Se3, one prepared at ambient pressure and the other recovered to ambient conditions from high-pressure and -temperature. The differences between the coordination environments of these crystalline polymorphs pointed to some possible densification mechanisms in the glass. Ambient-pressure NDIS was also used to measure the full set of partial pair-distribution functions. Amorphous CaSiO3 was studied at pressures up to 17.5 GPa using neutron diffraction. The Si-O coordination number started to increase beyond a threshold pressure of 13 GPa, as compared to 15 GPa for amorphous SiO2. The results were used to test the validity of two sets of MD simulations that used different interatomic potentials and thermal processes for producing the glass. The results were found to agree with the MD simulations that used a cold-compression protocol.
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Lewis, Victoria M. "Suicidality in neurological conditions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6177/.
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This thesis combines two research papers. The first paper is a systematic literature review investigating risk factors associated with suicidality in Huntington’s disease. The review discusses the importance of clinicians using the identified factors as ‘red flags’ when screening for suicide ideation so that either preventative measures can be put in place or psychological interventions provided to ameliorate any distress. The second paper is an empirical study which explores the concept of ‘rational suicide’ in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It also investigates whether depression forms an important link between disability and suicide ideation, compares types of Progressive MS and examines whether there are differences in levels of suicide ideation for different disability types. The findings are discussed in terms of current literature, future research recommendations and clinical implications.
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Li, Yafei. "Conditions on x-̊movement." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14145.
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Ishihara, Shinichiro 1973. "Intonation and interface conditions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17020.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 179-184).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The thesis presents a theoretical and experimental investigation of the interaction between focus intonation pattern (FIP) and certain syntactic phenomena-especially those involving wh-questions-in Japanese. A phonological mechanism of FIP formation is proposed that accounts for the variety of FIPs observed in various syntactic configurations. In the FIPs of Japanese wh-questions, the F0 of wh-phrases is raised, and the F0 of following phrases is lowered. There is a correlation between the domain of Fo-lowering and the scope of the wh-phrase. In a matrix wh-question, Fo-lowering after the wh-phrase continues until the end of the sentence, while in the case of an indirect wh-question, it stops at the end of the embedded clause. I account for this FIP- Wh-scope correspondence as follows. A pair of phonological rules is proposed that manipulate the prominence relations between semantically focalized phrases and post-focus phrases. These rules apply cyclically during the course of syntactic derivations, rather than waiting until the whole sentence is syntactically composed. Adopting the Multiple Spell-Out analysis (Chomsky, 2000, 2001b), I propose that the phonological rules for FIP formation apply to Spell-Out domains, rather than to a whole sentence. This proposal departs from previous analyses of FIP in Japanese (Truckenbrodt, 1995; Selkirk, 2003; Sugahara, 2003) in two respects: (1) it does not refer to prosodic phrasing; and (2) it is based on a cyclic model instead of a single-output model. The analysis makes the following prediction: if there are two wh-phrases that take different scopes in a single sentence, two independent FIPs will be created at different Spell-Out domains. This prediction was tested instrumentally. The results show that such a pitch contour is possible, and confirms other predictions as well.
by Shinichiro Ishihara.
Ph.D.
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Nevins, Andrew. "Conditions on (dis)harmony." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28920.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 291-308).
(cont.) Chapter 4 turns to microvariation within the (dis)harmony system of a single language, examining transparency variation in Hungarian front vowels, and distance-based variation in Hungarian neutral vowel sequences, and in the dissimilative voicing of Embu prefixes. The proposal is that variation results from structural ambiguity within analytic possibilities in the hypothesis space developed in Chapters 1-3. When a configuration encountered early in the learning sequence is compatible with multiple (dis)harmony policies (i.e. parametric settings of harmony grammars), the speaker may choose among these, resulting in variation on those later-learned forms for which the policies diverge in their output.
This thesis explores the formal principles and parameters that model the space of attested, unattested, and microvarying patterns of vowel and consonant harmony. The proposal begins with a target-centric theory, in which harmony is the result of a Search, initiated by a segment "in need". Chapter 1 offers comparison with autosegmental, spreading-based models, arguing that the present model provides an explanatory account of locality effects in "non-constituent" copying in Turkish, Barra Gaelic, and Woleaian. It is proposed that harmony and dissimilation are conducted by the same mechanism--because both display intervener-based locality, and parametric bounds on the domain of search--and that they differ formally only in their structural change. Interveners, excluded from the relativized search domain, may stand between target and source, but search inviolably halts at the closest element within the domain. Chapter 2 proposes that the visibility conditions on interveners can be predicted by properties of contrastiveness within the inventory. Nonetheless, within closely-related languages, microparametrization of value-relativization may lead to dramatic differences in surface harmony patterns. Exemplification comes from three case studies: Standard Yoruba and Ife Yoruba; Sibe and Sanjiazi Manchu; and Kyrghyz, Karaim, and Turkish. Chapter 3 demonstrates that the typology of possible harmony systems has an additional (parametric) determinant: relative sonority. An implicational generalization is proposed: no language has a transparent unpaired vowel of high sonority at the same time it has an opaque unpaired vowel of lower sonority. Exemplification through Hungarian, Wolof, Finnish, and Written Manchu unites seemingly distinct cases of sonority-based
by Andrew Ira Nevins.
Ph.D.
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Kristensen, Emily, and Boberg Helen Sartz. "How are the conditions?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26723.
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The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse how school and social service in the city of Malmö cooperate regarding children at risk and what they do in order to meet their needs. We also aim to explore the view and knowledge of the personnel and their experience of the guardians’ impact during collaboration. The empirical data was collected by personal interviews with personnel from the school and social service. The results have been analysed from a theory of organizational culture and symbolic interaction.The study shows that the organizations have various forms of cooperation, whereof the majority occur in individual cases, and that preventative work is not a priority due to reorganisations and changes in society. One of the central aspects regarding collaboration is intervention in an early stage to meet the childrens needs. We question if this could be done if preventative work would be a low priority. Both parties experiencing frustration from the personnel of the other organization, which mainly occurs from lack of trust and knowledge about the working situation of the other. The personnel from school and social service consider themselves to have an understanding for the personnel of the other organization. However, this is not a comprehension, which the personnel are experiencing from the personnel of the other organization. The view of the personnel between school and social service differs, which could be explained by “language differences” seen from a perspective of symbolic interaction. The differences might decrease and result in a better understanding between the parties if preventative work were to be prioritized for creating networks and strengthen their relations. The results also show that the guardians have a significant impact concerning the organizations to be able to cooperate in individual cases. This is because the confidentiality needs to be removed in order to enable cooperation between the parties. One conclusion based on the results is that visions and guidelines are not conformed in what is possible to integrate in the daily practical work of the personnel. Furthermore, several political decisions have to be made in order to give the personnel in school and social service adequate conditions for cooperation.
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Owen, Glyn William. "Conditions for social discounting." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/conditions-for-social-discounting(76cfe0cc-0a1f-499c-8348-53c62a100082).html.
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Social discounting aims to compare the respective future consequences of differing courses of action for human well-being, and so to help decide on policies for matters as varied as climate change, transport and criminal justice. Social discounting is widely used, though some decisions are too trivial, or too urgent, for it to be justified. Even so, its pervasive use is at variance with scepticism about its moral foundations, and about whether the comparisons that it claims to make can be made at all. Debate has, however, concentrated on how, rather than on whether, social discounting should be done and the conditions upon which it must be based seem never to have been set out systematically. This thesis aims to fill that gap, by explaining the moral and practical conditions that must be met for social discounting to be justified. The conditions are demanding. It behoves policy makers to satisfy themselves more carefully than is now done that the conditions are met in respect of the decisions where use of social discounting is proposed, and to consider alternatives where one or more conditions is not met. The thesis takes for granted that human well-being counts morally. But social discounting requires that well-being is capable of being described through an objective list of desiderata and that some aspect of well-being is measurable, at least on a cardinal scale and inter-personally, implying commensurabilities amongst some of the things comprising or contributing to well-being. Some moral theories incorporate priorities, such as property rights or the interests of poor people. Priorities range from easy to meet to very difficult. Priorities of the latter type are inconsistent with social discounting, and are the basis for theories as varied as those of Nozick and Nussbaum. This thesis suggests that the theories consistent with social discounting may collectively be called ‘moderate welfarism’. Moderate welfarism allows room for priorities and other moral considerations provided only that the monetisable aspect of social well-being is morally important. Moderate welfarism is necessary but not sufficient for social discounting to be justifiable. Practical difficulties may make it incapable of implementation. One such difficulty is the well-known epistemic problem, but the thesis sets out nine such difficulties, each implying a condition that must be met if social discounting is to be capable of practical use. The thesis concludes that the moral and practical conditions that must be met for social discounting to be justified are demanding and, more speculatively, that some of the conditions are not widely understood leading to inappropriate use of the technique by governments.
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Wheeler, Jeffrey M. "Nanoindentation under dynamic conditions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/218320.
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Nanoindentation has emerged as a leading technique for the investigation of mechanical properties on small volumes of material. Extensive progress has been made in the last 20 years in refining the nstrumentation of nanoindentation systems and in analysis of the resulting data. Recent development has enabled investigation of materials under several dynamic conditions. The palladium-hydrogen system has a large miscibility gap, where the palladium lattice rapidly expands to form a hydrogen-rich β phase upon hydrogenation. Nanoindentation was used to investigate the mechanical effects of these transformations on foils of palladium. Study of palladium foils, which had been cycled through hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, allowed the extent of the transformed region to be determined. Unstable palladium foils, which had been hydrogenated and were subject to dynamic hydrogen loss, displayed significant hardening in the regions which were not expected to have transformed. The reason for this remains unclear. Impact indentation, where the indenter encounters the sample at relatively high speeds, can be used to probe the strain rate dependence of materials. By combining impact indentation and elevated temperature indentation, the strain rate dependence of the superelasticity of nickel-titanium was probed over a range of temperatures. Similar trends in elastic energy ratios with temperature were observed with the largest elastic proportions occurring at the Austenite finish transformation temperature. Multiple impact and scratch indentation are two modes of indentation which are thought to approximate erosive and abrasive wear mechanisms, respectively. These were utilised to investigate the wear resistance of several novel coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of Ti-6Al4-V. Multiple impact indentation results appear to subjectively rank the erosive wear performance of both ductile and brittle materials. Comparison of normalised performance of coating systems on aluminium in abrasive wear to scratch hardness showed similar degrees of resistance.
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Bouilloud, Ludovic. "Modélisation des caractéristiques de surface d'une chaussée en condition hivernale en fonction des conditions météorologiques." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00224994.
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En période hivernale, la présence de verglas ou de neige sur les chaussées peut avoir de graves conséquences sur le trafic routier. Dans le but de servir d'outil d'aide à la décision pour les services d'exploitation routiers, un modèle permettant de simuler le comportement d'une couche de neige se déposant sur une chaussée a été développé. Le modèle résulte du couplage des modèles ISBA et CROCUS, respectivement modèles de sol et de neige de Météo-France et préalablement adaptés à la problématique de la route. Le modèle a été validé à partir d'épisodes de chute de neige sur chaussées observés au cours d'une campagne expérimentale antérieure à ce travail (au cours des hivers 1997/98, 1998/99 et 1999/2000), menée sur le site expérimental de Météo-France au Col de Porte (1320m, Isère). La validation a été effectuée d'abord avec les données météorologiques mesurées, puis dans un contexte de prévision à partir du forçage du modèle SAFRAN. Les prévisions sur le site expérimental se sont révélées satisfaisantes, ainsi le modèle a été spatialisé à l'échelle de la France avec un résolution horizontale de 8km. L'hiver 2004/2005, comportant de nombreux épisodes de chutes de neige sur chaussées, a été simulé. La validation a été effectuée à partir de données issues de stations météoroutières de diverses autoroutes et de mesures des stations de Météo-France.
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Bouilloud, Ludovic. "Modélisation des caractéristiques de surface d’une chaussée en condition hivernale en fonction des conditions météorologiques." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30250.
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En période hivernale, la présence de verglas ou de neige sur les chaussées peut avoir de graves conséquences sur le trafic routier. Dans le but de servir d’outil d’aide à la décision pour les services d’exploitation routiers, un modèle permettant de simuler le comportement d’une couche de neige se déposant sur une chaussée a été développé. Le modèle résulte du couplage des modèles ISBA et CROCUS, respectivement modèles de sol et de neige de Météo-France. Le modèle a été validé à partir d’épisodes de chute de neige sur chaussées observés au cours d’une campagne expérimentale antérieure à ce travail, menée sur le site expérimental de Météo-France au Col de Porte (1320m, Isère). La validation a été effectuée d’abord avec les données météorologiques mesurées, puis dans un contexte de prévision. Les prévisions sur le site expérimental se sont révélées satisfaisantes, ainsi le modèle a été spatialisé à l’échelle de la France avec un résolution horizontale de 8km. L’hiver 2004/05, comportant de nombreux épisodes de chutes de neige sur chaussées, a été simulé. La validation a été effectuée à partir de données issues de stations météoroutières de diverses autoroutes et de mesures des stations de Météo-FranceDuring winter, ice or snow presence on the road might have serious consequences on road traffic. To develop a decision-making tool for road management in winter, a numerical model which permits to simulate snow behaviour on roads was developed. It results from the coupling of the ISBA and CROCUS models, which are respectively the soil and snow model of Météo-France. This model was validated thanks to observed snow on road events, resulting from a previous experimental field campaign led on the Météo-France experimental station located at the Col de Porte (1320m, Isère). The validation was first done with the meteorological data measured on the site, and then with forecasted data. Results of the forecast on the experimental site were satisfactory, so the model was spatialized at the France scale, with a 8km grid resolution. The 2004/05 winter, with many snow on road events, was simulated. The validation was done thanks to road station data from several Highways and thanks to measurement from the Météo-France stations network
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Weidling, Frederic [Verfasser]. "Variational Source Conditions and Conditional Stability Estimates for Inverse Problems in PDEs / Frederic Weidling." Göttingen : Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118965363X/34.
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le, coupanec erwan. "Boundary conditions for the lattice Boltzmann method : Mass conserving boundary conditions for moving walls." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10154.
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Based on the no-slip boundary condition for walls at rest for the lattice Boltzmann Bathnagar-Gross-Krook method by J.C.G. Verschaeve [Phys. Rev. 80,036703 (2009)], a no-slip boundary condition for walls with a tangential movement is derived. Numerical tests verify that the present boundary condition is second order accurate and stable for relaxation frequencies close to two.
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De, Silva Sarangu Hewage Srimawan Ajantha. "Amelioration of the physical conditions of sandy soils with organic amendments under tropical conditions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391721.
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Martin, Sally Louise. "Conditions and pre-conditions of royal female rule in Italy, c.450 - c.774." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428023.
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Gonzalez, Thierry. "Contributions aux conditions d'interface et conditions aux limites pour le systeme d'equations euler compressible." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066512.
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Dans cette these deux themes de recherche, ayant en commun l'etude du systeme d'equations euler compressible, sont presentes. Le premier est lie a l'utilisation de conditions d'interface dans le cadre des methodes de decomposition de domaine. Ces methodes repondent a des besoins en termes de capacite memoire et de rapidite de calcul, emis notamment par le secteur de l'aeronautique pour la resolution intensive de champs aerodynamique. Le second est lie aux recentes decouvertes de berenger, participant ainsi au renouveau des conditions aux limites. Ce travail, fruit d'une collaboration avec a. Rahmouni, est une mise en uvre numerique de resultats originaux de ce dernier, sur des conditions aux limites de berenger pour des problemes d'aero-acoustique.
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Savin, Anton, and Boris Sternin. "Eta invariant and parity conditions." Universität Potsdam, 2000. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2586/.
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We give a formula for the η-invariant of odd order operators on even-dimensional manifolds, and for even order operators on odd-dimensional manifolds. Geometric second order operators are found with nontrivial η-invariants. This solves a problem posed by P. Gilkey.
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Khatchadourian, Armen. "Lipid droplets under stressful conditions." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116901.
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Lipid droplets (LDs) are phylogenetically conserved and ubiquitous organelles with many cellular functions. In the last two decades, our understanding of LD biology and of their roles in physiological processes has increased dramatically. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that LDs are highly involved in inflammatory processes, and in metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite such advancement, many aspects of LD biology and of their roles in health and disease remain unknown.The core of LDs is highly enriched with neutral lipids and these can be mobilized to provide metabolic energy. The phospholipid monolayer surrounding the LD core is associated with a wide variety of proteins, including structural and signaling proteins, as well as metabolic enzymes. While LDs may be induced by physiological stimuli such as dietary fatty acids, they can also be formed under stressful conditions, in the absence of such fatty acids. However, exactly how cellular stress leads to LD accumulation remains unclear. Our main objective is to understand the regulation of LD formation under stressful conditions, specifically oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic stress. We first investigated LDs in cells exposed to environmental stressors, namely cytotoxic metallic nanoparticles and reactive oxygen species. LD formation and expression of perilipin-2, a key structural LD protein, were highly increased in rodent cells exposed to these stress agents. Interestingly, supplementation with antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine or pharmacological inhibition of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) reduced stress-induced LD accumulation, suggesting that oxidative stress and p38 MAPK activation play a role in the induction of LD formation. Inflammatory leukocytes and macrophages contain a large number of LDs. While this phenomenon has been widely investigated in peripheral immune cells, its explanation remains elusive in immune cells of the central nervous system. We therefore investigated LD dynamics and regulation in microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain. We found that stimulation of microglia with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), increased LD formation and perilipin-2 expression in an Akt and p38 MAPK-dependent manner. Interestingly, LPS-induced LDs extensively colocalized with cytosolic phospholipase A2-α (cPLA2-α), a key enzyme involved in the synthesis of eicosanoids, which are inflammatory lipid mediators. Collectively, these findings imply that LD formation may contribute to increased eicosanoid synthesis in activated microglia and could be microglial biomarkers of inflammation in the central nervous system. To gain a better insight into the role of LDs in human pathology, we sought to examine alterations in LD metabolism in pancreatic tissue obtained from T2DM and obese individuals. Immunohistochemical studies revealed increased islet and extra-islet perilipin-2 expression in tissues from lean or obese T2DM donors, but not in non-T2DM obese donors, suggesting that the diabetic status, but not the obesity status, is a requirement for increasing perilipin-2 expression and LD formation. Gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR confirmed the increase in perilipin-2 expression and revealed significant alterations in several genes related to islet function, metabolism and antioxidant defense. These alterations seem to be consistently associated with obesity and T2DM and imply an adaptive and compensatory response to insulin resistance and metabolic stress. In summary, our studies show that LDs are an integral part of the adaptive cellular response to oxidative, inflammatory and metabolic stress. Perhaps, the most important challenge in LD research in the upcoming decade will be to determine how the subcellular lipid and protein composition of this organelle affects its function in different cells.Les gouttelettes lipidiques (GL) sont des organites phylogénétiquement conservées et impliquées dans plusieurs fonctions cellulaires. Durant les deux dernières décennies, notre compréhension des rôles biologiques et physiologiques des GL a augmenté de manière draconienne. Plusieurs observations suggèrent fortement que les GL jouent un rôle important dans l'inflammation, ainsi que dans les désordres métaboliques tels que le diabète de type 2 (DT2). Malgré cette avancée, plusieurs aspects de la biologie des GL et de leurs rôles dans des maladies demeurent méconnus.Le centre des GL est riche en lipides neutres qui peuvent se mobiliser et servir comme source d'énergie. La couche phospholipidique entourant le centre de la GL est associée à plusieurs protéines et enzymes métaboliques. Bien que les GL puissent être induites par des acides gras, elles peuvent aussi l'être dans des conditions de stress. Par contre, les mécanismes de l'accumulation de GL par des conditions de stress ne sont pas encore bien compris. Notre objectif principal est de comprendre la régulation de la formation de GL par le stress oxydatif, l'inflammation et le stress métabolique. Premièrement, nous avons investigué les GL dans des cellules exposées à des stresseurs tels que des nanocrystaux métalliques et des dérivés réactifs d'oxygène. La formation de GL et l'expression de perilipin-2, qui est une protéine structurelle des GL, ont tous deux augmenté dans les cellules stressées. De plus, une supplémentation en antioxydant (n-acétylcystéine) ou un traitement avec un inhibiteur de p38 MAPK a réduit l'accumulation de GL causée par le stress. Ces observations suggèrent que le stress oxydatif et p38 MAPK jouent un rôle dans l'accumulation de GL dans des cellules stressées. Il est bien connu que les leucocytes et macrophages qui sont engagés dans l'inflammation contiennent une grande quantité de GL. Même si ce phénomène a bien été exploré dans les cellules immunitaires périphériques, il reste inexploré dans le système nerveux central (SNC). Ce faisant, nous avons investigué la dynamique et la régulation des GL dans les microglies, les cellules résidentes immunitaires dans le cerveau. Nous avons trouvé que dans les microglies stimulées avec les lipopolysaccharides (LPS), les GL et l'expression de perilipin-2 ont augmenté d'une manière dépendante de l'activation de l'Akt et p38 MAPK. Dans ces cellules activées, la phospholipase cytosolique A2-α (PLC A2-α), une enzyme fonctionnant dans la synthèse d'éicosanoides, des médiateurs lipidiques inflammatoires, colocalisait avec les GL. Ensemble, ces résultats indiquent que la formation de GL pourrait contribuer à la synthèse d'éicosanoides dans les microglies activées et servir de biomarqueurs d'inflammation dans le SNC.Pour mieux comprendre le rôle des GL dans la pathologie humaine, nous les avons examinées dans des tissues pancréatiques provenant de patients obèses ou diabétiques T2. Nos études immunohistochimiques ont révélé une augmentation de perilipin-2 dans les îlots de Langerhans chez les patients diabétiques obèses ou maigres, mais pas dans ceux de patients non-diabétiques. Ceci suggère que le DT2, mais non l'obésité, est requis pour une augmentation de perilipin-2 dans le pancréas. L'analyse d'expression de gènes par RT-PCR a confirmé l'augmentation de perilipin-2 observé antérieurement dans les îlots et a également révélé des altérations dans des gènes reliés aux fonctions des îlots, au métabolisme, et aux défenses anti-oxydantes. Ces changements, qui sont souvent associés à l'obésité et au DT2, constituent un mécanisme d'adaptation à la résistance à l'insuline et au stress métabolique.Pour résumer, nos études démontrent que l'accumulation de GL fait partie intégrante de l'adaptation des cellules au stress. Durant la prochaine décennie, le plus grand obstacle dans la recherche sur les GL sera de déterminer comment la composition lipidique ou protéinique de ces organites affecte leurs fonctions biologiques.
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Gargiulo, Grazia. "Bacteria transport under unsaturated conditions." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983634459.
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Rudolph, Thomas James. "Institutional responsibility for economic conditions /." Diss., ON-CAMPUS Access For University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Click on "Connect to Digital Dissertations", 2001. http://www.lib.umn.edu/articles/proquest.phtml.
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Cho, JunMo. "The nature of legibility conditions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ49920.pdf.
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Chaukar, Amar S. "Transit operations under emergency conditions." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007m/chaukar.pdf.
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Hamilton, Martin. "Finiteness conditions in group cohomology." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/182/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2008.Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Information and Mathematical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Hoefsloot, Hubertus Cornelis Josef. "Marangoni convection under microgravity conditions." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University of Groningen] [Host], 1992. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.
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Holman, Grady Talley Thomas Robert Evans. "Patient handling restrictions & conditions." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Dissertations/Holman_Grady_7.pdf.
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Moody, Philip. "Neighbourhood conditions on topological spaces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236175.
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Núñez, Magro Ángel Alberto. "New reactions under homogeneous conditions." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/482.
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BDTBPMB has been proven to be an essential ligand in carbonylation chemistry. Its two tert-butyl groups and wide bite angle give it the ideal characteristics for this kind of chemistry, and leads to high activity and selectivity with use of its complexes. During this work the group of reactions where this ligand has been proven to be active has been extended with two new protocols for hydroxycarbonylation and aminocarbonylation. In the hydroxycarbonylation process, a large variety of unsaturated compounds were studied. Dioxane was found to be the ideal solvent, due to its properties in terms of coordinability, and miscibility with water. Using this solvent as the medium, a BDTBPMB complex of palladium was found to be highly active and selective under mild conditions. Initial attempts to address the aminocarbonylation of alkenes catalysed by the Pd/BDTBPMB system did not give high activity. This problem was overcome by the addition of an arylalcohol. Under those conditions, high selectivity and conversion was obtained in a wide variety of amides. However, attempts to address the aminocarbonylation of alkenes with ammonia gas to generate primary amides did not result in any conversion. The generation of these primary amides was obtained with transamidation of N-phenylnonamides which can be prepared by aminocarbonylation. Amides have been successfully hydrogenated to amines catalysed by a Ru/Triphos system. This system has been proven to be highly active in this reaction. High selectivities have been obtained in the generation of secondary amine. However, initial results of the hydrogenation of primary amides resulted in no formation of primary amines. A careful analysis of the mechanism of the formation of various products from the hydrogenation of primary amides allows the selective formation of primary amines by the ruthenium/Triphos system in the presence of ammonia. The possibility of the generation of primary amides in situ from acids under hydrogenation conditions, giving primary amines was explored with high conversion and moderate selectivities. To complete this work, a system based on a palladium complex for the decarboxylation of benzoic acids was developed. Usually, the decarboxylation reactions catalysed by copper require high temperatures. However, palladium complexes of highly electron donating ligands such as BDTBPMB or P([superscript]tBu)₃ were found to be highly active under milder conditions. This catalytic system was proven to be active in desulfonation reactions giving high conversion.
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Millar, David Iain Archibald. "Energetic materials at extreme conditions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8213.
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In order to effectively model the behaviour of energetic materials under operational conditions it is essential to obtain detailed structural information for these compounds at elevated temperature and/or pressures. The structural characterisation of the high explosives RDX and CL-20 and a series of inorganic azides [Mn+(N3)n] at extreme conditions is described herein. In addition to the characterisation of a highly metastable β -form of RDX (1,3,5- trinitrohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine) at atmospheric pressure, the structure solution of a high-pressure/ high-temperature polymorph is described. This form, obtained above 4.3 GPa and 450 K, has been shown to be distinct from the β -form and has therefore been denoted - RDX. Furthermore, ε -RDX is sufficiently metastable to allow its recovery to ambient pressure at 150 K; it only transforms to the α -form upon warming to 230 K. Finally, the ambient-temperature compression of RDX has been investigated to a maximum pressure of 23.0 GPa, using methanol:ethanol (4:1) as the pressure-transmitting medium; no phase transition was observed under these conditions, other than the α → γ transition at 3.9 GPa. The structure of a high-pressure polymorph of CL-20 (2,4,6,8,10,12- hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) has also been determined by a combination of powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compression of γ -CL-20 to above 0.7 GPa using Fluorinert (FC-77) as the pressure-transmitting medium results in a phase transition to the ζ -form, which has been found to display structural similarities with both theγ γ - and ε -forms. The high-pressure behaviour of CL-20, however, depends markedly on the starting polymorph and the pressure-transmitting medium selected. Compression of γ -CL-20 in MeOH:EtOH (4:1) results in the formation of a 2:1 CL-20:MeOH solvate at 0.5 GPa. This solvate is stable upon compression to P > 5.0 GPa. It may also be recovered to ambient pressure at 293 K. Meanwhile, no phase transition is observed during the compression of ε -CL-20 to a maximum pressure of 7.2 GPa. Finally, a series of inorganic azides [NaN3, CsN3, TlN3, NH4N3, AgN3 and Pb(N3)2] has been characterised under a range of pressure and temperature conditions. Of the six compounds studied, all displayed at least one polymorphic transition – 5 new forms have been structurally characterised in this work and evidence of another 5 is presented. The combined effect of pressure and temperature results in sodium azide adopting a tetragonal structure common to larger alkali metal azides. Caesium azide has been shown to undergo three phase transitions during compression to 6.0 GPa – the structure of the first high-pressure form is reported. A variable temperature X-ray powder diffraction study of TlN3 has allowed the structural characterisation of the low-temperature TlN3-IV (at 230 K) as well as providing evidence for a phase transition to a high-temperature form above 550 K. The high-pressure form III (obtained above 0.76 GPa) has also been determined by neutron powder diffraction. Silver, ammonium and lead(II) azides have all been shown to undergo a phase transition at high pressures. Compression of silver azide (P > 0.80 GPa) removes an orthorhombic distortion observed at atmospheric pressure, resulting in the tetragonal structure adopted by CsN3 and TlN3 under ambient conditions. Moreover, NH4N3 and Pb(N3)2 have been found to undergo phase transitions at 2.6 GPa, although their high-pressure structures have still to be determined.
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Lavda, Anastasia C. "Psychological factors in skin conditions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1108/.
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Källestål, Carina. "Periodontal conditions in Swedish adolescents." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 1991. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96913.
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Misawa, Elisa. "Culture conditions for dextransucrase biosynthesis." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283262.
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Merat, Nadine. "Conditions d'obtention de l'alcool tétrahydrofurfurylique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376162864.
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Leach, Sandie Patricia. "Density conditions on Gabor frames." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-180257/unrestricted/leach%5Fsandie%5Fp%5F200312%5Fms.pdf.
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