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Academic literature on the topic 'Conditions économiques – Bretagne (France) – 16e siècle'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conditions économiques – Bretagne (France) – 16e siècle"
Dufournaud, Nicole. "Rôles et pouvoirs des femmes au XVIe siècle dans la France de l'Ouest." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0146.
Full textIn the ninety seventies, Joan Jelly asked the question: "Did women have a Renaissance?". The American historian answered negatively. Corning back to this question is moderating it and wondering about the woman's role in the economical and conjunctural dynamism of the XVI th century, as well as about the evolution of the statute of women of power. By describing real cases, we want to stress structural problems of a society that destroys itself and then recreates it. Through a regional study, women are taken into account in the social and economical dynamism of the Renaissance society and we show what they gained and lost
Cucarull, Jérôme. "Les industries en Ille-et-Vilaine dans la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle : adaptations et inerties d'un département rural face à la seconde industrialisation." Brest, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BRES1009.
Full textIn the 19th century, Brittany missed the chance of an economic take-off. After an analysis of Ille-et-Vilaine, we can determine the reasons and the mechanisms of this evolution, which occured in a region that remained quite a lot rural. Outside towns, the only industrial concentrations were bound to the presence of natural resources. The general disaster happened toward 1880 1890 and affected the main sectors of the economy (the textile industries, iron-works and mines). Only subsisted traditional industries, which hold on as well as they could. The new (chemical, electrical) activities were not developped a lot. Mecanization was heavy. But the evolutions in the industrial network and outputs, as well as the assessment of the quantity and the origin of assets showed an insufficient adaptation to the modern economy. Capitalists firms were rare. As the economy of the department opened itself, competitivity was strengthened, but the study of the labour work confirms the fact that there was no unified labour market. Decline was certainly to happen, in spite of all controls means
Dormois, Jean-Pierre. "Performance et productivité dans les économies française et britannique à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040155.
Full textThis thesis consists in a critical examination of the tenets commonly held in recent work on comparative anglo-french economic history. It focusses on the decade prior to 1914 at a time of an unprecedented boom in french industrial output and a comparatively more stagnant british economy. However, it is not so much fluctuations than industrial organisation and productive capacity that it is concerned with. It attempts to assess the reality of two supposedly radically different patterns of industrialization across the english channel. As opposed to the results obtained by o'brien & keyder (1978), our comparison of anglo-french indicators of labour productivity (used here as a proxy to tepg) for the 3 sectors of the economy, point to the existence of a sizeable gap between the two to the detriment of france. This gap ranges from one third in agriculture of the uk productive capacity to two thirds in manufacturing industry up to 80 % in some services like banking. In the formulation of explanatory hypotheses for these differentials, insights are given on the quality and composition of the labour force, size and organisation of firms as well as capital usage. These inroads lead us to observe that structural change, commonly assigned as the major sources of productivity advance, had not been as extensive in france as in the uk, not so much because of consumer and producer preferences but because of important market segmentation and restrictive practice
Dubois, Xavier. "Les mutations des systèmes sardiniers en Bretagne Sud au dix-neuvième siècle." Lorient, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LORIL002.
Full textThe sardine activities in South Brittany during the first part of the 19th century present many similarities with these of the previous century. But because of the diffusion of Appert techniques and the settling of numerous canning factories[. . . ]
Charpentier, Emmanuelle. "Le littoral et les hommes : espaces et sociétés des côtes nord de la Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458863.
Full textDelignon, Gaëlle. "Urbanisme et architecture balnéaires de Saint-Malo-Paramé : l'invention d'un site (1840-1940)." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20008.
Full textFrom the middle of the 19th century, the British sea-bathing practises are imported in France, mainly by members of the aristocracy. From 1840, in Saint-Malo, new urban areas are growing outside of the walls, from the focal point of the beach, with bathing machines, a grand hotel and a casino nearby. The ancient shipping and fishing activities are quickly replaced by new seasonal leisure practises. At the end of the 19th century, Parame, the rural extension of Saint-Malo, is discovered by a powerful banker who turns the unbuilt and sandy site of the village into a new town, based on a regular grid. The urban space is based on the centre formed by remarkable buildings, like palaces, casinos and piers. The group of resorts of the emerald coast are linked, at the turn of the century, equally by boat, by train or by tram. The tourist requires an individual house, which is the only way to create a new relationship with the maritim environment. Therefore, the villa presents some specific points, in relation to the landscape, to the new practise of domesticity, and to the theory in the field of domestic architecture. The series of villas built during the eclectic period give way, after first world war, to a regional production, trying to mix rural and modern influences. As seaside architecture is indeed a branch of domestic architecture, and considering the perfect present conservation state of the villas of Saint-Malo, these must be preserved by individuals, as well as councils
Le, Roy Thierry. "Les Bretons et l'aéronautique des origines à 1939." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20034.
Full textAs early as the nineteenth century and the birth of aeronautics, at the same time when Nantes was discovering airships, some men from Finistère became famous as flight pioneers. Beyond the cultural fracture between the two regions, it seems that geography is a likely explanation to those diverging interests. Inland Brittany, open up to the French commercial network, was turning its back on maritime Brittany, open onto the ocean, a prime source of inspiration for all seamen. The invention of planes emphasized those differences. Even befor WWI, the Navy recruited their pilots among seamen of modest origin, born in sea ports, whereas the Army called up reservists before opening their ranks to unemployed cavalrymen, born in well-off families of higher Brittany. The presence of the Navy in Brittany contributed to the presence of numerous Bretons in the French Fleet air arm between WWI and WW2. The opening out onto the ocean was equally to lead the Bretons into planning air connections with america and the building of ground installations different from those envisaged by the towns of Inland Brittany, whose airfield building programmes were directed towards Paris and Europe. The arrival of a new generation, as the Air Force was being created was to soften the differences between the two Brittanys but it is WW2 that was to bring the fatal blow to seaplanes, by wiping out all that had made maritime Brittany different for nearly half century
Tonnerre, Noël-Yves. "Naissance de la Bretagne : les structures territoriales, économiques et sociales de la Bretagne méridionale, Nantais, Vannetais de la fin du VIIIe à la fin du XIIe siècle." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100124.
Full textConnected with the Valley of Loire and Aquitania, the Southern Brittany (Nantais, Vannetais) presents a real originality usually neglected, so much is strong the traditional opposition between upper and lower Brittany. The target her been here, from a written documentation completed by learnings of archeology, palynology, toponymy, to restore a historical geography and social structures during a long time, from the 8th century when begins carolingian submission up to 13th century under the Plantagenets's rule when the French influence becomes essential. Following this long prospect the continuity has been underlined as for the ground occupation, the scattered peopling and stability of some territorial districts. The continuity of religious sites from Antiquity, the curious institution of the Machtierns, Principes Plebis, a Breton originality, have been studied. We have found also three major turning points. The Carolingian period has been determined by a new political geography, the birth of a new administration near Frankish administration, the network of the parishes, the growth of salt production. The second third part of the 11th century (1030-1060) has been determined by the
Robin, Dominique. "Les pêcheurs de la sardine au Pays Basque et en Bretagne au XVIIIe siècle : deux mondes en rivalité et aux franges de la pauvreté." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20040.
Full textLeray, Frédéric. "Les mères seules et leurs espaces de vie : Mobilités résidentielles et pratiques quotidiennes de l’espace des femmes seules avec enfant(s) en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551602/fr/.
Full textThe growing instability of couples, married or not, has largely contributed to the increase of single parenthood. Nowadays, 20% of French families with children are single-parent families. Among these families, 85% are women-headed (Insee, 2006). While several studies have been devoted to understand the poverty of women with children, researches on their living spaces and their spatial practices are uncommon. This is why the model of « social space of vulnerability » (Séchet and al. , 2002) offers an interesting framework to support the methodology of the doctoral research. The methodology combines a quantitative method (questionnaire) and a qualitative one (interviews), allowing us to measure the constraints of residential and daily mobilities on single mothers lives. Firstly, it appears that single parenthood involves residential mobility and residential regression because of a limited choice of housing (localisation, status). Secondly, the analysis has shown that residential mobility comes often with a diminution of social networks, time, capacity for mobility and therefore, by a retraction of the living spaces. Finally, the research has revealed various forms of vulnerability (economic, social, spatial) interacting with each other and leading to cumulative risks: poverty, spatial marginalization and social exclusion