Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Condoms – Utilisation – Québec (Province)'
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Bigirimana, Eric. "Les déterminants de l'intention d'utiliser un condom chez les immigrants africains et caribéens de première et deuxième générations infectés du VIH/Sida au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25191/25191.pdf.
Full textGilbert, Marie-Line. "Utilisation du système téléphonique Info-Santé CLSC pour la surveillance des gastro-entérites d'origine hydrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18224.
Full textLalande, Dominique. "Paspébiac, établissement jersiais : utilisation de l'espace et marchandises de consommation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29325.
Full textPaquet-Gauthier, Myriam. "Sens influencés de l'anglais en français au Québec : utilisation, perception et intégration." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26506.
Full textCette recherche porte sur le phénomène de l'influence sémantique de l'anglais sur le français au Québec. Nous nous intéressons en particulier à la relation entre la perception qu'ont les locuteurs québécois de sens influencés de l'anglais et les conditions d'utilisation et d'intégration de ces sens à la signification lexicale en français. Cette question est abordée à travers l'étude de 19 unités lexicales traditionnellement considérées comme des emprunts sémantiques à l'anglais. Suivant une double analyse menée sur un corpus lexicographique composé de 61 ouvrages et sur un corpus de productions authentiques appartenant à différents types de discours d'un volume total de 427,5 millions d'occurrences-mots, il apparaît que le facteur principal permettant à un sens « étranger » d'être utilisé en français n'est pas lié exclusivement à la ressemblance formelle entre les unités lexicales en français et en anglais, mais est plutôt d'ordre sémantique. Le degré d'intégration de ce sens « étranger » à la signification lexicale dépend de la perception, par les locuteurs, d'une communauté de sens entre celui-ci et les autres acceptions de l'unité lexicale.
Madakadze, Ignacio Casper. "Physiology, productivity and utilisation of warm season (C4) grasses in a short growing season area." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34661.
Full textDaley, Meagan. "The impact and economic costs of insomnia : health-care utilisation, work function and accidents." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24345/24345.pdf.
Full textGolo, Kossi Thomas. "Three essays on the impact of financial incentives, waiting times and home care on patients' health and utilization of health care services in Quebec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66863.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is composed of three separate and independent chapters that aim to analyze certain health policies in Quebec, including financial incentives, waiting times and home care on patients’ health and the use of hospital services. The first chapter focuses on the impact of financial incentives on the health of patients in Quebec, especially the case of specialized care. It should be noted, first of all, that the demand for health care has increased significantly in Quebec in recent years for certain types of surgery. This increase, which has many causes, including demographic changes, resulted in higher waiting times than the medically required times for these surgeries. To solve this problem, the Quebec government implemented in 2004 the Access to Surgery Program (ASP) to financially encourage hospitals to perform more surgeries for which waiting times were longer. This program allowed to reduce the average waiting time for these surgeries, but has also led to an increase in expenses related to these surgeries. These increased expenditures were also due to some weaknesses in the program. A major reform, which consisted mainly of modifying the financial incentives, took place in April 2011, so that the funding would support good practice and the choice of the most appropriate technical platform. Our study, which is a first evaluation of this reform, aims to analyze the impact of this reform on the health of patients, including the length of stay in hospital after surgery and readmissions post-discharge. The results show a significant decrease in length of stay after the introduction of the reform and a non-significant impact on urgent readmissions post-discharge within 30 days. In the first chapter, the various policies were initially motivated by excessive waiting times. Yet, few studies have analyzed the impact of wait times on patient health in Quebec. This vi is the purpose of the second chapter, to analyze whether a high waiting time is associated with a risk of deterioration of the patients’ health. We use empirical models to analyze this problem. We introduce the differential distance from the patients’ home to the nearest hospital relative to the nearest hospital among hospitals with low wait times as an instrumental variable to account for the potential endogeneity of the waiting time. In this chapter, we analyze health variables in terms of the probability of urgent readmission post-discharge within 30 days and excess length of stay (additional length of stay after the maximum recommended length of stay). The results show that long waiting times increase the likelihood of emergency readmissions for patients who had a knee surgery, a thoracic or cardiovascular surgery, a neurosurgery or a surgery for a tumor of the uterus. There is no significant effect of waiting times on the probability of readmission for hip and prostate surgeries. Long waiting times also increase the hospital length of stay and costs of hospitalization for knee and hip surgeries. The aging of the Quebec population is leading to many crucial issues for health care services, particularly home care for the elderly (OIIQ, 2017). Home care is composed of all health care that public or private institutions provide to individuals in their homes. These services are desirable for anyone who needs care for chronic illnesses, palliative care, rehabilitation care, end-of-life care, or care for loss of autonomy linked to aging. Home care could be a safe, low-cost alternative to health care in hospital. Home care, thus contributes to people to stay at home and receive paramedical services from nurses and care assistants, coordinated with those received from other home care providers such as physiotherapists, housekeepers and carers. In the third chapter, we analyze the extent to which hospital services and home care for the elderly are substitutes. We also analyze the impact of home care on admission to long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Our analysis shows that increased home care for the elderly reduces the probability of admission and the length of stay in emergency. The effect of home care is greater for seniors with less disabilities. The results also show that an increase in home care reduces the probability of being admitted to LTCFs.
Bonneau, Marc-André. "La participation sociale et ses retombées dans une perspective de santé et bien-être pour une communauté rurale québécoise." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32807.
Full textProulx, Marie-Claude. "Les croyances et les attitudes des adolescentes et des adolescents à l'égard des méthodes de contraception : une affaire de sexe." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/46588.
Full textKestens, Yan. "Utilisation du sol, accessibilité et profil des ménages : effets sur le choix résidentiel et la valeur des propriétés = Land use, accessibility and household profiles : their effects on residential choice and house values." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21646/21646.pdf.
Full textThis thesis explores and develops various analytical methods in order to better understand residential choice and the implicit prices of single-family property markets. The area of study is Quebec City, whereas most of the work relies on single-family property transactions that occurred during the 1986-1987 and 1993-2001 periods. A phone survey held between 2000 and 2002 gave additional information on the choice criteria and household profiles of 800 of these actual property buyers. In a first chapter, the impact of the surrounding land use and vegetation is measured using hedonic modelling. Land-use data are extracted from both a mosaic of aerial photographs, and from a Landsat TM-5 image. Various measures of land use, at different spatial scales, are introduced within the hedonic models. More specifically, the heterogeneous impact of vegetation, depending on relative proximity to the Main Activity Centre, is shown. In a second chapter, motivations for moving and residential and neighbourhood choice criteria are analysed. A Correspondence Analysis underscores the links between choice criteria and the psychological and geographical theories of Place-Identity and perception spaces. Also, logistic regressions measure the odds of mentioning a criteria depending on the household profile and location. Previous tenure status, age, income, household structure and location are significantly related to various residential choice criteria. Finally, in a third chapter, the household-level data are introduced within the hedonic framework, using Casetti’s expansion method and Geographically Weighted Regressions. The heterogeneity of implicit prices is analysed regarding the buyer’s household profile. Not only does the marginal value of certain attributes vary regarding the buyer’s profile, but it appears that income and previous tenure status have a direct impact on property values. This thesis, through the development of new methods aiming at analysing residential markets and residential choices, contributes to further understanding the complex links between the socio-demographic dimension of households, their residential choice criteria, and the spatial structure of Quebec City.
Côté, Michel. "La garnison et le jardin : de la lutte à l'étalement urbain au projet de rurbanisation : analyse du régime aménagiste québécois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26382.
Full textNormandeau, Bonneau Mélanie. "Utilisation du bourdon Bombus impatiens pour la gestion de la pollinisation de pommiers sous filet d'exclusion en verger commercial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67940.
Full textHaving demonstrated their effectiveness in many contexts, exclusion nets are increasingly used to control crop pests. However, pollination management under nets must be better studied if they are to be widely used. For this research, the pollination effectiveness of commercial bumblebee hives of Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) was studied for apple production under exclusion nets in a research orchard located in Quebec over a period of two years. Yield and fruit quality (weight, size, number of seeds) data were analyzed at the end of the season to compare 1) the pollination of commercial bumblebees with that of bees in the orchard environment, and 2) two positionings of commercial hives under exclusion nets. Results show that under exclusion nets, bumblebees provided adequate pollination and fruit quality was equivalent to apple fruits conventionally pollinated by honeybees and wild bees. Moreover, we found that positioning the commercial bumblebee hives in the middle of the tree row provided a better fruit load homogeneity compared to the positioning at one end of the row.
Zarié, Alexandre. "Les écoles polyvalentes au Québec : historique, finalités éducatives, architecture scolaire et usages pédagogiques." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69711.
Full textToday's teaching practices are often held in space settings defined by past generations. Teaching-learning situations in high schools, often take place in institutions formerly known as comprehensive schools built during the 1960s/'70s. This M.A. thesis is linked to the Schola.ca project which studies the characteristics of Quebec's elementary and high schools, in order to provide tools for their renovation and optimization. In this context, our research studies the school spaces in high schools, as well as teacher's practices within them. Numerous official documents, architectural plans and journals were analyzed, in order to understand how socio-economic, political, architectural and mainly educational factors have influenced the design and definition of these schools. Moreover, a discussion with two teachers from a high school in the City of Quebec area has allowed a better understanding of how teachers adapt the scholastic spaces to fit their needs. Thanks to the various theoretical tools developed by space sociologists and sociologists of education, we were able to better understand the links between the design of school spaces following the Parent Report (comprehensive schools) and the current use of these same spaces by teachers. Focusing on space practices through a case study in a high school located in the City of Quebec area, our research aims to inform the Schola.ca project on how teachers take over space or adapt it to their needs.
Sirois, Marie-Josée. "Impact des barrières à l'accessibilité aux soins de réadaptation sur l'état de santé des victimes de traumatismes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24102/24102.pdf.
Full textGosselin, Emmanuelle. "Utilisation des benzodiazépines et des autres sédatifs-hypnotiques chez les aînés québécois atteints de maladies chroniques : tendances de 2000 à 2016." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67775.
Full textBackground Benzodiazepines and other sedative-hypnotics are associated with increased risks of adverse events. Heightened awareness towards risks may have changed prescribing habits over the years. However, these trends are not fully described, especially in vulnerable people such as multimorbid older adults. Objective We aimed at describing the annual prevalence of benzodiazepine and other sedative-hypnotic use in relation with multimorbidity among older adults in the province of Quebec, Canada, from 2000 to 2016. Method We conducted a population-based study using the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System. We included all individuals aged ≥ 66 years covered by the public drug plan. For each year, we evaluated the age and sex-standardized proportion of benzodiazepine and other sedative-hypnotic users, defined as individuals with of at least one drug claim in the year. We stratified our results according to multimorbidity and used log-binomial regression to study trends. Results The proportion of individuals using benzodiazepines decreased from 34.8% in 2000 to 24.8% in 2016 (p for trend < 0.001). Multimorbid peopl (≥ two chronic diseases) remained the highest users over the years, with 43.3% and 30.6% of them being users in 2000 and 2016, respectively. Conversely, the proportion of users increased for other sedatives, particularly for trazodone and quetiapine, rising from 5.4% to 8.4% (p<0.001), and especially among multimorbid individuals (from 7.4% to 11.6%). Conclusion Older adults used less frequently benzodiazepines but more quetiapine and trazodone in recent years. The use of these medications, particularly in multimorbid people at risk of adverse events, has to be addressed.
Taillon, Joëlle. "Condition physique, allocation maternelle et utilisation spatio-temporelle des aires de mise bas du caribou migrateur, rangifer tarandus." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29639/29639.pdf.
Full textLaliberté, Jean-Philippe. "Utilisation des méthodes multicritères d'aide à la décision pour le choix d'un meilleur scénario de gestion des sédiments contaminés : cas du lac Saint-Augustin." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29425/29425.pdf.
Full textRemediation actions scoped on the contaminated sediments of Lake Saint-Augustin are essential to control the main internal phosphorus intake that accelerates the eutrophication of the lake. Several restoration scenarios combining hydraulic and mechanical dredging, phosphorus inactivation with alum treatment and active capping using limestone are developed on the most heavily contaminated areas of the lake. The use of multicriteria methods for decision support helps to assess the best restoration scenario on the basis of technical, economic, environmental and social criteria. The inactivation of phosphorus by alum followed by the application of a limestone cap on the most heavily contaminated areas of the lake as well as the hydraulic dredging of these areas with polymerisation and filtration of pumped sediments through a filter bag appear to be the two most efficient scenarios to implement at Lake Saint-Augustin on a large scale. Mechanical dredging scenarios come last, even behind the do-nothing option.
Gonthier, Catherine. "Impact du profil d'utilisation des services de santé sur le diagnostic de cancer du col utérin au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24970/24970.pdf.
Full textChampagne, Marie-Pier. "Les impacts du transport en commun sur les constructions immobilières commerciales et résidentielles : le cas du métro de Montréal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67988.
Full textThis master thesis aims to evaluate the impact of the extension of the orange line of the metro from Montreal to Laval on real estate development. The empirical analysis focuses on its impact on the location and quantification of commercial and residential constructions, between 1998 and 2017. The main hypothesis is that new commercial constructions will be spatially concentrated around the stations, leaving less room for new residential construction, which will be located just outside the commercial zone. To test this hypothesis, a pairing approach is chosen, in which the number of new commercial and residential constructions are the dependent variables. A 2 kilometers area around the stations is separated into a hexagonal mesh, where the hexagons represent the individual entities. In order to compare the effect of new constructions, a comparison between two groups, one likely to be influenced by the arrival of new stations (treatment) and another most likely less affected (control), is carried out with an incremental approach. Each of the groups is generated by zones based on the distance to the nearest station and a radius varying between 250 and 1 750 meters defines these zones. The analysis also divided the zones by period to identify the effects related to speculation, anticipation, and adjustment. The main results largely confirm the hypothesis. A greater spatial concentration of new commercial buildings is noted within a radius of, at most, 750 meters from the stations and the development of new residential buildings is noted between 1 000 and 1 250 meters. The joint increase in new residential and commercial construction near stations after the launch also underlines the rise of mixed neighbourhood, accommodating both residential and commercial activities.
Fillion, Vanessa. "La fragilité et l'utilisation des services de santé chez les aînés québécois victimes d'une fracture mineure." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30303.
Full textFew data are available on the use of health services of frail elderly people who have experienced a minor fracture. Currently, information on the identification of frail seniors and on their health resources needs and use mostly comes from cohort studies or from clinical trials. In such studies, frailty is generally measured using clinical indices or scales, which are not included in population-based high-quality administrative databases available for decision-making, population surveillance or research. However, given the expected increase in frailty-related health resources-use associated with population ageing, methodologies to identify frail seniors within such secondary healthcare data, both at patient and population levels, are current surveillance priorities. We therefore conducted a population-based cohort study to describe and identify health services use by this population after a medical consultation for a minor fracture. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of frailty among community-dwelling seniors who sustained a recent non-hip fracture in Quebec health administrative databases, to examine the association between frailty and the use of medical services in the year following the fracture and to measure the excess use of health services following that fracture across frailty levels. There are many reasons to measure frailty, including identification of people who are at an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. This population-based study suggests that seniors identified as frail by the Elders Risk Assessment index and sustaining relatively minor fractures use more health services in the year post-fracture. This first use of Quebec’s administrative databases indicates that, in a public health perspective, it might be possible to use them for surveillance on frailty and its consequences among seniors.
Khaireddine, Nasr. "Utilisation de l'indicateur chlorophyllien au SPAD pour un diagnostic de précision de l'état d'équilibre nutritif d'un champ de pommes de terre au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26862.
Full textThivierge, Marie-Noëlle. "Le millet perlé sucré et le sorgho sucré comme cultures énergétiques en conditions québécoises : potentiel de production, utilisation de l'azote, morphologie des racines et apport de carbone au sol." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26494.
Full textSweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are annual crops from which the sweet sap can be fermented to ethanol. They appear to have a high nitrogen (N) use efficiency, but this remains to be demonstrated in eastern Canada. Studying the morphological traits of their rooting system could help understanding their N use efficiency. The main objectives of this study were to (i) compare both species for yield and N use efficiency, (ii) determine their response to increasing mineral N rate, (iii) compare their response to mineral vs. organic N sources (liquid swine and liquid dairy manures), (iv) compare their root morphological traits with those of grain corn (Zea Mays L.), the sole feedstock used for ethanol production in eastern Canada, and (v) compare annual carbon input to soil from these three species. Species were grown at two experimental sites in Quebec. The N rates that led to maximum sugar yield for sweet pearl millet and sweet sorghum were 86 and 91 kg N ha-1, depending on site. Mineral N fertilization resulted in greater yields than the liquid manures, which showed fertilizer N equivalences varying from 15 to 52%. Fifty-four to 82% of applied mineral N fertilizer was recovered in the aboveground biomass of sweet pearl millet and sweet sorghum. While root biomass and annual carbon input were greater with corn, the length of the rooting system and the proportion of very fine roots were greater with sweet pearl millet and sweet sorghum. Our results show a high N use efficiency of sweet pearl millet and sweet sorghum, and therefore indicate low environmental risk associated with their fertilization. Moreover, our results suggest that the peculiar root morphology of these crops contribute to their high N use efficiency.
Tilouche, Shaima. "Utilisation de la gestion des connaissances pour le développement d'un modèle d'optimisation de la planification des approvisionnements forestiers." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25064.
Full textWood procurement planning is a complex activity that requires collaboration between various actors. There have been several mathematical models formulated to help practitioners in the decision making process. But, only a few of these models are actually applied in practice. Planning is still done manually, based on experience and the sum of several individuals’ knowledge within the procurement department. One possible reason is that most models do not account for important factors related to data quality, information availability, and knowledge sharing within forest companies. Knowledge management has been proposed as a way to improve the performance of the planning process. Indeed, it enables companies to understand the information and knowledge required for planning. The objective of this project is to help forestry companies integrate optimization models to improve the planning process and the decisions quality. In fact, we aim to develop a mathematical model that depicts the industrial planning process. Finally, we want to determine the impact of better knowledge on planning decisions quality. First, a comparison between two existing mathematical models and the industrial process of a specific forestry company represented by Knowledge management mapping was done. Then, through this comparison, we developed a new mathematical model for procurement planning. Finally, this model has been used to evaluate the profit of improving the accuracy of the forestry inventory data. In order to do so, we compared the plan developed using accurate inventory data (obtained from the beginning of the planning horizon) with the plan adjusted monthly based on the accurate data. The comparison of the models with the industrials process showed that the gap between them is important. The differences measured were used in the development of the new mathematical model. This model reflects the industrial process. It has been used to determine the profit of a better accuracy inventory data. We found an important profit increase equal to 7% through improving the accuracy inventory data of 30%.
Renaud, Pierre-Yves. "Utilisation de la violence et usages du passé comme références patrimoniales : l'émeute de la Crise de la conscription à Québec, 1918-2012." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26326.
Full textTurcotte, Simon. "Influence des attitudes, des préférences et des contraintes sur la localisation résidentielle des ménages en contexte d'étalement urbain dans la région de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/38220.
Full textGiroux, Claude. "La terre, le mythe et la procédure : les études de l'utilisation du territoire à l'heure de la recherche appliquée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/56504.
Full textLapointe, Mathilde. "La santé et le bien-être des Inuit vivant à Montréal : perspectives, expériences et ressources en contexte urbain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68413.
Full textThis study explores the way Inuit who live permanently in Montreal perceive their health and their ability to maintain and restore it in their local urban context. In partnership with the Qanuikkat Siqinirmiut? project, this research in medical anthropology aims to contribute to a knowledge base on the health and well-being of Inuit living in southern Quebec. Rooted in a critical and post-colonial perspective, the analysis of the ethnographic data collected during this fieldwork focuses on urban Inuit’s perspectives of their health and well-being, as well as their capacity to maintain or restore it, according to the institutional, community and personal resources available in Montreal. As part of the macro-social analysis, we explore how colonization is a historical, political and economic process that still influences participants' options, choices and behaviours regarding their ability to maintain or restore their health and well-being in an urban context. At the meso-social level, we focus on their perspectives and experiences within the professional (the public health system and non-insured health services) and alternative (community and personal resources) sectors of healthcare. Finally, at the microsocial level, we are seeking to capture how participants live, negotiate and define their health and their well-being in order to emphasize the outlines of their conceptualization of these notions. Four dimensions (physical, mental, cultural/identity and social) emerged from the analysis of the popular sector, a sector where depictions of health are individually and collectively defined.
Lesage, Andréanne. "La scénographie d’exposition comme mode d’évocation : «Louis-Philippe Hébert (1850-1917), sculpteur national», au Musée du Québec en 2001." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25778.
Full textBeaumont, Marie-Pier. "Utilisation d'un bio-indicateur pour le suivi des rejets radioactifs aqueux de la centrale nucléaire Gentilly-2." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27362/27362.pdf.
Full textDrapeau, Maude, and Maude Drapeau. "Impacts macroéconomiques des changements démographiques : une approche avec générations imbriquées." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25082.
Full textTableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2013-2014.
Ce mémoire présente un modèle macroéconomique pouvant servir d’outil pour l’analyse des impacts macroéconomiques du vieillissement de la population québécoise. Le point de départ est le modèle à générations imbriquées de Gertler (1999), dans lequel deux catégories d’agents consommateurs interagissent : les travailleurs et les retraités. Chacun fait face à des contingences individuelles, notamment le passage d’un état de travailleur à celui de retraité puis, au décès. Notre étude enrichit le modèle de Gertler en ajoutant un deuxième bien au panier de consommation, à l’aide d’une fonction d’utilité à élasticité de substitution constante entre les deux types de biens. Ce deuxième bien représente la consommation de soins de santé et le modèle est étalonné de manière à ce que le poids accordé à cette composante de l’utilité augmente au cours du cycle de vie du ménage. La solution dynamique du modèle est simulée et permet d’évaluer la trajectoire de différentes variables macroéconomiques comme le PIB, les dépenses publiques, le taux d’intérêt et les salaires, à la suite d’un choc démographique.
Ce mémoire présente un modèle macroéconomique pouvant servir d’outil pour l’analyse des impacts macroéconomiques du vieillissement de la population québécoise. Le point de départ est le modèle à générations imbriquées de Gertler (1999), dans lequel deux catégories d’agents consommateurs interagissent : les travailleurs et les retraités. Chacun fait face à des contingences individuelles, notamment le passage d’un état de travailleur à celui de retraité puis, au décès. Notre étude enrichit le modèle de Gertler en ajoutant un deuxième bien au panier de consommation, à l’aide d’une fonction d’utilité à élasticité de substitution constante entre les deux types de biens. Ce deuxième bien représente la consommation de soins de santé et le modèle est étalonné de manière à ce que le poids accordé à cette composante de l’utilité augmente au cours du cycle de vie du ménage. La solution dynamique du modèle est simulée et permet d’évaluer la trajectoire de différentes variables macroéconomiques comme le PIB, les dépenses publiques, le taux d’intérêt et les salaires, à la suite d’un choc démographique.
Gervais, Amélie. "De la communauté à l’individu : influence de l’intensité agricole et du paysage sur les bourdons (Bombus spp.) du Sud du Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66288.
Full textPollinators are essential to natural ecosystems and crop production. However, they are in decline and many causes are possible: climate changes, diseases, parasites, loss of natural habitats, loss of floral resources, landscape homogenization and agricultural intensification. In southern Québec, a west-east gradient, from intensively managed landscapes in the west to a more extensive production in the east is present. In this context, it is quite interesting to see how pollinators, such as bumble bees, cope with such an important agricultural gradient. To test the importance of agricultural landscape composition on bumble bees, we investigated three different levels of organization: 1) individual, 2) colonies and 3) communities. To evaluate the impact of the landscape on the individuals and colonies levels, we placed 80 colonies of Bombus impatiens on 20 different sites in the gradient during the spring and summer of 2016. Landscapes were characterized within 1 km from the colonies using orthophotos and the landscape components were categorized following: intensive crops, extensive crops, flowering crops, forests, urban areas and aquatic environment (lakes, rivers). Each week, we counted the number of workers entering and exiting colonies and a total of four workers per colony were captured, measured and had their pollen load identified. Worker size was not influenced by the landscape. However, their foraging behavior seemed affected since the ins and outs of workers dropped in more intensive landscape. Furthermore, pollen species collected by workers were different in more intensive landscapes compared to those of more extensive landscapes. For the colony level, each one had its weight taken every week and at its death, its final weight, the number of queens produced and the presence of Aphomia sociella were noted. Colonies placed in the landscape with a high proportion of intensive crops gained less weight and lived almost two weeks less than colonies in more extensive landscape. The proportion of flowering crops in the landscape had the opposite effect by increasing both the weight and the life expectancy of colonies. The number of queens produced and the probability of being predated by A. sociella were not linked to landscape composition. At the community level, another study took place from 2006 to 2016 on 40 farms from the same agricultural gradient. A total of 4726 bumble bee queens were captured using yellow window traps. The landscape was described again using orthophotos and the same categories, but at a 500 m radius instead. The proportions of intensive and flowering crops as well as the proportions of forests each influenced the abundance and occurrence of some species, but they were not the most important variables explaining the bumble bee community structure. The functional traits were, in fact, more important to explain the abundance of species, where smaller and underground nesters species were more abundant, in all the landscapes. The results presented in this thesis bring even more evidence that landscape has an important impact on bumble bees at every level. Furthermore, we highlight once more that intensive cropping systems are truly detrimental to bumble bee persistence in agroecosystems.
Dagenais, Marie-Pierre. "Controverse et conflit sur l'utilisation de l'eau souterraine : l'exemple de Franklin." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24469/24469.pdf.
Full textDesmarais, Véronique. "Un cadre d'évaluation du tourisme de nature durable en forêt publique québécoise." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24386/24386.pdf.
Full textFoucry, Sophie. "La propriété seigneuriale dans la vallée du Saint-Laurent au XVIIIème siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18392.
Full textMathis, Marianne. "Coexistence et compatibilité des usages dans les territoires ruraux québécois : étude de cas." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26599.
Full textAssy, Coralie. "L'intensité d'utilisation des ressources pour les hospitalisations suite à un traumatisme cranio-cérébral : étude de cohorte multicentrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35010.
Full textWithin universal health systems, the lack of information regarding resource utilisation for acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) care impedes efforts to improve the quality and efficiency of care in this patient population. To address this knowledge gap, a multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted in the province of Quebec. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the inter-hospital variation in resource use for TBI admissions, identify patient-level determinants of resource use intensity and evaluate the association between hospital resource use and clinical outcomes for TBI admissions. We included all patients aged 16 and over hospitalized following a TBI in any of 57 the adult trauma centers in Quebec between 2013 and 2016. Overall, the inter-hospital variation in resource use was statically significant. However, when we stratified by activity centers, the operating room and para-clinical services had the highest inter-hospital variations. Inter-hospital variation was greater for patients under 65 years of age and those with severe TBI. Comorbidities, anatomical injury severity, and a transfer to long-term center care following hospital discharge were identified as determinants of high resource use intensity. On a hospital level, high resource use was associated with a low incidence of mortality but a high incidence of complications. This study advances knowledge on resource use in TBI populations. However, further studies should be conducted to determine the factors responsible for inter-hospital variations in resource use including process of care, physician characteristics and trauma center structure.
St-Hilaire, Alexandre. "Utilisation des services de santé chez les aînés ayant un trouble cognitif sans démence et influence de la dépression et de l'anxiété : une étude longitudinale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27361.
Full textObjectives: Little objective and nationally representative data are available concerning the influence of cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) on utilization of healthcare services. The main objective was to compare the use of healthcare services over three years, between elders with current or incident CIND and those without CIND. A second objective was to evaluate the moderating effect of depression and anxiety on utilization of healthcare services. Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based survey of 2265 older adults living in Quebec were used. CIND was linked with medical records from public health insurance plan. Multinomial logistic regressions adjusted for relevant socio-demographic, social network and health-related confounders were conducted for each service. Interaction between CIND and depression/anxiety was also examined. Main results: Current CIND was a predictor of longer anxiolytic/sedative/hypnotic medication use. Incident CIND led to longer hospital stay. Depression raised the likelihood of frequenting geriatricians, psychiatrists or neurologists and emergency department, but lessened the likelihood of visiting general practitioners. The addition of the psychiatric conditions to the incident CIND did not increase the likelihood of consuming antidepressants, while the incident CIND cases without psychiatric conditions increased this likelihood. Discussion: Compared to older adults without CIND, older adults with CIND have a distinct utilization of healthcare services. Evaluation of cognition and psychiatric conditions at key moments could allow a more efficient use of health resources.
Palm, Sié Jean-Marc. "Les facteurs d'acceptabilité d'un Système d'Information Clinique (SIC) : Evaluation Comparative France (HEGP) - Québec (CHUS)." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815060.
Full textNiang, Mamadou. "Utilisation pédagogique de la simulation numérique dans une perspective de développement d'un savoir signifiant d'optique géométrique au secondaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69668.
Full textThis exploratory study seeks to understand “To what extent can we develop meaningful geometrical optics knowledge about rainbow and color in high school students in a learning context using computer simulation?”. This qualitative research, based on a case study, was conducted with 27 first-year high school students (Secondary 4 in Quebec) from a high school in Fatick (Senegal). The students were divided into two groups designated by R (15) (for traditional learning) and S (12) (for learning through simulation). The data collected was analyzed using the content analysis method. QDA Miner software was used for this purpose to facilitate their processing. The results of the research showed that students have different kinds of knowledge (academic and non-academic) about the phenomena studied and that some of this knowledge is more or less compatible or in contradiction with scientific knowledge. Non-academic knowledge is, in the same way as scientific knowledge, meaningful to them in their context and has contributed to a richer and more complete understanding of the rainbow and colour. The study showed that the significance of academic knowledge sometimes faces problems of individual validation when cognitive conflicts appear in some students. These conflicts arose when the sensitive perception of the student was in contradiction with the knowledge that is intended to be taught to him or her or when the academic knowledge is in contradiction with deeply rooted beliefs such as religious beliefs. Research results showed that computer simulation helped students gain a better understanding of the concepts taught. It has contributed to the validation of scientific knowledge and to an increased and diversified use of psychological functions. It allowed them to discover other aspects of the phenomenon that are difficult to observe in real situations. It is thus presented as a promising tool for developing meaningful knowledge. But its use has limits, since facing a simulation of a phenomenon, some students were influenced by what they were looking at, thus diverting their thinking or preventing them from using their full cognitive capacity. Furthermore, the significance of the knowledge produced by the simulation could be limited by the model used to make the simulation software. Therefore, it would be interesting to broaden reflection on the articulation between reality and virtual objects to further address this dimension of the significance of knowledge.
Lemay, Valérie. "Étude des déterminants de la mobilité en fauteuil roulant manuel et leur association avec la participation sociale d'usagers expérimentés ayant une lésion de la moelle épinière." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28454/28454.pdf.
Full textPoliakova, Natalia. "Étiologie de la variabilité cardiaque à 5 mois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28030/28030.pdf.
Full textRajaonson, Juste. "Utilisation d'une grille commune d'indicateurs de développement durable : un classement des 25 plus grandes municipalités québécoises." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4210/1/M12122.pdf.
Full textL, Desrochers Stéphanie. "Utilisation des isotopes stables (HOCN) et radiogéniques (SR) comme indicateurs pour déterminer la provenance des fromages fins du Québec, Canada." Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5341/1/M12697.pdf.
Full textVeillette, Lucie. "Néoruralité et dynamisation présentielle des territoires ruraux : trois études de cas au Québec." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3910/1/M12007.pdf.
Full textProphète, Félix. "Équité d’utilisation des services de santé et de disponibilité des ressources en matière de santé dans la province de Québec." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9677.
Full textObjectives: The general objective of this study is to understand in what the use of health services and the availability of health resources in Quebec are fair. Methods: This cross-sectional and corelational study interests the 95 territories CSSS of Quebec, and covers the years 2006-2007 and 2008-2009. The material and social deprivation index of Pampalon is put in connection with two series of variables, such those of the use of the services by CSSS (hospital services; medical services; CLSC services) and those of availability of the resources (financial capacity; material capacity, human capacity; viability). To do it, analyses of variance were made. The integrative model of the health service performance (EGIPSS) and that of the use of the health services of Donabedian serve as frame of analysis. Results: The use of health services is fair as regards the material deprivation, but not in what concerned the social deprivation. The use of medical services dispensed by the general practitioners is more raised at the population the most favored socially compared with the most disadvantaged population. However, the use of the specialists is fairer than that of the general practitioners, it, for the populations disadvantaged so materially as socially. The avoidable hospitalizations are more raised at the population the most disadvantaged socially compared with the most favored. In terms of the availability of resources, the disadvantaged populations have more resources than the most favored populations. Conclusion: Generally, there are very few inequities in the use of health services in Quebec. Besides, the availability of the resources regarding health is relatively fair in Quebec, exception made by the distribution of the staff.
Fortier, Alexandre. "Le comportement informationnel des jeunes adultes québécois en matière de santé sexuelle." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3077.
Full textOver the pasts few years, statistics have indicated an exponential growth in the incidence of some sexually transmitted diseases among young adults. Certain studies suggest less-than-responsible sexual health behaviours among this population, despite readily available information, from diverse sources, on the consequences of such behaviours. Furthermore, the sexual health information behaviour of this population has not yet been well documented. This study focuses on the sexual health information behaviour of a group of young Quebec adults. More specifically, it answers the following four research questions: (1) What are the problematic situations faced by young adults in matters of sexual health?; (2) What are the information needs arising from these problematic situations?; (3) What are the information search processes and sources used to answer these information needs? and (4) Once found, how was this information used? This descriptive research used a qualitative approach. The Université de Montréal was chosen as the research environment for two reasons: it is a cognitively rich milieu that offers on-site access to sexual health resources. Eight young adults aged from 18 to 25 participated in an in-depth interview using the critical incident technique. Each participant described a problematic situation with respect to their sexual health and the resulting data were analysed using a grounded theory based method. Results indicate that young Quebec adults are faced with problematic situations with respect to physical aspects of their sexual life that can be triggered by three types of elements: a risky event, a subjective physical symptom or passively acquired information. These problematic situations generate three categories of information needs: the actual health state, potential consequences and cures. To answer these needs, a majority of participants turned to professional, personal and verbal sources. Situational, cognitive, and affective factors differentiated their information search process with different combinations of four information search activities: starting, chaining, browsing, and differentiating. Self-motivation and understanding of the problem represent the two main information uses. At a theoretical level, results indicates that the general information model (Choo 2006), the information use environment model (Taylor 1986, 1991) and the information search activities (Ellis 1989a, 1989b, 2005) can be used in the personal context of sexual health. At a practical level, this study enriches the knowledge of the criteria for selecting information sources in the context of sexual health.
Faye, Cheikh. "Utilisation sur le lieu de travail des compétences acquises par la formation : analyse évaluative d'un programme de formation visant la prévention primaire des maux de dos chez du personnel soignant." Thèse, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5664/1/D2524.pdf.
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