Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conducteurs électriques'
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Letartre, Xavier. "Caractérisations électriques d'hétérostructures de semi-conducteurs." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10083.
Full textCreus, Robert. "Verres conducteurs ioniques et conducteurs mixtes : leurs utilisations dans des microcomposants ioniques." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20227.
Full textFaye, Benoît. "Polypyrroles mésomorphes conducteurs : synthèse, propriétés mécaniques et électriques." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10631.
Full textGuessous, Ai͏̈cha. "Microgénérateurs et microcapteurs chimiques à base de verres conducteurs." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20125.
Full textPetit, Nathalie. "Conductivité optique de matériaux nouveaux." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR4013.
Full text@The optical conductivity of different types of conducting material has been investigated via two methods. The first requieres the Kramers-Krönig inversion of the reflectivity spectrum, a method currently used in the literature. The second is based on a phenomenological model, called "double damping drude model" and derived from the factorized form of the dielectric function. This model particularly simple is introduced to palliate the usual Drude model when it is not suitable. An attempt to fit the reflectivity spectra of several materials with the "double damping drude model" has been carried out. Excellent fits were achieved. This method allows the parameterization of the spectra which may be useful for comparison between materials, and discriminates the contribution to the spectral conductivity of charge carrier motion (ie without restoring force) and the other excitations (oscillators with restoring force like phonons or trapped polarons). The various materials have been studied. The system BaPb1-xBixO3 (simple crystals) which shows a metal-insulator transition along with the variation of x. The cuprate Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+ (oriented ceramic) which displays an anisotropy of the conductivity (the conductivity in the (ab)plane is higher than along the c axis). The manganite Pr0. 7Ca0. 25Sr0. 05MnO3 which undergoes a transition from a paramagnetic insulator to a ferromagnetic insulator to a ferromagnetic metallic behavior with a decrease of a temperature below circa 86K. The conducting polymer PANI/CSA (a polyaniline doped with camphor sulfonic acid), the doping rate of which can be controlled easily and the conductivity properties therefore adjusted. This study is a contribution to help the understanding of the phenomenon implied in the conducting but non Drude
Michel-Lledos, Valérie. "Verres chalcogénures conducteurs par ions lithium : caractérisations électriques et structurales." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20279.
Full textMartins, Rodrigues Ana Candida. "Synthèse et propriétés électriques de verres oxydes conducteurs par ion lithium." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0010.
Full textEsnouf, Stéphane. "Etude des propriétés électriques et magnétiques de polymères conducteurs confinés dans une matrice isolante." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EPXX0009.
Full textLafrenière, Martin. "Charges de vent sur les conducteurs électriques étude comparative des principales normes." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2002. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1189.
Full textMeraoumia, Thaleb. "Contribution à l'étude des polymères chargés conducteurs : relations entre mésostructure et propriétés électriques." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10641.
Full textSerien-Verdonck, Béatrice. "Nouveaux oxydes de bismuth, vanadium et cuivre : synthèses, structures, propriétés." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10106.
Full textRetho, Patrice. "Propriétés physiques de nanofils de polymères conducteurs préparés par la méthode template." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00454025.
Full textMarcq, Fabien. "Élaboration, caractérisation et vieillissement d'adhésifs conducteurs hybrides époxy-microparticules d'argent-nanotubes de carbone." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1750/.
Full textThe aim of this PhD work was the development of electrically and thermally conductive adhesives for space applications. It begins with the manufacturing by CCVD of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs). These DWCNTs or commercial MWCNTs are dispersed by solvent route with micrometric silver flakes (µAg) in an epoxy matrix (EP). A characterization of resulting composites (EP + µAg + DWCNTs and EP + µAg + MWCNTs) follows: study of the microstructure, the electrical and thermal conductivities and the mechanical properties. Two types of reliability tests show lastly stable electrical properties over the time and higher mechanical properties than commercial thermally conductive adhesives currently in use in space industry
Le, Naour Sandrine. "Pertes en champ propre et longitudinal dans les conducteurs supraconducteurs 50Hz." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2056.
Full textFor a few years, the increasing interest in the applications of the limiters type has incited us to study the behaviour of conductors with ultra-fine superducting filaments in self field conditions. The study is extended to conductors subject to a longitudinal magnetic field varying in phase with the transport current. This field configuration is encountered in the case of assembled conductors. The knowledge of current distributions of electric and magnetic fieds in the multi-filamentary composite is necessary for an appropriate description of their properties in the variable operation conditions. That is why a model for the calculation of current distributions was developed, which allows the losses to be deduced. The model proposed considers both intrinsinc characteristics (current-voltage curve, critical current variation in the presence of a magnetic field) and the geometrical characteristics (twist pitch, etc). In order to validate this theoretical model, we have studied and developed a local loss measurement method (thermometric method). The measurement station installed allows linear loss densities to be measured from 2mW/m with a 10% accuracy. This loss measurement method, rapid and easy to be implemented, can be envisaged for a systematic characterization of the conductors at the end of manufacture (quality control). In self field, the loss densities calculated by the numerical model are in good accordance with the experimental results. In addition, the study of losses and of conductor stability shows that strands with ultra-fine filaments would not be necessary for applications in self field. Finally, the application of a longitudinal induction modifies the loss densities and the conductor stability. The experiences made reveal that the origin of the instability is rather electromagnetic than thermal or mechanical
Abramova, Alla. "Elaboration par chimie douce, mise en forme et propriétés électriques de conducteurs ioniques nanostructurés." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA1025/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis, which has been carried out within the European program « Nanolicom », was to study the influence of the nanostructuration on the transport properties of two lithium ionic conductors, the perovskite LLTO (Li0.3La0.57TiO3) and the nasicon LATPO (Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3).The first part of this thesis is devoted to the exploration and to the optimization of the best soft chemistry route in order to get nanometric powders: sol-gel route, hydro-solvothermal synthesis, reversed microemulsion method and complex polymerizable Pechini method. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis andelectronic microscopy. Shaping and sintering of the samples were also thoroughly studied. Indeed, the determination of transport properties of the materials requires the use of dense ceramics but it is difficult to preserve the nanostructured character of the powders during the sintering step. Finally, the ionic conductivity measurements were carried out by compleximpedance spectroscopy. All results were then compared to what has been observed and reported in the literature for microstructured compounds of the same formulation
El, Hassani Abdellatif. "Effet d'un champ électrique sur les excitons chargés dans les semi-conducteurs massifs et bidimensionnels." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/El.Hassani.Abdellatif.SMZ9754.pdf.
Full textThe charged excitons result from the binding between an exciton (bound electron-hole pair) and a free electron X- (e,e,h), or a free hole X2+ (e,h,h). We have studied the ground staate of the charged excitons in bulk and bidimenstional semiconductors in the presence of a weak and uniform electric field. In the frame of effective mass approximation, using a simple two bands model, the separation between the center of mass motion and the relative motion stands in the presence of the electric field. The introduction of conditions in the limits of the crystal induces then a quantization of the energy of the center of mass motion. Discrete levels appear then, similar to the "Wannier-Stark" levels, known in the case of an electron in solid. The variational method has been used to solve the Schrödinger equation of the charged exciton in the presence of an electric field. Our results have been compared to H- ion which corresponds to the limit case of X-, when the mass ration [sigma] electron/holes goes to zero. We have studied the stability of the charged exciton X- (3D). Our results show that the electric field enhances the binding energy W. In the case of the bidimensional semiconductor, the binding energies for both types of complexes X- and X2+, increases too. It is shown that charged excitons bound states can exist in 2D semiconductors for larger values of the field than in the 3d case. It is also found that the ration W2D/W3D decreases at increasing fields for all values of the mass ration, the confinement effect becomes then less sensitive
Droval, Guillaume. "Élaboration et caractérisation de composites polymères conducteurs électrique et thermique." Lorient, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LORIS068.
Full textFocusing on further application in the field of ohmic heating, the aim of this work is to improve the thermal conductivity of heating systems (based on biphasic conductive polymer composites (CPC) – immiscible blend) without significantly altering electrical properties to ensure that the temperature gradient within the material decreases since that could, in a long run, damage the system. The applied approach allowed to study and control in an independent way the thermo-physical properties of each phase: an electrically conductive phase (high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix with carbon black (CB) fillers) and a thermally conductive phase (syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) matrix filled with various thermal micro particles such as aluminium oxide (Al2O3), aluminium nitride (AlN), talc or even boron nitride (BN) among others). The novel feature obtained from this study is the synergy of the electrical and thermal properties of the two phases. These new formulas maintain a self regulating capability (increase of the electrical resistivity as the temperature rises (Positive Temperature Coefficient – PTC effect) and double the heat dissipation. Finally, the thermo-electrical behaviour of optimized CPC in working process has been studied through experimental data and simulation models on benchmarks of pilot tests. These results are fully satisfying in the purpose of developing and designing these materials as self regulating heating elements
Kadiri, Mohamed El. "Sur la caractérisation électrique de matériaux isotropes et anisotropes par spectroscopies temporelle et fréquentielle : application à l'étude des mécanismes de conduction dans les polymères électroactifs." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10084.
Full textHochart, Isabelle. "Etude de la diaphonie entre conducteurs : élaboration d'une méthode de caractérisation de composants non linéaires : application à l'étude des effets engendrés par une perturbation harmonique sur des circuits logiques." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-448.pdf.
Full textNoël, Marianne. "Etude du rôle de l'interface polyéthylène/semi-conducteurs sur les propriétés électriques des câbles haute tension." Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0268.
Full textPoudroux, Cécile. "Étude de l'incidence des paramètres primaires des lignes couplées sur la précision de prédiction de l'amplitude des parasites induits sur des torons multifilaires." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10098.
Full textMarrot, Bertrand. "Sulfures conducteurs cationiques. Préparation, caractérisation et sulfuration de complexes précurseurs de l'edta. Propriétés électriques des sulfures." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30119.
Full textGuidini, Rodolphe. "Interrupteurs rapides haute tension réalisés par mise en série de composants semi-conducteurs pour convertisseurs de forte énergie." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20008.
Full textAntar, Zied. "Éco-composites polymères conducteurs (CPC) pour la production d'énergie renouvelable." Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIS283.
Full textOwing to the finite supply of fossil fuels and the negative public opinion surrounding nuclear energy, alternative energy resources are the subject of considerable research on a global scale. The aim of this work is to develop a Conductive Polymer Composite for energy harvesting and storage. The first part of this work was dedicated to the development of solar absorber. In fact, CPCs were prepared by melt processing where conductive fillers (graphite and/or carbon nanotubes) were dispersed in an insulate polymer matrix (PLA and PA12). Indeed, thermo-optical properties were measured and the durability of the CPC was checked by controlling the evolution of their mechanical properties during a weathering test. In a second step, CPC with good thermoelectric power were prepared using two routes: melt blending process and solution in-situ polymerization. Various formulations have been tried and some rather interesting results were obtained by recording encouraging values of figure of merit ZT
Bouguessa, Sabrina. "Synthèse de TTF et BI-TTF à ligands azotes, précurseurs potentiels de sels à propriétés électriques et magnétiques : Etude préliminaire des matériaux résultants." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20013.
Full textDhahri, Abdelwaheb. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanocomposites conducteurs à base de « graphène » et de polysaccharides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1069.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis has been to experiment a new ways of exfoliation of graphene sheets in polysaccharide matrices such as cellulose and chitosan doped with gold nanoparticles (Au). Our strategy was to explore new routes for the grafting of molecules and macromolecules onto graphene oxide (GO). First, we have oxidized commercial graphite by the method of Hummers which is a priori the simplest method to implement to produce a stable suspension of graphene oxide sheets totally exfoliated in water. The advantage of this oxidation is the formation of carboxylic acid and epoxy functional groups onto the graphite surface that can be functionalized in two stages by ethylenediamine and then by a polysaccharide such as cellulose. Indeed, in order to improve the compatibility of graphite oxide with organic matrix such as cellulose, the idea is to graft it onto polysaccharide chains. These results made it possible to demonstrate the partial exfoliation of the graphene sheets after functionalization and to obtain a percentage of grafting of about 35wt% for cellulose. The electrical conductivity of the corresponding nanocomposites has also been studied by dielectric measurements at various temperatures. The increase of the electrical conductivity after the functionalization of graphite oxide showed a solvo-thermo reduction simultaneously with the functionalization. Finally, the doping of this material by gold particles made it possible to obtain an electrical conductivity of 1.60 10-4 S m-1. Concerning chitosan-based composite materials, the scientific approach was the same as cellulose substrate and we obtained a percentage of grafting of 68wt%. In addition, its catalytic activity for the conversion of 4-Nitrophenol to 4-Aminophenol was of high efficiency
Gouton, Pierre. "Sur le comportement électrique des divers types d'interface électrode-polymère isolant : application aux condensateurs de puissance." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20085.
Full textGraia, Thameur. "Conducteurs par ions oxygène : propriétés structurales et électriques d'oxydes mixtes de bismuth, de cadium et de plomb." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10006.
Full textLiang, Chenghua. "Caractérisations électriques de polymères conducteurs intrinsèques Polyaniline / Polyuréthane dans une large gamme de fréquence (DC à 20 GHz)." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00596089.
Full textNakouri, Hejer. "Fluage des conducteurs de lignes de transport d’énergie électrique à partir du fluage des fils d’aluminium." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6699.
Full textSaoud, Khalid. "Les conducteurs organiques. Application aux condensateurs électrolytiques à aluminium." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20182.
Full textDhahri, Abdelwaheb. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanocomposites conducteurs à base de « graphène » et de polysaccharides." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1069/document.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis has been to experiment a new ways of exfoliation of graphene sheets in polysaccharide matrices such as cellulose and chitosan doped with gold nanoparticles (Au). Our strategy was to explore new routes for the grafting of molecules and macromolecules onto graphene oxide (GO). First, we have oxidized commercial graphite by the method of Hummers which is a priori the simplest method to implement to produce a stable suspension of graphene oxide sheets totally exfoliated in water. The advantage of this oxidation is the formation of carboxylic acid and epoxy functional groups onto the graphite surface that can be functionalized in two stages by ethylenediamine and then by a polysaccharide such as cellulose. Indeed, in order to improve the compatibility of graphite oxide with organic matrix such as cellulose, the idea is to graft it onto polysaccharide chains. These results made it possible to demonstrate the partial exfoliation of the graphene sheets after functionalization and to obtain a percentage of grafting of about 35wt% for cellulose. The electrical conductivity of the corresponding nanocomposites has also been studied by dielectric measurements at various temperatures. The increase of the electrical conductivity after the functionalization of graphite oxide showed a solvo-thermo reduction simultaneously with the functionalization. Finally, the doping of this material by gold particles made it possible to obtain an electrical conductivity of 1.60 10-4 S m-1. Concerning chitosan-based composite materials, the scientific approach was the same as cellulose substrate and we obtained a percentage of grafting of 68wt%. In addition, its catalytic activity for the conversion of 4-Nitrophenol to 4-Aminophenol was of high efficiency
Capiod, Pierre. "Caractérisation physique de nanomatériaux semi-conducteurs complexes : des hétéro-structures aux réseaux bidimensionnels." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10147/document.
Full textThe development of semi-conductor nanomaterials takes along with an increase of the complexity regarding their crystalline structure and chemical composition. Interfaces are essential in accounting for the physical properties of the materials and require a thorough investigation. It relies on the use of specific instruments, that are described in the first section of this work. These instruments are then used to explore hetero-structure nanowires, that contain poly-types segments with different Fermi level pinnings at the surface, leading to $i-p$ junctions (section 2). Hetero-structure nanocrystals have also been characterized (section 3). Their study has revealed a phase transformation under light irradiation, that is attributed to the different crystalline structures between their core and their shell. Along with these investigations, novel two-dimensional semi-conductor crystals have been explored due to the exotic electronic structures that they could exhibit. Silicene, the Graphene analog, and porous networks of semi-conductor nanocrystals have been studied (section 4 and 5 respectively). The transport properties have been characterized with multiple probes Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and have revealed the uniqueness of these systems to improve our understanding of the electrical transport in two-dimensional crystals
Canet, Pierre. "Mise en évidence et analyse des phénomènes d'électroluminescence dans des matériaux polymères pour l'électrotechnique et l'électronique. Corrélation avec les mécanismes de conduction électrique." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30137.
Full textShall, Hanen. "Modélisation 3D des émissions rayonnées et étude des couplages entre composants et interconnexions." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUES009.
Full textThe large scale integration of embedded electronic equipments in the limited space of electric systems (electric vehicles) generates new constraints in terms of ectromagnetic compatibility (EMC). This thesis is performed in IRSEEM under the E-CEM Project (Electromagnetic Compatibility of Power Systems). Its main objective is the development of an accurate modeling approach for electromagnetic interferences (IEMs) prediction between distrurbing electronic components and interconnections in the near field region. The proposed methodology is divided into two main steps: 3D modeling of radiated emissions and prediction of electromagnetic coupling (EM) between radiating structures and transmission lines: wires above a ground plane and microstrip lines. The 3D radiated emission model is based on a set of equivalent sources (electric and magnetic dipoles) distributed on the surfaces of a volume surrounding the geometrical dimensions of the device under test (DST). The dipoles parameters are calculated referring to the tangential cartographies of EM radiated field components, obtained from either an EM simulation or a near field measurement. The 3D model is then used to predict the EM coupling onto transmission lines. In fact, this model is associated with analytical coupling formulations (Taylor, Agrawal and Rachidi models) to compute the induced voltages at the victim line terminals. This modeling procedure, applied to real test cases (EM coupling between a small arch above a ground plane/toroidal inductor and a wire over a ground plane), provides a much better accuracy for EMI prediction. A novel modeling approach of EM coupling onto microstrip lines has been also proposed. This latter is mainly inspired from the first approach. The main idea is based on the microstrip line equivalence model to avoid the complex computation of the successive reflections and refractions in the two inhomogeneous regions: air region and substrate region. Comparison between modeled, numerical and measured results enables us to validate the proposed model
David, Marie-Laure. "Défauts induits par implantation d'ions légers ou irradiation électronique dans les semi-conducteurs à base silicium." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2256.
Full textIon beam techniques are widely used in semiconductor technology as for the doping of the materials as for improving their purity. The defects created by implantation/irradiation can either enhance or drastically degrade device performances. Electrically active defects created by low fluence irradiation in 4H-SiC have been studied by Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy. Particularly, the S-center has been studied in detail; its signature, formation and annealing kinetics have been investigated. Moreover, defects created by high fluence helium implantation in Si have been mainly studied by Transmission Electron microscopy. We have shown that the nature of defects (cavities and interstitial-type defects) and their evolution during annealing is strongly dependent on the implantation temperature. The effects of multi-energy implantations are also presented
Meschi, Claude. "Etude de l'insertion de chlorures dans les fibres de carbone en vue de la réalisation de conducteurs électriques." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10526.
Full textOmari, Mahmoud. "Matériaux conducteurs anioniques au sein des systèmes Bi2O3-M2O3-Pb0 (M=Y, Sm) : Stabilité thermique et propriétés électriques." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10160.
Full textBoulouz, Abdellah. "Caractérisation de matériaux thermoélectriques à base de semi-conducteurs V2-VI3 déposés par MOCVD : Réalisation de micromodules Peltier et de capteurs thermoélectriques." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20103.
Full textHumez, Sandrine. "Mise en évidence et caractérisation d'une conductance proton et son rôle dans la sensibilisation de la libération de calcium par le réticulum endoplasmique dans l'ovocyte de rana esculenta." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10192.
Full textFayad, Elias. "CARACTÉRISATIONS OPTIQUES, MORPHOLOGIQUES ET ÉLECTRIQUES D'OLIGOANILINES : APPLICATION POUR LES CAPTEURS." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00454028.
Full textMasquelier, Nicolas. "Caractérisation et modélisation de transformations microstructurales pour la mise au point d'une nouvelle génération d'alliages d'aluminium pour conducteurs électriques." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES011.
Full textNew aluminium alloy had been developed for electrical cable application. This alloy has good mechanical properties at high temperature, and also good electrical properties. Its microstructure had been characterized at atomic scale with the goal to link microstructure and physical properties. Thanks to this correlation, microstructure was adjusted to optimize the physical properties of this alloy. Microstructure of the alloy was also modelized to predict the evolution of physical properties with time. Finally, linking characterization and modelling, thermodynamical datas had been determined. These datas was unknown for this particular alloy and could be useful for the future
Boukhris, Abdallah. "Étude par diffraction des rayons X des porphyrines de gallium, germanium et indium, synthons potentiels de conducteurs électriques unidimensionnels." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10038.
Full textBodel, Catherine. "Comparaison des structures d'onduleurs de tension multiniveaux sur la base du dimensionnement des éléments réactifs et des pertes dans les semi-conducteurs." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-49.pdf.
Full textBenwadih, Mohammed. "Transistors souples et hautes performances à oxydes métalliques semi-conducteurs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10192.
Full textFlexible electronics has experienced major advances in these last years. Indeed, the boom of flat panel displays (LCDs, AMOLED.) market is undergoing an exponential increase. One of the alternative solutions to amorphous silicon (a-Si) commonly used nowadays in these products is the development of metal oxide semiconductors. These materials are experiencing a huge consideration in both academic and industrial research, as well as in development labs due to their multiple performances. Besides their high electrical properties, with typical charge carrier mobilities in the order of 10 cm2V-1s-1. They can also be processed giving crystalline or amorphous structures. In this work, we have chosen to develop a complete chemical process based on the sol-gel technique to elaborate ternary metal oxide semiconductors, refered as In-(X)-Zn-O (IXZO) using different metal X as dopants. This innovative process for metal oxide semiconductors has allowed us to determine the best chemical composition, leading to a high stability and excellent electrical performances. Then, after having optimized the technological barriers (composition, doping, concentration, interfaces ...), we have characterized the nanostructure of these materials and evidence a phase segregation of the elementary oxides inside the material. We have also obtained a better understanding of charge transport properties in these semiconductors and assessed a percolation-based conduction model valid over a wide range of metal dopants. Finally, we have developed and optimized a combined thermal and UV flash lamp annealing process and demonstrated the feasibility of the integration of metal oxides on flexible substrates
Didane, Yahia. "Fonctionnalisation du distyryl-bithiophène : impact sur la structure moléculaire sur les performances électriques des transistors à effet de champ." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22085.pdf.
Full textThe research of new air stable p- and n-type organic semiconductors that are the basis of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are of key interest in the development of improved organic electronics. Recently, our research group has reported on distyryl-oligothiophenes as a novel class of p-type organic semiconductors with high mobilities and an exceptional stability of electrical performances in air over time. During work done for this dissertation, different synthetic routes were developed in order to functionalize the distyryl-bithiophene (DS2T) with different functional groups to evaluate the impact of chemical substitutions on electronic properties in OTFT devices. The first introductory chapter is dedicated to a short overview of the economic challenges in the development of OTFTs and the different key issues that need to be addressed. The second chapter is devoted to the functionalization of DS2T with different electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) as perfluoroalkyl chains or cyano groups to obtain n-type semiconductors. Contrary to what has been expected, thin films based on such molecules act as insulating layers or p-type channels. In addition to experimental results, a study by Density Functional Theory (DFT) is described in order to evaluate the effects of such EWGs in DS2T. The third chapter explains how DS2T was end-substituted by two alkyl chains for the fabrication of OTFTs by the solution phase. The described process offers reduced costs with the great advantage of liquid crystalline properties needed for an optimum molecular organization in the solid phase. The performances of OTFTs prepared by spin-coating, drop-casting and by ink-jet are described and compared to those obtained with OTFTs prepared by vacuum evaporation. Finally, a new synthetic route was developed to rigidify the bithiophene core in order to increase the planarity of the semiconducting molecule and as a consequence to increase the p-stacking in the solid phase. The main purpose of the strategy was to increase the OTFT performances. The X-Ray structure of the bridged compound (kite-DS2T) revealed a concave structure unexpected in the oligothiophene series. Despite this molecular structure, unfavourable as a first instance, an increase by a factor 5 in the p-type mobility is obtained for kite-DS2T as compared to DS2T. At the end of this chapter a chemical modification of the new kite-DS2T is described as a first alternative to switch the system from p-type to n-type
Fogel, Mathieu. "Mise en œuvre de composites structuraux conducteurs par pulvérisation de dispersions NTC : résine époxy sur nappes fibres de carbone." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30074/document.
Full textThe main goal of this work was to create multiscale Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers by inserting carbon nanotubes in the matrix of the composite material to improve and homogenize the through-thickness electrical conductivity. Multiscale composites manufacturing was proposed through addition of carbon nanotubes to a standard composite conferring a nano-dimension to the material. A spray deposition technique of CNT / epoxy mixtures was developed. CNT-doped CFRP material in which the matrix came exclusively from the spraying process were successfully produced. An influence of carbon nanotubes on the transverse (Z direction) and orthogonal (Y direction) electrical conductivity could be obtained. A slight but noticeable increase of the conductivity was achieved. More than the inherent values reached, the electrical conductivity was homogenized throughout the whole laminate. This achievement could be one step in order to solve the issue of "edge-glow" on aeronautical structures
Shahriari, Ejlal. "Commutateurs à semi-conducteurs rapides et à courant élevé pour les applications de puissance pulsée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04818494.
Full textMicro-second range high-current pulses (100s kA) are applied to generate megagauss-range magnetic fields. This high pulsed power technology has been employed in inertial fusion research, X-pinch, and high-energy-density physics. Moreover, a number of industrial applications such as magnetic pulse welding and rock fracturing require high average power, repeatability, and a reliable high-current pulse generator with a long lifespan. Hence, a fast solid-state switch development operating in the range of several hundred kA is of considerable importance.A fast high-current switch is one of the most complex components in a pulsed power generator. Historically, only gas-filled switches could operate under such extreme conditions. However, gas-filled switches have several well-known disadvantages, including low pulse repetition frequency, short lifetimes, and instability in triggering. They are also expensive to use, often requiring gas flow systems, costly gases, and recirculating chambers of gas for repetitive operation. These disadvantages have hindered the widespread adoption of pulsed power technologies.Recent advancements in semiconductor physics and technology have introduced solid-state switches into the pulsed power domain. In particular, silicon high-voltage structures triggered in impact-ionization wave mode present a promising solution for fast high-current solid-state switches (10s-100s kA and 10s kA/μs).The main goal of this thesis is to experimentally demonstrate the capability of high-voltage thyristors to switch fast-high current pulses. to accomplish this goal, two major axes of study are defined as the experimental and theoretical studies. In the experimental work, the main focus is determined based on a key limitation highlighted in the literature, i.e., the cross-sectional area of the thyristor. To eliminate this limitation several solutions have been investigated in this thesis including (i) triggering the largest commercially available thyristor, 100 mm wafer diameter with 5.2 kV static voltage breakdown. (ii) Parallel triggering of an assembly of two and four high-voltage thyristors. (iii) Series-parallel configuration in order to further increase blocking voltage and current capability of the switch simultaneously. In terms of theoretical study, the numerical simulation is conducted to shed light on the avalanche breakdown phenomena in impact-ionization switching mode
Klein, Naiara Yohanna. "Nanofils magnétiques et semiconducteurs : adressage, caractérisation électriques et magnétiques et applications." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30313/document.
Full textNanotechnology is at the center of nowadays technologies in an increasing and very interdisciplinary manner. Sticking together the manufacturing and characterization of the nano-devices and their constituent nanostructures are keys for the development of the field. This thesis covered studies of ferromagnetic (Co) and semiconductors nanowires (Si, InAs and ZnO) based nanodevices. Nanowires growing and correct addressing techniques were studied for measurements and characterizations set ups and for large-scale industrial applications possibilities. The growing techniques were electrodeposition and CVD. Different pHs were used for the solutions in the case of the Co nanowires growing that were, than, connected by means of electronic lithography. The resulting measurements enabled us to associate the pH to the crystalline structure characterization. The nanowires addressing was made using the dieletrophoresis technique coupled to capillary assembly and also by contacting the isolated nanowire by means of electronic lithography. The contact made in the nanowire was favored by the silicidation technique. For this two different materials, Pt and Ni, compatible with the CMOS technology. A deep study of the interface semiconductor/silicidation was performed and the Schottky Barrier of Si nanowires was verified to be smaller than the barrier in the bulk form of Si. In the InAs nanowires case an imperceptible barrier was found. The ZnO nanowires were found to be of p-type. The following devices were manufactured: top/back-gate transistors, lateral spin valves (local and non-local valves) and multilayer-nanowires based spin valves (local valves). The semiconductor nanowires sensors (gas, humidity and luminosity) were also manufactured and tested. In the spin valves context the interface semiconductor/ferromagnetic material was studied in order to associate the Schottky Barrier height to the SiO2 width that acts as a tunnel barrier. From the semiconductors nanowires based field effect transistors (FETs) measurements it was possible to verify the charge carriers type for each different material, to extract its mobility, threshold voltage and others. The manufactured sensors were made of Si, InAs and ZnO nanowires and the main aim was to use them as gas, humidity and luminosity sensors. The ZnO nanowires have been seen to be light sensitive whereas the Si and InAs nanowires responded to the presence of humidity and of pollutant gases, e.g. the NO2
Gavrilenko, Veronika. "Characterization of winding insulation of electrical machines fed by voltage waves with high dV/dt." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST027.
Full textThe insulation of electrical machines driven by power converters with pulse width modulation are subjected to repetitive surges due to fast changing voltage pulses and reflection phenomena in supply cable, as well as non-uniform voltage distribution in the stator winding. The overvoltage at motor terminals may lead to partial discharge inception accelerating winding insulation degradation and causing its premature failure. The implementation of wide bandgap power semiconductors as Silicon Carbide allows to create converters with high power density for variable frequency drive applications. The fast and high frequency switching of electronic devices based on wide bandgap semiconductors increase electrical stresses caused by steep voltage changing rates in controlled electrical machine. It may increase a risk of partial discharges and accelerate insulation aging and destruction. The experimental investigation and numerical simulation study performed in this work is essentially focused on the effects of impulse voltage with high dV/dt and high switching frequency on winding insulation robustness of inverter-fed electrical machines. Therefore, the work covers a number of issues related to electric drives, power electronics, electrical machines, dielectric materials and partial discharges