Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conduction ionique'
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Juger, Jonathan. "Vers l'élaboration d'actionneurs électrostimulables à base de réseaux interpénétrés de polymères liquides ioniques." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CERG0426.
Full textElaborate solid polymer electrolyte responds to the necessity of enhance the performances of electrochemical devices in the field of energy storage, nanotechnologies, fuell cells, solar cells, or for electroactiv devices like actuators. The main objective of this study is to synthesize new polymer electrolyte with special salts which are in a liquid state at room temperature : ionic liquids (ILs). Two strategies have been carried out in parallel : one which consists to synthesize interpenetrating networks (IPNs) based on a cellulose derivative and a poly (ethylene oxide) swollen in an exogenous IL ; the other, more innovating, consists in the elaboration of IPNs based on polymerisable ionic liquids. The mechanical and ionic conducting properties of those new materials have been investigated. Then, the incorporation of an electronic conducting polymer at the surface of those different IPNS led to the elaboration of all-solid polymer based actuators on which the performances have been evaluated
Omari, Mahmoud. "Matériaux conducteurs anioniques au sein des systèmes Bi2O3-M2O3-Pb0 (M=Y, Sm) : Stabilité thermique et propriétés électriques." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10160.
Full textDefendini, Francis. "Complexes polymère-acide à conduction ionique : synthèse et caractérisation." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0112.
Full textTrinquet, Odile. "Synthèse et caractérisation de matériaux macromoléculaires à conduction ionique." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR10521.
Full textDefendini, Francis. "Complexes polymère-acide à conduction ionique synthèse et caractérisation /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376043245.
Full textTaksande, Kiran. "Exploration of the Ionic Conduction Properties of Porous MOF Materials." Thesis, Montpellier, 2022. https://ged.scdi-montpellier.fr/florabium/jsp/nnt.jsp?nnt=2022UMONS010.
Full textThe conductivity performance of a new series of chemically stable proton conducting Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as well as a superionic molecular crystal was explored. The contribution of this PhD was to (i) select a variety of architectures and functionalities of robust MOFs/superionic molecular solids and (ii) characterize and rationalize their conducting performance over various temperature/humidity conditions. We designed two series of MOFs to achieve promising proton-conducting performance, using distinct approaches to modulate the concentration of Brønsted acidic sites and charge carriers and further boost the conductivity properties. First, a multicomponent ligand replacement strategy was successfully employed to elaborate a series of multivariate sulfonic-based solids MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x which combine structural integrity with high proton conductivity values (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 at 363 K/95% Relative Humidity -RH-). Secondly, a proton conducting composite was prepared through the impregnation of an ionic liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, EMIMCl) in the mesoporous MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H. The resulting composite displaying high thermal and chemical stability, exhibits outstanding proton conductivity not only at the anhydrous state (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) but also under humidity (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1) conditions. Finally, the ionic conducting properties of another class of porous solids, considering a zirconium-formate molecular solid containing KCl ion pairs (ZF-3) were explored. ZF-3 switches from an insulator (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 at 363 K/0% RH) to a superionic conductor upon hydration (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 363 K/95 % RH), in relation with the boost of Cl- dynamics upon water adsorption. Noteworthy, quantum- and force-field based simulations were combined with the experimental approach to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms at the origin of the ionic conducting properties of the studied materials. This fundamental knowledge will serve to create novel robust superionic conductors with outstanding performances that will pave the way towards appealing societal applications for clean energy production
Kone, Ali. "Conduction ionique et thermodynamique des électrolytes vitreux des systèmes ternaires." Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0076.
Full textNiddam-Mercier, Pascale. "Matériaux macromoléculaires à conduction ionique pour générateurs électrochimiques au lithium." Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPG0134.
Full textKone, Ali. "Conduction ionique et thermodynamique des électrolytes vitreux des systèmes ternaires." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598796s.
Full textXu, Yong-Jun. "Relaxation et diffusion des porteurs de charge à courte et à longue distance dans quelques conducteurs ioniques de l'ion fluorure." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10593.
Full textGraia, Thameur. "Conducteurs par ions oxygène : propriétés structurales et électriques d'oxydes mixtes de bismuth, de cadium et de plomb." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10006.
Full textSaadi, Mohamed. "Les uranyl-vanadates bidimensionnels de cations monovalents et bivalents." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10154.
Full textMalugani, Jean-Pierre. "De nouveaux verres conducteurs ioniques par Ag+ et Li+ : microstructure et dynamique dans les verres AgPO3 - halogénures métalliques, réalisation d'un générateur électrochimique "tout solide" au Lithium." Besançon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BESA2013.
Full textSerhal, Ziad. "Elaboration de revêtements composites électrolytiques d'or-PTFE à fonction autolubrifiante : formulation, élaboration, méthodes de caractérisation." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2073.
Full textAlbert, Stéphanie. "Rôle du désordre et de la nanostructuration sur les propriétés de transport ionique : les chalcogénures superconducteurs ioniques et les composites nanostructurés Si02/Ml avec (M = Ag, Li)." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20189.
Full textKarlsson, Christian. "Ionic conduction in glasses and nanocomposite polymer electrolytes /." Göteborg : Chalmers university of technology, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392991306.
Full textEvangelakis, Georges. "Superconducteurs ioniques de structure fluorine : a) Mesure de la conductivité ionique du SrF à haute température : b) Etude des propriétés thermodynamiques du CaF par simulation numérique /." Saclay : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35061250n.
Full textTaksande, Kiran. "Exploration of the Ionic Conduction Properties of Porous MOF Materials." Thesis, Université de Montpellier (2022-….), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UMONS010.
Full textThe conductivity performance of a new series of chemically stable proton conducting Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as well as a superionic molecular crystal was explored. The contribution of this PhD was to (i) select a variety of architectures and functionalities of robust MOFs/superionic molecular solids and (ii) characterize and rationalize their conducting performance over various temperature/humidity conditions. We designed two series of MOFs to achieve promising proton-conducting performance, using distinct approaches to modulate the concentration of Brønsted acidic sites and charge carriers and further boost the conductivity properties. First, a multicomponent ligand replacement strategy was successfully employed to elaborate a series of multivariate sulfonic-based solids MIP-207-(SO3H-IPA)x-(BTC)1–x which combine structural integrity with high proton conductivity values (e.g., σ = 2.6 × 10–2 S cm–1 at 363 K/95% Relative Humidity -RH-). Secondly, a proton conducting composite was prepared through the impregnation of an ionic liquid (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, EMIMCl) in the mesoporous MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H. The resulting composite displaying high thermal and chemical stability, exhibits outstanding proton conductivity not only at the anhydrous state (σ473 K = 1.5 × 10-3 S cm-1) but also under humidity (σ(343 K/60%-80%RH) ≥ 0.10 S cm-1) conditions. Finally, the ionic conducting properties of another class of porous solids, considering a zirconium-formate molecular solid containing KCl ion pairs (ZF-3) were explored. ZF-3 switches from an insulator (σ = 5.1 x 10-10 S cm-1 at 363 K/0% RH) to a superionic conductor upon hydration (σ = 5.2 x 10-2 S cm-1 at 363 K/95 % RH), in relation with the boost of Cl- dynamics upon water adsorption. Noteworthy, quantum- and force-field based simulations were combined with the experimental approach to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms at the origin of the ionic conducting properties of the studied materials. This fundamental knowledge will serve to create novel robust superionic conductors with outstanding performances that will pave the way towards appealing societal applications for clean energy production
Moreau, Christian. "Caractérisations thermoélectriques et optiques de polymères dopés par implantation ionique." Limoges, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIMO0019.
Full textGirault, Nathalie. "Synthèse et caractérisation de composites polymères à conduction ionique et électronique." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0080.
Full textDarricarrere, Gwenaël. "Contribution à l'étude des phénomènes de conductivité et de polarisation dans quelques verres oxydes ioniques." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20103.
Full textNéouze, Marie-Alexandra. "Ionogels obtenus par confinement d'un liquide ionique dans une matrice à base de silice." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20099.
Full textCaillon-Caravanier, Magaly. "Etudes physico-chimiques d'électrolytes gélifiés à conduction ionique pour batteries au lithium." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR4012.
Full textBechade, Emilie. "Nouveaux matériaux de structure apatite : synthèse, structure et mécanismes de conduction ionique." Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/1ec16a0d-1952-4c8d-90ef-359c8e8a938e/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4047.pdf.
Full textThis work is devoted to the processing and the semi-permeability properties of oxyapatites of general formula La9,33+x/3(SiO4)6O2+x/2 for potential applications as electrolyte in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). The physico-chemical and thermal behaviour of the reagents were studied in order to synthesize pure powders with variable stoichiometry (-0. 36
Laborde, Pascale. "Influence de l'oxygène sur les propriétés de conduction ionique de fluorures de structure fluorine ou dérivée." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10628.
Full textChoquet, Christophe. "Etude de la migration ionique dans les structures métal-isolant-silicium." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0048.
Full textVernochet, Christine. "Etude physico-chimique des BIMEVOX au zinc." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10104.
Full textGuedira, Taoufik. "Synthese et caracterisation physicochimique des phases du systeme Bi:(2)O::(3)-BiPO::(4)." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10036.
Full textVannier, Rose-Noëlle. "Nouvelles phases d'Aurivillius, conductrices bidimensionnelles par ions oxydes." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10002.
Full textLestel, Laurence. "Etude des propriétés de conduction ionique de réseaux polyéthers réticulés par hydrosilylation : influence du noeud siloxane." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0047.
Full textPham, Quoc Nghi Bohnké Claude. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'oxydes perovskites pour capteurs de pH étude du mécanisme de fonctionnement de ces capteurs /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2006/2006LEMA1002.pdf.
Full textCristian, Alina. "Systèmes moléculaires et matériaux structurés pour la conduction ionique et le transport d’eau." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS114/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is the study of ion and water transport either across bilayer membranes or polymeric membranes used for reverse osmosis. In the first part, this transport through self-assembled synthetic systems was studied; the transport selectivity is in strong relation with the supramolecular structure, formed by weak intra and intermolecular bonds. Ion transport is studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and water transport is studied by light scattering using “stopped flow” technique. The objective is to obtain systems that could imitate transport functions of biomolecules as transmembrane proteins. This functional mimicry is achieved through self-assembly of organic molecules containing imidazole cycle and urea function that can self-assembly and form selective pathways for ion transport. To create the equivalent of the cell membrane, we used unilamellar lipid vesicles. Then, we determined a structure - transport activity relationship for a series of synthesized compounds. For the second part of this work we described the fabrication and the characterization of new thin film composite membranes for water desalination that can present a good balance between permeability and salt rejection. A series of hydrazides as molecular precursors was synthesized in order to replace the metaphenylene diamine (MPD), classically used. Again, hydrogen bonds play an important role, because the rejection is due to a high cross-linking. The polymers synthesized by interfacial polymerization were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-Ray diffraction. The membrane films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. Membrane performances were then tested in cross-flow filtration of water and saline solutions
Lévêque, Michel. "Synthèse et étude des propriétés de transport de réseaux macromoléculaires à conduction ionique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600095w.
Full textMagrez, Arnaud. "Nouveaux oxydes électrolytes solides : relation entre microstructure et conductivité ionique." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2025.
Full textDebreuille-Gresse, Marie-Françoise. "Synthèse, structure et propriétés de composés du bismuth et d'anions phosphate ou vanadate." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10049.
Full textDongui, Bini Kouame. "Electrode métallique négative pour générateurs électrochimiques "tout solide" à conduction protonique." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0111.
Full textBourgel, Christine. "Mécanismes de conduction ionique dans les verres de silicates : application au système BaO-SiO2." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE2037.
Full textBedouret, Laura. "Modélisation théorique et expérimentale du mécanisme de conduction protonique dans un clathrate hydrate ionique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00821882.
Full textChagnes, Alexandre. "Propriétés de transport dans les électrolytes concentrés à base de y-butyrolactone : application aux accumulateurs rechargeables au lithium." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR4019.
Full textPung, Hélène. "Cristaux liquides ioniques thermotropes : Relations structure/propriétés de transport ionique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALV007.
Full textDeveloping multi-scale spatial (nano/meso/micro-macroscopic) and temporal studies is crucial to understand, control, and pilot the relationships linking the structure to the ionic transport properties of hierarchically self-assembled functional materials. It is along these research lines that this exploratory work is positioned to meet their associated scientific challenges. It aims in particular to bring together elements of understanding for designing families of electrolytes with tuneable-by-design (cat/an)ionic conductivity levels and that can be implemented by reliable manufacturing processes to authorize their scalable integration into more efficient electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. The scrutinized model families of soft-matter electrolytes are Thermotropic Ionic Liquid Crystals (TILCs), which synergistically combine dynamic hierarchical self-assembly with self-healing functionalities to encode dimensionality (quasi-1D/ quasi-2D/3D) controlled ionic transport. This research work presents and discusses the molecular engineering, syntheses and detailed studies of these model stimuli-responsive (An/Cat)ionic (A/C)-TILCs conductors.The study of the supramolecular organization of a model family of K+ and Na+ cation-conducting C-TILCs has unravelled i) a monotropic (i.e. which develops only during of the first heating scan) bicontinuous Cubic mesophase (Cubbi) with an Ia3d symmetry and ii) a hexagonal Columnar mesophase (Colhex), encoding 3D and quasi-1D transport processes, respectively. Polar ionic sub-domains are localized at the heart of the columns decorated at their periphery by aliphatic chains. The experimental study and modelling of the confinement of charge carriers within a model family of C18C18Im+/X- (X= Br-, I-, N(CN)2-) A-TILCs forming interdigitated Smectic A mesophases (SmAd are hosting quasi-2D anisotropic ionic transport) reveals a regime of nanoconfinement of anions subjected to electrostatic interactions within the ca. 1 nm-"thick" polar sub-layers within their lamellar organizations. The study of these TILCs thus addresses the functional impact of mosaicity, i.e. how the coexistence of mesomorphic domains presenting different orientations and sizes is impacting ionic transport.A first direct experimental description allows to describe the role of this dynamic mosaicity both i) on the long-range organization of mesomorphic domains and ii) onto ion transport at the meso-/macro-scopic scale. Within mesophases formed by the K+-cation conducting C-TILC, the Cubbi mesophase presents conductivity values two orders of magnitude greater than those associated to the Colhex mesophase. As the Cubbi mesophase does not require specific defect management strategies (low density of defects/homophasic interfaces), it turns out that polar subdomains can thus percolate efficiently according to an intrinsically 3D mechanism. In contrast, the long-range ordering of the (dynamic) SmAd mesomorphic domains of the C18C18Im+/N(CN)2- A-TILC, induced by the application of an external stimulus (here, a magnetic field of 1 T), results in a ca. x1.6 increase (from 92 to 145 nm) of the average size of mesomorphic domains at 80°C. Due to the reduction of the disorder and of the number of homophasic interfaces (which can penalize the transport of anions), a natural (expected) increase in conductivity values by a factor ca. x2.6 (9 to 25 µS·cm-1) is observed.Ultimately, TILCs, i.e. 2.0 electrolytic materials encoding ionic transport properties and (bioinspired) dynamic self-assembly/repairing functionalities, are consisting in an original class of stimuli-sensitive functional materials for the electrochemical conversion and storage of energy
Pimenta, Marcos Assuncao. "Transitions de phase à haute température et conduction ionique dans LiKSO4 et composés apparentés." Grenoble : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37593794w.
Full textXu, Xinglong. "Contribution à l'étude des effets d'irradiation induits dans les polymères par des faisceaux d'ions." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19032.
Full textPham, Quoc Nghi. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'oxydes perovskites pour capteurs de pH : étude du mécanisme de fonctionnement de ces capteurs." Le Mans, 2006. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2006/2006LEMA1002.pdf.
Full textPerovskite oxides can be used as sensitive element in pH sensors. A high ionic conductivity, mechanical and chemical resistances allow a fast response time and some potential applications in industry, such as food industry. Firstly, the crystallographic structure and the conduction properties of various oxides were studied before testing their pH sensitivity. Secondly, the optimized conditions to obtain a ceramic sensitive membrane starting from powders synthesized by various methods were determined. Moreover, the characteristics of the pH sensor were determined: response time, selectivity, influence of the redox species… Finally, among the studied compounds, the Li0. 30La0. 57TiO3 (LLTO) compound which exhibits the highest sensitivity to the pH was selected as model for studying the mechanism of pH detection. In particular, there mechanisms were suggested: the oxydo-reduction, the ionic exchange and the reaction of the -OH groups at the oxide surface. Experimental results show that the -OH groups at the oxide surface are responsible of the pH sensitivity of the ceramic membranes. The pH detection property by a potentiometric sensor of this type is unique and innovative. This work will allow the development of these pH sensors for practical uses
Bourbatache, Mohamed Khaled. "Modélisation du transfert des ions chlorures dans les matériaux cimentaires par homogénéisation périodique." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS283.
Full textThe objective of this work is the development of macroscopic models of ionic transfer in saturated cementitious materials from Nernst-Planck-Poisson equations written at a microscopic scale. The up-scaling is performed using the periodic homogenization technique. In the first step, we are interested in the ionic transfer without taking into account electrical double layer phenomena. In a second step, the ionic transfer equations are written at a nanometre scale (scale of the Debye length) where the electro-capillary phenomena appear, in order to take them into account in the local equations. In both cases we homogenize the local equations and we obtain explicit expressions of the homogenized diffusion tensor for two transfer regimes: diffusion-migration and pure migration. Numerical computations of homogenized diffusion tensor are made in both considered cases. Finally, at each step of the work, a comparison of numerical results and experimental values of diffusion coefficient is carried out in order to comprehend the influence of physical phenomena considered on the value of this parameter
Lagrené, Karine. "Étude dynamique de polymères sous confinement quasi-uniaxial." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112363.
Full textThanks to numerous theorical developments, it is now possible to draw a close relationship between polymer rheology in bulk and chain dynamics at the molecular level. Nevertheless, the peculiar proprties of polymers in interfacial situations or deep confinement are not completely understood. It has been recently observed by RMN relaxomery that the confinement of polymer melts in a nanoscopic isotropic porous matrix leads to chain dynamics dramatically different from the bulk behavior : the reptation tube diameter under confinement is one order of magnitude smaller than the bulk one (for PEO : dconf = 0. 6nm<
Mourksi, Djamel. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'hydrures et hydrurofluorures d'Ytterbium." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0028.
Full textAn attempt to reduce KF by Yb (under H2) in view to obtain mixed (Yb+K) hydridofluorides has given only the fluoride YbH2. 37. So we insist in preparing new compounds by reacting Yb hydrides and fluorides such as YbHl. 8, YbH2. 5 and Yb'F2. 33 for which original routes were performed. A new hydridofluoride Yb(H,F)2. 13-2. 15 is described. The standard enthalpies of formation of YbHl. 8 and YbH2. 5 has been calculated on the basis of calorimetric experiments (kJ. Mol-1)= -177 and -369,5 respectively. Electrical conductivities and their variations with temperature has been measured (complex impedance method). The results has been correlated with structural determinations or hypothesis. The good ionic conduction for YbH2. 5 and the poor one for Yb(H,F)2. 13-2. 15 can be explained a) by the existence of clusters with different morphology in an anion - excess fluorine structure b) by the great difference in polarisability for each of the mobile species H and F
Hafsi, Mahmoud. "Contribution à l'optimisation des choix de membranes denses ionisables à perméabilité sélective dans les procédés d'électrodialyse et autres techniques séparatives à membranes." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120014.
Full textViviani, David. "Etude des sites structuraux responsables du transport dans les verres d'alcalins mixtes." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20184.
Full textLisnard, Laurent. "Synthèse de polyoxométallates possédant des propriétés en magnétisme moléculaire ou en conduction ionique : synthèse spécifique pour l'obtention de systèmes étendus." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0010.
Full textThe reactivity of lacunary silicotungstate [SiW9O34]10- together with cobalt(II) has allowed the synthesis of unprecedented tetra and octanuclear cobalt-based clusters bearing acetate, azide or carbonate ligands. The divacant anion [SiW10O36]8- has lead to sandwich type polyoxometalates incorporating trinuclear cobalt(II) clusters. Magnetic measurements on these clusters reveal a ferromagnetic behaviour. More than ten multidimensional hybrid polyoxotungstates have been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal reaction starting from [WO4]2-, copper(II) or vanadium(IV) and polyamines. Addition of phosphate or silicate and tuning of the medium pH have yielded various structures like copper(II) or vanadium(IV/V)-based phosphometallic clusters which have been studied in magnetism. Also, this method has allowed the characterization of the first three-dimensional hybrid isopolyoxotungstate. Finally, the [MoV2O4(H2O)6]2+ cation reacts with [O3PCH2PO3]4- ligand and some inorganic templating ligands to yield hexa and octanuclear anionic wheels isolated as ammonium, sodium or lithium salts. This study has shown that the anionic structure is strictly correlated to the nature of the counter-cation. The different salts have been studied in solution by 31P NMR and in the solid state by ionic conduction measurements
Lazure, Sylvie. "Les Bicovox : élaboration, structure, conductivité anionique et approche de leur modélisation." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-324.pdf.
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