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1

Zhang, Yingjiu, Nanlin Wang, Rongrui He, Qi Zhang, Jing Zhu, and Yunjie Yan. "Reversible bending of Si3N4 nanowire." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 5 (May 2000): 1048–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0150.

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A reversible bending phenomenon of Si3N4 nanowires on the conductive carbon–formalin microgrid under an illumination of electron beam was observed using a transmission electron microscope. The nanowires exhibit high flexibility. The bending deflection is approximately proportional to the square of the current density (J) of the electron beam. The bending strength of Si3N4 nanowire is much higher than that of bulk Si3N4 materials. The force that bent the nanowires may be an electrostatic force.
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Wu, Shenglan, Jing Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Siyi Lv, Rongli Gao, Wei Cai, Fengqi Wang, and Chunlin Fu. "Micro-Area Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric and Conductive Properties of Single BiFeO3 Nanowire by Scanning Probe Microscopy." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (February 2, 2019): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020190.

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Ferroelectric nanowires have attracted great attention due to their excellent physical properties. We report the domain structure, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and conductive properties of bismuth ferrite (BFO, short for BiFeO3) nanowires characterized by scanning probe microscopy (SPM). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern presents single phase BFO without other obvious impurities. The piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) results indicate that the nanowires possess a multidomain configuration, and the maximum piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of single BFO nanowire is 22.21 pm/V. Poling experiments and local switching spectroscopy piezoresponse force microscopy (SS-PFM) demonstrate that there is sufficient polarization switching behavior and obvious piezoelectric properties in BFO nanowires. The conducting atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) results show that the current is just hundreds of pA at 8 V. These lay the foundation for the application of BFO nanowires in nanodevices.
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3

Bukins, Janis, Gunta Kunakova, Pāvels Birjukovs, Juris Prikulis, Justin Varghese, J. D. Holmes, and Donats Erts. "Characterization of Resistivity of Sb2S3 Semiconductor Nanowires by Conductive AFM and In Situ Methods." Advanced Materials Research 222 (April 2011): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.222.106.

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Conductive AFM and in situ methods were used to determine contact resistance and resistivity of individual Sb2S3 nanowires. Nanowires were deposited on oxidized Si surface for in situ measurements and on Si surface with macroelectrodes for conductive AFM (C-AFM) measurements. Contact resistance was determined by measurement of I(V) characteristics at different distances from the nanowire contact with the macroelectrode and resistivity of nanowires was determined. Sb2S3 is a soft material with low adhesion force to the surface and therefore special precautions were taken during measurements.
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4

Ross, Natasha, Ntuthuko Wonderboy Hlongwa, Chinwe O. Ikpo, Miranda M. Ndipingwi, Priscilla Gloria Lorraine Baker, and Emmanuel Iheanyichukwu Iwuoha. "Iron-Gold Coated-LiMn2-XO4 Nanowire High Power Cathode System Probed by Spectroscopic and Microstructural Analysis." Journal of Nano Research 44 (November 2016): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.44.10.

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The migration of lithium (Li) ions in electrode materials affects the rate performance of rechargeable Li ion batteries. Therefore, the application of LiMn2O4, whichis an appealing cathode material in high power systems, requires fast electron transfer kinetics which is possible through the use of nanostructured morphologies and conductive material. Nanowires offer the advantage of a large surface to volume ratio, efficient electron conducting pathways and facile strain relaxation. In this study, LiMn2O4 nanowires with cubic spinel structure were synthesized by using a α-MnO2 nanowire-template-based method. LiMn2O4 nanowires have diameters less than 10 nm and lengths of several micrometers. Fe-Au nanoparticles were synthesized and used as coating material to improve both the catalytic activities and stability of the LiMn2O4 nanowires. The Li[Fe0.02Au0.01]Mn1.97O4 nanowires with modified architecture effectively accommodates the structural transformation during Li+ ion charge and discharge. Hence, the Li[Fe0.02Au0.01]Mn1.97O4 nanowire cathode system shows outstanding stability and enhanced electrocatalytical properties. Microstructural analysis of Li[Fe0.02Au0.01]Mn1.97O4 linked its composition and processing to its properties and performance. High resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) of the nanomaterial showed good crystallinity which contributed towards good reversibility. XRD analysis revealed a pure cubic spinel structure without any impurities. Structural information provided by Raman and solid state spectroscopy further corroborated these findings. The improved rate and cycling performance is related to the conductive particles infused within the nanowires which make up the electrode.
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5

Du, Dexi, Xing Yang, Yonglan Yang, Yuzhen Zhao, and Yuehui Wang. "Silver Nanowire Ink for Flexible Circuit on Textiles." Micromachines 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10010042.

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Low cost electronics implemented in textiles could pave the way to a fully new generation of smart products in the fields of healthcare, sport, fashion, and safety. Although many methods have found their way into the market, many problems still need to be solved and much progress has to be made to enable the commercial exploitation of such products. In this paper, silver nanowires of 60–100 nm in diameter and 8–15 μm in length were achieved by the polyol solvothermal method, and aqueous silver nanowire conductive inks were prepared with the synthesized silver nanowires as the conductive phase, in the presence of polyaniline, guar, and hydrochloric acid. The conductive inks were printed on cotton fabric substrate by screen printing process. The effects of the amount of silver nanowires, layers of coating, and treatment temperature on the microstructure and electrical properties of samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the four-point probe method. The results show that the conductivity and densification of the samples increased with increased amount of silver nanowires, layers of coating, and treatment temperature. The heat treatment helped to improve densification of the silver nanowires and conductivity of the sample. The resistance of the samples increased after bending due to loosening of the overlap between the silver nanowires.
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6

LIU, JUN, ZHEN LIU, KANGBAO LIN, and AIXIANG WEI. "SYNTHESIS OF SUB-10 NM TiO2 NANOWIRES FOR THE APPLICATION OF DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS." Functional Materials Letters 06, no. 02 (April 2013): 1350017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604713500173.

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Highly oriented single-crystalline rutile TiO2 nanowires on transparent conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates are prepared by low-temperature hydrothermal method. The small lattice mismatch between FTO substrate and rutile TiO2 promote the epitaxial nucleation and growth of rutile TiO2 nanowires on FTO, with the diameter of 4–6 nm. Due to Van der waals force, the ultrafine nanowires tend to gather together, forming nanowire bundles. Using the ultrafine nanowire bundle array as the photoanode and ruthenium complex (N719) as the sensitizer, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are assembled. The effect of the TiO2 nanowire gathering on the power conversion of the DSSCs has been investigated. Experimental result shows that the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency is increased by reducing the gathering of the nanowires through introducing toluene into reactant precursors. The DSSCs based on the bundles with smallest average width (i.e., least nanowire gathering) show the highest power conversion efficiency of 3.70%. The relatively high energy conversion efficiency is contributed to the large surface area, which enhances the adsorption of dye molecules.
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7

Zhang, Zhao, Da Peng Sheng, Zhao Zhen Wei, Guo Hui Li, Yong Li, and Jing Tao Niu. "Research on the Controllable Preparation of Silver Nanowires in Conductive Adhesives." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.59.

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One dimensional nanomaterials are used as the basic and significant parts to fabricate nanodevices. Silver nanowire is a promising conductive particle, which can be used in conductive adhensives. The research is about the effects of the control agents, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the morphology and size of the product. And figure out an effective way to control the nucleation and the morphology of silver nanowires.
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8

Qian, Fang, Pui Ching Lan, Megan C. Freyman, Wen Chen, Tianyi Kou, Tammy Y. Olson, Cheng Zhu, et al. "Ultralight Conductive Silver Nanowire Aerogels." Nano Letters 17, no. 12 (September 13, 2017): 7171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02790.

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9

Lang, Katharina, Matthias Klein, Gerhard Domann, and Peer Löbmann. "Transparent conductive organic–inorganic hybrid composites based on Ag nanowires." Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 96, no. 1 (June 3, 2020): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05330-y.

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Abstract Silver nanowires (AgNW) were incorporated into different organic–inorganic hybrids and a silicone composition that served as a reference. Spin coating yielded transparent conductive films, their respective nanowire distribution, thermal activation, and visual transparency were characterized. The percolation threshold of the films scales with the individual average AgNW length. Substantial conductivity was maintained throughout mechanical stretching up to 30%. Microstructured organic–inorganic hybrid composite films were obtained by UV lithography.
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10

Park, Jeong Eon, and Dong Hack Suh. "Well-controlled silver nanowire/graphene hybrid from full solution process." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 8 (October 27, 2016): 1149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316677074.

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The surface of a one-dimensional silver nanowire was covered with amphiphilic materials, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3a-hydroxy-5b-cholan-24-amide, and patched with two-dimensional graphene to form individually controlled hybrid. Graphene was prepared from ultrasonic in o-dichlorobenzene without any additives. As N-(2-aminoethyl)-3a-hydroxy-5b-cholan-24-amide between silver nanowires and graphene tightly held each other, silver nanowire was individually covered with graphene without introducing ultrasonic power, the necessary process to evenly mix silver nanowires and graphene but lead to damage and oxidize silver nanowires. Although the quality of graphene was inferior, the properties of hybrid were superior compared with pristine silver nanowire/graphene except introducing N-(2-aminoethyl)-3a-hydroxy-5b-cholan-24-amide. All processes to form the hybrid were carried out in solution. Therefore, this makes the processes less expensive and more useful and opens up opportunities for the mass production for conductive materials.
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11

Ziegler, Kirk J., Boris Polyakov, Jaideep S. Kulkarni, Timothy A. Crowley, Kevin M. Ryan, Michael A. Morris, Donats Erts, and Justin D. Holmes. "Conductive films of ordered nanowire arrays." Journal of Materials Chemistry 14, no. 4 (2004): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b311585b.

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12

Ayati, Nooshin Sadat, Elahe Akbari, Seyed Pirooz Marashi, and Shahyar Saramad. "Template Assisted Growth of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanowires and Piezoelectric Properties." Advanced Materials Research 829 (November 2013): 757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.829.757.

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In this paper, we report on the synthesis of ZnO nanowires via templated electrochemical deposition. ZnO nanowire arrays were fabricated by potentiostatic electrodeposition in track-etched polycarbonate (PC) membrane. The electrolyte was aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate precursor. The electrodeposition process involves the electroreduction of nitrate ions to alter the local pH and precipitation of the metal oxide within the pores. The morphology analysis and structure characterization of the ZnO nanowires were carried out using conventional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction. To check the piezoelectric characteristics of the zinc oxide nanowires, the AFM microscope is used in contact mode. The scanned area was 5µm*5µm and the affected force was 30nN. In result of scanning each nanowire with conductive AFM tip in contact mode, a current peak which had a width smaller than topography peak was fabricated. This is due to semi-conductivity and piezoelectricity characteristics of Nanowires.
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13

Sepulveda-Mora, Sergio B., and Sylvain G. Cloutier. "Figures of Merit for High-Performance Transparent Electrodes Using Dip-Coated Silver Nanowire Networks." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/286104.

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Homogeneous, highly conductive, and transparent silver nanowire thin films were fabricated using a simple dip-coating technique and a subsequent annealing step. Silver nanowires with two different average lengths (11 μm and 19 μm) were used in the sample preparation to analyze the dependence of the sheet resistance on the length of the one-dimensional nanostructures. The best sample had a sheet resistance of 10.2 Ω/□with optical transmittance of 89.9%. Two figures of merit, the electrical to optical conductivity ratio(σDC/σOP)andϕTC, were obtained for all the samples in order to measure their performance as transparent conductive materials.
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14

Yan, Ai-Lan, Wei-Dong Wang, Wen-Qiang Chen, Xin-Chang Wang, Fu Liu, and Ji-Peng Cheng. "The Synthesis of NiCo2O4–MnO2 Core–Shell Nanowires by Electrodeposition and Its Supercapacitive Properties." Nanomaterials 9, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9101398.

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Hierarchical composite films grown on current collectors are popularly reported to be directly used as electrodes for supercapacitors. Highly dense and conductive NiCo2O4 nanowires are ideal backbones to support guest materials. In this work, low crystalline MnO2 nanoflakes are electrodeposited onto the surface of NiCo2O4 nanowire films pre-coated on nickel foam. Each building block in the composite films is a NiCo2O4–MnO2 core–shell nanowire on conductive nickel foam. Due to the co-presence of MnO2 and NiCo2O4, the MnO2@NiCo2O4@Ni electrode exhibits higher specific capacitance and larger working voltage than the NiCo2O4@Ni electrode. It can have a high specific capacitance of 1186 F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1. When the core–shell NiCo2O4–MnO2 composite and activated carbon are assembled as a hybrid capacitor, it has the highest energy density of 29.6 Wh·kg−1 at a power density of 425 W·kg−1 with an operating voltage of 1.7 V. This work shows readers an easy method to synthesize composite films for energy storage.
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15

Kim, Inhwan, Eugene Lee, Eunji Jang, and Gilsoo Cho. "Characteristics of polyurethane nanowebs treated with silver nanowire solutions as strain sensors." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 11 (March 28, 2017): 1215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517697647.

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This study presents a simple methodology to fabricate a conductive polyurethane nanoweb for use as a textile strain sensor. The purpose of this paper is to (1) fabricate an electrically-conductive polyurethane nanoweb coated with silver nanowires and investigate changes in its electrical resistance in relation to the amount of silver nanowires, (2) investigate changes in the electrical resistance of the polyurethane nanowebs under stretching, (3) evaluate the mechanical and chemical properties of the treated nanowebs, and (4) observe the breathability of the coated nanowebs. Silver nanowires dispersed in ethanol (AgNW) were diluted as necessary by addition of ethanol. Electrical conductivity was imparted to the polyurethane nanowebs by a pour-coating process utilizing AgNWs. The initial electrical resistance of the specimens and the changes with stretching up to 20% and release were recorded, and the data were analyzed. The electrical resistance decreased in accordance with the AgNW concentration. The electrical resistance increased under stretch and decreased upon release. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analysis displayed the polyurethane, the silver nanowire attachment to the fibers, and the silver nanowire networks. According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, hydrogen bonds derived from the treatment with ethanol generated a crimp structure on the polyurethane nanowebs. Both tensile strength and bending rigidity increased after the treatment. Breathability tests showed that the specimens had semi-windproof and good water vapor transmission properties as textiles.
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16

Yu, Xiaoming, Xuan Yu, Jianjun Zhang, Liqiao Chen, Yunqian Long, and Dekun Zhang. "Optical properties of conductive silver-nanowire films with different nanowire lengths." Nano Research 10, no. 11 (June 20, 2017): 3706–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1583-6.

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17

Gurarslan, Alper, Büşra Özdemir, İbrahim Halil Bayat, Mustafa Berke Yelten, and Güneş Karabulut Kurt. "Silver nanowire coated knitted wool fabrics for wearable electronic applications." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501985622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019856222.

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This study demonstrates a first example of silver nanowire coated wool fibers for wearable electronic applications. Silver nanowires were synthesized according to the polyol method and then drop casted on knitted wool fabrics. Electronic properties of the knitted samples were investigated under cyclic bending conditions. Conductive fabrics were isolated with a dielectric material and used as capacitance to measure respiration and finger motions. In addition, the same capacitor was employed as a pressure sensor and touch-based sensor for lighting up an LED. This study demonstrates that silver nanowire coated knitted wool fabrics can be used in electronic textiles not only as a flexible electrode but also as a capacitor for different applications.
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18

Mouchaal, Younes, and Abdelbacet Khelil. "Optimization of SnO2/Ag nanowire transparent hybrid electrodes for optoelectronic applications." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 87, no. 3 (September 2019): 31302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2019190139.

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Silver nanowire (Ag NW) networks are gaining more interest as promising candidates for the substitution of indium tin oxide (ITO) for top electrodes in optoelectronic devices. In this work we investigated the electrical, optical, structural, and morphological properties of SnO2/Ag NW hybrid film deposited by spray pyrolysis root. We showed that annealing at appropriate temperature improves optoelectronic and morphological properties of the SnO2/AgNWs electrodes; the optimal annealing temperature was 180 °C for 20 min. These annealing conditions allow better homogenization of the nanowires and their welding at the intersection nodes ensuring conduction of the charge carriers along the conductive grid formed of nanowires. The optimized SnO2/AgNWs electrodes have a large optical window covering the near-UV, Vis and IR range, with an average transparency of 85% and a sheet resistance of 6.1 Ω/sq. These optoelectronic performances have led to a merit factor of 2.5 × 10−2 Ω−1 being a competitive performance among the currently developed electrodes that can be promising candidates for applications as a transparent electrodes in optoelectronic devices.
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19

Wang, Pengchang, Chi Zhang, Majiaqi Wu, Jianhua Zhang, Xiao Ling, and Lianqiao Yang. "Scalable Solution-Processed Fabrication Approach for High-Performance Silver Nanowire/MXene Hybrid Transparent Conductive Films." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061360.

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The transparent conductive films (TCFs) based on silver nanowires are expected to be a next-generation electrode for flexible electronics. However, their defects such as easy oxidation and high junction resistance limit its wide application in practical situations. Herein, a method of coating Ti3C2Tx with different sizes was proposed to prepare silver nanowire/MXene composite films. The solution-processed silver nanowire (AgNW) networks were patched and welded by capillary force effect through the double-coatings of small and large MXene nanosheets. The sheet resistance of the optimized AgNW/MXene TCFs was 15.1 Ω/sq, the optical transmittance at 550 nm was 89.3%, and the figure of merit value was 214.4. Moreover, the AgNW/MXene TCF showed higher stability at 1600 mechanical bending, annealing at 100 °C for 50 h, and exposure to ambient air for 40 days. These results indicate that the novel AgNW/MXene TCFs have a great potential for high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices.
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20

Das, Suprem R., Sajia Sadeque, Changwook Jeong, Ruiyi Chen, Muhammad A. Alam, and David B. Janes. "Copercolating Networks: An Approach for Realizing High-Performance Transparent Conductors using Multicomponent Nanostructured Networks." Nanophotonics 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 180–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0036.

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Abstract Although transparent conductive oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) are widely employed as transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) for applications such as touch screens and displays, new nanostructured TCEs are of interest for future applications, including emerging transparent and flexible electronics. A number of twodimensional networks of nanostructured elements have been reported, including metallic nanowire networks consisting of silver nanowires, metallic carbon nanotubes (m-CNTs), copper nanowires or gold nanowires, and metallic mesh structures. In these single-component systems, it has generally been difficult to achieve sheet resistances that are comparable to ITO at a given broadband optical transparency. A relatively new third category of TCEs consisting of networks of 1D-1D and 1D-2D nanocomposites (such as silver nanowires and CNTs, silver nanowires and polycrystalline graphene, silver nanowires and reduced graphene oxide) have demonstrated TCE performance comparable to, or better than, ITO. In such hybrid networks, copercolation between the two components can lead to relatively low sheet resistances at nanowire densities corresponding to high optical transmittance. This review provides an overview of reported hybrid networks, including a comparison of the performance regimes achievable with those of ITO and single-component nanostructured networks. The performance is compared to that expected from bulk thin films and analyzed in terms of the copercolation model. In addition, performance characteristics relevant for flexible and transparent applications are discussed. The new TCEs are promising, but significant work must be done to ensure earth abundance, stability, and reliability so that they can eventually replace traditional ITO-based transparent conductors.
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21

Xu, Feng, and Yong Zhu. "Highly Conductive and Stretchable Silver Nanowire Conductors." Advanced Materials 24, no. 37 (July 12, 2012): 5117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201201886.

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22

Xu, Heng Rui, and Ping Liu. "Patterning Method for Nanowire Transparent Conductive Films." Materials Science Forum 1036 (June 29, 2021): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1036.66.

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With the development of flexible optoelectronic devices, transparent conductive films (TCFs) based on nanowires provide wide concern. The low preparation cost and high-efficiency assembly characteristics make them occupy a very important position in scientific research and industrial application. In practical applications, TCFs in optoelectronic devices often do not need to cover the whole device, but only need to be prepared in part areas. At this time, patterned TCFs need to be prepared. In this paper, four kinds of patterning methods of TCFs are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed.
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23

Sekar, S., V. Lemaire, H. Hu, G. Decher, and M. Pauly. "Anisotropic optical and conductive properties of oriented 1D-nanoparticle thin films made by spray-assisted self-assembly." Faraday Discussions 191 (2016): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00017g.

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We report on the fabrication of oriented anisotropic metal nanoparticle thin films made by Grazing Incidence Spraying (GIS) and on the anisotropic plasmonic properties of the resulting thin films. Gold nanorods of two different aspect ratios and silver nanowires were self-assembled as a uniaxially aligned monolayer with the GIS approach. In particular, we examine the influence of the nanowire/nanorod length and diameter on the degree of ordering determined by electron microscopy pictures. Furthermore, we show that the anisotropy of the optical properties (probed by polarized UV-visible-near infrared spectroscopy) strongly depend on the quality of alignment. The prepared monolayer thin films have an orientation order parameter of up to 0.83 for silver nanowires, which is reflected in an optical anisotropy of 0.57 in the UV-visible and 0.76 in the near infrared through the selective excitation of transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance modes. The electronic transport in oriented silver nanowire monolayers is also shown to be highly directional, with the sheet resistance varying over almost an order of magnitude depending on the transport direction. Such anisotropic conductive plasmonic thin films may find applications in various fields like biochemical sensing, energy transport and harvesting or optoelectronic devices.
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24

Santos, Franceska A., Dana J. Christensen, Ryan Y. Cox, Spencer A. Schultz, Raymond H. Fernando, and Shanju Zhang. "Dynamic Gelation of Conductive Polymer Nanocomposites Consisting of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) and ZnO Nanowires." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 8 (July 30, 2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5080199.

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The sol–gel transition of conductive nanocomposites consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and ZnO nanowires in o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) has been investigated rheologically. The physical gelation of P3HT in o-DCB spontaneously occurs upon adding the small amount of ZnO nanowires. The rheological properties of the P3HT/ZnO nanocomposite gels have been systematically studied by varying factors such as polymer concentration, nanowire loading, and temperature. The nanocomposite gel exhibits shear-thinning in the low shear rate range and shear-thickening in the high shear rate range. The elastic storage modulus of the nanocomposite gel gradually increases with gelation time and is consistently independent of frequency at all investigated ranges. The isothermal gelation kinetics has been analyzed by monitoring the storage modulus with gelation time, and the data are well fitted with a first-order rate law. The structural analysis data reveal that the polymer forms the crystalline layer coated on ZnO nanowires. A fringed micelle model is proposed to explain the possible gelation mechanism.
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Fayyadh, Osamah Ali, Intan Nur Ain Arifin, Azelah Khairudin, Jumiah Hassan, Shamsu Abubakar, Zainal Abidin Talib, and Suriati Paiman. "Effect of Conductive Layer Condition on the Morphology of Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template-Assisted Indium Antimonide Nanowires." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 3157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17386.

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Indium antimonide nanowires were synthesized by electrochemical deposition using anodic aluminum oxide template in the presence of gold film as conductive layers. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry measurements were carried out to investigate the effect of adhesive insulated tape covered below the conductive layer. Results showed that the anodic aluminum oxide template covered with insulating tapes had better morphology with less presence of overgrown rough film on the topside of the anodic aluminum oxide template and it exhibited a smoother nanowire sidewall as compared to the uncovered ones. Additionally, the unique properties of anodic aluminum oxide were controllable pore diameter with a narrow size distribution at some intervals. It was evident from the energy dispersive X-ray spectrum that the nanowires synthesized from the covered template condition exhibited better InSb composition and stoichiometric ratio compared to the uncovered template condition.
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26

Atwa, Yahya, Nupur Maheshwari, and Irene A. Goldthorpe. "Silver nanowire coated threads for electrically conductive textiles." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 16 (2015): 3908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc00380f.

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27

Liu, Weixiao, Yanyan Wang, Lei Dong, Manman Huang, Shuyang Ying, and Changsi Peng. "Preparation of copper nanowires conductive films by using cuprous oxide nanowire as template." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 446 (March 21, 2020): 022027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/446/2/022027.

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28

Lee, Ho Seok, Yeon Won Kim, Jong Eun Kim, Sung Woon Yoon, Tae Young Kim, Jin-Seo Noh, and Kwang S. Suh. "Synthesis of dimension-controlled silver nanowires for highly conductive and transparent nanowire films." Acta Materialia 83 (January 2015): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.09.042.

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29

Rahman, N. A. A., Rosnita Muhammad, Zuhairi Ibrahim, and Yussof Wahab. "Growth of Copper Nanowires by Using Thermal Oxidation for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." Solid State Phenomena 268 (October 2017): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.268.234.

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Tuning high density nanostructures by simple and economic method may contribute towards the development of solid oxide fuel cells. Copper oxide nanowires grown on Cu foil by thermal oxidation at relative low operating temperature from 400°C are characterized by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force morphology (AFM), conductive-AFM (C-AFM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The role of oxidizing temperature and time on structural and electrical properties are studied. The formation of nanowires is confirmed by X-Ray diffraction pattern with the presence of copper oxide. The electrical conductivity of the nanowires was ranging from 0.2x105 S m-1 to 0.8x105 S m-1are determined from conductive atomic force microscopy. The oxidation time strongly influence the morphology and chemical composition of the nanowires. Field emission scanning electron microscopy reveals the growth mechanism of copper nanowires formation is based on vapour-solid (VS) mechanism. Herein, the successfully growth of CuO nanowire are directly from Cu foil to overcome the mismatching stress between the substrate and the oxide layer. Optimum parameters are studied to make better electrolyte performance in the applications of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).
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Cao, Lin, Qin Huang, Jie Cui, Huaijun Lin, Wei Li, Zhidan Lin, and Peng Zhang. "Rapid and Facile Synthesis of High-Performance Silver Nanowires by a Halide-Mediated, Modified Polyol Method for Transparent Conductive Films." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (June 9, 2020): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061139.

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Silver nanowires are receiving increasing attention as a kind of prospective transparent and conductive material. Here, we successfully synthesized high-performance silver nanowires with a significantly decreased reaction time by a modified polyol method. The synthesis process involved the addition of halides, including NaCl and NaBr, to control the release rate of Ag+ ions, as Cl− and Br− ions react with Ag+ ions to form AgCl and AgBr with different solubilities. As a result, Ag+ ions could be slowly released by graded dissolution, and the formation of silver nanowires was promoted. The results showed that the concentration of the added halides played an important role in the morphology of the final product. High-quality silver nanowires with an average diameter of 70 nm and average length of 21 μm were obtained by optimizing the reaction parameters. Afterwards, a simple silver nanowire coating was applied in order to fabricate the transparent conductive films. The film that was based on the silver nanowires provided a transmittance of 91.2% at the 550 nm light wavelength and a sheet resistance of about 78.5 Ω·sq−1, which is promising for applications in flexible and transparent optoelectronic devices.
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Timofeeva, Maria, Alexey Bolshakov, Peter D. Tovee, Dagou A. Zeze, Vladimir G. Dubrovskii, and Oleg V. Kolosov. "Scanning thermal microscopy with heat conductive nanowire probes." Ultramicroscopy 162 (March 2016): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.12.006.

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32

Ikeda, Yuji, Masato Senami, and Akitomo Tachibana. "Local electric conductive property of Si nanowire models." AIP Advances 2, no. 4 (December 2012): 042168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769887.

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33

Catenacci, Matthew J., Christopher Reyes, Mutya A. Cruz, and Benjamin J. Wiley. "Stretchable Conductive Composites from Cu–Ag Nanowire Felt." ACS Nano 12, no. 4 (March 14, 2018): 3689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b00887.

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34

Zach, Michael P., Koji Inazu, John C. Hemminger, and Reginald M. Penner. "Electrochemical Deposition of Molybdenum Nanowires for Use as Sensors." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 464–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600028397.

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Electrodeposition of molybdenum dioxide (using the step edges of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite as nucleation templates) is used to form precursor nanowires ranging in diameter from 10 nm to one micron with many exceeding one-half millimeter in length. Subsequent treatment with hydrogen gas above 500°C reduces the wires to conductive metallic molybdenum. (Science, December 15, 2000, 290 (5499) 2120, selected as cover story). Currently, this is the only method which exists to create millions of ordered nanowire arrays with such high aspect ratios. A film of either polystyrene or cyanoacrylate polymer is used to lift the wires off of the conductive graphite substrate making electronically isolated wires. Electronically isolated wires such as these hold promise to be sensors, electronic interconnects or as precursors for growing more complex electrodeposited circuitry.The discovery of a method to deposit nanowires is just the beginning. By using a piece of a double-sided copper-clad circuit board as a support, the polymer containing nanowires can be made into a robust sensor device.
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Jeong, Keuk-Min, Yagua Cai, Xianqing Piao, and Chang-Sik Ha. "Transparent Conductive Silver Nanowire Embedded Polyimide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Film." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 4866–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17823.

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A highly flexible, transparent, and conductive polyimide (PI) hybrid film with good thermal stability was fabricated by embedding reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coated silver nanowire (AgNW) into 4,4′-(hexa fluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride(6FDA)/2,2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFDB) poly(amic acid) using a spray coating method, followed by thermal imidization. The PI/AgNW/rGO conductive film exhibited good thermal stability up to 553 °C, low sheet resistance (37 Ω/sq), high optical transparency (81%), and high hydrophobic surface (water contact angle, 89°). The rGO protected the surface of AgNW, which is weak to oxidation in air condition, and thus effectively reduced the surface resistance of the PI hybrid film. The hybrid film may offer a good potential for application as flexible transparent conducting electrodes.
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36

Hsiao, Sheng-Tsung, Hsi-Wen Tien, Wei-Hao Liao, Yu-Sheng Wang, Shin-Ming Li, Chen-Chi MMa, Yi-Hsiuan Yu, and Wen-Pin Chuang. "A highly electrically conductive graphene–silver nanowire hybrid nanomaterial for transparent conductive films." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2, no. 35 (June 27, 2014): 7284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc01217h.

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37

Li, Wen-Hua, Jiangquan Lv, Qiaohong Li, Jiafang Xie, Naoki Ogiwara, Yiyin Huang, Huijie Jiang, Hiroshi Kitagawa, Gang Xu, and Yaobing Wang. "Conductive metal–organic framework nanowire arrays for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 17 (2019): 10431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta02169h.

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38

Zhu, Sheng, Zidan Wang, Fangzhi Huang, Hui Zhang, and Shikuo Li. "Hierarchical Cu(OH)2@Ni2(OH)2CO3 core/shell nanowire arrays in situ grown on three-dimensional copper foam for high-performance solid-state supercapacitors." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 20 (2017): 9960–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta01805c.

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Well-aligned hierarchical Cu(OH)2@Ni2(OH)2CO3 core/shell nanowire arrays in situ grown on conductive copper foams as binder- and conductive-free electrodes display superior electrochemical performances.
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39

KEIVANI, MARYAM, ALI KOOCHI, HAMID M. SEDIGHI, MOHAMADREZA ABADYAN, AMIN FARROKHABADI, and ABED MOHEB SHAHEDIN. "EFFECT OF SURFACE LAYER ON ELECTROMECHANICAL STABILITY OF TWEEZERS AND CANTILEVERS FABRICATED FROM CONDUCTIVE CYLINDRICAL NANOWIRES." Surface Review and Letters 23, no. 02 (February 29, 2016): 1550101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x15501012.

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Herein, the impact of surface layer on the stability of nanoscale tweezers and cantilevers fabricated from nanowires with cylindrical cross section is studied. A modified continuum based on the Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity is applied for incorporating the presence of surface layer. Considering the cylindrical geometry of the nanowire, the presence of the Coulomb attraction and dispersion forces are incorporated in the derived formulations. Three different approaches, i.e. numerical differential quadrature method (DQM), an approximated homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and developing lumped parameter model (LPM) have been employed to solve the governing equations. The impact of surface layer on the instability of the system is demonstrated.
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40

Williams, Nicholas X., Steven Noyce, Jorge A. Cardenas, Matthew Catenacci, Benjamin J. Wiley, and Aaron D. Franklin. "Silver nanowire inks for direct-write electronic tattoo applications." Nanoscale 11, no. 30 (2019): 14294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr03378e.

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41

Xu, Ye, Dengteng Ge, Gabriel A. Calderon-Ortiz, Annemarie L. Exarhos, Coline Bretz, Ahmed Alsayed, Dave Kurz, et al. "Highly conductive and transparent coatings from flow-aligned silver nanowires with large electrical and optical anisotropy." Nanoscale 12, no. 11 (2020): 6438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr09598e.

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42

Hicks, Jeremy, Junying Li, Chen Ying, and Ant Ural. "Effect of nanowire curviness on the percolation resistivity of transparent, conductive metal nanowire networks." Journal of Applied Physics 123, no. 20 (May 28, 2018): 204309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5029896.

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43

Peng, Yi-Hang, Mei-Xia Guo, Fu Shao, Si Liu, Quan Zhu, and Shao-Wei Bian. "Assembly of porous NiO nanowires on carbon cloth as a flexible electrode for high-performance supercapacitors." RSC Advances 6, no. 78 (2016): 74874–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra17123k.

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44

Wu, Fan, Zidong Li, Feng Ye, Xiaoli Zhao, Tong Zhang, and Xiaoniu Yang. "Aligned silver nanowires as transparent conductive electrodes for flexible optoelectronic devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 47 (2016): 11074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc03671f.

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45

Hoeng, Fanny, Aurore Denneulin, Guillaume Krosnicki, and Julien Bras. "Positive impact of cellulose nanofibrils on silver nanowire coatings for transparent conductive films." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 46 (2016): 10945–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc03629e.

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46

Kim, Hyunki, Gyeong-Nam Lee, and Joondong Kim. "Hybrid Structures of ITO-Nanowire-Embedded ITO Film for the Enhanced Si Photodetectors." Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (July 2, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4178989.

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A high-performance silicon UV photodetector was achieved by using a hybrid of a film with nanowires. Electrically conductive and optically transparent indium-tin oxide (ITO) was deposited to form an ITO film or ITO nanowire (NW) on a Si substrate, resulting in a heterojunction. The ITO-film device is stable with a low-leakage current. Meanwhile, the ITO NWs demonstrated an excellent capability to collect photogenerated carriers. The hybrid ITO (NWs on a film)/Si photodetector demonstrates a fast UV reactive time of 1.6 ms among Si-based photodetectors. We may find a means of enhancing the photoelectric performance capabilities of devices beyond the limits of conventional Si via the adoption of functional designs. Moreover, the use of a homogeneous material for the structuring of films and nanowires would offer a remarkable advantage by reducing both the number of fabrication steps and the cost.
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47

Liu, Bo-Tau, and Han-Lin Kuo. "Graphene/silver nanowire sandwich structures for transparent conductive films." Carbon 63 (November 2013): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.06.094.

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48

Liang, Yongqi, Changgua Zhen, Dechun Zou, and Dongsheng Xu. "Preparation of Free-Standing Nanowire Arrays on Conductive Substrates." Journal of the American Chemical Society 126, no. 50 (December 2004): 16338–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja044545v.

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49

Cho, Eun-Hyoung, Jinyoung Hwang, Jaekwan Kim, Jooho Lee, Chan Kwak, and Chang Seung Lee. "Low-visibility patterning of transparent conductive silver-nanowire films." Optics Express 23, no. 20 (September 25, 2015): 26095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.026095.

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50

Lei, Da, Weibiao Wang, Leyong Zeng, and Jingqiu Liang. "Electron field emission properties of a gated conductive nanowire." Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 41, no. 7 (June 2009): 1169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2009.01.017.

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