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1

Robertson, P. K. "Soil classification using the cone penetration test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 27, no. 1 (1990): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t90-014.

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Several charts exist for evaluating soil type from electric cone penetration test (CPT) data. A new system is proposed based on normalized CPT data. The new charts are based on extensive data available from published and unpublished experience worldwide. The new charts are evaluated using data from a 300 m deep borehole with wire-line CPT. Good agreement was obtained between samples and the CPT data using the new normalized charts. Recommendations are provided concerning the location at which to measure pore pressures during cone penetration. Key words: soil classification, cone penetration te
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2

Abu-Farsakh, Murad Y., Zhongjie Zhang, Mehmet Tumay, and Mark Morvant. "Computerized Cone Penetration Test for Soil Classification." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2053, no. 1 (2008): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2053-07.

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Computerized MS-Windows Visual Basic software of a cone penetration test (CPT) for soil classification was developed as part of an extensive effort to facilitate the implementation of CPT technology in many geotechnical engineering applications. Five CPT soil engineering classification systems were implemented as a handy, user-friendly, software tool for geotechnical engineers. In the probabilistic region estimation and fuzzy classification methods, a conformal transformation is first applied to determine the profile of soil classification index (U) with depth from cone tip resistance (qc) and
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3

De Beer, E. E., E. Goelen, W. J. Heynen, and K. Joustra. "Cone penetration test (CPT): international reference test procedure." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 27, no. 2 (1990): A93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(90)95093-g.

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4

Treen, Curtis R., Peter K. Robertson, and David J. Woeller. "Cone penetration testing in stiff glacial soils using a downhole cone penetrometer." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 29, no. 3 (1992): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t92-049.

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Cone penetration testing (CPT) in Canada is usually performed using locally available drilling rigs. The limited pushing capacity of most drilling rigs coupled with the risk of damage to expensive cone penetrometers has tended to restrict the CPT to generally loose or soft soils. Therefore, in regions dominated by stiff glacial soils the more rugged standard penetration test (SPT) is still the most commonly used in situ test during geotechnical investigations. However, there are many limitations with the SPT with respect to interpretation and repeatability, especially the uncertainty with the
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5

Wang, Shimin, Ziqiang Ren, Hang Zhou, and Jiawang Chen. "Model prediction controller for penetration mechanism of seabed cone penetration test system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2591, no. 1 (2023): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2591/1/012027.

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Abstract The system of seabed Cone Penetration Test (CPT) is a kind of equipment for offshore investigations. Seabed CPT is used to assess multiple physical properties of marine sediments. Constant-rate penetration mechanism is the core part of seabed CPT, which adopts dual-cylinder drive to penetrate the probe rod into the seafloor sediments at a constant speed (2cm/s). At present, the domestic CPT and its penetration equipment almost all rely on imports. In the process of system design, we found that the traditional PID control of the hydraulic cylinder position control accuracy is low, so w
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6

Li, Wenqiang. "Application of CPT test in the evaluation of the test effect of lime soil compacting pile." Vibroengineering PROCEDIA 49 (May 18, 2023): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2023.23234.

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In the course of highway construction and use in loess area, subgrade settlement disease is common and has great destructiveness. The cone penetration test (CPT), especially the pore pressure cone penetration test, can provide three continuous readings along the exploration depth cone tip resistance, lateral friction resistance and excess pore water pressure. In this paper, CPT tests are carried out in the losses areas in Shanxi, China. Some data and curves are obtained by using CPT, which are quite different from those obtained by conventional drilling, reflecting the soil layer characteristi
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7

Robertson, P. K., and CE (Fear) Wride. "Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 35, no. 3 (1998): 442–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t98-017.

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Soil liquefaction is a major concern for structures constructed with or on sandy soils. This paper describes the phenomena of soil liquefaction, reviews suitable definitions, and provides an update on methods to evaluate cyclic liquefaction using the cone penetration test (CPT). A method is described to estimate grain characteristics directly from the CPT and to incorporate this into one of the methods for evaluating resistance to cyclic loading. A worked example is also provided, illustrating how the continuous nature of the CPT can provide a good evaluation of cyclic liquefaction potential,
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8

Ladanyi, Branko. "Borehole penetration and expansion devices for ice testing." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 1 (1996): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-016.

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The paper presents two methods for in situ testing of strength and creep properties of ice, together with their theoretical interpretation and typical results. The two methods which are relatively new in this area of application, are the stress-controlled cone penetration test (CPT), and the sharp cone test (SCT). The CPT has been shown in the last few years to be an excellent tool for both ice quality profiling and ice creep and strength properties determination. The test can be used for penetrating vertically through an ice sheet, or laterally into an ice wall in a trench. The SCT is a speci
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9

Basoka, I. Wayan Ariyana. "PERBANDINGAN DAYA DUKUNG TIANG PANCANG BERDASARKAN PENGUJIAN CONE PENETRATION TEST (CPT) DAN STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT) PADA TANAH BERPASIR." UKaRsT 4, no. 1 (2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ukarst.v4i1.793.

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Design of building structure always related to the foundation, field testing is often done to test the bearing capacity of the soil in the form of a cone penetration test (CPT) and a standard penetration test (SPT). From the two field tests that are often done, it is necessary to research the amount of bearing capacity obtained through CPT and SPT data. This study uses a bearing capacity analysis of the pile foundation using CPT and SPT data in Pesanggaran, Bali, Indonesia. The analysis was carried out by comparing the bearing capacity of pile foundations using pile foundations with dimensions
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10

Irgi Rangga Prayoga, Mohammad Chilmi Zakariyah, Priangga Surya Maulana, Ahmad Moh Wildanul Abror, and Dika Ayu Safitri. "Penyelidikan Tanah Menggunakan Metode Uji Sondir Di Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya." Jurnal Kendali Teknik dan Sains 2, no. 2 (2024): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.59581/jkts-widyakarya.v2i2.3030.

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Cone Penetration Test (CPT) is a method designed to determine and test the strength of soil layers quickly and is one of the most widely used testing methods. The aim of this research is to determine the resulting bearing capacity and determine the hard soil layers on the Padhang-Padhang campus of West Sulawesi University using the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) or Sondir field testing tool. The method used in this research is the literature study method and direct testing in the field. From the results of this test, the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) data from 1 test point was processed and analyze
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11

Suryanegara Dwipa, R. S., I. W. Arya, I. W. Wiraga, and I. M. W. Pramana. "Evaluation of liquefaction potential using cone penetration test (CPT) and standard penetration test (SPT)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1450 (February 2020): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1450/1/012016.

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12

Kurup, Pradeep U., and Mehmet T. Tumay. "Calibration of a Miniature Cone Penetrometer for Highway Applications." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1614, no. 1 (1998): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1614-02.

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The electronic cone penetrometer is an important in situ investigation tool of choice for site characterization. Application of this proven concept of the cone penetration test (CPT) to highway design and construction control by miniaturization is described. A miniature cone penetrometer with a projected cone area of 2 cm2 has been developed and implemented in a continuous intrusion miniature cone penetration test system (CIMCPT). This device may be used for rapid, accurate, and economical characterization of sites and to determine engineering soil parameters needed in the design of pavements,
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13

Gunawan, Sumiyati, Niken Silmi Surjandari, and Bambang Setiawan. "Tahanan Lateral Pondasi Tiang Berdasar Cone Penetration Test." Jurnal Teknik Sipil 15, no. 4 (2020): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jts.v15i4.3798.

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Kapasitas beban lateral pondasi tiang (Pu) merupakan hal utama untuk perencanaan konstuksi dengan beban lateral yang cukup dominan. Kapasitas Pu didasarkan pada kondisi keseimbangan resultan gaya pada tiang dan ketahanan tanah lateral serta distribusi tekanan tanah PL sepanjang kedalaman tiang berdasarkan metode konvensional, tetapi sulit diterapkan pada tanah nonhomogen, karena kondisi tanah nonlinier terhadap kedalaman. Insitu test yang paling sering digunakan karena mudah, cepat dan hemat biaya adalah cone penetration test (CPT), yang memberikan profil tanah secara kontinu, dan lebih mendef
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14

Haldar, Sumanta, and G. L. Sivakumar Babu. "Reliability measures for pile foundations based on cone penetration test data." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 45, no. 12 (2008): 1699–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t08-082.

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The in situ behaviour of pile foundations is considerably influenced by variability in soil properties. Cone penetration (CPT) data are often used to determine the pile ultimate capacity. A wider range of values of the ultimate capacity are predicted when different CPT-based methods are used, as compared to using pile load test results. The present study considers inherent soil variability, measurement, and transformation variability. The undrained shear strength obtained from CPT data is considered to be a random variable. An approach to obtain load–settlement curves and the associated statis
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15

Arbianto, Reki, Teguh Yuono, and G. Gunarso. "Comparison of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Value Based on Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP)." Journal of Advanced Civil and Environmental Engineering 4, no. 2 (2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jacee.4.2.70-78.

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In civil engineering, land is important because as a place for building infrastructure to be built, so that the building infrastructure on it is stable, adequate carrying capacity is needed. The amount of soil bearing capacity can be determined in several ways, including the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Field Test, Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The CBR and DCP tests are often used to determine the level of surface soil density on road structures, while CPT is usually used to determine the hard soil layer on the building structure. However, in certain situat
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16

Reid, David. "Estimating slope of critical state line from cone penetration test — an update." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 52, no. 1 (2015): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0068.

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Estimation of density from cone penetration test (CPT) results is challenging, as cone resistance is a function of a number of soil properties, particularly compressibility. While many of the relevant soil properties can be determined from laboratory testing of recovered samples, this process is not feasible when investigating a deposit of soil with significant variations in gradation and (or) properties across depth and lateral extent. To provide a first-order estimate of density from CPT results alone, a number of correlations have been developed to ascertain other soil properties, particula
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17

Rabarijoely, Simon. "Evaluation of correlation between parameters from CPTU and DMT tests and soil type behavior chart." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 50, no. 4 (2018): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sggw-2018-0025.

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Abstract This paper presents the correlation of soil parameters obtained from the dilatometer of the Marchetti (DMT) and the cone penetration tests (CPT). The data for the development of these correlations come from four experimental sites of the Department of Geotechnical Engineering of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW: test embankment in Antoniny, and the Koszyce and Nielisz water dams, Stegna test site, WULS-SGGW Campus. Additionally, the relationship between the soil behavior type classification index (Ic) from the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and the material index (I D) from
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18

Annisa, Annisa, Yulian Firmana Arifin, and Muhammad Afief Ma’ruf. "BEARING CAPACITY AND SOIL SETTLEMENT ANALYSIS BASED ON CONE PENETRATION TEST (CPT)." CERUCUK 8, no. 4 (2024): 161. https://doi.org/10.20527/crc.v8i4.13404.

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Soft clay soil has a low bearing capacity so it can cause large settlements. This study calculated soil settlement from the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) data because it is the most widely available data for the City of Banjarmasin. 98 CPT points are used to analyze the bearing capacity and soil settlement. Both are calculated for two-story shophouse and three-story shophouse models with the dimensions commonly used in Banjarmasin City. Foundation design calculations based on CPT soil data points using the largest load distribution in building structure modeling. The bearing capacity obtained ra
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19

Robertson, P. K. "Interpretation of cone penetration tests — a unified approach." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 46, no. 11 (2009): 1337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-065.

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The electric cone penetration test (CPT) has been in use for over 40 years and is growing in popularity in North America. This paper provides some recent updates on the interpretation of some key geotechnical parameters in an effort to develop a more unified approach. Extensive use is made of the normalized soil behaviour type (SBTn) chart based on normalized cone resistance (Qt) and normalized friction ratio (Fr). Updates are provided regarding the normalization process and its application to the identification of soil type. The seismic CPT has provided extensive data linking CPT net cone res
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20

Mahmoud, Mahmoud, David Woeller, and Peter K. Robertson. "Detection of shear zones in a natural clay slope using the cone penetration test and continuous dynamic sampling." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 37, no. 3 (2000): 652–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t99-129.

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The detection of shear zones along which a mass of soil is moving is essential for understanding the state of stability of natural slopes. Weaker zones in clay soils can be identified from low values of cone penetration test (CPT) tip resistance measured during penetration. This paper presents a case history illustrating the identification of softened shear zones in clay soils using the CPT and the observation of shear surfaces using continuous dynamic sampling (CDS). The analysis and interpretation of the CPT data are discussed in relation to the detection of shear surfaces using the CDS at a
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21

Sari, Undayani Cita, Nur Fithriani Fatma Cholida, Moh Nur Sholeh, and M. Mirza Pratama. "SHALLOW FOUNDATION BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS BASED ON CONE PENETRATION TEST." Jurnal Teknik Sipil 18, no. 1 (2022): 01–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jts.v18i1.3760.

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In the simple buildings, shallow foundations can be used to support the construction above them. This shallow foundation has various types, including the type of footplate which can be calculated using the Terzaghi equation. In the Terzaghi equation, it requires dimension parameters of the footing and soil material parameters such as cohesion and soil volume weight which requires laboratory testing to obtain it. Meanwhile, Schmertmann provides an equation to obtain the Terzaghi bearing capacity factor in the form of Nq and Nγ by using the Cone Penetration Test (CPT). This bearing capacity fact
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22

McCallum, Adrian. "A brief introduction to cone penetration testing (CPT) in frozen geomaterials." Annals of Glaciology 55, no. 68 (2014): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2014aog68a005.

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AbstractThe cone penetration test has been successfully used to classify soil for ∼100 years. However, it has received only limited contemporary use in frozen geomaterials. The historical and contemporary use of the cone penetration test in various frozen geomaterials is considered here and contemporary data from recent work in polar snow are examined. It is probable that many material physical properties (e.g. density, strength and microstructure) can be obtained directly from cone penetration testing. It appears under-utilized as a contemporary scientific and engineering investigative tool i
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Ghose, Ranajit, and Jeroen Goudswaard. "Integrating S‐wave seismic‐reflection data and cone penetration test data using a multiangle multiscale approach." GEOPHYSICS 69, no. 2 (2004): 440–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1707064.

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A cone penetration test (CPT) is the most common geotechnical testing method used to estimate in situ the strength properties of soil. Although CPT provides valuable information, this information is restricted to the location of the measurement. We propose a new concept to integrate shallow S‐wave reflection seismic data with CPT data in order to obtain laterally continuous subsoil information. In this vein, a valid quantitative means to relate seismic reflections to CPT data is a primary requirement. The approach proposed here is based on the characterization of the scaling behavior of the lo
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Vardon, Philip J., Dimitris Baltoukas, and Joek Peuchen. "Interpreting and validating the thermal cone penetration test (T-CPT)." Géotechnique 69, no. 7 (2019): 580–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgeot.17.p.214.

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Lakusic, Stjepan. "Application of cone penetration test (CPT) results for soil classification." Journal of the Croatian Association of Civil Engineers 69, no. 01 (2017): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14256/jce.1574.2016.

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26

Prayitno, Deo Pratama, and Hanindya Kusuma Artati. "Analysis of Liquefaction Potential Based on The Grain Size Distribution of Soils and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Data." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 27, no. 2 (2021): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v27i2.40276.

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Liquefaction is a failure phenomenon in the soil layer which generally occurs due to cyclic loads from earthquakes. This study was conducted to determine the potential for liquefaction based on soil grain size distribution and CPT data in the UII Hospital area in Wijirejo Village, Bantul, DIY. Based on its geographical location, the Bantul district has a high earthquake potential because it is near an opak fault and is located in a subduction zone between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian plate. Along with this, there is urgency for this research. Analysis based on the grain size dist
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Tini, Tini, Adrin Tohari, and Mimin Iryanti. "Analisis Potensi Likuifaksi Akibat Gempa Bumi Menggunakan Metode SPT (Standar Penetration Test) Dan Cpt (Cone Penetration Test) Di Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta." Wahana Fisika 2, no. 1 (2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/wafi.v2i1.7022.

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Gempa bumi yang terjadi di daerah Bantul, Yogyakarta pada 27 Mei 2006 dengan magnitudo gempa bumi sebesar 6.3 SR dapat menyebabkan terjadinya bahaya likuifaksi yang dapat merusak bangunan khususnya di wilayah Bantul Yogyakarta. Investigasi geoteknik yang telah dilakukan di Bantul, Yogyakarta dapat memberikan gambaran lapisan tanah yang berpotensi terjadinya likuifaksi. Analisis potensi likuifaksi dilakukan berdasarkan data SPT (Standard Penetration Test) dan CPT (Cone Penetration Test) dengan percepatan maksimum tanah menurut Gutenberg Richter di daerah penelitian rata-rata bernilai sebesar 2.
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Robertson, P. K. "In situ testing and its application to foundation engineering." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 4 (1986): 573–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-086.

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The status of in situ testing and its application to foundation engineering are presented and discussed. The in situ test methods are discussed within the framework of three groups: logging, specific, and combined test methods. The major logging test methods discussed are standard penetration test (SPT), cone penetration test (CPT), and the flat plate dilatometer test (DMT). The major specific test methods discussed are the prebored pressuremeter test (PMT), the self-bored pressuremeter test (SBPMT), and the screw plate load test (SPLT). Discussion is also presented on recent tests that combin
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Straż, Grzegorz. "Identification of local organic soils based on cone penetration test results." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 2 (2014): 049–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1877.

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This paper presents the results of attempts to identify organic soils on the basis of test results performed under in situ conditions by cone penetration testing (CPT). The results of 439 selected tests were analysed which reflected the behaviour of local organic soils of organic matter ranging from 6,3 to 17,4%. Crucial to soil investigation were values measured of cone resistance (qc) and sleeve friction (fs) and the friction ratio (Rf) estimated according to those values. To identify organic soils, selected criteria were used, proposed among others by: Mayne, Marr, Bergmann, Schmertmann, Ca
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Sun, Qing Lei, Yu Jing Hou, Xue Dong Zhang, and Ren Peng. "Study on the Correlation between Cone Resistance and Soil Density Using Centrifuge Robot CPT." Advanced Materials Research 831 (December 2013): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.831.336.

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Density is one of the most important soil parameters. However, it is difficult to measure the density of soil model during centrifuge in flight. The cone penetration test (CPT) with robot provides a useful tool to determine the soil density of different models, as the cone resistance is closely related to soil density. This paper presents the correlation between cone resistance and relative density of sand, by doing centrifuge tests with robot CPT. Based on the test results, a formula that describes the correlation between cone resistance and sand relative density of Fujian standard sand is pr
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Mir, M., and A. Bouafia. "Fast Lagrangian analysis of the short-term bearing capacity of shallow foundations in clays on the basis of the cone penetration test." Journal of Geomechanics and Geoengineering 2 (February 1, 2024): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/jgg.v2.761.

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Based on a numerical modelling of the cone penetration test CPT as well as the vertical response of shallow foundation in saturated clays, derivation of the cone factor Nk led to propose a CPT-based method of computation of the bearing capacity. This study was carried out by launching a detailed parametric study using the software FLAC-2D (Fast Lagrangian Analyses of Continua) based on the finite difference method. The soil material was modeled as a homogeneous elastic-perfectly plastic medium obeying the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, and the effects of the soil rigidity index Ir, the cone-soil inte
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Fajarwati, Yuli, Febriana Arum Dewi, and Dian Eksana Wibowo. "Evaluasi Risiko Likuifaksi pada Infrastruktur Vital di Kabupaten Bantul Berdasarkan Data Cone Penetration Test (CPT)." MEDIA KONSTRUKSI 9, no. 3 (2024): 199–210. https://doi.org/10.33772/medkons.v9i3.61.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi likuefaksi di Kabupaten Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Analisis dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai Factor of Safety (FS) dan Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) berdasarkan metode Robertson dan Write (1998) yang diperbarui oleh Robertson (2009). Data diperoleh melalui pengujian Cone Penetration Test (CPT) di lima lokasi strategis yang dipilih berdasarkan keberadaan infrastruktur vital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi tingkat risiko likuefaksi pada lokasi pengujian. Zona risiko Sangat Tinggi ditemukan di CPT-01 (LPI: 40), CPT-03
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Lagosha, Daniil, Nikolay Volkov, and Ivan Sokolov. "CONE PENETRATION TESTING AND SAMPLING OF FROZEN SOILS." Gruntovedenie 1, no. 16 (2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.53278/2306-9139-2021-1-16-53-64.

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The article provides the analysis of the results of the permafrost soils field and laboratory tests. The undisturbed permafrost samples were collected using cone penetration testing (CPT) equipment and MOSTAP sampler. The sampling technology using CPT equipment was applied on permafrost soils for the first time. The full scope of tests for physical properties were carried out on the collected samples. Based on the test results, several engineering-geological elements (EGE) were identified and confirmed, one of which is composed of frozen silty clay. The results of statistical data processing w
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34

Soewignjo, Agus Nugroho, Fernando Hendra, and Suryanita Reni. "Estimation of standard penetration test value on cohesive soil using artificial neural network without data normalization." International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 11, no. 1 (2022): 210–20. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v11.i1.pp210-220.

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Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are often used recently by researchers to solve complex and nonlinear problems. Standard penetration test (SPT) and cone penetration test (CPT) are field tests that are often used to obtain soil parameters. There have been many previous studies that examined the value obtained through the SPT test with the CPT test, but the research carried out still uses equations that are linear. This research will conduct an estimated value of SPT on cohesive soil using CPT data in the form of end resistance and blanket resistance, and laboratory test data such as effective
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35

Budi, Gogot Setyo, Alvin Gilbert Tandiputra, and Haven Kusuma Markho. "The Correlation between Penetration Pressure Required to Install Pile Foundation and to Insert Bi-cones in Cone Penetration Test." Civil Engineering Dimension 21, no. 1 (2019): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.21.1.13-18.

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One of the common methods used to install pile foundation is hydraulic jacked-in machine. In this method, a pile is pushed down into the ground up to the predetermined depth. The method has similar principle to that of Cone Penetration Test (CPT). This paper presents the correlation between the mobilize pressure required to install pile foundations and that required to push the bi-cones that attached at the tip of CPT rod. The results show that the penetration pressure required to install the pile into very soft clay layer is independent of pile diameter. The penetration pressure required to i
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Robertson, P. K. "Cone penetration test (CPT)-based soil behaviour type (SBT) classification system — an update." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 12 (2016): 1910–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0044.

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A soil classification system is used to group soils according to shared qualities or characteristics based on simple cost-effective tests. The most common soil classification systems used in geotechnical engineering are based on physical (textural) characteristics such as grain size and plasticity. Ideally, geotechnical engineers would also like to classify soils based on behaviour characteristics that have a strong link to fundamental in situ behaviour. However, existing textural-based classification systems have a weak link to in situ behaviour, since they are measured on disturbed and remol
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37

Schepers, W., and D. Kulke. "Cone penetration tests and dynamic soil properties." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2647, no. 25 (2024): 252005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2647/25/252005.

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Abstract Current standards like ISO 14837-32:2015 and DIN EN 1998-1/NA:2021 as well as prEN 1997-2:2022 allow for using correlations between the results of in-situ soil penetration tests and shear wave velocity (or shear modulus) to determine soil properties to be used in dynamic analyses. While the ISO and prEN standards even provide some recommendations on specific correlations to be used, the DIN standard does not. Due to the statistical nature of such correlations their general applicability has to be verified. We collected data sets from test sites from Germany as well as New Zealand at w
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Roike Ibo, Stenly, Irianto, and Didik S. S. Mabui. "ANALISIS KUAT TEKAN BETON NORMAL MENGGUNAKAN AGREGAT LOKAL KABUPATEN SARMI DENGAN VARIASI AIR PERENDAMAN." Jurnal Teknik AMATA 6, no. 1 (2025): 43–49. https://doi.org/10.55334/jtam.v6i1.331.

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Penyelidikan tanah yang biasa digunakan di Indonesia dalam mendesain pondasi adalah pengujian CPT (Cone Penetration Test) dan pengujian SPT (Standard Penetration Test). Penyelidikan sondir (Cone Penetration Test/ CPT) bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlawanan penetrasi konus dan hambatan lekat tanah yang merupakan indikasi dari kekuatan daya dukung lapisan tanah dengan menggunakan rumus empiris. Sedangkan Standart Penetration Test (SPT) bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai N-value sebagai nilai kerapatan relatif dari suatu lapisan tanah yang diuji dan mendapatkan gambaran lapisan tanah berdasarkan je
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39

Khosravi, A., A. Martinez, and J. T. DeJong. "Discrete element model (DEM) simulations of cone penetration test (CPT) measurements and soil classification." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 9 (2020): 1369–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2019-0512.

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This paper presents a study on the simulation of cone penetration tests (CPTs) using the discrete element model (DEM) method. This study’s main objective is to investigate the effect of different modeling parameters and simulation configurations on the ability of three-dimensional DEM simulations to replicate realistic CPT tip resistance (qc) and friction sleeve shear stress (fs) measurements. The CPT tests were simulated in virtual calibration chambers (VCCs) containing particles calibrated to model the behavior of sand. The parameters investigated included the granular assembly properties, i
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40

Amaliah, R., T. Harianto, and A. B. Muhiddin. "Evaluation of potential liquefaction based on Cone Penetration Test (CPT) data." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 921, no. 1 (2021): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/921/1/012061.

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Abstract An earthquake can inflict a liquefaction hazards which can damage buildings and infrastructure. Furthermore, earthquakes are difficult to predict when and where earthquakes will occur and happen suddenly without being preceded by signs. Therefore, we must do a geological investigation before building a construction to evaluate the potential liquefaction in that area. Evaluation of the potential liquefaction using Cone Penetration Test (CPT) is one method can be used because repeatable, provided a continuous profile, and economic. This method needs peak ground acceleration (amax) value
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Zhang, Jinzhang, Zhiyang Mao, Hongwei Huang, and Dongming Zhang. "Soil classification based on unsupervised learning using cone penetration test data." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1337, no. 1 (2024): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1337/1/012032.

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Abstract Borehole data obtained during geological surveys are the most essential source for understanding soil stratification. It is a prerequisite to know the soil classes up to some depths prior to any construction. However, the direct method to identify the soil classes by drilling boreholes and testing soil samples is costly. A cost-effective alternative is the Cone Penetration Testing (CPT), which is one of the most popular soil investigation methods. This paper explores the intelligent classification of soil layers based on CPT data using three unsupervised machine learning methods: K-me
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Phoon, Kok-Kwang, Ser-Tong Quek, and Ping An. "Geostatistical analysis of cone penetration test (CPT) sounding using the modified Bartlett test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 41, no. 2 (2004): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t03-091.

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More in situ tests are typically carried out over the same volume of soil in comparison to laboratory tests on undisturbed borehole samples. Hence, geostatistical analysis of in situ test records should in principle provide a more accurate and representative overview of spatial variation. A natural probabilistic model for correlated spatial data is the random field. Although the random field provides a concise description of spatial variation, it poses considerable practical difficulties for statistical inference because of the underlying autocorrelation structure. This note presents an extend
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Martinelli, M., and F. Pisanò. "Relating cone penetration resistance to sand state using the material point method." Géotechnique Letters 12, no. 2 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgele.21.00145.

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Cone penetration tests (CPTs) can quantitatively inform about the mechanical state of a sand. However, relating measured cone resistance values to sand state requires complex back-analysis of the processes occurring in the soil during the test. This paper provides new evidence of the value added in this area by modern large-deformation modelling based on the material point method (MPM). It is shown that accurate simulation of the relationship between cone resistance and sand state can be achieved, on condition that the constitutive behaviour of the soil – and especially its critical state feat
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Hu, Zhihong, Michael McVay, David Bloomquist, David Horhota, and Peter Lai. "New ultimate pile capacity prediction method based on cone penetration test (CPT)." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 49, no. 8 (2012): 961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t2012-051.

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Our research evaluated current cone penetration test (CPT) pile design methodologies (Schmertmann, Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC), etc.), modified one of these methods (Philipponnat method), and proposed a new one to improve future driven pile designs. This was accomplished by evaluating 14 pile-capacity-design methods based on CPT data. Furthermore, load and resistance factor design (LRFD) resistance factors for each method were calculated using 21 cases from Florida and 28 from Louisiana. The resulting resistance factors were not satisfactory for any of these methods. A ne
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Buteau, Sylvie, Richard Fortier, and Michel Allard. "Rate-controlled cone penetration tests in permafrost." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, no. 1 (2005): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t04-093.

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Cone penetration tests (CPTs) were carried out in the summers of 1999 and 2000 in a permafrost mound near Umiujaq, in northern Quebec, Canada, to study the cryostratigraphy and assess the creep behaviour of permafrost. A new linear pushing system using an actuator technology was specifically designed and developed to accurately control the penetration rate of the cone in the permafrost. This system has a load capacity of about 113 kN at a maximum penetration rate of 1.5875 cm/s and a stroke of 120 cm and can provide constant penetration rates as low as 4 × 10–6 cm/s. It can be disassembled in
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Ayob, Azranasmarazizi, Nor Azizi Yusoff, I. Bakar, Nur Abidah Azhar, and Ameer Nazrin Abd Aziz. "Shearing Rate Effects on Research Centre for Soft Soils (Recess) Clay Using Cone Penetration Test (CPT)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 1555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.1555.

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A wide range of industrial applications, on land and offshore, require the solution of time domain problems and an associated understanding of rate effects in clay soils. In recent decades many researchers have examined the correlation between shear strength of soils and variation of shear strain rate and it is generally accepted that the strength increases by 1-5% for each order of magnitude increase in shear strain rate. This paper discusses the effects of penetration rate on the penetration resistance (qc) by using cone penetration test (CPT) test setup. The research had been conducted at R
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An, Yan Yong, and Bao Tian Wang. "Multifunctional Piezocone Penetration Testing in Geotechnical Practice." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.250.

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Cone penetration test is a fast and efficient in-situ test technique. With the development of sensor technology and the use of new probes, such test is employed in more fields and reveals more soil parameters. Based on advanced CPTU equipment, soil types were classified. As CPTU has the function of porewater pressure test, the value of porewater pressure varies a lot when the soil changes, which is shown clearly in the CPTU feature map. So it can be easier to judge soil boundaries and its result is in good agreement with the borehole. Multi-function CPTU system is equip with SCPTU module, whic
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E. Faseki, Oluyemi, Anthony, O. Ademeso, Kehinde, I. Adebayo, Oladapo Olasunkanmi, and Thomas, B. Omoyajowo. "FOUNDATION CHARACTERIZATION IN IKATE AREA SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA USING ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY TOMOGRAPHY AND CONE PENETRATION TEST." Engineering Heritage Journal 6, no. 2 (2022): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/gwk.02.2022.51.57.

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The establishments of the nexus between the underlying geology and engineering properties are fundamentals to the safe, economic and serviceable designs of civil engineering structures. Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) are critical tools in foundation parameterization especially within Quaternary sediments serving as foundation of engineering structures. Both techniques were used to obtained point data and lateral continuity of geologic units within Ikate Area of Lagos Metropolis for foundation parameterization. Measurements which comprising 4 profiles of
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Candra, Agata Iwan. "ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG PONDASI STROUS PILE PADA PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG MINI HOSPITAL UNIVERSITAS KADIRI." UKaRsT 1, no. 1 (2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ukarst.v1i1.83.

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The foundation is an important building structure in the field of construction because it functions as the support of a building. The foundation must be planned appropriately to maintain the stability of the building. Strauss foundation is one type of foundation that is used to carry the burden if hard soil that has a strong carrying capacity is very deep from the ground surface. This study aims to calculate the carrying capacity of the Strauss foundation using the Meyerhof method. To estimate the carrying capacity of the soil, field testing is carried out using a CPT (Cone Penetration Test).
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Hryciw, Roman D. "Flat Dilatometer (DMT), Cone Penetrometer (CPT) and Seismic Cone (SCPT) Evaluation of Select New Madrid Liquefaction Sites." Seismological Research Letters 63, no. 3 (1992): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.63.3.357.

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Abstract Cone Penetration (CPT), Flat Dilatometer (DMT) and Seismic Shear Wave Velocity tests were conducted in four regions of the New Madrid seismic zone. Test results are compared to existing liquefaction criteria and to surface evidence of liquefaction (sandblows) during the 1811–1812 events. In general, all three tests confirm the presence of liquefaction-prone strata at locations with evidence of liquefaction. A “sand blow index” (SBI), which accounts for both local and regional sand blow intensity, correlates reasonably well against the minimum values of DMT horizontal stress index, the
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