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Journal articles on the topic 'Confederation’s policy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Fletcher, Alan J. "Select document: Ormond’s civic entry into Kilkenny, 29/31 August 1646." Irish Historical Studies 35, no. 139 (2007): 365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400006696.

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The purpose of this article is to make generally available for the first time a document whose content and context introduce their peculiar leaven to our understanding of a pivotal moment of early modern Irish history, the eve of the collapse of the authority of the ruling peace faction within the Kilkenny-based Confederation of Irish Catholics. The occasion of the document was the official visit to Kilkenny of James Butler, marquis of Ormond, some time near the end of August 1646. This took place at a time when rivalries within the Confederation were running high and the struggle to determine

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2

Trappmann, Vera, Dennis Eversberg, and Felix Schulz. "Conjunctures of eco-social partnership unionism: The German Trade Union Confederation’s climate policies over three decades." Industrielle Beziehungen 31, no. 1 (2024): 35–62. https://doi.org/10.5771/0943-2779-2024-1-35.

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The article analyses the climate policy of the German Trade Union Federation over the last 30 years. It defines a new form of eco social partnership unionism where unions use existing institutions to adapt to the challenges of climate change without embarking on more transformative avenues questioning the status quo. We show that unions climate policy has been subject to little change over the past three decades: German trade unions have fairly consistently been promoting a vision of what we call state-driven ecological modernisation, an affirmation of the given socio-economic order of German

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van Klaveren, Maarten. "The FNV ‘Industribution’ Project." Concepts and Transformation 7, no. 2 (2002): 203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cat.7.2.05kla.

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Projects initiated or supported by the regional branch of the Dutch FNV trade union confederation have introduced the concept of using “regional policy space”. Moreover, in the early 1990s these projects seemed able to halt the erosion of the confederation’s power. This article describes and analyses the “FNV industribution project”, focusing on the physical part of Value Added Logistics (VAL), aiming to cover this “white spot” with a social infrastructure. After five years of preparation, the project was launched in 1996. As four FNV unions were involved, FNV regional officers logically took

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4

Łotocki, Łukasz, and Krzysztof Mikiński. "Sfery zgody i konfliktu w polskim dyskursie politycznym wokół strategii walki z pandemią COVID-19." Studia Politologiczne, no. 2/2022(65) (September 18, 2022): 212–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2022.65.10.

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The paper analyses the spheres of agreement and conflict in the political discourse around the strategy of combating the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland between February 2020 and May 2022. The paper identifies the dominant topoi present in the political discourse on the discussed topic. Particular attention was paid to the discourse around such issues as the definition of the initial situation, the introduction of restrictions and limitations, state policy on vaccination against COVID-19. The analysis shows that the main dividing lines in the political discourse related to COVID-19 have become les

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Chetverikov, Artem Olegovich. "Confederation of Sahel States — a new integration alliance of the countries of «global South» (legal aspects)." Международное право, no. 2 (February 2024): 16–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2644-5514.2024.2.71373.

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The article explores the legal nature and features of the Confederation of Sahel States, the youngest integration alliance in Africa and around the world, established on July 6, 2024 between Burkina Faso, the Republic of Mali and the Republic of Niger. The introductory section outlines the past, present and problems of legal regulation of integration processes in Africa, as well as its modern projects preceding the Confederation. After considering the reasons for the establishment of Confederation and procedural aspects (section «Historical and geographical origins»), the author scrutinizes it

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Shukla, Shipra, and Mahesh Kumar. "An Approach to Discover the Stable Routes in BGP Confederations." International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 8, no. 2 (2017): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.2017040108.

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This article describes how the current internet is a network of interconnected autonomous systems which is susceptible to route instability when transferring data. The BGP confederation is the essential intra-domain routing protocol that may cause instability on the Internet. So far, route instability has been widely studied for internal BGP. However, the existing routing policies such as APMS and H-SSPP are not adequate for the route stability of BGP confederations. In fact, these routing policies may degrade the network performance parameters in terms of the packet delivery ratio, convergenc

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Baker, Anthony. "Britain’s Decision to Push for Canadian Confederation." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 6, no. 1 (2024): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2024.6.1.2.

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Prior to Canadian confederation the British Empire pursued a policy of scripter control over the British North American colonies by the imperial metropole. However, in the decades leading up to Canadian confederation the British Empire pursued a policy of consolidation of British North America and laxer control allowing for autonomy by Canadians. By providing the historical analysis of the decades leading up to Canadian confederation we can understand why this policy shifts of the British Empire into allowing confederation. A number of radical things will occur in the decades from the American

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Walker, David, and Zilla Roose. "Programmvereinbarungen Wald – strategische und operative Ebene im Zusammenspiel (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 167, no. 5 (2016): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2016.0258.

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Forest Program Agreements – interplay between the strategic and the operational level (essay) With the reform of the fiscal equalization and division of tasks between the Confederation and the cantons program agreements were introduced as a new subsidy instrument in Swiss forest policy. The forest policy tasks continue to be jointly performed by the Confederation and the cantons, as was the case prior to the latter reform. The Confederation and the cantons are confronted with the challenge of balancing strategic steering by the Confederation and implementation by the cantons. This essay shows

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9

Johansson, Jesper. "Swedish Employers and Trade Unions, Labor Migration and the Welfare State—Perspectives on Swedish Labor Migration Policy Debates during the 1960s and the 2000s." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 4, no. 1 (2014): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v4i1.3554.

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This article uses a political economy approach and explores the nexus between labor migration and the welfare state and how its specificities have been viewed and presented by organized interests of employers and trade unions in Swedish labor migration policy debates during the 1960s and the 2000s. The analysis demonstrates that the Swedish Employers’ Confederation (SAF) and its organizational successor the Swedish Confederation of Enterprise (SN) have preferred a market-liberal labor migration policy. Over time, a liberal immigration policy has been viewed by employers as an important policy

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10

Crémer, Jacques, and Thomas R. Palfrey. "Political Confederation." American Political Science Review 93, no. 1 (1999): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2585761.

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This article extends the spatial model of voting to study the implications of different institutional structures of federalism along two dimensions: degree of centralization and mode of representation. The representation dimension varies the weight between unit representation (one state, one vote) and population-proportional representation (one person, one vote). Voters have incomplete information and can reduce policy risk by increasing the degree of centralization or increasing the weight on unit representation. We derive induced preferences over the degree of centralization and the relative

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11

Cope, R. L. "Strategic and Socio-Economic Explanations for Carnarvon's South African Confederation Policy: the Historiography and the Evidence." History in Africa 13 (1986): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171535.

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Although Carnarvon's attempt to unite South Africa in the 1870s was a failure, the forward movement represented by his “confederation policy” marks an important turning point in South African history. The destruction of the Zulu and the Pedi polities, which resulted directly from the confederation scheme, together with the last Cape frontier war and a rash of smaller conflicts, constituted the virtual end of organized black resistance in the nineteenth century and the beginning of untrammelled white supremacy. Britain's annexation of the Transvaal in 1877, which Carnarvon had hoped would be th

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Schweizer, Rainer J. "Harmonisierung der Polizeigesetzgebung in der Schweiz." Die Verwaltung 53, no. 1 (2020): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/verw.53.1.63.

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Swiss governmental power is divided vertically into three main levels, the Confederation, followed by cantons and communes. Each level has its own - to some extent autonomous - executive, judicative and legislative authorities, which are however obliged to follow higher-ranking cantonal and federal law. In the small Confederation a multipartite police law has developed. In addition to their police laws, the twenty-six cantons have concluded regional and nationwide inter-cantonal agreements for their crossborder cooperation, but also, for example, for the prevention of danger of hooligans. Only

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Depczyńska, Paulina. "Ewoluowanie pojęcia neutralności w polityce Konfederacji Szwajcarskiej i Republiki Austrii." Studia Politologiczne, no. 1/2025(75) (March 7, 2025): 296–315. https://doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2025.75.15.

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The article discusses the phenomenon of neutrality in the foreign policy of Austria and Switzerland, whose scope of meaning is expanding in the context of changing conditions in the international security environment. The definitional and theoretical construction of neutrality, its conditions, functions and application in politics were analyzed. The article ends with conclusions confirming the role neutrality plays for Austria and Switzerland resulting from the deep history of the state and the identity of the nation in the face of contemporary challenges of the evolving international reality.

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Walker, David, and Thomas Abt. "Föderaler Vollzug der Schweizer Waldpolitik – ein Erfolgsmodell?" Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 171, no. 1 (2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2020.0019.

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Federal implementation of Swiss forest policy – a success story? Forest policy is considered a joint responsibility between the Confederation and the cantons. The Federal Constitution lays the foundations for the cooperation between the two levels (sovereignty of the cantons, subsidiarity, cooperation based on partnership). Vertical and horizontal institutions have emerged for the necessary processes of exchange in the federal system. In the context of the implementation of the new system of financial equalisation and allocation of tasks between the Confederation and the cantons (NFA), the joi

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Cope, R. L. "Local Imperatives and Imperial Policy: The Sources of Lord Carnarvon's South African Confederation Policy." International Journal of African Historical Studies 20, no. 4 (1987): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219654.

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16

Tatalovich, Raymond. "Revisiting Post-Confederation Fiscal Policy: Liberal Dissent from Conservative Deficits." Journal of Canadian Studies 47, no. 2 (2013): 180–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.47.2.180.

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17

Biryukova, Valeria P. "Special Aspects of Carrying out Drug Control in Switzerland." Drug control 1 (March 14, 2024): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/2072-4160-2024-1-30-33.

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Purpose: to analyze the legislative regulation and public policy of the Swiss Confederation regarding control over the circulation and use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as practical aspects of the implementation of this control. Research methods: the methodological basis of the study is to use a systematic method, an analysis method, as well as formal legal and technical legal methods. Conclusions: as a result of the research work, a conclusion was drawn: the ‘four pillars’ policy allows the Swiss Confederation to exercise effective control over the circulation and use

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18

Smith, Andrew. "The Reaction of the City of London to the Quebec Resolutions, 1864-1866." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 17, no. 1 (2007): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016100ar.

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Abstract This paper examines how British investors reacted when the Quebec Resolutions were published in the fall of 1864. Although the responses of bond markets are briefly considered, the paper is mainly based on non-quantitative sources such as newspaper editorials and correspondence. Examining why British investors generally approved of the constitutional plan contained in the Quebec Resolutions is useful because it illuminates such important themes as the place of imported capital in Canadian state formation, the role of Britain in Confederation, and the viability of interest-group explan

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19

Boyd, Steven R. "The Critique of the Articles of Confederation Reconsidered." Journal of Early American History 8, no. 3 (2018): 183–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18770703-00803001.

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Generations of scholars have declared the Articles of Confederation to be inadequate to the needs of the nation of necessity replaced by the Constitution of 1787. This interpretation rests on three methodological flaws. First, it is anachronistic by which I mean that scholars use as a standard of judgement answers to questions of constitutional policy embedded in the Constitution. They then judge the alternative answers of the Articles to be wrong. Secondly, they compare the Articles in practice to the words of the Constitution incorrectly assuming the “promises” of the latter became effective

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Zuziak, Janusz. "Military aspects in Polish-Czechoslovak confederation plans during World War II." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 198, no. 4 (2020): 918–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5876.

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The defeat of Poland in September 1939 prompted General Władysław Sikorski, appointed Commander-in-Chief and Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland, to take steps to implement his earlier concept of a close relationship between Poland and Czechoslovakia. The aim of the project undertaken in Sikorski’s talks with Edward Beneš was to create a strong entity capable of countering the German and Soviet threats in the future. The implementation of such a plan, assuming the future expansion of the union to include other countries in the region, would provide a real opportunity to change the then ge

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21

Fouquet-Chauprade, Barbara, and Julia Napoli. "Implementation of educational policies for migrants: A case study in the Swiss canton of Geneva." education policy analysis archives 29 (May 24, 2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.29.5726.

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The Swiss context presents a specific pattern being a confederal country relying on a subsidiarity principle. Thus, the cantons operate in a framework of a reduced power of central authority (Boulenger et al., 2012; Revaz, 2020) and are autonomous regarding education policies at local level (Akkari, 2019). However, since the adoption of a new law in 2005, the Federal Council, cantons, municipalities and cities officially collaborate on migration policy (Chifelle, 2018; Facchinetti, 2012). In this particular context, the confederation developed migration policies giving guidance to cantonal gov

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22

Schenfeld, María Julieta. "Servicing the Confederation: editorials of El Nacional Argentino newspaper from Paraná, during 1854." Divulgatio. Perfiles académicos de posgrado 5, no. 13 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.48160/25913530di13.145.

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This article analyzes the editorial position of El Nacional Argentino newspaper from Paraná, Entre Ríos in relation to the economic policy of the confederated provinces in the complex juncture of an Argentina divided into two States: Argentine Confederation and State of Buenos Aires. The aforementioned journalist entity, during 1854, undertook the task of making the benefits of Plan Fragueiro, the realities of the provinces and the mining, craft and commercial wealth of the Confederation known, with the aim of attracting people and capitals that ensure the grown of the financial resources whic

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Metea, Ileana Gentilia. "An Image of the Evolution of Switzerland’s Neutrality Policy." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 27, no. 1 (2021): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2021-0012.

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Abstract The specific elements of neutrality, namely, the national interests, the right to neutrality, the international situation, as well as aspects related to tradition and history, are determinants of Switzerland’s neutrality policy. Switzerland’s role on the international stage is the role of a “silent witness” who transmits his “testimony” through nonverbal language. The effort of the Swiss confederation to preserve its neutrality is the effort of a champion who puts his title to the test again and again to permanently reconfirm the legitimacy of his position.

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Ungalov Azizbek. "The last days of sugd confederation: the reasons and factors of downturn." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 11 (2020): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i11.814.

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Relations of the Turkish Khanate with local authorities, the activities of Gurak and Devashtich, the decline of the Sughd Confederation, the military campaigns of Qutayba ibn Muslim, disputes with China, the tax policy of the Arab Caliphate in Movarounnahr, the Muqanna uprising, Said al- Harashi activity

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25

Giauque, Jeffrey G. "The United States and the Political Union of Western Europe, 1958–1963." Contemporary European History 9, no. 1 (2000): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777300001041.

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Between 1958 and 1963 Charles de Gaulle attempted to replace supranational integration in Europe with a French-dominated confederation able to become a ‘Third Force’ in the Cold War. The United States took a tolerant approach toward de Gaulle's proposals, in the hope of modifying them to suit American goals. It hoped to contain the anti-supranational and anti-American aspects of the plan and channel it to increase the cohesion of Western Europe so that the continent would become a stronger American partner. When European supporters of the Amercian view of the confederation refused to follow de

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26

Baack, Ben. "America's first monetary policy: inflation and seigniorage during the Revolutionary War." Financial History Review 15, no. 2 (2008): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565008000127.

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AbstractThis examination of America's original monetary policy as implemented by the Continental Congress during the Revolutionary War finds that the extreme inflation experienced during the war resulted from a policy designed to circumvent a free-rider problem institutionalised by the Articles of Confederation, and that war news played a critical role in the behaviour of the money base over time. Furthermore, despite the extreme inflation, the inflation tax that accrued to Congress remained on the left side of the Laffer curve.

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Seeleib-Kaiser, Martin. "Migration, social policy, and power in historical perspective." Global Social Policy 19, no. 3 (2019): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468018119832403.

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Migration and social policy have become fiercely contested issues in Europe and North America. In this article, I highlight how mobility and migration, on one hand, and social policy, on the other hand, have historically been closely interwoven and shaped by power relations. It is argued that European states actively assisted their poor to leave ‘home’ and settle in far-away places. I will elaborate some of the tensions between freedom of movement and the role of social policy in the North German Confederation ( Norddeutscher Bund [NDB]) and the British Empire. Finally, it is argued that many

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Nosov, Boris. "The Russian guarantee of the statehood of the szlachta-controlled Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian policy in Poland at the beginning of the uprising of the Bar Confederation (1768)." Slavic Almanac 2022, no. 3-4 (2022): 12–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2022.3-4.1.01.

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The article deals with the policy of Russia in Poland in the 18th century, aimed at establishing the dependence of the szlachta republic on St. Petersburg. This policy was also implemented in the initial period of the uprising of the Bar Confederation, which broke out after the ratification by the Sejm in February 1768 of the Russian-Polish treatise on the guarantee of the statehood of the gentry republic and the equalization of the class and political rights of the Catholic and the dissident (Protestant and Orthodox) szlachta. Based on the materials of the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the

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Ben-Meir, Alon. "THE CASE FOR AN ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN-JORDANIAN CONFEDERATION." World Affairs 185, no. 1 (2022): 9–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00438200211066350.

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This extended article argues a case for an Israeli-Palestinian-Jordanian Confederation, proposes the central elements necessary to realize this in practice, and offers policy advice to the key players as well as to policy makers in the United States, Germany, Saudi Arabia, and Egypt. After 73 years of conflict, following the Arab Spring, and the intermittent violence between Israel and the Palestinians, the Palestinians will not give up on their aspiration for statehood. Ultimately, a two-state solution remains the only viable option to end their conflict. The difference, however, between the

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Kużelewska, Elżbieta. "Language Policy in Switzerland." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 45, no. 1 (2016): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slgr-2016-0020.

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Abstract Switzerland is often referred to as a success story for handling its linguistic and cultural diversity. Traditionally four languages have been spoken in relatively homogeneous territories: German, French, Italian and Rhaeto- Romanic (Romansh). The first three have been national languages since the foundation of the Confederation in 1848; the fourth became a national language in 1938. In effect, The Law on Languages, in effect since 2010, has regulated the use and promotion of languages and enhanced the status of Romansh as one of the official languages since 2010. While Swiss language

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31

Abalian, Anna. "SONDERFALL SCHWEIZ: WILLENSNATION (NATION BY WILL) OR MULTICULTURAL POLITY." Political Expertise: POLITEX 20, no. 1 (2024): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu23.2024.108.

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The article is devoted to the study of the origins of Swiss statehood, regarded through the prism of the political and cultural nation concepts. It traces the main stages of the Old Confederation, features of the formation of unique public institutions, such as direct democracy, communalism, eternal neutrality. Special attention is paid to the linguistic factor in the political life of the country and its conflict potential. The author concludes that the cumulative effect of consociational democracy and cross-cutting cleavages, together with institutionalized quadrilingualism, reduces the prob

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Johansson, Joakim. "Mid-Level Officials as Policy Makers: Anti-Corporatist Policy Change in the Swedish Employers' Confederation, 1982-1985." Scandinavian Political Studies 26, no. 4 (2003): 307–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9477.2003.00091.x.

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Thornicroft, Graham, Jonathan Bindman, David Goldberg, Kevin Gournay, and Peter Huxley. "Researchable questions to support evidence-based mental health policy concerning adult mental illness." Psychiatric Bulletin 26, no. 10 (2002): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.10.364.

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Policy makers find much mental health research irrelevant to their concerns. What types of research would directly assist those who formulate policy? The two purposes of this paper are (i) to identify important gaps in completed research, particularly in relation to the National Service Framework (NSF) for Mental Health (Department of Health, 1999a) and the NHS Plan (NHS Confederation, 2001); and (ii) to translate these gaps into researchable questions that can contribute to a debate about the future research agenda for general adult mental health in England.

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Datsenko, Pavel. "On Some Specifics in the Work of Russian Diplomatic Missions in the States of the German Confederation in the Middle of the 19th Century." ISTORIYA 14, no. 9 (131) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840028004-3.

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The article is devoted to the work of the diplomatic missions of the Russian Empire in the secondary German states that were part of the German Confederation. In historiography, these missions are paid relatively less attention than Russia’s diplomatic relations with Austria and Prussia, as a result — the whole direction of Russian foreign policy towards the German Confederation and its members is beyond the scope of research interest. At the same time, the materials of the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI) make it possible to study the work of these missions and their si

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Delgado de Carvalho, Priscila. "Rural Unions and Brazil’s Turn to the Right:." Debates en Sociología, no. 58 (June 10, 2024): 10–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/debatesensociologia.202401.001.

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We analyzed the impacts of the regime change in post-2016 Brazil on patterns of activism, based on the case of the oldest confederation of rural workers in the country. Since the end of the 1990s, the National Confederation of Male and Female Family Farmers (Contag) has concentrated its efforts on demanding public policies for family farming, with the participation of farmers in policy formulation. Using two analytical tools (the differentiation between public and semi-public actions and the modes of gathering), we discussed three moments: the impeachment of Rousseff in 2016, the pension refor

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Gunter, Helen M., and Steven J. Courtney. "The End of Education Policy?" Soundings 83, no. 83 (2023): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/soun.83.05.2023.

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Education is no longer the responsibility of education policy as public policy. Instead the provision of and access to school places has been relocated away from the desk of publicly elected representatives and appointed accredited professionals, to a range of private sites controlled by oligarchic club interests engaged in market exchanges: first, little monarchies, such as the Harris family; second, little representatives, such as the Confederation of School Trusts (CST); and third, little contractors, such as grammar schools. We use these three examples to examine the restoration of private

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Dimand, Robert W. "Canada 150: Canadian Social Scientists and the Making of Public Policy since Confederation." Canadian Public Policy 43, no. 4 (2017): 376–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cpp.2017-049.

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Silverman, Victor. "Sustainable Alliances: The Origins of International Labor Environmentalism." International Labor and Working-Class History 66 (October 2004): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547904000201.

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This article examines evaluates the strength of the Labor-Environmentalist alliance of the late twentieth century. It traces the evolution of trade unionists' thinking about nature and the human relationship to the environment by examining intellectual and political sources of labor involvement in United Nations' environmental policy making from the 1950s through the 1980s. The article explores the reasons trade union organizations, notably the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions, the International Trade Secretariats (Global Union Federations) and the European Trade Union Confeder

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Morzheedov, Vladislav Gennad'evich. "The models of German political space in France’s foreign policy of the XIX century." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 6 (June 2021): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2021.6.35989.

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The subject of this research is the relations between Napoleonic France and German states in the early XIX century. The object of this research is the various models of the development of German political space during the Napoleonic Wars. Analysis is conducted on the role of France in transformations that influences the Holy Roman Empire, as well as in the process of creating Confederation of the Rhine. Under the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte, France pursues active foreign policy, competing for hegemony in Europe. The article considers positive and negative consequences of transformations that t

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Diec, Joachim A., and Roman V. Savenkov. "Two Trends of Conservative Nationalism in Contemporary Poland: Foreign Policy Aspect." RUDN Journal of Political Science 24, no. 2 (2022): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2022-24-2-279-290.

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Modern Polish political scene is characterized by both the divisions within the ruling rightwing and, what is more important, with the alt-right, which stick to populism in terms of the determination to defend the country’s sovereignty. On the other hand, the “Confederation”, the alternative right wing, with an even greater emphasis on sovereignty, is moving towards less conflicts with the country’s most important foreign partners. This article presents the foreign policy positions of the largest right-wing national populism movements in contemporary Poland. The authors analyzed the program do

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Simoni, Marco. "The Left and Organized Labor in Low-Inflation Times." World Politics 65, no. 2 (2013): 314–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887113000075.

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This article presents fresh empirical data showing that policy alignment between center-left governments and trade unions was a sustained feature of European politics between 1974 and 2005. this contradicts expectations of a wide delinkage between the electoral left and labor as a consequence of globalization, deindustrialization, and unionization decline. However, structural economic change has altered the policy field so that sustained policy alignment can no longer be explained by existing theoretical frameworks.Based on a theoretical argument and a multivariate empirical test, the article

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Fordoński, Arkadiusz Łukasz. "Problematyka agrarna w polskiej kampanii parlamentarnej w 2023 roku." Studia Politologiczne, no. 4/2024(74) (December 30, 2024): 196–216. https://doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2024.74.11.

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The analysis of the political programs and activities of political parties in the election campaign before the 2023 parliamentary elections showed that agrarian issues occupied a leading place in the campaigns of Polish Peasant Party and the Third Way committee co-created by this party, as well as the Confederation. It was also an important, but relatively less important topic from the Law and Justice perspective. In the case of the New Left, Civic Coalition and Nonpartisan Local Government Activists, agriculture was one of the less important but present issues in the campaign. The measures us

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Semadeni, Andrea, and Marco Zanetti. "Holzförderung – ein wichtiges Anliegen des Bundes | Timber Promotion – an Important Federal Concern." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 152, no. 3 (2001): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2001.0087.

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Harvesting more timber and using it more intensively are central to the government's forest policy. Promotional instruments influence forest production, but it is not possible to give direct aid to the timber-processing industry. Instead, the Confederation has invested heavily in research, development and public information campaigns. Various promotional campaigns have been particularly effective. Thus the «Holz 2000»campaign, which will soon be drawing to a close, will continue under the name of «Förderprogram Holz» (Timber Promotion Campaign) 2001–2003.

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Phillips, Jim. "Judicial Independence in British North America, 1825–67: Constitutional Principles, Colonial Finances, and the Perils of Democracy." Law and History Review 34, no. 3 (2016): 689–742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248016000171.

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It is well known that “formal” judicial independence—appointment on good behavior rather than at pleasure—was established in Britain with the 1701 Act of Settlement, and, like many other aspects of the English constitution, not exported to the colonies of either the First or the Second Empire. Its absence formed one of the allegations against the crown in the American Declaration of Independence, and the Constitution of the New Republic accordingly included a federal judicial independence provision. British imperial policy in North America after the Revolution regarding judges continued as bef

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Agergaard, Sine, Karin Redelius, and Åse Strandbu. "Children’s Rights to and in Sport: A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Policies in the Scandinavian Countries." Social Sciences 13, no. 4 (2024): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13040216.

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It has long been stated that children have the rights to protection from, e.g., abuse and to the provision of age-appropriate leisure, play, and recreational activities along with participation in all matters that concerns them. Yet, the full range of children’s rights to and in sport has not yet been explored in detail. To do so, it is relevant to turn to the Scandinavian countries, which are praised for promoting children’s rights and well-being, with organized sport forming part of the daily lives of many children and youths. In this paper, we examine the organizational policies in Scandina

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Strange, Carolyn. "Determining the Punishment of Sex Criminals in Confederation-Era Canada: A Matter of National Policy." Canadian Historical Review 99, no. 4 (2018): 541–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/chr.2017-0122.

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Lavery, Scott. "‘Defend and extend’: British business strategy, EU employment policy and the emerging politics of Brexit." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 19, no. 4 (2017): 696–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148117722713.

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As the British government embarks upon the process of exiting the European Union (EU), it will have to navigate the preferences of powerful business interest groups. However, the British politics and political economy literatures have tended to neglect the question of business agency in general and its relation to EU integration in particular. This article analyses British business strategy in relation to EU employment policy between 2010 and 2016. Through a document analysis of business responses to the Balance of Competences Review on EU Employment Policy and Confederation of British Industr

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Hess, Josef. "Zur Lage im Schweizer Wald (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 165, no. 8 (2014): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2014.0228.

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The state of the Swiss forest (essay) When assessing the situation of the Swiss forest, all its functions must be considered. One aspect stands out, however: Switzerland is losing valuable opportunities by harvesting a relatively low share of its wood production potential. This applies to climate change, prevention of natural catastrophes and biodiversity, as well as forest and wood economy. The Confederation supports the use of wood for construction and energy through its resources policy. To increase domestic added value, investment, cooperation between all stakeholders and improved framewor

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Datsenko, Pavel. "Nikolai Vasilievich Isakov’s Mission to Munich, Stuttgart and Dresden in the Summer of 1854 and Its Role for the Neutrality of the German Confederation in the Crimean War." ISTORIYA 15, no. 9 (143) (2024): 0. https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840032620-1.

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The article is devoted to the ensuring the neutrality of the states of the German Confederation in 1854, for which Russia, in addition to the efforts of its diplomats, resorted also to unofficial but demonstrative initiatives. Among them was the trip of the aide-de-camp of Emperor Nicholas I, Colonel Nikolai Vasilyevich Isakov with a special mission to Bavaria, Württemberg and Saxony. This trip took place in a particularly difficult situation of the growth of Austria’s militant rhetoric and the uncertainty regarding the Russian reaction to it. Isakov’s trip, therefore, despite its formal couri

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Kovalchuk, A. "The Evolution of the Russian Approach to Multilateral Relations in the Post-Soviet Area." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 1(34) (February 28, 2014): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-1-34-23-30.

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The article is an attempt to comprehend the changes in the Russian approach to the post-Soviet space. The analysis, based on the official government documents and speeches of Russian officials, reveals the stages of foreign policy in accordance with the current situation unfolding in the international arena. The Russian policy towards the nearest international environment shows changes in tactics, semantics and its focus on certain spheres of cooperation for the realization of its own interests. At the same time, the goal of foreign policy and the importance of "post-soviet space" remained the

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