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Journal articles on the topic 'Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Final act 1976'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Of the Journal, Editorial board. "The Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe." Ukrainian Religious Studies, no. 2 (September 27, 1996): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/1996.2.46.

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Zizas, Rimantas. "Testimony of memebr of Lithuanian Helsinky group dr. A. Stakevičius on the 15th of September in 1988 to USA Congress Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe." Genocidas ir rezistencija 1, no. 13 (2025): 136–46. https://doi.org/10.61903/gr.2003.114.

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On 1 August 1975 the Soviet Union, together with other European countries, the US and Canada, signed the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) in Helsinki. This document set out the principles of European security and international cooperation in the fields of economy, science, technology, and environmental protection. The third part of the resolutions deals with humanitarian issues and human rights. The protection of human rights has come to be seen as a key element of European security and cooperation. In 1975, following the Helsinki Conference, the US Cong

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3

Dimitrijevic, Dusko. "Review of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe: 40 years after Helsinki." Medjunarodni problemi 67, no. 4 (2015): 365–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1504365d.

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The paper deals with the genesis of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) as the important pan-European forum for addressing security issues during the Cold War era, and, secondly, analyses the dynamics of institutional changes that led to establishment of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). As an active factor in the process of d?tente and the easing of tensions between the then USSR and the United States, the CSCE was the place in which were flowing all initiatives related to overcoming the security problems in bipolar Europe. The paper provi

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4

Rojansky, Matthew. "The Geopolitics of European Security and Cooperation." Security and Human Rights 25, no. 2 (2014): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750230-02502006.

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At the present moment of obvious tension between Moscow and Washington, it may be tempting to dismiss the likelihood of progress on any diplomatic front, let alone in the complex multilateral format of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Yet the 1972–75 Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (csce) itself took place against a backdrop of intense rivalry between the u.s. and Soviet-led blocs, suggesting that reasoned dialogue and consensus on core issues of shared security in the osce space is possible, despite—or perhaps even because of—the looming threat of con

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5

Banionis, Juozas. "Liberating Lithuania between the Helsinki and Belgrade Conferences: Crisis or New Impulses?" Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 30 (2024): 84–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2011.204.

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Following the easing of international tensions between East and West, the free Lithuanians in the West (or the political Lithuanian diaspora) were very concerned about the prospects for Lithuania’s liberation. The article reveals the ambiguous assessments of the impact of the Helsinki Conference (1975) on the struggle of Lithuanians in the West for Lithuania’s freedom and shows a search for a new quality for Lithuania’s liberation movement pending the Belgrade Conference (1977). The subject of the research is the most active Lithuanian organizations involved in the process and political activi

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6

Selvage, Douglas. "From Helsinki to “Mars”." Journal of Cold War Studies 23, no. 4 (2021): 34–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_01039.

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Abstract After the signing of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) at Helsinki on 1 August 1975, the Soviet Union sought to compel the West to accept its vision for détente. This meant, on the one hand, the acceptance of the political and social status quo within the Soviet bloc and, on the other hand, the “completion” of the existing political détente with “military détente”—namely, East-West arms control agreements that preserved or augmented existing Warsaw Pact advantages. To this end, the KGB and its Soviet-bloc partners undertook two parallel campa

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7

Kooijmans, P. H. "The Mountain Produced a Mouse: The CSCE Meeting of Experts on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, Valletta 1991." Leiden Journal of International Law 5, no. 1 (1992): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500002004.

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From the very beginning peaceful settlement of disputes has been on the agenda of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Principle V of the first chapter of the Final Act of Helsinki of 1975 (the so-called first basket) reaffirmed the obligation of the participating states to settle their disputes by peaceful means. The Final Act, however, does not provide a mechanism through which such disputes can be resolved. The Swiss delegation had submitted in 1973 a draft-convention (called the Bindschedler-proposal after its auctor intellectualis Rudolf Bindschedler, the Legal Advisor of

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8

Sindeev, A. A. "A.A. Gromyko and Security Policy: Helsinki compromise (to the 115th anniversary of A.A. Gromyko)." Sovremennaâ Evropa, no. 3 (124) (December 15, 2024): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020170832403015x.

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The article continues the study of the role of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR A.A. Gromyko in the formation, development and maintenance of security policy, its principles and structural elements. The subject of the article is the research of the preparation, content and prospects of the development of the Helsinki Compromise. On August 1, 1975, this compromise was enshrined in the final act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. The article consists of four sections. The first section is dedicated to the problem of the connections between the Western interpretat

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9

Homonai, V. V. "The Budapest memorandum: lessons and unfulfilled expectations on Ukraine’s path to joining NATO." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 3, no. 81 (2024): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.81.3.52.

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The Budapest Memorandum for Ukraine (the official name is the Memorandum on Security Guarantees in Connection with Ukraine’s Accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons) was the result of negotiations on the disposal of the Soviet Union’s nuclear weapons. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, its nuclear weapons were deployed or stored in four of the fifteen successor states: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine. This raised important questions of security and protection, as well as command and control; and Moscow and Washington agreed that Russia should be the s

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10

Huseynov, Ilyas. "The Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in the interparliamentary relations between Azerbaijan and Greece." Scientific Bulletin 2 (2019): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.54414/oxjf9848.

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This article deals with the situation on the Armenian-Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, which is one of the main topics of discussion during the meetings on the development of inter-parliamentary relations between Azerbaijan and Greece. An Azerbaijani-Greek working group on inter-parliamentary relations operates in the Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and a Greek-Azerbaijani friendship group on inter-parliamentary relations functions in the Greek legislative body. In the framework of regular meetings of interparliamentary groups, among other issues, one of the main areas of dis

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Volkov, G. A. "Commandments of V . V . Petrov: formation, traditions and development." Lomonosov Law Journal 65, no. 6, 2024 (2024): 71–86. https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0113-11-65-6-5.

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The article examines the development of areas of legal science in the field of nature conservation, environmental protection and rational use of natural resources, which resulted in the formation of scientific schools of environmental, natural resource and agrarian law. The article reveals the reflection of achievements in the legal doctrine in a number of natural resource Laws of the USSR and the RSFSR of 1960–1975, which influenced the development of international law, including the generally recognized principles and norms contained in the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Coopera

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12

Lamberti, Sara. "The Dutch fight alone: The principle of self-determination." Security and Human Rights 23, no. 1 (2012): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187502312800079719.

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AbstractThe article sheds light on the powerful political legacy of Foreign Minister Max van der Stoel. One of his most remarkable achievements was the wording of the principle of self-determination of people at the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Principle VIII of the Declarations of Principles of the Helsinki Final Act acknowledged for all peoples in Europe the right to choose their internal regime or policies. The innovative wording successfully pursued by the Dutch delegation under Van der Stoel's guidance undermined the very basis of the Soviet empire and emboldened diss

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13

PARFINENKO, Anatoliy. "FREEDOM OF TRAVEL AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM AS COMPONENTS OF “DÉTENTE” DIPLOMACY(TO THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE SIGNING OF THE HELSINKI FINAL ACT)." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. International relations, no. 1 (60) (2025): 36–42. https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2292.2025/1-60/36-42.

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Background. The rapid growth of international tourism has turned the problem of human contacts into a matter of “high” diplomacy of the Helsinki Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, which became the crown of the defusion of international tensions. The influence of the Helsinki process on the liberalisation of the mobility regime in Europe is an important scientific and practical problem, the solution of which will allow us to conceptualise the international political potential of tourism as a means of peaceful involvement of socialist regimes in the process of pan-European coopera

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14

Tănăsescu, Tudor. "CONSECRATION AND IDENTITY OF NATIONAL MINORITIES RIGHTS PROTECTION IN THE CONFERENCE FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE - CSCE (ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE - OSCE IN DECEMBER 1994)." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 8, no. 1 (2014): 166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v8i1.935.

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Promotion and protection of European identity rights of persons belonging to nationalminorities are part of human rights protection system developed universally under the UnitedNations and, respectively, in the Regional Council of Europe, Organization for Security andCooperation in Europe and other European institutions. International instruments adopted bythe OSCE human dimension that is circumscribed, and are political in nature (so there are nottreated) contributed to a great extent, the development of catalog rights identity for peoplewho belong to national minorities, the evidence of evol

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15

Żukowski, Arkadiusz, and Marcin Chełminiak. "Détente między Zachodem a Wschodem. Konferencja Bezpieczeństwa i Współpracy w Europie z perspektywy Polski." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 12, no. 2 (2021): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.6878.

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The purpose of this article is to analyse the policy of détente between the West and the East at the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) from Poland’s perspective. The article begins with a synthetic theoretical and historical introduction concerning the formation of a new international order, particularly in Europe. The state of research on the CSCE in Poland is also outlined in a synthetic way. Then the analysis of Poland's role in the CSCE forum is presented in the context of the multifaceted negotiation processes in a chronological and problematic arrangement from the p

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16

Banionis, Juozas. "VLIK from Madrid to Vienna: the Search for a New Political Direction in the Liberation of Lithuania." Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 34 (2024): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2013.205.

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The Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania (Vyriausiasis Lietuvos išlaisvinimo komitetas, VLIK), relying on its right to speak on behalf of the subjugated nation and its belief in the meaning of the Helsinki Accords, emphasised the importance of the Madrid conference for the liberation activities of Lithuania. One more aspect of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, specifically the territorial integrity principle applicable to the liberation process of the Baltic States, was raised in the Spanish capital. Starting in 1981, the VLIK sought to draw in

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17

Banionis, Juozas. "From Belgrade to Madrid Conferences." Genocidas ir rezistencija 2, no. 32 (2024): 74–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.61903/gr.2012.204.

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Between the Belgrade and Madrid conferences, the main political organisations of the movement for the liberation of Lithuania acting in the West – the Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania (VLIK), Lithuanian American Council (ALT) and World Lithuanian Community (PLB) – acting both separately and jointly to seek a new quality of liberation activity, kept the case of Lithuanian liberation relevant in the West. The Supreme Committee for the Liberation of Lithuania, in the wake of a positive US Congress resolution concerning the Baltic States, changed its leadership and carried on fulf

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18

Pashynna, L. "Criteria for defining "armed conflict" in international humanitarian law: historical background, current challenges and legal realities." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 84 (2024): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.84.4.46.

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The global landscape, enshrined in a wide range of international legal agreements, envisions an era of peaceful coexistence among nations. This vision is based on fundamental legal acts, such as the Charter of the United Nations and the Statute of the International Court of Justice (dated 26.06.1945), which enshrine the principle of peaceful coexistence. In addition, the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States (24.10.1970) and the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (01.08.1975) build on this founda

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19

Ventura, Marco. "The Formula ‘Freedom of Religion or Belief’ in the Laboratory of the European Union." Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego 23 (December 30, 2020): 7–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/spw.9833.

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This article argues that more and better knowledge about the past and present of the formula ‘freedom of religion or belief’ is likely to result in a stronger consistency between the terminology and the concept, while being conducive to a richer national and international conversation on the protection and promotion of ‘religion or belief’ related rights and freedoms. In the first section (The emergence) the author maps the chronology and context of the emergence of the formula: while confirming the importance of the United Nations, it is emphasized that UN documents were not alone, and were n

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20

Jach, Anna. "Akt końcowy KBWE i jego wpływ na instytucjonalizację ruchu praw człowieka w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej w perspektywie porównawczej 1975–1991 (wybrane aspekty)." January 1, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4483132.

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On the 1st of August 1975 in Helsinki, 35 countries signed the Final Act of the CSCE. Running the Helsinki process was crucial for the institutionalization of the human rights movement in Central and Eastern Europe. For the first time the principle of respect for human rights, treated as a manifestation of European security, achieved a high status in the basic international document. Although at the beginning the conference did not have any means of direct impact on Member States, thanks to the adopted mechanisms (Review Conferences ) it became possible to international control over the observ

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