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Journal articles on the topic 'Confessions and creeds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 13 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lillback, Peter. "THE ABIDING LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION’S CONFESSIONAL ORTHODOXY: THE REQUIRED VOWS OF WESTMINSTER SEMINARY PROFESSORS AND NAPARC MINISTERS." VERBUM CHRISTI: JURNAL TEOLOGI REFORMED INJILI 6, no. 2 (2019): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51688/vc6.2.2019.art2.

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This article revisits how Christians since almost two millenniums have made use of creeds and confessions. Especially confessional vows used at Westminster Theological Seminary, also refer to the vows of the churches who are members of NAPARC (The North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council). First, it examines the historical overview of various Reformed confessions, and historical survey of Reformed confessions from the Reformation to the present. Then, Westminster seminary's Presbyterian and Reformed heritage, and finally, authority of and subscription to the confessions. To define Refo

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Lillback, Peter. "THE ABIDING LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION’S CONFESSIONAL ORTHODOXY: THE REQUIRED VOWS OF WESTMINSTER SEMINARY PROFESSORS AND NAPARC MINISTERS." VERBUM CHRISTI: JURNAL TEOLOGI REFORMED INJILI 7, no. 1 (2020): 41–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.51688/vc7.1.2020.art3.

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Since the Reformed faith has been characterized from its sixteenth century origins, thus for both Catholic and Protestant the century was an era characterized by faith speaking through the composition of their respective confessions of faith. This article begin to examine the problems raised by confessional subscription for Protestantism and its solutions. The various purposes for confessional subscription to the historic creeds of the Reformation and confessional subscription at Westminster Theological Seminary, and finally confessional subscription in the PCA and the OPC also discussed. This

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Behera, Marina Ngursangzeli. "Confessing the One Faith in Many Tongues." International Review of Mission 113, no. 2 (2024): 341–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/irom.12506.

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AbstractThis article critically reflects on the historical and cultural implications of the Nicene Creed, focusing on its relevance in non‐Western contexts. It explores the Creed not just as a theological concept but also as a tool that has influenced both ecumenical unity and hegemonic power dynamics, especially in Indigenous and colonial encounters. After outlining the Creed's role in settling debates about the nature of the relationship between the Father and the Son, while acknowledging the Creed's later global and liturgical adoption, the article critically examines the interaction betwee

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Echeverria, EJ. "Hermeneutics of creeds and confessions: The question of continuity and change." STJ | Stellenbosch Theological Journal 1, no. 1 (2015): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17570/stj.2015.v1n1.a5.

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Modern culture has not really rendered creeds and confessions untrue; far less has it rendered them unbiblical. But it has rendered them implausible and distasteful. They are implausible because they are built on old-fashioned notions of truth and language. They make the claim that a linguistic formulation of a state of affairs can have a binding authority beyond the mere text on the page that creeds actually refer to something and that that something has significance for all of humanity.

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Csepregi, Zoltán. "Die reformatorischen Bekenntnisse in Ungarn und Siebenbürgen (1545–1572)." Journal of Early Modern Christianity 8, no. 1 (2021): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jemc-2021-2004.

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Abstract Originally, the local confessions served to account for the religious and secular authorities in matters of religion. They also formed a written basis for the legal unification of the affected communities, later they ensured the unity of the pastors in teaching, and finally they offered the community the legal basis for demanding new rights (the primacy or solitude of the denomination) based on old privileges. Over time, other functions were added to the original function of the confessions, so that a complex process of reception emerged. There was a general conception of ‘Catholicity

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Castaneda, Benjamin. "“The Story of Creeds and Confessions: Tracing the Development of the Christian Faith” by Donald Fairbairn and Ryan M. Reeves." Theology in Scotland 27, no. 2 (2020): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/tis.v27i2.2142.

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Review of Donald Fairbairn and Ryan M. Reeves, The Story of Creeds and Confessions: Tracing the Development of the Christian Faith (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Academic, 2019), pp. xi + 396, ISBN 978-0801098161. £22.99

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NICHOLS, STEPHEN J. "THE WORD MADE FLESH: THE LIGONIER STATEMENT ON CHRISTOLOGY." UNIO CUM CHRISTO 4, no. 1 (2018): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc4.1.2018.art11.

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This article explains the origin and construction of The Word Made Flesh: The Ligonier Statement on Christology. The text of the statement and the articles of affirmation and denial are included, preceded by introductory comments on creeds and confessions and the aims of this statement.

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Duffy, Stephen J. "CREEDS AND CONFESSIONS OF FAITH: FROM AGES OF BELIEF TO AN AGE OF CREEDAL MALAISE." Religious Studies Review 31, no. 1-2 (2005): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0922.2005.0002.x.

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Santoso, A. ""In The Spirit"." Acta Theologica 43, no. 1 (2023): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.38140/at.v43i1.7005.

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The Ecumenical and Reformed Creeds and Confessions hold a continuity of Trinitarian doctrine as formulated since the Nicene creed (325 AD). Yet the role of the spirit seems to be undermined in such formulations. The historical context of the Nicene creed emphasized on the homoousios of the Son. Thus, the filioque in the Nicene later formulation. In this article, the author addresses the lacuna of the role of the Spirit in the traditional Trinitarian formulations. Based on John Calvin’s understanding of an autotheos Trinity, and his timeless view of eternity, the significance of the Spirit shou

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EDWARDS, MARK. "Kinzig on the Creeds." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 70, no. 1 (2018): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046918000696.

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In these four volumes Wolfram Kinzig has put together the largest compilation to date of texts which profess to set out the principal tenets of the Church between the second and the eighth centuries of the Christian era. In dimension it easily surpasses its German precursors of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, while in content it can aim to be more eclectic than the compendium which Philip Schaff addressed to the clergy and fellow-believers in 1877. Its only rival in the twenty-first century is the joint labour of Jaroslav Pelikan and Valerie Hotchkiss, broader in chronological range b

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Ferguson, Everett. "Dan Williams's Retrieving the Tradition and Renewing Evangelicalism: A Primer for Suspicious Protestants." Scottish Journal of Theology 55, no. 1 (2002): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930602000169.

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Dan Williams challenges the ‘historylessness’ of much contemporary evangelicalism and pleads for a recovery of the great Tradition as a way of ‘renewing evangelicalism’. I agree with the need to pay attention to history but am not so optimistic about its resulting in renewal and find problems in the statement of the case that require further exploration. To follow Tradition is to affirm the authority of scripture. The Rule of Faith itself was a summary of the teaching found in scripture. Theological programmes other than the ‘Bible alone’ have not been notably successful in overcoming division

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Tavard, George H. (George Henry). "Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition (review)." Catholic Historical Review 90, no. 2 (2004): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cat.2004.0101.

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Douglass, Robert Bruce. "Still “People of the Book”?" Theology Today 77, no. 3 (2020): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040573620947047.

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Protestants have long been known not only for the special authority they have accorded the Bible but also for the encouragement they have given to laity to read the Bible and make sense of it for themselves. But for much of their history they have assumed this would be done in the context of worshipping communities, where believers could interpret the Bible together, guided by the results of these communities' ongoing deliberations as codified in creeds, confessions and catechisms. In recent times, however, this has been breaking down because of the rise of increasingly radical forms of indivi

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McKim, Donald K. "Book Review: Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition." Theological Studies 65, no. 2 (2004): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004056390406500214.

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Serratt, Johnny. "Donald Fairbairn and Ryan M. Reeves, The Story of Creeds and Confessions: Tracing the Development of the Christian Faith." Review & Expositor 118, no. 2 (2021): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00346373211042715f.

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Cameron, Euan. "The ‘Godly Community’ in the Theory and Practice of the European Reformation." Studies in Church History 23 (1986): 131–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400010585.

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It is now a truism to say that the European Reformation of the sixteenth century brought into being a religion of the word. It arose in literate and learned debate; it was fomented by the printing of written propaganda; it defined itself according to written formulae, including creeds, confessions, and catechisms. It is perhaps almost as generally accepted, and certainly as true, that the ‘Word’ as envisaged by the Reformers was a doctrine based on reasoning and logic, logically expressed, and meant to be understood in an intellectually coherent way. This trait in the aims of the Reformers eme

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Fesko, J. V. "The Story of Creeds and Confessions: Tracing the Development of the Christian Faith, by Donald Fairbairn and Ryan M. Reeves." Journal of Reformed Theology 14, no. 1-2 (2020): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697312-01401006.

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Petrosyan, Nelli. "Saint Gregory The Illuminator and Canons of Nicene Ecumenical Council." WISDOM 1, no. 6 (2016): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v1i6.73.

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The Nicene Creed in the Armenian Apostolic Church is a stricter version of the Christian faith. Christian recites it as a confession of his faith. The article attempts to identify formulation origins of creed partly related with apostolic times. Next is presented, how in year 325 during the first ecumenical meeting convened in Nicaea the high-ranking fathers collected the items of Christian faith and gave the name of Nicene Creed or Creed. Gregory the Illuminator accepted the decisions of the Nicene creed and canonize that Creed in the Armenian Apostolic Church, however, unlike other Christian

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Cruciani, Sante. "I tre presidenti (ma ce n'č un quarto). La Costituzione Repubblicana secondo Schifani, Fini e Berlusconi." HISTORIA MAGISTRA, no. 1 (April 2009): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/hm2009-001002.

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- After the Popolo della Libertŕ's win at the 13th and 14th of April 2008 elections, most of the Newscasts on both public and private television welcomed the inaugural speeches made by the President of the Senate Schifani, the President of the Chamber Fini and the Prime Minister Berlusconi as the confirmation of the Italian right wing tradition of government. Looking closer, apart from the formal tributes towards President Napolitano, the three inaugural speeches introduce a substantial breach as regards republican democracy, the balance of popular sovereignty, parliamentary representation and

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Greene-McCreight, Kathryn. "Jaroslav Pelikan, Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003), pp. 609. $37.50." Scottish Journal of Theology 61, no. 1 (2008): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930605001729.

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Zachman, Randall C. "Jaroslav Pelikan, . Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003. liii+609 pp. $45.00 (cloth)." Journal of Religion 86, no. 3 (2006): 468–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/507725.

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Gerrish, B. A. "Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition By Jaroslav Pelikan New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 2003. 609 pp. $37.50." Theology Today 61, no. 3 (2004): 398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004057360406100326.

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Trihandarkha, Daniel. "Christian Confession of Faith, Then and Now." SIAP: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristen 10, no. 2 (2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.55087/siap.v10i2.3.

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Confession of faith is part of the tradition in the ecclesial life of believers. We now know The Apostle Creeds which are predominately used in Protestant Church in Indonesia has gone through long stories and journey until it reaches what we have now in Indonesian language. Confession of faith is slightly different because they were made in the different times and different challenges compared with Apostle Creed. This writing will explore the foundational understanding of why confession of faith is necessary in the time of reformation only-the reason will be explained later. How it was and how

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Kovács, Ábrahám. "A liberális teológia kritikája. A Debreceni Hitvallás (1875) és az új ortodoxia krisztológiája a Heidelbergi Káté és a II. Helvét Hitvallás tükrében." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 66, no. 2 (2021): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.66.2.02.

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Abstract. A Critique of Liberal Theology. The Christology of the Confession of Debrecen (1875) in the Light of Heidelberg Catechism and the II. Helvetic Confession. The study aims to compare some of the Christological statements of Hungarian liberal theology and the Confession of the New Orthodoxy of Debrecen (1875). First, it explores the context where the debate took place. At the same time, it is ex-plained briefly how genuine Hungarian theology was being shaped and articulated. Then, some selected Christological texts of the Confession will be analysed in the light of Heidelberg Catechism

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Mühling, Andreas. "Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition. By Jaroslav Pelikan. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003. liv + 609 pp. $37.50 cloth." Church History 74, no. 2 (2005): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000964070011073x.

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Weaver, Steve. "‘Three Subsistences … One Substance’: the Doctrine of the Trinity in the Second London Confession." Perichoresis 20, no. 1 (2022): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2022-0002.

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Abstract This article examines the doctrine of the Trinity taught in the Second London Confession of Faith of 1677. It begins by examining a trinitarian controversy among the Particular Baptists of England in the mid-seventeenth century. After outlining the doctrinal deviations of Thomas Collier, the article proceeds to describe some of the responses to Collier from the Particular Baptist community. In many ways the Second London Confession can be seen as a response to Collier. The article also explores the theology of Hercules Collins, a signatory of the Second London Confession, in contrast

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Weaver, Steve. "‘Three Subsistences … One Substance’: the Doctrine of the Trinity in the Second London Confession." Perichoresis 20, no. 1 (2022): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2022-0002.

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Abstract This article examines the doctrine of the Trinity taught in the Second London Confession of Faith of 1677. It begins by examining a trinitarian controversy among the Particular Baptists of England in the mid-seventeenth century. After outlining the doctrinal deviations of Thomas Collier, the article proceeds to describe some of the responses to Collier from the Particular Baptist community. In many ways the Second London Confession can be seen as a response to Collier. The article also explores the theology of Hercules Collins, a signatory of the Second London Confession, in contrast

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Mühling, Andreas. "Review: Credo: Historical and Theological Guide to Creeds and Confessions of Faith in the Christian Tradition. By Jaroslav Pelikan. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003. liv + 609 pp. $37.50 cloth." Church History 74, no. 2 (2009): 426–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3529261.

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Hays, Richard B. "Spirit, Church, Resurrection: The Third Article of the Creed as Hermeneutical Lens for Reading Romans." Journal of Theological Interpretation 5, no. 1 (2011): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26421351.

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Abstract Recent focus on the theological interpretation of Scripture has encouraged exegetes to explore the church's doctrinal confessions as constructive hermeneutical resources for reading Scripture. Taking its cue from this suggestion, this essay places Paul's letter to the Romans in dialogue with the third article of the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed in order to discern both how the creed might illuminate important but oftneglected themes in Paul's theology, as well as how Romans might in turn clarify, deepen, and even transform our reading of the creed. Among the various insights to eme

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Hays, Richard B. "Spirit, Church, Resurrection: The Third Article of the Creed as Hermeneutical Lens for Reading Romans." Journal of Theological Interpretation 5, no. 1 (2011): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jtheointe.5.1.0035.

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Abstract Recent focus on the theological interpretation of Scripture has encouraged exegetes to explore the church's doctrinal confessions as constructive hermeneutical resources for reading Scripture. Taking its cue from this suggestion, this essay places Paul's letter to the Romans in dialogue with the third article of the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed in order to discern both how the creed might illuminate important but oftneglected themes in Paul's theology, as well as how Romans might in turn clarify, deepen, and even transform our reading of the creed. Among the various insights to eme

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Logunova, Larisa, Tatiana Gritskevich, and Evgeny Kazakov. "Stereotypes of Interconfessional Interactions of Siberians." Ideas and Ideals 16, no. 1-1 (2024): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2024-16.1.1-226-247.

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The successful term “stereotype” was substantiated by the journalist W. Lippman and became ﬁrmly established in scientiﬁc use. Researchers have studied the processes of stereotypes functioning. This is an important part ofthe collective consciousness, protecting a person from unfamiliar information. Stereotypes help save time and life resources for processing new information. But the negative side of stereotypes lies in the creation of mental templates for the perception of reality. It is easier for a group to simplify information than to waste time understanding the essence of another’s other

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Giles, Kevin. "The Evangelical Theological Society and the doctrine of the Trinity." Evangelical Quarterly 80, no. 4 (2008): 323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27725472-08004003.

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Significant evangelical leaders today teach that the Son is eternally subordinated in authority to the Father, sometimes using ontological terms. This teaching would seem to stand in stark tension with the primary Christian confession that ‘Jesus is Lord’ and to contradict the Athanasian Creed which teaches that all three divine persons are ‘almighty’ and ‘Lord’, ‘none is before or after, greater or lesser’, and all are ‘co-equal’. What is more, it would seem to contradict virtually all the Protestant Reformation and post-Reformation Confessions which speak of the three divine persons as equal

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Fedorov, М. А. "Confessional Range of Protestantism." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies 38 (2021): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3380.2021.38.141.

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Diversity and the fragmented nature of Protestantism are the reason of various interpretations of its boundaries and the number of denominations it comprises. The key criterion of affiliation with Protestantism is the acceptance of basic doctrines set forward in the Niceno- Constantinopolitan Creed. The analysis of the beliefs of the religious organizations traditionally connected with Protestantism suggests that Jehovah's Witnesses, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Pentecostals-Unitarians are out of the doctrinal field of Christianity in general and out of the range of Protest

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Naude, Piet. "CAN OUR CREEDS SPEAK A GENDERED TRUTH? A FEMINIST READING OF THE NICENE CREED AND THE BELHAR CONFESSION." Scriptura 86 (June 12, 2013): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7833/86-0-949.

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Peucker, Paul. "A Moravian Creed from 1731." Journal of Moravian History 22, no. 1 (2022): 20–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jmorahist.22.1.0020.

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ABSTRACT In December 1731, Zinzendorf wrote a creed for the Herrnhut congregation. In a way, the creed can be considered a response to the Augsburg Confession, but it also deals with issues that were of concern to (radical) Pietists of the time. A close reading of the 1731 creed, which has not been published in English before, will reveal that the theology of the Herrnhut community differed from the orthodox Lutheran position in important points. This is all the more significant, as the 1731 creed was written at a time when Zinzendorf was trying to convince the public that the community at Her

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Lundeby, Erling. "Mere Discipleship: On growing in wisdom and hope." European Journal of Theology 28, no. 2 (2020): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/ejt2019.2.024.lund.

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SummaryMcGrath’s book is a helpful opening up of what ‘discipleship of the mind’ means, and how to acquire it. He shows how discipleship is the habit of understanding and imagining ourselves and our world firmly rooted in the Christian gospel. The creeds work like a map. We are joined by fellow Christians in the wider Church past and present (and especially through books). The vision is lived out in today’s pervasive secular culture, and we can learn from good examples who have lived before us. This vision and hope resonates with contemporary philosophers and authors. McGrath’s book is short o

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Bokedal, Tomas. "The Rule of Faith: Tracing Its Origins." Journal of Theological Interpretation 7, no. 2 (2013): 233–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26421568.

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Abstract The expression Rule of Faith was used from early on to designate the basic theology of the church—the sum content of "apostolic" teaching—as set down in Scripture, (pre)baptismal confession, and apostolic teaching patterns. Based on early Christological formularies and two- or three-limbed Christian confessions to the One God (cf. 1 Cor 8:6; Matt 28:19; 1 Clem. 46:6; Irenaeus, Epid. 6), this language emerged as a first- and second-century response to questions raised both within and outside of the Christian communities. With particular focus on Irenaeus (especially Haer. I, 10.1), but

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Bokedal, Tomas. "The Rule of Faith: Tracing Its Origins." Journal of Theological Interpretation 7, no. 2 (2013): 233–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jtheointe.7.2.0233.

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Abstract The expression Rule of Faith was used from early on to designate the basic theology of the church—the sum content of "apostolic" teaching—as set down in Scripture, (pre)baptismal confession, and apostolic teaching patterns. Based on early Christological formularies and two- or three-limbed Christian confessions to the One God (cf. 1 Cor 8:6; Matt 28:19; 1 Clem. 46:6; Irenaeus, Epid. 6), this language emerged as a first- and second-century response to questions raised both within and outside of the Christian communities. With particular focus on Irenaeus (especially Haer. I, 10.1), but

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Naude, Piet. "CONFESSING THE ONE FAITH: THEOLOGICAL RESONANCE BETWEEN THE CREED OF NICEA (325 AD) AND THE CONFESSION OF BELHAR (1982 AD)." Scriptura 85 (June 12, 2013): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7833/85-0-935.

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Deniati, Deniati, and Yesaya Adhi Widjaya. "Baptisan Anak Dalam Pengakuan Iman Westminster dan Katekismus Heilderberg." Journal KERUSSO 5, no. 1 (2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33856/kerusso.v5i1.120.

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Baptism is one of the sacraments recognized by the church and is believed to be a seal for believers, and a sign of Christ's ownership. However, if you look at the practice in the church, many questions will arise, both regarding the instruments used in baptizing and the subjects to be baptized (children or adults). This is due to a lack of understanding of baptism as well as differences in interpretation of the Bible and the confession of faith used in the church. This difference results in the emergence of conflicts between churches and the courage of certain sects, thus making statements th

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Sikorska, Joanna. "“None of us is this Zeuxis Heracleotes”: The Illustrational Dilemmas of Cracow Publishers." Ikonotheka 27 (July 10, 2018): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2330.

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Renaissance publishers very often directly addressed the readers of the books that were published in their printing houses. In various dedications, prefaces, afterwords, etc., they presented the broad behind-the-scenes view of their editorial efforts, thus in this suggestive way attempting to shape universal views on the status and significance of ars artium. These authorial texts are an important source of information regarding the editors’ scholarly, social and professional contacts, as well as of the circumstances in which the various texts were created and all kinds of issues the editors e

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Lumpp, David A. "The Need for Creeds Today: Confessional Faith in a Faithless Age by J.V. Fesko." Lutheran Quarterly 36, no. 3 (2022): 352–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lut.2022.0081.

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Cavazza, Antonella. "Sur les sources de l’essai d’A. S. Khomiakov « L’Église est une »." Slavica Occitania 41, no. 1 (2015): 177–89. https://doi.org/10.3406/slaoc.2015.1044.

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On the sources of A. S. Khomyakov’s essay “ The Church is one” This article deals with the “confession of faith” (ispovedanie very) of the main representative of slavophilism, and shows the originality of the Treaty “The Church is one” by comparison with such works as the Orthodox Confession of Petr Moghila, or Metropolite Filaret’s “Complete Christian Catechism of the Orthodox Eastern Church”, and the "Statement of the Creed of the Eastern Orthodox Church", written by A. N. Muraviev. From the analysis of archives as well as of published materials, the author demonstrates that “The Church is o

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Baker Saltmarsh, Hannah. "Beyond Creed and Crisis: Mother–Son Dilemmas in Frank Bidart’s ‘Confessional’." Forum for Modern Language Studies 52, no. 3 (2016): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fmls/cqw024.

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Herreros Besa, Alfonso. "Augustine on pagan knowledge of God and the Trinity." Studium. Filosofía y Teología 19, no. 38 (2017): 245–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53439/stdfyt38.19.2016.245-260.

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Augustine narrates in Confessions, VII, ix, 13-15 his encounter with the Platonist books, which permitted him to grasp the immateriality of God and surprisingly the Christian Trinity too, a thesis that seems confirmed in the psychological arguments he puts forward in The Trinity, among other texts. However, a more fine-grained analysis shows that Augustine sets strict limits to the pagan, non-revealed knowledge of God, meaning that he doesn´t think the Neoplatonics professed the Trinity in the sense of the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed.

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Thompson, Glen L. "The Daughter of the Word: What Luther Learned from the Early Church and the Fathers." Perichoresis 17, no. 4 (2019): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2019-0027.

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Abstract All the major sixteenth-century Reformers knew something about the early church and used the early Fathers. As an Augustinian monk and professor of theology, however, Luther’s knowledge and use of the great Father was both deeper and more nuanced. While indebted to Augustine, Luther went further in defining what it meant for theology to be ‘scriptural’. He saw history as the interaction of God’s two regimes, and the church of every age as weak and flawed but conquering through the cross of Christ. This led him to a free use of the Fathers without being constrained to always agree with

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Persaud, Winston D. "The Evangelical Necessity of Creedal Confession in the World of Empire." Dialog 52, no. 4 (2013): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dial.12072.

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Ihsan, Muhammad, and Erwin Mahrus. "Konten Materi Aqidah Karya Haji Muhammad Saleh pada Mata Pelajaran Aqidah Akhlak di Madrasah Tsanawiyah (Telaah Kitab Syarah Aqidatul Al-Awam)." Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal 4, no. 3 (2023): 1632–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v4i3.388.

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This study aims to analyze the content or content of Hajj Muhammad Saleh's work, namely the Book of Syarah Aqidatul al-Awam with the content of Aqidah Akhlak Subject Material in Madrasah Tsanawiyah. The research method used is literature study, which is an analysis of the content of the book of Syarah Aqidatul al-Awam. The results showed that the Book of Syarah Aqidatul al-Awam has enormous relevance to the subject of Aqidah Akhlak in Madrasah Tsanawiyah. This is because the content of the book can help strengthen the basics of aqidah of Madrasah Tsanawiyah students. This research also shows t

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Ohanjanyan, Anna. "Creedal Controversies among Armenians in the Seventeenth-Century Ottoman Empire." Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies 27, no. 1 (2020): 7–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26670038-12342708.

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Abstract In the late seventeenth century along the lines of European confession-building and Ottoman sunnitization, the Armenian Apostolic Church initiated the reshaping of its orthodoxy in the face of growing Tridentine Catholicism. Through the contextualization of the polemical writing attributed to the famed Constantinopolitan Armenian erudite Eremia Čʻēlēpi Kʻēōmiwrčean, this article discusses the ways of detecting “bad innovations” in the doctrine and practice of Armenian communities in the Ottoman realms, and the doctrinal instruments used for enforcing “pure faith” towards social discip

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Kovacs, Abraham. "Dogma and Creed: ecclesia semper reformari or transformari debet? A Response from the New Orthodoxy of Debrecen to Hungarian Liberal Theology." Journal for the History of Modern Theology / Zeitschrift für Neuere Theologiegeschichte 26, no. 1 (2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znth-2019-0001.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to scrutinise the two aspects of the debate which took place between Hungarian liberal theology and neo-orthodoxy from 1860s onwards. First, it discusses the liberal concept of what the essence of Christian religion was and its orthodox critique which led to the Declaration of Faith in Debrecen (1875). Secondly, it investigates the arguments on what basis liberal theologians rejected confessions. The paper argues that both trends interpreted very differently the Reformed principle ‘ecclesia semper reformari debet with ecclesia semper transformari debet’ and th

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