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Academic literature on the topic 'Configuration magnétique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Configuration magnétique"
Max Morandi, Massimo, Alberto Simoncini, Claire Hays, John Garrett, R. Shane Barton, Andreas Chen, and Giovanni F. Solitro. "Quelle est la configuration optimale pour la stabilité et la qualité de l’imagerie par résonance magnétique de la fixation externe temporaire des fractures du plateau tibial ?" Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique 106, no. 7 (November 2020): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcot.2020.03.006.
Full textDoré, Jean-Christophe, and Claude Viel. "Détermination de configurations de dérivés styréniques et stilbéniques di- et tri-substitués par résonance magnétique nucléaire." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 94, no. 11 (September 2, 2010): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19750941102.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Configuration magnétique"
Reyes, Vasquez David Fernando. "Magnetic configurations in Co-based nanowires explored by electron holography and micromagnetic calculations." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30356/document.
Full textMagnetic nanowires have raised significant interest in the last 15 years due to their potential use for spintronics. Technical achievements require a detailed description of the local magnetic states inside the nanowires at the remnant state. In this thesis, I performed quantitative and qualitative studies of the remnant magnetic states on magnetic nanowires by Electron Holography (EH) experiments and micromagnetic simulations. A detailed investigation was carried out on two types of nanowires: multilayered Co/Cu and diameter-modulated FeCoCu nanowires. Both systems were grown by template-based synthesis using electrodeposition process. The combination of local magnetic, structural and chemical characterizations obtained in a TEM with micromagnetic simulations brought a complete description of the systems. In the multilayered Co/Cu nanowires, I analysed how different factors such as the Co and Cu thicknesses or the Co crystal structure define the remnant magnetic configuration into isolated nanowires. After applying saturation fields along directions either parallel or perpendicular to the NW axis, I studied multilayered Co/Cu nanowires with the following relative Co/Cu thickness layers: 25nm/15nm, 25nm/45nm, 50nm/50nm, and 100nm/100nm. Three main remnant configurations were found: (i) antiparallel coupling between Co layers, (ii) mono-domain-like state and (iii) vortex state. In the Co(25 nm)/Cu(15 nm) nanowires, depending on the direction of the saturation field, the Co layers can present either an antiparallel coupling (perpendicular saturation field) or vortex coupling (parallel saturation field) with their core aligned parallel to the wire axis. However, 10% of the nanowires studied present a mono-domain-like state that remains for both parallel and perpendicular saturation fields. In the Co(50 nm)/Cu(50 nm) and Co(25 nm)/Cu(45 nm) nanowires, a larger Cu thickness separating the ferromagnetic layers reduces the magnetic interaction between neighbouring Co layers. The remnant state is hence formed by the combination of monodomain Co layers oriented perpendicularly to the wire axis and some tilted vortex states. Finally for the Co(100 nm)/Cu(100 nm) nanowires a monodomain-like state is found no matters the direction of the saturation field. All these magnetic configurations were determined and simulated using micromagnetic calculations until a quantitative agreement with experimental results has been obtained. I was able to explain the appearance and stability of these configurations according to the main magnetic parameters such as exchange, value and direction of the anisotropy and magnetization. The comparison between simulations and experimental results were used to precisely determine the value of these parameters. In the diameter-modulated cylindrical FeCoCu nanowires, a detailed description of the geometry-induced effect on the local spin configuration was performed. EH experiments seem to reveal that the wires present a remnant single-domain magnetic state with the spins longitudinally aligned. However, we found through micromagnetic simulations that such apparent single-domain state is strongly affected by the local variation of the diameter. The study of the leakage field and the demagnetizing field inside the nanowire highlighted the leading role of magnetic charges in modulated areas. The magnetization presents a more complicated structure than a simple alignment along the wire axis. Finally my results have led to a new interpretation of previous MFM experiments
Boniface, Claude. "Modélisation et diagnostic d'un propulseur à effet Hall pour satellites : configuration magnétique et nouveaux concepts." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164160.
Full textL'étude porte sur la modélisation des phénomènes physiques dans le propulseur associée à une étude expérimentale, plus limitée, et destinée à valider ou compléter les modèles. La modélisation est basée sur une description des phénomènes de transport des particules (électrons, ions, neutres) en champs électrique et magnétique croisés. Un modèle développé au CPAT a été complété et utilisé pour chercher les conditions optimales de fonctionnement, en particulier l'étude de la configuration magnétique des moteurs à Effet Hall existants. De plus, nous avons développé un modèle pour étudier de nouveaux concepts de moteurs à Effet Hall, en particulier un moteur à Effet Hall à Double Etage, dans lequel on cherche à contrôler séparément la génération du plasma et l'accélération des ions.
La partie expérimentale a consisté à utiliser des techniques de diagnostics plasma (interférométrie de Fabry-Pérot) permettant de mesurer la distribution du champ électrique dans le système, résultant de la présence du plasma et des tensions appliquées aux électrodes. Les mesures ont été effectuées sur le moyen d'essai PIVOINE installé à Orléans. La confrontation systématique des résultats expérimentaux et de simulation a permis de mieux définir les possibilités et les limites du modèle et d'en améliorer ses capacités prédictives.
Boniface, Claude. "Modélisation et diagnostics d'un propulseur à effet Hall pour satellites : configuration magnétique et nouveaux concepts." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30016.
Full textHall Effect Thrusters (HETs) are gridless ion engines where a magnetic field barrier is used to impede the electron motion toward the anode and generate a large electric field that provides collisionless ion acceleration. The thrust is about 100 mN and the specific impulse of HETs is in the range 1600-2000 s (i. E. The velocity of ejected xenon ions is on the order of 16-20 km/s). The thrust and the specific impulse of standard Single Stage HETs are well adapted to the missions of orbit correction and station keeping. The goal here is to model the physical phenomena occurring in such a thruster, and, in correlation with experimental studies, to validate and/or improve the assumptions of the model. The model describes the transport of the electrons, ions, and neutrals in crossed electric and magnetic fields. The model developed at CPAT was extended and used to identify conditions for optimal operation of the thruster, with particular attention to the influence of the magnetic field distribution on the thruster operation. In addition, we developed a model to study new thuster concepts such as a Double Stage Hall Effect Thruster, where ionization and acceleration are accomplished in two stages. The experimental study involved using specific plasma diagnostics (Fabry-Perot Interferometry) in order to measure the electric field distribution in the thruster. Measurements were made at the PIVOINE test facility in Orléans. Systematic comparisons between experimental results and simulations allowed us to define more clearly the limits of the model and to improve its predictive ability
Vilamot, Raphaël. "Optimisation de la configuration magnétique d'un propulseur à effet Hall par résolution du problème magnétostatique inverse." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14668/1/vilamot.pdf.
Full textKhudr, Hussein. "Applications en chimie structurale de la résonnance magnétique nucléaire dans les milieux orientés chiraux." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112052.
Full textNMR in chiral oriented media is to date the most general and efficient method to analyse chiral molecules. When dissolved in such phases, enantiomers are not oriented the same due to intermolecular interactions between chiral molecules and polypeptide fibres. Consequently, ail the order sensitive NMR interactions are different for enantiomers. Ln the first chapter, we synthesized the four chiral isotopomers of[I-2Hl]-glycerol, with excellent enantiomeric purities. We present a simple and fast method to quantifY ail those isomers in a mixture through proton-decoupled deuterium NMR in chiralliquid crystal solvents. Ln a second chapter, it is demonstrated that exchangeable nuclei may be used to measure enantiomeric excesses, providing slow exchange regime can be achieved. When the slow exchange regime is reached, and exchangeable deuterium is used, two weil separated deuterium signal are detected, one for each enantiomers. Last, in the third chapter, an empirical method to determine the absolute configuration of an unknown product using 2H NMR in chiralliquid crystal solvent is proposed. The basic hypothesis is that in a series ofhomomorphous compounds, sharing a common geometry, the differential ordering effect of enantiomers should be comparable. We have realised the 20 Q-eOSY deuterium NMR spectra of a series of dioxçlans substituted in position 4 by a group CH2X (X= F, CI, Br, 1). A statistical analysis on the ensemble ofresults displays prominently the coherence of the data and allows for concluding that the absolute configuration of an unknown product belonging to the series is possible
Faghih, Ramine. "Synthèse d'azido-sucres fluores et d'hydrates de carbone branchés : détermination de la configuration absolue d'alcools secondaires chiraux : structure de la virustomycine-A." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112021.
Full textThe first part of this thesis is devoted to the synthesis of fluorine containing azido-carbohydrates which are potential precursors of β-fluoro α-amino acids and of fluoro-analogues of antibiotic sugars. The second chapter of this work is related to the synthesis of a biologically important molecule whose preparation cannot be disclosed at present time because of patent problems. The third part of the thesis discusses the synthesis of branched-chain sugars as well as a new approach for stereospecific functionalization at C₆ of carbohydrates. The last b o chapters of the work are related to the applications of nuclear ma 1. Etic resonance spectroscopy under the form of two different problems: a. Proposal of a new method for the determination of the absolute configuration of chiral secondary alcohols, b. Structural elucidation of the 18-membered macrolide antibiotic virustomycine-A
Prejbeanu, Ioan Lucian. "Configurations de l'aimantation dans des objets magnétiques à dimensionalité réduite. Relation entre magnétisme et transport." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003050.
Full textPrejbeanu, Ioan-Lucian. "Configurations de l'aimantation dans des objets magnétiques à dimentionalité réduite : Relation entre magnétisme et transport." Strasbourg 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13226.
Full textIn this work, two different aspects of the magnetic properties in systems of small dimensions have been investigated. The first aspect concerns the domain wall magnetoresistance in monocristallin cobalt nanowires of rectangular section. These nanowires were fabricated by electron-beam lithography and dry etching from epitaxial cobalt thin films with strong in-plane uniaxial anisotropy. The reduction of the lateral size of the system influences drastically the distribution of the magnetization. Different micromagnetic configurations are obtained in wires, depending on their orientation, parallel or perpendicular, with respect to the easy magnetocristalline axis. These configurations are strongly affected by the magnetic history. The magnetization reversal in the wires was studied by magnetotransport measurements and interpreted in the context of models of domain walls scattering and conventional galvanomagnetic effects in ferromagnetic materials. The domain wall magnetoresistance obtained from this study is positive and increases at low temperature. The second part is dedicated to the study of arrays of polycrystalline circular cobalt dots, fabricated by nanoimprint. For the case of widely spaced arrays, where the magnetostatic interactions between dots are negligible, different magnetization reversal mechanisms were identified, as a function of the dot dimensions: a coherent rotation of the magnetization and the formation of one or two vortices. For a dense array, the magnetostatic interactions generate collective magnetization reversal phenomena. These interactions lead to the formation, by an avalanche mechanism, of single-domain state chains or vortex-state chains, with identical rotation sense. Furthermore, they give rise to a quadratic anisotropy of the reversal process, and namely of the vortex nucleation field
Tajouri, Tahar. "Approche des propriétés des chaines de POE greffées sur des silices par résonance magnétique nucléaire (RMN) : utilisation des techniques de rotation à l'angle magique et de l'écho "pseudo-solide"." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066637.
Full textDang, Phuc Hung. "Développement d’aimant bas champ pour RMN Portable : Conception et construction." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0007/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a magnet system for NMR applications with high homogeneity while maintaining the static magnetic field B0 as high as possible (100 ppm, 0.12T). Due to the application goals, the magnet dimensions are predefined as well as those of the region of interest according to the size of the used permanent magnets. Such system is dedicated to biomedical and agroalimentary applications. The goal of this research has been firstly, the discussion of parameters of magnetic materials which are essential to the construction of portable NMR magnets, and then the choice of the permanent magnet material the “NdFeB” that was explained. A compromise between the portability, price and the sensitivity has led to the design of a prototype of portable NMR magnet with a simple system of arrangement of 24 permanent magnets. The magnetic field and the homogeneity of the system were calculated and simulated by using ANSYS software and these results were correlated to those obtained by the Radia software. A new shim method has been used to increase the homogeneity and correct the field B0 imperfection. Based on these results, a prototype was realized. The results of the magnetic field strength and homogeneity obtained by measurements are in good correlation with the results obtained by simulation. Sufficient accuracy was reached to take into account and correct errors due to manufacturing tolerances of the magnets. Another magnet system based on Mandhalas configuration (Magnet Arrangement for Novel Discrete Halbach Layout) was studied. The comparison between two configurations made from circle and square magnets was performed by 2D simulation (using three criteria: mass, homogeneity and the magnetic field strength). The Mandhalas made from circle magnets give better results (0.32 T, 178 ppm). The 3D simulation was carried out to evaluate the total system. From these results, a passive shim system was also used in this case and the homogeneity significantly increases