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Journal articles on the topic 'Confined compartment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Heasley, Lydia R., Steven M. Markus, and Jennifer G. DeLuca. "“Wait anaphase” signals are not confined to the mitotic spindle." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 9 (2017): 1186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e17-01-0036.

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The spindle assembly checkpoint ensures the faithful inheritance of chromosomes by arresting mitotic progression in the presence of kinetochores that are not attached to spindle microtubules. This is achieved through inhibition of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome by a kinetochore-derived “wait anaphase” signal known as the mitotic checkpoint complex. It remains unclear whether the localization and activity of these inhibitory complexes are restricted to the mitotic spindle compartment or are diffusible throughout the cytoplasm. Here we report that “wait anaphase” signals are indeed abl

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2

Schmidt, Kathleen. "Which Linear Compartmental Systems Can Be Analyzed by Spectral Analysis of PET Output Data Summed over All Compartments?" Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 19, no. 5 (1999): 560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199905000-00010.

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General linear time-invariant compartmental systems were examined to determine which systems meet the conditions necessary for application of the spectral analysis technique to the sum of the concentrations in all compartments. Spectral analysis can be used to characterize the reversible and irreversible components of the system and to estimate the minimum number of compartments, but it applies only to systems in which the measured data can be expressed as a positively weighted sum of convolution integrals of the input function with an exponential function that has real-valued nonpositive deca

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Chan, Michael W., Isabelle Thibault, Eshetu G. Atenafu, et al. "Patterns of epidural progression following postoperative spine stereotactic body radiotherapy: implications for clinical target volume delineation." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 24, no. 4 (2016): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.spine15294.

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OBJECT The authors performed a pattern-of-failure analysis, with a focus on epidural disease progression, in patients treated with postoperative spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). METHODS Of the 70 patients with 75 spinal metastases (cases) treated with postoperative spine SBRT, there were 26 cases of local disease recurrence and 25 cases with a component of epidural disease progression. Twenty-four of the 25 cases had preoperative epidural disease with subsequent epidural disease progression, and this cohort was the focus of this epidural-specific pattern-of-failure investigation. P

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Dwyer, C. Liam, Maximillian C. Soong, and N. George Kasparyan. "Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Hand: Case Report and Literature Review." HAND 12, no. 3 (2016): NP43—NP45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944716668826.

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Background: Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is characterized by activity-induced pain, swelling, and decreased muscle function due to increased pressure and decreased circulation within a confined muscle compartment. Although well-known to occur in the leg, involvement of the hand has rarely been reported in the literature. Methods: We present a 44 year old male with CECS involving bilateral thenar and hypothenar compartments. Symptoms were reproduced on exam by driving screws into wood with a screwdriver. Elevated compartment pressures were confirmed with a hand-held digital de

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Salvado, Francisco C., Arikson J. Tavares, F. Teixeira-Dias, and João B. Cardoso. "Confined explosions: The effect of compartment geometry." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 48 (July 2017): 126–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2017.04.013.

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6

Armstrong, J. B., P. K. Rose, S. Vanner, G. J. Bakker, and F. J. Richmond. "Compartmentalization of motor units in the cat neck muscle, biventer cervicis." Journal of Neurophysiology 60, no. 1 (1988): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.60.1.30.

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1. The neck muscle biventer cervicis is supplied by five separate nerve bundles that originate from segments C2-C5 and enter the muscle at different rostrocaudal levels. We have used the glycogen-depletion method to investigate the distribution of muscle fibers supplied by each nerve bundle and also the extent of motor-unit territories supplied by single motoneurons in the C3 segment. 2. Prolonged intermittent stimulation of each nerve bundle produced glycogen depletion in a compartment of muscle fibers that ran only a fraction of the whole-muscle length. The depleted compartment was separated

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Wang, Aijuan, Brady Manescau, Khaled Chetehouna, Steve Rudz, and Ludovic Lamoot. "Experimental study on the flame extension and risk analysis of a diffusion impinging flame in confined compartment." Journal of Fire Sciences 39, no. 4 (2021): 285–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07349041211015766.

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In this work, an experimental investigation on a diffusion impinging flame in a confined compartment was performed. The objective was to study the influence of confinement on the behavior of a flame impinging the ceiling and to deduce the auto-ignition risk of the smoke produced in the confined compartment. For this, configurations with five confinement levels were constructed by the condition of windows and/or door in the compartment and the variation of the heat release rates was made between 0.5 and 18.6 kW. To evaluate the flame morphology and flame extension length, an image processing me

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8

Yadav, VedPal, Anil Juyal, and Sansar Sharma. "Evaluation of lateral closed wedge high tibial osteotomy for medial compartment osteoarthritis." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 14, no. 4 (2015): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i4.18584.

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Introduction: Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common orthopaedic condition. Medial compartment osteoarthritis results from undue stress on the medial compartment of the knee joint following varus deformity. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) has been a long-standing treatment for osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee. Although knee replacement has gained wide popularity for its treatment, still HTO is a good and cost effective procedure for young patients having good range of motion and uni-compartmental involvement. Objective: To evaluate the results of HTO in medial compartment osteo

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Ma’arof, Nur Syamimi. "Revisiting the Rewarding Properties and Abuse Potential of Natural Compound Sinomenine Using Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) Model in Mice." International Journal of Pharmaceuticals, Nutraceuticals and Cosmetic Science 7, no. 2 (2024): 78–88. https://doi.org/10.24191/ijpnacs.v7i2.07.

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Sinomenine, derived from Sinomenium acutum, has a chemical structure similar to morphine and shows potential for treating opioid addiction in mice. Despite claims of being non- addictive, its safety and abuse potential remain underexplored. Conditioned place preference (CPP) approach was used to evaluate sinomenine's rewarding properties. ICR mice were divided into five groups, receiving either saline, morphine (8 mg/kg), or sinomenine (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) where each group was confined to the drug-paired compartments during conditioning phase. Alternately, mice received saline when confined

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Elhadi, Hashim Mohamed. "Effect of Diet Quality and Housing on Water Status in Sudanese Desert Sheep and Goats." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 15 (January 1, 2010): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol15iss0pp29-32.

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Two independent experiments were carried out using Sudanese Desert sheep and goats to investigate water metabolism (total body water, TBW and water turnover, WTO) and internal water compartments using radioactive water (tritium), under natural grazing conditions in a semi-desert area. The second trial was carried out on confined sheep, fed high (Lucerne) and poor quality (desert grasses) diets. The body weights, rectal temperature and water parameters were monitored in both trials and species under the Sudanese summer conditions. The grazing animal’s body weights were reduced compared to confi

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Perrin, Loïc, Hugues Pretrel, Kevin Varrall, and Olivier Vauquelin. "Thermal characterization of downward ventilation flows through a smoke layer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2885, no. 1 (2024): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2885/1/012054.

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Abstract Understanding the behaviour of downward flows of fresh air in temperature-stratified compartments is crucial for improving oxygenation of fire in confined compartment. This study investigates the axial temperature profiles of such flows and their sensitivity to injection rates. Experimental tests in a stratified compartment reveal a naturally bounded flow that transitions between a plume and a collapsing fountain, with the ability to transport heat and to affect the thermal stratification. However, different injection rates reveal potential distinct flow configurations. Low rates limi

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12

Songyang Li, Ruowen Zong, Lvyi Chen, Tao Wei, and Guangxuan Liao. "Effect of Different Fuels on Confined Compartment Fire." Journal of Fire Sciences 28, no. 4 (2009): 383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904109350192.

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13

Santos, Elena C. dos, Alessandro Angelini, Dimitri Hürlimann, Wolfgang Meier, and Cornelia G. Palivan. "Giant Polymer Compartments for Confined Reactions." Chemistry 2, no. 2 (2020): 470–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry2020028.

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In nature, various specific reactions only occur in spatially controlled environments. Cell compartment and subcompartments act as the support required to preserve the bio-specificity and functionality of the biological content, by affording absolute segregation. Inspired by this natural perfect behavior, bottom-up approaches are the focus to develop artificial cell-like structures, detrimental for understanding relevant bioprocesses and interactions or to produce tailored solutions in the field of therapeutics and diagnostics. In this review, we discuss the benefits of constructing polymer-ba

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14

Simoni, G., S. M. Sirchia, and M. Fraccaro. "Aneuploid Correction and Confined Placental Mosaicism." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 45, no. 1-2 (1996): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000001240.

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Uniparental disomy (UPD) can be caused by various genetic mechanisms such as gamete complementation, chromosome duplication in a monosomic zygote or postzygotic aneuploid correction. This latter mechanism has been recently well documented in human reproduction and seems to be strictly related to placental mosaicism. We have therefore studied some aspects of confined placental mosaicism (CPM) which are useful to clarify one of the most common sources of UPD in humans.Abnormal distribution of chromosomes in postzygotic mitotic cell divisions may result in a mosaic condition with two or more cell

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15

Eun, Changsun. "Free Energy Profile for the Complete Transport of Nonpolar Molecules through a Carbon Nanotube." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 19 (2023): 14565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914565.

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Gas molecules or weakly interacting molecules are commonly observed to diffuse through and fill space. Therefore, when the molecules initially confined in one compartment are allowed to move through a channel into another empty compartment, we expect that some molecules will be transported into the initially empty compartment. In this work, we thermodynamically analyze this transport process using a simple model consisting of graphene plates, a carbon nanotube (CNT), and nonpolar molecules that are weakly interacting with each other. Specifically, we calculate the free energy change, or the po

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16

Zhou, Min, Geng Ku, Laura Pageon, and Chun Li. "Theranostic probe for simultaneous in vivo photoacoustic imaging and confined photothermolysis by pulsed laser at 1064 nm in 4T1 breast cancer model." Nanoscale 6, no. 24 (2014): 15228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr05386a.

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17

Genoud, Sian, Blaine R. Roberts, Adam P. Gunn, et al. "Subcellular compartmentalisation of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in the Parkinson's disease brain." Metallomics 9, no. 10 (2017): 1447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7mt00244k.

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18

Yang, Cheng, Minjie Shi, Yuyu Tian, et al. "Bioinspired pomegranate-like microflowers confining core-shell binary NixSy nanobeads for efficient supercapacitors exhibiting a durable lifespan exceeding 100 000 cycles." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 7 (2019): 3432–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta11489g.

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19

Goldberg, Alexander A., Simon D. Bourque, Pavlo Kyryakov, et al. "A novel function of lipid droplets in regulating longevity." Biochemical Society Transactions 37, no. 5 (2009): 1050–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0371050.

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Growing evidence supports the view that LDs (lipid droplets) are dynamic organelles that can serve both as an intracellular signalling compartment and as an organizing platform orchestrating many vital processes in eukaryotic cells. It has become clear that the LDs-confined deposition and lipolytic degradation of neutral lipids define longevity in multicellular eukaryotic organisms and yeast. We summarize the evidence in support of the essential role that LDs play in longevity regulation and propose several molecular mechanisms by which these dynamic organellar compartments control the aging p

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20

Junjunan, Soleh Fajar, Khaled Chetehouna, Nicolas Gascoin, Ilyas Sellami, and Antoine Oger. "Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Fire Size on Burning Characteristics in a Well-Confined Military Vehicle Compartment." Fire 8, no. 2 (2025): 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8020075.

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This study presents an experimental investigation into the effects of fire size on burning characteristics within well-confined military vehicle engine compartments. The research evaluates burning duration, self-extinguishing phenomena, heat release rates, pressure dynamics, and flame morphology using heptane pool fires of varying pan diameters (8 cm, 16 cm, and 24 cm). Key findings include the proportional relationship between fire size and heat release rate, with larger pans causing higher oxygen consumption, elevated pressure differences, and increased total heat flux. Self-extinguishment w

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21

Bridger, Joanna M., Claudia Kalla, Harald Wodrich, et al. "Nuclear RNAs confined to a reticular compartment between chromosome territories." Experimental Cell Research 302, no. 2 (2005): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.07.038.

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22

Karuri, AR, AM Kumar, and D. Mukhopadhyay. "Differential expression and selective localization of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor in the rat uterus during the estrous cycle." Journal of Endocrinology 159, no. 3 (1998): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1590489.

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This study examines the expression of the multi-functional cytokine, vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF) in the rat uterus during early proestrus, proestrus, estrus and diestrus. Groups of ovariectomized or hypophysectomized rats served as endocrine controls. Expression of VPF/VEGF mRNA was 2-fold greater in uteri during proestrus and estrus than in other phases of the estrous cycle. In situ hybridization techniques indicated that VPF/VEGF mRNA expression was confined to the luminal epithelium during proestrus, but shifted to the stromal compartment durin

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23

Schilling, Sabine. "Cell-sorting at the A/P boundary in the Drosophila wing primordium: a computational model to consolidate observed non-local effects of Hh signaling." PLoS Computational Biology 7, no. 4 (2011): e1002025. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5600234.

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Non-intermingling, adjacent populations of cells define compartment boundaries; such boundaries are often essential for the positioning and the maintenance of tissue-organizers during growth. In the developing wing primordium of Drosophila melanogaster, signaling by the secreted protein Hedgehog (Hh) is required for compartment boundary maintenance. However, the precise mechanism of Hh input remains poorly understood. Here, we combine experimental observations of perturbed Hh signaling with computer simulations of cellular behavior, and connect physical properties of cells to their Hh signalin

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24

Bello-Mendoza, Ricardo, and Paul N. Sharratt. "Analysis of Retention Time Distribution (RTD) curves in an anaerobic digester with confined-gas mixing using a compartment model." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 8 (1999): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0383.

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Stimulus-response experiments were conducted in a continuous vessel with a single, centrally mounted draft-tube. The obtained retention time distribution curves were then analysed using conventional methods. These resulted in contradictory interpretation of the experimental data. To overcome this problem, a compartment model was developed to represent the mixing behaviour of this type of system. This mixing model consists of an ideally mixed compartment around the uptake tube and two cascades of tanks-in-series describing the circulation flow. The adjustable parameters of the model are the vol

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Chu, William, Jiun-Hung Lin, Shih-Tsang Tang, Woei-Chyn Chu, Shuenn-Tsong Young, and Chia-Tai Chan. "A RAPID AND CONVENIENT METHOD FOR DETERMINING LIMB COMPARTMENT PRESSURE." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 23, no. 06 (2011): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237211002815.

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Compartment syndrome (CS) is the pressure increasing within a confined anatomic space, which results in ischemia to the encompassed tissues and then leads to cells death. If left untreated, CS results in irreversible cell damage, further permanently postischemic scarring and contracture. The intracompartmental pressure is a major diagnostic consideration. Various methods of compartment pressure (CP) measurement have been developed since the late 1800s. They can be classified into invasive and noninvasive categories. Invasive methods are accurate but painful; whereas noninvasive approaches are

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MORITA, Masamune, Yuri OTA, and Naohiro NODA. "Microbial Culture and Detection Technology in a Confined Cell-sized Small Compartment." BUNSEKI KAGAKU 70, no. 6 (2021): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.70.335.

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27

Parsa, Vahid, Aldina Santiago, and Luís Laím. "Computational Fluid Dynamics of Compartment Fires: A Review of Methods and Applications." Applied Sciences 15, no. 5 (2025): 2342. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052342.

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Compartment fires, such as those occurring in buildings and confined spaces, impose modeling challenges due to the complexity of turbulent flows, combustion, and radiative heat transfer. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become a vital tool for understanding and predicting fire dynamics in such situations. This review provides an analysis of different available methods and sub-models on the CFD tools which have been applied to compartment fires in the literature, examining current turbulence, combustion, and radiation approaches. Additionally, it identifies challenges and deficiencies in

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Zajicek, G., I. Ariel, and N. Arber. "The streaming adrenal cortex: direct evidence of centripetal migration of adrenocytes by estimation of cell turnover rate." Journal of Endocrinology 111, no. 3 (1986): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1110477.

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ABSTRACT Thirty adult male rats were injected with 0·5 μCi [3H]thymidine/g body weight (specific activity 5 Ci/ mmol) and killed, in groups of five, 1 h and 14, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after injection. The displacement of labelled adrenocytes with time was estimated in autoradiograms of adrenal sections. The radial distance of the labelled cell from the capsule was measured with an eyepiece micrometer and expressed in cell location units, i.e. the number of cells separating the labelled cell from the capsule. One hour after labelling, 95% of labelled cells were confined to the outer quarter of

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Rabinowitz, S., H. Horstmann, S. Gordon, and G. Griffiths. "Immunocytochemical characterization of the endocytic and phagolysosomal compartments in peritoneal macrophages." Journal of Cell Biology 116, no. 1 (1992): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.116.1.95.

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We have used endocytic and phagocytic tracers in an EM immunocytochemical study to define the compartments of the phagocytic and endocytic pathways in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Endocytosed BSA-gold appeared successively in early endosomes, spherical endosomal vesicles, a late endosomal tubuloreticular compartment (TC), and terminal lysosomes. The TC appeared as an elaborate structure enriched for the lysosomal membrane glycoproteins Lamp 1 and Lamp 2, and expressing significant levels of rab7, a late endosome-specific GTP-binding protein. The cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor

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30

Wang, Xiao Wei, Hai Bing Hu, Jun Qin, and Yong Ming Zhang. "A New Method to Detect Fire and Alarm in Confined Space Based on Electronic Nose." Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (August 2013): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.383.

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This paper presents a new method to detect fire and alarm in confined space based on electronic nose. Common confined space includes some distribution cabinet, machine room, warehouse, air cargo compartment and spacecraft cabin, etc. Combined with the characteristics of the confined space, a fire detection and alarm system is schematically designed. This system is based on electronic nose and is an aspirated configuration. With this system, this method adopts PNN as the recognition algorithm, and introduces steady status and warning time to the monitoring host. The CO, O2, CO2and temperature a

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31

Deenen, G. J., S. V. Hunt, and D. Opstelten. "A stathmokinetic study of B lymphocytopoiesis in rat bone marrow: proliferation of cells containing cytoplasmic mu-chains, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and carrying HIS24 antigen." Journal of Immunology 139, no. 3 (1987): 702–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.139.3.702.

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Abstract In rat bone marrow (BM), the B lineage surface antigen HIS24 is expressed by all surface mu chain-bearing (s mu+) B cells, by cytoplasmic mu chain-containing (c mu+s mu-) pre-B cells and TdT+ cells, and by lymphoid cells lacking both mu and TdT. Because TdT+ and HIS24+TdT-mu- cells may represent stages in B lymphocytopoiesis before mu chain expression, we investigated their kinetics. The metaphase arrest method was combined with immunofluorescence staining to detect proliferation and to quantitate cell production in the BM pre-B, TdT+, and HIS24+TdT-mu- compartments. Their apparent ce

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Pretrel, Hugues, and Laurent Audouin. "Periodic puffing instabilities of buoyant large-scale pool fires in a confined compartment." Journal of Fire Sciences 31, no. 3 (2012): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904112462361.

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Seidenbecher, Constanze I., Kristina Langnaese, Lydia Sanmartı́-Vila, et al. "Caldendrin, a Novel Neuronal Calcium-binding Protein Confined to the Somato-dendritic Compartment." Journal of Biological Chemistry 273, no. 33 (1998): 21324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.33.21324.

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34

Chen, Xiao, Shouxiang Lu, Xiaomin Wang, Kim Meow Liew, Changhai Li, and Jiaqing Zhang. "Pulsation Behavior of Pool Fires in a Confined Compartment with a Horizontal Opening." Fire Technology 52, no. 2 (2015): 515–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10694-015-0484-z.

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Gantert, Markus, Reint K. Jellema, Heike Heineman, et al. "Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Chorioamnionitis Is Confined to One Amniotic Compartment in Twin Pregnant Sheep." Neonatology 102, no. 2 (2012): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000338015.

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Butler, C., and D. Newport. "Experimental and numerical analysis of thermally dissipating equipment in an aircraft confined compartment." Applied Thermal Engineering 73, no. 1 (2014): 869–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.08.035.

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Altabef, M., J. D. Clarke, and C. Tickle. "Dorso-ventral ectodermal compartments and origin of apical ectodermal ridge in developing chick limb." Development 124, no. 22 (1997): 4547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.22.4547.

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We wish to understand how limbs are positioned with respect to the dorso-ventral axis of the body in vertebrate embryos, and how different regions of limb bud ectoderm, i.e. dorsal ectoderm, apical ridge and ventral ectoderm, originate. Signals from dorsal and ventral ectoderm control dorso-ventral patterning while the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) controls bud outgrowth and patterning along the proximo-distal axis. We show, using cell-fate tracers, the existence of two distinct ectodermal compartments, dorsal versus ventral, in both presumptive limb and flank of early chick embryos. This orga

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Cammann, Jan, Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl, Tanya Ostapenko, Danylo Lavrentovich, Oliver Bäumchen, and Marco G. Mazza. "Emergent probability fluxes in confined microbial navigation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 39 (2021): e2024752118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024752118.

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When the motion of a motile cell is observed closely, it appears erratic, and yet the combination of nonequilibrium forces and surfaces can produce striking examples of organization in microbial systems. While most of our current understanding is based on bulk systems or idealized geometries, it remains elusive how and at which length scale self-organization emerges in complex geometries. Here, using experiments and analytical and numerical calculations, we study the motion of motile cells under controlled microfluidic conditions and demonstrate that probability flux loops organize active moti

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Calef, Richard S., Michael C. Choban, Katherine R. Glenney, Ruth A. Calef, Julie N. Godbey, and Ila M. Hislrman. "Delay of Reinforcement Effects: Timing of Reinforcement or Narrow Goal-Box Confinement." Psychological Reports 87, no. 3 (2000): 988–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3.988.

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The present experiment investigated whether narrow goal-box confinement in studies of delay of reinforcement in the runway may have had aversive or punishing effects. Analysis showed no difference in performance between groups of rats who were either confined in a narrow goal-box or a large compartment while receiving their delay of reinforcement. The results suggest that narrow goal-box confinement does not have aversive characteristics.

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Han, Yihang, and Wensheng Wang. "Identification System for Electric Bicycle in Compartment Elevators." Electronics 14, no. 13 (2025): 2638. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14132638.

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Electric bicycles in elevators pose serious safety hazards. Fires in the confined space make escape difficult, and recent accidents involving e-bike fires have caused casualties and property damage. To prevent e-bikes from entering elevators and improve public safety, this design employs the Nezha development board as the upper computer for visual detection. It uses deep learning algorithms to recognize hazards like e-bikes. The lower computer orchestrates elevator controls, including voice alarms, door locking, and emergency halt. The system comprises two parts: the upper computer uses the YO

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Dong, Qiwei, Yanfeng Li, Junmei Li, Fei Xie, Desheng Xu, and Zhihe Su. "The Influence of Confined Space Size on the Temperature Distribution Characteristics of Internal Window Plume from Well-Ventilated Compartment Fires." Fire 7, no. 5 (2024): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire7050158.

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In this research, the influence of confined space size on the temperature distribution characteristics of internal window plumes from well-ventilated compartment fires was studied. Theoretical analysis was firstly used to establish a mathematical model for the smoke after ejecting from the window in the space. The study considered fire heat release rate and vertical height as dependent variables. Numerical simulations and experimental methods were carried out to study the temperature variations. A critical distance L2 was obtained. Results show that when the space D between the vertical retain

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Huang, Xianjia, Zhaoying Ren, He Zhu, Lan Peng, Chihonn Cheng, and Wanki Chow. "A modified zone model on vertical cable tray fire in a confined compartment in the nuclear power plant." Journal of Fire Sciences 36, no. 6 (2018): 472–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904118800648.

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Room fire with vertical cable tray involves upward flame spread along the cable. Assessing the vertical cable tray fire hazard in confined spaces has been challenging because of the strong coupling between flame spread and heat transfer. Long computing time is required in using sophisticated field model with computational fluid dynamics. Therefore, developing an appropriate zone model in a cable room fire with experimental validation is required for engineering applications. In this study, a vertical cable tray fire in a confined compartment was simulated using a modified zone model along thre

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Mayer, Gaétan, and Moïse Bendayan. "Biotinyl–Tyramide: A Novel Approach for Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 45, no. 11 (1997): 1449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215549704501101.

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The biotinyl–tyramide protocol recently introduced for sensitive light microscopic immunocytochemistry was applied to electron microscopy and revealed various tissue antigens with high resolution. The protocol consists of an indirect method in which thin tissue sections are incubated successively within a specific primary antibody, followed by a biotinylated secondary antibody, streptavidin–HRP, and then finally with biotinyl–tyramide. The reaction product appears as a dense filamentous material that is deposited over particular cellular compartments. The labeling obtained for the antigens tes

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Sadoni, Nicolas, Sabine Langer, Christine Fauth, et al. "Nuclear Organization of Mammalian Genomes." Journal of Cell Biology 146, no. 6 (1999): 1211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.146.6.1211.

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We investigated the nuclear higher order compartmentalization of chromatin according to its replication timing (Ferreira et al. 1997) and the relations of this compartmentalization to chromosome structure and the spatial organization of transcription. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive and integrated view on the relations between chromosome structure and functional nuclear architecture. Using different mammalian cell types, we show that distinct higher order compartments whose DNA displays a specific replication timing are stably maintained during all interphase stages. The organizational

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Bagnato, Giulia, Martina Leopizzi, Enrica Urciuoli, and Barbara Peruzzi. "Nuclear Functions of the Tyrosine Kinase Src." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8 (2020): 2675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082675.

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Src is the representative member of the Src-family kinases (SFKs), a group of tyrosine kinases involved in several cellular processes. Its main function has been for long confined to the plasma membrane/cytoplasm compartment, being a myristoylated protein anchored to the cell membrane and functioning downstream to receptors, most of them lacking intrinsic kinase activity. In the last decades, new roles for some SFKs have been described in the nuclear compartment, suggesting that these proteins can also be involved in directly regulating gene transcription or nucleoskeleton architecture. In thi

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Drews, Oliver, Öznur Singin, and Markus Islinger. "Identifikation peroxisomaler Proteine durch quantitative SWATH-MS." BIOspektrum 30, no. 7 (2024): 772–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12268-024-2338-z.

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AbstractOrganelle proteomics is a valuable approach to identify novel proteins in a confined cellular compartment thereby increasing our understanding of the function of individual organelles in cellular metabolism or signaling. A major obstacle in annotating organelle proteomes by mass spectrometry(MS)-based proteomics is to distinguish between true organelle constituents and contaminants co-purified during fractionation. Here we give a short summary on a recently developed quantitative SWATH-MS approach to characterize the proteome of peroxisomes from mouse liver.

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Pol, Erwan, Etienne Côme, Zaha Merlaud, et al. "NKCC1 and KCC2 Chloride Transporters Have Different Membrane Dynamics on the Surface of Hippocampal Neurons." Cells 12, no. 19 (2023): 2363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12192363.

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Na-K-2Cl cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) regulates chloride influx in neurons and thereby GABAA receptor activity in normal and pathological conditions. Here, we characterized in hippocampal neurons the membrane expression, distribution and dynamics of exogenous NKCC1a and NKCC1b isoforms and compared them to those of the chloride extruder K-Cl cotransporter 2 (KCC2). We found that NKCC1a and NKCC1b behave quite similarly. NKCC1a/1b but not KCC2 are present along the axon initial segment where they are confined. Moreover, NKCC1a/1b are detected in the somato-dendritic compartment at a lower level than

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Ritzenthaler, C., C. Laporte, F. Gaire, et al. "Grapevine Fanleaf Virus Replication Occurs on Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Membranes." Journal of Virology 76, no. 17 (2002): 8808–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.17.8808-8819.2002.

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ABSTRACT Infection by Grapevine fanleaf nepovirus (GFLV), a bipartite RNA virus of positive polarity belonging to the Comoviridae family, causes extensive cytopathic modifications of the host endomembrane system that eventually culminate in the formation of a perinuclear “viral compartment.” We identified by immunoconfocal microscopy this compartment as the site of virus replication since it contained the RNA1-encoded proteins necessary for replication, newly synthesized viral RNA, and double-stranded replicative forms. In addition, by using transgenic T-BY2 protoplasts expressing green fluore

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Sako, Y., and A. Kusumi. "Barriers for lateral diffusion of transferrin receptor in the plasma membrane as characterized by receptor dragging by laser tweezers: fence versus tether." Journal of Cell Biology 129, no. 6 (1995): 1559–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.129.6.1559.

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Our previous results indicated that the plasma membrane of cultured normal rat kidney fibroblastic cell is compartmentalized for diffusion of receptor molecules, and that long-range diffusion is the result of successive intercompartmental jumps (Sako, Y. and Kusumi, A. 1994. J. Cell Biol. 125:1251-1264). In the present study, we characterized the properties of intercompartmental boundaries by tagging transferrin receptor (TR) with either 210-nm-phi latex or 40-nm-phi colloidal gold particles, and by dragging the particle-TR complexes laterally along the plasma membrane using laser tweezers. Ap

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Prétrel, H., W. Le Saux, and L. Audouin. "Pressure variations induced by a pool fire in a well-confined and force-ventilated compartment." Fire Safety Journal 52 (August 2012): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2012.04.005.

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