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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conflict compromise

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Academic literature on the topic 'Conflict compromise'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Conflict compromise"

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Chan, Jeffrey Kok Hui, and Jean-Pierre Protzen. "Between conflict and consensus: Searching for an ethical compromise in planning." Planning Theory 17, no. 2 (December 22, 2016): 170–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095216684531.

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To resolve conflicts and disagreements in planning, a compromise is often necessary. Where immediate consensus is unlikely and where antagonistic conflicts can lead to worse outcomes, a compromise is especially valued. Yet a compromise is also likely the least desired resolution, except for failure to reach a resolution. In this way, a compromise educes a mixed morality: A compromise has to presume some cooperative goodwill, yet forging a compromise often means violating important principles or abandoning some desired goods. If planners compromise, then this compromise ought to be an ethical one. But what is an ethical compromise in planning? In this article, we examine three cases of planning conflict: namely, the case of the Storm Surge Barriers in the Eastern Scheldt, the Netherlands; the case of the Cross Island Line in Singapore; and, finally, the case of the Calamity Polders, the Netherlands. Through these case studies, we draw out and illustrate three different ideal types of compromises important to planning and further describe the practical and ethical implications of a compromise.

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Day, J. P. "Compromise." Philosophy 64, no. 250 (October 1989): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100044247.

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Human conflict and its resolution is obviously a subject of great practical importance. Equally obviously, it is a vast subject, ranging from total war at one end of the spectrum to negotiated settlement at its other end. The literature on the subject is correspondingly vast and, in recent times, technical, thanks to the valuable contributions made to it by game theorists, economists, and writers on industrial and international relations. In this essay, however, I shall discuss only one familiar form of conflict-resolution. There is room for such a discussion, because philosophers have lately neglected compromise, despite the interest shown in it by the aforementioned experts, and despite the classic treatments of it by Halifax, Burke and Morley. Truly, ‘…compromise is not so widely discussed by philosophers as one might expect’, and ‘…the idea of compromise has been largely neglected by Anglo-American jurisprudence’.

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Bobrovnyk, S. V. "Legal relations in the field of legal conflict and compromise: features, content and practical significance." ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE LEGAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE STATE, no. 13 (October 2022): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2022-13-8.

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The relevance of a comprehensive study of the phenomena of compromise and conflict relations is due to the lack of special studies of the concept, features, content and nature of these categories, the prospects for the use of compromise relations in practice to overcome conflict situations. Analyzing the various scientific approaches to understanding conflicting relationships, we can conclude that the most common are: Conflict approach, activity approach, material approach, formal (procedural) approach. Based on existing approaches to understanding conflict relationships and their features, we will try to identify the most inherent features: first, the subject is social or material values, about which there are conflict situations; secondly, encourage the mobilization of legal relations; third, accompanied by increased emotionality of participants; fourth, determined by objective and subjective preconditions; fifth, it is both bilateral and multilateral; sixth, the confrontation of values and intentions of the participants; seventh, they may be latent or overt. These features of the manifestation of conflicting legal relations are the basis for determining their legal nature. In our opinion, the characteristic features of compromise legal relations include the following: is a prerequisite for resolving conflicting legal relations; can be directed both to a specific subject and to an indefinite number of persons; a necessary condition for the emergence, change and termination of compromise legal relations is the presence of a compromise rule; a necessary condition for a compromise legal relationship is the presence of agreement between their participants; aimed at regulating, protecting and defending the rights and freedoms of participants; compromise legal relations are a legal mechanism for regulating the consent of the subjects; Legal conflict and legal compromise are manifested in various types of legal relations, in particular in their content through forms of realization of rights. At the same time, the main types of forms of realization of rights in the presence of legal conflicts are their implementation and observance. Legal conflicts, the dynamics of which is carried out within the framework of compliance with legal norms is directly related to their use. This is due to the fact that each right of one entity corresponds to the corresponding duty of another. Such legal conflicts within the framework of the above forms of law enforcement exist in all branches of law. The most common means of compromising the right to compromise conflicts that arise when participants exercise their rights and perform their duties are: making changes and additions to the law; adoption of law enforcement decisions by specially authorized entities, first of all, competent bodies in resolving conflict situations, in particular by courts; the need to take into account foreign experience in resolving anthological conflict situations, etc. – definition of measures and forms of guarantee of the reached agreement. Thus, the structural and functional elements of a legal compromise include: the existence of a conflict situation that requires resolution; goal; the initiator of the compromise agreement; determination of the criterion of the moment when further intransigence, refusal to mutually discuss ways out of the situation leads to significant personal material and moral losses; psychological and intellectual willingness to cooperate on terms of compromise; voluntary compromise decision-making; preparation for a compromise decision and determination of the essence of the compromise agreement with discussion of the content of concessions; independence of the choice of the decision-making option by the parties; concluding a compromise agreement; creating conditions for the impossibility of evading the implementation of the compromise agreement; obtaining positive consequences as the end result of a compromise in the form of a desired interest, a positive moral and psychological state. Certain elements of compromise are interconnected, have their own logic of interaction and, in fact, constitute a specific effective regulatory mechanism, born in the practice of human life. This mechanism has a structure of a linear type that corresponds to logic: from goal-setting to the fastest achievement of the goal with the least losses - psychological, material, time, and so on. Key words: legal conflict, legal compromise, legal relations, content of legal relations, conflict situation.

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ROAZEN, PAUL. "Conflict and Compromise: Therapeutic Implications." American Journal of Psychiatry 149, no. 9 (September 1992): 1269—a—1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.149.9.1269-a.

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Ginges, Jeremy, Scott Atran, Douglas Medin, and Khalil Shikaki. "Sacred bounds on rational resolution of violent political conflict." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 18 (April 25, 2007): 7357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701768104.

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We report a series of experiments carried out with Palestinian and Israeli participants showing that violent opposition to compromise over issues considered sacred is (i) increased by offering material incentives to compromise but (ii) decreased when the adversary makes symbolic compromises over their own sacred values. These results demonstrate some of the unique properties of reasoning and decision-making over sacred values. We show that the use of material incentives to promote the peaceful resolution of political and cultural conflicts may backfire when adversaries treat contested issues as sacred values.

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Przeworski, Adam. "Consensus, Conflict, and Compromise in Western." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2, no. 5 (2010): 7042–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.05.058.

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FIRESTONE, CHRIS L. "Kant and religion: conflict or compromise?" Religious Studies 35, no. 2 (June 1999): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412599004771.

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The standard reading of Kant presumes that ‘the moral hypothesis’ is a necessary and sufficient condition for understanding his philosophy of religion. This paper opens with the assumption – taken from one of Kant's last works – that philosophy and theology must always remain in conflict. Then, by way of an abductive comparison of the positions of Ronald M. Green and John Hick, I demonstrate that the moral hypothesis leads to religious compromises that contradict this assumption. To conclude, I argue that the motif of transformation is syptomatic of the underlying problem and suggest that it be replaced by the motif of transition.

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Brenner, Charles. "Conflict, Compromise Formation, and Structural Theory." Psychoanalytic Quarterly 71, no. 3 (July 2002): 397–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2167-4086.2002.tb00519.x.

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Opricovic, Serafim. "Compromise in cooperative game and the VIKOR method." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 19, no. 2 (2009): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor0902225o.

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Five approaches in conflict resolution are distinguished, based on cooperativeness and aggressiveness in resolving conflict. Compromise based on cooperativeness is emphasized here as a solution in conflict resolution. Cooperative game theory oriented towards aiding the conflict resolution is considered and the compromise value for TU(transferable utility)-game is presented. The method VIKOR could be applied to determine compromise solution of a multicriteria decision making problem with noncommensurable and conflicting criteria. Compromise is considered as an intermediate state between conflicting objectives or criteria reached by mutual concession. The applicability of the cooperative game theory and the VIKOR method for conflict resolution is illustrated.

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Lachowska, Bogusława. "Conflict styles and outcomes in parent-adolescent relationship and adolescent family satisfaction." Polish Journal of Applied Psychology 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjap-2015-0051.

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Abstract In my article I identified the meaning of conflict in parent-adolescent relationship for adolescent family satisfaction. It was found that family satisfaction is positively related to seeking compromise by the parents, as well as being negatively related to parental aggression. Adolescent satisfaction is higher when conflicts with the father more often result in improving their relationship (intimacy), and when conflicts with the mother end less frequently with escalation and frustration. A significant parental behavioral role in conflict with the adolescent was confirmed; however, the strongest predictor of adolescent family satisfaction is in seeking compromise by the father. In accordance with Steinberg’s emotional distancing hypothesis, with the adolescent’s age family satisfaction was found to decrease, and conflicts escalated and frustration in mother-adolescent relationship increased.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conflict compromise"

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Brzozowski, Richard. "Canadian abortion legislation consensus, conflict or compromise?" Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4563.

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Stearne, Katherine Iris. "Water meadows in the landscape : conflict, compromise and change." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406938.

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Rendle, Matthew. "Identity, conflict and compromise : the Russian nobility, 1917-1924." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269822.

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Whitt, Jacqueline Earline. "Conflict and compromise : American military chaplains and the Vietnam war /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1704.

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Whitt, Jacqueline Earline Kohn Richard H. "Conflict and compromise American military chaplains and the Vietnam war /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1704.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History." Discipline: History; Department/School: History.

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Harber, John D. "Conflict and compromise in the southern Philippines : the case of Moro identity." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA349569.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.
"June 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Mary P. Callahan. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-94). Also available online.

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Brown, Caroline Michelle. "Conflict and environmental compromise in the development of the national strategy for rangeland management /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envb877.pdf.

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Dai, Le. "Conflict and Compromise| An Interpretation of the Cultural Identity of Westernized Chinese in Western Concessions." Thesis, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10817632.

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Pratt’s contact zone theory draws researchers’ attention to the initiative and creativity of local cultures in colonized areas. Such features make Pratt’s theory productive in dealing with cultural issues in modern China. Heretofore, people in the process of cultural contact, for instance, Westernized Chinese in concessions, have not been discussed in detail. The concession is a contact zone. The history of the concession in modern China started in the 1840s and ended in the 1940s. The concession is a particular social space for Chinese and Western cultures to meet; in which Western colonizers and Chinese local citizens have direct cultural contact. As products of the contact zone, many Westernized Chinese in concessions actually have dual cultural status. They are both a part of the local culture and a part of the foreign culture. Their unique cultural status is worthy of further analysis. “Fake foreign devil” is a title local Chinese used to describe their Westernized fellows in concessions, suggesting a contradictory attitude the local Chinese held towards these foreignized fellows in the contact zone. The Chinese local community admitted the cultural heterogeneity of those Westernized Chinese, which is the reason those people had been called “foreign.” Meanwhile, their Chinese cultural identity had never been denied, hence the necessity of the “fake” prefix. “Devil” implies the unpleasant relations between these two groups of people. This thesis will use the concept of fake foreign devils as examples to analyze the reaction of local cultural communities when faced with cultural products associated with a bicultural identity from the contact zone. Textual analysis will be the main method utilized. An important result of the cultural contact between Western and Chinese cultures, the Westernized Chinese in concessions and their relative cultural experience will provide a valuable research case for post-colonial theory regarding the intercultural communication that occurred in modern China.

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Treasure, Ian Clements. "The Liberal Education Bills : conflict and compromise in religious issues and Liberal Party educational policies, 1906-1908." Thesis, Open University, 1993. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57427/.

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This study follows the religious and educational issues which formed the background to the Education Bills of the Liberal Government in the period 1906-08. The role of the churches and their place in society in the 19th and early 20th Centuries is outlined. The problems of educational provision and lack of resources through the voluntary agencies is reviewed and the impact of the Education Act of 1870 during the period of the School Board era is considered. The position of the Church of England is outlined alongside the provisions of the Education Act of 1902 and an assessment is made of the working of that Act. The claims and grievances of the Nonconformists are reviewed. The political consequences of the Conservative Government's defeat and the return of a Liberal Government to power in 1906 is outlined together with a review of that Election. The role of the newspapers and the demands of the various bodies with a declared interest in religion and education are considered. A detailed examination of the negotiations undertaken between the Liberal Government and the various denominational interests in their attempts to remedy the Nonconformist grievances over the 1902 Education Act during the period 1906-08 is included. The work of the Archbishop of Canterbury on behalf of the Established Church is closely followed to draw the distinction between those working at the highest level of negotiation and those at grass roots level. The Liberal Government's social reforms and the decline in popularity of the Liberal Party as a vehicle for political Nonconformism is reviewed alongside the stalemate in educational legislation affecting religious issues. The growth of that Government's intervention into the field of social welfare and the lessening impact of religion in the overall life of the Nation is also considered together with a review of changes in attitudes towards religion and its part in educational provision in more recent times.

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Norman, Allen G. "Alternative dispute resolution and public policy conflict: Preemptive dispute resolution negotiated rulemaking." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/928.

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Books on the topic "Conflict compromise"

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Services, ABC-Clio Information, ed. Conflict & compromise: Women's movement. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO, 2007.

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Politics: Conflict and compromise. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1990.

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Scott, Dowling, ed. Conflict and compromise: Therapeutic implications. Madison, Conn: international Universities Press, 1991.

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Kirby, Stephen. The two Koreas: Conflict or compromise? London: Centre for Security and Conflict Studies, 1988.

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Presidents versus Congress: Conflict and compromise. New York: F. Watts, 1994.

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Brewer, John D., ed. The Sociology of Compromise after Conflict. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78744-2.

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Bosso, Christopher J. American government: Conflict, compromise, and citizenship. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000.

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1935-, Bellows Thomas J., ed. Conflict and compromise: An introduction to politics. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 1992.

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Services, ABC-Clio Information, ed. Conflict & compromise in history: The Presidency : resource book. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO, 2007.

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Conflict and compromise: Justice in an Indian village. Berkeley, Calif: Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies, University of California, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conflict compromise"

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Merrick, Janna C. "Conflict, Compromise, and Symbolism." In Compelled Compassion, 35–72. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0409-1_2.

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Longhofer, Jeffrey. "Conflict and compromise formation." In A-Z of Psychodynamic Practice, 40–42. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-03387-1_14.

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Benjamin, Martin. "Conflict, Compromise, and Moral Integrity." In Theology and Medicine, 261–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8244-5_16.

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Jeppsen, Mary L. "Out of Conflict into Compromise." In Working with Co-Parents, 59–71. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315283494-4.

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Karvonen, Lauri. "Finland: From Conflict to Compromise." In Conditions of Democracy in Europe, 1919–39, 129–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333993774_6.

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Brewer, John D. "Towards a Sociology of Compromise." In The Sociology of Compromise after Conflict, 1–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78744-2_1.

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Dudgeon, Katrin, and John D. Brewer. "Victims and Compromise in Northern Ireland." In The Sociology of Compromise after Conflict, 31–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78744-2_2.

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Brewer, John D. "Conclusion: Afterword on the Sociology of Compromise." In The Sociology of Compromise after Conflict, 229–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78744-2_10.

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Hayes, Bernadette C., and John D. Brewer. "The Road to Compromise in Sri Lanka." In The Sociology of Compromise after Conflict, 157–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78744-2_7.

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Graham, Laura K. "Trust as a Compromise Mediator in Northern Ireland’s Victim Support Groups." In The Sociology of Compromise after Conflict, 51–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78744-2_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conflict compromise"

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"Parenthood and Paid Work: Conflict, Compromise and Compatibility." In The 3rd International Conference on Gender Research. ACPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/igr.20.500.

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Stanić, Miloš. "UNITARIZAM VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA – IZMEĐU PREDLAGANOG I USVOJENOG." In 100 GODINA OD VIDOVDANSKOG USTAVA. Faculty of law, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/zbvu21.131s.

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After formation of the state, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, very first step to do was to adopt the new constitution. As a matter of fact, it was not so easy to do, because that piece of work showed all the lines of conflict in the new state. Among others, the basic conflict was between the supporters of the unitary and federal state system. However, despite the fact that, there were some proposals predominantly from Croatia to organize the state according to the federal model, the constitution-maker established a unitary system. In this paper, using the historical and to a lesser extent the normative method, the most basic conceptions of the most important constitutional proposals or projects, which came from both political parties and individuals, are presented. The intention of the author is to show that there were compromise proposals, as well as space to make a compromise. In the end, the author comes to the assumption of whether and to what extent the acceptance of certain federalist aspirations could have had an impact on later, it could be said, relaxation and mitigation of national conflicts. In other words, the author assumes that reaching an initial compromise could be the beginning of a later proper construction of the state structure, because a constitution tailored to the given moment and society has the greatest possibility to achieve its longevity and true realization of the legal order which it establishes.

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Nagy, Attila. "THE NON-APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN POST-CONFLICT DEVELOPMENT." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18834.

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Competition has been claimed to be a very liberal economic tool where market players are meant to be free in arranging their technologies, production and sales on a particular market. In this paper we are developing a new hypothetical of the functioning of market economies which are in a global sense and considering new markets very different and specific. All the global powers, whose centre of influence might change in time, are trying to gain a bigger share regarding raw materials and potential markets. In post-conflicts societies and in particular in our case study of Kosovo and Serbia we can see the more clear market interests of all local, regional and global powers. The research of post-conflict societies is providing us with some answers regarding the possible future developments in certain societies and regions. The EU made Brussels Agreements in Kosovo has managed to establish new enterprises as a solution of a political compromise where energy, telecommunication and natural resources played a key role. The Washington Agreement has liberalized the infrastructure achievements but in some aspects limited the use of energy and telecommunication infrastructure from certain sources. In this sense we can observe the limited capacity of competition rules application in post-conflict societies and in particular Kosovo in this case. These agreements have therefore limited the influence of economic, strategic and energy related influence from main USA competitors which have not been named in the agreements, but are well known. In both agreements it is visible how economic activities and cooperation is encouraged with various non-economic incentives. Competition is accordingly more of a political will than an economic reality for some in post-conflict societies. The introduction of various companies into the Kosovo legal framework and their control by Serbia is an obvious tool how natural resources could be shared for a benefit of citizens where conflict is resolved using free market and competition rules.

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Hemler, Adrian. "Bridging the Public-Private Law Divide in the Conflict of Laws." In COFOLA International 2022. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0231-2022-1.

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As the name suggests, the methodology of private international law relates to substantive private law only. A parallel methodological system regarding public law does not exist. The paper argues that this methodological rift lacks any doctrinal justification. It concludes that there are no obstacles to all-sided conflict of laws rules in the public law domain. Since the paper finds that foreign public law is already applicable in private party cases (albeit heavily obscured), it focuses on public law relationships where a foreign state appears as a plaintiff. In this respect, it is shown why the application of foreign public law embodies an attractive compromise between legal assistance and recognition.

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Grobler, Jacob F., and Schalk Els. "Magneto-Rheological (MR) Valve for Use in Hydro-Pneumatic Suspensions." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47071.

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The suspension design requirements for vehicles that need both good on-road and off-road capabilities as well as vehicles where the payload changes significantly during operation is quite challenging. To overcome the ride comfort vs. handling compromise that most vehicles suffer from some suspension systems offer adjustability and control to overcome this conflict. The uptake of controllable dampers on commercial vehicles, allthough cost effective and technically feasible, have been low mainly because dampers on their own cannot significantly reduce the compromises involved with fully laden vs. empty or on-road vs. off-road use. The University of Pretoria developed a Four State Semi-Active Suspension System (4S4) that allows for the control and adjustability of the stiffness and the damping of the suspension. The 4S4 makes use of solenoid valves of which the response time unfortunately increases with an increase in flow, especially when implemented on larger vehicles, reducing the effectiveness of the control. This paper presents an alternative to the solenoid valves currently used in the 4S4 in the form of a magneto-Rheological (MR) valve that acts as a normal continuously variable MR damper, but also has the ability to virtually block the flow of fluid, thus switching between the two different spring characteristics. Experimental results show that it is indeed possible to replace the solenoid valves with a MR valve.

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Seepersad, Carolyn Conner, Gabriel Hernandez, and Janet K. Allen. "A Quantitative Approach to Determining Product Platform Extent." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dac-14288.

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Abstract In many cases, capabilities for providing product variety may be enhanced efficiently and effectively by creating families of products based on product platforms. However, the actual extent of a product platform — the range of products based upon the platform — is usually determined qualitatively. We present a quantitative method for determining the number of scaleable platforms for a specific market as well as the distribution of products among multiple platforms, recognizing that multiple factors determine optimal platform extent and that these factors often conflict. We model these factors quantitatively, at either the systems level or the individual product level, using the compromise Decision Support Problem including concepts derived from linear physical programming. We apply this approach to an example study of a family of absorption chillers. Our emphasis is on the approach rather than the results, per se.

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See, Tung-King, and Kemper Lewis. "A Decision Support Formulation for Design Teams: A Study in Preference Aggregation and Handling Unequal Group Members." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84766.

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Supporting the decision of a group in engineering design is a challenging and complicated problem when issues like consensus, consistency, conflict, and compromise must be taken into account. In this paper, we present two developments extending the Group Hypothetical Equivalents and Inequivalents Method (Group-HEIM) and making it applicable to new classes of group decision problems. The first extension focuses on handling forms of value functions other than the traditional L1-norm. The second extension focuses on updating the formulation to place unequal importance on the preferences of the group members. Typically, there are some group members whose experience, education, and/or knowledge makes their input more important. The formulation presented in this paper allows team leaders to emphasize the input from certain group members. Illustration and validation of the developments are presented using a vehicle selection problem. Data from twelve engineering design teams is used to demonstrate the application of the method.

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Anapagaddi, Ravikiran, Rishabh Shukla, Sharad Goyal, Amarendra K. Singh, Janet K. Allen, Jitesh H. Panchal, and Farrokh Mistree. "Exploration of the Design Space in Continuous Casting Tundish." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34254.

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Due to the stringent requirements of industry, it has become extremely important to have a careful control over the required performance and properties of steels. Performance and properties of advanced high strength steel depend significantly on its cleanliness. Cleanliness is achieved by restricting the inclusion count to a permissible limit. Over the past few years, there has been increased use of tundish, a device that acts as a buffer between ladle and mold, for controlling inclusions. Apart from facilitating inclusion removal, tundish also maintains low dead volume and thermal and chemical homogeneity, which is required for smooth casting operation. Thus, performance of the tundish operation greatly influences the properties and quality of the cast slab. Tundish performance is generally assessed using parameters such as inclusion removal efficiency, dead volume within tundish and effectiveness in maintaining the desired amount of superheat. But, the aforesaid parameters are conflicting in nature. Managing the conflict and providing a satisficing solution based on the customer requirements become essential. In this paper, we present an approach to manage the conflicts involved in designing a tundish. An integrated framework, by linking meta-models with compromise Decision Support Problem (cDSP) construct, is developed to determine a satisficing solution considering conflicting requirements. The utility of the framework is illustrated by providing decision support when an existing configuration for tundish is unable to meet the requirements. This has been done by exploring the design space of tundish and coming up with a design and operating set points suitable for a particular purpose. This approach can be instantiated for other unit operations involved in steel manufacturing. In the future, each unit operation can be integrated to provide a complete picture of steel manufacturing which in turn will help in reducing the time and cost incurred in the development of new materials and products.

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Shahan, David, and Carolyn C. Seepersad. "Bayesian Networks for Set-Based Collaborative Design." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87541.

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A set-based approach to collaborative design is presented, in which Bayesian networks are used to represent promising regions of the design space. In collaborative design exploration, complex multilevel design problems are often decomposed into distributed subproblems that are linked by shared or coupled parameters. Collaborating designers often prefer conflicting values for these coupled parameters, resulting in incompatibilities that require substantial iteration to resolve, extending the design process lead time without guarantee of achieving a good design. In the proposed approach to collaborative design, each designer builds a locally developed Bayesian network that represents regions of interest in his design space. Then, these local networks are shared and combined with those of collaborating designers to promote more efficient local design space search that takes into account the interests of one’s collaborators. The proposed method has the potential to capture a designer’s preferences for arbitrarily shaped and potentially disconnected regions of the design space in order to identify compatible or conflicting preferences between collaborators and to facilitate a compromise if necessary. It also sets the stage for a flexible and concurrent design process with varying degrees of designer involvement that can support different designer strategies such as hill-climbing or region identification. The potential benefits are the capture of expert knowledge for future use as well as conflict identification and resolution. This paper presents an overview of the proposed method as well as an example implementation for the design of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

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Snyder, Matthew, and Terry Weisshaar. "Flutter and Directional Stability of Aircraft with Wing Tip-Fins - Conflict and Compromises." In 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference
20th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
14th AIAA. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-1455.

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Reports on the topic "Conflict compromise"

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Leslie, Stephen W., and James Ellsworth. Joint Training, Experimentation, and Assessment: Conflict, Compromise, and Culture. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada463659.

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Bull, Benedicte. A Social compromise for the Anthropocene? Elite reactions to the Escazú Agreement and the prospects for a Latin American transformative green state. Fundación Carolina, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfo07en.

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The world is urgently facing the need for a “green transformation”, involving not only a transition towards the use renewable energy and reduction of biodiversity loss, but a deep social change towards social justice and sustainability. Such action requires social compromises between elites and popular sectors that allow the building of strong institutions to implement changes. Latin America is faced with huge tasks to increase equality, justice and sustainability, but it also plays a pivotal role in the global green transformation. The region is further characterized by both strong elites, strong socio-environmental movements and deep environmental conflicts making social compromises difficult. This Working Paper discusses elite reactions to the most advanced regional agreement on environmental regulation and conflict resolution, the Escazù Agreement. In many countries, elites opposed it vehemently referring to national sovereignty, but particularly rejecting the institutional implications of the agreement involving a stronger compromise to allow popular participation. This was opposed by economic elites in democratic countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Peru) as well as governmental elites in authoritarian countries (El Salvador and Venezuela). However, in various cases, elite opposition was overcome after popular mobilization and dialogue. The paper discusses what we can learn from elite reactions to the Escazú Agreement of importance for future social compromises as a basis for the emergence for transformative states in Latin America.

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Bull, Benedicte. ¿Un compromiso social para el Antropoceno? Reacciones de las élites al Acuerdo de Escazú y las posibilidades de un Estado verde transformador latinoamericano. Fundación Carolina, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfo07.

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El mundo enfrenta con urgencia la necesidad de una “transformación verde”, que implica no solo una transición hacia el uso de energías renovables y la reducción de la pérdida de biodiversidad, sino también un profundo cambio social hacia la justicia social y la sostenibilidad. Ello requiere de compromisos sociales entre élites y sectores populares que permitan construir instituciones fuertes para implementar cambios. América Latina afronta enormes desafíos para aumentar la igualdad, la justicia y la sostenibilidad, pero también puede jugar un papel fundamental en la transformación verde global. La región también se caracteriza por tener élites robustas, fuertes movimientos socioambientales y profundos conflictos ambientales, que dificultan los compromisos sociales. Este documento analiza las reacciones de las élites al acuerdo regional más avanzado sobre regulación ambiental y resolución de conflictos, el Acuerdo de Escazù. En muchos países, las élites se opusieron con vehemencia, arguyendo la injerencia sobre su soberanía nacional, pero rechazando particularmente las implicaciones institucionales del acuerdo que suponen un mayor compromiso para permitir la participación popular. A esto se opusieron las élites económicas de los países democráticos (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica y Perú), así como las élites gubernamentales de los países autoritarios (El Salvador y Venezuela). Sin embargo, en varios casos, la oposición de las élites fue superada gracias a la movilización social y al diálogo. Este documento analiza los aprendizajes de las reacciones de las élites al Acuerdo de Escazú ante futuros compromisos sociales como base para el surgimiento de Estados transformadores en América Latina.

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Egemen Okte, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Qingwen Zhou, and Watheq Sayeh. Truck-Platoonable Pavement Sections in Illinois’ Network. Illinois Center for Transportation, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-002.

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Truck platooning has many benefits over traditional truck mobility. Literature shows that platooning improves safety and reduces fuel consumption between 5% and 15% based on platoon configuration. In Illinois, trucks carry more than 50% of freight tonnage and constitute 25% of the traffic on interstates. Deployment of truck platooning within interstate highways would result in significant fuel savings, but may have a direct impact on flexible pavement performance. The channelization of the platoon and reduced rest time between consecutive loads would accelerate the damage accumulation at the channelized position. Ultimately, this would lead to pavement service life reduction and a subsequent increase in maintenance and rehabilitation costs. Therefore, the main objective of this project is to quantify the effects of platooning on flexible pavements and provide guidelines for the state of Illinois by considering the aforementioned factors. Although the benefits of platooning are quantifiable, not every truck route is platoonable. For efficient platooning, trucks need to travel at a constant high speed for extended distances. The integrity of the platoon should be preserved because interfering vehicles would compromise the platooning benefits and road safety. An introduced high-level approach considers the volume/capacity of a roadway and the expected number of highway exit and entry conflicts. Using these parameters, each roadway section is assigned a level of platoonability, ranging from one to five—with five being the highest. A framework was developed to analyze the Illinois highway network. It was found that 89% of the network highway is platoonable under average capacity conditions.

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Flandin, Simon, Germain Poizat, and Romuald Perinet. Proactivité et réactivité: deux orientations pour concevoir des dispositifs visant le développement de la sécurité industrielle par la formation. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/948rpn.

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In a world exposed to uncertainty and upsets, the development of organizational resilience is often proposed to improve performance. Intended as a complement – but also sometimes as a counterpoint – to management approaches based on anticipation and preparedness, resilience-based approaches aim to improve the ability of professionals to react in an opportune manner to extraordinary and unexpected situations. Despite increasing interest for this change in paradigm, few concrete case studies have been documented. The work presented in this document explores the possibilities offered by new training modalities, for and using resilience, which aim to improve the ability of professionals to produce safety in work situations. The work is part of a research project called FOResilience, led by Simon Flandin and Germain Poizat at the University of Geneva, which was partially funded by the FonCSI. Three characteristics of the authors’ approach are worth emphasizing: - They adopt a broad definition of “training”, which includes professional development activities and organizational interventions, with a particular interest for methods that differ from classical classroom-based training, such as crisis exercises, discussion forums, coaching, and collective analysis of work situations. - They are more interested in activities and methods that develop professionals’ ability to interpret ambiguous situations and to act and cooperate in unexpected or critical situations, than in activities that promote a quasi-mechanical execution of a procedure or deployment of a pre-established plan. - They see safety as resulting as much from the daily work activities that develop professionals’ ability to act in appropriate ways in a constantly evolving context, as from the initial safe system design and careful implementation of operating procedures that cover all possible situations. Two families of training/intervention methods are analyzed: - Methods that develop proactivity in routine situations, the daily activities that create conditions which are favourable to safe operations. These include different forms of discussion between professionals that aim to improve the shared understanding of goal conflicts, of the decisions and compromises made, the difficulties encountered (such as procedures that are inappropriate in certain situations) and improvement opportunities. - Methods that encourage reactivity in extraordinary or critical situations and the ability to bounce back after a critical organizational upset. These include various simulation-based methods, such as crisis exercises, though designed to improve the ability of professionals to make sense of and react in appropriate ways to unexpected events, rather than the classical objective of exercises to check correct execution of a predefined plan.

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El derecho de tenencia colectiva en los acuerdos de paz y los compromisos hacia la política climática en Colombia. Rights and Resources Initiative, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/gjkd3577.

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Entre junio y agosto de 2016, el gobierno colombiano realizó dos anuncios que marcarán cambios transcendentales en la historia del país. Tras cuatro años de negociación de paz con la guerrilla de las FARC, el Presidente Santos anunció el Acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, dando pasos definitivos hacia el fin a unos de los conflictos internos más largos de la historia de las Américas. Meses previos a este anuncio, el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible lanzó oficialmente el Programa Visión Amazonía 2020, como un modelo de desarrollo sostenible de bajo carbono para la región amazónica y como parte de los compromisos nacionales de reducir el 20% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero para el año 2030. Ambos anuncios, ligados a profundos cambios históricos en el país, generarán nuevas propuestas de desarrollo sostenible, agrario y de acceso a la tierra, además de cambios institucionales para responder de manera efectiva a los nuevos retos y oportunidades. Puesto que su implementación converge en los territorios de las diversas poblaciones rurales y étnicas del país, se requiere el abordaje directo de un tema decisivo: el papel que juega la seguridad de los derechos de tenencia colectiva de las comunidades indígenas y afrodescendientes. Este tema será integral para la efectiva implementación de las políticas del post-acuerdo, y las relativas al cambio climático, así como para la sostenibilidad económica, social, ambiental y de justicia social.

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Memorias sobre ciclo de foros de víctimas pertenecientes a las Fuerzas Militares, a la Policía Nacional y sus familias durante el conflicto armado en Colombia. Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18359/docinst.6265.

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En el marco del compromiso de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada con el país y la formación de ciudadanos íntegros que contribuyan de manera positiva a la sociedad, el Instituto de Estudios Geoestratégicos y Asuntos Políticos (IEGAP), en cabeza de su Director, Señor MG ® Gustavo Adolfo Ocampo Nahar, creó un espacio de escucha que sirvió como escenario para resaltar los testimonios de las víctimas del conflicto armado pertenecientes a las Fuerzas Militares, a la Policía Nacional y sus familias. Durante tres días se desarrolló de manera virtual, por medio del canal de YouTube del Aula Máxima de nuestra Universidad, un ciclo de foros en el que se contó con la participación de delegados de diferentes entidades nacionales y víctimas de distintos hechos victimizantes. En el primer foro se trató el secuestro, el desplazamiento y la desaparición forzada; en el segundo se hizo referencia a las masacres contra integrantes de la Fuerza Pública, y en el tercero se contempló lo concerniente a homicidios, minas antipersonales (MAP) y ataques indiscriminados. Estos espacios de escucha, valiosos para la construcción de la memoria histórica de nuestro país, se enfocaron en realizar aportes significativos a la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento de la Verdad, la Convivencia y la No Repetición (Comisión de la Verdad), en el proceso de reconocimiento de los miembros de las Fuerzas Militares y Policía Nacional como víctimas ante los mecanismos del Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición, visibilizando sus relatos, los cuales se han contemplado de manera diferencial, porque se ha desconocido en muchos escenarios, que antes de su condición de miembros de la Fuerza Pública, son ciudadanos y han sufrido igual que el resto de los colombianos, los rigores de la violencia. La relación histórica de la Universidad Militar con el Sector Defensa ha permitido la creación de lazos que se fortalecen por medio de la academia y la búsqueda continua de espacios que aporten, desde todos los sectores de la sociedad, a una paz estable, duradera y en la cual estén en el centro las víctimas, sin discriminación alguna. El periodo de transición al que se enfrenta el país tras el proceso de negociación y firma del Acuerdo de Paz, derivó en la creación y puesta en marcha de un marco normativo bajo la sombrilla del Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición, con instituciones como la Comisión de la Verdad, la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP) y la Unidad de búsqueda de personas dadas por desaparecidas (UBPD) en el contexto y en razón del conflicto armado, cruciales para la transformación de la sociedad y la dignificación de las víctimas; la construcción de la verdad histórica ha supuesto también el fortalecimiento de entidades como el Centro Nacional de Memoria Histórica, para la recuperación y conservación de los relatos de los colombianos que han vivido de manera directa el conflicto. Es por lo anterior que el IEGAP contó con representantes y delegados de estas Instituciones, que durante todo el ciclo de conferencias contextualizaron a los asistentes sobre la importancia de este proceso de transición y escucharon los testimonios de las víctimas, visibilizando así la importancia de incluir a todos los sectores de la sociedad en la reconstrucción de los hechos que han marcado la historia de nuestro país.

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