Academic literature on the topic 'Conflict Diamonds'

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Journal articles on the topic "Conflict Diamonds"

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Koyame, Mungbalemwe. "United Nations Resolutions and the Struggle to Curb the Illicit Trade in Conflict Diamonds in Sub-Saharan Africa." African Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 2 (2005): 80–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221097312x13397499736020.

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AbstractThis article examines the extent to which revenues from the trade in rough diamonds have funded civil war in African countries and the difficulties encountered by the United Nations in putting an end to it. As case studies, the article considers the conflicts in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sierra Leone where the illicit trade in rough diamonds, also referred to as “conflict diamonds” or “blood diamonds,” provided most of the funds used by rebel groups in their war efforts. The article further examines the role played by the diamond industry, the international community and diamond importing countries such as the United States and Belgium in the trade of conflict diamonds. The article concludes that several resolutions passed by the United Nations Security Council concerning “conflict diamonds” were at times not successful because of indifference on the part of the international community.
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Redfearn, Suz. "Conflict Diamonds." Optics and Photonics News 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.13.2.000020.

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Rodgers, Elizabeth J. A. "Conflict diamonds." Journal of Financial Crime 13, no. 3 (July 2006): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13590790610678350.

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Olsson, Ola. "Conflict diamonds." Journal of Development Economics 82, no. 2 (March 2007): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.07.004.

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Rigterink, Anouk S. "Diamonds, Rebel’s and Farmer’s Best Friend: Impact of Variation in the Price of a Lootable, Labor-intensive Natural Resource on the Intensity of Violent Conflict." Journal of Conflict Resolution 64, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 90–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002719849623.

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This article investigates the impact of the world price of a “lootable,” labor-intensive natural resource on intensity of violent conflict. Results suggest that a price increase can have opposite effects at different geographical levels of analysis: a decrease in conflict intensity overall in resource-rich countries, but an increase in conflict intensity in resource-rich subnational regions. The article argues that intensity of violence decreases overall due to rising opportunity costs of rebellion but that violence concentrates in resource-rich areas as returns to looting rise. The article introduces a new measure of diamond propensity based on geological characteristics, which is arguably exogenous to conflict and can capture small-scale labor-intensive production better than existing measures. The stated effects are found for secondary diamonds, which are lootable and related to opportunity costs of fighting, but not for primary diamonds, which are neither.
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Le Billon, Philippe. "Diamond Wars? Conflict Diamonds and Geographies of Resource Wars." Annals of the Association of American Geographers 98, no. 2 (April 14, 2008): 345–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00045600801922422.

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D'Angelo, Lorenzo. "WHO OWNS THE DIAMONDS? THE OCCULT ECO-NOMY OF DIAMOND MINING IN SIERRA LEONE." Africa 84, no. 2 (April 9, 2014): 269–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972013000752.

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ABSTRACTMuch of the literature on Sierra Leonean diamonds focuses on the role that this mineral resource played in the recent civil conflict (1991–2002). However, the political-economic perspective that is common to these analyses has lost sight of the main actors in this social reality. What do miners think of diamonds? Like their Malagasy colleagues engaged in the search for sapphires, the Sierra Leonean diamond miners often maintain that they do not know what diamonds could possibly be used for. What is specific to the diamond mining areas in this West African country is that suspicions and fantasies about the uses of diamonds go hand in hand with the idea that these precious stones belong to invisible spiritual entities known locally as djinns ordεbul dεn. Although this article aims to analyse the occult imaginary of diamond miners, it takes a different stand from the occult economies approach. By combining a historical-imaginative perspective with a historical and ecological one, this article intends to highlight the indissoluble interweaving of material and imaginative processes of artisanal diamond production in the context of Sierra Leone's mines.
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Ylönen, Aleksi. "Conflict diamonds ‘alive and well’." African Security Review 21, no. 3 (September 2012): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10246029.2012.685482.

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Gilmore, Elisabeth, Nils Petter Gleditsch, Päivi Lujala, and Jan Ketil Rod. "Conflict Diamonds: A New Dataset." Conflict Management and Peace Science 22, no. 3 (July 2005): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07388940500201003.

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McManus, Catherine E., Nancy J. McMillan, James Dowe, and Julie Bell. "Diamonds Certify Themselves: Multivariate Statistical Provenance Analysis." Minerals 10, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10100916.

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The country or mine of origin is an important economic and societal issue inherent in the diamond industry. Consumers increasingly want to know the provenance of their diamonds to ensure their purchase does not support inhumane working conditions. Governments around the world reduce the flow of conflict diamonds via paper certificates through the Kimberley Process, a United Nations mandate. However, certificates can be subject to fraud and do not provide a failsafe solution to stopping the flow of illicit diamonds. A solution tied to the diamonds themselves that can withstand the cutting and manufacturing process is required. Here, we show that multivariate analysis of LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) diamond spectra predicts the mine of origin at greater than 95% accuracy, distinguishes between natural and synthetic stones, and distinguishes between synthetic stones manufactured in different laboratories by different methods. Two types of spectral features, elemental emission peaks and emission clusters from C-N and C-C molecules, are significant in the analysis, indicating that the provenance signal is contained in the carbon structure itself rather than in inclusions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conflict Diamonds"

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Davis, Lori Leigh. "The Kimberley Process and Certificate Scheme : a classical Aristotelian rhetorical analysis of the international tripartite regime against conflict diamonds." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14255.

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Established in 2003, the Kimberley Process (KP) is a binding agreement; backed by the United Nations, that unites civil societies, state actors and the diamond industry to safeguard ‘conflict' diamonds from entering legitimate rough diamond trade around the world. The unique international tripartite organization is voluntary but mandates state participants to abide by the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) minimum requirements in order to stem the financing or wars against legitimate governments. This study represents the first to explore the communications within the KP. The linguistic turn relies on Classical rhetoric theory with an emphasis on Aristotle's three appeals of persuasion (“pisteis”): ethos, logos and pathos of elite actors in the KP. As for the precise nature of the contribution to rhetorical analysis, this project is best characterised as an application of Classical principals of rhetorical analysis, rather than as a development of theory. A comprehensive literature review of the KP and KPCS is another distinctive contribution. Furthermore, this academic endeavour offers a unique method as shown in the observation of a KP Intersessional meeting. Supplementing the qualitative inquiry, semi-structured interviews were conducted with all of the KP groups and included a wide sample of civil society international and national non-government organizations, state actors and industry members otherwise not represented in previous empirical efforts on the subject. The data chapters achieve the primary aim to add to the understanding of the KP. Firstly, the civil societies engage in boycott rhetoric using ethos and negative pathos. As for state actors, the KP Chair exhibits charismatic leadership rhetoric, while ‘recognized' established states use logical reasoning, the ‘outlier' states evoke positive pathos. Lastly, the diamond industry experts appeal to negative emotions, the World Diamond Council to logos, and De Beers to positive emotional appeals. Combined, the rhetoric shows (a) how KP rhētors use different rhetorical strategies; (b) which in turn shape distinct discourses; (c) and contain dissimilar claims; (d) points to different motivations; (e) highlight different identities; (f) reveal key characteristics, and; (g) the nature of relationships within the KP. The organization rhetorical analysis also entails how the multiple KP leaders view the KP and KPCS and change. While the rhetoric helps demonstrate the constraints surrounding the KP and KPCS it also underlines the primary human rights and human security in which they all share. This thesis provides an extended critical view of the rhetoric by connecting Aristotelian pisteis with different conceptions of power outlined by French and Raven (1959) and Lukes (2005/1974). Combined, the rhetoric helps to explain the ways the KP attempts to achieve their specific political and economic goals while also building relationships with their stakeholders. Rhetoric is a worthwhile theory and methodological approach in order to explore organizations. The KP, and other international organizations provide an opportune arena for further rhetorical attention.
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Cooper, Neil. "The Regulation of Conflict Resources: Diamonds in Sierra Leone. Paper for the Transformation of War Economies Seminar, University of Plymouth 16-19 June 2005." University of Bradford, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4020.

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The last few years have seen the emergence of a series of regulatory initiatives that have been developed, partly in response to the twin agendas of human security and strong states, but which represent a specific reaction to the political economies deemed to underpin contemporary civil conflicts ¿ most notably the way in which local and global markets in everything from diamonds to drugs have been exploited to fund often vicious civil conflicts, particularly in environments characterised by endemic corruption. This new body of local and global regulation, what might loosely be characterised as new laws and new codes to address the political economies of the new wars, include: UN embargoes on diamonds and timber being used to fund conflicts, the development of regimes such as the Kimberley certification system, and initiatives to ensure the transparent and effective use of natural resource revenues. Generally represented as a progressive response to the political economies that drive contemporary civil conflicts, these new initiatives have produced a set of formal and informal regulatory frameworks that are, in fact, profoundly asymmetric in their scope and application. Indeed, one of the defining features of these initiatives is not so much the impartial application of regulations to firms and corrupt elites but either their selective application or, alternatively, their selective relegation in favour of an emphasis on far weaker norms and voluntary codes. The aim of this paper then, is first, to examine the operation of the new codes and regulations in general and to demonstrate the problems in their implementation. Second, the paper will then go onto examine one specific innovation ¿ the Kimberley Certification Scheme designed to prevent the trade in conflict diamonds in order to demonstrate the asymmetries that exist in current regulatory mechanisms designed to introduce ethical markets. It will do this in particular by focussing on the impact of certification for the diamond sector in Sierra Leone. A key argument in this section will be that whilst this new regime for conflict diamonds aims to transform behaviour through transparency and policing, and whilst it appears to have had some success, it has not in fact transformed the conditions that gave rise to the illicit diamond trade in Sierra Leone prior to conflict. Along with the problems inherent in broader development policy on Sierra Leone this raises serious questions. In particular, whilst there may be little short-term risk of conflict, the planned departure of UNAMSIL, continued regional instability, persistent corruption and the failure to fundamentally transform the nature of the diamond market in Sierra Leone, all raise question marks regarding the nature (and indeed sustainability) of the peace that is being created.
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Fithen, David Caspar. "Diamonds and war in Sierra Leone : cultural strategies for commercial adaptation to endemic low-intensity conflict." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.300097.

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Muvingi, Ismael James. "Actualizing human rights norms in distanced spaces an analysis of the campaign to eliminate conflict diamonds and the capital market sanctions (Sudan) campaigns in the United States /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/2895.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--George Mason University, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 21, 2008). Thesis director: Agnieszka Paczynska Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Conflict Analysis and Resolution. Vita: p. 375. Includes bibliographical references (p. 350-374). Also available in print.
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Kadiri, Joseph. "The Role of Diamonds in Sierra Leone's History and Conflict. : ''A study based on the West African country Sierra Leone''." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-9320.

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Natural resources as well as mineral resources are one among several important factors needed for the existence of human beings, and many countries which posses few of these resources are likely to improve in development. But the opposite has been seen in many underdeveloped country’s that are rich in natural resources, but they still lack development, and above all they suffer from conflict in their societies.  The aim of this study is to look into the role which diamonds has played in the conflict between Sierra Leonean government and the Revolutionary United Front (RUF). And also to relate the behavior’s of both parties in the 1991 conflict to the issue of greed and grievance in detecting the actual causes. I was able to conclude in my study that diamonds in Sierra Leone was not the main cause of the conflict, but it acted as a propelling factor, due to its ability to prolong the war by generating income for both rebels and government. But grievances emerging from Sierra Leone’s history are more likely to have been the main driving force for the rebellion which took place.
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Pretorius, Rina-Louise. "Polylateralism as diplomatic method : the case of the Kimberley Process, 2000-2002." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25899.

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Examples of state and non-state actors collaborating on issues of global politics abound. Non-state actors are increasingly involved in policy formulation processes, in peace-keeping processes, in human rights and environmental issues by advising governments or inter-governmental organisations. This type of collaboration mostly takes place at the discretion of states. However, non-state actors sometimes appear to initiate diplomatic processes. The Kimberley Process is an example of such a case. States and another non-state actor, namely business, were forced to the negotiating table by NGOs who were effectively raising consumer awareness about the role of diamonds in fuelling conflict and who held the power over launching a possible consumer boycott. Polylateralism is a term that was coined to represent the participation of non-state actors in the conduct of international relations. The study uses the Kimberley Process negotiations from 2000 to 2002 as a case study to analyse the dynamics of polylateral diplomacy by examining the nature and form of interaction between the three sets of actors, namely states, civil society and business in order to understand the role played by each group in both agenda setting and rule making, and the extent to which their interactions conform to the central ideas of polylateralism as advanced by international scholars. In so doing the study examines the evolving mode of interaction between states and non-state actors in the Kimberley Process, the ability of non-state actors to influence diplomatic processes, the extent to which states determined the boundaries of non-state diplomatic involvement and, finally, the limitations of polylateral diplomacy. The study concludes that the apparent increase in collaboration between state and non-state actors in diplomatic processes does not constitute a new method of diplomacy and that this will not change until non-state actors have become recognised polities. It also finds that the involvement of non-state actors in diplomacy, particularly as consumers of diplomatic outcomes is likely to become more-and-more prevalent and that professional diplomats, especially those in developing countries, may have to adapt their working methods in order to benefit from this phenomenon by allowing for a more systematic engagement with non-state actors. Finally, it finds that while the Kimberley Process is a good example of the involvement of non-state actors as producers of diplomatic outcomes, this phenomenon is less likely to reoccur and may well be the exception rather than the rule for the foreseeable future.
Dissertation (MDiplomatic Studies)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Political Sciences
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Previti, Robert. "Effectiveness of the Kimberley Process and Corporate Social Responsibility in the U.S. Jewelry Industry." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2867.

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The United States jewelry industry recognized that the illegal import and trade of conflict diamonds is a matter of serious international and national concern, leading to human rights abuse. As such, human rights and conflicts became the primary impetus for establishing the Kimberly Process (KP) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the effectiveness of the KP and CSR policies in deterring the use of conflict diamonds in the U.S. jewelry industry. This study was an investigation as to whether conflict diamonds are entering the U.S. jewelry supply chain and a review of the ethics of the U.S. jewelry industry in light of the conflict diamond issue. Conflict theory provided the theoretical framework used to gather data on conflict diamond protocols and on corporate social responsibilities within the U.S. jewelry industry. The sample was composed of 59 randomly selected participants from the U.S. jewelry industry whose opinions were indicative of that industry. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Multiple statistical tests were used for the data analysis that included regression and the Mann-Whitney U test. The overall results indicated that the KP and the CSR policies were insignificant in deterring the use of conflict diamonds in the U.S. jewelry industry; therefore, the null hypothesis was retained. This study contributed to a better understanding of the ethical dimensions of conflict diamonds and the committed management practices of the U.S. jewelry industry. Positive social change can be realized when respect for fundamental human rights is achieved by the global diamond industry and becomes a requisite foundation for every society to bring an end to the flow of conflict diamonds.
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Du, Rand Amelia Elizabeth. "From war economies to peace economies : the challenge of post-conflict reconstruction in Sierra Leone." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28089.

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The difficulty of transforming war economies into peace economies has become increasingly problematic in the search for long-term peace and stability in Africa. In many African countries such as Sierra Leone, Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo, conflict actors have created distinct war economies in order to maintain the conflict in these countries. The enduring nature of the war economies presents a unique challenge to actors involved in ensuring that peace returns to a country by applying a peacebuilding strategy. The economic environment during a conflict has a vast influence on a post-conflict economy and a post-conflict reconstruction strategy. Although post-war rebuilding occurred during the reconstruction of Europe and Japan after the Second World War, the terms "post-conflict peacebuilding" and "post-conflict reconstruction" have only came to prominence during the mid-1990s. Using the case study of Sierra Leone, this study explores the challenge of war economies and its impact on post-conflict reconstruction. Sierra Leone presents an appealing case study as the country experienced a very profitable war economy during the armed conflict in the country between 1991 and 2002, and continues to struggle to transform this war economy into a peace economy. The case study of Sierra Leone is well researched, however, most studies focus on the conflict period, and only briefly look at the post-conflict period. In addition, discussions of post-conflict reconstruction in Sierra Leone have failed to adequately address the challenges presented by the war economy. This study uses existing analyses about the war economy in Sierra Leone, and links these to the current post-conflict reconstruction strategy, focusing specifically on the economic dimension. Therefore, this study represents a departure from traditional approaches to exploring war economies because it considers the direct impact these economic systems have on the process of post-conflict reconstruction.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Political Sciences
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Bičová, Martina. "Konfliktné diamanty v subsaharskej Afrike." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-114156.

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The objective of this diploma thesis is to bring different views on the issue of resource dependence and the origins of conflicts connected to the diamonds from Sub-Saharan Africa; and to point out on the existence of conflict diamonds and the disinterest of international forum to solve this problem in the present and in the past. The diploma thesis consists of three chapters. First chapter analyses the resource dependence, conflict and the connection between them. Second chapter is focused on the definition of conflict diamonds, international initiatives and Kimberley Process. Third chapter represents the practical part of this diploma thesis, it analyses two conflicts connected to diamonds, the conflict in Angola and in Sierra Leone.
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SEITZ, WILLIAM HUTCHINS. "THE EFFECTS AND DETERMINANTS OF COERCIVE ECONOMIC STATECRAFT, COMMODITY CERTIFICATION PROGRAMS, AND SANCTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/215881.

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In the first chapter of this dissertation, I consider a recent program crafted in the United States that was designed to undermine violent groups operating in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). By requiring companies to account for the sources of minerals that could be linked to violent conflict, the effort was an attempt to balance between the adverse impacts of using economic leverage against violent targets abroad and the effectiveness of regulations. The US Congress’s stated ambition was to constrain commerce that supported violence in the DRC, while allowing legitimate production of the regulated minerals to continue. Many observers were skeptical that such a balance could be achieved, and claimed that the rules were a de facto ban on mineral exports from the DRC. I show however that market responses to changes in legislation were not consistent with the view that the US banned the use of regulated minerals from the DRC completely. Because the returns for companies in the US remained responsive to rules issued by the DRC’s Minister of Mines, it is more likely the case that investors expected at least some trade in the regulated minerals to continue. In the second chapter, I focus on regulations and important events relating to the global diamond industry. I investigate the importance of the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) especially, because the organization regulates diamond production and trade in many countries. That industry actors participated in the development of the KPCS caused considerable controversy however, and many critics of the KPCS claimed that it did not go far enough to undermine violence in diamond producing countries. The results I present in the second chapter support the point of view that regulations and events relating to the KPCS had (and may continue to have) a significant impact on diamond markets, but also call into question common descriptions of the diamond industry, and the industry’s relationship to the KPCS. Although it is often argued in the literature that the creation of the KPCS benefited large diamond mining companies, I show that reactions in financial markets were inconsistent with this point of view. I also provide evidence of an important nuance in the relationship between regulations and the diamond industry. Retail companies, including large-scale jewelry companies, experienced abnormally high returns coinciding with events that supported the credibility of the KPCS, while they experienced abnormally low returns for events that called that credibility into question. This suggests that the companies that benefit from the credibility brought by the KPCS are mostly in the retail side of the business, and that such companies have incentives for the Process to at least appear effective in its mission. In the final chapter I analyze factors that predict a country using or threatening to use sanctions against another country. I focus on the extent to which variation in the economic leverage one country has over another leaves a pair of countries more, or less likely to use sanctions. In that framework, I consider several questions that have been posed in the recent literature, and identify a number of characteristics of sending and receiving countries that are strongly predictive of sanction use. I show that countries with large national economies dominate among those that use and threaten to use sanctions, and that smaller economies rarely initiate sanctions against others. The results also show that countries that are poorer are more often targeted with sanctions, and that an ongoing conflict in either a sending or a target country predicts sanction use. The last chapter also shows that many indicators of economic vulnerability, and particularly issues of trade concentration and diversity, play a crucial role in the decision to initiate or refrain from using sanctions. These three chapters taken together provide an empirical investigation into the effects and determinants of sanctions and other forms of coercive economic statecraft. The results contribute to the ongoing discussion over how best to understand economic sanctions and similar programs in the current policy environment.
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Books on the topic "Conflict Diamonds"

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Gordon, Christine. Diamonds: the quest from solid rock to the magic of diamonds. Antwerp: Tectum, 2008.

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Foundation, World Peace, ed. Diamonds in peace and war: Severing the conflict-diamond connection. Cambridge, Mass: World Peace Foundation, 2002.

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Zoellner, Tom. The heartless stone: A journey through the world of diamonds, deceit, and desire. New York: St. Martins Press, 2006.

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V, Levy Arthur, ed. Diamonds and conflict: Problems and solutions. Hauppauge, N.Y: Novinka Books, 2003.

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Group, International Crisis. Dangerous little stones: Diamonds in the Central African Republic. Nairobi]: International Crisis Group, 2010.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. Conflict diamonds: Agency actions needed to enhance implementation of the Clean Diamond Trade Act : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C: GAO, 2006.

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de, Campos Rui Falcão, ed. Lundas: As pedras da morte : relatório sobre os direitos humanos. [Luanda: s.n.], 2005.

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Vlassenroot, Koen. Artisanal diamond mining: Perspectives and challenges. Gent: Academia Press [for EGMONT], 2008.

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Dobbyn, John F. Deadly diamonds: A novel. Longboat Key, Florida: Oceanview Publishing, 2013.

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Bieri, Franziska. From blood diamonds to the Kimberley Process: How NGOs cleaned up the global diamond industry. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conflict Diamonds"

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Siegel, Dina. "Conflict Diamonds? Not Every Diamond Is a Blood Diamond." In The Mazzel Ritual, 133–57. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-95960-3_7.

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Beevers, Michael D. "International Intervention to Govern Diamonds and Minerals." In Peacebuilding and Natural Resource Governance After Armed Conflict, 145–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63166-0_7.

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Jakobi, Anja P. "Governing War Economies: Conflict Diamonds and the Kimberley Process." In The Transnational Governance of Violence and Crime, 84–105. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137334428_5.

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Pires, Bianica, and Andrew Crooks. "The Geography of Conflict Diamonds: The Case of Sierra Leone." In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling, 335–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_32.

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Smillie, Ian. "Conflict Diamonds: The Kimberley Process and the South American Challenge." In Governance Ecosystems, 102–13. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230353282_7.

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Beevers, Michael D. "Colonialization and One-Party Rule to Civil War and “Conflict Diamonds”." In Peacebuilding and Natural Resource Governance After Armed Conflict, 123–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63166-0_6.

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Wetzel, Jan Erik. "Targeted Economic Measures to Curb Armed Conflict? The Kimberley Process on the Trade in ‘Conflict Diamonds’." In International Law and Armed Conflict, 161–81. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-527-8_9.

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Miretski, Pini Pavel. "The Influence of Non-Governmental Actors on Compliance with International Law — Compliance With United Nations Security Council Decisions on Angola’s Conflict Diamonds." In International Law and Armed Conflict, 208–26. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-527-8_12.

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Grant, J. Andrew. "The Kimberley Process at Ten: Reflections on a Decade of Efforts to End the Trade in Conflict Diamonds." In The Global Diamond Industry, 119–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137537614_5.

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Sethi, S. Prakash, and Olga Emelianova. "Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS): A Voluntary Multigroup Initiative to Control Trade in Conflict Diamonds." In Globalization and Self-Regulation, 213–47. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230348578_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conflict Diamonds"

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Morgan, Charles L. "The Status of Marine Mining Worldwide." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80048.

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Metals are fundamental components of modern society worldwide, and, despite the current economic downturn, we know we will be faced with ever increasing demands and ever-shrinking supplies. Efforts to achieve sustainable supplies of minerals must include efforts to expand the supply. About 60% of the ocean surface consists of the ocean floor, so it is reasonable to expect that deep ocean minerals could contribute significantly to the world supply. Human efforts to recover minerals have thus far concentrated almost exclusively on land-based resources, so it is reasonable to postulate that marine minerals might offer better prospects for future mineral supplies than land prospects. Currently, we know of at least six separate categories of marine minerals: 1. Aggegrate sand and gravel deposits; 2. Placer deposits of relatively high value minerals (gold, diamonds, tin, etc) hosted in aggegrates; 3. Biogenically derived phosphate deposits; 4. Sediment-hosted (manganese nodules) and hard-rock hosted (ferromanganese crusts) ferromanganese oxide deposits; 5. Sediment-hosted methane hydrate deposits; and 6. Hydrothermally derived sulfide deposits of copper, gold, nickel, zinc, and other metals. Thanks primarily to the engineering developments made by the offshore oil industry and the computer-science advances that have revolutionized much of modern society, the technology is in place for most of the tasks of deep seabed mining. The objective here is not to provide a general status update regarding marine minerals technology, but simply to demonstrate, using the best example available to date (the Nautilus Minerals venture in the Territorial Waters of Papua New Guinea) that the technology is in place and ready to go. Development of marine minerals has both the curse and blessing of taking place in the ocean. Since the 1970’s and before, the marine environment has taken on a public aura reserved more commonly for religious beliefs. This aura poses substantial obstacles to any marine development efforts. At the same time, a basic advantage of marine mineral developments is that nobody lives there. Thus, marine mining activities will not conflict with most normal human activities. Marine mining proposals should be subjected to thorough impact assessment analysis, but it is also critical that policymakers take steps to provide a level playing field for marine developments that encourages objective comparisons with alternative land-based proposals for supplying needed mineral resources. Governments should foster reasonable access to the marine mineral resources under their jurisdiction while also supporting incentive policies and related research programs.
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Reports on the topic "Conflict Diamonds"

1

Guidolin, Massimo, and Eliana La Ferrara. Diamonds Are Forever, Wars Are Not. Is Conflict Bad for Private Firms? Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2005.004.

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