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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conflict Entrepreneur'
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1
CARRARA, VIRGINIA ALVES. "SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR`S RESPONSIBILITY: SOCIAL INTERVENTION AND CONFLICT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16545@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROO presente trabalho estuda a atuação social dos empresários, comumente denominada de responsabilidade social empresarial - RSE -, a partir do pressuposto de que esta intervenção social, antes de ser uma novidade na atuação dos empresários, conta com uma longa trajetória que remonta aos primórdios do desenvolvimento industrial no país. Nesta trajetória, foram estruturados diferentes modelos de intervenção que aqui são identificados como controle, incorporação e gerenciamento do social. Cada um deles expressa tanto o enfrentamento da relação capital x trabalho como a busca de legitimação do processo de acumulação, ao nível interno de sua força produtiva, como externamente envolvendo em escalas crescentes o conjunto da sociedade. A pesquisa foi estruturada em duas grandes frentes de investigação: uma primeira de perfil documental e bibliográfico buscou reconstituir a trajetória sócio-histórica da atuação social dos empresários. A segunda voltou-se para a compreensão de suas formas de ação frente às novas determinações do capitalismo contemporâneo. Ainda que, analisando processos mais amplos, este estudo focaliza uma empresa hoje multinacional, com marcante atuação no âmbito da RSE, cuja evolução produtiva percorreu os diferentes modelos de intervenção social aqui identificado. Considerando nossa hipótese de que um dos elementos fundamentais da RSE é estruturar, também, uma contraface à emergência de conflitos internos e externos aos interesses do capital, o estudo pautou-se pela identificação da manifestação contraditória entre intervenção e conflito social. Foi utilizado instrumental disponível pelas mídias digitais (internet, sites institucionais e outros endereços eletrônicos) com ênfase no YouTube, considerando-o como um modo de comunicação áudio-visual que dá visibilidade aos interesses e condições de vida de grupos sociais e sistemas ambientais atingidos (e prejudicados) pelo avanço da produção generalizada de mercadorias.
The present thesis studies entrepreneurs social responsibility from the standpoint that their social intervention, instead of being a novelty, is anchored in a long tradition that stretches back to the beginnings of Brazil s industrial development. The different models of intervention developed in this tradition are here identified as incorporation and management control of the social question. Each model expresses the way capital-work relation was coped and the search for legitimacy of the accumulation process at the internal level of its productive force, on the one hand, and at the external level envolving increasingly all society, on the other hand. The reseach was lead in two major fronts: firstly, a documentary and litterary investigation sought to reconstruct the socio-historical path of the social actions of entrepreneurs. Secondly, it turned to the understanding of their forms of action in the face of new determinations of contemporary capitalism. While analyzing broader processes, this study focuses on a Brazilian multinational company which has today significant activity in the evolution of CSR, and whose history toured the different models of social intervention identified here. Considering our hypothesis that one of the basic structure of CSR is also to oppose the emergence of internal and external conflicts concerning the interests of capital, the study was guided by the identification of the outbreak contradiction between intervention and social conflict. Sources included many digital media available in internet, corporate websites and other email addresses, with emphasis on YouTube, considered as a way of audio-visual communication that has been giving visibility to the interests and living conditions of social groups and environmental systems affected and affected by the advance of generalized commodity production.
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Walter, Jd. "Predicting and Mitigating Civil Conflict: Vertical Grievances and Conflict in Central Africa." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7961.
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Recent conflict research has relied on proxy variables of horizontal inequality to make causal assumptions, but these do not reveal the root of deprivation in aggrieved populations. However, it is important to continue to explore the greed-grievance dichotomy to explain the persistence of violent civil conflict. The purpose of this quantitative study was to expand this line of inquiry by investigating the relationship between indicators of vertical deprivation and reported civil conflict incidents to determine whether a significant correlation exists. Relative deprivation theory provided the framework for this study, which consisted of 10,779 survey responses regarding lived experience across 7 countries experiencing a total of 890 civil conflict incidents in 2016. Although tests of multiple linear regression indicated statistically significant relationships (p < .001) between two of the predictor variables and reported civil conflict incidents, the availability of electricity when connected to the main made the most substantial contribution to the model in both predictability and correlation. Therefore, the findings provide insight into the type and nature of deprivations, such as those associated with access to and availability of electricity, that have the greatest potential of becoming grievances susceptible to exploitation by conflict entrepreneurs. Implications for positive social change include using this analysis to promote increased conflict inquiry among public administration scholars and to inform a more substantive role of local government managers in identifying and remediating vertical grievances, thereby mitigating civil conflict.
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Mellish, Mars. "Exploring Skills That Liberian Small-Business Entrepreneurs Use to Succeed in Business." Thesis, Walden University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10133635.
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Over 35 years of gross economic mismanagement and business failures led Liberia’s gross domestic product to collapse by 90% in less than two decades. As a result of a general lack of business skills, up to 80% of Liberian small-business entrepreneurs fail in business beyond the first year. Based on the theory of constraints, the purpose of this exploratory multiple case study was to explore the business skills that Liberian small-business entrepreneurs used to succeed in business beyond the first year. Data came from semistructured face-to-face interviews with 5 central regional Liberian small-business entrepreneurs who had succeeded in business beyond the first year. Participant observation, the use of company documents, and the use of member checking allowed for methodological triangulation and verification of the themes. Analysis of data involved using pattern-matching technique and date coding to evaluate, organize, code, and analyze the raw data. There were 3 prominent themes that emerged among entrepreneurs during data analysis: business knowledge, bookkeeping, and pricing skills. The data from the results indicated, within this particular context, Liberian small-business entrepreneurs used business skills for knowledge, finance, and marketing. Focusing on these practices may lead to increased profit and business success beyond the first year for other Liberian small-business entrepreneurs. The findings from the study could provide mechanisms for social change by giving Liberian small-business entrepreneurs additional ideas for using their business skills in their businesses. Furthermore, the findings may aid the Liberian communities to create training programs and curriculums for numerous Liberian colleges and institutions for future Liberian small-business owners.
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Price, Sidjae T. "Understanding How Generation X and Millennial Entrepreneurs Manage Organizational Conflict." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/122.
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As the United States prepares for a generational shift in leaders, there is a lack of literature adequately examining how Generation X and Millennial entrepreneurs manage organizational conflict about leadership and change management. The scope of this problem should concern individuals who are stakeholders in any organization. In preparation for the coming shift in generational leaders, the subject study explored the management of organizational conflict regarding leadership and change management for Generation X and Millennial entrepreneurs. Supported by a theoretical foundation built on theory of generations and realistic group conflict theory, this qualitative study analyzed the interviews and narratives of six Generation X entrepreneurs and six Millennial entrepreneurs. The analysis outlined specific themes of the management of organizational conflict by participants from both generations. This study revealed that Generation X cohort members tackle contemporaneous or emerging conflict via formal dialogue and compromised reconciliations, in the service and advancement of the organization, while Millennial entrepreneurs manage organizational conflict as it relates to leadership and change management by employing conversations rooted in fundamental company values, orchestrating team meetings, and establishing a goal-aligned yet collaborative work culture. The subject study also disclosed that Generation X and Millennial entrepreneurs both incorporate conversations to manage organizational conflict as it relates to leadership and change management, but they contrast on prioritizing creating a collaborative work culture versus focusing on company growth. At an organizational level, the instant study impacts stakeholders by enabling positive social changes informed by evidence-based insights about how Generation X and Millennial entrepreneurs manage organizational conflict.
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Hoang, Thi Huong Lan. "Work-life balance – the challenge of female entrepreneurs in Vietnam." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-7476.
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Xia, Ruoxi. "Building a Bridge Between Work-family Issues and Growth Intentions of Female Entrepreneurs." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33403.
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Employing a sample of 116 female entrepreneurs, this study investigated how work-family issues, including work-family conflict and enrichment, relate to their intention to grow the business that they own or co-own. Results suggest that
family-to-work enrichment directly related to female entrepreneurs’ business growth intentions, and important family members seems highly salient to female entrepreneurs’ business growth decisions.
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Li, Juan, and Jan Tony Abrahamsson. "New money, new problems : A qualitative study of the conflicts between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet (USBE), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-45170.
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New ventures started by entrepreneurs need access to the right amount of financial resourcesin order to grow and expand businesses. Venture capital financing and partnerships withventure capital firms is a common route for entrepreneurial companies to acquire the neededfinancing for growing the venture, which in turn benefits a country’s economy as a whole.The partnership between the venture capital firm and the entrepreneur may involve conflicts,due to different goals and objectives towards the business, difference in management stylesand personal background as well as task and contextual conflicts, to mention some examples.We discovered a knowledge gap regarding conflicts between venture capital firms andentrepreneurs in Sweden and hence our aim with this study is to provide an answer on howventure capital firms and entrepreneurs are dealing with these potential conflicts in Sweden.To find out the answer, we reviewed selected and relevant literature on the subject andadapted a theoretical framework, based on existing literature. In terms of methodologicalapproach, we chose to be constructionists by following the abductive approach, in order toeffectively answer our research question and be able to add and complement our theoreticalframework, based on our empirical findings.Our empirical findings consists of four valuable interviews with venture capital firmmanagers and another four interviews with entrepreneurial CEOs and/or company founders,to get the view of both parties involved in venture capital partnerships. Based on ourempirical findings, our main conclusion is that the venture capital partnership often suffersfrom lacking communication from either or both parties, which could start or worsen theconflicts. Many of these problems are also derived by the vastly different backgrounds ofventure capital firm managers compared to entrepreneurs.Additionally, our study notes a tendency for less patience for conflicts among venture capitalfirms compared to entrepreneurs, as venture capital firms are willing to replace the currentCEO or make an early exit the venture or even liquidate its shares, if they deem problems assevere. On the other hand, entrepreneurs want to keep the dialogue going and seem to havemore patience. To mitigate the conflicts in the venture capital partnership, based on ourfindings, we propose that venture capital firms should hire managers or consultants with amore technical background when evaluating and working with certain entrepreneurs.Furthermore, venture capital firms may need to be more dynamic in terms of their controlmeasurements as opposed to being overly static on a long-term business plan which may getoutdated or lose relevancy.Entrepreneurs, nonetheless, need training and support in many cases, to understand how tocommunicate in business contexts and write business plans in order to facilitate thecollaboration with their venture capitalists.
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Mamarbachi, Alexandre. "Emergence, construction et transformations d’une « cause » : sociologie historique des dévouements en faveur de la « cause » des Palestiniens 1960 – 2010 : recherche historique et enquête ethnographique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100010.
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Cette thèse est une contribution à la sociologie des problèmes publics, de l’action collective et des groupes d’intérêt. Elle interroge les conditions d’émergence d’une « cause » au début des années 1960 et ses transformations successives. Comment la défense d’un intérêt particulier, celui des populations palestiniennes, a-t-elle conduit à l’affirmation d’une identité politique par les groupes revendiquant une nation palestinienne ? On montre que la construction de cette cause s’est inscrite dans une conjoncture marquée par l’indépendance de l’Algérie et la décolonisation : elle a été indexée à la cause algérienne et au Tiers-Monde. Le ralliement de soutiens extérieurs a contribué à renforcer et légitimer cette revendication. A la fin des années 1970, le problème est reformulé dans le cadre de la protection des droits de l’homme : des associations de juristes se mobilisent en invoquant le droit international humanitaire (DIH) pour plaider en faveur de ces populations. Une défense juridique et morale est mise en œuvre pour promouvoir cette cause : le soutien international s’insère dans l’espace des mobilisations humanitaires et l’aide au développement ; de nouveaux acteurs, les ONG et les collectivités territoriales, mènent des coopérations en faveur du développement avec les collectivités palestiniennes. Les ressources mobilisées sont l’expertise, le droit, le plaidoyer international, caractéristiques du répertoire transnational-solidariste. L’enquête de terrain montre précisément de quelle façon une municipalité en France a conduit une coopération avec un camp de réfugiés en Cisjordanie. Les élus municipaux et les acteurs associatifs se sont investis dans un « jumelage » en soutenant un micro-projet porté par des femmes. Cette action publique vise à promouvoir la « culture de la paix » et les « coopérations solidaires » : l’action humanitaire permet de justifier l’engagement municipal et de mobiliser les habitantsThis research aims to contribute to the sociology of public policies and social movements. It questions the conditions of emergence of a “cause” at the very beginning of the 1960’s and its successive transformations. Claiming for Palestinian interests has raised the affirmation of a political identity. The edification of this “cause” during the political context of the 1960’s points out that this issue has been referred to the Algerian national liberation movement. It’s a “Third-World” problem. But at the end of the 1970’s, this cause has been framed by the International Law and Humanitarian Topics. New actors reconfigured the problem: Associations of Jurists claimed assistance for the civil populations. Advocacy networks promoted Human rights and conducted an international moral protest. NGO’s and local civil authorities supported the development of Palestinian Territories by providing humanitarian aid. This cooperation belongs to a new Repertory of collective actions: Transnational-Solidarity. We have investigated the local level of a cooperation conducted by a French municipality with a Palestinian city in the West Bank (a refugee camp). Our enquiry points out how the actors provide support for empowerment of Female inhabitants. Humanitarian Aid for civil population is a way to legitimate political engagements
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Alldén, Susanne. "How do international norms travel? : Women’s political rights in Cambodia and Timor-Leste." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-26837.
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How do international norms travel, via statebuilding efforts, into post-conflict settings, and how do international and national actors interact in this process? These are the main questions addressed in this thesis. The empirical focus is the spreading and rooting of the norm of women’s political rights in Cambodia and Timor-Leste, two countries in which international actors have played a significant role in statebuilding efforts. Although statebuilding has increasingly become a part of UN peacebuilding missions, we still lack a thorough understanding of how much, and in what ways, the international community can successfully promote change. This is important in view of the fact that the key to success ultimately depends on how the receiving community responds to the presence and efforts of international actors to promote new social norms. This study analyzes the interaction between international and national actors engaged in the promotion of women’s political rights as part of the effort to advance democracy. Three institutional developments are examined in detail – electoral rules and regulations, the establishment of a national gender equality/women’s machinery and the strengthening of the local government structure. The study uses a modified norm diffusion approach and makes two theoretical contributions to the literature. First, I place the norm diffusion process in a post-conflict context. Second, I add the concept of capability to function in order to conceptualize and study the internalization of the norm. The thesis is based on both an analysis of written material and semi-structured interviews. A total of 65 interviews were conducted during three research trips to each of the countries between 2007 and 2009. In general, the four empirical chapters reveal that the interaction between international and national actors has predominantly been characterized by international actors setting the agenda, with varying degrees of consultation and collaboration with national actors. While norm institutionalization has been rather high in both countries, norm internalization lags behind. This is explained by discriminating ways of life and attitudes, lack of resources and time. Norm internalization is higher in Timor-Leste, in part because national actors have adapted the norm of women’s political rights to fit the local setting, but also due to their openness to international influences. The empirical study underscores that international actors can push for change and norm adherence, but their efforts are not enough. In the end, national actors have to buy into the message that international actors try to convey. The strengths and weaknesses that have been uncovered in the Cambodian and Timorese case studies presented here should be carefully considered as international actors, led by the UN, embark upon future statebuilding missions around the globe.
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Muhammad, Noor. "Understanding the growth behaviour and available support for small to medium sized manufacturing firms in a conflict and poor infrastructure environment : the perspective of entrepreneurs in Swat Valley, Pakistan." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2013. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/19030/.
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Entrepreneurship and small firms are regarded by policy makers and academics alike as being an important catalyst for economic growth. However, a perennial question is why firms do, or do not, grow. Therefore, much research has been undertaken over many decades capturing different environments to answer this complex phenomenon. Nevertheless, after the ‘9/11 attacks’, a new environment has emerged which many people call ‘the conflict environment’. To date, little research has been conducted and no rich empirical data is present in the entrepreneurship and small firm literature. To investigate small firms operation in a conflict environment and an associated poor infrastructure (which itself may pre-date the actual conflict) this study examines how a sample of firms grow and/or struggle in the province of Khyber Pakthunkawa, Pakistan. Two broad objectives were set for this study. The first and primary objective was to understand the growth behaviours of SME manufacturing firms and how they grow and struggle in a conflict and poor infrastructure environment. This was captured by examining their existing resources; entrepreneurial orientation behaviour; the impact of the conflict environment on their entrepreneurial activities; how the conflict and poor infrastructure environment was handled; and, lastly, business barriers they identified and their impact. The second objective was to consider available support and their perception on the effectiveness of such support. One hundred and ten manufacturing SMEs in the Swat Valley that met the selection criteria were studied and a mixed method was used. An initial survey was administered and respondents categorized themselves as either growing (30 firms) or struggling (80 firms). The thirty ‘High entrepreneurial’ firms stated that they have achieved and maintained growth despite the conflict and poor infrastructure environment, whilst the eighty ‘Low entrepreneurial’ firms stated that they are struggling. To gain further insight, sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted from within this sample in order to elaborate the quantitative findings. Furthermore, four support organizations who were most mentioned by the participants were interviewed, thus allowing a consideration of the nature of any perceived gap between them and the SMEs. This research provides empirical evidence that as the conflict has developed in the Swat region, a few businesses have grown whilst the majority are struggling - but in their own way they are all ‘survivors’. It is argued that both growing and struggling firms show enterprise and entrepreneurship in this conflict zone. However, growing firms develop and exploit features which enable them to realise more entrepreneurial intentions as compared to struggling firms. These might be their access to human and non-human resources, and strong networks would be one of them. The conflict environment has created immense difficulties for both growing and struggling firms but paradoxically it has also benefited firms in the region. One positive consequence was that employees were prepared to help the entrepreneurs to overcome problems. This was seen through an increase in the autonomy dimension of entrepreneurial orientation. Another positive consequence was the spotting of new opportunities by the entrepreneurs in this harsh and changed environment. However, some entrepreneurs see opportunities whilst some see threats. Furthermore, both growing and struggling firms showed dissatisfaction with the existing business support but made useful suggestions as to how this could be improved. This would facilitate growing firms to grow faster and struggling firms to achieve growth which will help to enhance employment opportunities in the region and better contribute towards peace. Entrepreneurs were also keen to increase their business activities because they were optimistic that by creating new entrepreneurial opportunities in the region it will be harder for the terrorists and insurgents to succeed. Such groups target the deprivation arising from unemployment.
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Kolay, Gulcan. "La perception à la fois de soi et de l'autre côté de la frontière, par l'intermédiaire du commerce transfrontalier en période de conflit et en temps de paix, au sud-est de la Turquie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1074.
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Cette thèse porte sur l'impact du commerce (transfrontalier) sur les relations, les perceptions entre la Turquie et l'Irak, plus précisément entre deux région kurdes : le Kurdistan de Turquie d'un côté, le Kurdistan d'Irak de l'autre. Ce travail va nous permettre de comprendre et d'analyser les relations économiques, sociales et culturelles de part et d'autre de la frontière. En tant que séparatrice des deux régions kurdes, la frontière turco-irakienne tient une position qui joue un rôle significatif ; c'est une séparation mais aussi une zone de contact. Plusieurs acteurs jouent un rôle dans le commerce frontalier de cette région. Les principaux sont les États (ou « quasi-État » si l'on considère le gouvernement autonome du Kurdistan d'Irak comme un État dans l'État fédéral d'Irak), ainsi que les entrepreneurs des deux côtés de la frontière.Après la guerre du golfe en 2003, la région du nord de l'Irak est devenue davantage liée à la Turquie qu'à l'Irak. Ce phénomène s'étant accentué de nos jours. Des milliers de camions franchissent quotidiennement les frontières qui séparent le Kurdistan d'Irak et la Turquie, les entreprises et les ouvriers travaillant au Kurdistan irakien sont pour l'essentiel des Kurdes de Turquie.Dans ce contexte le commerce est important par son rôle de communication. Il est également significatif en tant que lien symbolique entre les deux régions frontalières. En outre, ce commerce confirme à nouveau le rôle du Kurdistan irakien comme référence de la mouvance kurde dans son ensembleThis thesis deals with the impacts of the cross-border trade on the perceptions, on the relations between Turkey and Iraq, more precisely between two Kurdish regions: Turkish Kurdistan on one side, Iraqi Kurdistan on the other. This study allows us to understand and analyse political, economic and cultural relations by means of border trade between two border regions on either side of the border. By acting as a divide between the two Kurdish regions, the Turkish-Iraqi border plays a significant role as a barrier but also a zone of contact. Several actors play a role in the border trade of this region. The main ones are the States (or quasi-State if we consider the autonomous region of Iraqi Kurdistan as a State within the federal state of Iraq), as well as the entrepreneurs on both sides of the border.After the Gulf War in 2003, the north of Iraq (Iraqi Kurdistan) became more linked to Turkey than to the rest of the country. This phenomenon has become more and more present. Every day, thousands of trucks cross the border separating Iraqi Kurdistan and Turkey, the firms and workers working in Iraqi Kurdistan are mostly Turkish Kurds.In this context, trade is important through its role of communication. It is also significant as a symbolic link attaching both sides. Furthermore, this trade again confirms the role of Iraqi Kurdistan as a reference for the whole Kurdish region
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Steele, Garza José Guadalupe. "El procedimiento arbitral de consumo como mecanismo efectivo en la solución de conflictos entre consumidores y empresarios en México y España." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97341.
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El objetivo central de ésta investigación es el análisis del Sistema Arbitral de Consumo en España y México, su ámbito de aplicación y sus principales características, así como la Mediación y la Conciliación de una forma general, que tienen lugar dentro del mismo contexto. Por ello se investigaron las distintas normativas que regulan el procedimiento especial en el ámbito del consumo en ambos países respecto a sus bondades, ventajas, limitaciones y los campos de oportunidad, en este sentido se utilizó el método de investigación de estudio de casos de tipo explicativo, apoyándose en fuentes de Investigación Jurídica, como leyes, jurisprudencia y doctrina, concluyendo con propuestas de algunas adiciones de ambos sistemas sustanciales y destacando los logros que se obtendrán de la instalación de una reforma legislativa al sistema en beneficio de la comunidad.The objective of this research is the analysis of Consumer Arbitration System in Spain and Mexico, its scope and its main features, as well as mediation and conciliation taking place within the context. We investigated the different regulations governing special procedure in both countries regarding their benefits, advantages, limitations and areas of opportunity, in that way the research method of case study explanatory type was used, leaning on sources of legal research, such as laws, jurisprudence and doctrine, concluding with the suggestion of some additions to both substantial systems and highlighting the achievements to be obtained from the installation of a legislative reform to the system, in benefit of the community.
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Pragnère, Pascal. "National identities in conflict and peace process : a comparative analysis of Northern Ireland and the Basque Country 1968-2011." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0038.
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Ce travail de recherche analyse les conceptions de l'identité nationale par les acteurs politiques des conflits en Irlande du Nord et au Pays Basque. Le premier chapitre présente les ambitions de la recherche, la littérature sur la question et la méthodologie. Les chapitres 2 et 3 exposent les orientations idéologiques sous l'angles de l'identité nationale des principales organisations politiques et paramilitaires en conflit. Le chapitre 4 propose une analyse des modèles de définition et de transformation des identités nationales. Le chapitre 5 explique les facteurs qui orientent les stratégies identitaires des organisations politiques natioonalistes. Le dernier chapitre met en relation les options identitaires des organisations politiques avec celles de leurs supporters et confronte les définitions identitaires des populations et leurs choix politiques. Il apparait finalement que malgré les tentatives politiques de contrôler les processus d'identification nationale, les populations et les supporters nationalistes choisissent des identités de moins en moins sectaires et de plus en plus ouvertes, en particulier dans les contextes d'absence de violence; les partis nationalistes reçoivent également un soutien grandissant de personnes aux identités de plus en plus diverses, ce qui présage des évolutions favorables aux processus de paixThis research analyses the conceptions of national identity by political organizations in the conflicts in Northern Ireland and the Basque Country. The first chapter presents the ambitions of the project, reviews existing literature on the subject and methodological aspects. Chapters 2 and 3 present the ideological evolutions of national identity definitions by the main political and paramilitary organizations in the conflicts. Chapter 4 proposes an analysis of the definition models and of the transformations of national identity definitions. Chapter 5 analyses the factors that explain the identity strategies of nationalist political organizations. The last chapter relates identity options of political organizations with their supporters' identifications, and confronts identity definitions within the population with their political choices. It finally appears that despite political attempts to control national identification processes, the population and nationalist supporters increasingly choose identities that are less sectarian and more plural, especially in a context of decreasing violence. Nationalist parties also receive increasing support from people with more plural identities, which may favour positive evolutions of the peace processes
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Chin-ShingChang and 張家馨. "A study of work and family conflict of married female entrepreneurs." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17846319203712153478.
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Hsiao, Mi-Fang, and 蕭米芳. "Work-Family Conflict of Managerial Women: Comparisons among Managers, Entrepreneurs, and Copreneurs." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30094264532953090322.
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碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
97
Abstract Women faced work and family conflicts, especially women who are in the decision making positions. Yet, most previous studies of the work-family conflict focused on female managers, and viewed work-family conflict as a unidirectional construct. The other two groups of managerial women, namely copreneurs and entrepreneurs, were rarely studied. Besides, many authors argued that the construct of work-family conflict should be bi-directional. Therefore, the present study used theories of work/family domains as a framework to achieve the following purposes: 1) compare the differences and prevalence of work-family conflict, work-to-family conflict (WIF), and family-to-work conflict (FIW) among female managers, female entrepreneurs, and female copreneurs; 2) examine the effects of family and work demands on work-family conflict, including WIF and FIW; and 3) assess the moderating effects of spouse and domestic support (social support) on the relationships between work/family demands and work-family conflict. Analytical results from 152 women in management answer the two research questions and supported the two general hypotheses. In summary, this study found no significant differences of WFC, WIF, and FIW among different types of managers and WIF was more prevalent than FIW among managers. Work and Family Demands were positively related to WFC, WIF, and FIW. Specifically, Work demands accounted more variance of WIF than that of FIW and Family Demands accounted more variance of FIW than that of WIF. Furthermore, Social Support moderated the relationships between demands and WFC. The results were discussed and both practical and theoretical implications were provided.
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Wang, Hsiu-Wen, and 王秀雯. "Analyzing the Need of Social Support for Female Entrepreneurs Based on Work-Family Conflict." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35688547910099299268.
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碩士中原大學
企業管理研究所
103
With economic grows up, it enhances knowledge and industrial structure constant innovation. Through the reason, the more economic power of women has become a new rising economic strength. However, women entrepreneurs may not provide the good care to their family into work. At the same time, they also play the main role of the family relationship, these women entrepreneurs can’t be ignored because of being unable to provide the good care for the family. This study was designed to investigate the service of women entrepreneurs at home conflict on why social support needs. Then the study may explore the entrepreneurial patterns and family status to influence post-conflict situations at home to face the social support needs of factors. The purpose includes three goals, first of all, to explore women entrepreneurs of social support post-conflict needs of the family. Second, to explore different patterns and functional home conflict affect demand to social support. Third, to explore the influence of the different situation and realizes the conflict to the social support at home. In this study, we choose the female entrepreneurs as the scope, and adopting a convenience sample questionnaire to investigate. Totally we released 79 questionnaires then returned 75. The effective return rate is 94.93 percent. The survey of the data we use SPSS statistical software with descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. This study discusses the post-conflict discuss that the main part is divided into work-family conflict and family work conflict. After the analysis, we find that female entrepreneurs make the family conflict is the main source in the work-family conflict. We find that when women face the work-family conflict, they need more emotional support without the tool support and information support. In addition, under the different business patterns, the researchers found that both principal and part-time work will encounter family conflict, especially in the principal patterns need emotional support, tool support, messaging support needs. Then part time pattern requires emotional support needs. Besides, the conflict part-time work-family pattern may also meet some domestic work conflicts. To face the domestic work of conflict, emotional support was negatively correlated. Furthermore, the study also analyzed the marital status, single, married, and divorced women entrepreneurs. In the face of work-family conflict, women may need more emotional support. Then the divorced women will encounter to not only the work-family conflict, but also meet the family work conflict. During the family work conflict, it requires more emotional support and tool support needs. In the married state, the study can have the further understand with women entrepreneurs who are married and have two children. When they faced the work-family conflict may have more demand for emotional support needs, either do domestic work conflicts. Through the different business patterns and family circumstances in this study, we should find the women entrepreneurs’ demand factors for social support. It is desirable to provide the results of existing female entrepreneurs or the women will have their own business. Finally, the entrepreneurial process can reduce the functional family conflict.
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Lo, Ya-Hsun, and 羅雅薰. "Creativity Cognitive Style, Conflict Handling, and Career Success: An Empirical Study of Creative Entrepreneurs in Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y8v2jz.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
科技管理研究所
102
Purpose-The purpose of this paper attempts to examine how entrepreneurs’ creativity cognitive styles according to the divergent thinking and convergent thinking affect their conflict-handling styles, and further affect their career success in the context of Taiwan’s creative industry. Design/methodology/approach- Using a structural equation modeling, data were collected using postal mail and Internet-based survey system examining creativity cognitive styles, conflict-handling styles and entrepreneurial career success. A total of 251 entrepreneurs in creative industries, complete the survey. Findings- Results show that divergent thinking is found to positively relate to entrepreneurs’ integrating style, dominating style, and obliging style in handling conflicts. In contrast, convergent thinking is found to negatively relate to dominating style and obliging style. Additionally, entrepreneurs’ integrating style and dominating style had positive effects on creative entrepreneurs’ social reputation and career achievement. Research limitations/implications- The study established a connection between entrepreneurs’ creativity cognitive styles, conflict-handling styles and entrepreneurial career success, however, this paper sheds light on the missing link between entrepreneurial cognition and conflict management in the extant entrepreneurship literature. Originality/value- Being the first study to examine the connection between the creativity cognitive styles, conflict-handling styles and entrepreneurial career success , the paper offers interesting insights about entrepreneurs’ cognitive styles may have a profound influence on their career success by influencing the way entrepreneurs handle conflicts within the company.
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Turner, Mandy. "Taming Mammon: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Global Regulation of Conflict Trade." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3788.
Full textAbstract:
NoUnethical business practices, the conduct of corrupt rulers and conflict entrepreneurs in conflict-prone societies have provoked genuine humanitarian concern from NGOs and activists who constitute the main driving force behind calls for ethical markets. However, powerful players, such as western multinational corporations and OECD governments, have been able to undercut campaigns for compulsory legal regulatory codes by promoting industry self-regulation and voluntary codes of conduct. This article assesses a number of these initiatives to control the trade in conflict goods and promote good resource governance. It concludes that current mechanisms constitute a weak attempt to control the negative impacts of the market and, by failing to tackle the real causes of instability, are inadequate for building a political economy of peace.
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Shih, Shao-Kai, and 施少鎧. "The study of the relationship between Taiwan SME entrepreneur’s family-work conflict and entrepreneurial performance—the moderating effect of coping strategies." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36465544198116367816.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣體育大學(桃園)
休閒產業經營學系碩士班
96
According to the data of 2007 White Paper on Small and Medium Enterprises in Taiwan of Small and Medium Enterprise Administration of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, small and medium enterprises are rising from 1983 to 2007. According to past researches, we can found the level of work-family conflict is higher than past twenty years and become a serious problem. Therefore, this study will examine if two type of family-work conflict included time-based conflict and strain-based conflict negative influence entrepreneurial performance. Research objects aimed at the members of Headquarter China Youth Career Development Association distributed throughout Taiwan. One hundred and twenty-five questionnaires were responded and valid. The results shows that SME entrepreneur’s family-work conflict has negative influence on entrepreneurial performance and entrepreneur’s coping strategies included emotional-focus strategy and problem-focus strategy. In this study just problem-focus strategy had significant effect on family-work conflict and entrepreneurial performance.