Journal articles: 'Conflict management Africa'

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Fred-Mensah, Ben K. "Indigenous African Conflict Management Schemes: Analyses and References." A Current Bibliography on African Affairs 32, no. 1 (September 2001): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001132550103200101.

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The objective of this study is to present notes and references on the indigenous African conflict management systems. I am convinced that the understanding of the indigenous conflict management systems in Africa in general may go a long way to improving our knowledge and strategies in addressing the region's current ubiquitous and proliferative conflicts. Thus the notes and references provided in this study will be of immense value to scholars, government officials, and development experts with an interest in the study and practice of conflict management in Africa.

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Twagiramungu, Noel, Allard Duursma, Mulugeta Gebrehiwot Berhe, and Alex de Waal. "Re-describing transnational conflict in Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 57, no. 3 (September 2019): 377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x19000107.

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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the principal findings of a new integrated dataset of transnational armed conflict in Africa. Existing Africa conflict datasets have systematically under-represented the extent of cross-border state support to belligerent parties in internal armed conflicts as well as the number of incidents of covert cross-border armed intervention and incidents of using armed force to threaten a neighbouring state. Based on the method of ‘redescribing’ datapoints in existing datasets, notably the Uppsala Conflict Data Project, the Transnational Conflict in Africa (TCA) data include numerous missing incidents of transnational armed conflict and reclassify many more. The data indicate that (i) trans-nationality is a major feature of armed conflict in Africa, (ii) most so-called ‘civil wars’ are internationalised and (iii) the dominant definitions of ‘interstate conflict’ and ‘civil war’ are too narrow to capture the particularities of Africa's wars. While conventional interstate war remains rare, interstate rivalry using military means is common. The dataset opens up a research agenda for studying the drivers, patterns and instruments of African interstate rivalries. These findings have important implications for conflict prevention, management and resolution policies.

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Mboh, Lovelyne, and Gabriel Ekobi. "The Role of Women in Indigenous Conflict Management in the Mokgalwaneng Village in the Moses Kotane Local Municipality, South Africa." African Journal of Gender, Society and Development (formerly Journal of Gender, Information and Development in Africa) 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 47–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2634-3622/2022/v11n2a3.

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Abstract Women have been occupied with managing conflicts in African indigenous communities. However, their contribution in conflict resolution has not been documented in South Africa. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the role of women in managing indigenous conflicts in the Mokgalwaneng community. The data were collected from 14 participants from the Mokgalwaneng community by means of semi-structured and unstructured interview guides and thematically analysed. Three main themes were identified: the types of indigenous conflict, causes of indigenous conflict and the role of women in indigenous conflict management in the Mokgalwaneng community. Findings revealed that there are several types of indigenous conflict in the area. Land, domestic, theft and adultery, fornication and rape were raised as the causes of conflict. Women used indigenous conflict management techniques such as accommodating, collaborating and compromising to manage indigenous conflicts in the area. Also, women in the Mokgalwaneng village assisted indigenous institutions of elders and traditional leaders in resolving conflicts. Although women played a role in the indigenous conflict management, they were being marginalised in relation to indigenous conflict management. This study recommended that gender inclusive conflict management policy should be introduced as this might help promote gender equality and alleviate gender bias.

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Moreda, Fiseha. "Analysing the concept of peace in post-conflict African countries." Global Journal of Sociology: Current Issues 12, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjs.v12i1.6522.

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Peace is one of the issues in Africa that needs to be rethought or revisited. When discussing peace in Africa, one has to explore the society’s ontology and cosmological order, as the African concept of peace is deeply engrained in the people’s culture and moral tradition. The purpose of this article is to pose a question about interventionist Western-oriented peacebuilding and why it has failed to bring durable peace to post-conflict African countries and its implications on peace dividend. The study follows the literature study method. The paper, consequently, presented the Ubuntu and Oromo peace epistemologies as a possible alternative or authentic viewpoint on the collective. This paper has outlined that peace in Africa is far more complicated than conventional discourses portray. It was established in the study that, to develop an effective response to internal conflicts, it is necessary to explore the cultural foundations and/or institutions that can serve as the basis for conflict prevention, management and resolution. Keywords: Conflicts, culture, peace, Sankofa;

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Helinjiva, Rakotondrasoa. "NON-ARMED CONFLICT RESOLUTION BY AFRICAN UNION." Jurnal Dinamika Global 3, no. 01 (July 26, 2018): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36859/jdg.v3i01.56.

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Africa is a continent devastated by conflicts and wars of all kinds. After being colonized for more than a century, African countries have sought solutions to solve the problems between them. They thus found their own organization which is the African Union with mixed commissions. The latter, besides dealing with the economic development of African countries, also deal with the management and resolution of armed and non- armed conflicts in the continent. Among these armed conflicts resolved by the African Union is the political crisis in Madagascar in 2009. The resolution of the conflict in Madagascar, despite its very successful appearance conceals some inconveniences for the Malagasy population and the Republic of Madagascar. This paper will demonstrate how the African Union regulates non-weapon conflicts in Africa, including the case of Madagascar, and explain the failures and successes of managing the crisis there. It aims to analyze the problems encountered in the resolution of a conflict, especially internal. Liberalism, more precisely, institutional liberalism is the theoretical framework of this study. To dig deeper into this paper, the research design utilized is the qualitative method with a deductive method. Data collection comes from primary data like books, reviews, reports, newspapers, etc.

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Pollecutt, Laura. "Conflict Management and Women in Africa." Agenda, no. 43 (2000): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4066119.

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Cohen, Herman J., Timothy D. Sisk, and Andrew Reynolds. "Elections and Conflict Management in Africa." African Studies Review 42, no. 2 (September 1999): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/525375.

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Cohen, Herman J. "U.S.-Africa Policy as Conflict Management." SAIS Review 21, no. 1 (2001): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.2001.0008.

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Odobo, Samuel Osagie, Amos Musa Andekin, and Kingsley Udegbunam. "Analysis of ECOWAS Institutional Framework for Conflict Management." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 6 (November 27, 2017): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mjss-2017-0051.

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AbstractThe Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has evolved conflict management and security framework through which it responds to the myriads of socio-political crisis in the sub-region. This paper assesses the ECOWAS mechanisms for conflict management vis-à-vis the challenges facing the region. It begins by looking at the nature of conflict in West Africa; and then the evolution of ECOWAS conflict management framework. Using content analysis, the paper argues that ECOWAS has evolved a comprehensive conflict management and security framework and has made significant achievements in conflict management in the West African sub-region. It however, recommends peacebuilding efforts that address poverty, human rights abuses and election fraud as well as more synergy and political will to handle religious extremism in the sub-region

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Apuuli, Kasaija Phillip. "The African Union and Peacekeeping in Africa: Challenges and Opportunities." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 20, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-4-667-677.

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Africa continues to suffer from outbreaks of conflict, with evidence pointing to an increasing number of violent armed incidents. The establishment of the African Union (AU) heralded (or so it was hoped) a new era in how African conflicts are managed and resolved. Since 2003, the AU has mandated a number of peace support operations including the African Union Mission in Burundi (AMIB), the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS), and the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), as a means to manage conflicts on the continent. In more recent times, the organization has also authorized three operations dealing with non-state armed groups namely the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), Boko Haram and the Sahel Region Jihadists. Whilst some of these peace support missions recorded successes in meeting their mandates, generally all of them faced or are facing a number of challenges including funding, and logistical inadequacies among others. At the same time, the AU’s engagement in peacekeeping in Africa has occasioned opportunities for the organization including: increasing its capacity building in the area of conflict prevention, management and resolution; adoption of initiatives like “Silencing the Guns” aimed at lessening the outbreak of conflicts; and establishing its own funding mechanisms on how to support its mandated and authorized peace support missions among others.

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Hammed, Hanafi A. "Appraising the Role of African Union: the New Partnership for Africa’s Development in Conflict prevention and Management in Africa." International and Comparative Law Review 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iclr-2016-0036.

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Abstract The New Partnership for Africa’s Development is the latest in a long line of initiatives or framework intended by African leaders to place African continent on a path of growth and sustainable development. The development challenges that face Africa are enormous and varied. Th e crisis of political instability, bad governance, lack of peace and security, poverty and diseases like HIV/AIDs. NEPAD recognized peace and security as condition for good governance and sustainable development. Therefore, in absence of peace and security, democracy and good governance cannot strive and where there is no good governance, we cannot witness sustainable development. This paper argues that peace and security has been elusive in much of Africa. The failure of the Organisation of African Unity to ensure peace and security in Africa and to address Africa’s post-cold war legion of challenges, the successor organisation, the African Union and its attendant development programme, the NEPAD were established. The first issue which is critical to NEPAD is, solving armed conflict and civil unrest on the continent. Currently, twenty percent of the people of Africa are living in condition of conflict. These conditions cause terrible suffering and hold back economic development in the affected countries. The extent of conflict is so great that the whole continent is affected and this creates a major barrier to inward investment. On the resolution, NEPAD is in a position to make considerable progress. It was learnt in Sierra Lone that with concentrated international eff ort, conflict can be successfully ended and institutions of a properly functioning state can begin to be rebuilt. The paper therefore examines the origin of the NEPAD, NEPAD and challenges of peace and security in Africa and involvement of AU/NEPAD in Darfur and Cote D’Ivoire crises. It further discusses the AU/NEPAD conflict mechanisms for conflict prevention, management and resolution and draw conclusion.

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Cooper, Allan D. "Elections and Conflict Management in Africa (review)." Africa Today 47, no. 2 (2000): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/at.2000.0038.

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Gerhart, Gail M., and Francis M. Deng. "Sovereignty as Responsibility: Conflict Management in Africa." Foreign Affairs 76, no. 3 (1997): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20048092.

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Onwuzuruigbo, Ifeanyi. "Old Wine in New Bottle: Civil Society, Iko Mmee and Conflict Management in Southeastern Nigeria." African and Asian Studies 10, no. 4 (2011): 306–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921011x605571.

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Abstract Africa boils on account of intractable communal conflicts. Strategies adopted to manage the conflicts conform to western approaches of conflict management. Traditional forms of conflict resolution have been rarely applied. This has prompted emphasis on traditional tools of conflict management. Drawing from interviews and archival documents, this paper focuses on the deployment of iko mmee ritual by local civil society organizations in managing the Aguleri and Umuleri communal conflicts in Nigeria. It catalogues the failure of western models, explains the principles underlying iko mmee and how iko mmee was able to facilitate peace in the communities.

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Neupane, Sandesh, Man Kumar Dhamala, and Prakash Chandra Aryal. "Human elephant conflict management and issues in Nepalese context: A Review." Nepal Journal of Environmental Science 6 (December 31, 2018): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njes.v6i0.30128.

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Human Elephant Conflict has been an important conservation issue since decades in Africa and Asia. A comparative analysis was performed to identify the methods of the Human Wildlife Conflict management in African and Asian countries. Different studies from 1999 to 2018 in African and Asian Nations related to Human Elephant Conflict were obtained from reliable online sources such as published articles, policies and reports relevant to Nepalese context were synthesized. The different methods used in Human Elephant Conflict management in both continents were broadly classified into fifteen different categories and their effectiveness was compared based on economic viability, safety for elephants and humans while adopting the mitigation measures and the control of the Human Elephant Conflict after adoption of the measure. Land-use management is proposed in Nepalese context to reduce the Human Elephant Conflict centered on different social, financial and environmental conditions.

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Omotuyi, Sunday. "PAX-NIGERIANA AND NIGERIA’S CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY." Asian People Journal (APJ) 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/apj.2020.3.1.154.

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Nigeria’s advocacy for the ‘African solutions to African problems’ has been a critical component of its African diplomacy since its independence in 1960. This advocacy finds its loudest expression in the leadership roles it played in peacekeeping and peace-building efforts in the continent in tandem with what has been dubbed Pax-Nigeriana. However, less than a decade since returning to democratic governance in 1999, Nigeria’s commitment to the peacekeeping efforts has been waning. In spite of its globally acknowledged regional security provider, Nigeria’s interventions in a number of regional countries leave much to be desired. This study, therefore, argues that the plethora of domestic security challenges in Nigeria has had dire implications for conflict management in Africa. The study, which relies on personal observation and secondary sources, contends that Nigeria’s declining commitment to its self-assigned ‘responsibility to protect’ in Africa as vividly demonstrated in Mali’s operation and other contexts portend bleak future for the effective peacekeeping operations in the continent. The paper concludes by recommending that domestic issues such as terrorism and inequality in the polity among others must be addressed if Nigeria wants to continue playing its traditional leadership role in West Africa especially in the security sector. Keywords: African security, African solutions to African problems, conflict management, Pax-Nigeriana, responsibility to protect

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Kemi Anthony Emina. "Ethno-Religious Conflict and the Quest for Peace in a Plural Society in Africa." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v2i2.292.

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This article examines the elusive search for peace in a plural Society in Africa, amid persistent ethno-religious conflicts and violent attacks in eminent. The central thesis of this article focused on why existing theoretical perspectives on the nature and management of ethnoreligious conflicts in Africa have disappointed expectations, and what is required to achieve peace among plural African societies. This article used Nigeria as a case study. The research argues that conflict resolution has an ontological dimension and that achieving peace in plural societies requires a process of genuine orientation that reworks the human consciousness to accept the inevitability of the 'Other' both to the self and its aspirations for survival. This research employs the method of textual and critical analysis in carrying out this research.

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Azarya, Victor. "Ethnicity and conflict management in post-colonial Africa." Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 9, no. 3 (September 2003): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13537110412331301455.

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Borrmann, Axel. "Africa: Conflict management and hopes of better governance." Intereconomics 38, no. 4 (July 2003): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031699.

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Olanrewaju, Faith Osasumwen, Segun Joshua, and Adekunle Olanrewaju. "Natural Resources, Conflict and Security Challenges in Africa." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 76, no. 4 (October 15, 2020): 552–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928420961742.

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This article evaluates the impact of natural resource conflicts on Africa’s security. This study is qualitative and based on secondary data that were analysed textually. Hinged on the greed and grievance theory, the study argues that the mismanagement of resources, greed and grievance have had immeasurable negative implications on national security, national growth and development. The issues that have come to the fore in resource management in some selected African countries include rancorous intergroup relations, militancy, the proliferation of small arms and light weapons, leadership ineptitude, corruption, warlordism and money laundering. The article recommends that effective resource management strategies in Africa are key in curbing the plaguing security challenges and conflicts ensuing from resource ownership in the continent.

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Nguni, Allan. "IMPACT OF CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN THE HORN OF AFRICA." European Journal of Conflict Management 2, no. 1 (August 29, 2021): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejcm.791.

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Purpose: Lack of capacity on the part of local peace structures has posed a great challenge to the achievement of a lasting peace. These have remained a major constraint to sustainable peace. Peace structures lacked capacity in terms of finance or logistics to effectively monitor conflict situations, identify early warning indicators and make appropriate rapid response interventions. The general objective of the study was to evaluate impact of conflict Management in the Horn of Africa. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: From the study findings, the study concluded that with the devolved government, opportunities arise to solve some of the problems which eventually may lead to decreased conflict. Participation of citizens and interest group may be enhanced so as to include their voices in development agenda setting and in formulating programs that target peace building activities such as repairing broken relationships and rebuilding livelihoods, especially the pastoral economies. Recommendations: The study recommended that the need for conflict management to focus on the resource management intervention measures in pastoral areas. Such resource management conflict resolution should be based on the emerging issues of land and culture change .According to the study findings it emerged that politics is one of the study findings that limit the effectiveness of inter-community conflict management. Politicians take advantage of their jostling for position to fuel conflict

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Nyamutata, Conrad. "Electoral Conflict and Justice: The Case of Zimbabwe." African Journal of Legal Studies 5, no. 1 (2012): 63–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/170873812x628124.

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Abstract In recent years, Africa has faced a new form of conflict arising from disputed elections. Incumbents have refused to vacate office after apparently losing elections, triggering violent conflict. Regional organisations have invested considerable political energy to manage these conflicts. Post-electoral conflict accords (PECAs) resulting in power-sharing have been the favoured modus vivendi with regional mediators. However, little attention has been paid to the crucial issue of justice in the management of these disputes. Like most conflicts, electoral conflict centres on perceived injustice in the electoral process. Therefore, in order to manage these conflicts in an effective way, justice must be acknowledged in both procedural and substantive content. This article focuses on management of electoral conflict in Zimbabwe. It argues that the protracted post-electoral conflict in Zimbabwe can be explained, to a large extent, through failure to acknowledge procedural, distributive and retributive justice concerns.

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Ishola, Tajudeen Odebode. "Beyond the Pedagogy: Indigenous Approaches for Peace Practices in Africa." European Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (June 3, 2022): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejsocial.2022.2.3.255.

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Peace is the requisite for the world order, likewise is the conflict for the development of the world’s space. This indicates the positivism of conflict in the development of human and man’s space. However, the negativity of conflicts in human’s space brought about the ‘Peace Pedagogy’ in educational institutions in the world over. Better still and less well, the results compared in the conflict management and peace building strategies in most if not all countries revealed a rethink and review of the pedagogical peace efforts in Africa. The so far achievements in the field of conflicts resolution and peace building were still not commensurate compared to the numerous conflicts violence ravaging the continent of Africa. Nevertheless, the success of peace pedagogies in some countries of the world should be having noticed, ‘the out-put’ changes the narrative of their society. Africa, the continent blessed with natural and human resources, believed to have been the first civilized continent of the world, evolved in peace practiced on conflict resolution and peace-building strategies that are indigenous and well fixed into the various conflicts bedeviled the people of Sahel and sub-Sahara Africa before the emergence of western strategy of peace pedagogies. In this wise, this paper explored beyond the pedagogy the indigenous approaches for peace practices in Africa using a qualitative method of a desk base research report on indigenous approach of peace-practice strategies in order to strengthen the traditional and indigenous strategies’ peace efforts and peace building in Africa.

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Adams, Adeola, and Chux Gervase Iwu. "Conflict resolution: Understanding concepts and issues in conflict prevention, management and transformation." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 4 (2015): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i4c4p1.

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Conflicts are inevitable. They can be prevented on some occasions, managed on others, but resolved only if the term conflict is taken to mean the satisfaction of apparent demands rather than the total eradication of underlying sentiments. Within the context of South Africa and Nigeria, two nations characterised by a mix of reputations, the understanding of the concepts of conflict prevention, conflict management and conflict transformation is pertinent to courting peace and harmony among the different groups of people. For one, conflict resolution opportunities restore our humanness and avowed commitment to the larger society. This is premised against the backdrop that conflict is both an intrinsic and inevitable part of human existence involving the pursuit of incompatible interests and goals by parties. This paper attempts the development of a general framework for understanding the different concepts of conflict. The paper concludes by admitting that conflict resolution has less to do with removing conflict per se, but evolving an appropriate option for nipping it in the bud before it degenerates into a crisis. Conflict resolution therefore becomes the harbinger of our social reconstruction and the criterion for measuring the sanity and conformity of social systems

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Okpaku, S. "The challenges of post conflict reintegration in Africa." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S401—S402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1449.

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IntroductionIn the past 50 years, the continent of Africa has witnessed major conflicts ranging from civil wars and liberation wars to chaos from failed States. Increasingly in these political upheavals, kidnapping and abductions of women and young persons have become more prominent.Aims/objectives/methodsIn this paper the consequences of political upheavals will be discussed. For the community there are economic, political and social disruptions. For the individuals there are family disruptions and improvements. For the abducted and kidnapped individuals there are physical, psychological and cognitive impairments, as well as consequences of sexual injuries.FindingsThere is controversy as to prevention, reduction, and management of young victims of war and conflicts. Some workers have suggested that:–the imposition of peace agreements by foreign powers may not be strictly relevant to the parties engaged in the conflicts;–culturally appropriate rituals have efficiency in the readjustment of boy soldiers and abducted girls. Nevertheless the guidelines suggested in international disagreements provide a basis for there adjustment of young war conflict victims.Conclusion–Traditional healing rituals have a place in the healing and reintegration in person's abduction in post conflict situations.– Community approaches are superior to individual approaches.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Kozintsev, Alexander. "WATER SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA: NEW DIMENSIONS OF AN OLD PROBLEM." Economic and social problems of Russia The digital economy Current state and prospects, no. 1 (2021): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/espr/2021.01.05.

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The article deals with the issue of water supply in the Middle East and North Africa. It focuses on the regional patterns of water allocation and causes of water scarcity. It is noted that state interaction in the field of water management is conflict driven and not followed by fruitful cooperation. The main types of regional water conflicts are presented. The article concludes with two case studies (Egypt and Syria) that demonstrate how ineffective management of water resources leads to interstate conflict or civil unrest.

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Christensen, Darin. "Concession Stands: How Mining Investments Incite Protest in Africa." International Organization 73, no. 1 (October 2, 2018): 65–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818318000413.

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AbstractForeign investment in Africa's mineral resources has increased dramatically. This paper addresses three questions raised by this trend: do commercial mining investments increase the likelihood of social or armed conflict? If so, when are these disputes most prevalent? And, finally, what mechanisms help explain these conflicts? I show, first, that mining has contrasting effects on social and armed conflict: while the probability of protests or riots increases (roughly doubling) after mining starts, there is no increase in rebel activity. Second, I show that the probability of social conflict rises with plausibly exogenous increases in world commodity prices. Finally, I compile additional geo-spatial and survey data to explore potential mechanisms, including reporting bias, environmental harm, in-migration, inequality, and governance. Finding little evidence consistent with these accounts, I develop an explanation related to incomplete information—a common cause of conflict in industrial and international relations. This mechanism rationalizes why mining induces protest, why these conflicts are exacerbated by rising prices, and why transparency dampens the relationship between prices and protest.

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Toda, Makiko. "Consociationalism and the Management of Ethnic Conflict in Africa." Journal of African Studies 1993, no. 43 (1993): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11619/africa1964.1993.43_49.

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Turner, Matthew D., Augustine A. Ayantunde, Kristen P. Patterson, and E. Daniel Patterson. "Conflict Management, Decentralization and Agropastoralism in Dryland West Africa." World Development 40, no. 4 (April 2012): 745–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.09.017.

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Nader, Laura. "The Underside of Conflict Management - in Africa and Elsewhere." IDS Bulletin 32, no. 1 (January 2001): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2001.mp32001003.x.

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Riak PhD, Gabriel Alier, and Dut Bol Ayuel Bill. "THE CRUCIAL ROLE DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS ON CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA." IJRDO - Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 8, no. 11 (November 5, 2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/sshr.v8i11.5386.

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Third-party interventions into ongoing civil wars are complex attempts to manipulate the preferences of warring parties, and thus conflict outcomes. These attempts to alter the course of a conflict can include providing materiel, intelligence, and money to change the structure of the relationship among combatants, or alternatively, providing information through mediation and other diplomatic initiatives to change the information that they hold about their adversary. Both approaches can have conflict management goals, although mediation has a much more direct link to a goal of containing violence and making peace. Conceptually, however, the two approaches to intervention could work in unison.

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Duursma, Allard. "African Solutions to African Challenges: The Role of Legitimacy in Mediating Civil Wars in Africa." International Organization 74, no. 2 (2020): 295–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818320000041.

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AbstractThe current scholarly literature on the international mediation of civil wars draws predominantly on a rationalist-materialist perspective. This perspective suggests that the ticket to mediation success is the material manipulation of the bargaining environment by third parties with a high degree of economic and military resources. I argue that legitimacy also determines outcomes of mediation because if a mediator has legitimacy, it can continue to look for a mutually satisfactory outcome and try to pull the conflict parties toward compliance. I show that legitimacy matters by systematically comparing the effectiveness of African and non-African third parties. African third parties are typically considered ineffective because of a low degree of economic and military capacity. However, they effectively mediate civil wars in Africa because of a high degree of legitimacy, which is a result of a strong conviction within the African society of states that African mediation is the most desirable type in conflicts there. Drawing on data from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program supplemented with unique data, which together cover all mediation efforts in Africa between 1960 and 2017, I find quantitative evidence supporting the effectiveness of African third parties. Compared to non-African ones, African third parties are far more likely to conclude negotiated settlements that are more likely to be durable. African third parties are especially effective if the conflict parties are highly committed to the African solutions norm. Theoretically, this study deviates from much of the literature that puts forward solely rationalist-materialist explanations of mediation success. By bringing legitimacy to the forefront, this article supplements the current mediation literature that emphasizes material sources of power and ignores social structures.

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Mayer, Claude-Hélène, Sabie Surtee, and Jasmin Mahadevan. "South African women leaders, transformation and diversity conflict intersections." Journal of Organizational Change Management 31, no. 4 (July 2, 2018): 877–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-10-2016-0196.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate diversity conflict intersections and how the meanings of diversity markers such as gender and race might be transformed. It highlights the resources of South African women leaders in higher education institutions for doing so. Design/methodology/approach This study proceeds from a social constructivist perspective, seeking to uncover narrated conflict experiences via a hermeneutical approach. Findings Women leaders in South Africa experience diversity conflict across multiple intersecting diversity markers, such as gender, race, ethnicity and class. They are united by inner resources which, if utilized, might bring about transformation. Research limitations/implications Intersectional approach to diversity conflict is a viable means for uncovering positive resources for transformation across intersecting diversity markers. Practical implications Practitioners wishing to overcome diversity conflict should identify positive resources across intersecting diversity markers. This way, organizations and individuals might bring about transformation. Social implications In societal environment wherein one diversity marker is institutionalized on a structural level, such as race in South Africa, diversity conflict might be enlarged beyond its actual scope, thereby becoming insurmountable. This needs to be prevented. Originality/value This paper studies diversity conflict intersections in a highly diverse societal environment in organizations facing transformational challenges and from the perspective of women leaders.

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Williams, Paul D. "Keeping the Peace in Africa: Why “African” Solutions Are Not Enough." Ethics & International Affairs 22, no. 3 (2008): 309–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2008.00158.x.

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Since the early 1990s, a variety of African and Western governments alike have often suggested that finding “African solutions to African problems” represents the best approach to keeping the peace in Africa. Not only does the empirical evidence from post-Cold War Africa suggest that there are some fundamental problems with this approach, it also rests upon some problematic normative commitments. Specifically in relation to the problem of armed conflict, the “African solutions” logic would have at least three negative consequences: it would undermine the UN; it would provide a convenient excuse for powerful Western states that wished to avoid sending their own soldiers to peace operations in Africa; and it would help African autocrats fend off international, especially Western, criticism of their policies. After providing an overview of the constituent elements of the “African solutions” approach, this article sets out in general terms the central problems with it before turning to a specific illustration of how these problems affected the international responses to the ongoing war in Darfur, Sudan. Instead of searching for “African solutions”, policymakers should focus on developing effective solutions for the complex challenges raised by the issue of armed conflict in Africa. To this end, Western states in general and the P-3 in particular should give greater support to conflict management activities undertaken by the United Nations, develop clearer guidelines for how these should relate to regional initiatives, and facilitate the efforts of civic associations to build the foundations for stable peace in the continent's war zones.

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Balestri, Sara, and Mario A. Maggioni. "Blood Diamonds, Dirty Gold and Spatial Spill-overs Measuring Conflict Dynamics in West Africa." Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 551–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/peps-2014-0026.

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AbstractAlthough conflict incidence is likely to be characterized by spatial dependence, the scientific literature on conflicts often neglects the issue thus, implicitly, assuming independence among observations. We argue that such assumption could lead to biased and inconsistent results and we provide an exemplary application to the case of the Mano River Region (MRR) in West Africa. Once we detected the existence of spatial dependence within the distribution of conflict incidence, we introduce spatial econometrics techniques in order to explore diffusion paths of violence within the region. We firstly project on a spatially disaggregated map, built as a regular grid, the conflict occurrence and several georeferenced determinants of civil conflicts. Then, we model spatial dependence through the introduction of spatial autoregressive terms on both dependent and independent variables (SAR and SD Models). Across several models, civil conflict is found steadily clustered in space with significant spill-over effects on contiguous locations. Among other determinants, natural resources – namely diamonds and gold – are confirmed as relevant drivers of conflict diffusion and show neighbouring effects since their location and proximity may affect conflict dynamics.

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Pagoaga Ruiz de la Illa, Aranzazu. "International dispute settlement in Africa: Dispute Settlement and Conflict Resolution under the Organization of African Unity, the African Union, and African Traditional Practices: A Critical Assessment." Deusto Journal of Human Rights, no. 3 (December 11, 2017): 57–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/aahdh-3-2006pp57-92.

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The proliferation of conflicts of different scope and nature in the African continent has been identified as one of the factors hindering the development of the continent, leading to efforts to create due mechanisms to tackle them. This essay examines both the OAU and AU mechanisms, compares them and assesses their adequacy for the settlement of African disputes. Once these shortcomings are identified, this dissertation looks into the common characteristics of traditional dispute settlement and conflict management to discuss whether they can somehow contribute to the improvement of modern institutional mechanisms.Published online: 11 December 2017

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Penu, Dennis Amego Korbla, and Sebastian Angzoorokuu Paalo. "Institutions and Pastoralist Conflicts in Africa: A Conceptual Framework." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 16, no. 2 (March 3, 2021): 224–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542316621995733.

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Pastoralist conflicts are important global development outcomes, especially in Africa. Analysing relevant literature on this phenomenon, we identify “institutions” as a key but fragmented theme. This blurs a composite understanding of how institutions affect these conflicts and their management. Hence, this article proposes a conceptual framework that brings harmony to this discourse by analysing 172 relevant publications. The framework was then tested using evidence from interviews and policy documents collected on a typical case in Agogo, Ghana. The findings show that pastoralist conflicts in Africa are shaped from three main dimensions: institutional change, institutional pluralism, and institutional meanings. Thus, state-level institutional changes create different institutions at the community level, and stakeholders using these institutions place different evaluations on them based on obtained outcomes. These dynamics contribute to conflict management dilemmas. Hence, the study recommends that intervention efforts examine whether new institutions contradict existing ones and to resolve them before implementation.

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Matlosa, Khabele. "Ballots or Bullets: Elections and Conflict Management in Southern Africa." Journal of African elections 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2001): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20940/jae/2001/v1i1a1.

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Clapham, Christopher, and I. William Zartman. "Governance as Conflict Management: Politics and Violence in West Africa." International Journal of African Historical Studies 31, no. 2 (1998): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/221164.

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Meyer, Angela. "Regional Conflict Management in Central Africa: From FOMUC to MICOPAX." African Security 2, no. 2-3 (November 30, 2009): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19362200903362075.

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Milner, Neal. "Illusions and Delusions about Conflict Management—In Africa and Elsewhere." Law Social Inquiry 27, no. 3 (July 2002): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2002.tb00820.x.

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Mwesigye, Adrian R. "An Involvement of African Traditional Means of Reconciliation to Improve Conflict Management in Africa." Journal of Modern Education Review 4, no. 2 (February 20, 2014): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jmer(2155-7993)/02.04.2014/007.

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Mwagiru, Makumi. "The Organization of African Unity (OAU) and the Management of Internal Conflict in Africa." International Studies 33, no. 1 (January 1996): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020881796033001002.

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Graham, Maximilian D., William M. Adams, and Gabriel N. Kahiro. "Mobile phone communication in effective human elephant–conflict management in Laikipia County, Kenya." Oryx 46, no. 1 (November 28, 2011): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311001104.

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AbstractHuman–elephant conflict is a significant problem in Africa, undermining biodiversity conservation and development efforts. Early warning of crop raiding and a coordinated response from landholders and wildlife authorities are important for effective management of this conflict. Mobile phones have spread rapidly in rural Africa and could potentially be used to improve communication and increase the effectiveness of responses to crop raids by elephants. We analyse changes in patterns of communication around human–elephant conflict incidents before and after the arrival of mobile phone technology in Laikipia County in north-central Kenya, and the performance of mobile phone communication in a trial at three sites. We show that mobile phones can improve communication and reduce human–elephant conflict where there is good mobile coverage and widespread adoption. Conservation projects have much to gain from engaging with mobile phone technology.

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Magalhães, Nuno. "The European Union, Conflict Management, and the Normative Illusion." Nação e Defesa, no. 155 (April 1, 2020): 09–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47906/nd2020.155.01.

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The European Union (EU) has recently become the most active conflict manager, currently deploying more operations than any other organisation. There has been a total of 13 operations of military nature from 2003 to 2019, deployed in Europe and in Africa. The discourse at the level of the European Union emphasizes not only the security of its members but also the importance of humanitarian norms. Do these norms drive the deployment of EU’s military operations? There is literature that recognizes the relevance of norms, suggesting that these factors may indirectly or even directly have a driving impact. On the contrary, I suggest that there is no normative driving impact. To be precise, I argue that power distribution and exposure to conflicts are the fundamental conditions driving the deployment of military operations by the EU.

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Yoroms, Gani J. "ECOMOG and West African Regional Security: A Nigerian Perspective." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 21, no. 1-2 (1993): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501681.

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For the first time in the history of Africa, a regional conflict, such as that in Liberia, has succeeded in producing an indigenous regional mechanism for conflict management. The conflict may not yet be resolved, but its management demands an in-depth understanding. This attempts an interpretation of the Liberian crisis from Nigeria’s perspective.

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Alagappa, Muthiah. "Regionalism and conflict management: a framework for analysis." Review of International Studies 21, no. 4 (October 1995): 359–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500117966.

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Regionalism, and more generally multilateralism, is commanding considerable attention in the policy and intellectual communities. In the security domain, this interest can be traced to a number of developments. One is the regionalization of international security brought about by the dramatic change in the dynamics of the international political system. In the absence of a new overarching and overriding global-level security dynamic, domestic, bilateral and regional dynamics have become more salient and have to be addressed in their own terms. It is now much more necessary and possible, for example, to discuss security in Asia, Europe, Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East in regional and sub-regional contexts, quite independent of a global dynamic or developments in other regions. While the interests and linkages arising from the involvement of external powers must still be taken into account, the context is qualitatively different from the Cold War era, when the dynamics of the superpower conflict permeated and in many cases subsumed the local dynamics of conflicts.

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Bobekova, Elvira. "Third party conflict management of transboundary river disputes." International Journal of Conflict Management 26, no. 4 (October 12, 2015): 402–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-09-2013-0072.

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Purpose – This paper aims to fill the gaps by conducting the first large n study examining the role of third parties in the emergence of river agreements in Asia and Africa during the time period 1948-2007. There is a growing literature on what explains agreements in river disputes. However, beyond individual case analysis, little systematic study has been done on the role of third parties in settling river disputes through agreement, in particular on the regions that are mostly affected by the global climate change. Design/methodology/approach – Through utilising new data on the role of third parties in river disputes, this study shows that third party involvement in the conflict management of river disputes increases the likelihood of reaching river agreements. Findings – The findings suggest that third parties use both diplomatic and economic means to increase the likelihood of emergence of river agreements, and both strategies are equally important to induce formalised cooperation. Research limitations/implications – Yet the present study covers only two regions, and it does not delve into a discussion of the conditions under which third party interventions are successful. Rather, these are aspects that need to be explored in the future. Practical implications – Given the current uncertainty around security challenges resulting from climate change, and with predictions of future water wars, this research contributes to the understanding how to peacefully manage current and potential conflicts around transboundary waters. Originality/value – This study is the first large n study examining the role of third parties in the emergence of river agreements in Asia and Africa.

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Orhero, Abraham Ejogba. "CONFLICTS AND CRISES IN NIGERIA: MANAGEMENT AND RESOLUTION FOR PEACE BUILDING." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 361–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3127.

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Conflicts and crises do not imply peace rather they are anti-peace. They stand for or symbolize problems in human society. Historically, Nigeria profiles the highest statistics of violent conflicts in Africa. These conflicts range from land disputes, resource control, and ethnic cleavages to wars of liberation. Unfortunately, the dilemma confronting Nigeria today is not really the occurrence of conflicts and crises in the real sense, but how to resolve them in such a manner as to prevent the past ones from reoccurring and contain the present ones from escalating or degenerating into full-scale war. Therefore, it is against this backdrop that this paper examines the nitty-gritty of conflicts and crises, their antecedents, and their management and resolution in Nigeria. The paper also presents methods for better management and resolution of conflicts and crises in Nigeria. Finally, the paper concludes that the traditional conflict resolution techniques such as mediation, reconciliation, adjudication, and negotiation as well as cross-examination which were employed by Africans in the past, offer great prospects for peaceful co-existence and harmonious relationships in post-conflict periods than the modern method of litigation settlements in law courts. Thus, the paper recommends among others that the Nigeria government, especially the National Assembly should make and implement policies aimed at addressing the root and trigger causes of conflicts and crises in the country.

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Ahrens, Achim. "Civil Conflicts, Economic Shocks and Night-time Lights." Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/peps-2015-0013.

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AbstractThis study focuses on the effect of economic growth shocks on the risk of civil conflict outbreak in Africa. The data set covers African first-order administrative units and the time period 1992–2010. Since sub-national GDP is not available for Africa, night-time light data from satellites is used to predict economic growth. Economic growth is then instrumented with rainfall and temperature variables in order to identify the causal effect of economic growth on conflict risk. Furthermore, a spatial autoregressive panel model is estimated to examine the role of spill-over effects. Estimation results suggest strong spill-over effects, but provide no evidence for a significant effect of economic growth on civil conflict.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Conflict management Africa'

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