Dissertations / Theses: 'Conflict (Psychology)'

1

Can, Levent. "Ethnic conflicts and governmental conflict management." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FCan%5FDA.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Peter Gustaitis. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83). Also available in print.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Lin, Chiahung Jessica 1970. "Conflict resolution under uncertainty." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289589.

Full text

Abstract:

Rubinstein's alternating offer bargaining model is extended to uncertain situations. When the players do not have complete information on the feasible payoff set, the bargaining is based on the players' own estimations on the Pareto frontier. It has been proved that there always exists a unique stationary fictitious subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE) if the estimates of the Pareto frontier are close to each other. Monotonicity and convergence properties of the stationary subgame perfect equilibria (SPEs) are next examined. It has been shown that the convergence of the disagreement payoff vector and the break-down probabilities implies the convergence of the SPEs as well. The controllability of the resulting dynamic systems is examined and it is shown that by selecting an appropriate disagreement payoff vector and a break-down probability, any desired outcome or maximize payoffs can be reached. The bargaining processes with time-varying Pareto frontiers are also analyzed. Four examples are provided to illustrate how to use the general model to design optimal negotiation strategy. The results of the dissertation provide schemes that can be applied to design and conduct future negotiations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Abela, Angela. "Marital conflict in Malta." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285184.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Dunaetz, David R. "The Achievement of Conflict-Related Goals Leads to Satisfaction with Conflict Outcomes." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/89.

Full text

Abstract:

Interpersonal conflict, a process involving perceptions of differences and opposition, is often an undesired but inevitable consequence of interaction between individuals. Multiple goals (internal representations of desired states) can be present in interpersonal conflict. Past studies identify four major categories of conflict-related goals: content goals, relationship goals, identity goals, and process goals; the last three may be classified together as social goals. Several hypotheses were tested in an online experiment in which adult members of evangelical churches (N = 276) imagined themselves in various church-related conflict situations. Participants were assigned to one of two conditions; in one condition, participants read scenarios where their content goals were achieved and in the other condition, participants read scenarios where their content goals were not achieved. Each participant read a series of three scenarios involving the different types of social goals. For each of the three scenarios, they imagined how satisfied they would be with two different outcomes. In the first outcome, in addition to achieving or not achieving their content goal (depending on the condition), they did not achieve the social goal that was made salient (e.g., the relationship is damaged or they lose face); in the second outcome, they achieved this social goal. In addition, participants completed individual difference measures of dominance, sociability, face threat sensitivity, and justice sensitivity. This study found support for the hypothesis that the achievement of each type of conflict-related goal leads to greater satisfaction with the conflict outcome than not achieving the goal. It also found support for the hypothesis that the achievement of two conflict-related goals (specifically, a content goal and a social goal) interact to lead to greater satisfaction with the conflict outcome beyond the main effects of achieving each goal individually. Additionally, this study tested hypotheses that individual differences (dominance, sociability, face threat sensitivity, and justice sensitivity) moderate the relationship between conflict-related goal achievement and conflict outcome satisfaction. Support was only found for the hypothesis that individuals higher in sociability report greater differences in satisfaction when their relationship goals are achieved (relative to not achieved) than those who score lower in sociability. The results imply that, when both a content goal and a social goal are present, disputants are especially satisfied when both goals are achieved. Exploratory analyses also indicated females, younger adults, and people with greater church involvement responded more strongly to achieving goals than males, older adults, and those with less church involvement. This information can be used by disputants, negotiators, and mediators who are concerned about maximizing joint outcomes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Weng, Alice. "Components of mother-adolescent conflict and their relationships with the frequency of conflict across adolescence /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488203857251238.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

DeChurch, Leslie A. "Group conflict handling: effects on group conflict type-group outcome relationships." FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2760.

Full text

Abstract:

Intragroup conflict research has shown task and relationship conflict have different effects on group outcomes, and suggests groups promote task conflict while avoiding relationship conflict. However, these suggestions have not yet been tested. This study examines the moderating role of group conflict handling on conflict type-group outcome relationships. Results of a field survey of 96 business school project groups showed task conflict inhibited performance when groups used avoidance tactics; however, these effects were negated when avoidance tactics were not used. Similarly, relationship conflict was only harmful to performance when avoided. When the use of avoidance was low, relationship conflict improved performance. Collaboration mitigated the harmful effects of task conflict and compromising mitigated those of relationship conflict on group satisfaction. Results from this work provide an important first look at how group conflict handling behaviors moderate the relationships between conflict types and group outcomes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Lee, N. M. "Stabilising child protection : a social psychology of cooperation." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360064.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Cunningham, Susan Beth. "Intergenerational Transfer of Conflict-Management Behaviors." W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625927.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Nicholas, Christopher Dean. "Matchmaking: Sex, conflict, and the cerebral hemispheres." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289731.

Full text

Abstract:

Three experiments examined how humans make same-different judgments of simultaneously presented letter pairs using the entire English alphabet, in two tasks: a letter category task in which pairs of letters in different letter cases (instances) belonged to the same (e.g., "X x") or different (e.g., "X o") letter category; and a letter instance task in which pairs of letters in the same letter category belonged to the same (e.g., "X X") or different (e.g., "X x") letter instance. Three experiments used these two tasks to present letter pairs in different arrangements: Experiment 1, centrally to both cerebral hemispheres; Experiment 2, laterally to either the left or right cerebral hemisphere; Experiment 3, laterally to either different hemispheres or to the same hemisphere. The roles of nominal identity (letter names), orthographic identity (how letter graphemes correspond to letter phonemes), and abstract visual-form identity (letter categories) were investigated by examination of letter confusability. The results indicate that visual and not nominal identity is used to perform the letter category task. In addition, women (but not men) used orthographic identity to solve the letter category task during some conditions of all three Experiments. A new kind of analysis indicates that, across-sex, letter category predicts 82% of the variance in response latency to same-category judgments, but only 14% of the variance in response latency to same -instance judgments, functionally dissociating form-invariant (category) and form-variant (instance) visual information. Women (but not men) use form-invariant (category) information when making different-instance judgments--even when such information is insufficient for solving that task--and consequently, women's cerebral asymmetries are shifted and their interhemispheric communication of information is selectively impaired (relative to men) when this information conflicts with that necessary to solve the task. Thus, the kind of information, rather than the number of cognitive processes , determines how processing is lateralized and integrated across the cerebral hemispheres in letter matching tasks. Comparisons of presentations to both and single hemispheres indicate that hemispheric dominance is dissociated from hemispheric asymmetry as a function of sex-dependent attentional strategy and informational conflict in interhemispheric interaction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Smith, R. Lee. "The Everyday Experience of Satisfaction, Conflict, Anger, and Violence for Women in Love Relationships." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330812/.

Full text

Abstract:

The problem of this study addressed how women experience the conflict variables of beliefs about conflict, anger arousal, conflict styles, and received and expressed violence as partners in love relationships and how these factors affect their reported satisfaction. Graduate women (M = 186) from University of North Texas completed the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), a subscale of Relationship Beliefs Inventory (RBI), the Multidimensional Anger Inventory (MAI), and Interpersonal Conflict Tactics and Strategies Scale (ICTAS), and the Severity of Violence Against Women scale (SVAW). Data were analyzed using MANOVAs with ANOVAs to examine significant differences. Multiple regression procedures were used for the exploratory questions. Women reporting less satisfied relationships were expected to believe that disagreement was more destructive and to report higher anger arousal than those who were more satisfied. The hypotheses were supported. Women who were less satisfied also reported using less constructive conflict tactics and more destructive and avoidant tactics as well as receiving some forms of violence. Expressed violence was not significantly related to low satisfaction. Results suggested that these conflict variables are highly interrelated. Strong feedback loops may develop. Strongly held conflict beliefs may affect the use of destructive and avoidant conflict strategies and increase anger which may reinforce the conflict beliefs. Women who have received violence may use both destructive and avoidant tactics. Use of tactics that escalate then de-escalate conflict suggests that conflict strategies may not be mutually exclusive. However, when a woman is low in anger and has previously received violence from a partner, she may use more avoidant tactics. In contrast women who express violence to their partners may use all three conflict tactics including constructive tactics. This finding suggested that women may express violence as a last resort to get a reaction from their partners.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Salter, Sara. "Parent-Child Estrangement in High-Conflict Divorce." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2010. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/64.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the last twenty-five years, parent-child estrangement in high-conflict divorce cases has elicited much discussion within the psychological and forensic fields. Contributing significantly to this debate is the lack of empirical evidence to support the previous theories, observations, and descriptions surrounding this phenomenon. The present study utilized an original data set that was collected with seventy-eight families (e.g., mother, father, and child) from available written reports produced by a private Court-appointed licensed clinical-forensic psychologist. The overall purpose of the present study was designed to gain further insight into understanding parent estrangement tactics and behaviors within the identified sample. More specifically, this first purpose of the paper sought to establish and clarify the types and presence of estrangement behaviors that each parent and child engaged in within the present sample. The second purpose of the study was to examine the MMPI-2 validity and clinical scales via statistical examination to provide further insight into the parents of families in which estrangement was suspected, as well as differences among aligned and targeted parents. Results showed that the presence of estrangement was significantly and positively correlated with total number of children and length of the target marriage. Furthermore, mothers were more likely to be identified as the aligned parent (as well as the primary residential parent), whereas fathers were more likely to be identified as the targeted parent. Significant differences were also found in that parents in families where estrangement was suspected were more likely to belittle or degrade their former partner, compared to families in which estrangement was not suspected. Notably, children in estranged families were more likely to criticize their mother's (and not the father's) parenting abilities during the context of the evaluation compared to the children in non-estranged families. With respect to the MMPI-2, results indicated that aligned parents showed statistically significant elevations on scales L, K, 1, 3, 4, and 0, whereas the targeted parents only had elevations on scales L and K. Implications for these findings were discussed, including applications to both assessment and therapeutic interventions with this family dynamic.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Burton, Jennifer Payton. "Marital conflict and child adjustment : children's perceptions of marital conflict." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1117095.

Full text

Abstract:

Studies on the effects of marital conflict and child adjustment have documented a consistent relationship between higher amounts of marital conflict and increased child adjustment problems. Recently, researchers have focused on viewing children's perceptions of marital conflict as an important variable that may influence the strength of the association between marital conflict and child adjustment. Recent research has indicated that children's perceptions of interparental conflict may influence overall child adjustment. The present study examined the relationship between marital conflict and child adjustment and the role of children's perceptions of marital conflict in a clinical sample.Forty-four 8- to 12-year-old children and one of their parents participated in this study. Adult participants completed four questionnaires: (1) The O'Leary- Porter Scale; (2) The Conflict Tactics Scale; (3) The Child Behavior Checklist; and (4) a demographic questionnaire. The child participants completed one scale, The Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale. The following research questions were investigated: (1) Is parental assessment of marital conflict related to child adjustment in a clinical sample? (2) Are children's appraisals of marital conflict related to child adjustment in a clinical sample? (3) Are boys' appraisals of interparental conflict related to the parents' appraisals of interparental conflict in a clinical sample? (4) Are girls' appraisals of interparental conflict related to the parents' appraisals of interparental conflict in a clinical sample? And (5) Are children's perceptions of marital conflict better predictors of child adjustment than parents' perceptions of marital conflict in a clinical sample?A significant relationship was found between parents' perceptions of marital conflict and child adjustment. However, children's perceptions of marital conflict did not significantly predict their overall adjustment. In accordance with these findings, it was also found that parents' perceptions of marital conflict were better predictors of child adjustment than children's perceptions of marital conflict in a clinical sample. It was also found that boys' appraisals of marital conflict were significantly related to parents' appraisals of marital conflict. Whereas, girls' perceptions of marital conflict were not significantly related to parents' perceptions of marital conflict. Implications and limitations of these findings and recommendations for future research were discussed.
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Preston, Megan. "Creating Conflict: Antecedents of Workplace Incivility." TopSCHOLAR®, 2007. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/415.

Full text

Abstract:

Incivility is defined as rude and discourteous behavior or displaying a lack of regard for others. As indicated by prior research (e.g., Pearson, Andersson, & Porath. 2000), the frequency and conscquences of uncivil behavior may result in a decline in psychological well-being, reduced job satisfaction, decreased organizational commitment, and increased turnover. However, much of the research to date has examined the relationship between personally experienced incivility and an assortment of job outcomes (Andersson & Pearson, 1999; Cortina et al., 2001; Pearson et al., 2000). The current study is distinct in that it addressed some of the potential factors that are likely to lead to incivility. Specifically, this study examined how job governance, autonomy, interaction style, competition, and email reliance relate to a climate of incivility. Data for the study come from a national sample of law school faculty (N =1,300; 52% males; 86% white) who were members of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS). Results from a series of multiple regression analyses indicated that four of the five proposed antecedents (autonomy, interaction style, governance, and competition) were predictive of an uncivil workplace climate. Results also show that autonomy is a particularly strong predictor of incivility as demonstrated by a stepwise regression analysis. Implications for organizations are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Powell, J. H. "A Network-based framework for strategic conflict resolution." Thesis, Department of Defence Management and Security Analysis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3975.

Full text

Abstract:

Strategic conflict in this work refers to the spectrum of co-operative and oppositional activities in which organisations engage when their interests meet. The origin of the work is in the management and prediction of corporate strategic conflict, but it will be seen that there are significant similarities between corporate struggle and that of international relations. Following a review of the nature of conflict and the characteristics of strategic decision making, the work examines the effectiveness of three existing general approaches to conflict modelling and management, namely informal and qualitative methods; general systems analysis methods; and game theoretic approaches. Desirable criteria for a strategic conflict management framework are derived and a framework is then proposed which has three components: - Setting thefuture environment The future of the organisation is described by a network of states of nature. Resolving the Conflict Within each of the states which represent the future, the options for participants are identified and the possible outcomes and interim states identified. An analysis of the influence and power of the participants over transitions between states is carried out, which indicates likely development paths in the conflict, from which conclusions can be drawn about both the likely outcomes, and about the actions which should be taken by a company to bring about preferred outcomes. Closing the Loop Feedback of information obtained by analysis and by contact with the real world back into the two structures described above allows examination of the effect of changing perspectives and the differing beliefs of participants. The application of the framework is shown through case studies examining thejustifiability and appropriateness of each of its elements and as a whole. These case studies cover both small and large companies, a variety of business conflict cases, both live and retrospective and draw on the recorded material in international relations for examples of non- . commercial conflict. Future development paths are identified for the concept

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Hatcher, Eric. "Perceiving Organizational Conflict: The Effect of Occupational Rank and Sex on Perceptions of Conflict in the Workplace." TopSCHOLAR®, 1999. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/783.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, perceptions of conflict were examined with respect to sex and occupational rank. The model for this study was Tjosvold's cooperation theory. Yet, unlike much of Tjosvold's work, I examined cooperation as a dependent rather than an independent variable. A reward-level pre-test was used to account for the predisposition to cooperate, and a mixed motive scale (post-test) was used to measure any differences in cooperation between occupational ranks and the sexes. Two hypotheses in this study were tested. First, in a between-rank conflict, supervisors were expected to view the conflict as competitive, while subordinates were expected to view the conflict as cooperative. Second, it was hypothesized that in a same-sex conflict women would tend to view the conflict as more cooperative then would men. Contrary to hypothesis one, occupational rank did not affect the perception of conflict or cooperation. There was partial support for the second hypothesis. Specifically, at low levels of pre-test cooperativeness, women exhibited more workplace cooperation than did men. However, at high levels of pre-test cooperativeness, the sexes did not differ in workplace cooperation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Vito, Diana. "Affective self-disclosure, conflict resolution and marital quality." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0023/NQ36799.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Henderson, Laura Noelle. "Emotional Intelligence and Conflict Management Style." UNF Digital Commons, 2006. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/361.

Full text

Abstract:

The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and conflict management was investigated using 229 college students and 4 3 participants from organizational settings. A positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence scores and use of the integrating style of handling conflict with one's bosses, one's subordinates and one's coworkers. Of the five styles of handling conflict, emotional intelligence had the highest significant positive relationship with the integrating style; this style is generally considered to be the best approach to handling conflict. High levels of emotional intelligence were associated with high levels of socially desirable responding. Emotional intelligence scores decreased with age, and no significant differences were found between scores for males and females. Regression analysis revealed that the three integrating styles of handling conflict, socially desirable responding, age and years of education explain 24% of the variance in emotional intelligence. A significant positive relationship was found between being happy in the workplace and use of the integrating style with subordinates and co-workers. The findings in this study may be applicable for organizations, in that incorporating programs aimed at increasing employees' emotional intelligence skills may be conducive to a more satisfying work environment, as well as an increase in profitability for the organization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Pangborn, Ashley J. "Narrative Conflict Coaching." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/100.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Narrative conflict coaching is a counseling technique which focuses on separating clients from their problems and encouraging them to see their lives and futures from new perspectives. It has been used in a variety of arenas and is consistent with other practices within the field of narrative conflict resolution, such as narrative mediation. In this project I utilized qualitative research methods to analyze the immediate effectiveness of conflict coaching questioning techniques within the setting of a counseling conversation. The analysis focuses on the detail of the process of narrative conflict coaching more than on the final outcomes. The data was collected through two different conflict coaching conversations, one of which was about a conflict in a work context and one in a family context. The conversational data collected was compared with a set of detailed guidelines for narrative conflict coaching specified by Dr. John Winslade and the question that was asked was whether the conflict coaching process corresponded with these guidelines. The data confirmed that this was the case and also showed some indicators of the effectiveness of narrative conflict coaching techniques through documenting the participants’ responses to each of the steps in the process. Analysis of discursive positioning from statements early in each of the conversations and also from late in each conversation indicated positioning shifts in the direction of creating an alternative narrative into which the participants might live. Both participants were shown to reach a place of difference in perspective in relation to the conflict story. It is therefore argued that the guidelines for a conflict coaching process are adaptable in at least two different areas of life. It cannot yet be generalized to all areas of conflict but looks promising for multiple personal conflict situations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Woosley, Elsa R. "A look at the relationships between MBTI psychological types and mode conflict styles." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001woosleye.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Goncy, Elizabeth A. "Conflict and Temporal and Relational Spillover of Conflict in Young Adult Romantic Relationships: Impact of Interparental and Parent-Child Relationships." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1310482081.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Edgar, Elisabeth. "Impact of Family Violence on Conflict Resolution Styles in Subsequent Adult Relationships." Thesis, Alliant International University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3605524.

Full text

Abstract:

We know that development is greatly influenced by early parenting experiences (Gauthier, 2003; Koestner, Franz, & Weinberger, 1990). Sibling violence has been shown to have long lasting effects into adulthood, including a range of mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, low self-worth, and aggression (Graham-Bermann, Cutler, Litzenberger, & Schwartz, 1994). What is less known is the combined impact of sibling violence and parental physical aggression on subsequent adult intimate partner relationships. A study was conducted with 93 participants to examine the relationship of sibling violence while controlling for the experience of parental physical aggression in childhood on conflict resolution styles experienced in adulthood. Four hierarchical regressions were conducted to determine the relative influence of parental and sibling violence as well as the severity of each type of violence on four conflict resolution styles. Participants were recruited from the internet and completed the Conflict Resolution Style Inventory (CRSI) (Kurdek, 1994) measuring current conflict resolution styles, the Conflict Tactics Scale 2 (CTS2) measuring sibling violence, and the Conflict Tactics Scales: Parent/Child Version (CTSPC) (Straus, Hamby, & Warren, 2003) measuring parental use of physical aggression. It was found that familial violence was related to three of the conflict resolution styles: Conflict Engagement, Withdrawal, and Compliance. Social learning theory could account for these findings, as what we learn in the family environment we tend to later emulate in other relationships.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Cook, Joseph Dale. "The Global Relational Attitudes Conflict Exam (Grace) Scale| An Exploratory Factor Analysis." Thesis, Regent University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3579797.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examined the reliability and validity of the Global Relational Attitudes Conflict Exam (GRACE) Scale. Individuals were studied using an online survey to determine if the GRACE scale had reliable and interpretable components, and if the scale produced statistically significant levels of internal reliability. The study also evaluated for both convergent and discriminant validity through comparison of the scale with several selected assessments. A total of 333 participants participated in the survey. An exploratory factor analysis of the data produced from survey results revealed that the GRACE scale had reliable and interpretable components. Descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient comparisons of the data demonstrated that the scale was internally reliable and valid. The hypotheses were confirmed.

Keywords: grace, gratitude, appreciation, thankfulness, revenge, vengeance, relational conflict

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Kavesh, Vanmali. "Work-family conflict among Hindu fathers in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28098.

Full text

Abstract:

This research examined work-family conflict among Hindu fathers in South Africa. Various authors have indicated that work-family conflict should be investigated in specific cultural contexts because the demands of work and family differ across various cultures. This research examined the relationships between work role overload, supervisor support, coworker support and work-family conflict. Additionally, this research also examined the moderating role of traditional Hindu cultural values (gender role ideology and family hierarchy orientation) in the relationships between work role overload, supervisor support, and work-family conflict. Secondary data from an earlier study that explored work-family conflict among Hindu parents in South Africa was used. The final sample consisted of 183 Hindu fathers involved in full-time work in South Africa. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the bi-directionality of the work-family conflict construct. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that work role overload and co-worker support were significant predictors of work-to-family conflict (W2FC), whilst work role overload was a significant predictor of family-to-work conflict (F2WC). Results of the moderated regression analyses showed that gender role ideology did not moderate the relationships between work role overload, W2FC and F2WC. Family hierarchy orientation did not moderate the relationships between supervisor support, W2FC and F2WC. The findings of this research have practical implications for management and offer suggestions for future research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Peters, Sue Ellen. "Career/home conflict, career indecision, and Holland Type : an exploration /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487688973684678.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Jones, David A. "Gender role conflict, coping, and psychological distress in gay men /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487951595502989.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Gallo, Melanie Cain. "The Impact of Need for Affect and Personality on Relationship Conflict in Groups." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10603862.

Full text

Abstract:

Relationship conflict in groups has been shown to be detrimental to group outcomes, and research notes that emotion or affect plays a significant part in its development. The Need for Affect (NFA) is a construct that reflects an individual’s attitude toward emotion and their level of desire to either approach or avoid emotion-inducing situations This study examined the relationship between NFA and relationship conflict in groups, then sought to determine whether the neuroticism personality trait was a moderator to that relationship. Members of 14 small workgroups (N = 68) in various organizations were administered a 67-question survey designed to (1) measure their individual need for affect level, (2) score their Big Five personality traits, and (3) measure intragroup conflict in their respective groups. Neuroticism was one of the five personality traits of interest because it has been shown to have a negative correlation with NFA. Pearson’s correlational analysis was run to test the neuroticism – NFA relationship, as well as the NFA – relationship conflict relationship. PROCESS moderation analysis was also conducted to test the moderation effect of neuroticism on the NFA – Conflict relationship. There was a significant negative correlation between neuroticism and NFA. However, no significant relationship existed between NFA and relationship conflict, and neuroticism did not significantly moderate that relationship.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Rogers, W. D. ""Stress" and "anger and conflict within marriage"." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Shortland, N. D. "Conflict : sacred values, decision inertia and the psychology of choice in military decision-making." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3012852/.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis focusses on how individuals make hard choices. Specifically, it focusses on the cognitive conflict that emerges when members of the Armed Forces are presented with two options that are equally adverse during combat operations. Such decisions are often high-risk and any resulting decision inertia (a form of “indecision” that I pay special attention to throughout this thesis) can be costly. The issue, however, is that, to date, psychology has done little to explore least-worst decision-making and decision inertia in military populations. To understand the psychological processes behind these types of decisions, this thesis presents qualitative data collected from Soldiers who have combat experience (e.g., in Afghanistan and Iraq). Through my analysis of this data, I then focus on values, and specifically the importance of “sacred” values, as predictors of decision-making in conditions of high-consequence, uncertainty, and least-worst options. I then take a step back, and examine what separates military and non-military decision-making and decision-makers, by studying the decision-making of Soldiers, police officers and students within a series of simulated military and non-military scenarios. Through these experimental studies, I am then able to empirically test the role of value systems in decision-making within and between these groups. Overall, as well as identifying several domain-specific and domain-general correlates of least-worst decision-making, I identify two “clusters” of values (egocentric and empathetic) which, I feel, hold special importance when considering how least-worst decisions are, and are not, made.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Phillips, Julie Ann. "Spouses' conflict profiles and the role of affect." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185531.

Full text

Abstract:

Marital research has demonstrated that one of the most important factors related to marital satisfaction is spouses' response to marital conflict. Three types of conflict behavior have been previously identified: problem solving, coercion, and avoidance. Problem solving has been linked to marital satisfaction, whereas coercion and avoidance have been linked to marital dissatisfaction. Previous marital researchers have studied couples' response to marital conflict as though spouses' typical response to conflict consists of only one of these types. In addition, marital researchers have only recently begun examining the role of emotion and cognitive processes in marital conflict. The present study is descriptive in nature and addresses three goals. First, subgroups of spouses and couples are identified based on the pattern of conflict behaviors they endorse. Second, relationships among perception of partner conflict behavior, specific emotions, and perception of self conflict behavior are explored. Third, sex differences found with regard to the first two goals are examined. Subjects consisted of two samples, a clinical sample and a research sample, resulting in a heterogeneous total sample of 117 couples. Cluster analysis identified four subgroups of husbands and five subgroups of wives. Differences in husband and wife clusters were consistent with previous marital conflict research. Although the valence of emotion was found to differentiate among the various subgroups of spouses, the type of emotion (e.g. sadness versus anger) was not found to differentiate these groups. However, regression analyses identified more complex relationships which varied with group identity and gender. In these relationships, the type of emotion was important. Limitations of the present study, clinical implications, and implications for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Rodriguez, Justin J. "How Skills Learned During Childhood Play Can Improve Interpersonal Conflict Resolution." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2268.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis investigates how the behaviors and skills learned during childhood play are conducive towards successful conflict resolution in adulthood. From reviewing the literature, it is clear that pretend play, social play, and games help the socio-cognitive development of a child. Through these types of play, children learn how to become better at taking another person’s perspective, effectively communicate, and regulate their socio- emotional behavior. Additionally, recognizing that negotiation seems to be the most mature way to handle conflict, I argue that children learn to navigate opposition through engaging in their own peer to peer conflicts during play. As a result, using their practiced perspective-taking, communication, and socio-emotional skills learned from play, they improve in their conflict management. Although there has not been substantial studies connecting play and conflict resolution, it is clear that the skills learned during play are associated with constructive resolution–-which as adults, is usually negotiation. Nonetheless, there needs to be more research done on how engaging in conflict and having these broad behaviors and attributes are more directly related to successful conflict management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Peters, Katie Marie. "Marital conflict in child custody disputes and the corresponding psychological variables." Thesis, Immaculata University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3576436.

Full text

Abstract:

Divorce can significantly and negatively impact a child's well-being (Emery, Otto, & O'Donohue, 2005; Kelly, 2000; Kushner, 2009). Although the majority of divorce disputes are settled with minimal court involvement, approximately 10% of divorcing couples require child custody evaluations. Typically, parents undergoing child custody evaluations are labeled "high-conflict," but some anecdotal evidence suggests that one parent may be driving the conflict while the other is reluctantly dragged into battle (Friedman, 2004; Kelly, 2003). Custody litigants (N = 137; 69 males, 68 females) were classified into categories of high- and low-conflict based on the presence or absence of certain variables, using archived data from a forensic psychology practice, and a rating system developed for the purposes of this study. Groups were then compared separately on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III), using three different methods of high- and low- conflict group distribution. Custody litigants tended to demonstrate profiles that were not elevated on clinical scales. Multiple t-tests did not reveal significant differences between high-conflict and low-conflict parents on MMPI-2 and MCMI-III Clinical scales. However, correlational analysis of MMPI-2 scales and Conflict Scores did show significance for a few of the scales (Scales F, 3, 6, and 8), whereas only one MCMI- III scale (Scale 7) was significant. Results were discussed in relation to a profile of MMPI-2 and MCMI-III respondents and conflict valence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Branson, Steven R. "Equipping Christians in principles of conflict management." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Jones, Cherlyn Heather Tee. "Warrior/shaman| Creative praxis for conflict transformation." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3726313.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this artistic self-case study is to explore how the role of the soldier might be transformed from service in war to service for community, via creative exploration of the archetypal figures, Warrior and Shaman. With this in mind, a creative and introspective method was tested for its efficacy in generating new images and stories to promote conflict transformation for our warrior class.

The strategy of inquiry employed is based on the case study model, modified to be a self-case study. Creation-based data was generated by the researcher to evoke intersubjective dialogue between academically rational and creatively nonrational data and processes in this research. In lieu of the traditional written chapters that comprise the body of a dissertation, “creative chapters” in the form of mixed media pictorial representations are presented. Data analysis was conducted using Abt’s (2005) articulation of Jungian picture interpretation, in order to discern meaning from each creative chapter—the titles of which served as a query for topics related to the research question.

A liberation paradigm was then utilized as a critical point of departure, to guide the issues examined (healing and community roles for our warrior class), the people for whom the study is relevant (the warrior class and practitioners working with them), the researcher’s role in the study (up front/personal; grounded in experience), and how the research was presented in its final form (written text with supporting pictorial data; conclusions drawn from creative interpretation).

The combined chapter interpretations were reviewed and analyzed in the concluding chapter for their implications in community praxis with returning soldiers and veterans. They revealed consistent themes of imbalanced masculine and feminine energies, and the need for development of an introspective, Shamanic aptitude by our Warriors in order for them to continue their duty of protection and care of their local communities.

Recommendations are then made for adapting this research model in community work with soldiers and veterans, along with suggestions for building greater levels of reliability, validity, and generalizability into creative qualitative research.

Keywords: Warrior, Shaman, trauma, conflict transformation, resilient communities, Jungian, phronesis, counterinsurgency, initiation, creative.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Pearson, Kaileen Leanne. "Healthy and harmful adolescent attachment, conflict, and anger." Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20061110.092422.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (DPsych (Counselling Psychology)) - Swinburne University of Technology, 2005.
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Professional Doctorate of Psychology (Counselling Psychology), Swinburne University of Technology - 2005. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 167-185).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Nelson, Christine A. "Childhood Exposure to Interparental Conflict: Memory Biases and Intergenerational Patterns of Conflict in Romantic Relationships." VCU Scholars Compass, 2004. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/846.

Full text

Abstract:

Testing a model that explains the ways in which interparental conflict shapes later intimate relationships was the goal of the present study. Participants were 94 college students at Virginia Commonwealth University, a large state university with a diverse student body. The study found that violence occurs with alarming frequency in the dating relationships of university students. Analyses also revealed an intergenerational pattern of violence in which individuals from high conflict homes were more likely to use violent conflict resolution strategies in their own adult romantic relationships. Specifically, young adults from homes characterized by high levels of verbal conflict and minor physical aggression were more likely to be both the perpetrator and the victim of physical violence than young adults from adaptive/low conflict homes. These young adults were also more likely to instigate verbal conflict within their own romantic relationships than individuals from adaptive/low conflict homes. Contrary to study hypotheses, young adults who witnessed severe physical violence between their parents were not more likely to be in a relationship characterized by physical or psychological aggression than other participants. Finally, the analyses support the hypothesis that dysfunctional relationship beliefs is a partial mediator through which childhood exposure to interparental conflict influences psychological aggression toward a romantic partner. No evidence of other cognitive and memory biases was found. These findings have important implications for research and intervention efforts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Rawdon, James A. "A two-weekend seminar for training the leaders and members of Parkway Baptist Church in basic skills necessary to surface and resolve low-level church conflict." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Shaw, Noskin Moira Pacifica Parvanih. "Religion, morality, mandates, and conflict exploring the moral mandate effect as a predictor of religious conflict /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2007. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Bramel, Michael H. "Patterns of cooperation, conflict, and domination in children's collaborative problem-solving." FIU Digital Commons, 1987. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1744.

Full text

Abstract:

This study examined the influence of age, expertise, and task difficulty on children's patterns of collaboration. Six- and eight-year-old children were individually pretested for ability to copy a Lego model and then paired with each other and asked to copy two more models. The design was a 3 (dyad skill level: novice, expert, or mixed) X 2 (age: six or eight) X 2 (task difficulty: moderate or complex) factorial. Results indicated that cooperation increased with age and expertise and decreased with task difficulty. However, expertise had a greater influence on younger than older children's interaction styles. It is argued that with age, social skills may become as important as expertise in determining styles of collaboration. The issue is raised of whether cooperation, domination, and independence represent developmental sequences (i.e., independence precedes cooperation) or whether they represent personal styles of interaction. Finally, it is suggested that an important goal for future research is to assess the relationship between patterns of collaboration and learning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Williams, Daniel. "Conflict Resolution: An Examination of Perceptions of Cultural Conflict Resolution Strategies in Organizations." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/419.

Full text

Abstract:

Conflict resolution research has resided at both the individual and group level for the many years. However, recent findings have provided evidence for the existence of conflict resolution strategies at the cultural level. As these recent findings indicate, the existence of such resolution styles at that macro level can have great implications on organizational outcomes. Therefore, the first goal of this study was to examine if these conflict resolution cultures would predict outcomes such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and psychological withdrawal behavior. Similarly, research on P-O fit has also provided some very interesting insights into employee behavior and attitudes. Given the idiosyncratic nature of conflict resolution and the recent findings mentioned in the previous paragraph, the second goal of this study was to examine if perceptions of congruence between an individual’s resolution style and the organization’s resolution style would affect job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and psychological withdrawal behavior. Finally, it was determined that perceptions of resolution (i.e. was the conflict constructively resolved) would be an appropriate and rather informative mediating variable for the relationships proposed above. Data was collected using a web-based survey software, which garnered 212 participants for the analysis. Evidence was found to support a majority of the proposed hypotheses. All three-conflict resolution cultures (collaborative, dominant, and avoidant) predicted the outcome variables in the directions consistent with both logic and the literature. Similarly, perceptions of resolution did mediate six of the nine proposed relationships between the resolution cultures and the outcome variables. Two of these mediation analyses were not conducted due to an insignificant initial bivariate correlation. Support was also found for all three proposed direct effects between perceptions of congruence and the proposed outcome variables. Finally, perceptions of resolution mediated the relationship between perceptions of congruence and all three-outcome variables. Again, the directions of these findings were consistent with both logic and the literature. Both the theoretical and practical implications, as well as the limitations with this study will be discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Messner, Daniel H. "Training Christian couples in conflict resolution and spiritual intimacy skills utilizing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Galindo, Edgar. "Conflicto y negociación." Bachelor's thesis, CECYTE, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17380.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Swanson, Julie A. "COVERT PROCESSES: LOYALTY CONFLICTS, CHILD INVOLVEMENT, AND PARENTAL ALIENATION AS MEDIATORS OF THE LINK BETWEEN INTERPARENTAL CONFLICT AND COLLEGE STUDENT ADJUSTMENT." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1123013692.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Steele, John Paul. "Conflict efficacy : antecedents and consequences." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Thomson, Douglas. "Masculine role conflict, shame-proneness and psychological adjustment : testing a mediational model /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3144462.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

McCarthy, Joanne. "Identity formation and conflict in older Irish gay men." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2012. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/18950/.

Full text

Abstract:

Gay Irish men over 55 grew up in the 1950s and 1960s when homosexuality in Ireland was illegal, the Catholic Church was an unquestioned dominance within society and the heterosexual family was seen as the basic unit of the Catholic state. The power of the Catholic Church, homophobia and repressive laws combined to create an atmosphere that made many people unable or unsafe to admit their sexuality. Gay men constructed their identity under a cloak of secrecy and negotiated any identity threat and conflict between their multiple identities alone. Evidence suggests that gay and lesbian individuals with religious identities face greater social and psychosocial challenges due to their identity configuration. Furthermore, the challenges faced within identity construction, and the obstacles of threat and conflict, have shown to affect an individual’s mental health. Using the interpretive lens of Identity Process Theory (IPT) the present study used a qualitative design to explore how older gay Irish men (over the age of 55) understand and construct their sexual identity and investigate the strategies they used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven older gay men to explore their experiences, perceptions and understanding of being an older gay person in Ireland and the UK. Thematic analysis identified three themes i) experiences of sexual awareness and identity conflict; ii) the dilemma of ‘staying in ‘ vs. ‘coming out’; iii) dealing with identity conflict. The results suggested that many men faced challenges and barriers to constructing a stable identity. Religious and cultural experiences played a central role in Irish men’s identity acquisition and how they made sense of it. The results show ways in which identity conflicts were created and how the men developed strategies to minimise these conflicts. The study has implications for professionals working therapeutically with sexual minority clients. Recommendations are provided for improved understanding of sexuality issues concerning minority clients within therapeutic work. Health practitioners need to be willing to engage in discussion about the effect that religious and cultural influences have on a client’s well-being, as this will help support patients, reduce psychological distress and improve therapy outcomes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Harwood, Elizabeth Anne. "Attachment, Personality, and Conflict Behaviors in Romantic Couples: Examining Vulnerability to Depression." The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12112008-131225/.

Full text

Abstract:

Major Depressive Disorder has been conceptualized from a number of theoretical perspectives. The present study aims to provide a theoretically integrated understanding of depression vulnerability. Cognitive and interpersonal theories of depressive vulnerability were considered simultaneously in a sample of undergraduate research participants. Study procedures included an attachment elicitation exercise, which was preceded by completion of a self-report measure of depressive and anxious affect. The attachment elicitation exercise was followed by self-report measures of relationship behavior, adult attachment style, cognitive vulnerability, depressive symptomatology, and additional self-report measures of affect. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that the effects of insecure attachment and cognitive personal style on relational behavior are complex. Anxiously attached, sociotropic individuals appear to utilize more passive-aggressive behaviors (i.e., negativity) to negotiate conflict and avoidantly attached, autonomous individuals reported engagement in more overt, distancing behaviors (i.e., negative escalation and withdrawal). Moreover, significant interactions between avoidant attachment and autonomy suggested that the greatest impact on behavior occurred when autonomy was high and avoidant attachment was low. It appears that avoidant attachment may suppress some of the negative emotional expressions or behaviors of highly autonomous individuals. Contrary to expectations, insecure attachment and cognitive personal style did not predict pre- to post-changes in depressive affect, although these relationships were significant for both pre-stress induction affect and post-stress induction affect. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Orbell, Sheina Dinah Mary. "Living with conflict in Northern Ireland : stress, adaptation and mental health." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356958.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Silva, Lívia Maria Ferreira da 1976. "Conflitos entre alunos de 8 e 9 anos : causas, estratégias e finalizações." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254148.

Full text

Abstract:

Orientador: Telma Pileggi Vinha
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T09:21:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_LiviaMariaFerreirada_D.pdf: 4102044 bytes, checksum: 8442c3c5e7cacf8c1dcffbe8cb7ea0d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Fundamentado na teoria piagetiana, este trabalho se constitui de um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo, que tem como objetivos identificar as causas, as estratégias empregadas e as finalizações dos conflitos interpessoais entre os alunos de oito e nove anos, bem como investigar diferenças nas formas como essas crianças resolvem os conflitos vividos e como julgam solucioná-los. Objetiva, ainda, comparar essas mesmas variáveis entre os alunos de três e quatro, e cinco e seis anos, participantes de um estudo anterior, análogo. A amostra foi constituída por 30 alunos do terceiro ano do Ensino Fundamental I de uma escola municipal do interior paulista, escolhidas por conveniência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de sessões de observação da rotina escolar no decorrer de um semestre letivo, totalizando 92 horas, sendo encerrado por saturação. Para avaliar como os alunos julgavam resolver conflitos, foram apresentadas, por meio de entrevistas clínicas, histórias em que se apresentavam conflitos hipotéticos, elaboradas com base na identificação das principais causas das desavenças entre as crianças. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas (P<0.001) entre os grupos etários pesquisados, sendo a disputa física a principal causa de conflito entre as crianças de três e quatro anos e de cinco e seis anos, porém, ela declina, significativamente, aos oito e nove anos, cedendo lugar à provocação e à reação ao comportamento perturbador. As estratégias físicas e impulsivas predominam nos grupos de três e quatro anos e no de cinco e seis anos, diminuindo, significativamente (P<0.001), aos oito e nove anos. Os participantes de oito e nove anos empregaram mais estratégias unilaterais do que os participantes dos outros dois grupos etários (P<0.001). Tais resultados indicam que as estratégias apresentam uma evolução no que se refere à tomada e coordenação de perspectiva, bem como maior autorregulação dos impulsos. Nas três faixas etárias estudadas, os conflitos foram principalmente abandonados, indicando a limitação das estratégias empregadas. Quanto à comparação entre o juízo e a ação, os alunos de três e quatro anos e de cinco e seis anos apresentaram estratégias mais sofisticadas na vivência dos conflitos reais, quando comparadas com as respostas emitidas nas entrevistas. Contudo, no grupo de crianças de oito e nove anos, as estratégias de resolução de conflitos mais evoluídas, em termos de competências psicossociais, foram apresentadas com maior frequência na resolução de conflitos hipotéticos do que nos conflitos reais vivenciados. Tais achados são coerentes com a teoria piagetiana a respeito da precocidade da ação em relação ao juízo nas crianças pré-operatórias e, paulatinamente, pelo processo de tomada de consciência, o juízo antecipa-se em relação à ação. A contribuição do estudo caracteriza-se, portanto, no detalhamento das evoluções da compreensão e da vivência dos conflitos interpessoais, oferecendo subsídios para o planejamento de intervenções mais afinadas com as necessidades próprias de cada faixa etária, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de estratégias de resolução de conflitos mais cooperativas
Abstract: Based on Piaget¿s theory aims at identifying the causes, this research is a qualitative and quantitative study, wich aim is to identify the causes, the strategies employed and the outcomes of interpersonal conflicts of students of 8th and 9th grades as well as investigating the differences in the ways these children solve them and how they understand their resolution. It also aims at comparing these variables among 3, 4, 5 and 6 year old students who were part of a similar previous study. The sample group was made of 30 students of the 3rd grade of Elementary School of a municipal school in the state of São Paulo, chosen by convenience. Data were collected in 92 hours of observation sessions of the school routine throughout a semester and were concluded by saturation. Evaluations were carried through clinical interviews, during which stories containing hypothetical conflicts were told based on identification of the main cause of conflict among children. Significant differences (P<0.001) were found among the age groups researched: among 3 and 4, and 5 and 6 year-olds, physical dispute is the main cause of conflict; there is a significant (P<0.001) decline in this data in 8 and 9 year-olds, being replaced by teasing and reaction to disturbing behavior. Physical and impulsive strategies were prevalent in the groups of 3 and 4 and 5 and 6 year olds decreasing significantly (P<0.001) in 8 and 9 year old participants. This group used more unilateral strategies than the participants of the two other age groups. These results indicate there is a development in the strategies concerning taking and coordination of perspective, as well as better self regulation of impulses. In the three age groups studied, conflicts were mainly abandoned, which indicates the limitation of strategies used. As to the comparison between judgment and action, 3 and 4, and 5 and 6 year old students showed more sophisticated strategies in the actual living of conflicts when compared to the answers given during interviews. However, in the 8 and 9 year-old group, solution strategies for conflicts were more developed in terms of psychosocial capacity in the resolution of hypothetical conflicts than in real ones. Such findings are coherent to Piaget¿s theory about action taking previous to judgment in pre-operational children who, gradually, as they develop self-awareness, let judgment precede action. Therefore, the contribution of the study was to detail the development of the understanding and living of interpersonal conflicts, which may help the planning of interventions that are more accurate for each age group, aiding the development of strategies for more cooperative conflict resolution
Doutorado
Psicologia Educacional
Doutora em Educação

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Feldman, Clyde Myles. "The role of conflict-based communication patterns in male physical aggression toward female partners." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282790.

Full text

Abstract:

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the association between twenty conflict-based, communication patterns and the level of occurrence (categorical variable) and frequency (continuous variable) of male physical aggression towards female partners. Participants were 280 male volunteers drawn from a community preventative health clinic (n = 236) and from a domestic violence monitoring program for misdemeanor domestic violence offenses (n = 44). Males reported on nine verbally aggressive, five avoidance/withdraw, and six problem-solving/cooperation communication patterns for both self and partner. The communication patterns included mutual verbal aggression, unilateral verbal aggression, threaten/back down, blame/defend, pressure/resist, mutual avoidance, unilateral avoidance, demand/withdraw, mutual problem-solving, unilateral problem-solving, and net constructive communication (i.e., mutual problem-solving minus mutual verbal aggression). Four groups were formed based upon the occurrence of physically aggressive acts during the last twelve months: (a) completely nonviolent, (b) nonviolent toward partner but violent toward others, (c) 1-5 instances of violence toward partner, and (d) 6 or more instances of violence toward partner. Relationship distress was also examined as a moderator and as distress-nonviolence contrasted with violence. Primary findings were that 19 of 20 communication patterns were significantly associated with low and/or high frequency of physical aggression in comparison to nonviolence. Verbally aggressive patterns contributed most (33%), problem-solving/cooperation patterns contributed the second most (27%), and avoidance/withdraw patterns contributing the least (13%) to explaining differences in the level of occurrence of physical aggression. The seven strongest communication patterns indicated that physically aggressive relationships had more mutual verbal aggression, more male and female unilateral aggression, more male threaten/partner back down, less net constructive communication, less mutual problem-solving, and more male demand/partner withdraw than their nonviolent counterparts. Relationship distress was not found to moderate the relationships between any of the twenty communication patterns and physical aggression. Furthermore, only five patterns were found to be more characteristic of physically aggressive relationships than distressed, nonviolent relationships (the above seven patterns excluding problem-solving and demand/withdraw); the other fifteen were equally characteristic of either physical aggression or distress-nonviolence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ahern, Lisa Senatore. "Links Between Violence and Conflict in the Family of Origin and Conflict Resolution Strategies of Emerging Adults: An Examination of Gender Differences." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04282006-000023/.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation between family violence history and conflict resolution strategies among emerging adults (ages 18-19), a group largely overlooked in the research. Undergraduates (N = 249) completed self-report questionnaires regarding conflict strategies witnessed and experienced in the home during their adolescence and regarding the likelihood of using certain conflict resolution strategies with a romantic partner in response to hypothetical vignettes. Results indicated that family violence history did not predict conflict resolution strategies for the full sample. However, for a subsample of participants who had experienced physical aggression in the home, experiencing that aggression predicted later use of hostile strategies with a romantic partner. Witnessing aggression predicted later hostile strategy use for men, but not women. For both the full and subsamples, witnessing and experiencing reasoning in the home predicted later use of prosocial strategies.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conflict (Psychology)'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles