Academic literature on the topic 'Conflicting edges'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Conflicting edges.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Conflicting edges"
1
Zoll, Cheryl. "Conflicting directionality." Phonology 14, no. 2 (August 1997): 263–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675797003369.
Full textAbstract:
Certain kinds of complex phenomena serve as testing and proving grounds in phonology as theories develop and change. Cases of what I will call CONFLICTING DIRECTIONALITY, exemplified by the stress pattern in Selkup (Ostyak-Samoyed) in (1), constitute one such phenomenon (Halle & Clements 1983, Idsardi 1992). This pattern, first discussed for Eastern Cheremis by Kiparsky (1973) (from Itkonen 1955), has informed all major theories of stress (Hayes 1981, 1995, Prince 1983, Halle & Vergnaud 1987, Kenstowicz 1995, Halle & Idsardi 1995, among others). Descriptively, in Selkup the rightmost heavy (CVV) syllable receives the stress (1a), but if the word contains no heavy syllables, it is the leftmost syllable which is stressed (1b). The term CONFLICTING DIRECTIONALITY describes this elsewhere relationship between the right and left edges of a word. No theory of stress is complete if it cannot account for this pattern.
2
Sharman, Rebecca J., Paul V. McGraw, and Jonathan W. Peirce. "Cue Combination of Conflicting Color and Luminance Edges." i-Perception 6, no. 6 (November 30, 2015): 204166951562121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669515621215.
Full text
3
Sharman, R. J., P. V. McGraw, and J. W. Peirce. "Cue combination of conflicting color and luminance edges." Journal of Vision 13, no. 9 (July 25, 2013): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/13.9.1257.
Full text
4
Likhith, H. G., H. L. Nishanth, E. Lohit, M. S. Rudramurthy, S. A. Sushma, and T. G. Keerthan Kumar. "Development of data driven adaptive edge detectors for image processing." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1187, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1187/1/012032.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In most vision processing activities, the early stage involves identifying the features in an image that provide cues to structure and properties of the object in the scene. Most common features in an image or in a scene arel edges. Edges arel significant local changes in intensity within anlimage. Most important goal of edge detection is to produce a line drawing from anlimage representing the scene. The significant features of an image such as line, curve and corners can be extracted from edges. During the stage of discovering and exploring the information from an image of that scene, edge detection is the most important and early-stage activity and as such it is prominent active area in image processing. Most popular edge detection algorithm such as Robert, Sobel, Canny, Prewitt and Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG), etc. are currently in use. This paper emphasis on an experimental study of limitations of conventional edge detectors and to devise a novel approach to resolve the conflicting issues i.e., limitations of these edge detectors in adaptive space utilizing novel methods such as Bi-dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition (BEMD), Image Empirical Mode Decomposition (IEMD), Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (CEEMD) and Multivariate Decomposition techniques. Further, to study the performance of these modified edge detectors on the images of complex scenes which are of societal and agricultural importance.
5
Wahungu, Geoffrey M., Carla P. Catterall, and Mike F. Olsen. "Predator avoidance, feeding and habitat use in the red-necked pademelon, Thylogale thetis, at rainforest edges." Australian Journal of Zoology 49, no. 1 (2001): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00044.
Full textAbstract:
Food acquisition and predator avoidance are principal, but often conflicting, components of the survival strategies of most animals. We investigated the behaviour of red-necked pademelons, Thylogale thetis, (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in pasture adjacent to rainforest edges in eastern Australia, by testing the relationships among age and sex of individuals, time of day, season, site, distance from cover (forest edge), feeding, vigilance and group size. Foraging behaviour was responsive to changes in predation risk. Feeding and vigilance activities accounted for most of the activity budget of foraging pademelons, and were negatively correlated. Reproductive females and individuals in smaller groups foraged closer to forest edges, were more vigilant and spent less time feeding. Vigilance decreased with increasing group size even after controlling for other confounding factors. Increased predation risks of feeding further from forest cover were offset by the pademelons doing so only if their group size was large, so that the time allocated to vigilance did not increase.
6
Oehler, James D., and John A. Litvaitis. "The role of spatial scale in understanding responses of medium-sized carnivores to forest fragmentation." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 11 (November 1, 1996): 2070–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-235.
Full textAbstract:
Increased predation has been suggested as a proximate factor causing the decline of vertebrate diversity in many human-altered landscapes. Previous studies on this topic have provided conflicting results, perhaps as a consequence of the limited spatial scale used in these investigations. We incorporated a multiscaled approach (using site, plot (1.44 km2), and landscape (54 km2)) to investigate the distribution of activity of medium-sized carnivores relative to habitat edges and the numeric responses of these predators to habitat diversity. Among the taxa surveyed, raccoons (Procyon lotor) did not show an affinity for habitat edges at any spatial scale. However, raccoons were more abundant in landscapes characterized by a diversity of cover types. Free-ranging domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and cats (Felis domesticus) did not respond to the proximity of habitat edges in summer but showed a strong affinity for edge habitats (especially those associated with human dwellings) during winter. Wild canids (Vulpes vulpes and Canis latrans) also selected sites in close proximity to edges in winter and were more abundant in diverse landscapes. Although human-dominated habitats (agricultural areas, grass–brushland, and developed sites) represented only 7–27% of the three landscapes studied, populations of generalist predators (raccoons and wild canids) increased as landscapes became more diverse. As a result, even moderate levels of habitat fragmentation may elevate predation rates and subsequently alter the composition of prey communities.
7
O’Keeffe, Michael, and Michael M. J. Treacy. "The Symmetry and Topology of Finite and Periodic Graphs and Their Embeddings in Three-Dimensional Euclidean Space." Symmetry 14, no. 4 (April 14, 2022): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14040822.
Full textAbstract:
We make the case for the universal use of the Hermann-Mauguin (international) notation for the description of rigid-body symmetries in Euclidean space. We emphasize the importance of distinguishing between graphs and their embeddings and provide examples of 0-, 1-, 2-, and 3-periodic structures. Embeddings of graphs are given as piecewise linear with finite, non-intersecting edges. We call attention to problems of conflicting terminology when disciplines such as materials chemistry and mathematics collide.
8
Kapskiy, D. V., V. N. Shutst, and P. A. Pegin. "GRAPH MODEL OF VEHICLE CONFLICT INTERACTION AT VARIOUS CROSSROADS." Science & Technique 17, no. 3 (May 31, 2018): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-3-246-254.
Full textAbstract:
The paper introduces a new notion that is a graph of crossroad transport flows. It has been shown that the given graph serves as a unification of conflict graphs. The paper provides numerical characteristics of graphs on conflict interaction of transport flows in the process of their merging and intersection at crossroads of various configuration. The following construction of the graph has been carried out: merging graphs where their nodes correspond to conflicting flows and their edges indicate what flows enter into a merging conflict between themselves; intersection graphs where graph nodes correspond to conflicting flows and their edges indicate what flows enter into an intersection conflict between themselves. Taking into account the conflict interaction between traffic and pedestrian flows, traffic conditions and traffic trajectories before possible physical interaction the traffic flow graph takes such form which contains complete information about existing conflicts for the required intersection. As a result of the construction in accordance with theoretical aspects of a graph theory and actual interaction of transport and pedestrian flows at intersections, some regularities have been revealed that allow to estimate a danger of any particular intersection within the urban street-road network. The proposals can be identified as hazard markers of an object and that is especially topical with due account of available actual data on driving regimes, traffic light regulation, flow intensity and driving speed (especially single vehicles exceeding permissible driving speed for urban traffic or taking into account local restrictions on certain sections of street-road network) which form a vehicle or pedestrian graph. The proposed approaches can be used to assess quality of road traffic in conflict areas of the street-road network in cities and settlements and public roads as well.
9
Sinshahw, Yenewondim Biadgie. "Near-lossless image compression using an improved edge adaptive hierarchical interpolation." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 20, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 1576. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i3.pp1576-1583.
Full textAbstract:
<span>In medical and scientific imaging, lossless image compression is recommended because the loss of minor details subject to medical diagnosis can lead to wrong diagniosis. On the other hand, lossy compression of medical images is required in the long run because a huge quantity of medical data needs remote storage. This, in turn, takes long time to search and transfer an image. Instead of thinking lossless or lossy image compression methods, near-loss image compression mehod can be used to compromise the two conflicting requirements. In the previous work, an edge adaptive hierarchical interpolation (EAHINT) was proposed for resolution scalable lossless compression of images. In this paper, it was enhanced for scalable near-less image compression. The interpolator of this arlgorithm swiches among one-directional, multi-directional and non-directional linear interpolators adaptively based on the strength of the edge in a 3x3 local casual context of the current pixel being predicted. The strength of the edge in local window was estimated using the variance of the the pixels in the local window. Although the actual predictors are still linear functions, the switching mechanism tried to deal with non-linear structures like edges. Simulation results demonstrate that the improved interpolation algorithm has better compression ratio over the the exsisting the original EAHINT algorithm and JPEG-Ls image compression standard. </span>
10
Jin, Mingge, Zhibing Li, Feng Huang, and Weiliang Wang. "Electronic and optical properties of CsPb2Br5: A first-principles study." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 22 (August 7, 2019): 1950266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491950266x.
Full textAbstract:
There are conflicting understandings of the electronic and optical properties of CsPb2Br5. We investigated the electronic and optical properties of CsPb2Br5 with first-principles calculations. It is confirmed that CsPb2Br5 is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 3.08 eV at GGA/PBE level and 3.72 eV at the HSE06 hybrid functional level. The PBE results demonstrate that the inclusion of SOC slightly reduces the band gap. We calculate the optical absorbance/emission spectrum of CsPb2Br5. It is found the optical absorption edges locate at 360–380 nm, shorter than the wavelength of visible light. Our results support the experimental results of Li et al. [Chem. Commun. 52 (2016) 11296] and Zhang et al. [J. Mater. Chem. C 6 (2018) 446].
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conflicting edges"
1
Pentangelo, Rosa. "Conflicting edges spanning trees and NP-Hard subgraph identification problems." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/3020.
Full textAbstract:
2016 - 2017How often do we try to get the best result with the least effort, spend as little time as possible to perform a task or make the most of the resources available in the workplace? In everyday life, the word ”optimize” is therefore often present. In particular, the optimization has as its object the study and the development of quantitative methodologies and tools for the solution of decision problems. This is a discipline born in the military field about 80 years ago. Over the years, it has found application in several sectors such as logistics and production, finance and telecommunications. Currently it has become an indispensable tool for supporting decision-making processes. The problems faced are typically those in which decisions have to be made on the use of resources available in limited quantities in order to respect an assigned set of constraints, maximizing, for example, the benefit obtainable from the use of the resources themselves... [edited by Author]
XXX ciclo
2
Dias, Phillippe Samer Lallo. "Formulations and exact algorithms for the minimumspanning tree problemwith conflicting edge pairs." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ESBF-9KJQNW.
Full textAbstract:
This work presents approaches for the exact solution of the minimum spanning tree problem under conflict constraints. Given a graph G(V,E) and a set C E x E of conflicting edge pairs, the problem consists of finding a conflict-free minimum spanning tree, i.e. feasible solutions may include at most one of the edges from each pair in C. The problem is NP-hard in the general case. Although formulations and algorithms have been discussed recently in the literature, computational results indicate considerably large duality gaps and a lack of optimality certificates for the benchmark instances. In this work, we cnsider polyhedral representations of conflict-free edge subsets as stable sets i an auxiliary conflict graph (E,C). We present integer linear programming formulations including four classes of exponentially-many constraints: two of which correspond to classic polyhedral representations of spanning trees in G, and two for strengthening the intersection with relaxations of the polytope of stable sets in (with clique and odd-cycle inequalities). We introduce and evaluate a preprocessing method and branch and cut algorithms. Encouraging results consistently improve on those previously available in the literature. New feasibility and optimality certificates are provided, and stronger dual bounds are already obtained in the initial linear relaxation of the formulations, even for the hardest instances in the standard benchmark.Este trabalho apresenta abordagens para a solução exata do problema de árvores geradoras míniimas sob restrições de conflito. Dados um grafo G(V,E) e um conjunto C E x E de pares de arestas conflitantes, busca-se uma árvore geradora mínima de G incluindo no máximo uma das arestas de cada par em C. O problema é NP-difícil no caso geral e, embora formulações e algoritmos tenham sido discutidos recentemente na literatura, resultados computacionais apresentavam gaps de dualidade consideravelmente grandes e não forneciam certificados de otimalidade para conjuntos de instâncias padrão do problema. Neste trabalho exploramos representações poliédricas de subconjuntos de arestas livres de conflitos como conjuntos independentes em um grafo de conflitos auxiliar (E,C). Apresentamos formulações em programação linear inteira envolvendo quatro classes de desigualdades com número exponencial de restrições: duas para representações poliédricas clássicas de árvores geradoras em G, duas fortalecendo a interseção com relaxações do politopo de conjuntos independentes em (restringindo cliques e ciclos ímpares). Propomos e avaliamos computacionalmente um método de pré-processamento e algoritmos branch and cut. As soluções obtidas superam de forma consistente os melhores resultados disponíveis na literatura anteriormente. Novos certificados de viabilidade e otimalidade são obtidos, além de limites duais mais fortes já na relaxação linear inicial das formulações, mesmo para instâncias mais difícies do benchmark padrão.
3
Folstein, Jonathan Robert. "On the Category's Edge: Event-Related Potential Correlates of Novelty and Conflicting Information in Rule-Based Categorization." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195807.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of a review of the N2 component of the ERP and five experiments investigating the role of complex visual object categorization in modulating the N2 and two other ERP components: the P300, and a late prefrontal positivity. In the review, we focus on paradigms that elicit N2 components with an anterior scalp distribution, namely cognitive control, novelty, and sequential matching, arguing that the anterior N2 should be divided into separate control- and mismatch-related subcomponents. The experiments manipulated categorical typicality and the presence of conflicting information as participants categorized multi-featured artificial animals. In Experiments 1 and 2, rule-irrelevant features were correlated with particular categories during training. During transfer, participants applied a one- dimensional rule to stimuli with category-congruent, category-incongruent, or novel rule-irrelevant features. Category-incongruent and novel features delayed RT and P300 latency, but had no effect on the N2. Experiment 3 used a two-dimensional rule to create conflict between rule-relevant features. Conflict resulted in prolonged RTs, P300 latency, and larger amplitudes of a prefrontal positive component, but had no impact on the N2. Novel features did enhance the N2 relative to frequent features. In Experiments 4 and 5, participants categorized stimuli using a more complex three dimensional rule. Conflicting stimuli shared two features with one prototype and one feature with a second prototype while prototypes contained no conflicting information. A third category contained stimuli with either common or novel features. Again, perceptual novelty, but not conflict, increased the amplitude of the N2. Compared to prototypes, stimuli with conflicting information slowed reaction times but had no effect on P300 latency, instead enhancing a late prefrontal positive component. These results suggest limitations on the generality of the N2's sensitivity to conflicting information, while confirming its sensitivity to attended visual novelty. We suggest that, while P300 latency tracks stimulus evaluation time, application of a complex categorization rule requires a later stage of evaluation involving prefrontal cortex. In very complex rules, computations indexed by the P3 may be terminated early in favor of computations in PFC.
Books on the topic "Conflicting edges"
1
Kaveny, Cathleen. Ethics at the Edges of Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190612290.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Ethics at the Edges of Law: Christian Moralists and American Legal Thought shows how methods and doctrines drawn from the American legal tradition can constructively advance the discussion of key issues in Christian ethics. More broadly, the book argues that religious ethicists should consider legal thought to be a valuable conversation partner on a par with philosophical thought. Each of the chapters places the work of an important contemporary figure in Christian ethics in conversation with particular legal cases and questions. The book is divided into three major parts: “Narratives and Norms,” “Love, Justice, and Law,” and “Legal Categories and Theological Problems.” Ethicists considered include John Noonan Jr., Stanley Hauerwas, Jeffrey Stout, Gene Outka, Margaret Farley, Paul Ramsey, Robert E. Rodes Jr., Walter Kasper, Germain Grisez and H. Tristram Engelhardt Jr. Legal topics explored include the development of the common law as a morally rich tradition, the relationship between rules and particular cases, and the role of individual experience in formulating generally applicable norms. Theological issues discussed include the meaning of covenant fidelity, the requirements of compassion, and the demands of neighbor love. Fruitful intersections between law and theological ethics are developed by considering particular examples and cases from contract law, criminal law, and health-care law. Ethics at the Edges of Law ends by examining the various and often conflicting meanings of the term “legalism,” which has long been considered a derogatory term in Christian moral thought.
2
Greenawalt, Kent. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190882860.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This introductory chapter provides an overview of legal interpretation. The question of what counts as “interpretation” and what involves extending beyond “interpretation” to a form of judicial construction is far from simple. Like most other categories, the term “interpretation” does not have precise edges; people can reasonably disagree over whether some exercise is, or is not, really interpretation. Although different uses of the term often come into play in conflicting analyses of what judges do and might do, the crucial questions concern what individuals, officials, and judges should do under the law. If the language of a legal requirement clearly suggests a particular result, when the language fits the intentions of those who formulated the requirement, and when the consequence of the result is just and makes practical sense, that application is how private citizens, enforcement officials, and judges will understand it.
Book chapters on the topic "Conflicting edges"
1
Stoyanov, Drozdstoy, and Bill Fulford. "Living at the Edge of Compromise: Balkan Pluralism as a Resource for Balanced Decision-Making." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 171–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_20.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis chapter presents a case study from Eastern Europe illustrating Balkan pluralist cultural values as a resource for balanced dissensual decision-making in values-based practice. In responding to his neighbor Ivailo’s request for a loan, Dr. Petrov has to balance the conflicting demands of financial prudence and humanitarian neighborliness. In this, he draws on the Balkan tradition of ‘living at the edge of compromise’ required to survive several centuries of occupation by different colonizing powers. Balkan pluralism so derived provides a counter example to the idea that people are inherently monistic rather than pluralistic in their response to conflicting values and thus opens up new approaches to implementing values-based practice.
2
Watson, Sethina. "Reading around the Edges." In On Hospitals, 31–56. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847533.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter re-evaluates the place of hospitals in canon law by looking at the period c.1140–c.1275, the critical era that witnessed, simultaneously, the charitable revolution and the consolidation of classical canon law. It surveys the main—and conflicting—hypotheses for the development of hospitals in law at this time, to unearth an underlying problem: lack of explicit canon law for hospitals. The chapter goes on to argue that this absence of law provides the key to understanding welfare houses under the church. It was the consequence of the church’s inability to claim a general jurisdiction over hospitals and so to address them in canon law. This inability provides a key to reading law, as the general papal councils reveal. Lateran IV (1215) offered a call for alms to provide for the poor in hospitals, while Alexander III’s Lateran III (1179) offered Cum dicat Apostolus, an argument for the ecclesiastical defence of leper-houses that made no mention of the places themselves. In a similar fashion, Lateran II (1139) issued a decree against false nuns that aimed to stamp out a problem (and opportunity) fostered by the growing number of hospitals. Together, they reveal both the constraints and the imaginative legal activity of councils, who reached beyond the facilities themselves to solicit others to act. The implication, the chapter concludes, is that councils could act on people, not places, and that welfare facilities were places, not communities.
3
Fleck, Leonard M. "Precision Medicine, Diffuse Wickedness." In Precision Medicine and Distributive Justice, 50—C3.N15. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197647721.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Many of the health care justice issues raised by precision medicine have a “wicked” quality. That means the problems are inherently complex, lacking in complete knowledge, reflecting conflicting social values, and marked by social disagreement regarding the criteria that should be used to assess potential resolutions. The problems are wicked because of the inherent uncertainty and complexity of precision medicine, the fragmented structure of health care financing in the United States, and conflicts regarding various theories of health care justice. Ibrutinib, a targeted cancer drug used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia, is used as an illustrative case study of several wicked problems of health care justice. A dominant wicked problem is referred to as “ragged edges.” No bright line exists in nature or in medicine or in ethics that affirms the just claims of some patients to a targeted therapy and denies that therapy to others.
4
Weir, Andrew. "Fragments and left-edge ellipsis." In The Derivational Timing of Ellipsis, 253–90. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198849490.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides a unified treatment of fragment ellipsis and left-edge ellipsis in English. Both processes are argued to be cases of ellipsis at the syntax–prosody interface, very late in the derivation. A formalization is given in terms of an optimality-theoretic approach to the syntax-prosody interface. Left-edge ellipsis is motivated by a constraint favoring Strong Starts to prosodic constituents, while fragment ellipsis occurs because of the conflicting requirements of different constraints on linearization of focused constituents. In both cases, the optionality of ellipsis is captured by variable re-ranking of the (ellipsis-disfavouring) Max constraint with respect to the markedness constraints which favour ellipsis. On this view, although syntactic processes (in particular LF-movement of foci) feed fragment ellipsis, there is no syntactic licensing of fragment ellipsis as such. The chapter also discusses the role of Recoverability in constraining the interpretation of these elided structures and ensuring that ellipses are not over-generated.
5
Bay-Larsen, Ingrid, Erlend A.T. Hermansen, and Tone G. Bjørndal. "Den menneskeskapte iskanten – Om vitenskapelig sannhetssøken og uavhengighet i en kunnskapsbasert forvaltning." In Interessekonflikter i forskning, 131–52. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.63.ch6.
Full textAbstract:
In this chapter we explore how the geographical position of the marginal ice zone in the Barents Sea became the center of a hot political debate. In 2015, new data sets on the retreat of sea ice were introduced by the Norwegian government, indicating how petroleum drilling could take place without conflicting with the vulnerable ice ecosystem. In the public debate that followed, four different definitions of the ice edge zone were introduced, each providing different geographical positions of the ice edge. These multiple definitions directly corresponded to various political views on the exploration of petroleum in the Barents Sea. The analysis shows how ethical principles connected to scientific rigor and independence may be put on trial when conflicts of interests escalate in policy debates. This chapter demonstrates the mismatch between ethical ideals and practice in knowledge-based management, and discusses what their democratic implications might be.
6
Mallick, Rajnish, and Ranjan Ganguli. "Robust Design of Helicopter Rotor Flaps Using Bat Algorithm." In Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics, 418–45. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4766-2.ch019.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this chapter is to determine an optimal trailing edge flap configuration and flap location to achieve minimum hub vibration levels and flap actuation power simultaneously. An aeroelastic analysis of a soft in-plane four-bladed rotor is performed in conjunction with optimal control. A second-order polynomial response surface based on an orthogonal array (OA) with 3-level design describes both the objectives adequately. Two new orthogonal arrays called MGB2P-OA and MGB4P-OA are proposed to generate nonlinear response surfaces with all interaction terms for two and four parameters, respectively. A multi-objective bat algorithm (MOBA) approach is used to obtain the optimal design point for the mutually conflicting objectives. MOBA is a recently developed nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm that is based on the echolocation behaviour of bats. It is found that MOBA inspired Pareto optimal trailing edge flap design reduces vibration levels by 73% and flap actuation power by 27% in comparison with the baseline design.
7
Solainayagi, P., G. O. Jijina, K. Sujatha, N. Kanimozhi, N. Kanya, and S. Sendilvelan. "Trust discovery and information retrieval using artificial intelligence tools from multiple conflicting sources of web cloud computing and e-commerce users." In Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for EDGE Computing, 103–19. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824054-0.00016-2.
Full text
8
Graham, S. Scott. "How to Make an AI." In The Doctor and the Algorithm, 20–40. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197644461.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This chapter describes how health artificial intelligence (AI) development is embedded in multifaceted sociotechnical systems that involve not only cutting-edge advances in computer science and medicine, but also scientific standards, regulatory structures, and economic systems. It describes how algorithms find patterns in numeric representations, and how AI accuracy is measured following one of several conflicting approaches established by federal regulation and scientific communities. The chapter details how AI development is a complex choreography of humans and technology. It also offers an orientation to the technical details of AI development and explores how the many systems that compose AI are assembled into a single package or product. Along the way, the chapter describes how bias can enter the sociotechnical systems of deep medicine in different ways at different moments in the AI development process.
9
Singh, Vikash Kumar, Sajal Mukhopadhyay, Fatos Xhafa, and Paul Krause. "A Quality-Assuring, Combinatorial Auction Based Mechanism for IoT-Based Crowdsourcing." In Advances in Edge Computing: Massive Parallel Processing and Applications. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc200006.
Full textAbstract:
In this chapter, we study some research issues from IoT-based crowdsourcing in a strategic setting. We have considered the scenario in IoT-based crowdsourcing, where there are multiple task requesters and multiple IoT devices as task executors. Each task requester has multiple tasks, with the tasks having start and finish times. Based on the start and finish times, the tasks are to be distributed into different slots. On the other hand, in each slot, each IoT device requests for the set of tasks that it wants to execute along with the valuation that it will charge in exchange for its service. Both the requested set of tasks and the valuations are private informations. Given such scenario, the objective is to allocate the subset of IoT devices to the tasks in a non-conflicting manner with the objective of maximizing the social welfare. For the purpose of determining the unknown quality of the IoT devices we have utilized the concept of peer grading. Therefore, we have designed a truthful mechanism for the problem under investigation that also allows us to have the true information about the quality of the IoT devices.
10
Lidberg, Simon, Marcus Frantzén, Tehseen Aslam, and Amos H. C. Ng. "A Knowledge Extraction Platform for Reproducible Decision-Support from Multi-Objective Optimization Data." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220191.
Full textAbstract:
Simulation and optimization enables companies to take decision based on data, and allows prescriptive analysis of current and future production scenarios, creating a competitive edge. However, it can be difficult to visualize and extract knowledge from the large amounts of data generated by a many-objective optimization genetic algorithm, especially with conflicting objectives. Existing tools offer capabilities for extracting knowledge in the form of clusters, rules, and connections. Although powerful, most existing software is proprietary and is therefore difficult to obtain, modify, and deploy, as well as for facilitating a reproducible workflow. We propose an open-source web-based application using commonly available packages in the R programming language to extract knowledge from data generated from simulation-based optimization. This application is then verified by replicating the experimental methodology of a peer-reviewed paper on knowledge extraction. Finally, further work is also discussed, focusing on method improvements and reproducible results.
Conference papers on the topic "Conflicting edges"
1
Raykov, Jordan. "Method for Orthogonal Edge Routing of Directed Layered Graphs with Edge Crossings Reduction." In 2nd International Conference on Machine Learning Techniques and Data Science (MLDS 2021). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.111821.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a method for automated orthogonal edge routing of directed layered graphs using the described edge crossings reduction heuristic algorithm. The method assumes the nodes are pre-arranged on a rectangular grid composed of layers across the flow direction and lanes along the flow direction. Both layers and lanes are separated by rectangular areas defined as pipes. Each pipe has associated segment tracks. The edges are represented as orthogonal polylines consisting of line segments and routed along the shortest paths. Each segment is assigned to a pipe and to a segment track in it. The edge crossings reduction uses an iterative algorithm to resolve crossings between segments. Conflicting segments are reassigned to adjacent segment tracks, either by swapping with adjacent segments, or by inserting new tracks and calculating the shortest paths of edges. The algorithm proved to be efficient and was implemented in an interactive graph design tool.
2
Yan, Xin. "Very Large Eddy Simulation of Film Cooling Effectiveness on Trailing Edge Cutback." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15780.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The trailing edge of high pressure gas turbine blade in aeroengine is usually designed as thin as possible to achieve higher aerodynamic efficiency. However, as the inlet temperature of modern gas turbine is continuously increasing, thermal stress in a thin trailing edge will become much significant, resulting in possibilities of erosion and creep problems. To find a balance between these two conflicting goals, one method is the use of pressure-side cutback, which extends into the coolant slot to get film cooling and also achieves a thin trailing edge. Due to the interactions between mainstream and coolant flow, film cooling effect on trailing edge cutback is significantly affected by the vortex shedding downstream the cooling slot. To resolve the coherent flow structures and understand their role on film cooling effect on trailing-edge cutback, this paper implemented a Very Large Eddy Simulation (VLES) model into the solver ANSYS Fluent with user defined functions. By introducing a resolution control factor, the turbulence viscosity predicted by transient SST k-ω model was corrected and the VLES computations were realized in the whole computational region. With the VLES method, film cooling effectiveness distributions on trailing-edge cutback at three blowing ratios were computed and compared against the experimental data. The coherent unsteadiness in cutback region was visualized to reveal the mixing process between mainstream and coolant flow. The numerical accuracies between different unsteady prediction methods, i.e. URANS (Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes), SAS (Scale-Adaptive Simulation), DES (Detached Eddy Simulation), DDES (Delayed-Detached Eddy Simulation), SBES (Stress-Blended Eddy Simulation), and VLES were compared with respect to the resolutions of cooling effect and vortex shedding. The results show that the periodic vortex shedding induced by the interactions between mainstream and coolant is the main factor that affecting the cooling performance on cutback. VLES method has a comparable accuracy in predicting the film cooling effect on trailing edge cutback with DDES and SBES approaching. In the detached shear layer, VLES method exhibits a good ability to resolve coherent unsteadiness caused by vortex shedding. Compared with URANS and SAS methods, the VLES method has a higher accuracy in resolving the periodic vortex shedding and film cooling effectiveness distributions, especially in low blowing ratio cases.
3
Rea, Francesco, Francesco Amoroso, Rosario Pecora, and Markus Kintscher. "Design of an Adaptive Twist Trailing Edge for Large Commercial Aircraft Applications." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-7939.
Full textAbstract:
Researchers and engineers design modern aircraft wings to reach high levels of efficiency with the main outcome of weight saving and airplane lift-to-drag ratio increasing. Future commercial aircraft need to be mission-adaptive to improve their operational efficiency. Twistable trailing edge could be used to improve aircraft performances during climb and off-design cruise conditions in response to variations in speed, altitude, air temperature, and other flight parameters. Indeed, “continuous” span-wise twist of the wing trailing edge could provide significant reduction of the wing root bending moment through redistribution of the aerodynamic load leading to an increase of the payload/structural weight ratio. Within the framework of the Clean Sky 2 (CS2) European research project, the authors focused on the preliminary design of a full-scale composite multifunctional tab retrofitting the outboard morphing Fowler flap of a turboprop regional aircraft. The investigation domain of the novel device is equal to 5.15 meters in span-wise direction and 10% of the local wing chord. The structural and kinematic design process of the actuation system is completely addressed: two rotary electromechanical motors, placed in the root and tip flap sections, are required to activate the inner mechanisms enabling delta twist angles up to 10 degrees along the outboard region when the flap is stowed in the wing. The structural layout of the thin-walled closed-section composite tab represents a promising concept to balance the conflicting requirements between load-carrying capability and shape adaptivity in morphing lightweight structures. The main design parameters are optimized to minimize actuation torque required for twisting while providing proper flexural rigidity to withstand limit aerodynamic pressure distributions for large airplanes. Finally, the embedded system functionality of the actuation system coupled with the composite wing trailing edge is fully investigated by means of detailed finite element simulations. Results of actuation system performances, and aeroelastic deformations considering operative aerodynamic loads demonstrate the potential of the proposed structural concept to be energy efficient, and lightweight for real aircraft implementation.
4
Wang, Guanghua, Jordi Estevadeordal, James DeLancey, Jeremy Bailey, James Kopriva, and Gregory Laskowski. "Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Heat Transfer and Flow Field in a Trailing Edge Cooling Geometry: Part 1 — Experimental Study With IR Thermography and PIV." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43841.
Full textAbstract:
Airfoil Trailing Edge (TE) cooling is critical for turbine blade and nozzle lifing and safety. Gas turbines overall efficiency enhancement requires further increasing of the turbine inlet temperature and decreasing of cooling flow usage. This requires more advanced TE designs to meet the inherent conflicting requirements. Aerodynamic requirements of thin TE, particularly in jet engines, lead to Pressure Side (PS) cutback of the TE with a span-wise slot forming uniform cooling film over the cutback/floor region. This study focused on the PS cutback TE film effectiveness and flow field measurements of a standard geometry with t/s=0.9. The measurements were conducted in a subsonic open loop wind tunnel with a generic setup to cover different TE running conditions. IR camera is used to measure the TE coupon surface temperature distribution. The test conditions are characterized by a constant main flow Mach number with constant gas temperature. CO2 at constant temperature is used as the coolant to reach the realistic blowing ratio and density ratio. Inlet boundary layer is measured by the Particle Image Velocimerty (PIV) to characterize the TE flow conditions and study the underlying flow physics. The experimental data for 2D wall contours and laterally-averaged profiles of adiabatic film effectiveness, velocity vector field and boundary layer profiles were discussed. These data will be used to provide inlet boundary conditions and validate CFD simulations in Part 2.
5
Lee, Yu-Tai, and Paul Cooper. "A Multi-Objective Optimization for a Centrifugal Fan Impeller." In ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2012-72263.
Full textAbstract:
A reduced-order flow analysis method is developed to predict impeller flow field and impeller performance characteristics for a high-specific-speed centrifugal fan attached with a double-discharge volute. The method is validated by comparing its performance prediction for a baseline fan with measurements. The flow analysis calculation not only predicts impeller flow field, but also generates impeller configurations based on given impeller design parameters. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is also developed and coupled with the reduced-order flow analysis to perform a direct online search of the nominal (deterministic) optimum impeller design envelope. An existing fan serving as the baseline fan was reverse engineered to regenerate its geometry using the current method. The optimization calculations were used to explore design variables including blade inlet and outlet angles, shroud angle and blade leading-edge span as 2, 3 and 4-variable design calculations. The 2-variable prediction concludes that the fan is limited in its performance improvement if only the blade shape is changed, which agrees with early CFD prediction results of the baseline fan. Comparing 3 and 4-variable predictions with the 2-variable predictions, larger ranges of improvement in fan performance are feasible by only considering fan aerodynamics. Furthermore the conflicting nature of design variables with regard to the fan performance improvement is also demonstrated by the prediction results.
6
Yoon, Sungho, and Patricia Cargill. "Casing Treatment: Its Potential and Limitations." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-80461.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Casing treatment is an advanced design feature intended to improve the stability of a compressor. Various investigations have been conducted based on both experimental and numerical studies at least over the last fifty years. In general, it has been demonstrated that a careful design of a casing treatment can substantially improve the stall margin of a tip-limited compressor although this generally comes with an aerodynamic efficiency penalty. This review paper revisits important past studies on casing treatments to clarify findings on the sometimes-conflicting results and understand what lessons are generally applicable to a wider group of machines. Circumferential grooves over a rotor tip have been in use for some time. Much recent work has focused on axial slots over a rotor tip, because of the significant stall margin improvement and the better efficiency potential of this configuration. This paper includes both configurations, with more emphasis on the latter. The paper concludes that casing treatment offers powerful benefits to a compressor and deserves continuing research and development. Good benefits result from axial slots which start ahead of the rotor leading edge and cover the front part of the rotor tip and include skew (tangential lean in the direction of rotation). Contributing physical mechanisms include increasing the axial momentum of the casing flow casing and reducing the aerodynamic blockage to improve the casing boundary layer and the tip leakage flow. The role of impacting unsteadiness is yet to be further clarified. Areas of further research are recommended, both experimental and analytical, including further work to understand and control the loss mechanisms, studying and controlling stage interaction effects in multi-stage compressors, and the simultaneous design optimization of the rotor blade with the casing treatment. Multi-disciplinary issues such as manufacturing cost, weight, length, durability, aeromechanics effects, tolerance to dust and ice, etc. also deserve further attention.
7
Dutta, Amit Kumar, Peter Michael Flassig, and Dieter Bestle. "A Non-Dimensional Quasi-3D Blade Design Approach With Respect to Aerodynamic Criteria." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50687.
Full textAbstract:
The competition between aero-engine manufacturers has increased dramatically in the last decades. Saving computational time within the design process, which is equivalent to saving money, is of major importance for the industry. Talking about the aerodynamic compressor blading process, it becomes indispensable to go for new or alternative ways in designing blades in order to fulfill raised performance demands. The focus of this paper, therefore, is to propose a quasi-3D aerodynamic design concept with extended and improved parameterization of the aerofoil in order to support the industrial blading process. A Be´zier-surface is selected to parameterize the non-dimensional camber-line angle distribution along the blade chord from leading to trailing edge over the entire blade height in radial direction. Starting from scratch, the geometric blade build-up is completed by superposing the resulting camber-line with a given thickness distribution. For additional increase of design freedom, Be´zier-curves are used to radially parameterize blade inlet and outlet angles in their dimensionless form. The chosen parameterization of these distributions guarantees smooth blade shapes and geometry distributions with a minimum of design parameters. For optimization purpose it is essential to get performance information on the entire blade, however, with minimal computational effort. Facing this challenge, aerodynamic blade performance is evaluated by a two-dimensional blade-to-blade flow solver for specific sections on different radial blade heights. In order to speed up the blade design process, the flow calculations are realized by a distributed computing concept on a Linux high-performance cluster. All investigations are carried out for highly loaded controlled diffusion blades which are taken from an existing industrial research application. Since selected criteria such as mean loss at design point conditions and working range for off-design flow conditions represent contradicting design goals, the blade design problem is solved by means of a multi-objective problem formulation and a stochastic optimization algorithm. As a result Pareto-optimal trade-off solutions between conflicting design goals are shown where the design engineer can choose from according to his specific preferences.
8
Everitt, Jonathan, Zoltán Spakovszky, Daniel Rusch, and Jürg Schiffman. "The Role of Impeller Outflow Conditions on the Performance of Vaned Diffusers." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56168.
Full textAbstract:
Highly-loaded impellers, typically used in turbocharger and gas turbine applications, exhaust an unsteady, transonic flow that is non-uniform across the span and pitch and swirling at angles approaching tangential. With the exception of the flow angle, conflicting data exist regarding whether these attributes have substantial influence on the performance of the downstream diffuser. This paper quantifies the relative importance of the flow angle, Mach number, non-uniformity and unsteadiness on diffuser performance, through diffuser experiments in a compressor stage and in a rotating swirling flow test rig. This is combined with steady and unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes computations. The test article is a pressure ratio 5 turbocharger compressor with an airfoil vaned diffuser. The swirling flow rig is able to generate rotor outflow conditions representative of the compressor except for the periodic pitchwise unsteadiness, and fits a 0.86 scale diffuser and volute. In both rigs, the time-mean impeller outflow is mapped across a diffuser pitch using miniaturized traversing probes developed for the purpose. Across approximately two-thirds of the stage operating range, diffuser performance is well correlated to the average impeller outflow angle when the metric used is effectiveness, which describes the pressure recovery obtained relative to the maximum possible given the average inflow angle and Mach number and the vane exit metal angle. Utilizing effectiveness captures density changes through the diffuser at higher Mach numbers; a 10% increase in pressure recovery is observed as the inlet Mach number is increased from 0.5 to 1. Further, effectiveness is shown to be largely independent of the time-averaged spanwise and unsteady pitchwise non-uniformity from the rotor; this independence is reflective of the strong mixing processes that occur in the diffuser inlet region. The observed exception is for operating points with high time-averaged vane incidence. Here, it is hypothesized that temporary excursions into high-loss flow regimes cause a nonlinear increase in loss as large unsteady angle variations pass by from the rotor. Given that straight-channel diffuser design charts typically used in preliminary radial vaned diffuser design capture neither streamtube area changes from impeller exit to the diffuser throat nor vane incidence effects, their utility is limited. An alternative approach, utilizing effectiveness and vane leading edge incidence, is proposed.