Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conflit'
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Baas, Vincent Garcia Emmanuelle. "Conflit social, conflits sociaux définition et typologie /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessride/rrbbaas.pdf.
Full textSouleau-Bertrand, Mathilde. "Le conflit mobile /." Paris : Dalloz, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/502083794.pdf.
Full textAmro-Maini, Fatma-Zohra. "Le conflit érythréen." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100175.
Full textEthiopians and Eritreans haven’t been fighting for more than a quarter of century. The former have been claiming for independence of Eritrea. The latter have always wanted it to stay within Ethiopia. Though this conflict has often been regarded as a mere problem of secession, it's much more complex than that. It originates in the 1952 decision of the United Nations that federated Eritrea with Ethiopia and which led the mere annexation of the former by the latter. Ever since Eritrea’s resistance has taken arms to demand the right for self-determination. But Ethiopia refused that because Eritrea is her only access to the sea. She asked for one super power's help after the other in order to keep Eritrea under her influence. Americans and soviets did not hesitate to step in that strategical region following their own interests. With such an international dimension, Eritrean conflict was far from being ignored by the Arabs neighbors for different reasons. But neither all these indirect or direct interventions nor the military solution advocated by Addis-Abeba have succeeded in solving this conflict
Ogier, Claire. "Le conflit d'intérêts." Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STETT083.
Full textThe rhetoric of conflicts of interest holds an important position in current judicial discussions: if legal texts and recent judgements contain the expression, the doctrine analyses this object too. However, none of its sources contains an all-encompassing definition of the conflict of interests. Would it be wrong to adopt an unitarian approach? A conflict of a rating agency that would give a positive comment about a company only because it is being paid by that company a conflict of a lawyer who would defend the opposing interests of several clients, a conflict of the civil servant who would use his/her powers to favour his/her interests at the expense of the general interest? Don’t these situations have points in common?The various demonstrations of conflicts of interests are not an obstacle to a global definition which is absolutely necessary in order to foresee previsibility and maintain judicial security. Therefore, at the end of the reflexion, the conflict could be defined as the situation in which an interest to protect due to a mission arising from competence and power, objectively estimated, is sacrificed in favour of an opposing interest. (Part 1)Moreover, a study of the means allowing regulation of conflicts of interest shows the use of identical tools and the existence of a similar logic in treating the various activities concerned. Prevention is the first aim, and in the case of failure, a sanction is necessary. However, because the regime of conflicts of interests cannot be established without having been previously notified, and because ‘positive law’ only obliges the timely revelation of the conflict by the actor in question, we suggest de lege ferenda, to generalise it thanks to the means of a principle of information (Part 2)
Souleau-Bertrand, Mathilde. "Le conflit mobile." Paris 1, 2003. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247099115.
Full textAmro-Maini, Fatma Zohra. "Le Conflit érythréen." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602318r.
Full textSouleau-Bertrand, Mathilde Lagarde Paul. "Le conflit mobile /." Paris : Dalloz, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399520747.
Full textSaïdi, Kamel. "Conflit entre la loi française et le statut personnel des Algériens musulmans : du conflit interpersonnel au conflit international." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100110.
Full textThe study turns on the influence of the decolonization over the French and Algerian relationship concerning personal statute. The question is to establish symmetry between colonial law and international private law. The decolonization didn't set up a real breaking off within the solutions: it has changed the nature of the conflict without changing anything as for the nature of the debate. The problematical point remains unchanged since the defended thesis in colonial law of mohammadan law irreducibleness restricts its acceptance in french legar order. The recourse to the rule of common law conflict indicates the passage from the interpersonal conflict to the international conflict at the same time as legal relationship are normalizing. The determination of algerians mohammedan nationality is previous to the study of the conflict of laws. The application of common law shows the divergence between the two legislation and raises the difficulties of coordination. Indeed the extension of french categories of marriage and divorce is far from screening allthat separates them, thus, the respect of personal law must falloof when fondamental values or the coherence of local legal order are threatened. Therefore we state the wearing away of personal law through the intervention of laws applying immediatly or of the international law and order. Necessity for thinking of the factor of the common domicile become timely
Misantrope, Yasmine. "Identité martiniquaise et dynamique du conflit." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30030.
Full textBased on Zavalloni ego-ecological model (1984), which defines social identity as a transaction between individual and society, this research try to explore Martinican’s identity dynamic. The MISI (Multistage Investigator of Social Identity) have been chose to put in evidence the effect of social conflict and recognition quest on the identity dynamic of this population. The results show that recognition can be done in mutual respect, exchange, like as politeness socials’ rituals (Picard, 2007) or in fight, conflict which allow to free action’s capacities
Lefeuvre, Cyprien. "Les effets de l'évolution des conflits armés sur la protection des populations civiles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1008/document.
Full textArmed conflicts have always been interspersed with numerous abuses committed against the civilian populations, notably when the war was of identity or political nature. This is also the case in number of modern conflicts. International law has however continued to strengthen in order to guarantee better protection to civilians against the effect of hostilities, notably by the signing of several conventions at the Hague and Geneva, which today constitute the basis of international humanitarian law. There is, therefore, a sharp contrast between the state of the law and the effective protection of civilians on the field. Why ? Refocusing on the analysis of modern conflicts, this work attempts to look for the cause in the development of soldier's references and in the way they influence their definition of the enemy and their conception of the role of civilians in war. It demonstrates how the evolution of the causes of conflict and the practices of soldiers in asymmetric and deconstructed conflicts tend to place more and more civilians at the heart of the war. This does not mean that international humanitarian law, adopted for the main part after the two World wars and during the seventies, is obsolete. On the contrary, its principal rules relative to the protection of the civilians are flexible enough to adapt to the challenges of modern conflicts, as long as the soldiers are willing to apply them and interpret them reasonably and honestly
Audier, Serge. "Machiavel, conflit et liberté /." Paris : Vrin, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/502264217.pdf.
Full textRousseaux, Eric. "Du conflit des légitimités." Reims, 2006. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000608.pdf.
Full textThe foundation of the power of a political authority is an essential question in political philosophy. This foundation determines its legitimacy. The classic division into natural legitimacy and conventional legitimacy brushes aside another neglected form of legitimacy: the custom. The purpose is thus to examine what makes the legitimacy of an authority: can an authority fairly claim a recognition through its natural character? Through force or paternal authority for example? Or, within the institutional framework, is it enough for a law to be a law to set up a legitimation? Finally, if the law is essentially turned towards the present time or the future, what about the custom, this authority fiom the past? Three kinds of authorities, claiming each one its legitimacy, and likely to clash. Beyond these oppositions, it's the actual foundation of an authority that must be exarnined : how does an authority manage to set itself up? How does it manage to be accepted? This archaeology of law will lead us to examine its genetic and relations with mystico-religious practices
Rousseaux, Eric Daval René. "Du conflit des légitimités." Reims : [s.n.], 2006. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000608.pdf.
Full textMohsen-Finan, Khadija. "Fonctions et enjeux du conflit du Sahara occidental : conflit régional et politiques intérieures." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0010.
Full textThe Western Sahara conflict became, within the past years, a real stake between the North African countries political relationships on the one hand, and inside every concerned country of the region, on another hand. This work, in its two dimensional aspects - regional and national demonstrates how this war interfered and reacted with the regional politics together with major reactions on the national politics of Morocco and Algeria, and to a lesser degree, Mauritania. The Polisario having a specific role in this analysis. One major aspect of this war is also the utilization of the notion of referendum for political reasons by all sides
Quiamzade, Alain. "Influence sociale et élaboration du conflit dans les tâches d'aptitudes : le conflit d'incompétences." Grenoble 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE29021.
Full textBello, Madina. "Médiation et résolution des conflits armés : le cas du conflit ivoirien (1999 - 2007)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD002.
Full textOften cited as a model of peace and stability, Ivory Coast, a West African economic powerhouse, was embroiled in a civil war in September 2002 that disrupted the institutional order. During this time, the country was divided into the Southern and Northern zones. The former, a coastal area, is referred to as the "Governmental Zone". The Northern is the area that was captured in September 2002, by a few thousand army mutineers. Between the two North and South divide lies the buffer zone called the Zone de confiance, which served as a military buffer zone between the North and the South. How did the division occur? How did the several mediation work? Could we ensure that the signing of a peace agreement guaranteed a mediation success?
Zagori, Aurélie. "La volonté dans la gestion des conflits." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS025S.
Full textConflict management is nowadays undoubtedly a major subject for economic operators who frequently mobilize their will in order to prevent, process, adjust or solve their conflicts, within the original agreement, by an agreement or during the proceedings, thus appropriating the art of justice. Individual will then confronts with the imposed order as defined by different mandatory legal sources with an intensity which varies depending on the contractual or procedural nature of the considered field. From this confrontation arise freedom’s boundaries which need to be challenged. Assessing the role of will, whether individual or joint, of the parties or of third parties, in conflict management enables the isolation of multiple conceptions of Justice, as private interest satisfaction, universal ideal achievement and public service. The position adopted by subtantive law invites to determine if a more individualistic view of justice is conceivable
Sakka, Abir. "Contribution à la compréhension du conflit auditeur - audité et des modalités de sa gestion." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090016.
Full textThis research is a contribution to the understanding of auditor-client interactions and conflicts. Based on an interpretive approach, it rests on interviews with auditors (29), auditees (20), audit committee chairmen (3) and an ex-chairman of AMF (French Market regulator). Particular attention is paid to cognitive and affective dimensions of conflict and taxonomy of auditor-client conflicts is attempted. Conflict behavioral dimension approached through its concerned areas and participants, shows conflicts’ impacts, particularly on the mission conduct. Auditors give priority to non-coercive approaches of conflict handling. Consensus building, mainly by dialoguing and negotiating, enables them to rebalance their cognitions. When managed with respect to precise criteria, auditor-auditee conflicts may be constructive
Balestrieri, Giovanni Giuseppe. "Machiavel entre ordre et conflit." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC013/document.
Full textIn the last decades or so, Discourses on Livy has become the book where Machiavelli theorizes that political freedom is a result of social conflict. An increasing number of scholars have argued, and argue, that this issue has to be taken as one of Machiavelli’s major contributions to political thought. What our thesis tries to demonstrate is that this statement has no real textual basis. And the reason is – we argue - that when you have a very close and deep look on the Discourses, you have to recognize that it’s not clear at all what Machiavelli thinks about social conflict, as he comes out with so many contradictory statements on the subject that make it impossible to talk of any kind of a theory
Eabrasu, Marian. "Une théorie politique du conflit." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/124493602#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe aim of this research is to develop a political theory of conflict and to apply it to the European political arrangement. In order to sustain that conflicts are avoided because and not in spite of European political arrangement it is necessary to introduce a right to secession. The elaboration of our political theory of conflict is based on an a-normative and transdisciplinary taxonomy of conflict and it is constructed with the help of a meta-normative and counterfactual theoretical and argumentative scaffold. Starting with the presuppositions of intentionality and scarcity we applied an analytical framework proper to axiology. Hence, normative and descriptive axiology represents the two main pillars of our political theory of conflict. The analysis of European political arrangement permits us to identify conflicts which could be avoided and resolved if the consent for putting together the common resources was required. Our political theory of conflict proposes the secession right as an assurance for this agreement
Eabrasu, Marian Guillarme Bertrand. "Une théorie politique du conflit." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/EabrasuThese.pdf.
Full textBahbouhi, Soror. "Le conflit d'intérêts du banquier." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090060.
Full textBanker’s conflict of interests is a hackneyed concept being invoked with each new crisis without being fully seized by the law. Special, autonomous and original, this concept longs earnestly to legal existence. Conflict of interest is the result of an incompatibility of a power and a duty being simultaneously in the hands of the banker. It is the situation where the banker has the power to affect an interest, pre-defined as superior, that he has the duty to protect. The concept stands at the heart of the fiduciary and agency law governing a considerable part of banker-client relationship, but is not restricted to this area and can both flourish outside the contractual context. Banker’s conflict of interests assumes the existence of a prior : a relationship of trust, which it maintenance appears to have justified many and disparate rules. Mainly inherited from regulations specific to investment services, it appears, after a critical review, that they fail to fully understand the conflict of interest in this area, let alone within its sphere of expression, which extends far beyond. A better legal management of the studied object then imposes a search for simplification and efficiency. In a prospective approach, analyzing the interpretation of legal concepts to which recourse is made to control the contractual Banker’s conflict of interests reveals that the obligation to manage the conflict of interest has common features with the traditional guarantee obligation. A comparative approach of the Anglo-American law confirms the unique nature of the banker's obligation facing the conflict of interest. Such an obligation necessarily require specific rules and a draft is being proposed in the thesis
Touquet, Cédric. "Mésententes, discordes et autres histoires : une anthropologie du conflit en milieu périurbain (Bandiagara, Mali)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10043.
Full textSignol, Caroline. "Influence sociale et dissonance cognitive : contribution a la theorie de l'elaboration du conflit." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20053.
Full textAccording to the conflict elaboration theory (perez et mugny, 1993), indirect majority influence results from a personnal elaboration of conflict, by the mean of a validation process. We present two experiments, using a non ambiguous objective task, defined by the conflict elaboration theory, which tests a different hypothesis : indirect majority influence would be the result of a dissonance due to a social disagreement reduction or the result of a post-decision dissonance reduction, resulting from the conflicting choices that the subjects must take in an influence situation (to adopt the source's responses or to keep their own ones). These choices produce dissonance because each of the alternatives are both related to negative cognitive elements and positive cognitive elements. In these two experiments, several variables are operationnalised (among them, denial and the opportunity for the subjects to express themself on the direct dimension during the influence phase). The first experiment confirms the hypothesis related to the post-decision dissonance and invalidates the hypothesis related to the dissonance due to a social disagreement. The second experiment, operationnalizing independance and interdependance contexts, supports the post-decision dissonance explanation. These two experiments confirm the hypothesis related to the post-decision dissonance, and bring some new informations about the validation process. We knew what were the conditions of appearance of the validation process : the reason why it starts up is now explained by a dissonance reduction. Moreover, our results bring some new informations about denial, showing the impact of two others variables (direct expression vs no direct expression and independance vs interdependance contexts) on it
Leblois, Sylvie. "Donner et utiliser des conseils en situation de conflit d'intérêts." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00832791.
Full textDarnon, Céline. "Conflit sociocognitif et buts d'accomplissement : effets interactifs sur l'apprentissage et le mode de régulation du conflit." Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE29023.
Full textLemus, Martinez Violetta. "Versions en conflit, versions d’un conflit : l’Intervention française au Mexique (1862-1867) entre histoire et fiction." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA064/document.
Full textIn this doctoral dissertation, we are studying a selection of both Mexican and French literary works related to the historic events of the Second French Intervention in Mexico (1862-1867) and of the Second Mexican Empire (1864-1867). This body of works has been published between the XIXth and the XXIth century and has been selected, both because their poetic and political thoughts are emblematic of this period and because they have contributed to the construction of a Mexican cultural and identity iconography. We have decided to select the fiction and theatrical genres, to carry out a comparative and diachronic analysis. The decision of which literary works and authors to include has been made based on how both the French Intervention and the way it has been depicted in literature, have been dealt with in particular in each literary work and each author we considered to studied. The studied novels belong to the sub-genre of serialized fiction in the XIXth century with, on the French side, Benito Vázquez (1869) by Lucien Biart and Doña Flor (1877) by Gustave Aimard and, on the Mexican side, Clemencia (1869) by Manuel Altamirano and El Cerro de las Campanas (1868) by Juan Mateos. As far as theatre plays are concerned, we have carried out a comparative study of both Corona de Sombra (1943) by Rodolfo Usigli and Charlotte et Maximilien (1945) by Maurice Rostand. We have completed our analysis with a complementary study of El Tuerto es Rey (1970) by Carlos Fuentes. Regarding more contemporaneous historic and literary creations, we chose to include Noticias del Imperio (1987) by Fernando del Paso and Yo, el francés by Jean Meyer (2002). This corpus allows to carry out a comparative, linguistic, semiotic and literary analysis of afore-mentioned works. Such analysis calls for a thorough reflection on the interpretation of conflict, an armed and political conflict which influenced both History and Mexican and French literary productions
Al, Kaisi Fahmi. "L'analyse juridique du conflit irako-iranien." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10055.
Full textPaul, Michel. "Du conflit entre salariés et chômeurs." Paris 12, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA122001.
Full textOne of the main problem that economists have to be faced consists in explaining how the wage process may lead to unemployment, even though agents consider it as unfortunate. The "new" microeconomic theories of the labour market have provided pieces of answers to this issue. This PhD dissertation will deal more specifically with the insiders-outsiders theory which covers the opposing interests bringing employees and work-less into conflict. Originally, the literature on the topic became organised into two approaches. The first one makes references to the Lindbeck & Snower's research which can be thought as following the seminal work of Becker, concerning firm-specific training. The second one coincides with a field in the economics of the trade union. Its foundation is to consider that these institutions serve the employees' interests and neglect the work-less who wish to get a job. Our works can then be seen as attempting to bring together these two research fields. In particular, it notices that two approaches to the problem are different from one another by taking into account either the replacement costs or the collective bargaining. We try then to show clearly the influence of the first ones when they are explicitly brought into the scope of usual trade union models. Our main contribution is to show that such approach evades the Occam' principle. It looks at some classic issues in the economics of trade union in a new way and provides some persuasive answers to very natural questions that usual models can not address. By singling out some involuntary unemployment state, we show some original results concerning successively (i) the process of the trade union objectives, (ii) the structure of the eligible contacts set and (iii) the properties of the contracts, especially concerning the relationships between wage, profit and the number of insiders
BOUTAHAR, LATIFA. "L'enjeu strategique du conflit erythro-ethiopien." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010253.
Full textEritrean struggle has been a real epistemology strategic problem : national liberation war or separatist mouvement against the ethiopian unity? the eritrean nationalism gave the struggle it real identity and it strategic dimension. The independence of eritrea establish a political precedent in the horn of africa. With oromya and afar nationalism, the region could be a theatre for a great geopolitics stake
Komninos, Charalampos. "L'union europeenne face au conflit yougoslave." Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN11005.
Full textGiven the need to deal with a ruthless and bloody civil war the european community and its member states working within the foreign policy framework of european political cooperation (epc) have saugh to concentrate their yougoslav policy on the search for a negociated compromise. Within the epc structure, the twelve expounded the principles of recognition of the newly emerging ex-yougoslav republic and in parallel continued to strongly condamn the hideous practice of "ethnic cleaning". On a number of occasions, often in close cooperation with their american allies, the twelve offered to act as mediators between the belligerants. Given that a solution to the conflict could only be found workig through the united nations, the ec and its members states have relied heavily on security council resolutions. Therefore, having largely contibuted to the establishment of the embargo against serbia - montenegro, the twelve have mobilised their financial potential in order to assist the ex-yougoslav republics, and have simultaneously launched a large scale humanitarian effort in aid of the civilian populations affected by civil war. Finally, some of the member states of the european union have participated in both ground, sea and air operations within the u. N. And nato in ex-yougoslavia
Mottet, Denis. "Approche dynamique du conflit vitesse-précision." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX22016.
Full textYvroux, Chloé. "Le conflit israélo-palestinien en représentations." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30044.
Full textIn geography, representations allow an analysis of the way people represent the world, or a part of it, from experienced spaces to those apprehended only through their ideational dimensions. From this perspective, this PhD deals with the issue of representations of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict at it is perceived in France. The purpose is to consider here acomplex and fragmented territory, which is the context of a territorial conflict and to consider how representations of this territory – provided by an indirect environmental experience - can be apprehended. This study is based on the analysis of media discourses – key link in the construction of representations – particularly through the coverage of the Annapolis conference by the press (November 2007). This study is also based on a questionnaires survey conducted among a population of undergraduates in order to specify their perception of the conflict, in particular through the use of mental maps. The results reveal a number of collective representations, which are then rather similar to shared distortions. Beyond the observation of the level of knowledge, this study highlights the way people apprehend a territory, subject to significant media coverage, to contradictory representations and thus submitted to several distortions. This approach of the Israeli- Palestinian conflict trough representations constitutes an original scale of analysis of the construction of the relationship of the individual to the world
Pira, Kouassi. "L' interposition médiatique dans les pays en conflit : l'exemple de la radio onusienne dans le conflit ivoirien." Bordeaux 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR30008.
Full textThe different sociopolitical and military crises that have hit Ivory Coast since the death of the country’s first president Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (1905-1993) exposed the responsibility of the politicians and the media. Stuck in their connivance (media and politics), the Ivoirian press abandoned its primary role of information and anti-establishment force to interfere easily with the political arena which is itself particularly violent, full of conflicts and hatred. By producing unplanned effects which are controlled by a series of calls to hatred, division, rejection and violence, the Ivorian media spread and inoculated the infectious poison of armed conflicts. Thus, the attempt coup of September 2002 which subsequently turned into a rebellion naturally found supports in the Ivoirian media. But in search of lasting peace in Ivory Coast via its own radio station, the United Nations aimed at starting a media interposition in order to reverse the role of the media on the conflict zone. For this Institution in charge of guaranteeing the peace process it is necessary to make the mass media a major player in the broadcasting of positive thinking. This doctoral dissertation goes back over the question of peace journalism and its role in armed conflicts resolution. It allows rephrasing the question of peace journalism in Ivory Coast as follows: How is it possible to be a skilled journalist and make forget resentments, injustice, hatred, frustrationas well as fight against revenge and help the Ivorians to reconcile and get to peace? Skilled journalism, free and independent and at the same time factor of emancipation and peace is then in the centre of this research. But in this thesis, the United Nations’ radio station is not considered with euphoria and enthusiasm as it is often the case everywhere else. It is neither examined through its desired role, but rather in the light of its actual task throughout the daily management of the peace process. This approach emphasizes the way media interposition can be articulated with a military and political conflict. Seen in its worthy peace mission, the ONUCI-FM radio was the principal media of this study. The research was carried out in Ivory Coast and precisely in the parts of the country controlled by the former rebels of the Forces Nouvelles as well as the areas under control of the regime of the former president Laurent Gbagbo
Tamega, Paly. "L'Acte Uniforme relatif au droit commercial général et le conflit des lois." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV022/document.
Full textThe Treaty for Business Law in Africa Harmonization was signed in Port Louis (Mauritius ) ,October 17, 1993 and entered into force on 18 September 1998. It was amended by the Treaty of Quebec on17 October 2008. This revised treaty entered into force March 21, 2010. The treaty 's main objective is toaddress the legal uncertainty and judicial existing in States parties . To do this , it adopted new Uniform Actsincluding the Uniform Act relating to general commercial law, following the AUDCG which is the subject ofour study. The OHADA Treaty has also established a Joint Court of Justice and Arbitration responsible forthe interpretation and uniform application of those acts .The AUDCG was adopted April 17, 1997 and entered into force on 1 January 1998. It was amendedDecember 15, 2010 and published in the Official Gazette of OHADA , February 15 , 2011. It entered intoforce on 15 May 2011. It is applicable in the same way in all Contracting States. The existence of such a setof rules to reduce the importance of the forum in the resolution of international disputes and reduce the needto resort to conflict rules that generate legal uncertainty. That is why OHADA law so general and especiallyAUDCG does not care or whatever conflict of laws.Yet the conflict of laws remain in OHADA . First, the AUDCG leaves the provisions of national law as longas they are not contrary to it. The AUDCG may also be subject to differing interpretations by national courtswhich are the ordinary courts of harmonized law.Furthermore, the AUDCG is part of an international legislative context involving a wealth of substantiverules subregional such as West Africa 's Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA) , the EconomicCommunity of States of West Africa (ECOWAS ) , the Economic and Monetary Community of CentralAfrica (CEMAC) and the Economic Community of Central African States and international substantive lawsuch as the CISG , Protocol of 11 April 1980 and the New York Convention of 14 June 1974 relating to thelimitation period in the international sale of goods .This interweaving of law born of conflict. So AUDCG persists in the conflict of laws and conflict ofsupranational norms .This thesis aims to investigate these conflicts as well as the principles of solutions that these should beapplied through the conflict of laws rules , the UNIDROIT Principles of the law of autonomy, arbitration
Aguiar, Vinicius Gomes de. "Conflito territorial e ambiental no quilombo mesquita/cidade ocidental: racismo ambiental na fronteira DF e Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7942.
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La communauté Mesquita, située dans la municipalité de Cidade Ocidental (GO) et le Distrito Federal (DF) a réçu de l’Incra – Institute National de la Colonisation et la Réforme Agraire – le Rapport Téchnique de l’Identification et Délimitation (RTID) des ses terres en 2011 en occupant 4.160 hectare avec 785 familles et 1299 individus (BRAGA e MARTINS, 2011). La municipalité de Cidade Ocidental est, aux divers aspects socioeconomiques, impliquée à la dynamique de Brasilia et inserée à la Région Integré de Dévéloppement (RIDE) du Distrito Federal et les municipes limitrophes. Avec cette dynamique régionale, deux noyaux urbains ont été dévéloppés : l’aire urbaine ‘central’ située aux environ de la route BR-040 ; et l’autre noyau urbain au extrême nord de la municipalité et le DF, lié par la route GO-521, appelé Jardim ABC. Entre les deux noyaux urbains est inseré le territoire du quilombo Mesquita. Un produit agricole traditionel du Mesquita est le coing, parce que depuis le siècle XVIII cette communauté utilise traditionelement ce fruit pour la production de la marmelade de coings, comercialisé dans la région. Les années dernières on a eu la promotion des cours et l’assistance téchnique agricole pour le dévéloppement de la production des fruits, des légumes et aussi aucunes petites productions des grains aux lots ocuppés par les familles quilombolas. Même si on est un quilombo, au territoire proposé pour le Mesquita on a des entreprises de l’agriculture et élévage pas quilombolas et des lotissements urbains. Outre cela, le territoire Mesquita, les années dernières, a réçu investissement du capital immobiliaire qu’on a instalé des copropriétés horizontales et l’autres entreprises en marge du territoire. Ainsi, c’est possible observer que le territoire a souffré avec les procès du conflit environnemental territorial e spatial qu’on a induit l’arrivée des projets de l’infrastructure, le déplacement des cimitières où des ancestrales des quilombolas ont été inhumés, au-délà de la dégradation des poteaux établis par la Fundação Cultural Palmares – FCP – de l’identification du territoire quilombola. Avec le panorama de la spéculation immobiliaire, cette recherce croie dans l’hypothèse que le quilombo Mesquita est inseré dans un conflit environnemental territorial et spatial. On a établi, par consequence, que la communauté quilombola souffri avec le racisme environnemental, caracterisé quand quelque action ou projet, autant publique que privé, affect différemment ou lése des individus, des groupes ou des communautés de couleur ou de race, indépendant de l’intention (BULLARD, 2002a, 2002b e 2004). Cette recherche a l’objectif de comprendre comment la dynamique urbaine de Cidade Ocidental (GO) et de Brasília influence dans la formation des conflits environnementales territoriales et spatiales entre les quilombolas et les pas-quilombolas dans la municipalité.
O quilombo Mesquita, localizado em uma porção territorial que envolve uma parte do município de Cidade Ocidental em Goiás (GO) e também do Distrito Federal (DF), recebeu do Incra – Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária – o Relatório Técnico de Identificação e Delimitação – RTID – das suas terras em 2011com aproximadamente 4.160 hectares ocupados por 785 famílias e 1299 indivíduos, sendo que desta área total somente 761 ha estão sob posse dos quilombolas (BRAGA e MARTINS, 2011). O município de Cidade Ocidental está, em vários aspectos socioeconômicos envolvido na dinâmica de Brasília e regionalmente está inserido na Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento (RIDE) do Distrito Federal e Entorno. Com essa dinâmica regional onde se insere Cidade Ocidental, dois núcleos urbanos foram desenvolvidos: a área urbana ‘central’, situada nas proximidades da BR-040; e o outro núcleo urbano no extremo norte do município na divisa entre o município e o DF, ligado pela GO-521, chamado de Jardim ABC. Entre estes dois núcleos urbanos está inserido o território do quilombo Mesquita. Um item tradicional da produção agrícola do Mesquita é o Marmelo, pois desde o século XVIII esta comunidade utiliza tradicionalmente este fruto para a produção do doce de Marmelo que é comercializado na região. Nos últimos anos houve a promoção de cursos e assistência técnica agrícola que proporcionou o desenvolvimento de produções de frutas, hortaliças e também algumas pequenas produções de grãos que se dão nos lotes ocupados pelas famílias quilombolas. Mesmo se tratando de um quilombo, no território proposto para o Mesquita existem empreendimentos agropecuarista não-quilombolas e loteamentos urbanos. Não se limitando a isso, o território Mesquita nos últimos anos tem recebido investidas do capital imobiliário que tem instalado condomínios horizontais e outros empreendimentos nas margens do Território. De posse dessa realidade, é possível observar que o território tem sofrido com os processos de conflito ambiental territorial e espacial devido ao processo de especulação imobiliária ao longo dos últimos anos, pautados basicamente pela comercialização de terras no quilombo que tem induzido a chegada de projetos de infraestrutura, deslocamento de cemitérios onde os ancestrais dos quilombolas foram sepultados, além da degradação dos marcos implantados pela Fundação Cultural Palmares – FCP – de identificação do território enquanto quilombola. Com o cenário de especulação imobiliária, esta pesquisa acredita na hipótese que o quilombo do Mesquita está inserido em um conflito ambiental territorial e espacial. Foi estabelecido, por consequência, que a comunidade quilombola tem sofrido com o Racismo Ambiental, caracterizado quando alguma ação ou projeto, tanto público, quanto privado, afeta de modo diferente ou prejudica indivíduos, grupos ou comunidades de cor ou raça, independente da intenção (BULLARD, 2002a, 2002b e 2004). Sendo assim, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender como a dinâmica urbana de Cidade Ocidental (GO) e de Brasília influencia na formação de conflitos ambientais territoriais e espaciais entre quilombolas e não-quilombolas do Município.
Gagnon, Marie-Claude. "Conflit sexuel chez le patineur Gerris Gillettei." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28168/28168.pdf.
Full textDuponchel, Marguerite. "Essais sur les économies en post-conflit." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010020.
Full textZaher, Khalid. "Conflit de civilisations et droit international privé." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010269.
Full textFakhreddine, Muhieddine. "Le Monde arabe face au conflit libanais." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604957s.
Full textFrumence, Pascal Mouna. "Le conflit somalien et les Nations Unies." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAD006/document.
Full textThe Somali conflict is probably the only internal conflict that has subjected to a tremendous ordeal the collective security system of the United Nations Charter. It breaks out in 1991 at a key moment in the history of the international relations policy. However with the end of the Cold War, it is the beginning of a new era for the UN Universal Organization, long paralyzed by the vetoes of two Great for the effective purpose of the principles set out in the Charter of the United Nations. Occupying along the coastline of the Horn of Africa, Siad Barre's Somalia aligned with Soviet ideology does not survive the dissolution of this block. The result is the beginning of a civil, bloody and fratricidal conflict almost without any outside interference. Facing the complexity of Somalia conflict and the failure of the first attempts at a peaceful resolution, the World Organization engages its peacekeeping doctrine. Thus in the space of three years (1992-1995), the Security Council authorizes the deployment of three UN missions in Somalia: a classic peacekeeping operation (UNOSOM), a sturdy peacekeeping operation (UNITAF) and a peace enforcement operation (UNOSOM II). All of them result in an ineffective failure, forcing the UN peacekeepers to fall back under armed protection while the conflict has still not found a way out. The interest of this study is to highlight the paradigm of the intervention of the United Nations. How could a simple interstate conflict defeat the principles of international law of the United Nations Charter? Especially since the proposed solutions were the subject of consensual treatment by all the members of the Security Council who unanimously approved the resolutions adopted. There is also a need to focus on the United Nations' jagged commitment from 1995 onwards. A disengagement that give a free rein to the AU and IGAD regional organization to undertake new attempts at national reconciliation. The sudden increase of piracy along the Somali coast provides an opportunity for the United Nations to return to this distant conflict. But this is a measured return that once again excludes the use of military coercion. Now engaging in various peace building activities, the United Nations is abandoning the dangerous environment of peacekeeping despite the fact that the Somali conflict continues to pose a threat to international peace and security. In virtue of the principle of subsidiarity, AMISOM, the AU peacekeeping operation in Somalia since 2007 is the only force authorized to use armed force. Between hope and disillusionment, the African peacekeeping force, though undersized, must carry out more and more missions to restore peace and security in the country
Buza, Valeriu. "Acouphènes invalidants : place du conflit neuro-vasculaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX20669.
Full textKandé, Mamoudou Alioune. "Le conflit casamançais, origines historiques et prolongements actuels." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10051/document.
Full textThe turn of the century is marked by profound geopolitical upheavals. The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Empire that led to the emergence of a unipolar world with the implementation of market economy and democracy as political governance system. This new era of international relations is accompanied by profound socio-economic and spatial changes. Thus, in the former colonies with the lack of a deterrent, we are seeing the resurgence of identity conflicts. Democratic demands and micro-nationalism ramping generate the implosion of state structures giving rise to intra-state conflicts. Senegal, renowned quiet country since the early 1980s faced a difficult political situation with the advent of independence demands of the movement of democratic forces of Casamance (MFDC)
Edusei, Gladys. "Conflit armés et développement en Afrique sub-saharienne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX24024.
Full textConflicts are frequent in sub-saharan African countries since their independence and unfortunately people consider such situation to be normal. This frequency seems to reinforce the idea that Africans are naturally unable to manage their resources. African conflicts are also very often considered as a result of African culture, which is termed as a violent and agressuve. If conflicts are obviously an obstacle to development, they are also the consequence of undevelopment in Africa.The objective of the PhD is to understand the ceonomic basis of armed conflicts in sub-saharan Africa. In other words, we seek toidentify economic causes of conflicts. The main variables observed are GDP per capita, international aid, raw materials for export, government debt, foreign direct investment, population, food and water. We confirm that any process that helps improve economic development in sub-saharan African countries is a way to avoid new conflicts
N'Garoné, Rémadjie. "Anthropologie du conflit en Guadeloupe : la construction de sujets périphériques." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H006.
Full textThis research focuses on the dynamics of fusion and dispersion throughout Guadeloupean social and cultural groups. The unresolved conflict inherited from slavery and colonization has become latent and underlies all kinds of social relationships. This conflict, which is at the origin of Guadeloupean society and culture, now encompasses dynamic dispersion. It is therefore a matter of diverse conflicting forms unfolding within the economic, social, cultural and political fields that emerge through the cultural fabric. This conflict, originally between the dominated and the dominant or oneself and the other, has been incorporated into the culture, and is shaped and transmitted by its bias. The study of representations and practices related to consummation, perspectives of social change, collective memory and hierarchical relationships at work, captures the reproduction and transmission of certain interpretations of reality, patterns of behavior and ways of relating to each other. This conflict is left with now opposing value systems, cultural and identity references, paradigms of thought and even figures as the real protagonists disappeared at the end of colonization, in fact, these are contradictory internal and transverse forces within this society. Since the politico-cultural assimilation that took place in France with the law of departmentalization of 1946, the boundaries between oneself and the other have become partially blurred, reinforcing feelings of déréalisation and the threat of the extinction of the collective. The dynamics of the unification of the socio-cultural body then occurs in adversity, in a power struggle relationship with another. This phenomenon leads to forms of re-centering of identity and attempts to evict the other in oneself. The dominant figure is thus projected outside itself. This recurring schematic is particularly highlighted in the notions of pwofitasyon, of mass and neg identities resulting in attempts to produce cultural authenticity and the appropriation of power. It is therefore also a matter of studying the parameters within which individual and collective subjects are constructed, identities produced and their relationships, and how these subjects are created with diversity to construct an existence of oneself. In such a context, the ongoing management of this conflict is manifested by the fluidity of positions, porous references and multiple allegiances and cultural tools that give shape to the syncretic process. Thus, this transversal and global conflict resulted in the emergence of peripheral subjects, whose existence is determined by the imbalance in the relationship with the other. And because these subjects have included a part of the other, they only exist within this conflicting relationship, their quest for identity consists not just of positioning oneself at the margin of the other, but also at the margin of themselves
Gaborit, Pascaline. "La confiance après un conflit civil : analyse comparative des situations de post-conflit au Mozambique, Cambodge et en Bosnie-Herzégovine." Lille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL20003.
Full textHow could one contribute to a long term sustainable reconstruction of societies affected by civil wars and being in a situation of post war destructuration/restructuration ? In the aftermath of civil conflicts, surviving populations within devastated countries, experience a severe lack of trust towards emergent public institutions, but also within civil society and at social (interpersonal) level. The concept of trust is kalideoscopic cross cutting theme within sciences, and encompasses several meanings, each one potentially being used as a tool of analysis (Möllering 2006 ; Khodyakov 2007). At a time of reconstruction, and in a context of political instability, punctuated by sporadic eruptions of violence, this research intends to demonstrate that Trust is a central parameter of understanding for the post conflict situation. The research goes beyond existing literature about trust, and post conflict by adding up field research and especially the analysis of the media. NGO reports, and 308 interviews done with local population in the studied countries : Cambodia, Mozambique and Bosnia-Herzegovina. The research also proposes some hypothesis on how to integrate the concept of Trust within international actions for peace building and reconstruction, as well as in international justice activities
Tencer, Claude. "Le conflit israelo-palestinien, camp David - l'intifada Al Aqsa (2000 - 2005) : une vision du conflit sous le prisme des médias." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/152698159#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes events opposing Israelis and Palestinians in their conflict, in the eyes of the media. It provides a view that would not part the errors of the former from the mistakes of the latter, in a concept, which would set their conflict apart. The media, whether Israeli, Arab or international, creates two opposing legitimacies which shape the history of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Each camp claims the right to be right. In this race for information, when false information is issued, the evil done can never be undone. The press has always shown a passionate interest in the conflicts of the Middle-East. Since the signature of the Oslo agreement (1993), the press has demonstrated strong support for the effort to attain an Israeli-Palestinian peace. The failure of the Camp David Summit in July 2000 and the outbreak of the Intifada on September 29, 2000 promoted a new vision of “real-time” journalism, which favors shocking and spectacular images, very little verified. The press often acts imprudently in issuing false information
Ahmat, Mahamat Yacoub. "La gestion des conflits : à travers la Médiature du Tchad." Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA3003/document.
Full textThis thesis represents an analysis of the role and the mission of the ombudsman as an independent administrative authority (AAI) and specifically questions its utility even though there are other bodies in charge of the non-judicial protection of fundamental rights.It examines the treatment of conflicts between citizens and the various organs of public administration, then the main origins of conflicts, particularly in its normative and sociological sense, by revisiting the concept of social justice. It also explores the difference between the function of the ombudsman and the justice system. It also examines the role of mediation in such situations of conflict with customary law and addresses "the strengths and weaknesses of practices that irrigate parliamentary mediation" since its creation.We also studied the development and the techniques used by the institution, the typology of conflicts and the common features of certain types of institutions, with a specific emphasis on the culture, the consolidation of peace and the role of sociological mediology particularly in the school area.Finally, a chapter was devoted to youth, extremism and the role that sociological mediology can play in the prevention of violent conflict
Masson, Anne-Sophie. "Le droit de la guerre confronté aux nouveaux conflits asymétriques : généralisation à partir du conflit Afghan (2001-2013)." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH03.
Full textThe Afghan war (since 2001) may be seen as a new asymmetric conflict. It has all characteristics of the former asymmetric conflicts except territoriality, which has been replaced by ideology. Therefore, the battlefields have been displaced to the cognitive war. The distinction between war and peace became so small that it is now impossible to distinguish the law of war in regard to its intensity or to the implication of several states. The law of wars, due to its lack of adaptation stopped to ease the peace recovery, becoming a hindrance to combat. In consequence, some warriors have been tempted to use forbidden combat methods. Whose effects have been mediatized and took part of the western states legitimacy crisis (and questionning the World division in sovereign states). The lack of conflicts settlement could lead to a worldwide civil war. Unless, law of wars are harmonized through universal core rights mandatory for states and new international actors; a “World Parliament” could protect them. Furthermore, moral integrity of warriors is expected, it may be reflected into the military laws and their position into the civil society
Labelle, Luc. "Le conflit d'intérêt contractuel en droit municipal québécois." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7562.
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