Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conformation des protéines'
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Le, Cam Eric. "Conformation de l'ADN et interactions ADN-protéines en microscopie électronique." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA11T007.
Full textJambon, Martin. "Un système bioinformatique de recherche de similitudes fonctionnelles dans les structures 3D de protéines." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10075.
Full textBouthinon, Dominique. "Apprentissage à partir d'exemples ambigus : étude théorique et application à la découverte de structures communes à un ensemble de séquences d'ARN." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132033.
Full textFlahaut, Christophe. "Modifications post-traductionnelles et conformation des chaînes lourdes de l'inter-alpha-inhibiteur." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-73.pdf.
Full textYun, Mi-Ran. "Echantillonnage des petits et grands déplacements atomiques dans les protéines et complexes moléculaires." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077128.
Full textThe knowledge of protein conformational space is a major importance in biology, while protein binding (beyond of the notion "lock and key" the conformational changes play an important role. The several experimental (NMR, X-ray crystallography. . . ) and theoretical studies (Molecular Dynamics, Monte Carlo method. . . ), are used for describe molecular conformational space. The side chain flexibility is well characterized, however main chain flexibility rest in problem. We propose an activated method, ARTIST (Activation-Relaxation Technique for Internal coordinate Space Trajectories) fused and adapted from two programs, (ART and LIGAND) capable to sample, in internal coordinates, local or collective displacements on proteins involving protein backbone. We show the capacity of ARTIST to sample conformational changes from small proteins to complexes using AMBER and FLEX ail atom force fields. The ARTIST is adapted with the coarse-grained force field (OPEP), first tests were performed on a small protein
Liebschner, Dorothée. "Propriétés électrostatiques et structurales des protéines diffractant à haute résolution." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10085/document.
Full textThis study is about the electrostatic and structural properties of proteins diffracting at high X-ray resolution. Two different aspects are tackled which are 1) the analysis of properties derived from their charge distribution, parting from a fundamental point of view and 2) the application of methods used in high resolution macromolecular crystallography to two enzymes of major interest.After the analysis of the structure and electrostatic properties of PfluDING protein, the binding mode of a phosphate ion, located in the active site, was elucidated at two different pH values. Particularly, this study demonstrates that a diffuse hydrogen bond assures the protonation state of the phosphate ion, which is thus identical at each pH value. The second enzyme studied is the proteine DFPase which is capable of hydrolysing nerve agents. A high resolution X-ray structure and a medium resolution neutron structure where compared. The analysis points out the differences between the two models and a new catalytic mechanism could be proposed.The more fundamental aspects of this study are about the secondary structural elements of proteins: their electrostatic properties in terms of electrostatic moments (dipole and quadrupole moments of helices and sheets) as well as the hydrogen bond network assuring the cohesion of helices have been analyzed. It has been shown that certain interactions between peptide units within helices, represented usually as hydrogen bonds, should actually be considered as pure electrostatic contacts
Joseph, Agnel Praveen. "Comparison of protein folds based on similarities in local backbone conformation." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077100.
Full textProtein Structure Comparison is an efficient means for function characterization and evolutionary studies. We propose an improved approach for three dimensional (3D) protein structure comparison based on similarities in local backbone conformations. A library of 16 frequently occurring penta-peptide backbone conformations, namely Protein Blocks (1,2), was used to transform 3D structural information as a sequence. This reduces the problem of structural comparison to a more classical sequence alignment. The use of an anchor based dynamic programming algorithm with specialized gap penalties resulted in a significant improvement over earlier studies based on simple global alignments. The alignment quality improved by about 82% and the efficiency in searching a structure databank for related folds was also enhanced by 6. 2% (3,4). This approach for pairwise structure comparison (iPBA) is implemented as a web server http://www. Dsimb. Inserm. Fr/dsimb tools/ipba/. IPBA was further extended to the development of a multiple structural alignment tool. A progressive alignment strategy was adopted and local weights were added for structurally similar regions (mulPBA) (Joseph et al. In peparation). Comparison with other structural alignment tools showed that both the PB based alignment approaches (iPBA & mulPBA) often give the best performance and can be placed as one of the top two methods currently available. Local conformational variations among structurally similar proteins were also studied in detail (Joseph et al. Submitted). Subtle changes are found to occur mainly in the regions comprising turns. The preference for the indel sites are also confined to a few backbone conformations involving p-turns and helix C-caps. The alignment strategy behind iPBA was also used to assess the performance of a fold recognition approach based on PB prediction. The influence of species specific data on sequence-structure relationships was also analyzed using PBs (5). Relationships observed in chameleon sequences (6) that adopt different conformations in protein structures, was studied in detail. An efficient protocol for the assignment of PolyProline-II helices, which can be easily incorporated into the DSSP secondary structure assignment tool was also developed (7)
Gibrat, Gabriel. "Structure et dynamique de l'état natif et des états dénaturés par la chaleur et la pression de la calmoduline : une étude par diffusion de neutrons et spectroscopies optiques." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112297.
Full textThis thesis work is concerned with the study of thermal and pressure denaturation of calmodulin, a small (16 kDa), monomeric, soluble, and “mainly α” calci-protein. This protein, that is an excellent model system for unfolding/folding studies, exists in two forms: the holo and the apo forms, depending on the presence or the absence of calcium ions. The comparison of thermal and pressure unfolding pathways shows clearly that the unfolding of both calmodulin forms cannot be correctly described using a “two-state” model (Native Unfolded). The stabilities given by pressure unfolding experiments and by thermal unfolding ones are largely different, signing the presence of intermediate states. Even if thermal unfolding pathway does not exhibit “molten-globule” intermediate state, classically encountered in protein unfolding pathways, pressure unfolding pathways of both calmodulin forms contain compact intermediate state, with a maximum population around 3000 bar. Up to this pressure, the pressure behaviours of the two calmodulin forms are asymmetric: the domains of the holo form are compacted under pressure, while those of the apo form are dilated. The conformation of the final state of thermal unfolding of apo-calmodulin is similar to that of a Gaussian chain, with some residual secondary structures. Its dynamics looks more heterogeneous than that of the native state, suggesting that the distance of atom to protein backbone plays a more important role than the solvent exposure to the residue. An important finding is that the thermal unfolding of apo-calmodulin is irreversible. The last part of this thesis deals with the unfolding of a more complex oligomeric system: the C-phycocyanin photosynthetic protein. The unfolding pathway of this protein contains several steps, including firstly the oligomer dissociation, and secondly the unfolding of the dissociated monomer. This unfolding mechanism is out of equilibrium at the time-scale of classical experimentation
Talansier, Émeline. "Étude du foisonnement par mélangeur statique appliqué à la structuration des mousses de blanc d'oeuf dénaturé par traitement thermique." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2009.
Full textEgg white proteins (EWP) are widely used in food industries because of their excellent foaming properties. The pasteurization is often performed in the dry state to prevent a damage of their functional properties. The aim of this study is to estimate the effect of dry heat treatment at different levels on the EWP foams properties. The conformational changes of proteins and the formation of soluble aggregates caused by the treatment are investigated in relation to interfacial properties. A link is explored between the EWP denaturation and foam characteristics. As a first approach, foams are processed with a standard home mixer. A link is established between interfacial and rheological properties of foams, and foam stability improved for mild treatments. But such batch foaming process does not allow the production of fixed overrun or bubble size distribution. The static mixer (Sulzer-SMX10™) is therefore required to control the foam structure. It is then possible to link foams properties, i. E. Texture and stability, to their structural parameters (void fraction and bubbles size). The effect of the protein denaturation induced by dry heat treatment is also quantified. The SMX10™ static mixer may be proposed as an eminent alternative process to produce foams at lab but mostly at an industrial scale. An axial physical 1D model is proposed, based on the calculations along the mixer of the pressure drop and the bubble size. The gas expansion is taken into account, and a semi-empirical model is used to characterise the foam viscosity. This approach makes scale-up possible, in the view to use this process for a large range of scales and applications
Rousseau, Marie-Ève. "Étude de la conformation et de l'orientation des protéines dans les soies naturelles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24312/24312.pdf.
Full textIbrahim, Ziad. "Etude de la structure et du mécanisme d’action du complexe unfoldase PAN, un activateur du protéasome 20S." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY027/document.
Full textIntracellular protein degradation is a fundamental process occurring in all organisms, from bacteria to human. The continual degradation of proteins is necessary for regulating the intracellular levels of enzymes that control all metabolic reactions, as well as the general content of all other proteins, in response to physiological changes. A state of a dynamic equilibrium is created where the intracellular concentration of a protein can be modulated by changes in the synthesis rate as well as the degradation rate. The work presented in this thesis deals with the proteasome activating complex from archaeal cells (PAN). PAN is an energy dependent hexameric complex discovered in archaea and involved in the unfolding of protein substrates to facilitate their degradation by the 20S proteasome. All the previous structural studies on the assembled PAN complex have failed in revealing the structure of the whole complex because of the difficulties encountered during sample preparation and stabilization. In the first part of this work we determined a Cryo-electron microscopy structure and a pseudo-atomic model of the hexameric PAN complex from Pyrococcus horikoshii. In addition, the study of the different conformational states of the PAN complex induced by nucleotide binding helped in gaining several information about the AAA+ unfoldases mechanism and to propose a mode of action of the PAN complex. The second part of the study led to elucidate the question about the dynamic and the conformational changes of the AAA+ unfoldases in general and the PAN complex in particular. The method of contrast variation in Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) coupled with online fluorescence spectroscopy applied to study, in real-time, the substrate unfolding process by the PAN complex from Methanococcus jannaschii allowed to reveal, for the first time, a contraction movements of PAN during substrate unfolding induced by ATP hydrolysis and followed by a relaxation of the molecule at the end of the process. The unfolding mechanism processed by PAN appears to be a peristaltic pumping motion that leads to a directional unfolding of the substrate. The whole work presented in this thesis contributes in understanding the structure and the mechanism of action of the PAN molecular machine inside the cells and to have a clearer idea about the functional dynamics of the AAA+ complexes at the origin of their biological functions
Le, Floch-Fouéré Cécile. "Comportement interfacial et propriétés moussantes de protéines de blanc d’œuf." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S072.
Full textEgg albumen proteins are used in numerous food formulations owing to their excellent functional properties, notably foaming properties. Mechanical and optic measurements allow to study the foams formation’s mechanisms by being based on the interfacial properties of these egg white proteins. The studies have been performed at the air/water interface thanks to suitable techniques and measures of foaming properties. Different mixtures of ovalbumin and lysozyme at a total protein concentration of 10 g·l-1 show that there is a synergy in the interfacial adsorption between the two proteins. Further to these experiments, the specific study of equimolar ratio by sequential adsorption allowed to suggest the existence of a stratified organization of both proteins in mixtures with ovalbumin for the closest layer to interface and lysozyme which is located just under this ovalbumin’s film forming multilayers
Héliou, Amélie. "Molecular conformations and game theory." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX033/document.
Full textProteins and Ribonucleic Acids are the workhorses of many cellular processes.Understanding their functions, structures and interactions is an important challenge.Experimental methods provide actual information on structure and dynamics of molecules.However they have limitations : they cannot be applied to all molecules, and they need a lot of resources.Prediction methods are almost automatic ways of obtaining structural information.They are tested on experimental data to attest their reliability.We present, here, approaches tackling different problems.We develop a kinematics-based procedure to morph a RNA molecule between conformations while preserving its secondary structure.We obtain results comparable to state of the art methods showing that our selection of degrees of freedom is efficient.Furthermore we only use sparse information allowing for various kinds of experimental inputs.We also look at the protein structure prediction problem from a game theory angle.We represent the protein dynamics as a game, in which players are amino acids and strategies are dihedrals angles.The structure prediction can thus be seen as finding equilibrium in a multi-players game where all players have utility functions corresponding to the quality of the protein structure.We showed that a well-known no-regret algorithm, called Hedge, guarantees dominated strategies to vanish and a local convergence toward Nash equilibria.Furthermore restricting our analysis to potential games we showed that dual-averaging regularized learning algorithms converge toward a Nash equilibrium almost surely
Giordano, Cécile. "Étude du mécanisme d’activation de la voie de signalisation canonique de Hedgehog chez la drosophile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4131.
Full textHedgehog (Hh) is a secreted morphogen that controls growth and differentiation in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The dysregulation of its activity leads to severe developmental defects, and the onset of cancer in adults. In Drosophila, the Hh signal transduction is initiated by the binding of Hh to its receptor Patched (Ptc). This induces the stabilization of the transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo) and the subsenquent activation of a transduction complex consisting of 5 proteins: the kinases Fused (Fu), PKA and Gprk2, the kinesin Costal2 (Cos2), and the transcription factor of the pathway Cubitus Interruptus (Ci). The aim of my thesis was to study the regulation and molecular interactions between the different components of the transduction complex. Thanks to complementary techniques, I have shown that in absence of Hh the proteins Fu and PKA interact in C-terminal part of Ci, whereas on the presence of Hh induces their relocalization toward the N-terminal domain of Ci. I have proved that the trigger element of this moving is Smo. In presence of Hh, Smo goes into transduction complex, allowing the activation and the moving of Fu toward N-terminal domain of Ci. This relocalization is responsible of Ci phosphorylation and activation. My thesis reveals the importance of conformational changes inside the transduction complex of Hh pathway. As the mechanism of transduction is conserved between species, my PhD provides research elements in order to better understand the normal and abnormal functioning of cells
Sahli, Line. "Contribution de la conformation et du désordre intrinsèque des gliadines de blé dans leur assemblage." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4073.
Full textIn recent years, the scientific community has been particularly interested in intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs).These proteins are ubiquitous in the living world and represents more than a third of the human proteome. Their structural plasticity allows them to interact with various partners and to be involved in many biological processes. However, while many studies on human and plant IDPs have been done, few studies on plant storage IDPs have been done. The use of structural prediction tools has allowed us to highlight the existence of potentially disordered domains in wheat storage proteins. The role and behavior of these specific domains, during the accumulation of proteins in the seed, remain unclear. Their assembly and structural adaptation in dense protein bodies remain poorly understood. This thesis project aims to understand the role of predicted disordered domains in the assembly of wheat reserve proteins. The wheat γ-gliadin, which has both a disordered predicted N-terminal domain and an ordered predicted C-terminal domain, will constitute a protein model for all our research
Couturier, Bruno. "Étude conformationnelle de la phosphatase alcaline de mammifère : influence des ponts disulfure et de l'ancre glycosylphosphatidylinositol." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10266.
Full textDebret, Gaëlle. "Etude par Modélisation Moléculaire des Propriétés Mécaniques d'un Système Membranaire : le Canal mécanosensible Mscl au sein de Bicouches Lipidiques Modèles." Paris 7, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189606.
Full textMechanosensitive channels of large conductance are integral membrane proteins that permit the bacterium to survive when hypo-osmotic shock occurs. Their principal characteristic is to open in response to a mechanical stress : a tension of the membrane. Understanding their mode of activation is necessary to work out a global model of the mechanism of sensitivity to membrane tension. We studied the first stages of the gating mechanism of MscL induced by membrane thinning, as well as the interactions controlling these conformational changes by moleculardynamics simulations. The comparison of principal component analysis of the trajectories and the directions given by the normal modes enabled us to highlight the influence of the membrane on the intrinsic dynamics of the channel. We then studied MscL channels from various organisms and having different sensitivities. Significant differences between the behaviours of the two Systems plunged in membranes of variable thickness were highlighted. These differences led us to explore the role of the various domains and in particular the role of the periplasmic loops by building hybrid channels by combination of domains from different organisms. The results obtained confirm the fundamental role of the periplasmic loops in the sensitivity of the MscL
Gibrat, Jean-François. "Modélisation sur calculateur électronique de la structure tridimensionnelle des protéines." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066471.
Full textGenieyz, Marie-Hélène. "Influence du champ électromagnétique (434 MHz) sur la conformation de la protéine β lactoglobuline." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985ESAE0001.
Full textLancelot, Nathalie. "Etude par RMN HRMAS de molécules greffées sur support solide : Etude par RMN VASS de protéines dans des milieux orientés." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13127.
Full textThis work is divided into two parts. The first part is dedicated to the secondary structural study of peptides grafted to a resin by High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HRMAS) NMR. We have shown by HRMAS NMR that poly-Aib (-aminoisobutyric acid) peptides and C-tetrasubstituted homo-peptides [L-(Me)Leu]n (n = 1-5) adopt a regular 310-helical structure even when covalently bound to a polymeric matrix. Such systems are very useful in molecular recognition studies or as catalysts in asymmetric synthesis. The second part is dedicated to the study of oriented media by Variable Angle Sample Spinning (VASS) NMR. NMR spectra of ubiquitin in the presence of bicelles at a concentration of 25% w/v have been recorded under sample spinning conditions for different angles of rotation. For an axis of rotation equal to the magic angle ( = 54,7°), the 1H/15N HSQC recorded without any 1H decoupling in the indirect dimension corresponds to the classical spectrum obtained on a protein in an isotropic solution and allows the measurement of pure isotropic scalar J-couplings 1JNH. For an angle of rotation inferior to the magic angle ( < 54,7°), the bicelles orient with their normal perpendicular to the spinning axis, whereas for an angle of rotation superior to the magic angle ( > 54,7°) the bicelles orient with their normal along the spinning axis. This bicelle alignment creates anisotropic conditions that give rise to the observation of residual dipolar couplings in ubiquitin. The magnitude of these dipolar couplings depends directly on the angle that the rotor makes with the main magnetic field. By changing this angle in a controlled manner, residual dipolar couplings can be either scaled up or down thus offering the possibility to study simultaneously a wide range of dipolar couplings in the same sample
Gaillard, Thomas. "Etude in silico de l'allostérie et des changements conformationnels de grande envergure dans les intégrines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13129.
Full textIntegrins are transmembrane proteins playing a central role in cellular adhesion. Experimental studies have shown that they behave as bidirectional allosteric transmitters and were subjected to large-scale conformational changes. The aim of this work is to analyse by molecular modelling the conformational changes associated with integrin function. Multiple structures of the I-domain have first been submitted to a comparative normal mode analysis. Dynamics of the I-like and Hybrid domain has then been studied by quasi-harmonic analysis. At last, activation of the complete extracellular part of the integrin has been studied by targeted molecular dynamics. This work brings a new point of view on integrin dynamics and contributes to improve our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the coupling between the conformation and the affinity for ligands
Geourjon, Christophe. "ANTHEPROT, un logiciel d'analyse de séquences et de structures tridimensionnelles de protéines : application à la détermination de structure sous contraintes RMN." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10111.
Full textBussières, Sylvain. "Étude de l'activité enzymatique, de la structure secondaire et de la liaison membranaire de la lécithine : rétinol acyltransférase." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28574/28574.pdf.
Full textCraveur, Pierrick. "Analyse de la conformation locale des structures protéiques : irrégularités des feuillets béta, modifications post-traductionnelles et flexibilité." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077154.
Full textI based my work on a representation of proteins developed in the laboratory: the structural alphabet of Protein Blocks (PBs). This alphabet is used to describe and study the local conformations of protein structures. With this representation I have firstly studied the structural irregularities observed in the 13 sheets, the β-bulges. They are described in the literature as conserved among protein families and impacting the structure and function of proteins. I tried to answer the question: are the β-bulges actually conserved within homologs folds? In a second time, I studied the post-translational modifications (PTMs), which essentially correspond to very different modifications of the protein residues. These PTMs are increasingly studied in the structural context, and their impact on the flexibility is more pointed. I have developed a database that curates the structures containing annotated modifications as PTMs. With this data I have tried to answer the question: Did the PTMs affect protein structure? This effect is global or local in protein structure? Finally in the last part of my thesis, I studied the correlation between local conformations and flexibility of the polypeptide backbone. Through numerous molecular dynamics simulations, I have attempted to quantify this correlation, systematically, and in view of the presence of β-bulges and PTMs sites. These works bring a new look on the prediction method developed in the laboratory flexibility
Boudet, Julie. "Identification et caractérisation fonctionnelle de protéines stables à la chaleur en relation avec la tolérance à la dessiccation dans les graines de Medicago truncatula au cours de la germination." Angers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ANGE0032.
Full textTo identify heat stable proteins involved in desiccation tolerance (DT), a proteomic screening was combined with a physiological system that enables to re-establish DT in sensitive emerged radicles of Medicago truncatula by an osmotic treatment using a PEG solution of -1. 7 MPa. The comparison between the heat stable proteomes of desiccation-sensitive and –tolerant radicles led to the identification of 6 LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) proteins, whose abundance is linked to DT. These proteins are classified in group 1 (Em6), 2 (DHN3), 3 (MP2, SBP65 and PM18) and 5 (PM25). All of them are present in several isoforms, except for Em6 and MtPM25. Western blots demonstrate that the abundance of MtPM25 is also correlated with the acquisition of DT during seed maturation and loss of DT in cotyledons during germination. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates that the recombinant MtPM25 protein is relatively unordered in the hydrated state and becomes more structured by adopting -helices during drying. MtPM25 is not able to protect membrane integrity upon drying but is capable of improving the properties of the glassy state of sugars by increasing its molecular density
Errami, Mounir. "Analyse statistique des structures tridimensionnelles de protéines et validation de familles structurales à bas taux d'identité." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10178.
Full textColas, Claire. "Exploration des déterminants structuraux caractérisant les interactions des récepteurs nicotiniques et de leurs homologues avec leurs ligands par arrimage et modélisation moléculaire." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077183.
Full textFor structure calculation, the main source of information from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR experiments is the Nuclear Overhauser Effects (NOEs), which provide information about the distance between some protons of the molecule studied. The ARIA software package (for "Ambiguous Restraints for Iterative Assignment") is used to analyse and interpret NMR data, to determine a set of three-dimensional structures consistent with experimental data. ARIA uses the above measures in the form of distance constraints imposed, in silico, on the molecule. To impose these distances, the software used so far the "Soft Square" potential which presents a window of tolerance around the target distance measured experimental in order to take into account the uncertainties on the experimental data. A Recent analysis has shown the NOE errors follow a log-normal distribution, suggesting the use of a new log-harmonic potential. The aim of my thesis has been to show the effectiveness of the log-harmonic potential in improving the quality of structures determined by NMR. The first part of my thesis focuses on studying the behaviour of the potential with some examples of structures well known and whose data have been manually prepared. In second part, the recalculation of 398 NMR structures has demonstrated the overall improvement of the qualit of structures calculated with the log-harmonic potential. Finally, in a third part, the study of two protein allowed identifying the properties of the log-harmonic potential for error detection in structures
Laligant, Anne. "Evaluation des modifications de conformation de la }b-lactoglobuline soumise à̄ des traitements thermiques à pH neutre." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20123.
Full textBednarczyk, Audrey. "Nouvelles méthodologies en protéomique pour une caractérisation fine des protéines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/BEDNARCZYK_Audrey_2008.pdf.
Full textOne of the new challenges in proteomics consists in the full characterization of proteins which include the identification of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Thus, two subjects were explored during this PhD thesis: The characterization of N-glycoproteins for which ones the importance in protein function is well established: A number of studies were performed on the follicle stimulating hormone, a monoclonal antibody, a allergenic protein and Toxoplasma Gondii. The human hair proteome: Complementary analytical methods were developed to identify all the proteins present in the hair shaft in order to better understand this complex network. In particular; protein-protein interactions, localization of some proteins, and the type of modifications occurring on human hair proteins have been elucidated from this study
Taly, Jean-François. "Evaluation de la structure des modèles de protéines par dynamique moléculaire." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077138.
Full textIn this study we monitor different protein structural properties along molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories to discriminate correct from erroneous models. These models are based on the sequence-structure alignments provided by our fold recognition method, FROST. We define correct models as being built from alignments of sequences with structures similar to their native structures and erroneous models from alignments of sequences with structures unrelated to their native structures. We built a set of models intended to cover the whole spectrum: from a perfect model, i. E. , the native structure, to a very poor model, i. E. , a random alignment of the test sequence with a structure belonging to another structural class, including several intermediate models based on fold recognition alignments. We submitted these models to 11 ns of MD simulations at 3 different temperatures. We monitored along the corresponding trajectories the mean of the Root-Mean-Square deviations (RMSd) with respect to the initial conformation, the RMSd fluctuations, the number of conformation clusters, the evolution of secondary structures, and new statistical potential scores based on atomic interaction surface areas. None of these criteria alone is 100% efficient in discriminating correct from erroneous models. However if we consider these criteria in combination it is straightforward to discriminate thé two types of models. The ability of discriminating correct from erroneous models allows us to improve the specificity and sensitivity of our fold recognition method for a number of ambiguous cases
Bastianelli, Giacomo. "Computational design of protein-based serine proteases inhibitors : tools and applications." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077175.
Full textPfSUBl and PfSUB2 are two key regulators of the erythrocytic stage of the parasite and are interesting drug targets for developing new leading compounds against malaria. The major limitations to the drug discovery on PfSUBs are the absence of an experimental structure and the difficulties of expressing large quantities of the active enzymes, restricting the use of high-throughput screening of compounds. To overcome these obstacles, we set up a discovery process based on the computational design of protein-based inhibitors. The thesis focused on developing, validating and applying a series of bioinformatics tools to use in computational protein design. We used these tools to change the specificity of an existing scaffold towards a malaria enzyme, identifying a EETI-II mutant that inhibits PvSUBl with a Ki of 86 μM. Our computational protein design approach was also applied to reverse-engineer PcFKl, a spider-venom derived small protein that inhibits the erythrocytic stage of P. Falciparum. The hypothesis we made using these tools was experimentally confirmed by the in-vitro enzymatic testing on PfSUBl. Despite the challenges we faced, mostly due to the lack of a expérimental structure of PvSUBl, we successfully designed the first protein-based inhibitor of SUBI. The reverse-engineering we performed on PcFKl further confirms the reliability of thèse structural bioinformatics methods
Murciano, Brice. "Dynamique conformationnelle chez les protéines d'adhésion de Babesia : mythe ou réalité ?" Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13510/document.
Full textOne of the most common parasitic infections in animals worldwide is babesiosis or piroplasmosis. Caused by the intraerythrocytic development of Babesia parasite, it has many clinical signs similar to those of malaria. This parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, is transmitted via the tick vector and performs its reproductive cycle in red blood cells of the vertebrate host. B. In Europe divergens and B. canis species are mainly responsible respectively for bovine babesiosis and canine babesiosis. A strategy of vaccine research, the study of parasite proteins in contact with the bloodstream is essential for understanding host-parasite interactions and identify vaccine candidates with high potential. Anchored protein GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) are part of these proteins. The first protein GPI anchors described in B. divergens is Bd37.1. It induces complete protection against infection with B. divergens provided a hydrophobic sequence is added at the C-terminus. Resolution NMR structure of this protein has highlighted a probable mechanism of conformational change as a function of pH. The structure consists of three sub areas shows that it is only maintained by salt bridges which can break in acidic medium. However, the environment within which Bd37.1 membrane anchored to the surface of the parasite and / or approach the red blood cell during the invasion is acidic. This conformational dynamics of the protein-Δ Bd37 linked to the membrane environment, could be at the origin of the mechanism that confers immunity depending on the presence or absence of the hydrophobic sequence at the C-terminus of Bd37.1. We sought to assess the implications of such dynamics in host-parasite interactions through structural study of two parasite proteins (Bd37.1 and Bc28.1). In the first case we study the conformational dynamics of the adhesion protein Bd37.1. We explored the different conformations that may be adopted by a protein Bd37.1 biophysical approach and we have stabilized in different conformations in solution through mutations to study. Among these mutants, the mutant Δ-Bd37-EDK including salt bridges were broken shows different characteristics Δ-Bd37. The data on this mutant led us to solve the structure and to test its power vaccinating. In a second part, we characterize biochemically and functionally Bc28.1 another protein, the ortholog Bd37.1. in B. canis, accompanied with the resolution of its structure. We show that Bc28.1 is an adhesion protein localized to the parasite surface and compare the structures and Bd37.1 Bc28.1. These two structures are ultimately very different while location and function are similar
Giordano, Cécile. "Étude du mécanisme d’activation de la voie de signalisation canonique de Hedgehog chez la drosophile." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4131/document.
Full textHedgehog (Hh) is a secreted morphogen that controls growth and differentiation in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The dysregulation of its activity leads to severe developmental defects, and the onset of cancer in adults. In Drosophila, the Hh signal transduction is initiated by the binding of Hh to its receptor Patched (Ptc). This induces the stabilization of the transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo) and the subsenquent activation of a transduction complex consisting of 5 proteins: the kinases Fused (Fu), PKA and Gprk2, the kinesin Costal2 (Cos2), and the transcription factor of the pathway Cubitus Interruptus (Ci). The aim of my thesis was to study the regulation and molecular interactions between the different components of the transduction complex. Thanks to complementary techniques, I have shown that in absence of Hh the proteins Fu and PKA interact in C-terminal part of Ci, whereas on the presence of Hh induces their relocalization toward the N-terminal domain of Ci. I have proved that the trigger element of this moving is Smo. In presence of Hh, Smo goes into transduction complex, allowing the activation and the moving of Fu toward N-terminal domain of Ci. This relocalization is responsible of Ci phosphorylation and activation. My thesis reveals the importance of conformational changes inside the transduction complex of Hh pathway. As the mechanism of transduction is conserved between species, my PhD provides research elements in order to better understand the normal and abnormal functioning of cells
Hnaien, Mouna. "Développement et optimisation de biocapteurs électrochimiques à base de biomolécules et de micro-organismes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10100.
Full textThe development of biosensors is an expanding research area. Indeed, biosensors are rapid, selective and cost-effective analytical tools which find applications in various fields (environment, health, food,…). They are constituted of a sensitive biological element (antibody, enzyme, microorganism, DNA…), which can selectively recognize one analyte or a group of analytes, associated to an electrochemical, optical or thermal transducer. In this work, we developed different biosensors based on enzymes or bacteria immobilised onto microelectrodes in view of electrochemical detection. First, we demonstrated the potentialities of two conductometric biosensors based on proteinase K or proteinase K and pronase for the detection of myoglobin and bovine serum albumine conformation changes during their release from poly (ε-caprolactone) microspheres. Then, we elaborated a bi-enzymatic conductometric biosensor with catalase and alcohol oxidase as sensing elements, for a rapid and sensitive detection of alcohols. Catalase impedimetric and conductometric biosensors were also developed for cyanide detection and used for the study of catalase-cyanide interactions. Finally, we prepared Pseudomonas putida F1 whole cell biosensors for the determination of trichloroethylene in groundwaters. For that, an original route, including the functionalisation of the transducer with a self-assembled-monolayer and antibodies, and the use of single-wall carbon nanotubes, was investigated for cell immobilisation
Shen, Yimin. "Bioinformatique appliquée à la prédiction de structure de peptides." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077070.
Full textIn these years, peptides have become an alternative more and more credible than small chemical compounds. A key step of peptide functional characterization is the characterization of their 3D structure. A first part of this thesis is related to PEP-FOLD optimization. PEP-FOLD is a fast and accurate approach for the de novo peptide structure prediction, based on the concept of structural alphabet. We show it is possible to bais the conformational search to as few as 20% of the full conformational space still having the native conformation. This biais results from an a posteriori analysis of the structural alphabet trajectories used for PEP-FOLD 3D generation. Based on such bias, we show PEP-FOLD2 can efficiently generate models for peptides up to 50 amino acids, at a precision of 2. 6 A, which is slightly better than a reference approach such as Rosetta. It is also a major improvement compared to PEP-FOLD1 that could generate 3D models for peptides up to 30 amino acids only, at a precision of 2-3 A. The second part focused on candidate fragment identification from sequence. I have developed an approach for structural alphabet profile comparison, to identify fragments of know structure at low sequence identity. Results show that, mining a non redundant collection of structures at low sequence identity (25%), the procedure is able to identify fragments of size between 6 and 27 amino acids covering 90% of the structures. Besides, a comparison with a recent amino acid profile-profile approach - Hhfrag - shows that the local structure information predicted using our structural alphabet allows a significant gain in accuracy - 27%, with a slightly better coverage
Malod-Dognin, Noël. "Protein structure comparison : from contact map overlap maximisation to distance-based alignment search tool." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S015.
Full textUne hypothèse féconde de la biologie structurale est que les protéines partageant des structures tri-dimensionnelles similaires sont susceptibles de partager des fonctions similaires et de provenir d'un ancêtre commun. Déterminer la similarité entre deux structures protéiques est une tâche importante qui à été largement étudiée. Parmi toutes les méthodes proposées, nous nous intéressons à la mesure de similarité appelée Maximisation du Recouvrement de Cartes de Contacts (CMO). Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un cadre général pour modéliser la comparaison de deux structures protéiques dans des graphes k-partis spécifiques appelés graphes d'alignements. Puis, nous modélisons CMO comme une recherche de sous-graphe maximum induit par les arêtes dans des graphes d'alignements, problème pour lequel nous proposons un solveur exact qui surpasse les autres algorithmes de la littérature. Cependant, la procédure d'alignement requière encore trop de temps de calculs pour envisager des comparaisons à grande échelle. Afin d'accélérer davantage CMO, nous proposons une approche hiérarchique basée sur les structures secondaires. Enfin, bien que CMO soit une très bonne mesure de similarité, les alignements qu'elle fournit possèdent souvent de fortes valeurs de déviation (RMSD). Pour palier à cette faiblesse, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de comparaison basée sur les distances internes que nous appelons DAST. Elle est modélisée comme une recherche de clique maximum dans des graphes d'alignements, pour laquelle nous présentons un solveur dédié montrant de très bonnes performances
Nehmé, Rony. "Expression et purification du récepteur humain de la voie Hedgehog, Smoothened, dans une conformation native et stable." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE4031.
Full textThe Hedgehog pathway is one of the most important pathways in embryogenesis and in proliferation of adult stem cells. This pathway involves two transmembrane receptors, Patched and Smoothened whose dysfunctions have been linked to many human diseases including cancers. This study reports expression and purification of the human GPCR Smoothened, for structure-function relationship characterization. Therefore I developed the heterologous expression of Human Smoothened (hSmo) in the yeast S. Cerevisiae. Using SPR technology, I showed that hSmo, expressed at the plasma membrane of yeast, is in its native conformation able to bind its antagonist, cyclopamine (CPN). Then, I developed the purification of hSmo by affinity chromatography and tested new surfactants. Results show that the new surfactants stabilize hSmo in solution after purification and are preserve antagonist-binding ability of Smo suggesting that purified hSmo maintains its native conformation in solution. In addition, characterization of a single mutation of Smoothened (hSmoG435R) combined to one of the surfactants, revealed an enhanced stability of the receptor. These established conditions will be useful for crystallization assays. SPR strategies developed in this study will also be used for the research of hSmo’s cytoplasmic partners. Together, structural and functional data will contribute to the better understanding of Smo signaling and to the development of new cancer therapies
Kamah, Amina. "Identification et caractérisation des modifications post-traductionnelles de la protéine TAU : implication dans le processus d'agrégation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10049.
Full textSenile dementia are characterized by protein aggregation such as α-synuclein in Parkinsondisease or β-amyloid peptide and Tau protein in Alzheimer disease. Protein misfolding has beenevoked in the pathological processes even though these proteins do not adopt a stable threedimensionalstructure in solution. Tau protein belongs to the MAP (Microtubule-AssociatedProtein) family. It stimulates tubulin polymerization into microtubule allowing for cytoplasmictransport in cell. Tau and its mutated forms are found in neurodegenerative diseases,collectively referred to as tauopathy, the most famous being Alzheimer’s disease. Thesepathologies are characterized by fibrillary aggregates of hyperphosphorylated Tau namedPaired Helical Filaments (PHF) that invades gradually throughout the brain. These observationsare correlated with imbalance between phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in AD brains.Despites extensive studies, the aggregation mechanism is still not understood and severalpathways were considered, especially posttranslational modifications other thanphosphorylation. We have investigated the modifications of Tau protein by NMR spectroscopyand studied effect of these modifications on aggregation process by spectrophotometry. Amongcovalent modifications, we have studied lysine acetylation and Ser/Thr O-β-Nacétylglucosaminylation.The third investigated modification is the conformational switch ofproline residues catalyzed by a peptidyl prolyl cis trans isomerase
Tchoumatchenko, Irina. "Extraction des règles logiques dans des réseaux de neurones formels : application a la prédiction de la structure secondaire des protéines." Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066448.
Full textDalmas, Olivier Grégory. "Caractérisation des changements de conformation de BmrA, un transporteur ABC de multiples drogues chez Bacillus subtilis : exploitation des modèles structuraux." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10056.
Full textVerdegem, Dries. "Probing the edge of protein (non)-structuration with NMR : a case study of the intrinsically disordered proteins human Tau and HCV NS5A." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10105/document.
Full textMany proteins and protein regions have been shown be intrinsically unstructured/disordered (IUPs) and still carry out diverse and important functions in vivo. The technique of choice for studying IUPs is Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). However, to be able to obtain information of many possible NMR spectra, these must first be assigned. This process is complicated in the case of IUPs by the increased amount of signal overlap. To facilitate the assignment, a graphical semi-automatic assignment tool using the concept of product and sum planes was developed. Using this tool, the study of individual IUPs by NMR became conceivable. A first considered IUP is human Tau. The backbone and Cb resonances have been fully assigned for two Tau fragments (F3 and F5) and partially assigned for full-length Tau P301L. These NMR assignments of Tau could eventually lead to more insight in the structural behaviour of the protein upon its binding to or polymerisation of microtubules, and in its aggregated form which is observed to be one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Secondly, the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) was considered. The structural properties of both the second and third domain (out of three) of this protein have been assessed and some residual a-helical structure was observed, which could be indicative of regions prone to interaction with other cellular partners. We have also examined the interaction between both CypA and CypB and the domains D2 and D3 of NS5A, as these PPIases might be involved in HCV replication
Tanty, Matthieu. "Développement de nouveaux outils et approches pour l’étude des protéines intrinsèquement désordonnées." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6104.
Full textIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDP), ignored for a long time, turn out to be of biological interest. Indeed, although they lak of secondary structure, these proteins have an activity and are implicated in numerous protein-protein or protein-ligand interactions, in particular concerning neurodegenerative diseases. The study of IDP becomes a major issue in order to understand this part of biology, unknown until lately. Unfortunately, a vast majority of already developped tools in biology for folded proteins can not be applied to IDP because this tools are based on the presence of secondary structure. Though more and more research groups are interested in these proteins and in the ways of studying them, it is necessary to create or discover new means of analysing IDP. Three important analyse methods of IDP have been developped during this PhD. First, we will talk about the determination of the proteins’ fractal dimension in order to know their hydrodynamic behaviour. We have used a method dedicated to polymers that we have applied on polyproline peptides and on a proline-rich salivary IDP. Then, we will describe how to predict conformations from the protein chemical shifts. This discussion led to the development of two freely available softwares RamaDA/RamaDP. Finally, the last chapter will give an overview of the complete study of the interaction between a folded protein and its disordered partner, thanks to various expérimental data, the previous tools and a random conformation generator
Reyes, Laurence. "Etude par méthodes optiques de la conformation-déconformation d'une protéine (BSA) soumise à des contraintes physiques et chimiques : application au comportement tribologique de prothèses articulaires." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10288.
Full textRicardo, Batista Paulo. "Estudo da flexibilidade da protease do HIV-1 por Modelagem e dinâmica molecular : análise dos modos normais e dos modos consensus." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077024.
Full textUnderstanding protein flexibility is essential to study several processes reliant of conformational changes, transitions between active/non-active states o domain motions. Normal mode analysis (NMA) is well suited for studying protein large-scale motions, capturing the directions of lowest curvature on the potential energy surface. However, its major limitation is its strict validity for small amplitude motions around a structure localized in a particular minimum of this surface. The significance/generality of a given set of NM pertaining to a given particular structure may be thus questioned. In this chapter we describe a new theoretical framework for defining normal modes from a set of closely related structures, which we call 'consensus modes' (CM). CM calculation assumes that the conformational potential energy surface can be better exploited when multiple-minima topological information is considered. We define CM as a set of modes describing the collective motions frequently appearing in the normal modes of different conformations of a macromolecule. We adopted the apo form of the HIV-1 protease (PR) to demonstrate our approach. CM calculated over a set of structures issued from a short molecular dynamics simulation provide an improved description of protein internal motions, corresponding in some ways to "averaged" normal modes. They describe motions corresponding to time scales one order of magnitude larger than that of the trajectory from which they were obtained. We identified within CM very biologically relevant motions as the opening/closing of PR flaps explaining structural changes occurring upon ligand binding of inhibitors of different shapes and sizes
Bouakil, Mathilde. "Étude de la conformation et de la dynamique conformationnelle de molécules biologiques en phase gazeuse." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1145.
Full textProtein functions in living organism are governed by their 3D structure. This thesis focuses on the characterization of protein conformation and conformational dynamics by means of mass spectrometry, and participates to the development of tools for structural biology. Mass spectrometry coupled to time resolved optical spectroscopy can set light on mechanisms associated with conformational dynamics: photon absorption, electronic relaxation, photo-induced charge transfer, etc. Experimental approaches combining mass spectrometry, optics and molecular biology (protein expression, gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism, etc.) will be presented in the first section of this manuscript. This thesis work was initiated by the study of the photo-induced activation of the chromophores which were used, at ILM, for action-FRET and more generally for the exploration of the proteins structure. The mechanisms of photon absorption and non-radiative relaxation were studied for chromophores grafted on multiple peptides. We then probed the photo-induced intramolecular charge transfer and associated conformational dynamics in series of small peptides in order to understand the influence of the system size and composition on its structural dynamics. The latter experiment required the implementation of a two-color pump-probe setup. Finally, we used ion mobility spectrometry to probe and investigate the conformational space and dynamics of the PUMA peptide, ubiquitous in mammalian organisms and associated to the regulation of apoptosis
Lonquety, Mathieu. "Prédiction des résidus du noyau du repliement protéique et de leur stabilité." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077198.
Full textThe calculation of a 3D structure for a globular protein is well established, however, thé mechanisms involved in the folding process are still hypothetical. An algorithm that simulates the early steps of folding, on a lattice network, has previously been developed, allowing prediction of which amino acids are required to define the folding core of a protein. These residues are called Most Interacting Residues (MIR). Evaluation of this tool concludes that whilst all the essential residues needed for folding are captured, there still remains a number of false positives. Therefore, the tool's precision needs to be increased, thus additional structural data added into the current algorithm. Initially, several options were explored with the aim of improving the algorithm, these were: detection of structural and conserved motifs obtained from multiple alignments (PRINTS), autonomous folding units (Foldons), structure splitting in topological fragments (Tightened End Fragments or TEF) or triplet of conserved amino acids during Evolution (Triplets). Only thé information provided by the TEF approach allow us to achieve an improvement in our method. Subsequently, a further study was undertaken with additional data on the structural stability of a protein after point mutations. Our results show that there is a strong correlation between highly destabilizing positions in a protein structure and the MIR. All the results are available on a database located at the following URL: http://bioinformatics. Eas. Asu. Edu/sprouts. Html. These studies have given rise to a new method devoted to the prediction of residues involved in the folding nucleus, and the preliminary results are encouraging
Belva, Hélène. "Les Spectres de masse en ionisation Electrospray de petites protéines basiques à multiples ponts disulfure reflètent-ils leur conformation ?" Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES072.
Full textSanejouand, Yves-Henri. "Les modes normaux de basse fréquence des protéines." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258781.
Full textBernard, Aymeric. "Traitement des données incohérentes par un nouveau potentiel de contraintes de distances pour le calcul des structures RMN." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077131.
Full textFor structure calculation, the main source of information from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR experiments is the Nuclear Overhauser Effects (NOEs), which provide information about the distance between some protons of the molecule studied. The ARIA software package (for "Ambiguous Restraints for Iterative Assignment") is used to analyse and interpret NMR data, to determine a set of three-dimensional structures consistent with experimental data. ARIA uses the above measures in the form of distance constraints imposed, in silico, on the molecule. To impose these distances, the software used so far the "Soft Square" potential which presents a window of tolerance around the target distance measured experimental in order to take into account the uncertainties on the experimental data. A Recent analysis has shown the NOE errors follow a log-normal distribution, suggesting the use of a new log-harmonic potential. The aim of my thesis has been to show the effectiveness of the log-harmonic potential in improving the quality of structures determined by NMR. The first part of my thesis focuses on studying the behaviour of the potential with some examples of structures well known and whose data have been manually prepared. In second part, the recalculation of 398 NMR structures has demonstrated the overall improvement of the qualit of structures calculated with the log-harmonic potential. Finally, in a third part, the study of two protein allowed identifying the properties of the log-harmonic potential for error detection in structures
Achir, Samira. "Etude des mécanismes de stabilisation des protéines par spectroscopie Raman et dynamique moléculaire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10022/document.
Full textThe mechanisms of protein stabilization in solution and dry state have been investigated in this thesis. New therapeutic approaches are developing from many therapeutic biomolecules related to advances in recombinant DNA technology. Although we are not able to use them because of their low stability. The latter is improved in the dry state albeit freeze-drying gets a source of stress for many proteins. This work has mainly focused on the stability of model proteins, by in-situ Raman micro-spectroscopy during freeze-drying. The analysis identified the origin and the process of denaturation and the structural transformations of the inherent protein freeze-drying. Raman mapping was implemented at different stages of drying cycle, leading to the description of the protein/solvent/co-solvent interactions and decrypting the protein stabilizing mechanisms during the whole freeze-drying process. The protein stability was also analyzed during accelerated aging, by using several biopreservers. It revealed that the bioprotective efficiency of trehalose is enhanced by adding a small amount of glycerol. Molecular dynamics simulations were also carried out on trehalose-glycerol glassy matrices and the plasticizing / anti- plasticizing effects of the residual water were studied