Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Confrérie musulmane'
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Adnani, Jillali el. "Entre hagiographie et histoire, les origines d'une confrérie musulmane maghrébine : la Tijâniyya (1781-1880)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10046.
Full textThe strategy of the founder of the tijaniyya fits in the mouvement of the brotherhood legacy and is placed among what could be called fruit ful of wave maghreb saints from the xiii th and xix centuries : ahmad b. Idris (m. 1837), al-'arbi al-darqawi(m. L839) et muhammad b. 'ali al-sanusi (m. 1859). In order to study the origins of the tijaniyya brotherhood and its spreading, the prevailing socio-economic, political and cultural framework of its birth must be taken into consideration. We would like to suggest that : without ahmad al-tijani's constrained de parture from 'ayn-madi the brotherhood would not have been created, it would not have been built there if its opponents had not been hunted out; nor would it have met with a favorable reception in morocco without the opposition of the other brotherhoods to the sultan m. Sulayman (1792-1822). This introduction aims at clarifying those various points together with suggesting leading lines and calling fresh perspectives. The founder character consisted of a jurist, a saint, also of thaumaturge and the connaisseur of alchemy and magical science. His brotherhood soole also doctrinal colourations and contraditory political positions, during his settlements between algeria and morocco, and after the frensh conquest. It is noted that the tijani-s of tlemcen, know for the mahdists ideas, organised insurrections in the region of tlemcen and close to the algerian-moroccan frontiers thus promise frensh expulsion untill the last man, then the tijani-s of 'ayn-madi and tamasin would form an alliance with the colonial administration. How does one explain the polyvalence of this brotherhood that decared itself superior to other tariqa-s and its founder declared himself to be the seal of saints ?
Choukri, Ahmed. "Enseignement religieux et éducation spirituelle à la zāwiya de Tamgroute à l’époque du soufi Muḥammad Ibn Nāṣir (m.1085 / 1674)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC045.
Full textSince the establishment of the Zawiya of Tamgroute in the south of Morocco in 1575 by ‘Amrū Ibn Aḥmad Al-Anṣārī, its first masters were aware of the importance of a school of religious sciences (‘ilm) in order to ensure the continuity and the credibility of their religious institution. Therefore, Aḥmad Ibn Ibrāhīm, who was at the helm of the zawiya starting from1634, recruited Muḥammad Ibn Nāṣir, a religious scholar and faqīh, to teach ‘ilm and give a new momentum toTamgroute. Even today, students, both ṭolba and msāfrīn, flock from the the four corners of Morocco to learn Arabic, literature and ‘ilm in Tamgroute.The limited scholarly interest in the literature of traditional education kindled my interest in this topic. Ever since the French Protectorate, during which interest in this type of education was started, scholarly works were very succint and their treatment of this type of education was very brief and mostly interested in urban areas. The msid or the Koranic school received much more attention. However, despite its large scale, traditional education in places like Tamgroute received scant attention
Sane, Mamadou Karfa. "Islam et société au Sénégal, approche sociologique d'une confrérie : le cas de la confrérie Tidjane." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3035.
Full textReligion, at the dawn of the 21st century is still, paradoxically, very much alive. Assuming different faces, in multiple and varied ways, Islam never stops spreading, arousing debate and provoking questions and concerns here and there. In Senegal Islam is extremely dynamic. Dominated by fraternities of unequal political, economic, social and religious dimensions, Islam is the dominant cultural element and the principal frame of reference, even though affected by its dogmatic purity. It permeates all walks of life and influences markers of identity, and the structuring and organisation of society. A society which is segmented into different ethnic groups and which is subordinate to their religious, political, social and cultural organisations. With Islamic associations and organisations, who militate for a pure form of Islam and challenge the secularisation of the State, the question of Islam is raised in Senegal. With arabisation, modernisation and the promotion of the arabo-islamic education system, much is at stake in a country where more credible French schools still hold the monopoly in the creation of markets of competence
Būbrīk, Raḥāl. "Islam et société en Mauritanie : la confrérie Fadiliyya." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://books.openedition.org.ezproxy.upf.pf/editionscnrs/4028.
Full textLesage, Jean-Marie. "La confrérie religieuse des Gnawa au Maroc : approche linguistique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10089.
Full textKhatir, Foad. "Le changement de politique algérienne à l'égard des confréries religieuses musulmanes : de la persécution à la réhabilitation, le cas particulier de la confrérie 'Alawiyya, 1909-2009." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20042/document.
Full textThis study will attempt to demonstrate the status of zawiyyas, and in particular that of the 'Alawiyya in contemporary Algeria, and their role during the rise of nationalism and the liberation struggle. In our discussion of the persecution and rehabilitation of the 'Alawiyya Brotherhood (and others) in Algeria during the contemporary period we will deal with the links between the 'Alawiyya and: (1) The colonial administration: the Brotherhood was closely watched by the police and intelligence agencies. The strategy of the Brotherhood was to remain neutral insofar as possible, but it did not hesitate to defend the preservation of Arab-Muslim identity. (2) The reform movement, with the appearance in 1926 of the journal ach-Chihab and the Association of Muslim Algerian Ulemas (AOMA) founded the 5th of May 1931 with at its head President Ibn Badis, who contributed to the rise of Algerian nationalist sentiment. (3)Algerian nationalist groups, with which the 'Alawiyya Brotherhood maintained close relations, notably during the period of the Party of the Algerian People (PPA) founded in 1937 by Messali Hadj. The events of 8 May 1945 in Sétif triggered the preparation of the Algerian Revolution during which the Sheikh Mehdi Bentounes played an important role. (4) Successive Algerian governments: the 'Alawiyya Brotherhood decided to come out against the nationalization of « habous » holdings. The Boumedienne government carried out a vast campaign of persecution against Sheikh Mehdi Bentounes and had him arrested in 1970. From that time the Brotherhood became active in Europe with Sheikh Khaled Bentounes, who fostered the creation of numerous cultural and youth-oriented projects which enjoyed official recognition. These waves of persecution little by little marginalized a religious current -Sufism (tasawuf)- which had been present in Algeria from the beginning of the millennium, and which was part of an essential immaterial cultural heritage in Algeria. It took the arrival and the development of religious fundamentalism, resulting in the civil war known as the « Dark Years », for the Algerian government to promote the rehabilitation of the religious Brotherhoods in Algeria
Nabti, Mehdi. "La Confrérie des Aïssâwa du Maroc en milieu urbain : les pratiques rituelles et sociales du mysticisme contemporain." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0001.
Full textThis thesis devotes to study the Aïssâwa sufi brotherhood, founded by Muhammad Ben Aïssâ in Meknès in Morocco in the 16th century and still active today. This work is based on a eleven months investigation in Morocco and on the research on specialised books in arabic, french and english about the subject. The author’s own résults came from interviews of several people and from the musical practice inside sufis groups of the Aïssâwa brotherhood in Fès and Meknès. The approach is socio anthropological and musicological with a historical looking-out. The thesis analyses the mystical doctrine, the socials practices, the rituals, the musicals and trance techniques (bodies). Point out the provide of a DVD showing the Aïssâwa trance ritual and their pilgrimage in Fès and Meknès
N’diaye, Abdoul Hamid. "Le rôle des confréries musulmanes dans les institutions et la vie politique et sociale du Sénégal." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020036.
Full textSamson, Fabienne. "Entre confrérisme et islamisme, le Dahiratoul Moustarchidina wal Moustarchidaty : un nouveau type de mouvement religieux au Sénégal ?" Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0069.
Full textSeye, Aliou. "Islam et sécurité humaine. Contribution à l’étude des confréries musulmanes au Sénégal." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30107.
Full textThis research is intended to observe the place of brotherhood of Islam in the public sphere and the political, economic and social Senegal, with particular emphasis on the concept of human security. Our goal is to integrate thinking about the broadest possible contrasting the different situations facing brotherhood of Islam in this country of 12 million people with over 90% Muslim. The focus is to examine the so-called "Senegalese exceptionalism" with a relatively old democratic tradition and strong. This study explored as general purpose security posed by the organization and functioning of religious brotherhoods in Senegal. It relies on setting comparison of the two major guilds - and Mouride Tidjane - who are Sunni. It includes an angle of approach taking into account the diversity and unique socio-cultural contexts, political, economic and religious in the international order marked by constant threats to security. This perspective of cultural dynamics unique promotes understanding of behavioral logic of assigning meaning to approaches to security "faithful" to the Marabouts and fraternities. It is also evaluating new religious events and their consequences for individuals and groups on the Republic, democracy, secularism and security of the Senegalese nation
Bouazzaoui, Fatiha. "Puissance religieuse et autorité politique : la confrérie d'Ouezzane des origines jusqu'à 1847 (Maroc-Algérie)." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082449.
Full textEl, Abar Fakhreddine. "Musique, rituels et confréries au Maroc : les ʿIssāwā, les Ḥamādcha et Gnawa." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0180.
Full textThe study of the musical rites of three Moroccan religious brotherhood, Issawa, Hamadcha and Gnawa brings about at first the question of the licit or illicit presence of music in Islam and of its integration in religious rites. This study brings to light three dimensions: a religious dimension issued from the Sufi origins. The samt, or mystic audition, then becomes a moment of ecstasy of a quest for the divine. A therapeutic dimension linked to the founder saints known as thaumaturges. Likewise, the trance takes place in the rite of the lila during which a sacrifice is offered. The play dimension has always existed but is of greater and greater importance nowadays. Thus, the brotherhood of this study, as we noticed, belong more and more often to the folklore and open more and more to the eastern world thanks to promotional tours
Ghanjaoui, Chamia. "Cheminements mystiques : étude comparée de deux confréries musulmanes en Occident : la NiʿMatullahiyya et la ʿAlawiyya." Paris, INALCO, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INAL0004.
Full textThe object of this study is to describe the spiritual development of members of two sufi Muslim orders installed in Europe : the NiʾMatullahiyya and the ʿAlawiyya. The field work was carried out in Iran, Algeria , Morocco and Europe. I have tried to show where the members congregated and how the weekly and annual ceremonies were organised. The members of these orders, whether Muslim from birth or recently converted, were initiated into the cult of the order. Their testimony helps us to understand how they related to the order and to the spiritual leader as well as their spiritual progress and their attitude adopted in daily life
Usluer, Fatih. "Le Hourifisme : la doctrine et son influence dans la littérature persane et ottomane." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE5008.
Full textThe Horufism is mystical and philosophical movement founded by Fazlullah (D. 1394) in XIVth century in Iran. We can follow its traces until the XVIIth century in Antolia and Balkans. After the exucution of Fazlullah by Tamerlan, the Houroufis and their revolts disturbed Saruh and Cihansah. Horufis were arrested and executed. These massacres and pursuits have obliged them to immigrate towards Roumélie and Anatolia. Thus, the Horufism there continued to be spread and mixed with heterodoxes confreries. In this research, we analyzed twenty thinkers' and poets' nearly fourty persian and turkish horufi manuscripts. Our thesis explains the Houroufi doctrines and its influence on the persian and otttoman literature by using the primary sources. The horufis differ from the other lettrists at many points. It is quoted also in our thesis, the exemple of interpretation of Coran and the Hadiths made by the Horufis which are crucial for the hisroty of Koranic interpretation (Tafsir). We quoted also some exemples of interpretation of the Gospels and the Torah which are made through the philosophy of the letters. This study will be useful for research concerning the philosophy of the letters, the unity of existence, and the intepretation of Coran. It will also facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the Horufi poems as well as the mystical poems influenced by the Horufism
Naamouni, Khadija. "La Maladie mentale et le culte de Bouya Omar dans le rite de la confrérie Rahhaliyya au Maroc." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0036.
Full textThe theme of this research fits into a particular line of study, that is, mental illness and the cult of bouya omar in the rite of the rahhaliyya brotherhood in morocco. The main objet of study is brotherhood centered around the figure of bouya omar, considered by his followers as the saint who cures possession. Our thesis is, in fact, a presentation of ground-work documents together with the reflexions and comments of the people interwiewed : that is, the rahhaliyyine, descendants of the saint who exercise the profession of curers and who constitue the hadra rahhaliyya, and also the possessed who remain in the sanctuary for whom the principal elements of treatment are transe and dreams. All of our enquiry was carried out in the sanctuary of bouya omar. This enabled as to study this cult as an institution. Our thesis basically involves identifying the socio-cultural mechanisms of possession, the elements which make up the marabout beliefs and the meaning of these elements in the culte of bouya omar
Clayer, Nathalie. "Derviches, État et société : les Halvetis dans l'aire balkanique de la fin du XVe siècle à nos jours." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0098.
Full textThe study is divided into four parts. In the first one, which constitutes an introduction to the subject, the main caracteristics of the halvetiyye are presented, as well as the sources used. The ghree following parts constitute the body of the study. They correspond to the main periods which appear in the history of the brotherhood in the balkans. The second part is devoted to the role played by the halvetis in the balkanc peninsula during the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries in the double struggle conducted by the ottoman authorities against the heretics and the infidels, as well as the analysis of the implantation of the bortherhood in the society and the space of rumelia. The third part deals with the role played by the members of the halvetiyye from the eighteenth century until the end of the ottoman domination, particularly in connection with the reinforcement of the muslim element in this area. It deals also with the evolution of the penetration of the brotherhood. The fourth part, at last, concerns the disappearence or the survival of the halveti networks after the end of the ottoman domination, as well as the transformations which appeared concerning the situation of the brotherhood within the society on the one hand, and in the life of the brotherhood itself on the other
Fakhfakh, Nabil. "Le répertoire musical de la confrérie religieuse "al-Karrâriyya" de Sfax (Tunisie)." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/146280849#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textFounded in 1645 by the sheikh Abû-l-Hassan al-Karrây (1617-1696), a religious man known to be in favor of artistic creativity, the religious trend (tarîqa) Karrâriyya is one of the most known trends in Sfax, a costal Tunisian city. The followers of this trend used to meet in the zâwiya (place of cults) and sing the muwashshahât (sing. Muwashshah : a poetic form) written by sheikh Karrây himself. The muwashshahât originate from the literary language or the colloquial one and deal with different subjects: idolatry, submissiveness to divine words, praising Prophet Muhammad etc. It is a singing similar to the traditional Tunisian nûba that comes forward as a series of vocal components that are characterized by the same mode (tba`) and the diversity of open and rhythmic movements moving from the slowest to the most lively ones. This musical tradition is a perfect synthesis of the structural elements of the traditional Tunisian music called (mâlûf), and remains as an inevitable reference in the identity of the Tunisian music. The followers of this tarîqa ensured the continuity of this tradition until the 70s of last century, a period through witch all mystic manifestations knew a remarkable decline if not a total end. This musical repertory, which has been transmitted only orally in the traditional way for about three centuries, has been affected throughout years, by notorious deformations in addition to the total loss of musical pieces. Thus, one of our principle motivations was to try to collect this precious repertory or at last what remains of it, to musically transcribe it with complete reproduction of lyrics translating some of them to the French language hoping to modestly contribute in valorizing this repertory, analyzing and rehabilitating it for the reader, Arab as well as Occidental. Such a work seemed to me necessary for it should at least save this repertory that belongs to the collective traditional memory, from forgetfulness especially that the current music standardized and commercially broadcasted by the media threatens this patrimony
Guirassy, Fodé Moussa. "La confrérie Mouride entre socialisme musulman et militantisme politique : histoire de la participation politique d'un mouvement religieux au Sénégal." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0968.
Full textSince colonization, Senegalese brotherhoods movements politic participation, in particular the mouride one, have changed. That movements which have played an unquestionable role in Senegalese social and politic construction seem lose their politic prestige. Originally, their support to the government in spite of disciple’s contestation, as the change of government party show. We note today a new phenomenon in their politic participation: the militancy. From Muslim socialism at start of the brotherhoods in accordance with their doctrine, they progressively tip over into the politic militancy through their marabous, in particular the least influentials. This doctorate try then to demonstrate how from the religious socialism, the Senegalese brotherhoods are tripping over into the politic militancy. And how that politic militancy can constitute rubble for Senegalese politic processes and possibly a threat to the country democratic construction
Papas, Alexandre. "L'Islam en Asie centrale : étude d'une grande confrérie soufie du Turkestan oriental, la Naqshbandiyya Âfâqiyya (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0065.
Full textBased on a corpus of unpublished oriental hagiographical sources, the present study recounts the history of the most important Sufi order in the 17th and 18th century eastern Turkistan, the Naqshbandiyya äfâqiyya, and in particular his founder saint Âfâq Khwâja (1626-1694). This monograph studies firstly the dynastisation process and the scission of the holy masters (îshân) of the Naqshanbandiyya-Khwâjagan lineage; then it reconstructes the missionary exile of Âfâq Khwâja and his folowers through Lamaist Tibet and Qing China; it analyses the theocratic regime they have founded at their return in 1680 until the Manchu conquest; the thesis ends by an enquiry into the successors of the holy lineage and into attempts to retore Muslim theocracy until the 19th century. We consider the doctrinal aspects of this Sufi power called by us "ishanate" : it consists in a theologico-political utopia, which undertakes to respond to the social concerns
Kadiri, Mohammed. "Les Zaouias au Maroc : fonction religieuse et rôle politique." Perpignan, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PERP0418.
Full textWe can not reflect on Islam, in its current state in Morocco, without apprehending its history, forms and representations. Our work is centred on the model of Zaouias as mystical institutions which constitute the historical expression of certain representations and practice of Islam. Zaouias is, indeed, one of the basic elements and, the historical matrix of the social, religious and cultural organization of Morocco. In all Moroccan history, Zaouias, a major social demonstration of the religious fact, represented the decisive actors of the political, religious and social scene. Their functions are not limited to only one field, they act as the typical example of multifunctional institutions. Currently, the existence of Zaouias confirms the capacity to be adapted to a society undergoing effects of modernization. If they do not any more have the monopoly of the religious direction of society and catch in social contribution, they recruit, however, disciples on all the levels of society. Zaouias continue to transmit a religious culture also claiming to reform the society ; admittedly, they belong to the religious component and the Moroccan patrimony. They are also a determining factor in the religious field dominated by the monarchy
Philippon, Alix. "La politique du PIR : du soufisme au soufislamisme : recomposition, modernisation et mobilisation des "confréries" au Pakistan." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32094.
Full textGenerally posited as the mystical trend within Islam and often hyped as an alternative to the more politically active Islamism, Sufism, through its various orders and leaders, the pirs, is however a key to understanding "Muslim politics" (James Piscatori and Dale Eickelman). A major repertoire of Islamic language, Sufism is an ambiguous signifier which has undergone a process of politization : its semantics has become a stake in the power ratio between many contending groups, both state and non-state. Within the Pakistani Islamist field, the movement which has the most loudly trumpeted its affiliation to the Sufi identity is the Barelwi movement. . Often overlooked by scholars, this theological school has been experiencing a revival since the 1980's, through the burgeoning of many new religious and/or political organizations, generally structured on the pattern of the brotherhood. Recruiting in sociologically modern circles, these brotherhoods, established in urban centres, have often successfully attempted to redefine themselves in accordance with the demands of modernity. They have notably rationalized and internationalized their organizations, and become conscious of the importance of socio-political stakes, prompting them to adopt a posture of committed activism, thus demonstrating how "tradition" may become a powerful vehicle for change and political mobilization. In order to designate such groups claiming Sufism and Sufi identity as a register for Islamist mobilization, I have coined the concept "Sufislamism". Besides enabling an enhanced analysis of the various interactions between Sufism and Islamism, this concept may also improve our understanding of the highly fissile politicization of the doctrinal fractures inside the Islamist movement in Pakistan, thus helping to chart the deep waters of identity politics, espacially those of intra-Sunni sectarianism
Savadogo, Boukary. "Confréries et pouvoirs : la Tījānīyya Hamāwiyya en Afrique occidentale (Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger) : 1909-1965." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10019.
Full textThe shaykh Sidi Mohammad Ben Abdallah, also known under the name shaykh Lakhdar was the initiator of the eleven jawaharatu-l-kamali prayer of the tijaniyya muslim group at nioro du Sahel in the former french Sudan. That was in 1909. This singular branch of the tijaniyya is also linked to the name of the shaykh Hamahoullah or Hamallah who was the follower and the successor of the shaykh Lakhdar. From the political point of view, the emergence of the hamawiyya or hamallisme, squares with the setting up of the colonial administration after the conquest, and from the religious point of view, to the end of the jihad and the acceptance of the colonial situation by many muslim leaders. The refusal by the shaykh Hamahoullah of a colonial compromise and the activities of the hamawi, placed the tijaniyya hamawiyya in a warring situation against the french administration between 1925 and 1948. Following a conflict between several moorish tribes in the nioro and assaba districts in august 1940, the colonial administration took the advantage to put down the hamawiyya. This resulted in the confinement of the hamawiyya top leaders in various african prisons and in the death in prison in january 1943 of Hamahoullah. However, the hamawi took the advantage of the decolonization process in the late 1940s with the creation of political parties to develop new prospects and move towards the urban centres. In the post-colonial states, the attitude of tijaniyya hamawiyya zealots is devided between the reconciliation with the national umma and a rigid moralist position which would give it the image of a fundamentalist sect
Gassama, Fatou. "L'immigration sénégalaise en France, de 1914 à 1993 : étude de l'implantation et du rôle des confréries musulmanes sénégalaises." Lille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIL3A002.
Full textMarchi, Alessandra. "Les formes du soufisme en Italie : Le devenir des confréries islamiques en occident." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0347.
Full textThe present work analyses the contemporary diffusion and development of Sufism in Italy, and more generally in the West. It is structured into three sections. The first section introduces, in the first chapter, a historical and sociological overview of Islam in Italy, focusing on the islamic, and above all, on the major catholic past, both inherited by the Italians who are the more and more numerous, and protagonists, in the Sufi brotherhoods in the West. The XXth century is the subject of the second chapter, which analyses the major ways in which Sufism has spread in Europe and in the United States. The third chapter describes the Sufi brotherhoods in Italy. In the second section of this thesis, conversions to Sufi Islam are analyzed from a historical (chapter 4) and from an anthropological point of view (chapter 5). The attraction of Islam and of its spirituality, as well as the ideological opposition to the Western culture, are examined among the main reasons behind the individual choice of changing the religious faith. The third and last sextion of this theseis is devoted to the relation between Islam and Sufism, focusing on the becoming of Sufism and the Islamic "tarîqa" as the Sufi "traditional" form of organization (chapter 6 abd 7). In the last chapter, some conclusions are drawn from the analyses of the process of "westernization" of Sufism and of the evolution of believing, that are also peculiar to the Italian context
Ben, Naser Mohamed. "Les fondements théoriques et historiques de l'action sociale et politique des "Ulama" : cas de la Tunisie de 1900-1956." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100100.
Full textTo what extent can alim meet the new aspiration and how can he take part in the construction of eventual development project? In order to answer to theses questions, the author has chosen to study the case of Tunisian society during the first half of the twentieth century. Firstly, he has managed to understand the mecanism of the Ulama's world, often portrayed as immovable. Indeed, he has focused on the Ulama's social stratification, he has as well diplayed their thought by traiting some issues that still arose sharp conflicts in the Muslim world today, such as the question of education, constitutional reforms and woman's statute. Besides, he puts into question the social and political condition that pushed the Ulama to settle for giving the political power a kind of support and to affirm its legitimacy inspite of their lack of confidence of it. Instead of rethinking the "text" and giving it an uptodate interpretation, the Ulama have chosen to affirm the charia's authenticity such as it conceived by their great masters, the founders of the islamic juridical schools to face the timelessness of the Ulama's thought and the ideologisation of the religion in the fundamentalists' speech, the only way which seems worthy is in
Echergui, Fouzia. "Les aréopages soufis au Maroc d'aujourd'hui : rites et mœurs." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H007.
Full textThrough the sociological observation of a mystic environment, we dreaded a comparative study, in which we examined what makes closer or differentiates the ritual meetings of some brotherhoods soufi in the northeast of Morocco. Oujda constituted a representative sample with branches of the brotherhoods chadilia, kadiria and gnawia. The headmaster's status in these meetings is evaluated by three symbolic criteria : a genealogy, the charisma and a skill in the esoteric and exoteric sciences. Concerning this last point, the intellectual knowledge of the headmaster rests on studies of Sunna and the Koran, generates two managers models of meetings (majma'), namely a committed model and the other one non-engaged. The majma' is a social organization and a way to build the culture'time and body of the soufi. It is inseparable of the sociology of the customs. The collective behavior within the majma' is limited by an outline which presents the historic and cultural identity of the headmaster and the member. The duties and the rights of the relation which is established between the headmaster and his follower is defined by traditions and customs of the society, lived differently according to their commitment. The follower makes an irrational and symbolic journey. This imaginary allows to understand concretely the coherence of majma' committed and non-engaged with the society and the universe
Saad, Mounira. "Théâtre et mutations sociales en Tunisie : de la dépendance à la résistance des expressions culturelles par rapport aux politiques de changement." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081675.
Full textLahouiou, Meriem. "Constructions identitaires de jeunes musulmans de Bamako en périodes de crises nationales (1990-2012) : une jeunesse en quête de représentativité dans un paysage religieux pluriel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33297.
Full textL’étude de l’implication de la jeunesse malienne dans la sphère religieuse en période de crises nationales dévoile l’ampleur de son champ d’intervention dans le projet de société dont se sont dotés les acteurs musulmans au cours des deux dernières décennies. Centrée sur l’action des associations musulmanes, cette approche permet de saisir les interactions entre les représentants religieux et l’État, les leaders religieux et leurs adhérents, et finalement les divergences idéologiques qui traversent la sphère religieuse. Bien qu’imprégnés de tensions et de querelles, les discours des leaders religieux, récupérés par la jeunesse musulmane, sont porteurs d’un projet commun de remoralisation de la société malienne.
Ghouti, Sonia. "L'univers symbolique et initiatique des Gnaoua d'Essaouira." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010705.
Full textEl, Morsy Tarek. "Les "zâwiyas" au Caire : des origines à la fin du XVIIIe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10090.
Full textHlaoua, Abdelaziz. "La production de l'ordre et de la hiérarchie dans une confrérie soufie contemporaine : étude de cas de la Zawiya Al-Qadiriya Al-Boutchichiya au Maroc." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0177.
Full textThis thesis endeavours to examine the production of order and hierarchy among the soufi Moroccan friary. The zawiya Boutchichiya, subject of the study, is situated in the village of Madagh, in the North-East of Morocco. At its head is the living cheikh, Sidi Hamza. In order to carry out this research, to describe and analyse the field data, the ethnomethodology perspective has been chosen. The praxeologic approach considers field data as real and observable. The customs in action (meals, , songs, invocations, pilgrimages, international meetings. . . ) at the heart of the zawiya have been the fundamental material of this study. Two ethnographic movies revealed these customs: ritual ethnography and political ethnography. The universe explored in this friary is one that produces its own classification and its own order. This research highlights elements of the common social world of the Boutchichiya that create hierarchy, educate members in this hierarchy and thus bring them to produce, strengthen and reinforce the order of this hierarchy. Its different spokespersons relay this "Moroccan islam, of the middle ground" but also broadcast a message to clearly fight religious extremism. One of its famous disciples is at the top of the powerful sovereign Ministry of Habous and Islamic Affairs. The message given echoes the preoccupations of an ever growing audience. Nowadays, the zawiya leads a large scale extension campaign of its teachings. It plays a dominating role in the Moroccan political landscape, forming an alliance with the Alaouite monarchy. The Boutchichiya is a political-religious friary, highly dynamic in Morocco, as well as abroad
Triaud, Jean-Louis. "Les relations entre la France et la Sanûsiyya (1840-1930) : histoire d'une mythologie coloniale, découverte d'une confrérie saharienne." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070031.
Full textThis study draws from three different spheres : islamic history, african history, and colonial history. At the center is the muslim brotherhood which appeared in mecca about 1837 and which bears the name Sanûsiyya, after its founder Muhammad Al-Sanusi, an algerian born near Mostaganem in 1787. The brotherhood, at first, was a missionary organization which preached islam to the most impoverished nomads and created zawiya-s (lodges) in inhospitable lands. After 1900, the movement organized a determined resistance against the colonial powers, France and Italy in particular. By a careful use of arabic sources and attention to the internal coherence, changing strategies and different social functions, the author seeks to explain this veritable "multinational" islamic society in which indigenous people of the Maghreb, the Hijaz, and some Sudanic countries, worked side by side. No other brotherhood was ever the object of such intense and enduring hostility from the french administration and popularizers. The fear of Sanûsiyya, the denunciation and finally the open struggle against this brotherhood have created a special chapter of colonial history. The author has looked for the reasons behind such a treatment. Finally, the sanusiyya, although launched in mecca, belongs to african history. In the period of the greatest expansion, it involved all of the central and eastern Sahara, from the Nile to the Ajjer, from southern Tunisia to lake Chad. The author has consistently featured the subsaharan
Matoussi, Souad. "Traditions de danse et subjectivités collectives en Tunisie." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA083702.
Full textIn this study an attempt has been made to consider Tunisian traditional and popular dancing, both in its sacred and profane milieu. Collective dancing is deeply linked to the environment from witch it emerges. It’s also considered as a form of expression that conveys various aspects of collective life as well as social organisation. Thus, it’s interesting to study the close relationship between dancing and society in Tunisia. In this study, we tried to examine Tunisian popular dancing, its nature and its uses as well as its function and place it holds in Tunisian society. This work is composed of three main parts. Part one tries to situate Tunisian dancing in its relation with two important elements: religion with its norms and taboos; history with its dynamic of exchanges and interactions between different cultures and civilisations. In the second part, we tried to describe and classify Tunisian dances both according to its functions (ritual, ceremonial) and its actors (professional, devotee) also according to gender (masculine, feminine). In the third and last part, we tried to focus on all those elements presented in the first and second part. Our interpretation aimed at, first defining the place of dancing in Tunisian culture as well as its social functions. We then tried to consider dancing as an expression that conveys different groups’ mentalities and identities. Finally, we attempted to study the tradition using fieldwork
Amri, Lahoucine. "Pouvoir, religion et société, étude anthropologique du phénomène de la Zaouïa au Maroc : le cas de Tazroualt." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H025.
Full textAfter dealing with practical and theoritical aproch of the maraboutic and brotherhood mouvements, the research focus on the role of tazroualt (southern morocco) and its place in moroccan history. The purpose was to analyse the main studies according to the domain of the holiness and its conjonction with the political, cultural and social levels. The thesis gives a view of anthropological parameters and their occurence in the actual moroccan society
Sambe, Bakary. "L'islam dans les relations arabo-africaines : rôle et usage des confréries et associations islamique dans les rapports entre le Sénégal et des pays du monde arabe." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/sambe_b_notice.
Full textWhen considering Afro-Arab relations, it is essential to take the Islamic factor into account. Indeed, numerous earlier studies fail to do so, and focus unsuccessfully on economical, geo-political and strategic interest factors. The role of the individual, of religious groupings and the political effectiveness of symbols in forming informal networks is neglected in the institutional approach towards international relations. Brotherhoods such as Tijâniyya continue to be pivotal to cooperation between Morocco and Senegal. The arrival of individuals on the scene of international relations causes rivalry with the State, which, lacking in means, meets with strong competition in the educational, health and social sectors. The religious parties are prepared to invest precisely in these sectors, thanks to the Arab partners financial backing. In order to avoid a parallel diplomacy, the State chooses to implement a set of strategies based on the sovreignty principle, whereby internal rivals to powerful international relations and networks are dealt with carefully. This interactive game which swings between the political use of religious symbols and negociation of meaning, and which concerns individuals with both conflicting and complimentary interests is at the heart of this thesis. We also discuss the pertinence of the religious factor and the role of the individual for the analysis of international relations, as opposed to inter-state relations
El, Kharroubi Ahmed. "Islam confrérique et colonisation au Fouta Toro (Sénégal) : réactions et adaptations à la présence française(1884-1918)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10009.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to show the french colonial powers considered the islamic brotherhoods of the fouta toro its main concern is to determine whether the colonial powers have been able to tame the futanke islamic circles after the umarian holy war. The political and religious repercussions of the umarian model have accompanied, indeed paved the way of the fouta toro to the colonial era. This impact explains the cold attitudes of the colony of st louis toward the restless political regime of the fouta toro the marabouts of the tijani order were the main targets of the colonial hamful enterprise. During the xixth century, the islamic brotherhoods of the fouta toro were identical to the image which the colonial sources gave of it since the middle of the xixth century : umarian tijans were opposed to colonial presence. The chronology of the reactions tallies colonial penetration in the fouta toro and its final annexation in 1891. Colonial peace brought about important changes in the attitudes of the sufi circles. In all, adaptations made in these circles were intrinsically connected to the effort of the colonial powers which did its utmost to use religious leaders in order to strengthen colonial rule. Yet, it would be preposterous to present these adaptations as a radical break in the way of futanke islam. The limited impact of those religious leaders who have been used by colonial powers explained why the fouta toro contributed in a limited way to the war of 1914-1918
Piraino, Francesco. "Le développement du soufisme en Europe : au-delà de l'antinomie modernité et tradition." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0009.
Full textSufism (tasawwuf Arabic), the path of purification of the soul in the Islamic religion, is spreading widely in Western Europe. Different areas are interested by this phenomenon: 1) culture (due to the vast production of Sufi music, books and seminars); 2) academic world (due to the flourishing academic literature on the topic); 3) religious movements; and 4) the socio-political contexts (Sufi masters and their spokespersons are becoming important references for both Muslims communities and European Institutions). My research, focused particularly in France and Italy, is mainly ethnographic and consisted in weekly participation in religious activities and pilgrimages. Moreover, this research is supported by 80 qualitative interviews. The Sufi orders studied are: 'Alawiyya, BudshTshiyya, Naqshbandiyya Haqqaniya, Ahmadiyya-ldrTsiyya Shadhiliyya and Jerrahiyya-Khalvetiyya. Sufi Orders are still unexplored subjects; they do not correspond to the sociological categories of Church, Sect and Mystical group (Troeltsch and Weber) or New Religious Movements (Wilson). The research, developed in two years of ethnographic observation and interviews (2013 - 2014), is built on three levels: 1) the conversion paths towards Islam through Sufism; 2) the organization and the activities of the Sufi brotherhoods; 3) the political, social and cultural role of Sufism in Western Europe. This research allows us to see the themes of European religious modernity, the process of secularization and the formation of European Islam from a new perspective
Slama, Khaled. "Le répertoire musical sérieux ou religieux (Maluf al-Jidd ou Kalam al-Jidd) en Tunisie : analyse technique et approche sociologique." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040220.
Full textRHANAOUI, MOHAMMED. "The zawiyas de marrakech : recherches historiques et archeologiques." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010617.
Full textNiang, Cheikh. "Le transnational pour argument : socio-anthropologie historique du mouvement confrérique tidjane de Cheikh Ibrahim Niasse." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20084.
Full textThis thesis investigates the trans movement from the Muslim brotherhood Tidjaniyya: the Tidjaniyya Ibrahimiyya movement. Founded in 1929, this movement could be exported to different countries in Africa through a form of itinerant preaching developed by its founder (Ibrahim Nisse, 1902-1975) and his first lieutenant. Since the disappearance of Ibrahim Niasse, a diverse group of stakeholders (the heirs), continuing the momentum of trans nationalization to ensure on the one hand, promoting movement; and secondly, to gain a better social and political status. This thesis is based on the multi-located ethnography, participant observation, discourse analysis and processing records (internal and external), to examine experience of transnational roaming among heirs of Ibrahimiyya
Moussa, Ibrahim. "Cheikh Ibrahim Niasse (1900-1975) : précurseur de la Tijâniyya au Niger : étude doctrinale de sa pensée et ses implications sociales et politiques." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30104.
Full textTijaniyya is one of the important Muslim brotherhoods in West Africa. The accession of Sheikh Ibrahim Niasse recessed the basics of Sufism in this part of Africa. The special feature of Faydha movement, which guide is Sheikh Ibrahim Niasse, is laid in the capacity of Tijaniyya to revivify Islam; and to consolidate spirituality which is the soul of this universal religion. The other characteristic of niassene’s movement is its suggestion to civilize all people, to give direction to young people in to Zawiyas which are real schools of life where are taught Islam values of tolerance which lauds Peace and dialogue. These values kept in secret by Sheikhs are Sufi inheritance leaved by their majors. Another difference of this movement is its adaptability and flexibility which comes mainly from Sufism assets opened up to modernity, all in saving its values. The revival is been supported by Faydha which is for now on the perfection of Tarîqa Tijaniyya on the spiritual side but also in its international importance
Staali, Samir. "La Retraite Spirituelle *Khalwa* dans la Pensée Arabo-Musulmane : origines, Pratiques Anciennes et Actuelles, et Dimensions Mystiques." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30064.
Full textThe present study was undertaken to deepen evaluate the different senses and aspects of the spiritual practice widely known as *Khalwa* within Islam. This was firstly investigated by an historical and a linguistic study of the term and its definitions. This approach allowed in particular, to understand how the term could be distinguished and differentiated by the synonyms and pseudo-synonyms. In the second part of this research, a serious thought on the origins and the beginning of the practice was undertaken, followed by a clear description of the rules as determined in different manuals which were addressed to murîd(s). Furthermore, we tried in this study to clarify and enumerate the merits of this spiritual practice through a census of its advantages and benefits. Interestingly, a comparative study between the old and current practices has contributed to enrich widely our research through several mystical ways, such as the cAlawiyya and Naqshbandiyya. In conclusion, our findings might allow a better understanding of the mystical ways applied in the practices of the *khalwa* not only in the Ouest-North of Algeria, but in others countries like Canada, United-States, Switherland and France
Diakité, Hiénin Ali. "Al-Mukhtār b. Yerkoy Talfi et le califat de Hamdallahi au XIXe siècle : Édition critique et traduction de Tabkīt al-Bakkay. Á propos d’une controverse inter-confrérique entre al-Mukhtār b. Yerkoy Talfi (1800-1864) et Aḥmad al-Bakkay (1800-1866)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSL1056.
Full textFor half a century from 1818-1862, the Hamdallahi Caliphate was ruled by three successive leaders who each carried the name “Amadou.” The capital of the Caliphate was located in the Macina region which is in the center of modern-day Mali in West Africa. This region witnessed numerous changes over the course of the nineteenth century, especially in its intellectual, political and Sufi configurations. This study is focused exclusively on the period from 1800 to 1866 in the Macina region. The work is based on a polemical text about the differences between West African members of the Qādiriyya and Tījāniyya brotherhoods during the nineteenth century. This choice was made with the goal of expanding the documentary basis for the history of the Macina, and more than this, to make the West African literature of the nineteenth century better known. The historiography of the region has until now been based on quick analyses which are not based on deep study of texts and as such, the choice made here in this thesis is to concentrate on the contents of texts related to these problems. This study illustrates the intellectual and political history of West Africa in the nineteenth century. The text was written after the military victory of al-Ḥājj Umar in the Macina region in 1862. That conquest put a definitive end to the theocratic state known by the name of the Hamdallahi Caliphate, one of the best organized states in West Africa in the nineteenth century. The political conflict was transformed into a conflict between brotherhoods. Ibn Yerkoy Talfi was a disciple of al-Ḥājj Umar and a Tījāni ideologue who was part of the winning side, and it was directed against Aḥmad al-Bakkay, leader of the Qādiriyya brotherhood in sub-Saharan Africa. Aḥmad al-Bakkay was among those defeated in this conflict, and had been a longtime critic of al-Ḥājj Umar and his brotherhood.A much broader investigation and critical analysis of the texts allows us to return to certain topics which have already been studies such as the wider context of these events, the stakes in the relations between the Kunta and Fulɓe in the period studies, and the manipulation of religious texts for political, historical and social reasons
Pouchelon, Jean. "Les Gnawa du Maroc : intercesseurs de la différence ? étude ethnomusicologique, ethnopoétique et ethnochoréologique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100019.
Full textGnawa are living in all the big towns of Morocco (Oujda, Tanger, Casablanca, Fes, Meknes, Rabat, Marrakech, Essaouira, Agadir etc.). Musicians, officiants and adepts gather in a night ritual called the leela (litt. "one night") which celebrates at the same time God, his prophet Muhammed, Sub-Saharan Africa and other many invisible entities divided in seven families. Music, dance and trance are ubiquitous in this ceremony.This thesis gives the analysis of Gnawa identity, of their representations, their ritual instruments, their performances, their music, their sung texts, their dances and their trances. The examination of these differents fields reveals that Gnawa play with ambiguity in a systemic way and at many levels. The way Moroccan society see them, their "pantheon", their rhythms, their dances and trances, all these aspects of their actions and thought are acted with ambiguity.Hybrid brotherhood which has both carried on the memory of its Sub-Saharan roots and integrated the mystic and political influences of its society of exile, the Gnawa - Blacks but also Mixed and White - have raised in art the fact to bring back imaginaries potentially contentious together in the Moroccan society. But paradoxically, they have to maintain esotericism and otherness to preserve their legitimacy of experts of the unseen
Chachoua, Kamel. "Zwawa et zawaya, l'islam, "la question kabyle" et l'État en Algérie : autour de la Rissala (épître) "Les plus clairs arguments qui nécessitent la réforme des zawaya kabyles" d'Ibnou Zakri (1853-1914), clerc officiel dans l'Algérie coloniale publiée à Alger aux éditions Fontana en 1903." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0119.
Full textPrud'homme, Pierre. "La trace de Dieu : une anthropologie des régimes d'orthodoxie au Mali." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3063.
Full textBetween 2012 and 2013, the malian crisis had many dimensions. Beyond the immediacy of the event, this thesis seeks to identify the religious dimension of this crisis, including the impact of these events on the religious sphere in the capital. In Bamako, the Islamic associations are part of a relatively confrontational field polarized between "Sufism" and "Wahhabism". Many agree that these terms have to be deconstructed. This is what I try to do in developing the concept of "regime of orthodoxy". A “regime of orthodoxy”, it is this "tinkering" giving rise to a new religious movement, which eventually register, willy-nilly, in the case of Mali, in this polarity. However, this one is not less performative being renewed during this period. To many observers, the "Wahhabi" sphere has many affinities with jihadist ideologies and requires some vigilance. The "Sufi" sphere, meanwhile, has for international institutions many strengths that earned them the label of "moderate Islam." The "trace of God" is the brand (body, clothing, or discursive one) that allows the observer to identify the membership of such actor to such a trend, and to measure his radicality, or more generally his intention. This is the indicator on which rests the diagnosis that feeds ultimately what we can call a "security Reason"
Boly, Hamadou. "Le soufisme au Mali du XIXème siècle à nos jours : religion, politique et société." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058564.
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