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Journal articles on the topic 'Congenital deformity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

S Basu, Partha, Hazem Elsebaie, and MHH Noordeen. "Congenital Spinal Deformity." Spine 27, no. 20 (2002): 2255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200210150-00014.

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2

Hall, Jonathan D., and Thomas R. Stevenson. "Congenital Ear Deformity." Annals of Plastic Surgery 21, no. 2 (1988): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-198808000-00010.

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3

Hart, Erin S., Brian E. Grottkau, and Jon C. Marino. "Congenital Coxa Vara Deformity." Orthopaedic Nursing 26, no. 6 (2007): 349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nor.0000300944.01956.b8.

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4

Choudry, Q., R. Kumar, and P. G. Turner. "Congenital cleft foot deformity." Foot and Ankle Surgery 16, no. 4 (2010): e85-e87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2009.07.003.

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5

Yang, Cheng, Yuhui Chen, Zhen Li, et al. "Chondrocyte-Specific Knockout of TSC-1 Leads to Congenital Spinal Deformity in Mice." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8215805.

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Congenital spinal deformity is the most severe clinical orthopedic issue worldwide. Among all the pathological processes of congenital spinal deformity, the imbalance of endochondral ossification is considered to be the most important developmental cause of spinal dysplasia. We established chondrocyte-specific TSC-1 knockout (KO) mice to overactivate the energy metabolic component, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and measured the spinal development by general, imaging, histological, and Western-blot assessments. In addition to skeletal dysplasia, the KO mice displayed severe

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6

MENNEN, U., and E. WILLIAMS. "Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita in a Monozygotic Twin." Journal of Hand Surgery 21, no. 5 (1996): 647–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(96)80150-1.

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Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a specific, well-defined congenital deformity which primarily affects muscles of limbs resulting in secondary joint deformities. The aetiology is still uncertain. One of monozygotic twin brothers with classical arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is presented, proving that this specific condition is not genetically transmitted.

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7

Chechelnitsky, D. I. "A case of congenital deformity." Kazan medical journal 32, no. 7 (2021): 616–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj80656.

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8

Abraham, Edward, Bryan Waxman, Swati Shirali, and Michael Durkin. "Congenital Cleft-Foot Deformity Treatment." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 19, no. 3 (1999): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-199905000-00023.

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9

Shaikh, Humza S., and Michael J. O'Malley. "Arthroplasty for Congenital Hip Deformity." Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics 29, no. 3 (2019): 100724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oto.2019.100724.

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10

T, Sreenivas. "Congenital Distal Tibiofibular Synostosis - A Case Report." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 9 (2021): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210927.

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Congenital tibiofibular synostosis is the fusion of tibia and fibula since birth. So far there are many reports of congenital proximal tibio fibular synostosis in English literature, but congenital distal tibio fibular synostosis is very rarely described. Imaging studies by means of X rays, CT and MRI are required to rule out osteochondromas arising from distal tibia, fibula and other conditions. If the patient is symptomatic by means of deformity surgical intervention in the form of corrective osteotomy may be considered to prevent alternation of joint biomechanics. We report a rare case of c

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11

Sananta, Panji, Respati S. Dradjat, and Inggra Vivayuna. "Three-year follow-up after Woodward procedure in children with Sprengel’s deformity." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (2019): 1940. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191705.

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Sprengel deformity is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a congenital high scapula caused by obstruction of the development of the scapula, which accompanies bone, muscle and cartilage during pregnancy. This scapular deformity can be associated with other congenital malformations such as rib abnormalities, scoliosis, and Klippel-Feil syndrome. This is a follow-up of 3-year-old children with Sprengel deformity, cavendish grade 3 who were treated with the Woodward procedure. Authors conclude that the Woodward procedure is an effective procedure for obtaining good functional and cosmetic

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12

Sharma, Jeevan Kumar, Kalidindi Kalyan Kumar Varma, Abhinandan Reddy Mallepally, Padmini Yadav, Arun Sharma, and Gururaj Mallikarjun Sangodimath. "Challenging Case of Sitting Imbalance as an Indication of Surgery for Grotesque Congenital Deformity of Spine – A Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 15, no. 5 (2025): 65–69. https://doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i05.5558.

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Introduction: Sitting imbalance due to spinal deformity as an indication of surgery is very rarely encountered. Case Report: We came across a very peculiar case of spinal deformity case who was wandering in search of treatment around multiple centers. The main concern for this 16-year-old boy from Yemen, who was born with congenital deformity with myelomeningocele and paraplegia, was sitting imbalance, which developed 2 months before presentation to our institute. Patient underwent a thorough clinical, radiological and multimodality assessment. Staged procedure of diastematomyelia excision fol

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13

Vlasov, Maksim V. "Scale of severity of congenital clubfoot by the degree of rigidity of foot deformity." Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care 14, no. 3 (2024): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/psaic1799.

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BACKGROUND: To date, the development of scales and classification systems for congenital clubfoot mainly involves determining the severity of clinical symptoms of foot pathology. However, it does not provide a quantitative assessment of the degree of rigidity of the foot deformity. The use of a scale that determines the foot stiffness index allows individualized long-term treatment plan for each patient. AIM: This study aimed to develop a severity scale for congenital clubfoot based on the determination of the foot rigidity index. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Before treatment, 229 children (350 feet

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14

Créteur, Viviane, Afarine Madani, and Stefano Bianchi. "Sonographic Findings in Adult Congenital Madelung Deformity: A Case Study." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 36, no. 1 (2019): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479319872151.

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This case study describes six sonographic findings, with correlative imaging, in an adult patient with congenital Madelung deformity. Two are typical of congenital Madelung deformity: a thick volar hyperechoic band extending from the ulnar side of the distal radius toward the lunate-triquetrum area, the so-called Vickers ligament, adjacent to the radiotriquetral ligament, and a cortical defect on the ulnar and volar side of the distal radius. Other findings may be also observed, such as a narrowed distance between the Lister tubercle and the distal radioulnar joint, a dorsal subluxation of the

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15

Vlasov, Maksim V. "Rigidity of foot deformity in congenital clubfoot: foot stiffness index." Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care 14, no. 2 (2024): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/psaic1797.

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BACKGROUND: A unified system for assessing the severity of congenital clubfoot in newborns and young children worldwide remains to be established. “Rigidity” of foot deformity refers to the degree of “resistance” of foot tissues during manual correction of elements of the deformity and is often used in subjective severity of foot deformity assessment. However, there is no objective quantitative assessment for the degree of foot rigidity. AIM: The study aimed to introduce a novel clinical sign — ”rigidity of foot deformation”, which enables objective assessment of the severity of foot deformity

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16

ERÇÖÇEN, A. R., M. O. YENIDÜNYA, S. YILMAZ, and M. R. ÖZBEK. "Dynamic Swan Neck Deformity in a Patient with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome." Journal of Hand Surgery 22, no. 1 (1997): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(97)80039-3.

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17

Avdeychik, Natalia V., Ekaterina A. Zakharyan, Denis Y. Grankin, and Andrey V. Safonov. "Use the Orto-SUV frame in children with congenital radial clubhand: A clinical case." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 10, no. 4 (2022): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors109904.

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BACKGROUND: The shortening of the forearm in children with congenital radial clubhand and multi-plane deformity of the ulna is challenging to treat by surgery. The literature shows single studies using the Ortho-SUV frame for the correction of forearm deformity in multiple exostosis chondrodysplasia and patients with posttraumatic deformities. CLINICAL CASE: A 17-year-old patient with congenital radial clubhand who had a relapse of hand deviation undergo correction of forearm deformity. The elimination of radial hand deviation and ulnar deformity correction in the distal part with subseq

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18

Quinn, S. James, Nigel R. Bleach, and Anthony E. S. Richards. "Middle Ear Deformity in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 103, no. 9 (1994): 729–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949410300913.

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Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a rare congenital syndrome consisting of two or more joint contractures in different parts of the body. Otolaryngological abnormalities have been previously described in a significant proportion of cases. However, to date, the only frequent otologic deformity recorded in the published literature has been low-set ears. We present a case with a combination of AMC and a bilateral conductive hearing loss due to an unusual middle ear deformity. To our knowledge, no such case has been previously reported.

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19

Galperin, S. I. "A case of congenital hernia." Kazan medical journal 27, no. 8 (2021): 908–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj83738.

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Joining the view of H. M. Nikolaev that every case of deformity that occurs should be studied within the limits of modern possibility, we decided to publish our case of congenital hernia with contents in the hernial sac of the liver, spleen and intestines, as a deformity that, judging by the literature available to us, is infrequent.

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20

Vissarionov, Sergey V., Alexandra N. Filippova, Dmitriy N. Kokushin, et al. "Comparative analysis of the results of correction of congenital spinal deformity in isolated semivertebrae in preschool and primary school-age children." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 10, no. 2 (2022): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors100338.

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BACKGROUND: Despite a detailed study of the natural development of congenital spinal deformity in isolated semivertebrae and methods of surgical correction of this pathology, some issues remain unclear. The age at which surgical correction of congenital spinal deformity should be performed is a debated issue among specialists. AIM: To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of correction of spinal deformity in children with congenital kyphoscoliosis with isolated semivertebrae of preschool and primary school-age children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 26 patients a

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21

Mason, WH. "Congenital cleft foot deformity (split foot or lobster claw)." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 81, no. 11 (1991): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-81-11-575.

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A case of congenital cleft foot deformity, also known as lobster claw or split foot, is presented. The condition is rare. A review of the literature reveals that this deformity will often coexist as part of a constellation of congenital and familial abnormalities. Surgical correction of the cleft foot is difficult and often deferred.

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22

Sawires, Andrew N., Craig M. Birch, and Daniel Hedequist. "The Use of Robotics Coupled With Navigation for Pediatric Congenital Spine Deformity." HSS Journal®: The Musculoskeletal Journal of Hospital for Special Surgery 17, no. 3 (2021): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15563316211027166.

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Background: Spinal instrumentation in children with congenital spine deformity poses challenges to the surgeon, given the small patient size and the anomalous anatomy often encountered. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the accuracy of screw placement when robotics coupled with real-time navigation was used for surgical treatment of pediatric congenital spine deformity at 1 institution. Methods: We conducted a retrospective search of our institution’s database for all patients younger than 18 years of age with congenital spine deformity who were treated with the robotics surgical platform coupl

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23

GENÇCELEP, MUSA, ABDULLAH KARASU, and CANER KAYIKCI. "Degree of deformity and certain hormone, vitamin and trace element levels in the serum of calves with congenital flexural deformity." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 02 (2019): 6215–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6215.

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The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between certain hormone, vitamin and trace element levels and congenital defects in calves with congenital flexural deformity. The study included 15 calves (study group) which were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with congenital flexural deformity and 15 clinically healthy calves (control group). After obtaining the anamnesis of the calves, general physical, clinical and radiological examinations of the extremities were conducted. The calves were diagnosed with congenital flexural deformity when they partially attained or did not a

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24

Kruglov, Igor Yu, Nicolai Yu Rumyantsev, Gamzat G. Omarov, and Natalia N. Rumiantceva. "Change in the severity of congenital clubfoot in the first week of life." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 7, no. 4 (2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors7449-56.

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Backgrоund. Congenital clubfoot or congenital equino-cava-varus deformity of the feet is one of the most common pathologies of the musculoskeletal system in children. Numerous articles in global literature have been published about changes in clubfoot severity during treatment; however, there are very few reports on how the severity of foot deformities with congenital clubfoot changes during the first week of life in the absence of deformity correction. Aim. To analyze changes in the severity of congenital clubfoot in the first week of life without any treatment. Materials and meth

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25

Wilkins, Pamela A., Louise L. Southwood, and Daniela Bedenice. "Congenital vulvar deformity in 6 alpacas." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 229, no. 2 (2006): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.229.2.263.

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26

K, Dr Vijaya Shankar, Dr A. Senthilnathan, Dr R. Prabhakar, and Dr B. Prasanth Jeeva Raam. "Congenital knee dislocation: A treatable deformity." International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences 8, no. 1 (2022): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/ortho.2022.v8.i1d.3016.

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27

Kamibayashi, Y., S. Abe, T. Fujita, A. Imai, K. Komatsu, and Y. Yamamoto. "Congenital ectopic nail with bone deformity." British Journal of Plastic Surgery 51, no. 4 (1998): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/bjps.1997.0138.

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28

Burstein, F. D. "Craniofacial Deformity from Uncorrected Congenital Torticollis." AAP Grand Rounds 11, no. 6 (2004): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/gr.11-6-68.

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29

Dhaniwala, Nareshkumar Satyanarayan, Khizar Khusrau Khan, Venkatesh Dasari, and Sumit Kumar Baheti. "Congenital Anterolateral Angular Deformity of Tibia." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 9, no. 47 (2020): 3585–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2020/787.

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30

Palacios, Enrique, Galdino Valvassori, and Michael D'Antonio. "Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Mondini's Deformity." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 80, no. 4 (2001): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130108000405.

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31

Hodder, S. C., A. W. Sugar, H. Taylor, and M. L. Jones. "Distraction osteogenesis for congenital mandibular deformity." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 35, no. 3 (1997): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-4356(97)90581-7.

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32

Das, Debapria, and Julien Feghaly. "FROM CONGENITAL DEFORMITY TO GERIATRIC DEBILITY." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 75, no. 11 (2020): 2503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(20)33130-2.

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33

Smeenk, Robert Matthijs, and Daniel C. Aronson. "An atypical congenital chest wall deformity." Journal of Pediatric Surgery 43, no. 12 (2008): e9-e12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.08.023.

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34

Williams, Andrea, Michael Pizzuto, Linda Brodsky, and Robert Perry. "Supernumerary nostril: a rare congenital deformity." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 44, no. 2 (1998): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-5876(98)00044-5.

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35

Ozsahin, Mustafa, Mustafa Uslu, Erkan Inanmaz, and Mesut Okur. "Bilateral Congenital Undescended Scapula (Sprengel Deformity)." American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 91, no. 4 (2012): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e3182240c94.

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36

Foucher, G., C. Lequeux, J. Medina, R. Navarro Garcia, and D. Nagel. "A congenital hand deformity: Dupuytren's disease." Journal of Hand Surgery 26, no. 3 (2001): 515–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jhsu.2001.22916.

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37

Samartzis, Dino, John P. Lubicky, and Francis H. Shen. "“Bone Block” and Congenital Spine Deformity." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 37, no. 7 (2008): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v37n7p624.

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38

Tsirikos, Athanasios I. "Congenital scoliosis: What is new in the present decade?" Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 61 (April 19, 2025): 102–5. https://doi.org/10.25259/anams_2_2025.

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Congenital anomalies of the spine occur due to faults in the embryological development of the immature vertebrae as an isolated defect or in association with a systemic condition. The result of the presence of these abnormalities is an asymmetrical growth affecting the longitudinal development of the spine and often producing an aggressive deformity involving the coronal and/or the sagittal planes. Recognition of the anatomical nature of the vertebral anomalies, their location along the spine and relationship to adjacent levels can predict the risk of deformity development and curve deteriorat

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39

Stelzer, John W., Miguel A. Flores, Waleed Mohammad, Nathan Esplin, Jonathan J. Mayl, and Christopher Wasyliw. "Klippel–Feil Syndrome with Sprengel Deformity and Extensive Upper Extremity Deformity: A Case Report and Literature Review." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5796730.

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Introduction. Klippel–Feil syndrome (KFS) is a congenital anomaly resulting from fusion of cervical vertebral bodies secondary to the dysregulation of signaling pathways during somite development. It is commonly associated with scoliosis and Sprengel deformity. We present a case of KFS with commonly associated abnormalities as well as deformities that have not yet been reported in the literature. Case Presentation. A 3-year-old girl presented for further evaluation of a left upper extremity deformity following a negative genetic workup. Upon physical exam and radiographic imaging, the patient

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40

Aliabadi, Hamidreza, and Gerald Grant. "CONGENITAL THORACOLUMBAR SPINE DEFORMITIES." Neurosurgery 63, suppl_3 (2008): A78—A85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000313144.11433.0c.

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ABSTRACT CONGENITAL THORACOLUMBAR SPINAL deformities are a common and frequent reason for referral to spine surgeons. Neurosurgeons also treat many neurological diagnoses which may result in a progressive spinal deformity, such as scoliosis. Here we review a variety of congenital anomalies and address the maldevelopments associated with each, as well as the appropriate evaluation of such patients including nonoperative and operative approaches. Advances in the field of spinal deformity correction now allow us to better treat individuals with these types of deformities. It is important for the

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41

Maria Pereira, Jordanna, Ricardo Cardenuto Ferreira, Marco Tulio Costa, Noé De Marchi Neto, Daiana Kerry Gobbo, and Milena Peloggia Cursino Fernandes. "PO 18191 - Congenital distal tibiofibular diastasis." Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle 13, Supl 1 (2019): 39S. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/scijfootankle.2019.v13.1027.

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Introduction: Congenital distal tibiofibular diastasis is an extremely rare entity of unknown etiology that compromises the feet and ankles with different degrees of deformity, although in general, the feet show equinovarus deformity, and the talus is proximally dislocated due to the separation of the distal tibial and fibular epiphyses. There are few reports of this disorder in the literature, and most describe cases that ultimately lead to limb amputation. We present the cases of 2 patients treated from birth to skeletal maturity. Methods: Two female patients with clubfoot at birth were diag

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42

Roza Jamal, Mrs. Wajeeha Komal, and Mr. Sarfraz Ahmad. "Comparison of Life Satisfaction and Attitude towards Disability between Congenital and Acquired Physical Disabilities." sjesr 4, no. 2 (2021): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol4-iss2-2021(71-81).

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The most common physical deformity includes upper and lowers limbs deformity that could be acquired or congenital. Such deformity produces difficulty in daily life activities including reaching, walking, lifting, and carrying things. The present study aimed to explore life satisfaction and attitude towards disability between congenital and acquired physical disabilities. A sample of eighty (N=80) participants was included in the study out of which (n=40) were congenital and (n=40) were acquired physical disables. The sample was collected from different rehabilitation and paraplegic centers as

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43

KARTHAUS, R. P., and G. J. I. M. van der WERF. "Operative Correction of Posttraumatic and Congenital Swanneck Deformity—A New Technique." Journal of Hand Surgery 11, no. 2 (1986): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681_86_90270-6.

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Volar plate reconstruction by using a part of the slip of the superficialis tendon is a new technique in the treatment of posttraumatic and congenital swanneck deformity. This small series represents two patients with a posttraumatic swanneck deformity due to volar plate rupture and one patient with a congenital swanneck deformity in six fingers. The results of the operation with a two years follow-up show seven fingers with a normal flexion-extension range without hyperextension. Only one finger has an extension lag of five degrees. All fingers have a normal grip strength and normal fine move

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44

Gharaibeh, Ahmad. "Congenital Oblique Talus Spontaneous Reduction-Case Report." Journal of Orthopedics & Bone Disorders 7, no. 2 (2023): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jobd-16000236.

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Congenital oblique talus is a very rare condition which presents as an isolated deformity or in association with neuromuscular and/or genetic disorders. Pathoanatomically the deformity shows a dislocated talonavicular and subtalar joint. The ethiology and pathogenesis are still not finally determined, although in some cases a genetic basis has been identified. The clinical picture is that of a flat longitudinal arch. Clinical diagnosis is confirmed by plain radiographic imaging of anteroposterior and lateral views. Congenital oblique talus should not be confused with other deformities of the f

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45

S, K. Gupta, Singh Saurabh, Singh Kameshwar, and Maurya Vivek. "Macrodactyly- A case report." Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries 75, no. 1 (2022): 05–07. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7066422.

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Macrodactyly is a rare non-hereditary congenital anomaly of finger and toes and it is very difficult to treat this, as it largely depends on exposure of surgeon to the disease process. The disease process may be static or progressive. It accounts for about 1% of upper extremity congenital anomalies. Usually involve fibrofatty tissue and sometimes bones. The first detail study was done by Barsky in 1967. It is linked with mutation in the PIK3CA gene which control cell proliferation and migration. Barsky defined it as an increase in size of all the elements or structures within a digit or digits

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46

Dr., S. Jain, and V. Rathore Dr. "Congenital Hallux Varus; a rare entity." Orthopaedic Journal of M P Chapter 24, no. 2 (2018): 83–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3970109.

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Case report: Congenital hallux varus is a extremely rare deformity, leading to cosmetically unacceptable foot and difficulty in wearing footwear and trousers. The deformity varies in severity, cause, associated anomalies, patho-anatomy and treatment. We thus report such a rare case of congenital hallux varus associated with polydactyl and syndactyl in an infant which was treated by soft tissue procedure. The aim of this report is create awareness regarding this rare entity and to review the available literature on it.

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47

AL-QATTAN, M. M., J. HASSANAIN, and M. B. HAWARY. "Congenital Palmar Nail Syndrome." Journal of Hand Surgery 22, no. 5 (1997): 674–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(97)80374-9.

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48

Ali Shash, Hani, Abdulrahman Abdulaziz Alghamdi, Sawsan Fahad Almarzouq, and Hayam Ali Shash. "CONGENITAL SWAN NECK DEFORMITY: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 12 (2022): 1385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15981.

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Many theories have been suggested for the etiology of congenital swan neck deformity. The one main theory is that there is a lack of anatomical balance of the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the finger that is affected. Also, due to the imbalance between the flexors and extensors, flexion at the proximal interphalangeal joint results. As the patient gets older, there is increased lag in the extensors leading to worse flexion deformity, and this is mainly an aesthetic rather than a purely functional problem.A seven-month-old female infant presented with a hand deformity (congenital swan neck

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Murashko, Vladislav V., Dmitry N. Kokushin, Sergei V. Vissarionov, Grigoriy A. Lein, Ivan V. Pavlov, and Ignatiy A. Redchenko. "The use of orthotics in a patient with congenital backbone deformation after surgical treatment." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 6, no. 4 (2018): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors64103-109.

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Introduction. New questions of indications and methods of surgical treatment of children with congenital spinal deformity are covered in detail. However, straightening deformed segment of the spine and fixing with metal construction is not sufficient, and conditions for its retention and prevention of migration must be created. The expediency of the study is relevant because of lack of systematic review of the results of orthotic support as complex treatment of this group of patients, both in Russia and abroad. The problems faced by vertebral surgeons are the following: the tendency of deforma

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Bindoudi, Antonia, Eleni P. Kariki, Konstantinos Vasiliadis, and Ioannis Tsitouridis. "The Rare Sprengel Deformity: Our Experience with Three Cases." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 4 (October 27, 2014): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.143407.

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Sprengel shoulder is a rare congenital deformity of one or both scapulae that is usually detected at birth. It occurs due to failure of the scapula to descend during intrauterine development and its cause is still unknown. Although the deformity appears randomly most of the time, familial cases have been reported. Sprengel shoulder is often associated with Klippel–Feil syndrome and other congenital skeletal deformities. Anteroposterior X-ray imaging can accurately diagnose Sprengel deformity. However, computed tomography and magnetic resonance scans with three-dimensional reconstruction are no

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