Journal articles: 'Congo (Brazzaville)'

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Bankounda, Félix. "Congo-Brazzaville." Politique africaine 81, no. 1 (2001): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/polaf.081.0163.

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Issie, Franchel Mbon. "Regulation of the Financial System in the Republic of Congo." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan 8, no. 2 (December 7, 2023): 297–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jiet.v8i2.47074.

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After the 2008 subprime crisis, financial institutions in the Congo (Brazzaville) underwent a series of significant adjustments and reforms in line with their regulatory traditions of systemically important financial institutions, the evolution of the regulatory system, and the country’s financial development needs. This paper needs to analyze and study financial regulation in the Republic of Congo. This paper mainly analyzes the current situation of the financial regulatory system of the Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville), finds the problems in the financial regulatory system, collects accessible financial data and financial indicators, and constructs the financial regulatory system of the Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) with principal component analysis. This paper uses the GARCH-CoVaR model to assess the contribution of banks’ systemic risk in Congo Brazzaville. Then, it constructs a risk assessment system for Congo based on the indicator method. The results show that banks’ systemic risk is not limited to the systemic risk of individual banks. The systemic risk of banks in the Republic of Congo mainly originates from six major banks: the Central Bank of the State of Congo, the Bank of Congo, the Bank of Commerce and Credit of Congo, the Savings Bank of Congo, the Central Bank for the Development of Central African States, the Central Bank of Africa, and the Central Bank of Africa.

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Salignon, Pierre. "Congo-Brazzaville : récits de fuite." L'Autre 1, no. 1 (2000): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lautr.001.0145.

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Malm, Sven, Laure S. Ghoma Linguissi, Emmanuel M. Tekwu, Jeannhey C. Vouvoungui, Thomas A. Kohl, Patrick Beckert, Anissa Sidibe, et al. "NewMycobacterium tuberculosisComplex Sublineage, Brazzaville, Congo." Emerging Infectious Diseases 23, no. 3 (March 2017): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2303.160679.

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MOMO, Alain Michael. "IMPROVISATIONAL MODEL OF BUSINESS REGISTRATION FOR BRANDING SERVICES IN CONGO-BRAZZAVILLE." TURKISH JOURNAL OF MARKETING 1, no. 2 (June 2, 2017): 163–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30685/tujom.v1i2.12.

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Protracted Congo brand nameâ€™s inability to attract investors spells ruin. The research problem is that despite the potential role that can play Information Systems (IS) improvisation in service branding in developing countries, Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) of Congo-Brazzaville does not have a normative model for online business registration. Such insufficiency stunts Congoâ€™s brand name as investment destination. The study purpose is to propose a normative model of online business registration for service branding. The study was conducted at the DTI Congo-Brazzaville using a mixed methodology. Findings reveal that 75% of respondents were male and 25% female. This variable leads to a conclusion that in the absence of normative model, the intention to adopt an online business registration system for re-branding DTI Congo is largely based on male employeesâ€™ favourable attitudes towards e-commerce. 81.8% of respondents agreed that IS improvisation will close the gaps between the growing usage of e-commerce in the business world and the current total vacuum of it at DTI Congo. The major limitation is that the study does not recommend any specific e-commerce technology to DTI Congo, but as an institution, DTI Congo should evaluate the pros and cons of different e-commerce technologies, and then decide on the most appropriate one. In terms of originality, replacing brick-and-mortar business registration service by the online one at DTI Congo reflects a true contribution of this study to theories of brand personality, sustainability and green supply chain in a way far more impactful than recycling papers in the bin.

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HILAIRE KEVIN, NZOUSSI. "Pragmatic approach to construction and reinvention of cities in developing countries: the case of Brazzaville in the Republic of Congo." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 11, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 2281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v11i1.5245.

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Â Â Urbanization is a very old phenomenon and does not date today.Â For centuries, the urbanization of cities has been inevitably accelerating.Â In recent years, more than 50% of the world's population lives in urban areas.Â This percentage will increase in the coming years.Â Urbanization poses many problems in the cities of developing countries that require reinvention and pragmatic constructions to achieve sustainable cities.Â This is the case of Congo Brazzaville capital policy that is growing disproportionately and disorderly without planning methods or urbanization or even adaptation to receive a large population who moved toÂ townÂ inÂ search of well being.Â Urbanization is a perplexed area and includes several sub-issues that are: socio-economic, environmental but also spatial.Â However, Brazzaville is in a state of total disrepair resulting in a dysfunction of the urban space.Â Brazzaville has inherited a colonial space with a dual character.Â The pragmatic reconstruction will certainly provide an adequate response to the problems facing the city of Brazzaville.Â The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for the regulation and regeneration of the urban environment. Then, rethinking renaming the city of Brazzaville to ensure a pragmatic reconstruction that will allow the populations to have a radiant living environment.

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Litoto Pambou, Lucien, Jean Bruno Bayette, Hygin Bellarmin Elenga, Pascal Alain Leyinda, Emile Didier Loufoua-Lemay, and Alphonse Massamba. "Sociological Views on Sport Practices in Sports Facilities of Brazzaville, Congo." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2023): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.1012.14935.

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The aim of this study was to characterize the population frequenting Brazzaville's sports facilities and spaces, and to explore the universe of physical activities practiced and their modalities. A total of 5,492 users took part in the study, which was carried out in four districts of Brazzaville covering about half the city's surface area. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on Chifflet's work on the use of sports facilities in France. The results showed that the spatial distribution of the facilities did not provide an adequate sports offer for users, despite the population's enthusiasm for sports and the demand from a young, active clientele.

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THÉRY, THOMAS, YVES GOMY, and NICOLAS DEGALLIER. "Revision of Saprinus (Saprinus) splendens (Paykull, 1811) with description of Saprinus (Saprinus) secchii n. sp. (Coleoptera: Histeridae)." Zootaxa 2055, no. 1 (March 27, 2009): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2055.1.2.

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Saprinus (Saprinus) splendens (Paykull, 1811), a widely distributed species, is redescribed and a lectotype designated. Its synonyms are revised. Saprinus (Saprinus) secchii n. sp. is described as new from the Ivory Coast, Benin, Senegal, Sudan, Republic of Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) and Democratic Republic of Congo (Congo-Kinshasa). The distributions of both species are updated.

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SAH, Zéphirin. "Pierre Savorgnan De Brazza, a Life, a Story with the Congo." Randwick International of Social Science Journal 3, no. 4 (October 31, 2022): 910–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v3i4.566.

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Savorgnan De Brazza figures prominently .This character marked the history of the Congo through his work which can be summed up in three missions carried out on Congolese soil. To remember the latter, the capital of the Congo bears his name: Brazzaville, the city of De Brazza. Besides this, many other places of memory in the Congo bear his name. This study focuses on the life of Pierre Savorgnan De Brazza, his story in particular, the one that links him with the peoples of the Congo. Pierre Savorgnan De Brazza is the first European to have arrived in the current Congolese Cuvette. It was after the Franceville stage in Gabon that De Brazza took the road to the Congo via the Plateaux which he now knows well to reach the Congo River. From this trip, the elders retain the revelation of the name of the Sovereign Teke, King Makoko whose treaty with De Brazza, later allowed the foundation of Brazzaville. This study is about De Brazza a life, a story. This sends us back to the man, his life and his story.

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Gray, Christopher, Carlo Carozzi, and Maurizio Tiepolo. "Congo Brazzaville: Bibliografia Generale, Bibliographie Generale." International Journal of African Historical Studies 26, no. 2 (1993): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219557.

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Didace, Massamba Miabaou, Mbongo Jean Alfred, Note Madzélé Murielle, Motoula Latou Noé, Itoua Clautaire, and Massamba Alphonse. "Acute Genital Peritonitis in Brazzaville, Congo." Surgical Science 10, no. 10 (2019): 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ss.2019.1010041.

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Ntsiba, H., R. Biléckot, and R. Bissombolo. "La polyarthrite rhumatoïde au Congo-Brazzaville." Revue du Rhumatisme 74, no. 10-11 (November 2007): 1042–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2007.10.011.

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Mbopi-Kéou, François-Xavier. "Post-disaster assessment in Brazzaville, Congo." Lancet Infectious Diseases 12, no. 5 (May 2012): 363–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(12)70083-x.

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Maylin, Maria, Jean-Jacques Monsuez, Pascal Ibata, and Roland Rizet. "Health and war in Congo-Brazzaville." Lancet 357, no. 9256 (February 2001): 640–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71437-9.

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15

Lamy, V. "Les 14es JGAF de Brazzaville, Congo." Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie 6, no. 1 (January 21, 2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12157-012-0359-6.

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Salignon, P., J.-C. Cabrol, J. Liu, D. Legros, V. Brown, and N. Ford. "Health and war in Congo-Brazzaville." Lancet 356, no. 9243 (November 2000): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03217-7.

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Laurent, Matini, and Moutou Joseph Marie. "Groundwater Quality of Southeastern Brazzaville, Congo." E-Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 3 (2010): 861–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/376107.

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The groundwater in southeastern Brazzaville (Congo) was analyzed for their fluoride contents and others related parameters in rainy season. The fluoride contents in water samples (wells and spring) can be gather in three classes in the study area: low, optimal, high. Fluoride concentration in water samples presents a low significant correlation with Ca2+. This suggests that fluoride in the groundwater come from fluoride-bearing minerals such as CaF2(fluorite). Maps were drawn to show the geographical distribution of EC, Ca2+, Mg2+and F-. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were applied to the dataset. Factor analysis resulted in four factors explained 76.90% of the total groundwater quality variance. Factor 1 (hardness of the groundwater) includes total hardness, the concentration of K+, Ca2+and pH. Factor 2 (low mineralization of the groundwater) includes concentrations of TDS, Cl--, SO42+and EC. Factor 3 (anthropogenic activities with the impact of agricultural fertilizers, farming activities, domestic wastewater, septic tanks) includes concentrations of Na+and NO3-. Factor 4 (weathering of calcium minerals) includes concentrations of F-. For cluster analysis, Ward’s method and the Euclidean distance were used. The findings of the cluster analysis are presented in the form of dendrogram of the well water sites (cases). The discriminating parameters between clusters have been highlighted from the Student test. In majority, they are in accordance with those highlighted by factor analysis.

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Kornienko, M. V., and M. R. Ndinga. "The calculation methods for bases and foundations in the Congo Republic (Brazzaville)." USEFUL online journal 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32557/useful-2-2-2018-0005.

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Careful consideration is given to the basic methods of calculation in the design of bases and foundations in the Congo. The analysis and comparison of the methodology for the calculation of bases and foundations in the Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) is carried out.

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Whitehouse, Bruce. "Discrimination, Despoliation and Irreconcilable Difference: Host-Immigrant Tensions in Brazzaville, Congo." Africa Spectrum 44, no. 1 (April 2009): 39–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203970904400104.

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For generations, immigrants from other African countries have comprised a significant minority of residents in Brazzaville, capital of the Republic of Congo. These immigrants constitute several distinct “stranger” populations within Congolese society. While they play a significant role in the Congolese economy, they also encounter discrimination in their daily lives and face hostility from indigenous Congolese. Popular discourses in Brazzaville widely represent African foreigners as a malevolent presence and a threat to Congolese interests. Such discourses fit into broader conflicts over identity, belonging, and access to resources on the continent. This paper, based on ethnographic and survey research carried out in Brazzaville, examines the case of that city's immigrants from the West African Sahel. It situates tensions between them and their hosts in the context of contemporary political and economic dynamics in post-colonial Congo, and specifically links them to exclusionary place-based identity as a political force in contemporary Africa.

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Le Temps, Ngomah, Ndeko Gertrude, Ngomah Madgil, Ngomah Le Temps Ondongo, Diallo Akessi Dzenabou Soraya, Nguema Ndong Alain, and Dibiongo Hugues Vianney. "THE IMPACT OF NOISE POLLUTION PHENOMENON IN THE CITIES OF BRAZZAVILLE AND POINTE-NOIRE IN THE REPUBLIC OF CONGO." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i2.2019.1023.

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The noise constitutes for the human beings with notched joints the world one of the nuisances most strongly felt. Apart from its importance for quality of life, the noise has also repercussions proven on health. Many countries strive to set up laws going with a view to fight against these nuisances which constitute an obstacle, an obstruction with quietude, the peace and the freedom of the populations. Congo Brazzaville is one of the countries of the world affected considerably by this phenomenon. Thus, this document treats primarily the causes and the consequences of the noises with Congo Brazzaville. This article Works out also some strategies which could contribute right now to fight against this phenomenon.

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Moussavou, Ferdinand. "Investissements Directs Étrangers et Croissance Économique au Congo-Brazzaville : une Étude par L'approche Vectorielle À Correction D'erreur (Vecm) Pour la Période de 1980 à 2016." Revue Internationale des Économistes de Langue Française 6, no. 1 (2021): 213–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/rielf.2021.1.11.

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This article analyzes the effects of foreign direct investment on economic growth in Congo-Brazzaville over the period from 1980 to 2016. The empirical analysis is based on the vector error correction model (VECM). The results show that in the short term, human capital, net investments and the exchange rate impact economic growth. In the long run, economic growth is affected by foreign direct investment, human capital, terms of trade, net investment, the exchange rate and domestic credits distributed to the private sectors. Moreover, in the short and long term, the econometric results show that human capital, net investments and the exchange rate influence this growth. These results have important implications for economic policy in Congo-Brazzaville

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Okouango, Y. S. Itoua, Vital Mananga, and Michel Elenga. "Obese and Overweight People Food Profile in Brazzaville, Congo." International Journal of Food and Nutritional Science 6, no. 1 (May 14, 2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15436/2377-0619.19.2467.

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In Congo Brazzaville, there are two factors that early led the country to turn to importation of meat and agricultural products from developed countries: low performances in both livestock farming and agriculture sectors and the popula-tion growth of people who preferably live in urban centers. The association of those two factors has impacts on people nutritional status. This present study, for the first time, shows the actual situation of overweight and obese people food profile in Congo Brazzaville what shall enable to elaborate a database and take further necessary measures to address the issue. To do so, a food consumption study has been carried out in the nine neighborhoods of Brazzaville, the capital city of the republic of Congo, and concerned 65 households. So, it appears that, of the 26.2% of the investigated people, 58.5% were women. The women were the dominant gender, aged between 31 and 40 (p?0.001). The women who were living alone represented 84.5% and those who were living in couples represented 15.5%. Those investigated people had a low education level: 73.3% of them only attended junior high school. Their households’ monthly income was low too. The households whose sizes ran from 7 to 8 people represented 21.3% and those living with three meals a day at home represented 85.7%. The majority of the investigated people that lived on food dominated by animal proteins represented 92.3%, those living on oilseeds represented 90.8% and simple carbohydrates represented 98.5%. Fruit and vegetables, rich in micronutrients and fibers, were not eaten enough: fruit 3.1% and vegetables 1.5% (p ? 0.001). 86.2% of overweight and obese people had sport activities restrictions. So, people in Brazzaville, according to the above fig-ures, adapt to behavior that leads to obesity. That is why, for such a population, we must initiate a food education and fight bad behavior that leads to obesity.

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Mabiala-Babela, Jean Robert, Steve Vassili Missambou Mandilou, Evrard Romaric Nika, and Georges Marius Moyen. "School Delay of Child in Brazzaville (Congo)." Creative Education 07, no. 03 (2016): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ce.2016.73041.

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Rainey, Hugo J., Jérôme Mokoko Ikonga, Randy Vernon, and Tony King. "Additions to the avifauna of Congo-Brazzaville." Bulletin of the African Bird Club 16, no. 1 (March 2009): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.309867.

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Bat, Jean-Pierre. "Les Églises de réveil au Congo-Brazzaville." Afrique contemporaine 252, no. 4 (2014): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.252.0145.

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Bikoue, Arsene, Ludmilhia Miguel, Marcelle Ndouna, Boris Bakoua-Soba, Brunel Angounda, Jean Pierre Pambou, and Didier Boungou-Mpele. "La sécurité immunologique transfusionnelle au Congo-Brazzaville." Transfusion Clinique et Biologique 28, no. 4 (November 2021): S81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tracli.2021.08.237.

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Yengo, Patrice. "Congo-Brazzaville : des relations bien mal acquises." Alternatives Internationales 52, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ai.052.0050.

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Hung, G. Nguyen Tien. "Politique Africaine. Le Congo, Banlieue de Brazzaville." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 24, no. 2 (1990): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485279.

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Dississa, Vincent. "Pouvoir et chansons populaires au Congo-Brazzaville." Civilisations, no. 58-2 (December 30, 2009): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/civilisations.2059.

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Mabiala-Babela, J. R., A. M. Mouanga, U. Mokono-Senga, A. E. Koubemba-Nzaba, and P. Senga. "Pathologie pédopsychiatrique au CHU de Brazzaville (Congo)." Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence 57, no. 3 (May 2009): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2008.09.010.

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Talani, P., A. R. Okoko, S. N. Bouithy, S. Sembela Itoua, and G. Moyen. "Prévention du tétanos néonatal au Congo-Brazzaville." Archives de Pédiatrie 12, no. 8 (August 2005): 1276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2005.04.080.

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Mbemba, F., J. R. Mabiala-Babela, A. Massamba, and P. Senga. "Profil alimentaire de l'écolier à Brazzaville, Congo." Archives de Pédiatrie 13, no. 7 (July 2006): 1022–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2006.03.143.

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Reboul, Amande. "Des dessinateurs sans statut au Congo-Brazzaville." Africultures 79, no. 4 (2009): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afcul.079.0134.

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Ngabe, B., and T. F. Bidleman. "DDT Concentrations in Soils of Brazzaville, Congo." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 76, no. 4 (April 2006): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-006-0976-0.

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Mabiala Babela, J. R., A. Massamba, T. Bantsimba, and P. Senga. "La sexualité de l’adolescent à Brazzaville, Congo." Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction 37, no. 5 (September 2008): 510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgyn.2007.11.033.

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Samba, Gaston, and Dominique Nganga. "Rainfall variability in Congo-Brazzaville: 1932-2007." International Journal of Climatology 32, no. 6 (March 3, 2011): 854–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.2311.

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Dibangou, Valentin, Mireille Belle Mbou, Nazaire Loubaki Ntolo, and Grâce Nianga-Bikouta. "Inventaire rapide des principaux entomophages de la cochenille du manioc Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera : Pseudococcidae) en République du Congo." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 7 (December 4, 2020): 2517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i7.12.

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Dès l’année 1970, une baisse de production en tubercules de manioc de l’espèce Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiacée) a été constatée en Afrique. L’un des principaux ravageurs de cette plante est la cochenille farineuse du manioc. Au Congo, la lutte contre celui-ci s’est organisée dès 1982 par l’introduction d’un parasitoïde hyménoptère, Epidinocarcis lopezi. Mais cet insecte auxiliaire s’est très vite retrouvé à son tour la proie d’hyperparasites qui freinent ainsi son expansion et limitent son efficacité. La présente étude fait un inventaire des entomophages de la cochenille du manioc Phenacoccus manihoti. Elle s’est déroulée dans trois sites retenus dans la ville de Brazzaville : Kombé, jardin d’essai et Lycée Savorgnan de Brazza (LSB). La récolte des momies a été effectuée sur des feuilles infestées, les arthropodes ayant émergé ont été collectés et identifiés, les taux d’émergence et d’hyperparasitisme ont été déterminés. Les résultats obtenus montrent un taux d’hyperparasitisme élevé (60 et 66,66%) et une faible abondance d’E. lopezi comparé aux hyperparasites (22 hyperparasites pour 13 parasitoïdes). Un autre parasitoïde Acerophagus coccois Smith non encore décrit jusqu’ici au Congo a été découvert. Il pourrait avoir été introduit accidentellement avec les boutures importées et expérimentées dans le but d’améliorer les performances du manioc.Mots clés : Lutte biologique, Auxiliaire, Entomocénose, Momie, Brazzaville, Congo. English Title: Rapid inventory of the main entomophagous species of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in the Republic of Congo As early as 1970, a decrease in the production of cassava tubers of the species Manihot esculenta Crantz (Euphorbiaceae) was observed in Africa. One of the main pests of this plant is the cassava mealybug. In the Congo, the fight against it was organized in 1982 with the introduction of a hymenoptera parasitoid, Epidinocarcis lopezi. But this auxiliary insect very quickly found itself the prey of hyperparasites, which thus slowed down its expansion and limited effectiveness. The present study makes an inventory of the entomophages of the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti. It took place in three selected sites in the city of Brazzaville: Kombé, test garden and Lycée Savorgnan de Brazza (LSB). The mummies were harvested from infested leaves, emerging arthropods were collected and identified, rates of emergence and hyperparasitism were determined. The results obtained reached a high rate of hyperparasitism (60 and 66.66%) and a low abundance of E. lopezi compared to hyperparasites (22 hyperparasites for 13 parasitoids). Another parasitoid Acerophagus coccois Smith not yet described in Congo has been discovered. It could have been created accidentally with the imported cuttings and tested in corn to improve cassava performance.Keywords: Biological pest control, Auxiliary, Entomocenosis, mummy, Brazzaville, Congo.

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Célestine, Nkounkou Loumpangou, Louzayadio Mvouezolo Raison Félicien, Ayessou Nicolas, Elouma Ndinga Arnold Murphy, Ngakegni-Limbili Adolphe Christian, Mar Diop Codou Gueye, and Ouamba Jean - Maurille. "Approvisionnement En Eau Dans La Ville De Brazzaville, Congo." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 21 (July 31, 2017): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p474.

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The difficulty of water supply is a major problem faced by the households of Brazzaville in Congo. The objective of this study is to list and identify the different types of water used, and to assess the general hygiene of households. The method used in this prospective study is based on an onsite survey and direct measurement. The survey involves administering a questionnaire to the households in the 9 districts of the city of Brazzaville. 630 households were surveyed. 70 households were drawn in this study and were selected in each borough. There are many sources of water. Overall, 80.16% of households consume water from the SNDE. The survey revealed that 71.00% of households walk on foot to get access to water supply. Plastic cans and buckets are used more in the transportation (43.00 and 37.00 %) and storage (45.00 and 39.00 %) of water. The water storage period is relatively long. It can hold water from 3 days (21.00%) to more than one week (13.00 %) for some households. Analysis of the results of the survey showed that the sources of water supply are diversified. This diversification is due to the phenomenon of shortage and/or repeated water cut recorded by households. Water supply, transport and storage practices, and the cleaning of water containers highlight the precarious conditions of hygiene and sanitation households in the city of Brazzaville

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BYNG, JAMES W., and NEIL SNOW. "An annotated checklist and key to Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Congo (Brazzaville)." Phytotaxa 357, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.357.2.10.

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We present an annotated checklist of the eight known Eugenia species from Congo (Brazzaville) with information on their distribution, ecology and consulted specimens. Four lectotypes are designated here for species occurring in the country.

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Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. "The Political Militia in Brazzaville." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 26, no. 1 (1998): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502820.

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From June 5 to October 15, 1997, three years after the first urban guerrilla battles, conflicts reignited in Brazzaville. The recurrence of confrontation is an appropriate time to examine the social background of the most virulent actors in these battles, the militia. The first guerrillas were principally youths born in Brazzaville, while those of 1997 came from secondary cities. This being the case, it is legitimate to wonder about the dissemination of political violence in the Congo. This paper will reconstitute a chronology of the confrontations, analyze the militia, and explain the entry of Congolese youths into political violence.

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Bernault, Florence. "Archaïsme colonial, modernité sorcière et territorialisation du politique à Brazzaville, 1959-1995." Politique africaine 72, no. 1 (1998): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/polaf.1998.6171.

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Colonial archaism, modern sorcery and territorialisation of politics in Brazzaville, 1959-1995. Brazzaville, Congo’s foremost battleground, scene of countless deaths, incarnation of the State and the country’s main demographic reservoir, remains an essential issue in the struggles for power. But more than that, this city has structured the recent division of the entire Congolese space. The Lissouba, Kolélas and Sassou Nguesso strongholds reproduced the Brazzaville model with regard to sacredness and spatial order, rather than creating a new one. Each stronghold has its own central fortress, its spiritual places and its garrisons. The division of Congo during the recent civil wars illustrates not so much the reappearance of ancient geography as the contamination of the countryside by the strange modernity of the capital.

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Le Coz, Jérôme, Guy D. Moukandi N'kaya, Jean-Pierre Bricquet, Alain Laraque, and Benjamin Renard. "Estimation bayésienne des courbes de tarage et des incertitudes associées : application de la méthode BaRatin au Congo à Brazzaville." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 384 (November 16, 2021): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-384-25-2021.

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Abstract. L'inférence bayésienne est une approche intéressante pour estimer les courbes de tarage hauteur-débit des stations hydrométriques et les incertitudes associées car elle permet de croiser les jaugeages et la connaissance a priori des contrôles hydrauliques dans un cadre probabiliste. Utilisable par tous à travers un logiciel gratuit et simple d'utilisation, la méthode BaRatin est ici illustrée avec une application récente à l'analyse de la courbe de tarage du fleuve Congo à l'échelle de Brazzaville. Par rapport aux ajustements conventionnels de courbes de tarage, l'approche bayésienne est basée sur des hypothèses explicites sur les contrôles hydrauliques et fournit une décomposition des sources d'incertitude sur les débits. Ceci facilite la justification et la révision future de la courbe de tarage, et permet une utilisation éclairée des données hydrométriques. La série des débits avec incertitudes du Congo à Brazzaville depuis 1902 ainsi calculée présente des incertitudes très réduites.

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Ndounga, Mathieu, Rachida Tahar, Prisca N. Casimiro, Dieudonné Loumouamou, and Leonardo K. Basco. "Clinical Efficacy of Artemether-Lumefantrine in Congolese Children with Acute Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Brazzaville." Malaria Research and Treatment 2012 (December 17, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/749479.

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The Republic of the Congo adopted artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in 2006: artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine as the first-line and second-line drugs, respectively. The baseline efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine was evaluated between March and July 2006 in Brazzaville, the capital city of Congo. Seventy-seven children aged between 6 months and 10 years were enrolled in a nonrandomized study. The children were treated under supervision with 6 doses of artemether-lumefantrine and followed up for 28 days in accordance with the 2003 World Health Organization guideline. Pretreatment (i.e., day 0) and recrudescent Plasmodium falciparum isolates between day 14 and day 28 were compared by the polymerase chain reaction to distinguish between true recrudescence and reinfection. The overall cure rate on day 28 was 96.9% after PCR correction. Reported adverse effects included pruritus and dizziness. Artemether-lumefantrine was highly efficacious in Brazzaville.

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Tati, Gabriel. "Informal Land Sale and Housing in the Periphery of Pointe-Noire." Africa Spectrum 51, no. 1 (April 2016): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971605100103.

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This article examines the relations between practices in informal land transactions under customary tenure and spatial differentiation among suburbs in the periphery of the city of Pointe-Noire, Congo-Brazzaville. Urban sprawl is a permanent feature of urbanisation in Congo-Brazzaville that not only propagates slums for low-income dwellers but also entails locally embedded ways of building the city in the absence of state-led planning. The case of Pointe-Noire shows that large tracts of customary land are sold without public control, a process accompanied by the emergence of new suburbs with different stylistic patterns of housing. While suburbanisation does carry the potential to improve the quality of housing by attracting wealthy residents, it exacerbates spatial fragmentation and the exclusion of certain groups in the population from access to both land for housing in upmarket suburbs and public services. Powerful actors tend to profit most from informality.

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Dzaka-Kikouta, Théophile, and Luyindula G. Davy Makany. "Capital social et gestion du risque dans les réseaux de l’entrepreneuriat immigré en Afrique centrale : le cas des Maliens au Congo-Brazzaville." Revue Organisations & territoires 27, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1522/revueot.v27n2.872.

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Partant de la littérature sur l’entrepreneuriat ethnique et d’une enquête effectuée en 2010, à Brazzaville,auprès de 220 répondants parmi les entrepreneurs immigrants maliens, cet article cherche à savoir dansquelle mesure les performances entrepreneuriales d’immigrants maliens exerçant au Congo-Brazzaville, dansdes PME familiales, procèdent-elles du capital social? Celui-ci signifie un fort degré de réseautage des ressourcesethniques selon Menzies, Brenner et Filion (2003). Nous émettons l’hypothèse que ces entrepreneurs,implantés au Congo depuis les années 1960, forment une « minorité intermédiaire durable » (Bonacich, 1973).L’étude identifie les facteurs de succès de cet entrepreneuriat en lien avec la gestion du risque par le recoursau capital social induisant une réduction des coûts de transaction. L’impact de ces entrepreneurs sur le développementlocal du pays d’origine et du pays d’accueil est évalué; sont dégagées aussi leurs stratégies d’adaptationau risque d’éviction du marché, à cause de la concurrence récente des réseaux marchands d’immigrantschinois.

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Ellenga Mbolla, Bertrand Fikahem, Annie Rachel Okoko, Jean Robert Mabiala Babela, Gaston Ekouya Bowassa, Thierry Raoul Gombet, Suzy-Gisèle Kimbally-Kaky, and Benjamin Longo-Mbenza. "Prehypertension and Hypertension among Schoolchildren in Brazzaville, Congo." International Journal of Hypertension 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/803690.

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Background.To determine the prevalence and associated factors of prehypertension (pre-HT) and hypertension (HT) in schoolchildren at Brazzaville (Congo).Methods.This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2011 in five representative urban schools in Brazzaville. American Pediatric Society’s definition of pre-HT and HT was used. The measurement of blood pressure was obtained using auscultator method. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to establish associations between blood pressure levels and sociobiographical factors.Results.603 children were included. The mean age was11.8±3.6years (range 5–18 years). The prevalence of pre-HT was 20.7% (n=125). Factors associated with pre-HT were secondary school (P=0.02), private schools (P<0.004), migrants (P=0.03), the obese (P=0.004), high socioeconomic level (P<0.01), and overweight (P=0.02). In logistic regression, the independent determinants of pre-HT were secondary school (P=0.0001), migration (P=0.04), obesity (P=0.004), and overweight (P=0.01). The prevalence of HT was 10.1% (n=61) during the first screening and 3.3% (n=20) in second screening. The independent determinants of HT were obesity (P=0.0001) and overweight (P=0.0001).Conclusion.Pre-HT and HT are emerging as a mass problem in Congolese schoolchildren with urban migration and overweight/obesity to be controlled and prevented.

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Mayengue, Pembe Issamou, Dezi Kouhounina Batsimba, Louis Régis Dossou-Yovo, Roch Fabien Niama, Lucette Macosso, Brice Pembet Singana, Igor Louzolo, et al. "Evaluation of Routine Microscopy Performance for Malaria Diagnosis at Three Different Health Centers in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo." Malaria Research and Treatment 2018 (September 2, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4914358.

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Background. In Republic of Congo, malaria diagnosis still widely relies on microscopy. We aimed to evaluate the performance of routine microscopy for malaria diagnosis at three different health centers in Brazzaville. Methods. A total of 259, 416, and 131 patients with clinical signs of uncomplicated malaria were enrolled at the Hôpital de Mfilou, Centre de Santé Intégré “Maman Mboualé,” and Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, respectively. Two thick blood smears were prepared for each patient, the first being examined by routine microscopists and the second by expert. Results. At the Hôpital de Mfilou, sensitivity was 62.1% and specificity was 67.3%. Positive and negative predictive values were 55.6% and 72.9%, respectively. At the Centre de Santé Intégré “Maman Mboualé,” sensitivity was 94.2% and specificity was 33.6%. Positive and negative predictive values were 50% and 89.1%, respectively. At the Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, sensitivity and specificity were high with 91.7% and 94.9%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 64.7% and 99.1%, respectively. Conclusion. The performance of routine malaria microscopy in Brazzaville remains inaccurate with large variations among different health centers. Therefore, repeated training including supervision and evaluation would improve routine malaria diagnosis for better management of malaria in Brazzaville, the Republic of Congo.

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Ollandzobo, L. C. Atipo-Ibara I., Clausina Ahoui-Apendi, Jile Florient Mimiesse-Monamou, Jean Robert Mabiala Babela, Deby-Gassaye , Blaise Irénée Atipo Ibara, and Jean-Rosaire Ibara. "Ingestion of Caustics by Children in Brazzaville (CONGO)." Open Journal of Pediatrics 08, no. 03 (2018): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojped.2018.83029.

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Mombouli, Jean-Vivien, Patrick Bitsindou, Darrel O. A. Elion, Allen Grolla, Heinz Feldmann, Fabien R. Niama, Henri-Joseph Parra, and Vincent J. Munster. "Chikungunya Virus Infection, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, 2011." Emerging Infectious Diseases 19, no. 9 (September 2013): 1542–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1909.130451.

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Didace, Massamba Miabaou, Boukassa Léon, Note Madzele Murielle, Monka Marius, Ondima Irène, Moyikoua Armand, and Massamba Alphonse. "Trauma Emergencies at University Hospital of Brazzaville, Congo." Surgical Science 13, no. 03 (2022): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ss.2022.133019.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Congo (Brazzaville)'

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