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Journal articles on the topic 'Congruence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Rančić, Katarina, and Slobodan Marković. "The Perceptual and Aesthetic Aspects of the Music-Paintings Congruence." Vision 3, no. 4 (2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision3040065.

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The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of congruence between music and paintings on the aesthetic preference of paintings. Congruence was specified as the similarity in perceived regularity and the complexity of jazz compositions and abstract paintings (the ratings of regularity and complexity in both sets of stimuli were obtained in the pilot study). In the main experiment, 32 participants rated the aesthetic pleasantness of paintings with congruent, incongruent, and no music background. In addition, they rated the music-paintings matching (how well the music goes with

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2

Li, Chunhua, Lingxiang Meng, Jieying Fang, and Baogen Xu. "Admissible congruences on type B semigroups." Open Mathematics 20, no. 1 (2022): 1869–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2022-0551.

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Abstract The main aim of this article is to study admissible congruences on a type B semigroup. First, we give characterizations of the minimum admissible congruence whose trace is a normal congruence on a type B semigroup. After obtaining some properties of admissible congruences with the same trace on a type B semigroup, we introduce the notion of a normal subsemigroup and give characterizations of the minimum and maximum admissible congruences whose kernels are normal subsemigroups. Finally, the concept of a congruence pair of a type B semigroup is given, and two congruences associated with

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3

Badawy, Abd El-Mohsen, and Alaa Helmy. "Permutabitity of principal $ MS $-algebras." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 9 (2023): 19857–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.20231012.

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<abstract><p>In this paper, we continue to introduce new properties of principal $ MS $-algebras deal with congruence relations via $ MS $-congruence pairs. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a pair of congruences $ (\theta_{1}, \theta_{2})\in Con(L^{\circ\circ})\times Con_{lat}(D(L)) $ to become an $ MS $-congruence pair of a principal $ MS $-algebra (principal Stone algebra) $ L $ are obtained. We describe the lattice of all $ MS $-congruence pairs of a principal $ MS $-algebra $ L $ which induced by the Boolean elements of $ L $. We introduce certain special congruence $ \P

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Xian, Xuliang, and Yong Shao. "The Kernel and Trace Approach to Congruences on Completely Regular Semirings." Algebra Colloquium 31, no. 04 (2024): 639–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1005386724000476.

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On completely regular semirings, we give alternative characterizations for the kernel of a congruence and idempotent pure congruences. Then we give alternative characterizations for the trace of a congruence and idempotent separating congruences. In addition, we conclude that a congruence is uniquely determined by its kernel and trace.

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5

Rao, S. Hanumantha, and P. Lakshmi. "Group congruences on eventually regular semigroups." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 45, no. 3 (1988): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700031025.

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AbstractA characterization of group congruences on an eventually regular semigroup S is provided. It is shown that a group congruence is dually right modular in the lattice of congruences on S. Also for any group congruence ℸ and any congruence p on S, ℸ Vp and kernel ℸ Vp are described.

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Brookes, Matthew D. G. K. "Congruences on the partial automorphism monoid of a free group action." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 31, no. 06 (2021): 1147–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196721400075.

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We study congruences on the partial automorphism monoid of a finite rank free group action. We determine a decomposition of a congruence on this monoid into a Rees congruence, a congruence on a Brandt semigroup and an idempotent separating congruence. The constituent parts are further described in terms of subgroups of direct and semidirect products of groups. We utilize this description to demonstrate how the number of congruences on the partial automorphism monoid depends on the group and the rank of the action.

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7

Bergstra, Jan A., and Cornelis Middelburg. "Axioms for Behavioural Congruence of Single-Pass Instruction Sequences." Scientific Annals of Computer Science XXVII, no. 2 (2017): 111–35. https://doi.org/10.7561/SACS.2017.2.111.

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In program algebra, an algebraic theory of single-pass instruction sequences, three congruences on instruction sequences are paid attention to: instruction sequence congruence, structural congruence, and behavioural congruence. Sound and complete axiom systems for the first two congruences were already given in early papers on program algebra. The current paper is the first one that is concerned with an axiom system for the third congruence. The presented axiom system is especially notable for its axioms that have to do with forward jump instructions.

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DAVEY, BRIAN A., MARCEL JACKSON, MIKLÓS MARÓTI, and RALPH N. MCKENZIE. "PRINCIPAL AND SYNTACTIC CONGRUENCES IN CONGRUENCE-DISTRIBUTIVE AND CONGRUENCE-PERMUTABLE VARIETIES." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 85, no. 1 (2008): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s144678870800061x.

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AbstractWe give a new proof that a finitely generated congruence-distributive variety has finitely determined syntactic congruences (or, equivalently, term finite principal congruences), and show that the same does not hold for finitely generated congruence-permutable varieties, even under the additional assumption that the variety is residually very finite.

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9

Georgescu, George, Leonard Kwuida, and Claudia Mureşan. "Congruence Extensions in Congruence–Modular Varieties." Axioms 13, no. 12 (2024): 824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms13120824.

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We investigate from an algebraic and topological point of view the minimal prime spectrum of a universal algebra, considering the prime congruences with respect to the term condition commutator. Then we use the topological structure of the minimal prime spectrum to study extensions of universal algebras that generalize certain types of ring extensions. Our results hold for semiprime members of semidegenerate congruence–modular varieties, as well as semiprime algebras whose term condition commutators are commutative and distributive with respect to arbitrary joins and satisfy certain conditions

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10

Aurier, Philippe, and Fatiha Fort. "Effets de la région d'origine, du produit, de la marque et de leurs congruences, sur l‘évaluation des consommateurs: application aux produits agroalimentaires." Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) 20, no. 4 (2005): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/076737010502000402.

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L'attitude pour le produit, la marque et l'origine géographique, ainsi que leurs congruences respectives (produit × origine, marque × origine, marque × produit), sont étudiées comme facteurs explicatifs de l'évaluation globale d'un produit marqué et d'origine. Dans une expérimentation sur deux produits alimentaires (Tomme/Cassoulet), nous observons qu'en condition de congruence totale, seule l'attitude pour la marque influence l'évaluation globale. En revanche, dans le cas où la marque et/ou l'origine ne sont plus congruentes avec la catégorie, alors les facteurs de congruence perçue correspon

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11

Viana, Lucas Henrique, Filomena Maria Gonçalves da Silva Cordeiro Moita, and Leandro Mário Lucas. "Habilidades de pensamento geométrico na aprendizagem de congruência de triângulos." Educação Matemática em Revista 30, no. 88 (2025): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.37001/emr.v30i88.4301.

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Traditionally, the teaching of triangle congruence is conducted through memorization of specific cases. However, it is important to explore methods that encourage students to create their own strategies for checking congruences. Given this problem, this experience report aims to reflect about the influence of geometric thinking skills in learning triangle congruence. Configurated as a qualitative case study, the research was applied to eight students from eighth grade and explored congruent triangles definition. The results revealed that verbal, visual, logical and drawing skills were needed a

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12

Gigoń, Roman S. "Completely simple congruences on E-inversive semigroups." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 15, no. 06 (2016): 1650052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498816500523.

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We study completely simple congruences on an arbitrary [Formula: see text]-inversive semigroup [Formula: see text]. In particular, we show that every such congruence [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] is uniquely determined by its kernel and trace, and that the trace of [Formula: see text] is a congruence on the biordered set [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we investigate the complete lattice of all completely simple congruences on [Formula: see text] and show that the trace relation is a complete congruence on this lattice. We also construct a family of completely simple congruences on

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13

Senad, Orhani, and Çeko Besim. "Some applications of linear congruence from number theory." International Research Journal of Science, Technology, Education, and Management 3, no. 2 (2023): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8141702.

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In this research, two distinct areas of number theory and its use in computer science are combined. In this article, an investigation was conducted on the implementation of solutions to linear congruence problems. Linear congruence is a concept implying that two integers a and b are congruent modulo m (denoted as ), if the difference between them is exactly proportional to . The study is important in the field of number theory and computer science which brings many benefits and efficient solutions to various problems. Therefore, the study investigates the application of linear congruence throu

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Badawy, Abd El-Mohsen, and Kar Ping Shum. "Congruence pairs of principal p-algebras." Mathematica Slovaca 67, no. 1 (2017): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ms-2016-0265.

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Abstract In this paper, we first introduce the concept of congruence pairs on the class of principal p-algebras. Then, we show that every congruence relation θ on a principal p-algebra L can be uniquely determined by a congruence pair (θ 1, θ 2). Moreover, the strong extensions of principal p-algebras and the permutability of congruences will be investigated by congruence pairs.

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15

Grätzer, G., and E. T. Schmidt. "Congruence Class Sizes in Finite Sectionally Complemented Lattices." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 47, no. 2 (2004): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-2004-019-3.

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AbstractThe congruences of a finite sectionally complemented lattice L are not necessarily uniform (any two congruence classes of a congruence are of the same size). To measure how far a congruence Θ of L is from being uniform, we introduce Spec Θ, the spectrum of Θ, the family of cardinalities of the congruence classes of Θ. A typical result of this paper characterizes the spectrum S = (mj | j < n) of a nontrivial congruence Θ with the following two properties:

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16

Fallon, Nicholas, Timo Giesbrecht, Anna Thomas, and Andrej Stancak. "A Behavioral and Electrophysiological Investigation of Effects of Visual Congruence on Olfactory Sensitivity During Habituation to Prolonged Odors." Chemical Senses 45, no. 9 (2020): 845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa065.

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Abstract Congruent visual cues augment sensitivity to brief olfactory presentations and habituation of odor perception is modulated by central-cognitive processing including context. However, it is not known whether habituation to odors could interact with cross-modal congruent stimuli. The present research investigated the effect of visual congruence on odor detection sensitivity during continuous odor exposures. We utilized a multimethod approach, including subjective behavioral responses and reaction times (RTs; study 1) and electroencephalography (EEG, study 2). Study 1: 25 participants re

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17

FAN, XINGKUI, QIANHUA CHEN, and XIANGJUN KONG. "COMPLETE LATTICE HOMOMORPHISM OF STRONGLY REGULAR CONGRUENCES ON -INVERSIVE SEMIGROUPS." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 100, no. 2 (2015): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788715000373.

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In this paper, we investigate strongly regular congruences on $E$-inversive semigroups $S$. We describe the complete lattice homomorphism of strongly regular congruences, which is a generalization of an open problem of Pastijn and Petrich for regular semigroups. An abstract characterization of left and right traces for strongly regular congruences is given. The strongly regular (sr) congruences on $E$-inversive semigroups $S$ are described by means of certain strongly regular congruence triples $({\it\gamma},K,{\it\delta})$ consisting of certain sr-normal equivalences ${\it\gamma}$ and ${\it\d

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18

Gong, Chunmei, Lele Cui, and Hui Wang. "Good congruences on weakly ample semigroups." Thermal Science 25, no. 2 Part B (2021): 1431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200420043g.

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The concept of normal congruence on a weakly ample semigroup, S, is introduced and the maximum and minimum admissible congruences whose trace is the normal congruence, ?, on a weakly ample semigroup, S, are characterized in this paper. Some results about congruences on ample semigroups are generalized to weakly ample semigroups.

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19

Arora, Nilesh, Sanjeev Prashar, Sai Vijay Tata, and Chandan Parsad. "Measuring personality congruency effects on consumer brand intentions in celebrity-endorsed brands." Journal of Consumer Marketing 38, no. 3 (2021): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-02-2020-3634.

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Purpose Brand managers frequently use well-known celebrities to position their brands and capture consumers’ attention to improve the brand’s market share. The attachment of a celebrity with a brand creates a human image for a brand and helps in personifying its image. The consumer perceives the brand as an individual and relates his personality, as well as the personality of the celebrity with that of the brand. It becomes pertinent for marketers to understand how brand-celebrity personality congruence and brand-consumer personality congruence affect the brand reputation, uniqueness and purch

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20

Sanwong, Jintana, and R. P. Sullivan. "Maximal Congruences on Some Semigroups." Algebra Colloquium 14, no. 02 (2007): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1005386707000259.

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In 1976 Howie proved that a finite congruence-free semigroup is a simple group if it has at least three elements but no zero element. Infinite congruence-free semigroups are far more complicated to describe, but some have been constructed using semigroups of transformations (for example, by Howie in 1981 and by Marques in 1983). Here, for certain semigroups S of numbers and of transformations, we determine all congruences ρ on S such that S/ρ is congruence-free, that is, we describe all maximal congruences on such semigroups S.

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21

Qin, Xiaoyan, Yi Liu, and Yang Xu. "Vague Congruences and Quotient Lattice Implication Algebras." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/197403.

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The aim of this paper is to further develop the congruence theory on lattice implication algebras. Firstly, we introduce the notions of vague similarity relations based on vague relations and vague congruence relations. Secondly, the equivalent characterizations of vague congruence relations are investigated. Thirdly, the relation between the set of vague filters and the set of vague congruences is studied. Finally, we construct a new lattice implication algebra induced by a vague congruence, and the homomorphism theorem is given.

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22

Kipper, David A., and Melany E. Baehr. "Consistency as a Moderating Factor in Self- and Observational Assessments of Personality." Perceptual and Motor Skills 66, no. 2 (1988): 559–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.66.2.559.

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The consistency of responses to a disguised form of self-assessment, originally a check measure, was thought to serve a moderating role affecting the congruence between different forms and sources of assessment. It was predicted that scorers of high consistency would show greater congruence than scorers of low consistency between their self-assessments on two procedures, a disguised vs an undisguised. The same pattern was predicted for congruencies between disguised self-assessments and undisguised supervisors' assessments. A disguised and an undisguised version of an assessment inventory addr

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Munn, W. D. "Congruence-free regular semigroups." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 28, no. 1 (1985): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500003254.

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A semigroup is said to be congruence-free if and only if its only congruences are the universal relation and the identical relation. Congruence-free inverse semigroups were studied by Baird [2], Trotter [19], Munn [15,16] and Reilly [18]. In addition, results on congruence-free regular semigroups have been obtained by Trotter [20], Hall [4] and Howie [7].

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Rémi, Jan, Sophie Shen, Moritz Tacke, et al. "Congruence and Discrepancy of Interictal and Ictal EEG With MRI Lesions in Pediatric Epilepsies." Clinical EEG and Neuroscience 51, no. 6 (2020): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550059420921712.

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Purpose. To evaluate the congruence or discrepancy of the localization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions with interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) or epileptic seizure patterns (ESPs) in surface EEG in lesional pediatric epilepsy patients. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed presurgical MRI and video-EEG monitoring findings of patients up to age 18 years. Localization of MRI lesions were compared with ictal and interictal noninvasive EEG findings of patients with frontal, temporal, parietal, or occipital lesions. Results. A total of 71 patients were included. Localization of ES

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Tang, Jian, Bijan Davvaz, and Xiang-Yun Xie. "An investigation on hyper S-posets over ordered semihypergroups." Open Mathematics 15, no. 1 (2017): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2017-0004.

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Abstract In this paper, we define and study the hyper S-posets over an ordered semihypergroup in detail. We introduce the hyper version of a pseudoorder in a hyper S-poset, and give some related properties. In particular, we characterize the structure of factor hyper S-posets by pseudoorders. Furthermore, we introduce the concepts of order-congruences and strong order-congruences on a hyper S-poset A, and obtain the relationship between strong order-congruences and pseudoorders on A. We also characterize the (strong) order-congruences by the ρ-chains, where ρ is a (strong) congruence on A. Mor

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Bonzini, C., та A. Cherubini. "Modularity of the lattice of congruences of a regular ω-semigroup". Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 33, № 3 (1990): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500004831.

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In this paper a characterization of the regular ω-semigroups whose congruence lattice is modular is given. The characterization obtained for such semigroups generalizes the one given by Munn for bisimple ω-semigroups and completes a result of Baird dealing with the modularity of the sublattice of the congruence lattice of a simple regular ω-semigroup consisting of congruences which are either idempotent separating or group congruences.

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TRENEER, STEPHANIE. "CONGRUENCES FOR THE COEFFICIENTS OF WEAKLY HOLOMORPHIC MODULAR FORMS." Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society 93, no. 2 (2006): 304–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0024611506015814.

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Recent works have used the theory of modular forms to establish linear congruences for the partition function and for traces of singular moduli. We show that this type of phenomenon is completely general, by finding similar congruences for the coefficients of any weakly holomorphic modular form on any congruence subgroup $\Gamma_0 (N)$. In particular, we give congruences for a wide class of partition functions and for traces of CM values of arbitrary modular functions on certain congruence subgroups of prime level.

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Meštrović, Romeo. "An Extension of a Congruence by Tauraso." ISRN Combinatorics 2013 (December 25, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/363724.

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For a positive integer let be the th harmonic number. In this paper we prove that, for any prime , . Notice that the first part of this congruence is proposed in 2008 by Tauraso. In our elementary proof of the second part of the above congruence we use certain classical congruences modulo a prime and the square of a prime, some congruences involving harmonic numbers, and a combinatorial identity due to Hernández. Our auxiliary results contain many interesting combinatorial congruences involving harmonic numbers.

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Adams, M. E. "Principal congruences in de Morgan algebras." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 30, no. 3 (1987): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500026808.

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A congruence relation θ on an algebra L is principal if there exist a, b)∈L such that θ is the smallest congruence relation for which (a, b)∈θ. The property that, for every algebra in a variety, the intersection of two principal congruences is again a principal congruence is one that is known to be shared by many varieties (see, for example, K. A. Baker [1]). One such example is the variety of Boolean algebras. De Morgan algebras are a generalization of Boolean algebras and it is the intersection of principal congruences in the variety of de Morgan algebras that is to be considered in this not

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Yousaf, Z., M. Zaeem-ul-Haq Bhatti, and Aamna Rafaqat. "LTB geometry with tilted and nontilted congruences in f(R,T) gravity." International Journal of Modern Physics D 26, no. 09 (2017): 1750099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271817500997.

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We investigate the role of tilted and nontilted congruence in the dynamics of dissipative Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi spacetime in [Formula: see text] gravity. We consider imperfect fluid with its congruences observed by tilted observer and dust fluid filled with LTB geometry observed by the nontilted observer. In order to elaborate the dynamical features of two congruences, we consider well-known [Formula: see text] models and develop relationships between tilted and nontilted dynamical variables. We evaluate the nonzero divergence of energy–momentum tensor for tilted congruence and transport equat

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Arnold, André, Patrick Cégielski, and Irène Guessarian. "Affine Completeness of Some Free Binary Algebras." Fundamenta Informaticae 186, no. 1-4 (2022): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-222117.

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A function on an algebra is congruence preserving if, for any congruence, it maps pairs of congruent elements onto pairs of congruent elements. An algebra is said to be affine complete if every congruence preserving function is a polynomial function. We show that the algebra of (possibly empty) binary trees whose leaves are labeled by letters of an alphabet containing at least one letter, and the free monoid on an alphabet containing at least two letters are affine complete.

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Klettner, Silvia. "Form Follows Content: An Empirical Study on Symbol-Content (In)Congruences in Thematic Maps." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 12 (2020): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9120719.

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Through signs and symbols, maps represent geographic space in a generalized and abstracted way. Cartographic research is, therefore, concerned with establishing a mutually shared set of signs and semiotic rules to communicate geospatial information successfully. While cartographers generally strive for cognitively congruent maps, empirical research has only started to explore the different facets and levels of correspondences between external cartographic representations and processes of human cognition. This research, therefore, draws attention to the principle of contextual congruence to stu

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Gao, Ang, Kai Zhao, and Qing Qu. "Linking person–organization adhocracy value congruence to creativity." Journal of Managerial Psychology 35, no. 7/8 (2020): 603–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-08-2019-0448.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of person–organization (P-O) adhocracy value congruence on employee creativity using the supplementary fit theory while investigating the moderating effect of the immediate supervisor's transformational leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses polynomial regression to analyze 431 employees from 47 Chinese companies.FindingsHigher levels of creativity were observed in employees whose adhocracy value was congruent with that of the organization.Practical implicationsThe practice of hiring employees with creative value or buildi

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Кокарева, Я., and Ya Kokareva. "Synthesis of Equations For Ruled Surfaces With Two Curvilinear And One Rectangular Directrixes." Geometry & Graphics 6, no. 3 (2018): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5bc454948a7d90.80979486.

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Ruled surfaces have long been known and are widely used in construction, architecture, design and engineering. And if from the technical point of view the developable surfaces are more attractive, then architecture and design successfully experiment with non-developable ones. In this paper are considered non-developable ruled surfaces with three generators, two of which are curvilinear ones. According to classification, such surfaces are called twice oblique cylindroids. In this paper has been proposed an approach for obtaining of twice oblique cylindroids by immersing a curve in a line congru

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Rittri, Mikael. "Using types as search keys in function libraries." Journal of Functional Programming 1, no. 1 (1991): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095679680000006x.

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AbstractA method is proposed to search for an identifier in a functional program library by using its Hindley–Milner type as a key. This can be seen as an approximation of using the specification as a key.Functions that only differ in their argument order or currying are essentially the same, which is expressed by a congruence relation on types. During a library search, congruent types are identified. If a programmer is not satisfied with the type of a found value, he can use a conversion function (like curry), which must exist between congruent types, to convert the value into the type of his

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IDZIAK, PAWEŁ, KATARZYNA SŁOMCZYŃSKA, and ANDRZEJ WROŃSKI. "FREGEAN VARIETIES." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 19, no. 05 (2009): 595–645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196709005251.

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A class [Formula: see text] of algebras with a distinguished constant term 0 is called Fregean if congruences of algebras in [Formula: see text] are uniquely determined by their 0–cosets and ΘA (0,a) = ΘA (0,b) implies a = b for all [Formula: see text]. The structure of Fregean varieties is investigated. In particular it is shown that every congruence permutable Fregean variety consists of algebras that are expansions of equivalential algebras, i.e. algebras that form an algebraization of the purely equivalential fragment of the intuitionistic propositional logic. Moreover the clone of polynom

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Murray, A. P., and J. M. McCarthy. "Passing a Central Axis Congruence Through Six Arbitrary Lines in Space." Journal of Mechanical Design 118, no. 4 (1996): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826921.

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The design theory of a spatial 4C linkage to move a rigid body through four specified spatial positions determines a congruence of lines that may be used as fixed axes of the linkage, called the central axis congruence. In this paper, we locate a central axis congruence in space by identifying six arbitrary lines that it is to contain; we do not specify the positions of a rigid body or the associated relative displacement screws. We find that this yields at least one and as many as five different central axis congruences through a given set of six lines. Having defined the congruence without i

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Czelakowski, J. "Relative principal congruences in congruence-modular quasivarieties." Algebra Universalis 39, no. 3-4 (1998): 81–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000120050069.

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39

Kiss, Emil W. "Definable principal congruences in congruence distributive varieties." Algebra Universalis 21, no. 2-3 (1985): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01188057.

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40

Edwards, P. M. "On joins with group congruences." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 40, no. 1 (1997): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500023439.

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Let be an arbitrary semigroup. A congruence γ on is a group congruence if /γ is a group. The set of group congruences on is non-empty since × is a group congruence. The lattice of congruences on a semigroup will be denoted by () and the set of group congruences on will be denoted by (). If () is a lattice then it is modular and γ ∨ ρ = γ ο ρ = ρ ο γ for all γ, ρ ε (). The main result is that γ ν ρ = γ ο ρ ο γ for any γ ε () and ρ ε () (whence every element of the set () is dually right modular in (). This result has appeared, for particular classes of semigroups, many times in the literature.

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41

Chajda, Ivan. "Algebras whose principal congruences form a sublattice of the congruence lattice." Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 38, no. 4 (1988): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/cmj.1988.102254.

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42

Petrich, Mario, and Stuart A. Rankin. "Harmonic inverse semigroups." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 31, no. 3 (1989): 335–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089500007904.

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An inverse semigroup S shall be said to be harmonic if every congruence on S is determined by any one of its classes. In other words, if λ and ρ are congruences on S having a congruence class in common, then λ = ρ. The class of all harmonic semigroups contains all bisimple inverse semigroups, as proved by Žitomirskiĭ [11] and also by Schein [10], and all congruence-free inverse semigroups. Moreover, is contained in the class of all 0-simple or simple inverse semigroups, as is easy to see. We shall show that there exist non-bisimple, non-congruence-free harmonic semigroups and that there are si

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43

Hopkinson, Laura, Dianne Watt, and John Roodenburg. "Australian Validation of the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC)." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 31, no. 2 (2014): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2014.3.

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The Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC) is a developmentally appropriate parent-report measure of the Five Factor Model (FFM) that has been validated in several European languages but only recently in English. The English translation of the HiPIC was evaluated in an Australian context. Parent-rated HiPIC scores were obtained for 202 children (aged 5–14 years) via an online survey. Exploratory factor analysis indicated five factors that appeared reasonably congruent with the original Flemish HiPIC structure, though with some apparent differences particularly in regard to the

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CZÉDLI, GÁBOR, and EMIL W. KISS. "VARIETIES WHOSE TOLERANCES ARE HOMOMORPHIC IMAGES OF THEIR CONGRUENCES." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 87, no. 2 (2012): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972712000603.

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AbstractThe homomorphic image of a congruence is always a tolerance (relation) but, within a given variety, a tolerance is not necessarily obtained this way. By a Maltsev-like condition, we characterise varieties whose tolerances are homomorphic images of their congruences (TImC). As corollaries, we prove that the variety of semilattices, all varieties of lattices, and all varieties of unary algebras have TImC. We show that a congruence n-permutable variety has TImC if and only if it is congruence permutable, and construct an idempotent variety with a majority term that fails TImC.

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45

Holland, Jonathan, and George Sparling. "Null electromagnetic fields and relative Cauchy–Riemann embeddings." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 469, no. 2152 (2013): 20120583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2012.0583.

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This paper applies the notion of relative Cauchy–Riemann (CR) embeddings to study two related questions. First, it answers negatively the question posed by Penrose whether every shear-free null rotating congruence is analytic. Second, it proves that, given any shear-free null rotating congruence in Minkowski space, there exists a null electromagnetic field that is null with respect to the given congruence. In the course of answering these questions, we introduce some new techniques for studying null electromagnetic fields and shear-free congruences, in general, based on the notion of a relativ

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Liang, Xiquan, Li Yan, and Junjie Zhao. "Linear Congruence Relation and Complete Residue Systems." Formalized Mathematics 15, no. 4 (2007): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10037-007-0022-7.

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Linear Congruence Relation and Complete Residue Systems In this paper, we defined the congruence relation and proved its fundamental properties on the base of some useful theorems. Then we proved the existence of solution and the number of incongruent solution to a linear congruence and the linear congruent equation class, in particular, we proved the Chinese Remainder Theorem. Finally, we defined the complete residue system and proved its fundamental properties.

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Viano, Samantha L., and Seth B. Hunter. "Teacher-principal race and teacher satisfaction over time, region." Journal of Educational Administration 55, no. 6 (2017): 624–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-10-2016-0122.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to replicate prior findings on teacher-principal race congruence and teacher job satisfaction and extend the literature by investigating trends over time and if the relationship between race congruence and teacher job satisfaction differs by principal race and region. Design/methodology/approach The study sample comes from four waves of cross-sectional data, the nationally representative Schools and Staffing Survey, administered between 2000 and 2012. The analysis is conducted using ordinary least squares and school-year fixed effects with a comprehensive s

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Pletser, Vladimir. "Global Generalized Mersenne Numbers: Definition, Decomposition, and Generalized Theorems." Symmetry 16, no. 5 (2024): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16050551.

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A new generalized definition of Mersenne numbers is proposed of the form an−a−1n, called global generalized Mersenne numbers and noted GMa,n with base a and exponent n positive integers. The properties are investigated for prime n and several theorems on Mersenne numbers regarding their congruence properties are generalized and demonstrated. It is found that for any a, GMa,n−1 is even and divisible by n, a and a−1 for any prime n>2, and by aa−1+1 for any prime n>5. The remaining factor is a function of triangular numbers of a−1, specific for each prime n. Four theorems on Mersenne number

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Garvan, F. G. "More cranks and t-cores." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 63, no. 3 (2001): 379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700019481.

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Dedicated to George Szekeres on the occasion of his 90th BirthdayIn 1990, new statistics on partitions (called cransk) were found which combinatorially prove Ramanujan's congruences for the partition function modulo 5, 7, 11 and 25. The methods are extended to find cranks for Ramanujan's partition congruence modulo 49. A more explicit form of the crank is given for the modulo 25 congruence.

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Caprara, Gian Vittorio, Claudio Spizzichino, and Clelia Romeo. "Trait congruence in the study of the cognitive consequences of emotional arousal." European Journal of Personality 3, no. 4 (1989): 285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410030405.

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This study investigated the possible influence of mood and emotional vulnerability on recall. Mood was induced by projecting highly emotionally laden slides. In the first experiment, 64 female subjects, rated low or high on emotional vulnerability, were tested on recall of mood‐congruent, mood‐incongruent and neutral words, under mood induction and non‐mood induction conditions. Emotionally low‐vulnerable subjects recalled more mood‐congruent than mood‐incongruent words in the mood induction condition, whereas the opposite was the case in the non‐mood induction condition. Highly vulnerable sub

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