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1

Zomar, Bryn O., Dianne Bryant, Susan Hunter, James L. Howard, and Brent A. Lanting. "The effect of conjoint tendon release on gait after direct anterior total hip arthroplasty." HIP International 29, no. 6 (2018): 578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120700018813547.

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Introduction: There has been considerable interest in the direct anterior (DA) approach to total hip arthroplasty (THA) recently. To facilitate exposure of the proximal femur it is sometimes necessary to release the conjoint tendon. Aim: To prospectively investigate whether release of the conjoint tendon has an impact on gait in the early postoperative period. Methods: We measured gait velocity, stride length, single-limb support and single-limb support symmetry preoperatively, at discharge from the hospital, and 2, 6 and 12 weeks and postoperatively. Participants also completed the Timed Up a
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2

Azizi, Sebastien, Lukas Urbanschitz, Susanne Bensler, Christopher G. Lenz, Paul Borbas, and Karim Eid. "Structural and Functional Results of Subscapularis and Conjoint Tendon After Latarjet Procedure at 8-Year Average Follow-up." American Journal of Sports Medicine 50, no. 2 (2021): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465211061599.

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Background: The Latarjet procedure involves initial dissection through a longitudinal split of the subscapularis tendon with only a final partial closure to accommodate the transferred coracoid bone. Furthermore, by transferring the coracoid bone block to the anterior glenoid, the surgeon completely alters the resting and dynamic route of the attached conjoint tendon. The eventual structural and functional integrity of the subscapularis and conjoint tendons is currently unknown. Purpose: To examine the structural and functional integrity of the subscapularis and the conjoint tendon after the L
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3

Bull, Patrick E., Antonio M. Malloy McCoy, Mitchell Thompson, Maria R. McGann, and Gregory C. Berlet. "The Medial Gastrocnemius Release: A Safe and Effective Alternative for Treatment of Isolated Gastrocnemius Contracture." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 1 (2022): 2473011421S0012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00123.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Gastrocnemius recession is a popular procedure utilized to treat a myriad of lower extremitychronic conditions related to isolated gastrocnemius contracture (IGC). Recent anatomical research detailing the variable relationship between the distal gastrocnemius and soleus tendons has raised important questions regarding the safety of some traditional recession procedures. Alternative gastrocnemius recession strategies may offer comparable clinical results while avoiding the surgical risk related to conjoint tendon anatomical variability. M
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4

van der Made, Anne D., Frank F. Smithuis, Constantinus F. Buckens, et al. "Good Interrater Reliability for Standardized MRI Assessment of Tendon Discontinuity and Tendon Retraction in Acute Proximal Full-Thickness Hamstring Tendon Injury." American Journal of Sports Medicine 49, no. 9 (2021): 2475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465211021612.

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Background: Proximal full-thickness free hamstring tendon injury (ie, tendon avulsion or rupture) is a severe injury. Treatment decision making relies on clinical factors and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) variables; it specifically relies on which tendons are injured as well as the extent of tendon retraction. According to a worldwide evaluation of current practice, discontinuity of both proximal tendons and retraction of >2 cm are used as surgical indications. However, both the diagnosis and the use of MRI variables in decision making may be fraught with uncertainty in clinical practice
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5

Freislederer, Florian, Susanne Bensler, Thomas Specht, Olaf Magerkurth, and Karim Eid. "Plate Fixation for Irreducible Proximal Humeral Fractures in Children and Adolescents—A Single-Center Case Series of Six Patients." Children 8, no. 8 (2021): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8080635.

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Background: Recommended treatment for severely displaced proximal humeral fractures in children is the closed reduction and percutaneous fixation by K-wires or intramedullary nailing. Methods: From January 2016 to January 2017 6, 21 children/adolescents (range 8 to 16 years) with proximal humeral fractures were treated surgically for severe displacement. In these six patients, several attempts of closed reduction were unsuccessful, and an open reduction was performed. The humeral head was fixed with a 3.5 mm T-plate without affecting the growth plate. Plate removal was performed at a mean inte
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6

Griffith, Rebecca, James Tibone, Michelle McGarry, Gregory Adamson, and Thay Lee. "Poster 166: Biomechanical Evaluation of Open Bankart and Soft Tissue Bristow Procedures with 10% Glenoid Bone Loss." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 7_suppl5 (2022): 2325967121S0072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00727.

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Objectives: Chronic anterior shoulder instability can be debilitating for a wide number of individuals from the general populations, high level and recreational athletes, laborers and the members of the military. Glenoid bone loss presents a more difficult problem to treat as it negates the positive results that can be achieved with arthroscopic labral repair alone. The optimal procedure for subcritical bone loss of 10% or less is undetermined. In young competitive contact athletes, there is still a high failure rate with arthroscopic procedures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to bio
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7

Bokshan, Steven L., Joseph A. Gil, Steven F. DeFroda, Rohit Badida, Joseph J. Crisco, and Brett D. Owens. "Biomechanical Comparison of the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon Versus Conjoint Tendon Transfer in a Bone Loss Shoulder Instability Model." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 11 (2019): 232596711988354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119883549.

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Background: Augmentation of Bankart repair with long head of the biceps tendon transfer has been previously described, although there is a paucity of literature describing its biomechanical effects. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of augmenting Bankart repair with either the conjoint tendon or the long head of the biceps tendon, both with and without subcritical (13%) glenoid bone loss. We hypothesized that, in a cadaveric model, augmenting Bankart repair with the long head of the biceps tendon would restore a greater degree of stability compared with aug
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8

Kumar, Raj. "A Busoga Hernia: A Rare Case Report in India." Journal of Surgery 12, no. 3 (2024): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20241203.11.

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Inguinal hernia stands as a prevalent surgical concern, often addressed either through elective procedures or as emergencies by surgeons. The indirect hernia has high propensity to bowel obstruction due to narrow constrictive ring. Direct hernia is comparatively safe from complications owing to the larger defect. Busoga hernia (BH), alternatively referred to as Gill-Ogilvie hernia, represents a seldom-seen variation of direct inguinal hernia affecting the conjoint tendon. This hernia type arises due to a weakness in the conjoint tendon and tends to manifest more frequently among young athletes
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9

Read, Tavis, and Errol Maguire. "Bugosa hernia: a hernia of the conjoint tendon." ANZ Journal of Surgery 83, no. 4 (2013): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ans.12088.

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10

Claxton, Robert Charles. "Re: Bugosa hernia: a hernia of the conjoint tendon." ANZ Journal of Surgery 83, no. 10 (2013): 796–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ans.12338.

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11

LaPrade, Christopher M., Andrew S. Bernhardson, Zachary S. Aman, et al. "Changes in the Neurovascular Anatomy of the Shoulder After an Open Latarjet Procedure: Defining a Surgical Safe Zone." American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 9 (2018): 2185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518773309.

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Background: Although previous literature has described the relevant anatomy for an open anterior Bankart approach of the shoulder, there is little known regarding the anatomic relationship changes in the neurovascular structures after an open Latarjet procedure. Purpose: To define the neurovascular anatomy of the native shoulder in relation to the coracoid and to define the anatomy after the Latarjet procedure in relation to the glenoid to determine distances to these neurovascular structures with and without neurolysis of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) from the conjoint tendon. Study Design
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12

Konrad, Gerhard G., Norbert P. Sudkamp, Peter C. Kreuz, John T. Jolly, Patrick J. McMahon, and Richard E. Debski. "Pectoralis Major Tendon Transfers Above or Underneath the Conjoint Tendon in Subscapularis-Deficient Shoulders." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 89, no. 11 (2007): 2477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.f.00811.

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13

Konrad, Gerhard G., Norbert P. Sudkamp, Peter C. Kreuz, John T. Jolly, Patrick J. McMahon, and Richard E. Debski. "Pectoralis Major Tendon Transfers Above or Underneath the Conjoint Tendon in Subscapularis-Deficient Shoulders." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 89, no. 11 (2007): 2477–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200711000-00020.

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14

Gray, Andrew T. "The Conjoint Tendon of the Latissimus Dorsi and Teres Major." Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 34, no. 2 (2009): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aap.0b013e31819a2753.

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15

Bhandari, Yub Raj, Diyaa Abdul Rauf Algazwi, Junwei Zhang, and James Thomas Patrick Decourcy Hallinan. "Biceps Femoris and Semitendinosus Conjoint Tendon Avulsion in a Dancer." American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 99, no. 1 (2020): e11-e12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/phm.0000000000001201.

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16

Nair, Ayyappan V., Pramod Kumar Mohan, Ajit Jangale, Pavan Krishna, and Naresh Goud. "Arthroscopic Salvage Procedure for Iatrogenic Conjoint Tendon Avulsion Fracture Following Arthroscopic Latarjet Procedure Using Double Sling Fixation Technique – A Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 13, no. 9 (2023): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2023.v13.i09.3884.

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Introduction: We present a case report of an iatrogenic conjoint tendon avulsion fracture following arthroscopic Latarjet and salvage technique to address the complication with a novel double sling technique. Case Report: A 16-year-old male patient who presented with recurrent instability of the right shoulder was counseled for an arthroscopic Latarjet procedure, taking account of critical glenoid bone loss and his contact sporting activities. An intraoperative coracoid tip fracture occurred, which was managed with the double sling technique. At 1-year follow-up, the patient has made a good re
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17

Maguire, Errol J. "Response to Re: Bugosa hernia: a hernia of the conjoint tendon." ANZ Journal of Surgery 84, no. 3 (2014): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ans.12487.

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18

Tennent, Duncan, Henry B. Colaço, Magnus Arnander, and Eyiyemi Pearse. "Arthroscopic Conjoint Tendon Transfer: A Technique for Revision Anterior Shoulder Stabilization." Arthroscopy Techniques 5, no. 1 (2016): e201-e205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2015.11.002.

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19

Verma, Nikhil N., Mark Drakos, and Stephen J. O’Brien. "Arthroscopic Transfer of the Long Head Biceps to the Conjoint Tendon." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 21, no. 6 (2005): 764.e1–764.e5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2005.03.032.

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20

Senthil, Vishnu. "Open Non-conjoint Bicondylar Hoffa Fracture with Ipsilateral Tibial Spine Avulsion and Disruption of Patellar Tendon – A Rare Case." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 13, no. 1 (2023): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2023.v13.i01.3516.

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Introduction: Hoffa’s fracture is rare high velocity injuries. Bicondylar Hoffa is a rare fracture entity with only few reported cases. Case Report: We report a case of open Type 3b non-conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture accompanied with ipsilateral anterior tibial spine avulsion and disruption of the patellar tendon. Staged procedure was done, first procedure included wound debridement with external fixator. Second procedure involved definitive fixation of Hoffa fracture, anterior tibial spine, and patellar tendon avulsion. In our case, we have discussed the possible mechanism of injury, oper
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21

Pastor, M. F., M. Ferle, J. Hagenah, A. Ellwein, M. Wellmann, and T. Smith. "The stabilization effect of the conjoint tendon in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty." Clinical Biomechanics 63 (March 2019): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.03.009.

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22

Elson, D. W., S. Whiten, S. J. Hillman, R. J. Johnson, S. S. Lo, and J. E. Robb. "The conjoint junction of the triceps surae: Implications for gastrocnemius tendon lengthening." Clinical Anatomy 20, no. 8 (2007): 924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.20544.

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23

Mitchell, Brendon C., JD Bomar, Dennis Wenger, and Andrew T. Pennock. "CLASSIFYING ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY AVULSION FRACTURES BY OSSIFICATION STAGE AND TENDON ATTACHMENT." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 7_suppl3 (2021): 2325967121S0007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00077.

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Background: Currently, there is no classification system for ischial tuberosity avulsion fractures. Hypothesis/Purpose: To provide a new classification system for ischial tuberosity fractures based on the ossification pattern of the apophysis. Methods: We performed a retrospective records review of patients diagnosed with ischial tuberosity avulsion fractures at our institution from 2008 to 2018. Skeletal maturity (Modified Oxford score [MOS], Risser score), fracture type, size, and displacement were recorded based on initial injury radiographs. We reviewed a large series of pelvic CT and MRI
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24

Valenti, Philippe, Marco Cartaya, and Jean-David Werthel. "Chronic anterior instability with hyperlaxity treated by arthroscopy using the Trillat technique with endobutton fixation: results for 14 cases." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 2_suppl (2020): 2325967120S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00006.

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Background: Recurrent anterior instability associated with hyperlaxity remains a difficult challenge. In 1954, Trillat proposed osteoclasis of the coracoid process in order to make it more distal and more medial to place the conjoint tendon just in front of the humeral head. The conjoint tendon lowers and reinforce the stabilizing action of the subscapularis muscle in abduction. This open surgery technique has provided satisfactory results in patients with chronic anterior glenohumoral instability associated with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. We hypothesized that this procedure could
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25

Taylor, Samuel A., Peter D. Fabricant, Nikolas J. Baret, et al. "Midterm Clinical Outcomes for Arthroscopic Subdeltoid Transfer of the Long Head of the Biceps Tendon to the Conjoint Tendon." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 30, no. 12 (2014): 1574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2014.07.028.

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26

Tashjian, Robert Z., Jeffrey J. Frandsen, Garrett V. Christensen, and Peter N. Chalmers. "Conjoint tendon release for persistent anterior shoulder pain following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty." JSES International 4, no. 4 (2020): 975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseint.2020.07.005.

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27

Altintas, Burak, Frank Martetschläger, Erik M. Fritz, et al. "Conjoint Tendon Tenotomy for Glenoid Exposure in the Setting of Previous Coracoid Transfer." Arthroscopy Techniques 8, no. 11 (2019): e1411-e1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2019.07.021.

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28

Lauf, Kenny, Anne D. van der Made, Richard Jaspers, Rik Tacken, Mario Maas, and Gino Kerkhoffs. "Successful rapid return to performance following non-operative treatment of proximal hamstring tendon avulsion in elite athletes." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 11, no. 2 (2025): e002468. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002468.

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ObjectivesProximal hamstring tendon avulsion injuries are severe and potentially career-threatening for elite athletes. Until now, no data have been published on the non-operative treatment of this injury in elite athletes. Therefore, the objective of this case series was to describe return to performance in elite athletes after non-operative treatment of full-thickness proximal hamstring tendon avulsion injuries as well as provide detailed description of the rehabilitation process and provide a mechanobiological hypothesis on processes leading to successful outcomes.MethodsIn this retrospecti
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29

Le Hanneur, Malo, Victor Housset, Vincent Martinel, and Geoffroy Nourissat. "Open Latissimus Dorsi Transfer for Irreparable Subscapularis Tendon Tear." Video Journal of Sports Medicine 2, no. 1 (2022): 263502542110551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26350254211055187.

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Background: In cases of irreparable subscapularis (SSC) tendon tear in young and active patients, tendon transfers stand as the only surgical option. With a posterior-inferior-medial line of action and a synergistic action with the SSC muscle, the latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle appears to be the most adequate option. Indications: Indications include symptomatic and irreparable Lafosse type-IV or type-V SSC lesions in young and active patients with preserved glenohumeral joint. Technique Description: With the patient in the supine position under general anesthesia, a deltopectoral approach is use
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30

Bicknell, Ryan, Michael Furlan, Alexander Bertelsen, and Frederick Matsen. "Factors Affecting Stability of the Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study." Open Orthopaedics Journal 14, no. 1 (2020): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325002014010154.

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Background: The overall objective of this study was to investigate whether a reverse shoulder arthroplasty could provide adequate stability to a shoulder even with extreme soft tissue loss. The specific objectives of this study were: to determine if just the deltoid, conjoined tendon, and triceps are sufficient soft tissues to allow a Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA) to provide shoulder stability and to determine the influence of load direction, rotation, shoulder position, and polyethylene thickness on RSA stability in this soft-tissue deficient model. Methods: This study utilized six cada
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31

Yao, Reina, James L. Howard, and Brent A. Lanting. "Conjoint Tendon Release in Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: No Impact on Patient Outcomes." Orthopedics 40, no. 6 (2017): e971-e974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01477447-20170918-05.

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32

Selim, Naser M. "Conjoint tendon transfer: Tenodesis for coracoclavicular ligaments reconstruction in acute high grade acromioclavicular dislocation." International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences 4, no. 2f (2018): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/ortho.2018.v4.i2f.55.

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33

Julfiqar, Najmul Huda, and Ajay Pant. "Paediatric conjoint bicondylar Hoffa fracture with patellar tendon injury: An unusual pattern of injury." Chinese Journal of Traumatology 22, no. 4 (2019): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.08.008.

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34

Pastor, M. F., M. Kraemer, C. Hurschler, L. Claassen, M. Wellmann, and T. Smith. "Transfer of the long head of biceps to the conjoint tendon. A biomechanical study." Clinical Biomechanics 32 (February 2016): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.01.004.

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35

Drakos, Mark, Nihil Verma, Lawrence Gulotta, et al. "Arthroscopic Subdeltoid Transfer of the Biceps Tendon to the Conjoint Tendon: A New Technique with Clinical Results and Functional Outcome (SS-14)." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 22, no. 6 (2006): e7-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2006.04.016.

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36

Bou Antoun, Myriame, Maxime Ronot, Amandine Crombe, Marie-Hélène Moreau-Durieux, Gilles Reboul, and Lionel Pesquer. "High insertion of conjoint tendon is associated with inguinal-related groin pain: a MRI study." European Radiology 30, no. 3 (2019): 1517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06466-4.

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37

Ribeiro, Fabiano Rebouças, Gabriel Assumpção Sanchez Monteiro, Camila Maribondo Medeiros Ramos, Antonio Carlos Tenor Junior, and Miguel Pereira Costa. "Pectoralis Major Transfer: Technique Variations." International Journal of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation 4, no. 1 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12974/2313-0954.2017.04.01.1.

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Subscapularis tears are commonly seen in orthopedic practice and, of all lesions of the rotator cuff these can cause the worst functional deficit of the shoulder. These tears can become surgically irreparable, especially in chronic traumatic cases. The most commonly used surgical procedure to restore horizontal stability is the pectoralis major transfer. Surgical variations for this procedure in the literature include total or partial muscle transfer, transfer above or underneath the conjoint tendon, and the muscle portion to be transferred (clavicular or sternal). The objective of this study
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38

Heilmann, Lukas F., Julia Sussiek, Michael J. Raschke, et al. "Biomechanical Analysis of Coracoid Stability After Coracoplasty: How Low Can You Go?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 10, no. 2 (2022): 232596712210779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671221077947.

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Background: Arthroscopic coracoplasty is a procedure for patients affected by subcoracoid impingement. To date, there is no consensus on how much of the coracoid can be resected with an arthroscopic burr without compromising its stability. Purpose: To determine the maximum amount of the coracoid that can be resected during arthroscopic coracoplasty without leading to coracoid fracture or avulsion of the conjoint tendon during simulated activities of daily living (ADLs). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A biomechanical cadaveric study was performed with 24 shoulders (15 male,
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39

Nourissat, G., A. Hooke, L. Berglund, A. Thoreson, KN An, and JD Werthel. "Effect of the location of the split of the subscapularis on range of motion and stability of the glenohumeral joint following Latarjet or Trillat procedures." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 5_suppl3 (2019): 2325967119S0020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00202.

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Aim: Compare the effect of Latarjet and Trillat procedures on glenohumeral stability and range of motion. Background: Little is known about the impact of the location of the sling effect on joint stability and range of motion. Methods: 12 cadaveric shoulders were cleaned of soft tissue except for the subscapularis, conjoined tendon, and anterior capsule. A custom-made apparatus generating anterior humeral translation and joint compression was used. The machine applied compression load in the medial direction. The subscapularis and conjoint tendon were loaded. Internal/external range of motion
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40

Qawasmi, Feras, Logan M. Andryk, Seth Roge, Mei Wang, Steven i. Grindel, and Mustafa Yassin. "Conjoint Tendon Release Improves Internal Rotation To The Back In Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Cadaveric Study." JSES International 8, no. 6 (2024): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseint.2024.08.013.

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41

Khan, Yousaf, Mathias Thomas Nagy, Joby Malal, and Mohammad Waseem. "The Painful Shoulder: Shoulder Impingement Syndrome." Open Orthopaedics Journal 7, no. 1 (2013): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001307010347.

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Rotator cuff disorders are considered to be among the most common causes of shoulder pain and disability encountered in both primary and secondary care. The general pathology of subacromial impingment generally relates to a chronic repetitive process in which the conjoint tendon of the rotator cuff undergoes repetitive compression and micro trauma as it passes under the coracoacromial arch. However acute traumatic injuries may also lead to this condition. Diagnosis remains a clinical one, however advances in imaging modalities have enabled clinicians to have an increased understanding of the p
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42

Selim, Naser M. "Open Anatomic Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction by Modified Conjoint Tendon Transfer for Treatment of Acute High-Grade Acromioclavicular Dislocation." Arthroscopy Techniques 7, no. 11 (2018): e1157-e1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eats.2018.07.013.

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43

Hanly, Richard J., Sabrina Sokolowski, and Andrew John Timperley. "The SPAIRE Technique Allows Sparing of the Piriformis and Obturator Internus in a Modified Posterior Approach to the Hip." HIP International 27, no. 2 (2017): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/hipint.5000490.

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Introduction The Sparing Piriformis and Internus, Repair Externus (SPAIRE) technique allows a muscle sparing mini-posterior approach to the hip. Method We present in this article a description of an adaptation of the familiar posterior approach (PA) in which the only tendon released is obturator externus. Termed SPAIRE, this muscle sparing technique enables preservation of the piriformis tendon and conjoint insertion of obturator internus and the gemelli. The technical description allows for safe and reliable replication by any surgeon familiar with the posterior approach (PA) to the hip witho
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44

Wilson, Thomas J., B. Matthew Howe, Robert J. Spinner, and Aaron J. Krych. "Imaging Characteristics Predict Operative Difficulty Mobilizing the Sciatic Nerve for Proximal Hamstring Repair." Neurosurgery 83, no. 5 (2017): 931–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx553.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Repair of proximal hamstring avulsions requires mobilization of the sciatic nerve away from the tendon stump, which can be achieved with varying difficulty depending on the degree of scar formation and adherence. Predicting when a scarred, adherent, difficult-to-mobilize nerve will be encountered has been difficult. OBJECTIVE To identify clinical and/or radiological factors predictive of a difficult intraoperative dissection of the sciatic nerve during proximal hamstring repair. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and preoperative magnetic resonance imag
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Madiwalar, Manjula, Prasannan Drushnu, Shindhe Pradeep S, Killedar Ramesh S, and Priyanka K. "Ayurveda management of Recurrent Ischiorectal Abscess with Horseshoe connection - A case report." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 13, no. 4 (2023): 1087–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v13i4.3012.

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Anorectal abscesses are one of the potentially debilitating diseases among them perianal abscess and ischiorectal abscess are common. Lateral spread of the ischiorectal abscess through the conjoint tendon leads to a horseshoe abscess. Surgical treatment is incision and drainage. Complications include sepsis, faecal incontinence, and fistula in ano. Kshara sutra is proved effective for fistula in ano, which helps in preventing recurrence. Here we report a case of ischiorectal abscess with horseshoe connection came with swelling and pain over the right perianal region. The condition was diagnose
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Patel, Vishal, Eyiyemi Pearse, Magnus Arnander, and Duncan Tennent. "Two-year results of arthroscopic conjoint tendon transfer procedure for the management of failed anterior stabilization of the shoulder." JSES International 5, no. 3 (2021): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseint.2020.12.009.

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Valenti, P., C. Moraiti, F. Reinares, and A. Gkantsos. "Nouvelle technique de Lartaget par arthroscopie sans voie d’abord médiale par rapport au tendon conjoint : étude anatomique de faisabilité." Revue de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique 100, no. 8 (2014): e34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcot.2014.09.363.

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Schache, Anthony G., George Koulouris, Warren Kofoed, Hayden G. Morris, and Marcus G. Pandy. "Rupture of the conjoint tendon at the proximal musculotendinous junction of the biceps femoris long head: a case report." Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy 16, no. 8 (2008): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-008-0517-y.

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Varela, Victor, Carlos Ruíz, Jaume Pomés, Isaac Pomés, Sara Montecinos, and Xavier Sala-Blanch. "Usefulness of high-resolution ultrasound for small nerve blocks: visualization of intercostobrachial and medial brachial cutaneous nerves in the axillary area." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 44, no. 10 (2019): 929–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2019-100689.

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IntroductionHigh-resolution ultrasound (HRU) allows one to identify small nerves, but in the clinical setting, intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) and medial brachial cutaneous nerve (MBCN) are not identified with conventional portable ultrasound (CPU) devices. The aim of this study is to identify both nerves and describe their relation with specific anatomical structures which could be easily identified with the ultrasound devices available in the clinical setting.Methods21 healthy patients were scanned using HRU bilaterally in the axillary area located over the conjoint tendon to find the ICBN a
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Singh, Gaurav, Garvita Singh, and Satish K. Aggarwal. "Spigelian hernia with bilateral undescended (impalpable) testis in a child: rare scenario." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, no. 3 (2021): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20210669.

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Spigelain hernia (SH) is rarely seen in children. Various mechanisms has been described for the co-existence with cryptorchidism. A 4 month old boy, a known case of bilateral impalpable testes and intermittent right lower abdominal swelling was brought to paediatric emergency with complaints of excessive cry, poor feeding and irreducible right lower abdominal swelling - the swelling was a little higher than the usual inguinal hernia. On exploration, SH was seen coming off the deep ring then turning around the conjoint tendon and dissecting between internal oblique and external oblique aponeuro
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