Academic literature on the topic 'Conjugal visit'

Conjugal rights issue in prisons is indeed an old debate. This article reviewed the literature on the genesis of prisoners’ conjugal visits programme, its global prevalence and the scholarly debate for and against its provision to understand if it can be a rehabilitation option in African countries’ prisons. It has been noted that conjugal visits programme was haphazardly started in the 1900s in Mississippi before becoming an official programme in 1989. Though they were discontinued later in 2014 in Mississippi, conjugal visits are still provided in many penitentiary facilities in America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Studies have revealed that conjugal visits are capable of reducing the problems of homosexuality, sexual assaults and physical violence in prisons. It has also been observed that, apart from the fact that denial of conjugal rights to the prisoners’ spouse could be a form of punishment to innocent victims, conjugal visits can be incentives for good prisoners’ behaviour and rehabilitation in prisons. However, apart from the fact the programme is likely to be expensive and costly to African countries whom their general strife is prisoners’ overcrowding, most of the arguments against conjugal visits are moral-based such as that the programme is likely to perpetrate one-parent family system and is prone to abuse by both prisoners and prison staff. It has, therefore, been concluded that it cannot hurt anybody if legally married prisoners and their spouses are provided with a right to enjoy conjugal visits especially in those jurisdictions which have embraced rehabilitation philosophy.

Cette étude examine la présence de débordement, de transfert interpersonnel et de différences de genre dans la perception de la qualité des relations coparentales (PQRC) de parents d’un jeune enfant. Les données sont issues d’un projet mené auprès de 54 couples dont le premier enfant avait 19 mois. À la maison et lors d’une visite en laboratoire, chacun des conjoints a rempli des questionnaires autorapportés incluant des mesures sociodémographiques, du niveau de difficulté de l’enfant, de leur bien-être subjectif, de leur stress perçu, de leurs conflits et satisfaction conjugale et de leur PQRC. Le bien-être subjectif et la satisfaction conjugale des pères, de même que le stress perçu et le conflit conjugal rapporté par les mères corrèlent significativement avec leur PQRC, appuyant l’hypothèse de débordement. De plus, le stress perçu et la satisfaction conjugale des pères corrèlent significativement avec la PQRC des mères, appuyant l’hypothèse de transfert interpersonnel. Les résultats n’appuient pas cette hypothèse pour les pères et ne révèlent aucune différence de genre significative. Cette étude soutient la nécessité de prendre en compte les perspectives et expériences distinctes des pères et des mères afin de comprendre leur relation coparentale ou intervenir auprès du couple coparental.

In 1997, an “attempted rebellion” erupted in the Professor Barreto Campelo Penitentiary on Itamaracá Island, Pernambuco. A journalist reported that the suspension of conjugal visits sparked a brawl in which three inmates were stabbed before guards restored order. The warden clarified that conjugal visits had been suspended after fights broke out between rival cellblocks when someone pilfered objects visitors had brought to prisoners. A woman who desired anonymity informed, “The convicts notified us in the afternoon by way of notes that they would fight again that night. I think that the lack of contact with their female companions leaves all of the men agitated.” The warden brokered a truce with the inmates' leaders in part by promising that conjugal visits would resume the next week. The reporter concluded, almost as an afterthought, that inmates renewed protests about the overcrowding of eleven hundred inmates into a jail designed for four hundred.

84 Background: EP-CTs are increasingly important options for patients with cancer and often involve intensive monitoring. Thus, characterizing the time burden and logistical intensity of EP-CTs could help patients and clinicians make informed decisions regarding trial participation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic health records of consecutive patients enrolled in EP-CTs at Massachusetts General Hospital from 2017-2019 to obtain baseline characteristics (demographics and clinical factors), EP-CT investigational agent (immunomodulatory therapy [IM], targeted inhibitor(s) [TI], antibody drug conjugate [ADC]/chemotherapy prodrug), and logistical intensity (trial visit frequency, presence of extended visits, distance traveled in one direction from home zip code to trial site). We defined visit frequency as the number of visits per protocol within the first 28 days on trial. We defined an extended visit as six or more hours in clinic on at least one day during the first 28 days on study. We investigated associations among patient characteristics, investigational agent, and logistical intensity. Results: Among 421 patients (median age=60.6 years, 55.8% female, 97.4% metastatic disease), most (73.6%) had two or more sites of metastatic disease. EP-CTs included 43.2% IM, 43.0% TI, and 13.8% ADC/chemotherapy prodrug. Patients enrolled in ADC/prodrug trials had the highest burden of metastatic disease (mean sites: 2.8 [ADC] vs 2.4 [TI] vs 2.3 [IM], p = 0.007) and oldest age (mean years: 64.0 [ADC] vs 61.7 [IM] vs 58.5 [TI], p = 0.003). Patients enrolled on TI trials had the highest visit frequency compared with those enrolled on other trials (mean visits: 5.5 [TI] vs 5.3 [ADC] vs 5.0 [IM], p = 0.027) and the fewest days spent on trial (mean days: 78.3 [TI] vs 102.2 [IM] vs 131.8 [ADC], p = 0.003). Patients enrolled on TI trials were also most likely to have an extended visit (82.3% [TI] vs 58.2% [IM] vs 29.3% [ADC], p < 0.001) and least likely to receive first in human therapy (38.1% [TI] vs 74.1% [ADC] vs 74.2% [IM], p < 0.001). Distance traveled from home to clinic did not significantly differ across trial type (median miles traveled: 35.1 [TI] vs 34.1 [IM] vs 33.2 [ADC], p = 0.884). Conclusions: In this cohort of patients participating in EP-CTs, we found that a plurality enrolled in IM studies. Those receiving ADC/prodrug regimens were older and had a higher burden of disease. On average, patients participating in EP-CTs had over five visits in the first month, with those enrolled on TI trials having the highest visit frequency and greatest likelihood of extended visits. Patients on TI trials also spent the fewest total days on trial. Despite the lack of significant differences in distance traveled, most patients were still traveling over 30 miles to get to the trial site. These data highlight the time burden and logistical intensity of various EP-CTs, which may help inform patient-clinician discussions about trial participation.

BACKGROUND: In Saskatchewan, pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) was offered to high-risk children in 2002 and to all infants in 2005.OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in the frequency of medical visits for lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) and otitis media (OM) in relation to PCV use during the period 1990 to 2008.METHODS: Statistics regarding the number of children covered by the health insurance plan, PCV administration, and medical visits with a diagnostic code associated with LRI and OM were provided by Saskatchewan Health. Monthly rates were analyzed using dynamic state space models.RESULTS: In all series, there was a marked seasonal cycle and some higher-than-expected winter peak values, possibly associated with epidemics of specific respiratory viruses. Three abrupt decreases in baseline rate were observed for LRI and the final one, in February 2007, could be related to the increased proportion of children vaccinated with PCV. There was no statistical correlation between PCV use and OM visit frequency.CONCLUSION: Many environmental, biological and administrative factors may influence health services use, and an effect of low magnitude of a particular vaccine pertaining to nonspecific outcomes could be obscured in time-series analyses.

Abstract Background Community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) is considered a bacterial disease, mainly pneumococcal. CAAP rates markedly declined following 7- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introductions worldwide. In contrast, non-CAAP lower respiratory tract infections (NA-LRIs) are generally not considered pneumococcal diseases. We assessed CAAP, NA-LRIs, and overall visits with chest radiograph (CXR) examination rates in the pediatric emergency room in southern Israel before and after PCV implementation. Methods This was an ongoing, prospective observational study. Our hospital serves a captive population of approximately 75 000 children aged <5 years, enabling incidence calculation. PCV7 and PCV13 were implemented in Israel in July 2009 and November 2010, respectively. All CXRs were analyzed according to the World Health Organization Standardization of Interpretation. We calculated CAAP, NA-LRI, and CXR examinations annual incidences from 2004 to 2017 and incidence rate ratios comparing the PCV13 (2014–2017) with the pre-PCV (2004–2008) periods. Results Overall, 72 746 CXR examinations were recorded: 14% CAAP and 86% NA-LRI. CAAP, NA-LRI, and CXR examination visit rates declined by 49%, 34%, and 37%, respectively. This pattern was seen in Jewish and Bedouin children (the 2 ethnically distinct populations), with steeper declines observed among Jewish children and children aged >12 months. Conclusions PCV7/PCV13 implementation resulted in a marked decline in CAAP and overall visits with CXR examination rates in young children. Overall, approximately 14 750 hospital visits with CXR were prevented annually per 100 000 population aged <5 years. These findings suggest that although NA-LRIs are usually not considered pneumococcal, many can be prevented by PCVs. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7/PCV13) implementation resulted in significant declines in community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) and overall chest radiography examination rates in young children. Although non-CAAP lower respiratory tract infections are usually not considered pneumococcal, many can be prevented by PCVs.

Background. The study aimed to examine sex differences in healthcare use before and after widowhood to investigate whether reduced healthcare use among widowers compared with widows may partially explain excess mortality and more adverse health outcomes among men than women after spousal loss.Methods. All individuals alive and aged at least 60 years in 1996 and who became widowed in the period from 1996 to 2003 were selected from the 5% sample of the total Danish population and all Danish twins. The healthcare use was assessed as the average daily all-cause and major system-specific medication use and the average annual number of visits to general physicians (GPs).Results. The average daily use of all-cause and major system-specific medications, as well as the number of GP visits increased over the period from 1 year before and up to 5 years after a spouse's death, but there were no sex-specific patterns in the trajectories of medication use and number of GP visits after conjugal loss.Conclusion. We found little support for the hypothesis that reduced healthcare use contributes to the explanation of more adverse health outcomes after conjugal loss in men compared with women in Denmark.

Background: The recommendation for the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in adults 65 years and older is recent, and the dosing schedule of PCV13 and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) can be complex in this population. Objective: The authors assessed the rate of PCV13 immunization in patients 65 years of age and older and identified barriers that contributed to missed opportunities for PCV13. Methods: This retrospective review evaluated outpatient Veterans age 65 years or older who did not receive PCV13 at a scheduled primary care appointment despite an electronic reminder. Investigators recorded any documented reason for the patient not receiving PCV13. Results: The rate of PCV13 immunizations administered during the primary care visit study period was 37% (89 of 239 PCV13 eligible patients). Of the 150 patients identified who did not receive PCV13, 92% were not offered the vaccine, 6.7% declined vaccination, and 0.7% reported an allergy to vaccination. Electronic immunization records revealed that 48 of the 150 patients who did not receive PCV13 at their clinic appointment did receive PCV13 later the same year. Most patients received PCV13 in influenza vaccine season on the same day as receiving the influenza vaccine. Conclusion: The main barrier identified was not offering the vaccination during primary care visits. Pneumococcal vaccine administration was delayed until the influenza vaccine season in a significant portion of patients. This unexpected finding represents a target for education: ensuring health care professionals are reminded that PCV13 is not a seasonal vaccine like the influenza vaccine, but should be offered throughout the year.

The impact of incarceration on the family was studied in 63 inmates and 39 wives, half of whom received conjugal visits through the Family Reunion Program (FRP). Interview data and standardized measures assessed family functioning. Families in both groups were cohesive but not adaptable, and FRP inmates reported feeling closer to their families than non-FRP inmates.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-12T18:56:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Juraci Brito da Silva.pdf: 2607265 bytes, checksum: 0b91359564acfe8f799a482ea8c184e2 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T18:56:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Juraci Brito da Silva.pdf: 2607265 bytes, checksum: 0b91359564acfe8f799a482ea8c184e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-08<br>This study aims to know how male adolescents deprived of freedom perceive the possibility of the conjugal visit in the DEGASE-RJ (General Department of Social Educational Actions in Rio de Janeiro - Brazil). The law 12.594 ? SINASE ? from 2012, establishes, for married adolescents, the privilege of a conjugal visit. This law is founded on the guarantee of family and couple bonds maintenance. The hypothesis is that this right will promote a discussion about adolescents? sexuality and body. However, the assurances of the Children and Adolescent Statute (ECA), constructed on the full protection principle, are not totally exercised. This open the topic to discussions and practices based on the irregular situation of the Youngsters Code. The methodology used was the intervention research claimed by Ren? Lourau, established on the institutional analysis theories. The device concept, by Deleuze, was chosen to think the intimate visit more than just a right, but as an instrument to cause debates about youngsters? sexuality, which has little relevance in the social-education institution. The data collected from the interviews was interpreted considering the analysis of implication, because it is the assumption of the non-neutrality. From May to June, 2015, 08 adolescents were identified as able to conjugal visit. First, they were listened in two group of four. Then the interviews were made individually using a semi-structured questionnaire. The field diary helped on the discussion about the effects of some institutionalized praxis reflected on the imprisoned juveniles? subjective. As results, it is possible to highlight the DEGASE standard characteristic and it difficulty in manage the differences. From the adolescent?s point of view, the intimate visit might be face naturally, although, they were worried about some possible violation of their pairs during the process. Even though there is difficulty in accept the homoaffective relationship, the institution is open to dialogue. Despite the fact that it has some limitations and, for security, the homosexual adolescents are placed in, so called, ?safe? places. The discussion about gender face the heteronormative logic, potentialized by the common sense that prison is ?place for males?<br>que a sustenta ? a conviv?ncia familiar e a garantia da continuidade do v?nculo entre o casal. Nossa hip?tese ? de que esse direito promova discuss?o em torno da sexualidade e do corpo do adolescente. As garantias trazidas pelo Estatuto da Crian?a e do Adolescente (ECA), embasadas no princ?pio da prote??o integral, ainda n?o s?o exercidas de forma plena. Deixando espa?o para pr?ticas e discursos baseados na situa??o irregular do antigo C?digo de Menores. A metodologia utilizada ? a pesquisa-interven??o defendida por Ren? Lourau dentro do arcabou?o da an?lise institucional. Escolhemos o conceito de dispositivo de Deleuze para pensar a visita ?ntima para al?m de um direito, mas como instrumento que provoque debates a respeito da sexualidade do adolescente, que na institui??o socioeducativa, tem tido pouca relev?ncia. O material das entrevistas foi interpretado levando-se em considera??o a an?lise da implica??o, pois ela ? o pressuposto da n?o neutralidade. No per?odo de maio a julho de 2015 foram identificados 08 adolescentes com perfil para a visita ?ntima. Inicialmente, eles foram ouvidos em 02 grupos de 04 adolescentes. Em seguida, foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com apoio de question?rio semiestruturado. O di?rio de campo auxiliou na discuss?o sobre os efeitos da institucionaliza??o de determinadas pr?xis que repercutem nas subjetividades dos adolescentes privados de liberdade. Dentre os resultados encontrados, destacamos as formas normatizadoras da institui??o e sua dificuldade em lidar com o diferente. A visita ?ntima, do ponto de vista do adolescente, deve ser encarada com naturalidade. Surgiram preocupa??es com supostas viola??es de suas companheiras no decorrer do processo da visita ?ntima. Apesar da resist?ncia ? rela??o homoafetiva, existe a possibilidade de di?logo sobre essa quest?o. No entanto, a institui??o tem limita??es e acaba, em nome da prote??o, isolando os homossexuais nos m?dulos conhecidos como ?seguro?. A discuss?o de g?nero esbarra na l?gica heteronormativa, potencializada com a cren?a de que a cadeia ? ?lugar para macho?.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-10-04T13:31:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Priscila Marília Martins - 2015.pdf: 1279252 bytes, checksum: 24a4b6833309bed0ba47057dc08f2633 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-10-04T13:31:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Priscila Marília Martins - 2015.pdf: 1279252 bytes, checksum: 24a4b6833309bed0ba47057dc08f2633 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T13:31:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Priscila Marília Martins - 2015.pdf: 1279252 bytes, checksum: 24a4b6833309bed0ba47057dc08f2633 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-06<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>Amongst documents depicting regulations and policies of representation, the way some public bodies operate the intersectionalities of the perspectives along with the even defeated enlargement of sexual rights conception, may lead not only to constraint, identity stereotypes, biological determinism, but also perilous essentialisms and violence causing political and existential deletions of women willing to share their lives, sexuality, emotions and other possibilities of intimate relationship with one another. Having said that, compulsory heterosexuality - a great will on sexuality - continues to ban or even silence, in official speeches, the lesbian-desiring voices and to confine them into multiple jails. Thus, through documental analysis of some aspects of the National Plan of Penitentiary Policies (2011), the National Policies Plan for Womens (2013-2015), and also Resolution nº 4 of 29 June 2011 the National Council on Criminal and Penitentiary Policies and joint Resolution nº 1 of 15 April 2014 of CNPCP and the National Council for Combating Discrimination-LGBT, we aimed to reveal the obstacles to effectiveness and regulation of lesbian inmate visits in Brazilian prisons.<br>Entre documentos que apresentam normativas e políticas de representação, o modo como certos organismos públicos operam com as perspectivas das interseccionalidades e o ainda hipossuficiente alargamento do que se concebe por direitos sexuais conduzem à rigidez e estereótipos identitários, a determinismos biológicos, a perigosos essencialismos e a violências que geram apagamentos políticos, existenciais, de mulheres que desejam compartilhar suas vidas, sexualidade, afetos e outras possibilidades de se relacionarem intimamente com uma outra. Tendo isto posto, a heterossexualidade compulsória – uma vontade de verdade sobre a sexualidade – segue a interditar ou mesmo silenciar, em discursos oficiais, as vozes lésbico desejantes e a as confinar em uma multiplicidade de cárceres. Assim, ao realizar aqui uma análise documental de alguns aspectos do Plano Nacional de Políticas Penitenciárias (2011), do Plano Nacional de Políticas para as Mulheres (2013-2015), e, ainda, da Resolução nº 4 de 29 de junho de 2011 do Conselho Nacional de Política Criminal e Penitenciária e da Resolução conjunta nº1 de 15 de abril de 2014 do CNPCP e do Conselho Nacional de Combate à Discriminação-LGBT, buscou-se apontar problemáticas à efetivação e regulamentação da visita íntima para lésbicas reclusas em estabelecimentos penais no Brasil.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2015-11-11T14:43:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariana Costa Guimaraes - 2015.pdf: 615661 bytes, checksum: 397662fdb8f468546a22b382c9f02d56 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-11-12T09:19:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariana Costa Guimaraes - 2015.pdf: 615661 bytes, checksum: 397662fdb8f468546a22b382c9f02d56 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-12T09:19:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mariana Costa Guimaraes - 2015.pdf: 615661 bytes, checksum: 397662fdb8f468546a22b382c9f02d56 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-08<br>This work is the result of a research developed, under the master degree, in the women penitentiary Consuelo Nasser in order to determine whether, in this prison, the exercise of sexuality, through conjugal visits of spouses and partners, is assured. If so, I would inquire the specifics of granting private visit in the female prison (general purpose). The specific purposes were: identify the legal, bureaucratic and socio-cultural barriers that hinder, impede or distort the private visit in this prison; reveal what do women in jail think about their sexuality, how are their experiences, what are their wishes and worries; point (possible) individual and social benefits achieved with the full exercise of sexuality in prison. Therefore, I performed a possible observation of the field, followed by in-depth interviews, from a semi- structured script, to research gender relations, sexuality and human rights in that women's prison. This research advances toward interdisciplinarity, dialoguing with Law, but not limited to the study of legislation nor to the verification of the implementation of the right to equality in women's prison. We start from the dialectical conception proposed by Roberto Lyra Filho (1982), according to which the law is liberation/emancipation ("found in the street"), and move forward on issues related to gender relations, identity, social representations, body control and crime, that requires a deconstruction of disciplinary walls allowing the intersection and the dialogue between Law and Anthropology, Sociology, Criminology and Human Rights in addressing the proposed issue, which would not be possible for a fragmented science. After the field observation, we concluded that granting conjugal visits in that prison does not result from the understanding that it is a right. Regardless the official speech, prison’s administration, under the argument of ensuring private visit in Consuelo Nasser, uses it as a bargaining object, violating women’s dignity. There, as indeed in other women's prisons in the country, women, mostly black and mostly poor, are (will be) exposed to the same social abandonment they were on the street. Prison, now of their own, once again, will establish their family relationships. How to socially reintegrate women who have never entered? How to protect them if their bodies are known to be used by the state to ensure peace in the male prison? How to value them, if they are not recognized as rights holders? When women under the guard and state protection, are taken - in its possible connotations - to exchange sex for money, to keep the drug addiction or to buy food, they are not free in the exercise of their sexuality. There, the right to sexuality is not emancipatory. Because of precariousness and abandonment (social and family), observed in a prison for women, conjugal visits turned into an instrument of oppression and subjugation, impairing the democratic right to sexuality and especially against human dignity.<br>O presente trabalho é resultado de pesquisa realizada, no mestrado, na penitenciária feminina Consuelo Nasser, com o objetivo de verificar se nesse estabelecimento prisional o exercício da sexualidade, por meio da visita íntima de cônjuges e companheiros/as, é assegurado. Em caso positivo, perquiriria as especificidades da concessão da visita privada no cárcere feminino (objetivo geral). Em seguida, busquei identificar os entraves legais, burocráticos e socioculturais que dificultam, impedem ou desvirtuam a visita privada; revelar o que pensam as mulheres em situação de cárcere sobre a sua sexualidade, como são suas experiências, quais são seus desejos e suas preocupações; e apontar os (possíveis) benefícios individuais e sociais alcançados com o pleno exercício da sexualidade no cárcere. Para tanto, foi realizada uma observação possível do campo, seguida de entrevistas em profundidade, a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado, para pesquisar as relações de gênero, sexualidade e Direitos Humanos no cárcere feminino. A presente pesquisa avança em direção à interdisciplinaridade, dialogando com o Direito, mas não se limitando ao estudo da legislação que trata da visita íntima, tampouco à verificação da implementação do direito à igualdade no cárcere feminino. Partimos da concepção dialética de Roberto Lyra Filho (1982), segundo a qual o Direito é libertação/emancipação (“achado na rua”), e avançamos sobre questões relativas ao gênero, identidade, representações sociais, controle corporal e criminalidade, o que exige uma desconstrução dos muros disciplinares, permitindo o cruzamento e o diálogo do Direito com a Antropologia, a Sociologia, a Criminologia e com os Direitos Humanos no enfrentamento da problemática estabelecida, o que não seria possível a uma ciência fragmentada. Da observação em campo concluímos que a concessão da visita íntima, no estabelecimento prisional pesquisado, não decorre da compreensão de que se trata de direito da/o presa/o. Embora o discurso oficial seja diferente, a administração penitenciária, sob o pretexto de assegurar a visita privada na Penitenciária Feminina Consuelo Nasser, a utiliza como objeto de troca, violando a dignidade da mulher presa. Lá, como certamente em outras unidades prisionais femininas no país, mulheres, quase sempre negras, e quase sempre pobres, são (serão) novamente submetidas ao abandono social que conheceram na rua. O cárcere, agora o delas, mais uma vez pautará suas relações familiares. Como reinserir socialmente mulheres que nunca estiveram inseridas? Como protegê-las, se seus corpos são sabidamente utilizados pelo Estado para conter ânimos no presídio masculino? Como valorizá-las, se sequer são reconhecidas (se reconhecem) como titulares de direitos? Quando mulheres, sob a guarda e a proteção estatal, são levadas  em suas possíveis conotações  a trocar sexo por dinheiro, para manter o vício em drogas ou para comprar comida, não são livres no exercício de sua sexualidade. Lá, o direito à sexualidade não é emancipatório. Em razão da precariedade e do abandono (social e familiar) que marcam o cárcere feminino, a visita íntima se transformou em um instrumento de opressão e subjugo, atentando contra o direito democrático à sexualidade e, principalmente, contra a dignidade humana.

Cette recherche découle de la méconnaissance des flux intense population de femmes qui errent dans les prisons de Rio Grande do Sul, dans le but de discuter du rôle du mécanisme de visites conjugales en prison gouvernement contemporaine. Visitez intima est un droit qui ( a) coincé ( a) doit maintenir des rencontres intimes sur une base régulière avec votre conjoint, dont la justification juridique des mensonges sur son importance dans le renforcement des relations familiales. A commencé à être pratiquée dans les années 80 , étant réglementé en 1999 , au moment où ils augmentent l'incarcération politique, les gangs de prison émerger et se propager émeutes dans différents états. Après leur libération, les femmes visiteurs assumé des rôles importants à la fois pour les prisonniers et pour l'institution . Ces deux faits ont conduit à s'interroger sur l'utilité stratégique réglementé sexe dans les prisons, qui familista discours sous-jacent et droits de l'homme . Pour atteindre l'objectif de la recherche , nous avons adopté trois itinéraires différents . Le premier geste a été de construire une histoire de la sexualité dans les prisons RS basé sur des textes historiques interrogé sur de nouvelles catégories. En cela, nous cherchons à savoir si d'autres raisons criminelle avait inclus la sexualité dans un utilitaire de calcul pour la gestion des populations carcérales. Le deuxième mouvement a cherché à suivre le temps d'urgence visites conjugales dans le Rio Grande do Sul - lorsque l'Etat libère l'entrée des visiteurs dans les galeries - du point de vue des prisonniers et des gardiens de prison qui ont vécu cette période. La troisième voie a été produite à partir d' une immersion dans la prison centrale quotidien de Porto Alegre, où nous cherchons à visualiser ses secteurs d'activité et de productivité , ainsi que la façon dont le mécanisme intime de la visite a été intégré dans la dynamique des grandes prisons contemporaines. Enfin, nous mettons en évidence les effets de la criminalité féminine liés à cette pratique , rendue possible grâce à un néo- racisme d'Etat, qui est lorsque l'entreprise établit un sous-groupe comme inférieur ou dangereux et vous exposer à résoudre une situation de mort politique ou physique. Dans les deux mouvements de la recherche ont été guidés par la pensée de Foucault, en particulier, à leur avis, des rapports de force visant à le gouvernement du peuple , à la recherche de visualiser la logique des intérêts qui guident les sociétés néolibérales , transposées au milieu carcéral.<br>Essa pesquisa surge a partir do estranhamento com os intensos fluxos populacionais de mulheres que circulam pelas prisões do Rio Grande do Sul, tendo por objetivo problematizar o papel do mecanismo da visita íntima no governo das prisões contemporâneas. A visita íntima é um direito que o (a) preso (a) possui a manter encontros íntimos de maneira regular com seu cônjuge, cuja justificativa legal reside sobre sua importância no estreitamento das relações familiares. Começou a ser praticada na década de 80, sendo regulamentada em 1999, época em que se acentuam as políticas de encarceramento, emergem as facções penitenciárias e disseminam-se motins em vários Estados do país. Após sua liberação, as mulheres visitantes assumiram importantes papéis sociais tanto para os presos como para a instituição. Estes dois fatos levaram a questionar quanto à utilidade estratégica do sexo regulamentado nas prisões, que estaria subjacente ao discurso familista e de direitos humanos. Para responder ao objetivo da pesquisa, adotamos três diferentes percursos. O primeiro movimento foi a construção de uma história da sexualidade nas prisões do RS com base em textos históricos interrogados sobre novas categorias. Nesta buscamos descobrir se outras racionalidades penais já haviam incluído a sexualidade em um cálculo de utilidade para a gestão das populações encarceradas. O segundo movimento buscou rastrear o momento de emergência da visita íntima no Rio Grande do Sul - quando o Estado libera o ingresso de visitantes nas galerias – a partir da ótica dos presos e servidores penitenciários que vivenciaram este período. O terceiro caminho foi produzido a partir de uma imersão no cotidiano do Presídio Central de Porto Alegre, onde buscamos visibilizar suas linhas de produtividade e negócios, bem como a forma com que o mecanismo da visita íntima integrou-se a dinâmica das grandes prisões contemporâneas. Por fim, destacamos os efeitos de criminalização feminina relacionada a essa prática, tornado possível a partir de um neorracismo de Estado, que é quando a sociedade estabelece um subgrupo como inferior ou perigoso e resolve expô-lo a uma situação de morte política ou física. Em ambos os movimentos da pesquisa fomos guiadas pelo pensamento foucaultiano, em especial, na sua perspectiva de relações de poder voltadas ao governo das populações, procurando visibilizar a lógica de interesses que guia as sociedades neoliberais, transposta para o ambiente carcerário.