Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)

Academic literature on the topic 'Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)'

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Published: 5 August 2022
Last updated: 8 August 2022

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Journal articles on the topic "Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)":

1

Lock, A. L., and P. C. Garnsworthy. "Conjugated linoleic acid in cows milk: independent effects of dietary linoleic and linolenic fatty acids." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2001 (2001): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200004622.

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It is desirable to increase the level of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk as a health benefit in human nutrition. CLA has been shown to affect carcinogenesis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, the immune system, bone mineralization, body fat accretion and nutrient partitioning. The predominant CLA isomer present in foods from ruminants is cis-9, trans-11 CLA. It is formed in the rumen by anaerobic bacteria as an intermediate in the hydrogenation of linoleic acid. Recent evidence has shown that CLA can also be produced in the mammary gland by desaturation of trans-11 C18:1. Previous researchers have used various oils or oil seeds to try and elevate CLA levels in milk. A problem with this approach is that most oils contain mixtures of fatty acids so responses cannot be attributed to individual acids. Up to now there has been no report looking at how individual fatty acids affect CLA production. The objective of this work was to separate the effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on CLA production in dairy cows.
2

Lock, A. L., and P. C. Garnsworthy. "Independent effects of dietary linoleic and linolenic fatty acids on the conjugated linoleic acid content of cows’ milk." Animal Science 74, no. 1 (February 2002): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800052334.

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AbstractIt may be desirable to increase the level of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk as a health benefit in human nutrition. The purpose of this work was to separate the effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on CLA production in dairy cows and to determine to what extent endogenous synthesis contributes to cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentration in milk fat. Eight lactating cows and four non-lactating duodenal fistulated cows were used in a 4 ✕ 4 Latin-square design. All cows received a basal diet of grass silage that was supplemented with one of four concentrates, which were designed to differ in their linoleic and linolenic acid contents. The oil components of the concentrates were produced from mixtures of olive, linseed, rape, soya and sunflower oils to produce the four treatments: low linoleic/ low linolenic acid (LL), low linoleic/high linolenic acid (LH), high linoleic/low linolenic acid (HL) and high linoleic/ high linolenic acid (HH). Milk cis-9, trans-11 CLA contents were 0·8, 0·9, 0·9 and 1·1 g/100 g fatty acid methyl esters (P < 0·05) and yields were 5, 7, 7 and 8 g/day (P < 0·05) for the LL, LH, HL and HH treatments, respectively. The yields of trans-C18:1 fatty acids in milk were 19, 22, 21 and 23 g/day (P < 0·05), respectively. Taking the data for the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content and flow of duodenal fluid from the fistulated cows and representing this in terms of dietary intake by the lactating animals, the amounts of cis-9, trans-11 CLA produced in the rumen were calculated to be 0·8, 0·9, 1·2 and 1·1 g/day (P < 0·05) and for trans-C18:1 fatty acids 58, 58, 66 and 69 g/day (P < 0·05). Increasing linoleic and/or linolenic acids in the diet can increase the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content of cows’ milk. Only diets high in linoleic acid increased cis-9, trans-11 CLA production in the rumen. On all four diets, more than 80% of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk was produced endogenously by Δ9-desaturase from trans-11 C18:1 in the mammary gland. Cows on the same diet have different milk fat cis-9, trans-11 CLA concentrations that may be partially explained by differences in Δ9-desaturase activity between cows. Increasing the activity of Δ9-desaturase in the mammary gland may offer greater potential for enhancing the cis-9, trans-11 CLA content of milk fat than increasing cis-9, trans-11 CLA production in the rumen.
3

Turpeinen, Anu M., Sonja Bärlund, Riitta Freese, Peter Lawrence, and Thomas Brenna. "Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on linoleic and linolenic acid metabolism in man." British Journal of Nutrition 95, no. 4 (April 2006): 727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051432.

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Evidence from animal studies suggests that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) modulates plasma and tissue appearance of newly synthesized PUFA. The effects of a 1·2g (0·5% energy) daily intake of the cis-9, trans-11 (c9, t11) isomer of CLA, trans-10,cis-12 (t10, c12) isomer of CLA or olive oil (placebo) on linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LNA) metabolism in healthy human volunteers was investigated. Fifteen subjects were fed an experimental diet and supplemented with c9,t11-CLA, t10, c12-CLA or placebo for 7d before consuming a tracer dose of U-[13C]La (50%Mg) And U-[13C]Lna (50Mg). Blood Samples Were Taken At 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, 72 and 168%h and analysed using high-precision MS. No differences between the groups in peak plasma [13C]LA (10·3–11·6% of dose), [13C]LNA (2·5–2·9% of dose), [13C]arachidonic acid (0·09–0·12% of dose), [13C]EPA (0·04–0·06% of dose) or [13C]Dha (0c·06–0·10% of dose) were detected. Concentration V. time curves (area under the curve) also showed no significant differences between groups. This suggests that, in healthy human subjects consuming a diet with adequate intake of essential fatty acids, CLA does not affect metabolism of LA or LNA
4

Jenkins, Julie K., and Polly D. Courtney. "Lactobacillusgrowth and membrane composition in the presence of linoleic or conjugated linoleic acid." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-003.

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Five Lactobacillus strains of intestinal and food origins were grown in MRS broth or milk containing various concentrations of linoleic acid or conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The fatty acids had bacteriostatic, bacteriocidal, or no effect depending on bacterial strain, fatty acid concentration, fatty acid type, and growth medium. Both fatty acids displayed dose-dependent inhibition. All strains were inhibited to a greater extent by the fatty acids in broth than in milk. The CLA isomer mixture was less inhibitory than linoleic acid. Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55739, a strain capable of isomerizing linoleic acid to CLA, was the most inhibited strain by the presence of linoleic acid in broth or milk. In contrast, a member of the same species, L. reuteri ATCC 23272, was the least inhibited strain by linoleic acid and CLA. All strains increased membrane linoleic acid or CLA levels when grown with exogenous fatty acid. Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55739 had substantial CLA in the membrane when the growth medium was supplemented with linoleic acid. No association between level of fatty acid incorporation into the membrane and inhibition by that fatty acid was observed.Key words: Lactobacillus, conjugated linoleic acid, linoleic acid, cell membrane.
5

Dachev, Marko, Jana Bryndová, Milan Jakubek, Zdeněk Moučka, and Marian Urban. "The Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Cancer." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030454.

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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are distinctive polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are present in food produced by ruminant animals and they are accumulated in seeds of certain plants. These naturally occurring substances have demonstrated to have anti-carcinogenic activity. Their potential effect to inhibit cancer has been shown in vivo and in vitro studies. In this review, we present the multiple effects of CLA isomers on cancer development such as anti-tumor efficiency, anti-mutagenic and anti-oxidant activity. Although the majority of the studies in vivo and in vitro summarized in this review have demonstrated beneficial effects of CLA on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells, further experimental work is needed to estimate the true value of CLA as a real anti-cancer agent.
6

Ostrowska, Ewa, Reg F. Cross, Morley Muralitharan, Dale E. Bauman, and Frank R. Dunshea. "Dietary conjugated linoleic acid differentially alters fatty acid composition and increases conjugated linoleic acid content in porcine adipose tissue." British Journal of Nutrition 90, no. 5 (November 2003): 915–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2003982.

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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have been shown to decrease body fat content in pigs. It is possible that feeding pigs diets rich in CLA may increase carcass lipid CLA to levels that could provide health benefits when included as a part of a healthy diet. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether dietary CLA supplementation has any effect on the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in pigs. Thirty-five female cross bred (Large White×Landrace) pigs (initial weight 57·2kg and initial P2 back fat 11·5mm) were used in the present study. Pigs were housed individually and randomly allocated to one of six dietary treatments (0·00, 1·25, 2·50, 5·00, 7·50 and 10·00g CLA55 (55g CLA isomers/100g total fatty acids; Natural Lipids Ltd, Hovdebygda, Norway)/kg) and fed their respective diets for 8 weeks. Twelve CLA isomers in the diet and in pig tissue lipids were separated by Ag+-HPLC. CLA was incorporated at fivefold higher levels in subcutaneous fat as compared with intramuscular fat and in a dose-dependant manner. Overall, the transfer efficiency of CLA was maximized at 5·00g CLA55/kg. However, there was clear selectivity in the uptake or incorporation ofcis,trans-9,11 isomer over thetrans,cis-10,12 isomer. In general, CLA supplementation produced significant changes in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue fatty acid composition, indicating that dietary CLA had a potent affect on lipid transport and metabolismin vivo. Significant increases in myristic, palmitic and palmitoleic acids and a reduction in arachidonic acid were observed, suggesting an alteration in activity of Δ5-, Δ6- and Δ9-desaturases in pig adipose tissue. In conclusion, feeding pigs diets supplemented with CLA increases carcass lipid CLA, but also results in changes in the fatty acid profile in pig fat that could potentially outweigh the benefits of CLA.
7

Vaclavkova, E., Z. Volek, J. Belkova, D. Duskova, M. Czauderna, and M. Marounek. "Effect of linseed and the combination of conjugated linoleic acid and linseed on the quality and oxidative stability of pig meat and subcutaneous fat." Veterinární Medicína 61, No. 8 (March 10, 2017): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/117/2015-vetmed.

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The aim of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in diets of finishing pigs fed linseed can improve the quality and oxidative stability of meat and subcutaneous fat. Twenty-four Prestice Black-Pied pigs (barrows and gilts) were divided into three groups and were fed a basal diet and diets supplemented with ground linseed (70 g/kg), or linseed combined with conjugated linoleic acid (20 g CLA-oil/kg). The trial duration was 53 days. Measurements included slaughter and meat quality parameters, oxidative stability determination, and fatty acid profile of meat and subcutaneous fat. The experimental data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance. Neither linseed nor linseed with CLA significantly influenced weight gain, lean percentage, muscle depth, backfat thickness, drip loss, meat shear force, dry matter, intramuscular fat or cholesterol (P &gt; 0.05). Dietary supplementation with linseed increased the percentage of linolenic acid in the fatty acids of meat and backfat and resulted in higher production of aldehydes. Dietary CLA did not influence the susceptibility of lipids to oxidation. Supplementation with CLA significantly increased CLA proportions in fatty acids of meat and backfat, reduced proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids, and increased proportions of saturated fatty acids in backfat (P &lt; 0.05). The concentration of CLA (in mg/100 g of fresh tissue) in backfat was almost fifty times higher than in meat. Both meat and backfat of pigs fed CLA-free diets contained CLA, probably as a result of microbial conversion of linoleic acid in the intestine. It can be concluded that CLA changed the fatty acid profile of meat and backfat, but did not improve oxidative stability and other meat quality traits of pigs fed linseed.
8

Yari, Pouya, Abbas Moazami Goudarzi, Mansour Ahmadi, Jalal Masoumi, and Somayeh Kamran Azad. "Influences of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Poultry Products." International Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 4 (June 5, 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i4.12676.

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has a potential role in the prevention of cancer tumors of the skin, breast, stomach and intestine. CLA also has the ability to prevent cardiovascular disease, atherosclerotic disease, diabetes, regulation of immune responses and change in body composition by reducing body fat. Fats that originated from the ruminants are the main sources of CLA. But poultry products are contain traces of these fatty acids. Fatty acids content in monogastric diets did not change after digestion and absorption, compared with ruminants. So use of synthetic CLA or its precursors, can increase the synthesis and save of this fatty acid in poultry products. After absorption, the CLA or its resources, are stored in phospholipids of call membrane, fatty tissue and eggs. Therefore attempts to enrich poultry production via CLA as an appropriate method for improving human nutrition by organic sources, will cause the useful results.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i4.12676
9

Acosta Balcazar, Isabel Cristina, Lorenzo Danilo Granados Rivera, Jaime Salinas Chavira, Benigno Estrada Drouaillet, Miguel Ruiz Albarrán, and Yuridia Bautista Martínez. "Relationship between the Composition of Lipids in Forages and the Concentration of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Cow’s Milk: A Review." Animals 12, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131621.

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), has been shown to have protective effects against various diseases, such as obesity, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, chronic inflammatory diseases, and cancer. This fatty acid in ruminants results from two processes, biohydrogenation, which takes place in the rumen, and de novo synthesis, carried out in the mammary gland, and it has linoleic and α-linolenic acids as its precursors. The amounts of precursors in the diets of animals are related to the amounts of CLA in milk. In the literature review, it was found that the milk of cows fed fresh forage has a higher amount of CLA because they have a higher amount of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid compared to other foods used in the diets of cows. The amount of CLA precursors in pastures can be increased through agronomic practices, such as nitrogen fertilization, and regrowth age. It is also a technique used to increase the amount of CLA in milk to obtain a greater benefit regarding its nutritional value.
10

Mir, Z., L. J. Paterson, and P. S. Mir. "Fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid content of intramuscular fat in crossbred cattle with and without Wagyu genetics fed a barley-based diet." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 80, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a98-113.

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Fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in pars costalis diaphragmatis (PCD) muscle from European and British crossbred (EBC; no Wagyu genetics) and Wagyu crossbred (WC; 75% Wagyu genetics) beef cattle were determined. Conjugated linoleic acid contents of PCD muscle from EBC (1.7 mg CLA g−1 lipid) and WC (1.8 mg CLA g−1 lipid) cattle were similar (P > 0.05), while WC cattle had higher (P < 0.05) CLA content 100 g−1 of beef on a DM basis because the lipid content of meat from WC cattle was greater (P < 0.05) than that from EBC cattle Key words: Conjugated linoleic acid, Wagyu, fatty acids, barley, beef cattle
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)":

1

Mallia, Silvia. "Oxidative stability and aroma of UFA/CLA (unsaturated fatty acids/conjugated linoleic acid) enriched butter /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18020.

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2

Benjamin, Sailas, Priji Prakasan, Sajith Sreedharan, Andre-Denis G. Wright, and Friedrich Spener. "Pros and cons of CLA consumption: an insight from clinical evidences." BioMed Central, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610326.

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This comprehensive review critically evaluates whether supposed health benefits propounded upon human consumption of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are clinically proven or not. With a general introduction on the chemistry of CLA, major clinical evidences pertaining to intervention strategies, body composition, cardio-vascular health, immunity, asthma, cancer and diabetes are evaluated. Supposed adverse effects such as oxidative stress, insulin resistance, irritation of intestinal tract and milk fat depression are also examined. It seems that no consistent result was observed even in similar studies conducted at different laboratories, this may be due to variations in age, gender, racial and geographical disparities, coupled with type and dose of CLA supplemented. Thus, supposed promising results reported in mechanistic and pre-clinical studies cannot be extrapolated with humans, mainly due to the lack of inconsistency in analyses, prolonged intervention studies, follow-up studies and international co-ordination of concerted studies. Briefly, clinical evidences accumulated thus far show that CLA is not eliciting significantly promising and consistent health effects so as to uphold it as neither a functional nor a medical food.
3

Kemp, Michael Quentin. "The Protective Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Against Carcinogenesis." Diss., Tucson, Ariz. : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1357%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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4

Gnädig, Silke. "Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) effect of processing on CLA in cheese and the impact of CLA on the arachidonic acid metabolism = Konjugierte Linolsäureisomere (CLA) /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964270668.

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5

Ruprichová, Lenka. "Zavedení metody stanovení konjugované linolové kyseliny (CLA)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216552.

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This work deals with the optimization of the method for determination of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) using gas chromatography. The summary about formation and occurrence of CLA in animal materials, its biological effects in human organism and methods suitable for its determination is introduced in the theoretical part of this study. The experimental part verify, if the gas chromatography is applicable method for assesment of CLA in selected biological matrices. The chosen method was introduced and verified at FCH of Brno university of technology. At the end the applicability of this method to CLA determination is discussed here.
6

Arendse, Lyle. "The modulating effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on cancer cell survival in vitro." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4665.

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Magister Scientiae (Medical Bioscience) - MSc(MBS)
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are geometrical and positional isomers of n-6 octadecadenoic acid (linoleic acid, LA, 18:2n-6), which form part of a family of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). There are 28 identified CLA isomers that mostly found in the meat and milk from ruminant animals. CLA has shown to possess a number of health benefits including; reduction in body fat and increased lean body mass, prevention of atherosclerosis, hypertension, increased immune function and in particular the prevention of cancer. The effects of CLA on cancer cell lines will be evaluated to discover the mechanisms that are employed to achieve this great phenomenon on cell growth. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of CLA on various parameters that are essential in the development of cancer cell phenotype. The objectives were to evaluate the effect of CLA on iron-induced lipid peroxidation of microsomes isolated from rat liver cells and in vitro cytotoxicity, cell proliferation and apoptosis in HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells. The Fatty acid incorporation in HepG2 cells was also assessed.
7

Viswanadha, Srikant. "Alterations in Lipid Metabolism in Mouse Tissues and Hepatic Cell Lines in Response to the Trans10,Cis12-18:2 Isomer of Conjugated Linoleic Acid." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28354.

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces adipose mass in several species. Studies were conducted to determine: 1) the effect of dietary trans10,cis12-CLA on growth, tissue fatty acid profile, mRNA expression for stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in adipose and liver, and mRNA expression for fatty acid synthase (FAS) in adipose of mice, 2) the effect of a dietary combination of trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) and trans10,cis12-CLA on delta9- desaturation, and 3) the effect of cis9,trans11-CLA, trans10,cis12-CLA, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) inhibitors on expression of mRNA for CPT-1 and fatty acid profile in mouse hepatocytes (AML-12) and human hepatoma cells (HepG2). In the first study, male or female mice were fed diets containing 0, 0.15%, or 0.30% trans10,cis12-CLA for 6 wk. Epididymal adipose weights (males) and inguinal adipose weights (females) decreased by 81% and 52%, respectively, in response to 0.30% trans10,cis12-CLA. Dry carcass weights decreased from 4.75 g for the control to 3.62 g for mice fed 0.30% trans10,cis12-CLA and the decrease was due to a reduction in ether extract. Liver weights increased linearly from 0.55 g (control) to 0.65 g (0.30% trans10,cis12-CLA). Dietary trans10,cis12-CLA (0.30%) reduced FAS and SCD mRNA in adipose by 60 and 30 % respectively, compared with the control, suggesting reduced lipogenesis and desaturation might be primary factors responsible for reducing body fat. In the second study, adult male or female mice were fed diets containing 0.40% TVA in combination with 0, 0.15, or 0.30% trans10,cis12-CLA for 10 d. Both TVA and trans10,cis12-CLA were incorporated into plasma, liver, adipose, muscle, and bone lipids proportional to their concentrations in the diets. Desaturation ratios were not affected in adipose, liver, and bone. However, ratios of 16:0 to 16:1 and 18:0 to 18:1 increased from 0.81 to 0.86 and 0.15 to 0.19 respectively, in response to dietary trans10,cis12-CLA (0.30%), suggesting inhibition of delta9 desaturation in muscle. In the third study, AML-12 or HepG2 cells were incubated with control media or media containing 15 uM etomoxir (ETM), 30 uM ETM, 15 uM hemipalmitoylcarnitinium (HPC), 30 uM HPC, 100 uM cis9,trans11-CLA, or 100 uM trans10,cis12-CLA for 24 h. Half the cells were harvested for analysis of fatty acids, mRNA for CPT-1, and cholesterol after 24 h. The remaining cells were incubated for an additional 24 h in control medium. Incorporation (% of total fatty acids) of trans10,cis12-CLA was greater than cis9,trans11-CLA in AML-12 (34 vs 23.6) and HepG2 (28 vs 18) cells. Cells incubated with trans10,cis12-CLA had higher ratios of 16:0 to 16:1, 18:0 to 18:1, and 18:2n6 to 20:4n-6, suggesting inhibition of delta9, delta5 , and delta6 desaturation. Cis9,trans11-CLA also reduced ratio of 18:2n-6 to 20:4n-6 in both cell lines. Trans10,cis12-CLA increased mRNA for CPT-1 in both cell lines compared with the control, suggesting enhanced oxidation of fatty acids. In addition, trans10,cis12-CLA caused a 4-fold and 5-fold increase in free cholesterol content of AML-12 and HepG2 cells, respectively. Overall, results demonstrated that trans10,cis12-CLA modulated lipid metabolism in tissues in vivo and altered fatty acid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, and CPT-1 mRNA in hepatic cell lines in vitro.
Ph. D.
8

Chae, Sung Hee. "Conjugated linoleic acid reduces lipid oxidation in irradiated, cooked ground beef patties." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5983.

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This study was conducted to examine the antioxidative effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in irradiated, cooked ground beef patties. The hypothesis was that CLA would be retained during irradiation and would reduce lipid oxidation that is caused by irradiation. The objective was to evaluate the effects of CLA alone and in combination with irradiation on lipid oxidation, fatty acid composition, cooking loss, moisture and fat content, and trained panel sensory evaluations of beef patties. CLA was added at 0, 1, 2, or 4% level during the grinding process. Addition of CLA during the grinding process increased CLA cis-9,trans-11 and CLA trans-10,cis-12 isomers in both irradiated and non-irradiated cooked ground beef patties (irradiated at 1.6 kGy) (P = 0.0001). Weight loss during cooking was greater in irradiated beef patties than in non-irradiated patties (P = 0.004). Irradiation reduced the serumy/bloody aromatic attribute and increased browned aromatic attribute, browned aftertaste, and wet dog/hairy aromatic attribute (P < 0.05). There was no significant main effect of irradiation on the basic tastes. The linoleic acid, CLA cis-9,trans-11, and CLA trans-10,cis-12 were decreased by irradiation (P < 0.05). Although irradiation decreased the CLA isomers, higher percentages of CLA isomers were retained in irradiated patties containing a 4% free fatty acid preparation of CLA (FFA-CLA), reflecting the ability of the FFA preparation to reduce lipid oxidation that is caused by irradiation. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values were significantly higher in irradiated, cooked ground beef patties than in non-irradiated ground beef patties (P = 0.004). Although the FFA-CLA was effective in reducing lipid oxidation that is caused by irradiation, it increased painty aromatic attribute, bitter taste, and astringent aftertaste due to the soapy flavor of the free fatty acid (all P < 0.05). The FFA-CLA decreased cooked beef/brothy and serumy/bloody aromatic attribute and browned aftertaste (all P < 0.05). The 1% triacylglycerol (TAG) preparation of CLA reduced TBARS in irradiated, cooked patties to levels seen in control, non-irradiated patties. The 1% TAG concentration also provided good retention of CLA in the cooked ground beef.
9

Soares, Marcio Pereira. "Adição do ácido linoleico conjugado (cla) no diluidor de Congelação de sêmen de touros." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/62058.

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O objetivo foi avaliar os efeitos da adição de diferentes concentrações dos isômeros cis-9, trans-11 e trans-10, cis-12 do ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) ao meio de congelação sobre a motilidade espermática, a integridade da membrana plasmática, acrossomal e mitocondrial dos espermatozoides de touros. No experimento foram utilizados 4 touros Jersey, sendo os ejaculados processados na forma de “pool” (experimento 1) e individualmente (experimento 2). O meio base (MB) era constituído de tris (Dilutris®-SEMENCOM, Brasil) + 20 % de gema de ovo. Os tratamentos com CLA (Luta-CLA®-BASF, Brasil), tinham apresentação oleosa por isso foram preparados a partir do MB com adição de 1% de lauril sulfato de sódio (MBL). Os tratamentos foram compostos por: controle positivo (CP) = MB, controle negativo (CN) = MBL; tratamento 50 (T50) = MBL+50μM CLA; tratamento 100 (T100) = MBL+100μM CLA e tratamento 150 (T150) = MBL+150μM CLA. Após o descongelamento a qualidade espermática foi analisada pelo CASA, e a integridade das membranas plasmática, acrossomal e função mitocondrial através da associação das sondas PI, FITC-PSA, JC-1 e H-342. Em ambos os experimentos não foram observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos nas concentrações utilizadas, para os parâmetros avaliados, porém no experimento 2 houve diferenças entre indivíduos.
The objective was to evaluate the effects of addition of different concentrations of the isomers cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to the freezing medium on sperm motility, the plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal and mitochondrial of bovine sperm. In the experiment, four Jersey bulls were used, and the ejaculates processed as "pool" (experiment 1) and individually (experiment 2). The diluent medium was based on tris (Dilutris®-SEMENCOM, Brazil) + 20% egg yolk (MB). The treatments with CLA (CLA-Luta®-BASF, Brazil), which had oily presentation, were prepared from MB with addition of 1% sodium lauryl sulfate (MBL). The treatments were: positive control (CP) = MB, negative control (CN) = MBL; treatment 50 (T50) = MBL+50μM CLA; treatment 100 (T100) = MBL+100μM CLA and treatment 150 (T150) = MBL+150μM CLA. After thawing the semen, the characteristics were analyzed by CASA, and the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membranes and mitochondrial function of sperm by association probes PI, FITC-PSA, JC-1 and H-342. In both experiments there were no differences between treatments and the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), at the concentrations used, had no effect on the integrity and superior functionality of spermatozoa that underwent cryopreservation. However, but in experiment 2, there were differences between individuals.
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Marques, Anne y. Castro. "Avaliação dos possíveis efeitos sinérgicos de ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA) e fitosterois na regulação de parâmetros metabólicos em camundongos : Evaluation of possible synergic effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and phytosterols in regulation of metabolic parameters in mice." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255070.

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Abstract:
Orientador: Mário Roberto Maróstica Júnior
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T19:40:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques_AnneyCastro_D.pdf: 1629886 bytes, checksum: bb0b5aff44e4b4964882ed30eee5c23a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: As mudanças no estilo de vida da população, tais como as alterações no hábito alimentar e o maior sedentarismo, levam ao aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, entre as quais se destaca a obesidade. Com o intuito de controlar esse grande problema de saúde pública, vários compostos bioativos têm sido investigados. O ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA), família de isômeros do ácido linoleico, apresenta diversas funções biológicas positivas, tais como anticarcinogênico, imunomodulador e regulador do balanço energético e da composição corporal. Apesar de sua potencialidade na redução do peso corporal, o CLA também apresenta efeitos biológicos adversos (resistência à insulina e aumento da oxidação lipídica), os quais limitam sua utilização. Os fitosterois, lipídios encontrados em alimentos de origem vegetal, reduzem os níveis de colesterol sérico, a inflamação e o risco de doenças cardiovasculares. Por se tratarem de substâncias com comprovado efeito biológico, é possível que a interação entre CLA e fitosterois melhore ou potencialize seus efeitos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a ação destes compostos na prevenção da obesidade induzida por dieta rica em gordura. Quarenta camundongos Swiss machos receberam dietas hiperlipídicas suplementadas com CLA e/ou fitosterois, na concentração de 2%, por nove semanas. Foram avaliados ingestão energética, ganho de peso, composição corporal, perfil lipídico sérico (colesterol total, HDL-colesterol, triglicérides e ácidos graxos livres), leptina sérica, testes de tolerância à glicose e à insulina, via da insulina no fígado e no tecido adiposo (proteínas Akt, FoxO e JAK-2), inflamação no fígado, tecido adiposo e hipotálamo (JNK, IL-1?, IL-6, IL-10 e TNF-?), além da modulação dos receptores ativados por proliferadores peroxissômicos (PPARs) ? e ? no fígado, tecido adiposo e hipotálamo. Os dados paramétricos foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e os dados não paramétricos foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis. Quando aplicável (p < 0,05), foram realizados os respectivos testes post-hoc (Tukey ou Dunns). A suplementação concomitante de CLA e fitosterois não alterou a ingestão energética, mas reduziu significativamente o ganho de peso, e aumentou a concentração de massa magra e de minerais. Foram reduzidos os níveis de massa gorda, de leptina sérica e dos PPARs no fígado e no tecido adiposo dos animais. Neste grupo não se observou alteração no perfil lipídico. Apesar dos animais terem desenvolvido resistência à insulina, a utilização de CLA mais fitosterois apresentou efeito sinérgico, com redução da inflamação hepática e melhora na via insulínica no fígado e no tecido adiposo, em relação ao grupo obeso. A suplementação de CLA e fitosterois reduziu, em camundongos, os danos causados pela ingestão de dieta hiperlipídica, entretanto mais estudos são necessários para compreender os mecanismos de ação e definir as melhores doses
Abstract: The changes in the population lifestyle, such as bad eating habits and more sedentarism, led to increased prevalence of chronic diseases, including obesity. Various compounds have been investigated in order to control this major public health problem. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a family of isomers of linoleic acid, has various positive biological functions, such as anticarcinogenic, immunomodulatory and energy balance and body composition regulations. Despite the potential in reducing body weight, CLA also has adverse biological effects (insulin resistance and increased fat oxidation), which limit it use. Phytosterols, lipids found in vegetable foods, reduce serum cholesterol levels, inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk. CLA and phytosterols are related to substances with proven biological effect. It is possible that the interaction between then improves and/or enhance these effects. This study aimed to investigate the action of these compounds in the prevention of obesity induced by high-fat diet. Forty male Swiss mice received a high-fat diet supplemented with CLA and/or phytosterols, at a concentration of 2%, for nine weeks. Energy intake, weight gain, body composition, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDLcholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids), serum leptin, glucose and insulin tolerance tests, insulin pathway in liver and adipose tissue (Akt, FoxO and JAK-2 proteins), inflammation in liver, adipose tissue and hypothalamus (JNK, IL-1?, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-?), and modulation of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) ? and ? in liver, adipose tissue and hypothalamus were assessed. Parametric data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and nonparametric data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. When applicable (p <0.05) were performed its post-hoc tests (Tukey or Dunns). Concomitant supplementation of phytosterols and CLA did not alter energy intake, but significantly reduced weight gain, and increased lean mass and minerals concentration. Fat mass, serum leptin and PPARs, in liver and adipose tissue, were reduced in the animals. In CLA plus phytosterols group there was no change in lipid profile. Although the animals have developed insulin resistance, the use of CLA plus phytosterols showed a synergistic effect, with reduction in hepatic inflammation and improvement in the insulin pathway in liver and adipose tissue, compared to the obese group. CLA and phytosterols supplementation reduced, in mice, the damage caused by the intake of high-fat diet, however, more studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of action and define the best doses
Doutorado
Nutrição Experimental e Aplicada à Tecnologia de Alimentos
Doutora em Alimentos e Nutrição
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Books on the topic "Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)":

1

Sels, Bert, and An Philippaerts, eds. Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781782620211.

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Sels, Bert, An Philippaerts, Kevin Shingfield, Johan Buyse, and Yeonhwa Park. Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Conjugated Vegetable Oils: Rsc. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2014.

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Herbel, Barbara Kay. Safflower oil consumption and plasma conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in men and women. 1994.

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Wong, Mun Wah. Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on lymphocyte function and growth of mammary tumors in mice. 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)":

1

Rodríguez-Alcalá, Luis Miguel, Antonia Villar-Tajadura, Manuela Juarez, and Javier Fontecha. "Commercial Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Fortified Dairy Products." In Handbook of Food Fortification and Health, 173–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7076-2_14.

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Ahern, Grace, Douwe van Sinderen, Bo Yang, R. Paul Ross, and Catherine Stanton. "Measuring Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Production by Bifidobacteria." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 87–100. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1274-3_8.

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Choi, Byeong-Dae, Seok-Joong Kang, Yeong-Lae Ha, and Robert G. Ackman. "Accumulation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) in Tissues of Fish Fed Diets Containing Various Levels of CLA." In Quality Attributes of Muscle Foods, 61–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4731-0_5.

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Rojas-Cano, M. L., M. Lachica, L. Lara, A. Haro, and I. Fernández-Fígares. "Portal-drained viscera heat production in pigs fed betaine and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplemented diets." In Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, 433–34. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_160.

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Watkins, B. A., A. A. Devitt, and S. Feng. "Designed Eggs Containing Conjugated Linoleic Acids and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids." In Nutrition and Fitness: Metabolic Studies in Health and Disease, 162–82. Basel: KARGER, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000059814.

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Pariza, Michael W., and Yeong L. Ha. "Fatty Acids That Inhibit Cancer: Conjugated Dienoic Derivatives of Linoleic Acid." In Nutrients and Cancer Prevention, 113–17. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4516-2_8.

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Cherian, G. "5. Conjugated linoleic acids from eggs in health: lessons from animal models." In Handbook of eggs in human function, 77–92. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-804-9_5.

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Ackman, Robert G. "Errors in the Identification by Gas—Liquid Chromatography of Conjugated Linoleic Acids in Seafoods." In ACS Symposium Series, 235–42. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2001-0788.ch018.

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Torres, Alexandre G., Flávia Meneses, and Nádia M. F. Trugo. "Content of Conjugated Linoleic Acids, cis-9, trans-11–18:2 and trans-10,cis-12–18:2,in Breast Milk from Brazilian Women." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 317–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0559-4_62.

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Whelan, Jay, Melissa B. Hansen Petrik, Michael F. McEntee, and Mark G. Obukowicz. "Dietary Epa Reduces Tumor Load in Apc Min/+ Mice by Altering Arachidonic Acid Metabolism, But Conjugated Linoleic Acid, Gamma- And Alpha-Linolenic Acids Have No Effect." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 579–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0193-0_88.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)":

1

Ibrahim, Khadega, Chiara Cugno, and Md Mizanur Rahman. "Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) co-treatment alleviates antidiabetic drug, rosiglitazone associated deterioration of bone remodeling." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0148.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to decreased insulin secretion, defective action or both. The rosiglitazone (RSG) is one of the oral antidiabetic drug used in type 2 (T2) DM and has a unique insulin-sensitizing capacity. However, RSG has a negative side effect on the bone as it stimulates the differentiation of bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) into adipocytes at the expense of osteoblasts in the bone marrow microenvironment, disturbing the normal balance of bone remodeling and causing BM adiposity. On the other hand, the trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid is known as anti-adipogenic, pro-osteogenic. Therefor, this study was designed to assess whether CLA can alleviate the negative effect of RSG on bone. We used adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) as a human in vitro model to study the effect of CLA, RSG and combined treatment (RSG+CLA) on the osteoblastogenic and adipogenic differentiation of AT-MSCs. Osteoblastogenesis was assessed by Alizarin Red Staining and bone mineralization was assessed by 〖"OsteoImage" 〗^TMassays, whereas adipogenesis was assessed by Oil Red O Staining and LipidTOX assays. Besides, the level of expression of osteogenic and adipogenic markers was measured on treated osteo- and adipo-differentiated MSCs using real time RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis. Compared to RSG group, the combined treatment group stimulates osteoblastogenesis, as evidenced by increased mineralization and upregulation of osteogenic markers OPN and RUNX2 and inhibits adipogenesis in osteogenic media as showed by decreased lipid content and downregulation of adipogenic markers FABP4, LPL and adipsin. In conclusion, the use of CLA as an adjunctive treatment reversed the effects of RSG on osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Further preclinical and clinical studies will be undertaken to establish this treatment regimen for the successful treatment of diabetic patients with rosiglitazone without adverse side effects on bone.
2

Đorđević, Nenad, Bojan Stojanović, Aleksa Božičković, Blagoje Stojković, and Dušica Radonjić. "UTICAJ LIPOLITIČKIH PROMENA U SILAŽI NA SADRŽAJ POLINEZASIĆENIH MASNIH KISELINA U MLEČNOJ MASTI PREŽIVARA." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.269dj.

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The paper presents an overview of domestic and foreign research on the influence of lipolytic changes in silage on the content and the composition of milk fat. During the preparation of herbage for ensiling (wilting), some losses occur due to lipolysis and oxidation of fatty acids. During the fermentation of the ensiled mass whereby some strains of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum AKU 1009a) were used as inoculants, the biohydrogenation of some PUFA occurs as well as the increase of the content of conjugated fatty acids in the silage. Based on a review of a number of experiments, the most favorable effect can be attributed to legume and grass silages, compared to corn silages. In the first place, for sure, is red clover silage, due to the partial reduction of lipolysis by polyphenol oxidase. In contrast, when corn silage is used, there is occurrence of biohydrogenation of linoleic acid in trans- 10, cis-12 CLA, which is a very strong inhibitor of milk fat synthesis.
3

Silva-Hernández, E., R. Herrera-Lee, M. Jácome-Sosa, I. Verdalet-Guzman, W. Wismer, T. Nakano, and L. Ozimek. "Sensory Evaluation of Non-Synthetic Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)-Rich and Transvaccenic Acid (TVA)-Rich Cream and Butter." In 13th World Congress of Food Science & Technology. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/iufost:20060264.

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4

Stefanini, Roberta, Giuseppe Vignali, and Fabio Coloretti. "Modelling the growth kinetic of spoilage microorganisms in a packaged cow’s ricotta processed with high pressure." In The 5th International Food Operations & Processing Simulation Workshop. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.foodops.003.

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Today consumers demand fresh foods without additives, preservatives and health risks: that is why non-thermal food preservation methods are receiving more interest, among them High Pressure Processing is able to avoid thermal degradation of food components, extend their shelf life and preserve colour, flavour and nutritional value. HPP is often used on dairy products because of its impact on physicochemical and sensory characteristics, its ability to improve their structure and texture and inactivate some microorganisms. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of HPP on a packaged ricotta rich in Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and Omega-3, resulting from cows fed with linseed in the Parmigiano Reggiano area, and processed with a hydrostatic pressure of 600 MPa for 5 minutes. The ultimate goal is to find a mathematical model able to show the treatment’s effect on spoilage microorganisms that grow spontaneously in this product during a month of refrigerated storage.
5

Heiremans, J., M. Claeys, and A. G. Herman. "DETERMINATION OF CHOLESTERYL HYDROXYOCTADBCADIENOATES IN VASCULAR TISSUE BY HPLC AND ITS RELEVANCE TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643084.

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Accumulation of lipids in the intimal arterial layer, and of cholesterol esters in particular, has been recognised as an early and prominent phenomenon in atherogenesis. Several attempts have been made to link putative peroxidation of these lipids in vivo to causal or deteriorating etiological determinants of plaque formation. The occurrence in advanced human atheromata of oxidized derivatives of cholesteryl linoleate -a major polyunsaturated cholesterol ester species in plasma and vessel wall - has been described by Brooks et al. (Atherosclerosis, 1970,13,223) and a positive correlation between the amount of cholesteryl hydroxyoctadecadienoates (CHODES) and the stage of the lesion has also been reported. In addition Funk and Powell (J. Biol. Chem., 1985,260,7481) have found hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids in normal aorta of different species, wich were strikingly increased after alkaline hydrolysis of total lipids, and this in contrast with the arachidonic acid analogs. The aim of this study was to develop a sensitive and practical method for specific assay of CHODES, without resorting to laborious saponification and derivatisation procedures required for gas chromatographic analysis, which could moreover augment the risk for artefacts.Dog thoracal aorta was homogenised and lipids were extracted using the Folch method with CHCl3/CH30H;2/l containing 0.05mM butylated hydroxytoluene. Fractionation of CHODES from neutral lipids was carried out by thin-layer chromatography. For detection and quantification a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPI/2) assay method was developed, with UV monitoring at 232nm , a wavelength characteristic for conjugated dienes with vicinal hydroxyl function. Reference compounds and the internal standard for HPLC analysis were synthesized from linoleic acid and 10,13,16-docosatrienoic acid, respectively, by preparation of hydroxy fatty acids with soybean lipoxygenase and subsequent esterification to cholesterol esters with pancreas cholesterol esterase. Confirmation of the structural identity was obtained by mass spectrometry. Artefactual formation of CHODES ex vivo was investigated by subjecting radiolabeled cholesteryl linoleate through the analysis procedure. This method allows the specific detection of CHODES in non-atherosclerotic arteries which was hitherto only reported for human advanced atherosclerotic lesions and is proposed as a sensitive and specific probe for prospective survey of lipid peroxidation in atherosclerotic blood vessels.

Reports on the topic "Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA)":

1

Du, M., and Dong U. Ahn. Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Effects Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chicks. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1041.

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Upah, Nathan, Pat Gorden, and Lance H. Baumgard. Dietary Supplementation with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) on Production, Health and Culling Parameters in Transitioning Holstein Cows. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-628.

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