Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conscience de la maladie'
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Kalenzaga, Sandrine. "Les troubles mnésiques épisodiques dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : étude des relations entre la mémoire et le soi." Poitiers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011POIT5025.
Full textEpisodic memory deficits are almost always the first cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). They often alert people around the patient at first sight. Consequences of such troubles in the AD patient’s daily life become a decisive factor when the question of the institutionalization appears. The aim of this study was first to give a cognitive and affective interpretation of the episodic impairments through the examination of the relationship between memory and self. In overall, our results confirm that AD patients experience specific difficulty accessing autonoetic consciousness, that is to say mentally bring back events of the past, whereas noetic consciousness remains well-preserved, at least until a moderate stage of the disease Those difficulties with autonoetic consciousness could explain some typical episodic memory impairments. This would unable AD patients to access images and thus would affect their capacity to monitor their plan of action. Indeed, our work reveals that the cognitive system which is responsible for the goal management, also called the working self, is impaired in AD. Then, the failing working self would bring a pathological inhibitory control on patients’ cognition which would convey a better attention to principle of coherence than to principle of correspondence. In consequence, this process would distort conscious remembering processes of personal information, thus maintaining an out-of-date self which corresponds to the well-known symptom of anosognosia in dementia. Indeed, we have put to the fore that the treatment of affective information seems to cancel the control process of the working self, leading to a spontaneous recollective experience related to the related-to-the disease self. .
Trouillet, Raphaël. "Méconnaissance des troubles dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : approche psychodynamique et neuropsychologique." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30080.
Full textThis study was designed to investigate links between denial and deficits unawareness in Alzheimer's disease. Neurological theories understand unawareness as the output of severity and location of brain lesions (anosognosia). Cognitive neuropsychology describes numerous models (specific deficits / global models of consciousness). For psychodynamic, unawareness is a consequence of psychological defense mechanisms (denial). However, many of these concepts are used disregard their specific interpretations and theoretical backgrounds. This confusion is underpinned by the numerous rating methods varying according to the insight dimensions evaluated. Our results strengthen the clinical and theoretical interest of dividing insight in different dimensions, and they suggest 1) different correlations, between neuropsychological and psychodynamic dimensions, following insight dimensions and status (patients vs caregivers), 2) the understood of unawareness as disruption of emergent consciousness mechanisms in the aim of an adaptation attempt
Mayelle, Amandine. "Variabilité inter et intra individuelle de la conscience des troubles et de soi dans la maladie d'Alzheimer." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H013.
Full textContext: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is affecting a growing number of persons. AD is gradually influencing every spheres of the elderly’ daily life. In the realm of research and care, a major issue is the understanding of the awareness of disease (i.e., the ability of the person to be aware of the disease and its daily life consequences).Objective: The aim of this thesis is to understand the inter- and intra-individual variability of awareness in people with AD (PwAD). First, we want to restore a central place to the PwAD’ discourses. Through these discourses, we want then to understand the phenomenon of awareness in its entirety, from its arising to its verbal expression. Finally, we want to observe and model the potential weekly fluctuations of awareness.Method: A first sample of 46 PwAD living in institutions or cared for in geriatric care units has been recruited. They participated in a prediction-performance paradigm and in a semi-structured interview to meet the objective of overall understanding of awareness of disease. A second sample is composed of 28 PwAD, all residents of nursing homes. They participated in four biweekly semi-directive interviews. This sample makes it possible to go back to the people's discourse and to observe the potential fluctuations.Results: The awareness of disease can be assess through the PwADs’ discourse. This approach has been psychometrically validated, and referred to as the Awareness of Self and Disease Assessment. In addition, by comparing this scale to a more classical one, it is possible to observe close links between objects and processes (i.e., mechanisms and modes of expression) that compose the awareness of disease. Through these links, we hypothesize that the awareness of disease is intertwined with awareness of self and identity. The awareness of disease inter-individual variability has been observed through five different profiles, characterized by the use of different mechanisms, modes of expression and objects of awareness. Finally, these awareness profiles were observed to fluctuate over a two-week period, illustrating the intra-individual variability of the phenomenon.Conclusions: Returning to the experience of PwAD, we made progress in understanding the variability and the temporal structure of awareness. It seems necessary for future work to broaden this understanding to the influence by and on the PwAD relatives (i.e., informal and formal caregivers)
La, Corte Valentina. "Systèmes de mémoire et distorsions mnésiques : approches neuropsychologique et neurophysiologique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00831606.
Full textTannier, Christian. "La conscience à l'épreuve des maladies neurologiques : un défi éthique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01004406.
Full textNormand, Claire. "Conscience du trouble chez le malade psychiatrique (insight, attente et engagement therapeutiques, compliance au traitement) : échantillon de 61 cas, dont 52 deprimes, hospitalisés volontairement en psychiatrie." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23061.
Full textFaugeras, Frédéric. "Recherche de signes de conscience chez des malades non communicants : une approche clinique et électrophysiologique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066323/document.
Full textUnderstanding the neurophysiological mechanisms and neural bases of consciousness is a major scientific and medical challenge. To do this, one has to distinguish neural mechanisms of conscious state from those subserving conscious access to a given mental state (that is awareness). Experimental data having contrasted conscious / non conscious state (coma, sleep, sedation) on the one hand, and conscious/ unconscious processing of a very same stimulus on the other hand are in favour of the implication of a network of lateral and medial frontal and parietal areas in both conscious state and conscious access. The comparison of conscious/ non conscious state is unfortunately limited by arousal difference between these two states. So, we endeavoured to overcome this problem by exploring two categories of patients with a same level of arousal but a different state of awareness: unaware awaked patients (vegetative state) versus awaked and minimally conscious patients (minimally conscious state). Our results obtained by using high-density auditory event related potentials argue in favour of the implication of the very same network of frontal and parietal areas than the one described above in both conscious state and conscious access to a given information. This network activation is associated with the emergence of a P300b wave, on event related potentials, which seems to be a very specific marker of consciousness. Our work also give us the opportunity to discover a potential new marker of consciousness, namely the contingent negative variation (CNV)
Morin-Alain, Valérie, and Valérie Morin-Alain. "Effets d'une intervention basée sur la pleine conscience sur l'inflammation périphérique de personnes âgées avec un trouble cognitif léger." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37113.
Full textLa maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) est une pathologie neurodégénérative invalidante à laquelle est associé un lourd fardeau économique et social. Pour l’instant, les traitements pharmacologiques disponibles ne sont pas en mesure d’arrêter définitivement ou d’altérer la progression de cette maladie. La prévention est une alternative intéressante puisque la MA évolue sur plusieurs années et serait attribuable à des facteurs de risque modifiables (ex : détresse psychologique, hypertension, tabagisme, inflammation périphérique, etc.) dans le tiers des cas. Parmi ces facteurs, l’inflammation périphérique est d’une importance cruciale puisqu’elle fait partie intégrante de la cascade pathophysiologique de la MA et se manifeste en conjonction avec d’autres facteurs de risque tels la dépression, l’anxiété, l’obésité et le tabagisme. De plus, des anomalies au plan inflammatoire sont détectables dès la phase prodromique de la MA, soit le trouble cognitif léger (TCL). Puisque les interventions basées sur la pleine conscience (IBPC) exerceraient un effet régulateur sur le profil inflammatoire périphérique chez diverses populations cliniques, elles semblent prometteuses pour des individus atteints d’un TCL. Ce mémoire doctoral avait comme objectif principal d’évaluer les effets d’une IBPC sur le profil inflammatoire périphérique de personnes âgées atteintes d’un TCL comparativement à une intervention contrôle basée sur la psychoéducation (IBPE). Le projet avait aussi comme but secondaire d’investiguer les mécanismes d’action de l’IBPC en étudiant la relation entre les paramètres inflammatoires et la symptomatologie dépressive. Les résultats suggèrent des altérations du profil inflammatoire potentiellement bénéfiques à la suite de l’IBPC, alors qu’aucune tendance ne fut identifiée pour l’IBPE. Concernant le second objectif, aucune association n’a été identifiée entre la symptomatologie dépressive et l’inflammation périphérique. L’IBPC aurait donc possiblement des effets physiologiques sur un des facteurs de risque central à la MA, l’inflammation périphérique. Cette forme d’intervention aurait avantage à être investiguée plus en profondeur dans un contexte de prévention de la MA.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an extremely invalidating condition with considerable economic and social burden. The pharmacological agents currently available are unable to stop or alter the disease’s progression. Prevention is a promising alternative since AD progresses over many years and one-third of all cases are due to modifiable risk factors such as psychological distress, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and peripheral inflammation. Amongst these risk factors, peripheral inflammation is of crucial importance since it is involved in the pathophysiological cascades of AD and appears in conjunction with many of its risk factors including depression, anxiety, smoking, and obesity. Furthermore, anomalies in peripheral inflammatory profiles can be found as early as during the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage, which corresponds to the prodromal phase of AD in several individuals. Since, mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have normalizing effects on peripheral profiles of different populations, this approach is promising for individuals with MCI. The main objective of this doctoral dissertation was to evaluate the effects of a MBI, as compared to a psychoeducation-based intervention (PBI), on the peripheral inflammatory profiles of elderly participants with MCI. As a secondary objective, the present research work also aimed at investigating the action mechanisms of MBI by testing the relation between inflammatory parameters and depressive symptomatology. Results suggested potentially beneficial alterations of the inflammatory profiles following a MBI, whereas no particular tendency was found in the PBI group. Regarding the secondary objective, no association was found between inflammatory parameters and depressive symptomatology. Thus, MBI might exerts physiological effects on a central risk factor of AD, that is peripheral inflammation. Further studies are necessary to investigate the prospect of MBIs as part of an AD prevention strategy.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an extremely invalidating condition with considerable economic and social burden. The pharmacological agents currently available are unable to stop or alter the disease’s progression. Prevention is a promising alternative since AD progresses over many years and one-third of all cases are due to modifiable risk factors such as psychological distress, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and peripheral inflammation. Amongst these risk factors, peripheral inflammation is of crucial importance since it is involved in the pathophysiological cascades of AD and appears in conjunction with many of its risk factors including depression, anxiety, smoking, and obesity. Furthermore, anomalies in peripheral inflammatory profiles can be found as early as during the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage, which corresponds to the prodromal phase of AD in several individuals. Since, mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have normalizing effects on peripheral profiles of different populations, this approach is promising for individuals with MCI. The main objective of this doctoral dissertation was to evaluate the effects of a MBI, as compared to a psychoeducation-based intervention (PBI), on the peripheral inflammatory profiles of elderly participants with MCI. As a secondary objective, the present research work also aimed at investigating the action mechanisms of MBI by testing the relation between inflammatory parameters and depressive symptomatology. Results suggested potentially beneficial alterations of the inflammatory profiles following a MBI, whereas no particular tendency was found in the PBI group. Regarding the secondary objective, no association was found between inflammatory parameters and depressive symptomatology. Thus, MBI might exerts physiological effects on a central risk factor of AD, that is peripheral inflammation. Further studies are necessary to investigate the prospect of MBIs as part of an AD prevention strategy.
Lefebvre, des Noettes Véronique. "Le sentiment d'exister des malades d'Alzheimer : esprit es-tu là?" Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0053.
Full textThe philosophy says Pascal would not be worth even a sentence of time if it made the least tragic life. What could be more tragic than Alzheimer's disease? For this neurodegenerative disease will alter identity sedimented from birth that is fading to the point of not recognizing familiar faces, not to be able to perform simple gestures, to get lost in familiar places, and not being able to speak, to express emotions, out of the human world to take root in the plant world. How to query the sense of existence? How to reveal the breath of the spirit which still murmur and until the end. To feel alive must we do to be able to listen to oneself, not only feel emotions, but analyze, communicate and meta-communicate; but when it comes to Alzheimer's patients that is it because they are de-mens? What makes sense it is precisely the senses and emotions. For the spirit is manifest we will take short cuts in this sensory solicitation: the taste will be awakened by the taste of others, by touching this gnarled hand in our and touch the heart, view the look and self-perception, smell the scents in the memory, hearing by sounds, cries, speech, prosody and music that rocks the sorrows and that move us. So many questions that ethical issues of daily life: Spirit who are you? Spirit are you there in these words stumble? In those flashes of humor in these dreams? Esprit are you here in this body also disintegrates? This being precarious, fragile and vulnerable challenge the limits, borders, the borders between the de-mens-madness and degenerative dementia, philosophy, anthropology and humanities and three medical specialties such as psychiatry, neurology and geriatrics. It is in this imperfect weaving in this work balancing questioner, edges of otherness that we will develop our confines of ontology concept. Rich those shares that come to question the bonds of spirit and soul, body and flesh, our job offer, like Kant's philosophical anthropology of patients with Alzheimer's disease and attempt to answer these four questions: What do I know? What can I do and how to do? What may I hope? Starting from what we perceive but also that "we see" conceptualiserons us an ethical perceptions of small repeating here the theories of Leibniz which grants the human 'potentiality of reason, some reason intermittently, one reason to eclipse "that can be found in Alzheimer's patients, so that it is imperceptible to most men.So mind are you there? The answer springs full of surprises and joy in these pages
Bielle-Lecat, Chantal. "Tabagisme passif : évaluation de la prise de conscience des parents d'enfants de moins de six ans." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M110.
Full textPotherat, Fabienne. ""Dieu(x) et l'Un conscient" : une approche de la maladie mentale en art." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30066.
Full textNon communiqué
Guillemain, Hervé. "Les directions de la conscience : histoire sociale et culturelle des maladies psychiques et des pratiques thérapeutiques en France (1830-1939)." Paris 12, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA120019.
Full textFrom the Nineteenth-century to 1930, psychological treatments were carried out by administering spiritual advices to the patients. The thesis deals with the religious aspects of those medical treatments : psychotherapy, hypnotism and moral treatment. It ambraces a nex field study located at the crossroad of the religious, medical history and psychological history. Focused on the study of medical practices and on the ever changing notion of mental illness, it follows two guidelines, namely : possession and exorcism. A chronological approach has been selected and within three main periods, the following work aims at comparing medical treatments from a religious and a non-religious perspective. It also describes the confrontations which took place between practitioners, priest and doctors. One has to wait the emergence of psychoanalytical practices, a real watershed in that regard, to see the decline of Christian influence on medical practices, which in turn had a counter effect on theology, religious rites and contributed to the birth of the Christian doctor
Khalid, Mohamed Hervé Jérôme. "Intérêt de la lactatémie dans la démarche diagnostique des crises convulsives généralisées des patients consultant au service d'accueil des urgences pour malaise avec perte de connaissance." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2005. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0234921.pdf.
Full textGiguère-Rancourt, Ariane. ""Goal Management Training" : effets d'un programme d'entraînement des fonctions exécutives chez des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson idiopathique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69591.
Full textParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by resting tremor and rigidity. In addition to these motor symptoms of PD, other non-motor symptoms occur, such as cognitive deficits. Approximately 30% of PD patients develop Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with executive dysfunction, that is, difficulties in executive functions. These functions are the ability to organize and coordinate thoughts, goal directed behaviors and to regulate emotions. Few treatments are actually available specifically for cognitive impairment in PD patients. Since medication development can take several years and cause adverse side effects, other non-pharmacological treatments may be useful in helping patients with PD-MCI. This thesis aims to evaluate two non-pharmacological approaches (cognitive training and psychoeducation), which were adapted to patients with PD-MCI. In order to meet certain limitations of previous studies, the Goal Management Training (GMT) training program was chosen for administration to PD-MCI patients with executive dysfunction. Another program was developed in form of psychoeducation on PD and various symptoms, coupled with mindfulness exercises. The first study intended to adapt the GMT program to PD-MCI population. With a multi baseline case study in a first patient, safety and acceptability were verified on several parameters (fatigue, psychological and behavioral symptoms, changes in medication or dosage and caregiver burden). The results show that GMT is safe and acceptable. In addition, it improves concerns about executive functions. The second study assessed the effects of the two programs (executive functions, quality of life, overall cognition) with a randomized - control study. Six patients received the adapted GMT, and six others received the combination of psychoeducation and mindfulness. The programs were administered at the home of each participant in the presence of the caregiver, in five sessions of 60-75 minutes, over five weeks. Various follow-up measures were taken at one, four and 12 weeks after the end of the intervention. The results show that both programs improved concerns about executive functions. They also reduced the number of errors made in an executive functions task, with a non-significant trend towards greater improvement in the GMT group. After four weeks, the group combining psychoeducation and mindfulness saw an improvement in quality of life, whereas scores of the GMT group were maintained. This study shows the interest of non-pharmacological approaches. Each program has its advantages and limitations depending on the profile of each participant. The third study aimed to include caregiver's data. During the second study, the caregivers of each participant answered questionnaires on the feelings of burden and distress. First, all data from the baseline, before randomization and interventions, were combined. The associations between clinical variables and variables in caregivers were assessed with a correlation matrix. Secondly, the effects of the two interventions were specifically evaluated on caregiver's measures. The results show there was no deterioration in feelings of burden and distress among caregivers for any of the groups, even if they had to invest time during the interventions. This study showed the importance of involving caregivers in the therapeutic process of PD-MCI patients. This thesis has shown the potential of two non-pharmacological approaches to improve concerns of patients with cognitive disorders. The three studies show limits, as well as strengths. Different theoretical and clinical recommendations regarding the intervention in people with PD-MCI can be considered.
Jaïs, Eric. "La conscience du trouble : évolution du concept en psychiatrie et étude clinique : sur 126 malades hospitalisés en psychiatrie." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23033.
Full textBaltazar, Matias. "Contact par le regard et processus de référence à soi : mécanismes cognitifs et enjeu thérapeutique." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080116.
Full textEye contact is known to have diverse effects on human cognition and behaviour. It stimulates memory for faces, promotes prosocial actions and increases positive appraisal of others. This thesis aims at better characterizing the mechanisms underlying the eye contact effects and investigating their therapeutic potential. The exhaustive review of the eye contact effects leads us to the proposal that these effects are by-products of self-referential processing evoked by eye contact, i.e. a cognitive mechanism designed to attribute personal meaning to stimuli. In line with this view, we demonstrated that eye contact enhances interoceptive self-awareness (Experiment 1). Results obtained using brain imagery (Experiment 2) strongly suggest that this effect is indeed subtended by self-referential processing. Moreover, we explicitly emphasize that the eye contact effects reflect positive impacts on human cognition, and as such may open new ways of improving the quality of life in individuals with various conditions where the mechanisms improved by eye contact are precisely impaired. In line with this proposal, we demonstrated that the effects of eye contact on memory for faces and on other’s appraisal are preserved in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (Experiment 3). Therefore, these effects may be used to enhance the quality of their social exchanges
Nizzi, Marie-Christine. "Le Propre et l'Etranger : le concept d'identité vécue en première personne." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598343.
Full textRaimondo, Federico. "Normalisation et automatisation du diagnostic des patients atteints de troubles de la conscience : une approche par apprentissage automatique appliquée aux signaux électrophysiologiques du cerveau et du corps." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS321.
Full textAdvances in modern medicine have led to an increase of patients diagnosed with disorders of consciousness (DOC). In these conditions, patients are awake, but without behavioural signs of awareness. An accurate evaluation of DOC patients has medico-ethical and societal implications, and it is of crucial importance because it typically informs prognosis. Misdiagnosis of patients, however, is a major concern in clinics due to intrinsic limitations of behavioural tools. One accessible assisting methodology for clinicians is electroencephalography (EEG). In a previous study, we introduced the use of EEG-extracted markers and machine learning as a tool for the diagnosis of DOC patients. In this work, we developed an automated analysis tool, and analysed the applicability and limitations of this method. Additionally, we proposed two approaches to enhance the accuracy of this method: (1) the use of multiple stimulation modalities to include neural correlates of multisensory integration and (2) the analysis of consciousness-mediated modulations of cardiac activity. Our results exceed the current state of knowledge in two dimensions. Clinically, we found that the method can be used in heterogeneous contexts, confirming the utility of machine learning as an automated tool for clinical diagnosis. Scientifically, our results highlight that brain-body interactions might be the fundamental mechanism to support the fusion of multiple senses into a unique percept, leading to the emergence of consciousness. Taken together, this work illustrates the importance of machine learning to individualised clinical assessment, and paves the way for inclusion of bodily functions when quantifying global states of consciousness
Avances en la medicina moderna han llevado a un incremento en el número de pacientes diagnosticados con desordenes de consciencia (DOC). En estas condiciones, los pacientes se encuentran despiertos, pero no muestran signos de entendimiento acerca de si mismos o el lugar donde se encuentran. Una evaluación precisa de los pacientes tiene implicaciones medico-éticas y sociales, y es de suma importancia porque típicamente informa el pronós- tico. Los diagnósticos erróneos, no obstante, es una gran preocupación en las clínicas debido a las limitaciones intrínsecas de las herramientas de diagnostico basados en comportamiento. Una tecnología accesible para asistir a los médicos es la electroencefalografía (EEG). In un estudio previo, introducimos el uso de marcadores extraídos de EEG en combinación con aprendizaje automático como una herramienta para el diagnostico de pacientes DOC. En este trabajo, desarrollamos una herramienta de análisis automatizado, y analizamos la aplicabil- idad y limitaciones de este método. Adicionalmente, proponemos dos enfoques para incre- mentar la precision del diagnóstico: (1) el uso de múltiples modalidades de estimulación para incluir los correlatos neuronales de la integración multisensorial y (2) el análisis de las mod- ulaciones de la actividad cardíaca mediadas por la conciencia. Nuestros resultados exceden el conocimiento actual en dos dimensiones. Clínicamente, encontramos que el método puede ser utilizada en contextos heterogéneos, confirmando la utilidad del aprendizaje automático como una herramientas para el diagnóstico clínico. Científicamente, nuestros resultados re- saltan que las interacciones entre el cerebro y el cuerpo pueden ser el mecanismo funda- mental para sostener la fusión de multiples sentidos en una única percepción, conduciendo a la emergencia de la consciencia. En conjunto, este trabajo ilustra la importancia del apren- dizaje automático para la evaluación clínica individualizada, y crea un punto de partida para la inclusión de las funciones corporales en la cuantificación de los estados de conciencia globales
Santos, Yara Magalhães dos. "Do mal-estar docente de professores do ensino médio: contribuições de Nietzsche e Freud." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2944.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
This study proposes a research about teacher malaise, including it as part of a larger social and cultural phenomenon present in all contemporary western society, but that wins peculiar characteristics in the practice of teaching. Specifically, the study has as its object of investigation the malaise of high school teachers of Uberlândia-MG, seeking to answer to the research problem, and thus understand the reasons of the malaise of this group of teachers. Therefore, it was held, in addition to bibliographical research about the topic, empirical research with a qualitative approach, which relied on data from oral sources. From the interviews, we seek to give voice to the anguish that reaches teachers in professional practice, trying to understand what is found behind the typical symptoms of malaise teaching, such as apathy, discouragement, frustration, physical and psychological diseases, and other issues discussed on the script. We also seek to shed light the context of career choice, the practice of teaching and historically constructed representations of teaching. In this study, we worked with two theoretical approaches to understand the reasons of the malaise: the psychoanalysis, of Freud, and the philosophy, of Nietzsche. Besides the classic texts of the authors, we based ourselves on texts by contemporary authors, descendants of these theoretical perspectives. The referential of Freud gives us a historical and structural analysis of the malaise in humanity; while Nietzsche enables us a culturalist view of some phenomena that are shown associated with that anguish that affects many teachers. We verified that some reasons of the malaise in high school are associated to failures of the educational process as operator of interdiction of students; the degenerescence and depreciation of some values in the educational field, more specifically the values of social recognition, teacher authority, and social ascension values attributed for education, and the "place mater" of knowledge attributed to the school. These failures characterize a nihilistic experience in the Nietzschean vision of sense of orphanhood, arising from the debacle of values that guided the magisterium, besides a complex movement of self-harm and inverted valuations , interpreted as action of bad conscience. All these factors are shown up as result of impasses constituted in community living and in the regulations that seek to regulate it, being these norms conceived as a state of civilization, morality, or simply as social ethics. The research results indicate the state of passivity and hopelessness of some teachers front of these issues. Having analyzed the reasons for the malaise, the research concludes that a overrun of this state of passivity requires the decoupling of the discourse that puts the teacher as a hostage and victim of these dilemmas. The study shows, for these teachers, the need for the exercise of their desire to potency, human power affirmative. It also postulates the importance of reinventing a new ethic school that reconciles the cultural and social changes of contemporaneity to the requirements for maintenance of community life with fewer conflicts
O presente estudo propõe uma investigação sobre o mal-estar docente, compreendendo-o como parte de um fenômeno social e cultural maior presente em toda sociedade ocidental contemporânea, mas que ganha características peculiares no exercício do magistério. De forma específica, o estudo tem como objeto de investigação o mal-estar dos professores do ensino médio de Uberlândia- MG, buscando responder ao problema de pesquisa, e, assim, compreender as razões do mal-estar desse grupo de professores. Para tanto, foi realizada, além de pesquisas bibliográficas sobre o tema, pesquisa empírica com abordagem qualitativa, a qual se apoiou em dados de fontes orais. A partir das entrevistas, procuramos dar voz à angústia que atinge os professores em exercício profissional, buscando entender o que se encontra por traz de sintomas típicos do mal-estar docente, como apatia, desânimo, frustração, adoecimento físico e psíquico, além de outras questões abordadas no roteiro. Buscamos também trazer à cena o contexto da escolha profissional, do exercício do magistério e as representações da docência construídas historicamente. Neste estudo, trabalhamos com duas correntes teóricas para a compreensão das razões do mal-estar: a psicanálise, de Freud, e a filosofia, de Nietzsche. Além dos textos clássicos dos autores, apoiamo-nos em textos de autores contemporâneos, descendentes dessas correntes teóricas. O referencial de Freud nos fornece uma análise histórica e estrutural sobre o mal-estar na humanidade; enquanto o de Nietzsche nos possibilita uma visão culturalista de alguns fenômenos que se mostraram associados a essa angústia que atinge muitos docentes. Verificamos que algumas razões do mal-estar no ensino médio estão associadas às falhas do processo educacional enquanto operador de interdição dos alunos; a degenerescência e depreciação de alguns valores no campo educacional, mais especificamente dos valores de reconhecimento social, autoridade docente; e os valores de ascensão social atribuídos à educação, e de “lugar mater” do conhecimento atribuído à escola. Essas falhas caracterizam uma experiência niilista, na visão nietzschiana de sentimento de orfandade, oriundo da derrocada de valores que orientavam o magistério; além de um complexo movimento de autoagressão e valorizações invertidas, interpretados como ação da má consciência. Todos esses fatores mostram-se como sendo resultado de impasses constituídos na convivência comunitária e nas normatizações que procuram regulá-la, sejam essas normas concebidas como estado de civilização, de moral, ou simplesmente como ética social. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam o estado de passividade e desesperança de alguns professores diante dessas questões. Tendo analisado as razões do malestar, a pesquisa conclui que uma superação desse estado de passividade exige a desvinculação do discurso que coloca o docente como refém e vítima desses dilemas. O estudo aponta, para esses professores, a necessidade do exercício de sua vontade de potência, força humana afirmativa. Postula, ainda, a importância de se reinventar uma nova ética escolar, que concilie as mudanças culturais e sociais da contemporaneidade às exigências para manutenção da vida comunitária com menos conflitos.
Vivier, Christophe. "Prise en charge des pertes de connaissance brèves des personnes âgées : évaluation prospective des méthodes d'investigation, étude cas-témoins." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M063.
Full textPoitevin, Dominique. "La conscience augmentée : perception et conscience numériques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S074.
Full textProteiform and dematerialized, the digital virtual object never stops interacting with our senses and our consciousness in a relationship that is also plural. Whether it is an object of perception by the senses (in virtual reality, for example), or social (in the intentional interactions it contains), consciousness maintains a relationship with the virtual object that oscillates between enriched perception and illusion. The virtual object serves indeed, at the same time, of improved reading of the world tending towards a better comprehension of what surrounds the perceiving consciousness and of denaturation of the real in favor of illusory false pretenses which on the contrary move the consciousness away from the reality . Consciousness is thus torn between two opposing phenomena and must, in this configuration, seek a way to identify the virtual object beyond the illusion that it generates or intentional readings it proposes. The digital virtual object then generates complex relationships from consciousness to reality, both in the aspects of individual and cognitive consciousness and in consciousness immersed in society, to the point of being able to cause a phenomenon of digital servitude
Laszlo-Fenouillet, Dominique. "La conscience /." Paris : Libr. Générale de Droit et de Jurisprudence, 1993. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/272109762.pdf.
Full textEasley, Michael B. "Conscious conscience /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11627.
Full textLaszlo-Fenouillet, Dominique Cornu Gérard. "La conscience /." Paris : Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366698732.
Full textLaszlo-Fenouillet, Dominique. "La conscience." Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020088.
Full textConscience, the personnal faculty enabling to judge the morality of actions, aspires to autonomy. The existence of compulsive juridical norms sets limits to this autonomy, which implies that law renounces its competence and protects that competence. Law etablishies a liberty in religious and moral matters. This liberty first appeared in form of a general freedom granted to everyone and nowadays enjoys civil status. The law grants singular privileges: by instituting conscientious,it authorizes the individual to resist to a rule of law which is contrary to his conscience. Shouldn't the granting of such a privilege depend on the possible negative effect ot the conscientiou objections? the repercussions might be bearable if limited to a substition of debtors which protects the "rights" of those for whom the protected conscience was liable. But the law may exhibit a reservation if those repercussions mean sacrificing others. In the religious sphere the law sanctions the autonomy: full power is awarded to conscience by right of principle. Certain pressures on conscience may be admitted by law: as a protection, it lays down the heteronomy of minors; it grounds the legitimacy of certain pressures on the priority of certain other rights, a priority sometimes reinforced by obvious signs of will. Against unlawfull repressions, the law protects the conscience bu punishing the authors of these repressions, by granting amends and preventing injuries to conscience. In addition, the law protects the collective aspect of conscience and thus, the individual consciences. It may retreat b the collective norm to eventually protect what is specific of the group. But the law itself determines to what extent it then renounces its competence and also decides on solutions to an eventual conflict of norms. The legal status of conscience consists of the protection of an autonomy
Chatzipetrou, Sofia. "Conscience tragique grecque et conscience humaniste chez Albert Camus." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030144.
Full textThis thesis examines Albert Camus’ work, both fictional and dramatic, in its reception of conscience’s primary concepts as introduced by the Greek tragedy. The point is to find out how these concepts are received, transformed and finally incorporated in Camus’ literary and philosophic world.Conscience meaning the knowledge that everyone has of himself (thumós), it aims at a knowledge supposed to be shared with the others. Around the desire of existence therefore, feelings of unity and coherence, autonomy and heteronomy set up. Between introspection on one hand and opening to the world on the other, the conscience figures as a key theme for both tragic and camusian reflection. At the heart of enduring oppositions, the person must transform Destiny’s and Absurd’s blow into a productive range: thus, Requisition and Rebellion trace the way to go in order to be and remain human. From tragic « self » affirmation to the « human vocation » required by the author, conscience and identity interact and indicate the individual as the creator of meaning. Through Greek tragedy’s essential principles, Camus aims thereby at an identity which, aware of its contradictions, its rights and duties, remains consistent: the rebel’s identity
Mooney, Charles Joseph. "Newman on conscience." Thesis, [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12354442.
Full textMartino, Luiz Claudio. "Télévision et conscience." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H047.
Full textKeller, Van Slyke Paul. "City with a conscience." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22989.
Full textWood, Sarah. "Conscience in Piers Plowman." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496665.
Full textKanta, Konstantina. "Conscience phonologique et bilinguisme." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10111.
Full textEdon-Lamballe, Carole. "Conscience et responsabilité civile." Le Mans, 1999. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/1999/1999LEMA2001.pdf.
Full textLebel, Yvette. "Conscience et changement pédagogique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29227.
Full textThalabard, Emile. "L'attention et la conscience." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040265/document.
Full textThis work is a selective review of consciousness and attention studies over the last century. Itfocuses primarily on Ned Block’s ‘overflow thesis’. I argue against Block, by showing thatattention is a constitutive component of phenomenal consciousness: I defend a ‘dependency thesis’regarding attention and consciousness. This thesis is vindicated by a careful examination of Block’sempirical data, and by a criticism of his conception of content. I also tackle the issue of‘phenomenal salience’ - one of attention’s most typical effects - and provide a representationalaccount of this phenomenon: focal attention enhances the resolution of conscious content, therebylinking the phenomenal difference to a representational difference: focusing on an aspect of aperceptual scene changes what is consciously represented. This work is a first step in naturalizingthe mind; it relies heavily on the contributions of cognitive science to the study of consciousness.According to the accounts I favor, manipulations of consciousness are manipulations of attention
Uzan, Pierre. "Conscience et physique quantique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040153.
Full textThis work aims to assess the contribution of quantum physics to the understanding of the phenomenon ofconsciousness. The "classical" models of consciousness cannat deal with two important questions: (a) thesynchronisation of distant parts of the brain which seems necessary to the construction of conscious percepts;(b) the question of the explanatory gap that exists between subjective experience, which is a private feeling, andthe description of its neurophysiological correlates in the language of science, at the third persan. The quantumalternatives of current models of consciousness are systematically exposed. Vitiello's and Freeman's "dissipativemadel of the brain" seem to corroborate experimental data and could thus contribute to solve question (a). Thismadel appeals to a fundamental property of quantum field theory according to which a spontaneous symmetrybreaking in a physical system (as it happens, the breaking of the rotational symmetry of dipolar molecules of thebrain) gives rise to a collective dynamics for this system. The models, relevant to the neutra! monism conception,that have been developed by Bohm and Hiley and, more recently, by Atmanspacher and by Primas use quantumtheory for its expressive power (concepts of complementarity and entanglement) to build a unifyingrepresentation of the phenomenon of consciousness. They lead to the dissolution of the question (b) of theexplanatory gap. ln the end, we suggest to extend this mode of representation and to apply it, more generally, tothe psychosomatic domain
Glasberg, Ann-Louise. "Stress of conscience and burnout in healthcare : the danger of deadening one's conscience." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1111.
Full textBrady, Gary. "A study of ideas of the conscience in Puritan writings 1590-1640." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p036-0362.
Full textLéger, Richard J. "Le choeur: De la conscience collective à la conscience individuelle Exploration de la choralité." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27702.
Full textLindsey, David 1969. "Conscience voting In New Zealand." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/6835.
Full textEarnshaw, Felicity. "Shakespeare and freedom of conscience." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0028/NQ50152.pdf.
Full textShytov, Alexander Nikolaevich. "Conscience in making judicial decisions." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2920/.
Full textMontaclair, Alain. "Méditations les phénomènes de conscience." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599738v.
Full textMegier, Jacques. "La conscience comme auto-représentation." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0103/document.
Full textThis work illustrates a version of the self-representational theory of consciousness. If one accepts on the one hand the notion of mental states that have a given content - conscious or unconscious - and on the other hand the plausible hypothesis that the content of all mental states consists in a representation, then the problem of the manifestation of consciousness for (the content of) SOME states becomes intelligible within this frame. This problem can be understood as the research of the representational structure which gives rise to this manifestation. For some authors ( Fred Dretske, Michael Tye, and others) certain particular conditions in the direct representation of the object are sufficient, for others (particularly David Rosenthal) a meta-representation is necessary, under given conditions. However neither of those structures results sufficient to justify the demarcation between conscious and unconscious states and to characterize the phenomenality of consciousness. If one then takes seriously into account the strong intuition of self-referentiality of consciousness (already present in Aristotle - following some interpretations -, taken up again by Brentano, Sartre, and lately by Uriah Kriegel and several others) one is conducted to propose a self-representational structure for conscious mental states which involves a dual conscious intentionality targeting the object and itself at the same time. The problems of the meta-representational theory are thus resolved, but it remains to be shown that this scheme is intelligible, that the risk of infinite regress of the representing capacity of consciousness does not exist, and that strong intuitions are thus acknowledged : such as the distinction in the conscious field between foreground and background, and the link between background, or marginal consciousness, and self consciousness. Within the self-representational view, this link originates from the fact that marginal consciousness is the consciousness of the consciousness of the object, and qualifies itself as subjective consciousness, that is to say, consciousness "for me" of the object. Self consciousness is then constructed from the episodes of subjective consciousness. The relationship between conscious mental representational structures and the spatio-temporal neuronal configurations which produce them in the brain, is outside the domain of the present work, but it is necessarily present in the background, and it is considered when useful for the argument
Mannes, Alice. "La conscience en droit social." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020044/document.
Full textConsciousness can be defined as the knowledge of one’s existence and the outer world. By extension, it is someone’s clear mental picture of an actual situation and the ability of judging the morality of such a situation is called conscience. When the outer world is the work environment and when the actual situations to deal with are work-related, what could be the role of consciousness and conscience? Could they interfere with work duties or the conduct of good industrial relations? The purpose of this thesis is to study the “issues of conscience” within the corporation, in a broad sense, through the relevant stakeholders’ perspectives – including employers, administrative authorities, workers, trade unions, or even staff representatives – in order to know when individual and collective consciousness and conscience can have a legal impact. One should ask oneself about the existence of a statutory regime for those “issues of conscience” in domestic, comparative and international laws. Some manifestations of consciousness and conscience are already well known, such as whistleblowing or conscience clauses, but some others still need to be provided with a legal framework
Le, Blanc-Louvry Isabelle. "Epaisseur spatialisante de la conscience." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL006.
Full textRigo, Bernard. "Altérité polynésienne et conscience occidentale." Nouvelle Calédonie, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NCAL0008.
Full textMontaclair, Alain. "Meditations. Les phenomenes de conscience." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080091.
Full textResearch on consciousness develops nowadays in various fields and disciplines. Some, in this area, bear millenary knowledge, such as oriental mystic and shamanic traditions of central america. Others bear the question within themselves, wich appears more or less cleary, depending on periods and trends : it is the case for philosophy and psychology. Others, at last, meet, this problem at the end of a trajectory which seemed to have kept them away from it for ever - at lleast, moment arily- such is the exemplary case of astrophysics and quantic physics. In what problems do these questions take their roots ? what are the hypothesis. The assertions which drive searchers in each discipline to put on consciousness a singular look, frequently exclusive, and expressing hard to reveal paradigmatic certitudes ? this work is an approach of consciousness through the themes of mysticism religious and magical practises, astro- physics, quantic physics. Philosophy, neuropsychology, psychology, psychotherapy and humanist psychology. It includes a theoritical study led through french literature, and gives place to conclusions an hypothesis of the most recent and advanced investigations. It leans on a pratical experience, pursued in the field of the techniques of the human psyche, and non ordinary states of consciousness. It opens up on propositions concerning the general working of human psychism which can be included in the research on dreams and in a more general way in the area of psychotherapy and "personal development"
Lasvigne, Jean-Noe͏̈l. "Phénoménologie différentielle de la conscience." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX10041.
Full textThe subject is to start a process of a phenomenological nature in order : to describe the variety of ways underwhose appear the existing concrete consciences, to compare these many consciences so as to differentiate them from one to an other, to grade them by the effect that the phenomenological analysis it. Self reveal, and design like a schematic difference of the concrete consciences letting come to light an increasing result of complexities from one conscience to an other
Malm, Lauren Lynnae, and Lauren Lynnae Malm. "Hamlet, Conscience, and Free Will." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625077.
Full textBurge, John David Bryson. "Mass for prisoners of conscience." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29332.
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