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Academic literature on the topic 'Consent to treatment'

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Published: 24 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Consent to treatment"

Holden, A. C. L. "Treatment consent." British Dental Journal 215, no. 12 (December 2013): 601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.1197.

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O’Hara, Mary E. "Consent to treatment." Journal of the European Wound Management Association November 2020 21, Issue 1 Volume 21, 2020 (November 12, 2020): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35279/jewma202011.05.

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Seeking a person’s consent to treatment is, not only a legal obligation, but also enmeshed with respecting the person’s autonomy and dignity for self-determination. This article discusses the evolving concept of consent among patients requiring wound care.

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Ridley, Graham. "Consent and Treatment." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 26, no. 3 (September 1992): 516–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679209072082.

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I found Dr Wallace's letter (Journal, 1992, 26:330-33 1) most interesting. I am familiar with mental health legislation in both the English and Victorian systems, and both of these — in common, I suspect with many other such systems — have the similar problems of being unable to cater for voluntary patients willing to be in hospital but unable to give informed consent to treatment.

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Otto, S. "Consent to treatment." South African Journal of Radiology 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2002): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v6i2.1440.

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The following article serves as a guideline to the radiologist as to when, how and where consent should be obtained. It is clear that the full participation of the patient in decision-making must be obtained and that the right of the person to self-determination is of utmost importance.

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François, Irène. "Consent to treatment." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 13, no. 6 (November 2000): 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-200011000-00013.

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Rodgers, ME. "Consent to Treatment." Practice Nursing 8, no. 4 (March 4, 1997): 37–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.1997.8.4.37.

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McHale, Jean. "Consent to treatment." British Journal of Nursing 4, no. 4 (February 23, 1995): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.1995.4.4.239.

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Laugharne, J., J. Arcelsus, and A. Davies. "Consent to treatment." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 3 (September 1996): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.3.382a.

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Davies, Teifion. "Consent to treatment." Psychiatric Bulletin 21, no. 4 (April 1997): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.21.4.200.

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The legal and moral status of the concept of consent are examined. The notion of informed consent as the sole basis for acceptable treatment is found to raise moral difficulties and to have potentially damaging side-effects on the relationship between doctors and patients. It is argued that developing trust between doctor and patient is crucial to obtaining valid consent.

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Smith, David s. "Consent to Treatment." Anesthesia & Analgesia 66, no. 6 (June 1987): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-198706000-00027.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consent to treatment"

Maclean, Alasdair Rhuairidh. "Consent to medical treatment and the competent adult." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5448/.

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In this thesis I analyse the concept of consent to medical treatment. I explore its ethical basis in autonomy and examine how other principles and ethical approaches might interact with the rules derived from autonomy. I then situate the relevant ethical obligations within the context f the healthcare professional-patient relationship which subsequently allows me to develop a textured model of consent. The model is predicated on the theory that consent is a secondary right, derivative on the underlying right which it controls. By giving or withholding consent, the autonomous person determines who may justifiably infringe the primary right. Importantly, however, the context of the professional-patent relationship highlights the relevance of consent, not just as permission, but also as agreement. I subsequently utilise the model of consent to analyse the current law, which is found to be deficient. I explore the conceptual difficulties of the split regulation between the torts of battery and negligence. I examine the current standard of disclosure and conclude that while it seems to be moving towards more autonomy respecting prudent patient standard, the courts may still be affording expert witnesses too much say in determining which risks should be disclosed. Most importantly I expose the thin and unsatisfactory conception of autonomy that appears to ground the current legal approach. Some of the common law’s deficiencies lie in tort law’s focus on the outcome rather than the process of the interaction between healthcare professional and the patient. There are three responses to these deficiencies. The common law could be allowed to continue its piecemeal development. The deficiencies of the common law could be patched up by developing professional regulation, or new legislation could be drafted to deal specifically with consent to medical treatment. If there is a genuine commitment to patient autonomy and patient centred care then I submit that legislation is justified.

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McLean, Sheila Ann Manson. "Information disclosure, consent to medical treatment and the law." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298800.

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Fennel, Phil. "Treatment without consent : law, psychiatry and the treatment of mentally disordered people since 1845." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297519.

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Devereux, John Anthony. "Competence to consent to medical treatment in England and Australia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358468.

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Cai, Yinghong. "The legal rights in informed consent form for treatment in China." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38478730.

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Cai, Yinghong, and 蔡映紅. "The legal rights in informed consent form for treatment in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724347.

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Bourne, Katie. "Determining capacity to consent in people with learning disabilities." Thesis, n.p, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/.

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Wik, Michaela. "Children´s consent to medical treatment : with emphasis on essential treatments and the procedural protection of children´s rights." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-109664.

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Zale, Andrew. "PARENTAL UNDERSTANDING OF ANESTHESIA RISK FOR DENTAL TREATMENT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2697.

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Purpose: To determine which method of anesthesia risk presentation parents understand and prefer across their demographic variables Methods: As a cross-sectional study, questionnaires were distributed to 50 parents of patients (<7 years of age) in the VCU Pediatric Dental Clinic. Parents were asked of their own and their children’s demographics, previous dental and anesthesia experiences, and anesthesia understanding. Parents were then asked to rate the level of risk of several risk presentations and finally asked which method of risk presentation they most understood or preferred. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, likelihood chi square tests, and repeated measures logistic regression. Results: There was no evidence of a differential preference due to gender (P = 0.28), age (P > .9), education (P = 0.39) or whether they incorrectly answered any risk question (P > 0.7). There was some evidence that the three types were not equally preferred (likelihood ratio chi- square = 5.31, df =2, P-value = 0.0703). The best estimate is that 60% prefer charts, 34% prefer numbers, and 36% prefer activity comparisons. There was a relationship between the average relative risk of general anesthesia and age (r = –0.38, P = 0.0070). Younger individuals indicate High risk more often and older individuals indicate Low risk more often. Conclusion: There was no preference of risk presentation type due to gender, age, or education, but there was evidence that each was not equally preferred. Healthcare providers must be able to present the risk of anesthesia in multiple ways to allow for full patient understanding.

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Kane, Ingrid. "Thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke : can brain imaging and consent processes before treatment be improved?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24750.

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The general aim of my research was to work on streamlining and improving a few key areas in the care for patients with stroke, particularly those likely to be candidates for thrombolysis. I focussed on: optimising the imaging method for patient selection; assessing the availability of different imaging methods; and evaluating a range of options for obtaining consent for treatment or research in this setting. In the imaging work I discuss some aspects of the two major imaging modalities available to stroke patients – computerised tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the evidence available for the treatment of acute stroke with thrombolysis. I then explore the evidence lying behind the use of some of the advanced MR imaging modalities and how they may assist in the selection of patients for thrombolysis. Using a systematic review, I play particular attention to the evidence behind the MR perfusion diffusion mismatch theory and the interaction with thrombolysis. Having analysed the evidence available on ‘mismatch’ and thrombolysis I go on to compare the many techniques available for measuring the perfusion lesion and the problems that arise as a result of this. I move from the more complex details of specific MR techniques to the practicalities of imaging acute stroke patients with MR, dealing with a UK survey on the actual availability of MR scanners. Finally, I deal with patients who meet clinical and imaging criteria for thrombolysis who require consent. This is a stage that can cause huge delays, particularly with an acutely ill patient. The process of consent needs to begin imaging. It is a vital first step in thrombolysis because, without it, patients can not undergo the complex MR imaging techniques that are discussed in earlier chapters of the thesis.

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Books on the topic "Consent to treatment"

Union, Medical Defence. Consent to treatment. London: Medical Defence Union, 1996.

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Union, Medical Defence. Consent to treatment. London: Medical Defence Union, 1989.

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Union, Medical Defence. Consent to treatment. London: Medical Defence Union, 1997.

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Union, Medical Defence. Consent to treatment. London: Medical Defence Union, 1993.

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Union, Medical Defence. Consent to treatment. London: Medical Defence Union, 1999.

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Great Britain. Mental Health Act Commission. Consent to treatment. London: Mental Health Act Commission, 1985.

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Consent to treatment. Oxford: Radcliffe Pub., 2011.

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Davies, Rhys. Consent to medical treatment. [London]: MIND Publications, 1995.

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Law Reform Commission of Victoria. Informed consent to medical treatment. Melbourne: The Commission, 1987.

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Royal College of Radiologists. Faculty of Clinical Oncology. Patient consent to examination or treatment. London: Royal College of Radiologists, Faculty of Clinical Oncology, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Consent to treatment"

Markham, Sarah A., and Dominick Gadaleta. "Informed Consent." In Quality in Obesity Treatment, 353–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25173-4_38.

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Dimond, Bridgit. "Consent to treatment." In Legal aspects of care in the community, 30–60. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25161-2_3.

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Hutchison, Christine, and Neil Hickman. "Treatment and Consent." In Mental Health, 117–26. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-44741-8_7.

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Stauch, Marc, and Kay Wheat. "Consent to treatment." In Text, Cases and Materials on Medical Law and Ethics, 81–139. Sixth edition. | Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2019]: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315168326-3.

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Lane, Olabisi P. "Informed Consent." In Treatment of Chronic Pain Conditions, 319–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6976-0_91.

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Foubister, Nicole, and Mary Connell. "Competency to Consent to Treatment." In Handbook of Forensic Assessment, 503–19. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118093399.ch22.

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Buka, Paul. "Consent to treatment, patient autonomy." In Essential Law and Ethics in Nursing, 65–84. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge,: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429292187-5.

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Szokoloczy-Grobet, Adrienne. "Practicing Treatment with Informed Consent." In Manage or Perish?, 505–13. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4147-9_61.

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Grisso, Thomas. "Competency to Consent to Treatment." In Evaluating Competencies, 311–43. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5046-8_10.

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Gottschalk, Jack A., and Daniel P. Greenfield. "Informed Consent, Parental Consent, and the Right to Refuse Treatment." In Clinical Handbook of Adolescent Addiction, 430–37. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118340851.ch43.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consent to treatment"

Kostenko, V. H. "Verbals and verbal phrases in informed consent templates for dental treatment." In PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND TRANSLATION STUDIES: EUROPEAN POTENTIAL. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-110-7-32.

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Catalano, M., S. Belletti, E. Coazzoli, E. Gherardi, F. Lopriore, U. Russo, and A. Libretti. "TREATMENT OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE WITH ILOPROST (ZK36374)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644822.

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The action of a stable analogue of prostacyclin, Iloprost, was studied in 18 male in-patients aged 51-69 yr (mean 61±7) with peripheral vascular disease Fontaine stage lib and III who gave informed consent. Entry criteria were Fontaine stage III or II with free interval at treadmill test ≺ 100 m. (4 km/h, without slope), ankle/arm arterial pressure index (API)≺0.7 at rest. Patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction in the previous 6 mo, heart failure, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic diathesis, or kidney or liver failure were excluded. The patients underwent 3 weeks' treatment with 6-h infusion/day of placebo for week 1, Iloprost 1 ng/kg/min for week 2, and Iloprost 2 ng/kg/min for week 3. Before treatment, at the end of each treatment week, and 15, 30 and 60 days after the end of treatment we evaluated: absolute pain-free interval(APFI), relative pain-free interval (RPFI), and API. Platelet aggregation by ADP and collagen and plasma BTG and PF levels were also determined, and complete blood tests and ECG performed. All the patients showed a progressive but variable increase in RPFI and APFI at 15, 30 and 60 days compared with the valuesat baseline and the end of the week on placebo (basal vs 15, 30 and 60 days, p≺0.01 for both parameters, AN0VA BR and Tukey's test). The % variations of APFI compared with baseline were 58.7, 62 and 95.5% at 15, 30 and 60 days. No other significant variations were observed. The results obtained seem to indicate that the drug is effective since there was an increase in the pain-free interval starting from 15 days after treatment suspension which persisted at 60 days. A first hypothesis is that this could be the result of increased flow due to improved collateral circulation by a mechanism not influenced by the platelet parameters considered that merits further study.

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Киреева, Виктория, Viktoriya Kireeva, Ю. Усольцев, Yu Usolcev, Ж. Капустенская, Zh Kapustenskaya, Е. Кожевникова, et al. "Intermediate results 2016 of a search study of translational diagnostic methods Mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with chronic myocardial ischemia and/or head Brain." In Topical issues of translational medicine: a collection of articles dedicated to the 5th anniversary of the day The creation of a department for biomedical research and technology of the Irkutsk Scientific Center Siberian Branch of RAS. Москва: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/conferencearticle_58be81ec94893.

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Purpose of the study. To rate prognostic properties of changes in mitochondrial DNA concentration in the blood plasma of patients with chronic cerebral ischemia and ischemic heart disease in relation to the disease and the effectiveness of the therapy. Materials and methods. The study involved patients suffering from coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) with stable and unstable atherosclerotic plaques, who have signed informed consent to the data processing within the framework of scientific research. The patients were admitted to the hospital for examination and treatment of CHD and CCI in Cardiology and Neurology Unit of the Hospital of ISC SB RAS. The subjects underwent laboratory and instrumental examination and analysis of the level of free circulating serum mitochondrial DNA by real-time PCR (copies/ml). The examination results considered as satisfactory were compared with the mtDNA levels before and after the treatment. Results. The average value of the mtDNA levels before and after the treatment in patients of neurological and cardiological profile were significantly different: 1 093 686 copies/ml vs 418 046 copies/ml, respectively (p = 0.02). Unlike women, men mtDNA levels statistically significantly (p = 0.03) decreased after the treatment. We revealed statistically significant differences in mtDNA level indicators before and after the treatment, depending on the definition of the series (p = 0.0010) for rank test Kruskal – Wallis test. The results of the proposed research will help to identify prognostic factors of destabilization of cell damage and plaques in endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and its complications, to conduct clinical test of the method for predicting and diagnostics of cellular damage in chronic ischemia on a background of atherosclerosis.

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Lara, Édipo Giovani França, Selene Elifio Esposito, and José Claudio Casali da Rocha. "IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND BODY COMPOSITION OF WOMEN AFTER BREAST CANCER TREATMENT." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2013.

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Introduction: Much has been discussed about benefits of physical exercise in women who have ended breast cancer treatment, which includes not only the improvement of their quality of life but also a remarkable decreased risk of recurrence. To achieve these benefits, it is important that the parameters for prescribing and monitoring physical activity for this population are well defined, as well as the evaluation of factors that may interfere with the results and the adherence to physical exercises. Objectives: To assess the impact of physical exercise on physical fitness and body composition in women who have ended breast cancer curative treatment and to evaluate the impact of physical exercise on women with binge eating disorder. Methods: This prospective study included 107 women between 18 and 60 years of age shortly after the end of their curative treatment for breast cancer (surgery and/or chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy). The participants, after signing the informed consent form, were motivated to do aerobic exercises, localized muscular strength/resistance, and flexibility exercises. Intervention consisted of sets of physical exercises prescribed to all participants by a physical educator in progressive intensities and volumes over the months, according to their adaptive responses, considering individual capabilities and limitations. All participants were evaluated at entrance for cardiovascular morbidities and oriented how to exercise by their own at their homes. Evaluations including body composition, VO2max, and localized muscle resistance were performed at pre-intervention (basal), after 6 and 9 months of intervention. Results: A total of 78 (72.8%) women adhered to the training program, and 29 (27.2%) chose not to adhere. After 9 months of regular and individualized intervention, adherent women showed significantly better results in all variables of body composition and physical fitness: body mass (-4.38±3.67 kg; p0.05), as well as it was not influenced by breast cancer characteristics (e.g., histology, stage, and molecular subtypes) or treatment (i.e., mastectomy, axillary surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy; p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that individualized programs of self-training sets of physical exercises, remotely guided by a physical education professional, could improve the body composition and physical fitness of women in surveillance after breast cancer, regardless of the history of breast cancer or treatment, showing that it is possible to reduce risk factors associated with breast cancer recurrence and to contribute to a better quality of life for these women.

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Darby-Taylor, James, Fernando Luís-Ferreira, João Sarraipa, and Ricardo Jardim-Goncalves. "The Acquisition and Management of Healthcare Data, Within a Hospital Infrastructure." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24120.

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Abstract The quality of care provided to citizens by professionals and institutions depends on the quality and availability of information. Early commencement of treatment and medication, and the decisions on how to proceed, depend a lot on patients’ data in the different modalities available. It is also important to notice that large pools of data help inform health and wellbeing parameters for the largest possible community. To make that possible it is necessary both to have the best hospital practices but also to get consent and collaboration from patients. In order to accomplish such a goal, it is necessary to use practices, which adhere to legal constraints and are transparent while handling data and also to transmit those practices and protocols to professionals and patients. The present document aims to provide a framework envisaging the seamless application of the clinical procedures, following legal guidance and making the process known, secure and trustworthy. It aims to contribute to clinical practice, and clinical research, thereby contributing to big data analysis by ensuring trust and best clinical data handling.

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Sugianti, Nuraliyah. "Effect of Aloe Vera Drink on Intensity of Dysmenorrhea in Students, Tangerang, Banten." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.37.

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ABSTRACT Background: WHO reported that more than 50% of women suffered dysmenorrhea in each nation. Concerning to side effects of analgetic drugs, harmless herbal therapeutic need to be considered as alternative medicine. Besides wide use of Aloe vera as cosmetics, it was also reported as a potent analgesic. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aloe vera drink on the intensity of dysmenorrhea in students at the School of Health Sciences Yatsi, Tangerang. Subjects and Method: A quasi-experiment with one group pretest-posttest without a control group was conducted at School of Health Sciences Yatsi, Tangerang from February to March. A total of 30 female students aged 18-21 years was selected by incidental sampling, in which 5 study subjects’ unmet criteria inclusion were dropped out. The criteria inclusion were female students, unmarried, during pre-menstruation period, no recently pain reliever used, and consent to consume aloe vera drink regularly for six days. The dependent variable was the intensity of dysmenorrhea. The intensity of dysmenorrhea was measured by McGill Pain questionnaires conducted two times at three days before and day 3 of menstruation. The independent variable was aloe vera drink consumption. The data were analyzed by paired t-test. Results: The intensity of dysmenorrhea in study subjects was reduced after treatment with aloe vera drink (Mean= 1.56; SD= 0.71) than before treatment (Mean= 2.68; SD= 0.75), and it was statistically significant (p <0.001). Conclusion: Aloe vera drinks consumption reduce the intensity of dysmenorrhea. Keywords: aloe vera drink, dysmenorrhea, intensity, female adolescents Correspondence: Solihati. Nursing Program Study, School of Health Sciences Yatsi, Tangerang. Email: solyan8000@gmail.com. Mobile: 085691903637. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.37

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Gulhote, Daniela Alves, Gabriel Santaterra Barros, Mariana Suemi Sukessada, Ana Beatriz Barbosa Piffer, João Fernando Coclet Pio da Silva, Pedro Neves Fortunato, Danilo Takashi Yoshimatsu Ueno, Bruna Franchito Freire, and Hilton Mariano da Silva Junior. "Painful ophthalmoplegia due to involvement of cavernous sinus region by malignant neoplasm: report of three cases." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.621.

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Context: Intracranial tumor spread is an infrequent and late manifestation of head and neck cancers. We report three cases of painful ophthalmoplegia due to larynx and parotid neoplastic involvement. Data disclosure was authorized by the patients through an Informed Consent Form. Case reports: A 47-year-old man presents right retro- orbital pain and progressive ophthalmoplegia 5 months after resection of laryngeal spinocellular carcinoma and local radiotherapy. A 44-year-old man, 9 months after excision of spinocellular carcinoma of the larynx and subsequent radiotherapy, presents severe pain and paralysis of the left CN VI. Imaging exams showed involvement of CS. A 67-year-old woman with a tumoral mass in the left preauricular region. Biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma of the parotid gland. After total parotidectomy, the supra-omohyoid cervical ganglion was removed. Patient received radiotherapy for 3 months. Then, she presented a frontal and right temporal headache, more intense in the retro-orbital region. After one month, she developed complete CS syndrome, with the right CN VI being the first to be affected. MRI revealed an irregular enhancement lesion in right CS after contrast administration. All patients died despite treatment. Conclusions: In patients with painful ophthalmoplegia, the most common hypotheses are diabetic neuropathy and Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. CS involvement may be the first evidence of a distant head and neck disease. Despite the poor prognosis, palliative care should be considered.

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Khaled, Salma, Peter Haddad, Majid Al-Abdulla, Tarek Bellaj, Yousri Marzouk, Youssef Hasan, Ibrahim Al-Kaabi, et al. "Qatar - Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health in Pandemics (Q-LAMP)." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0287.

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Aims: Q-LAMP aims to identify risk factors and resilience factors for symptoms of psychiatric illness during the pandemic. Study strengths include the 1-year longitudinal design and the use of standardized instruments already available in English and Arabic. The results will increase understanding of the impact of the pandemic on mental health for better support of the population during the pandemic and in future epidemics. Until an effective vaccine is available or herd immunity is achieved, countries are likely to encounter repeated ‘waves’ of infection. The identification of at-risk groups for mental illness will inform the planning and delivery of individualized treatment including primary prevention. Methodology: Longitudinal online survey; SMS-based recruitment and social media platforms advertisements e.g. Facebook, Instagram; Online consent; Completion time for questionnaires: approx. 20 to 30 minute; Baseline questionnaire with follow up at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months; Study completion date: Sept. 2021. Inclusion criteria: Currently living in Qatar; Qatari residents: citizens and expatriates; Age 18 years; read Arabic or English (questionnaire and consent form available in both languages). Instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire including personal and family experience of COVID-19 infection; Standard instruments to assess psychiatric morbidity including depression, anxiety and PTSD; research team-designed instruments to assess social impact of pandemic; standard questionnaires to assess resilience, personality, loneliness, religious beliefs and social networks. Results: The analysis was based on 181 observations. Approximately, 3.5% of the sample was from the sms-recruitment method. The sample of completed surveys consisted of 65.0% females and 35.0% males. Qatari respondents comprised 27.0% of the total sample, while 52% of the sample were married, 25% had Grade 12 or lower level of educational attainment, and 46.0% were unemployed. Covid-19 appears to have affected different aspects of people’s lives from personal health to living arrangements, employment, and health of family and friends. Approximately, 41% to 55% of those who responded to the survey perceived changes in their stress levels, mental health, and loneliness to be worse than before the pandemic. Additionally, the wide availability of information about the pandemic on the internet and social media was perceived as source of pandemic-related worries among members of the public. Conclusion: The continued provision of mental health service and educational campaigns about effective stress and mental health management is warranted.

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Depieri, Lorena Dellagnesi, and Lorena Souza Viana. "Case report: Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.739.

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Introduction: Intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE) is a diameter increase and/ or a long and tortuous path in one or more Intracranial arterial. Most patients keep asymptomatic and eventually present neurological complications (ischemia, bleeding or compression of adjacent structures). At around 12% of the patients with stroke present this kind of intracranial dilated, which 80% are in the posterior cerebral circulation, mainly in basilar artery. Objective: Report an unusual case of IADE refractory to the clinical treatment. Method: The information was obtained by reviewing the medical record, after the patient’s consent. Result: Patient, 51, male, hypertensive and dyslipidemic, with abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery and an incidental diagnosis in 2015 of fusiform basilar artery aneurysm, presented in March 2020 after cervical flexion, dysarthria, horizontal diplopia when looking to the right and ptosis to the left. The computed cranial angiotomography showed a basilar artery of 1.8 cm diameter fusiform aneurysm, compressing the pons and medulla oblongata, with no signs of ischemia or bleeding. He was discharged from hospital with clopidogrel without deficits, however, after 30 days, manifested a new focal neurological deficit with spontaneous remission. During the investigation a skull resonance was presented without ischemia, transcranial doppler with circulatory delay and without embolization. In view of the recurrence, an exchange in clopidogrel for ticagrelor was decided, which was kept stable for 30 days. Conclusion: IADE may be an incidental finding or even a life-threatening illness. Thus, these cases remain a major challenge in clinical practice and in interventional radiology.

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Harenberg, I., B. Kallenbach, U. Martin, and R. Zimmermann. "RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLINDED STUDY OF NORMAL AND A LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN IN GENERAL MEDICAL PATIENTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644191.

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Low molecular weight (LMW) heparin has been proven effectively and safely at low doses with one injection per day in the postoperative medicine. This hasnot been confirmed so far in general medical patients requiring prophylaxis of thromboembolism. We report here of the results of a double blinded prospective randomized trial with normal and LMW heparin.Two hundred patients were included into the study after having given informed consent. They received 3 × 5.000 units sodium pig intestinal mucosa heparin (MW12.000) or 1 × 1.500 aPTT units (MW 3.800, Sandoz AG, Niimberg, FRG) for 10 days. The development of thromboses was screened by clinical investigation, impedance plethysmography and Doppler sonography of the femoral vein at days 1,3,5,7 and 10. The incidence of haemorrhage was assessed by clinical examination, hemoglobin and hematuria at the same time intervals and factor Xa inhibition, aPTT, thrombin inhibition, antithrombin III and thrombocyte count were measured.The following incidences occuredin the heparin / LMW heparin treated groups: clinically evident thrombosis 4 / 3 (phlebography being indicated only in 1 patient of the LMW heparin group and documenting freshthrombosis), pulmonary embolism 0 / 0, local allergy1 / 0, fatal bleeding complication 2 / 0, mortality 2 / 3 (mortality was not due to thromboembolism or treatment related complications in the LMW heparin group, one patient being antopsied). Local hematomas were 3 times more frequent in the heparin group (p <0,05).It is concluded that one daily injection of low doses of LMW heparin is as effective as normal heparin in preventing thromboembolism in hospitalized patients in general medicine.

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Reports on the topic "Consent to treatment"

Evans, S. K. HWMA/RCRA Closure Plan for the Basin Facility Basin Water Treatment System - Voluntary Consent Order NEW-CPP-016 Action Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924113.

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Tang, Liheng, Jin Xian, Ye Zhang, Changyun Zhang, Huijuan Yu, Qiwen Tan, and Xin Zhang. Efficacy of acupuncture for melasma: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0097.

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Review question / Objective: How effective is acupuncture in treating melasma compared to conventional treatment？ Condition being studied: Melasma is a common acquired hyperpigmentation of the skin. The clinical manifestations are light brown or dark brown patches symmetrically distributed on the cheeks, forehead and mandibular with different shades and unclear borders. Melasma particularly affects women during menstruation, especially in thirties and forties Asian women. The incidence of Asian women of childbearing age is as high as 30%. Current treatments for melasma include topical drugs, chemical peeling agents, laser and light treatments, and systemic drugs. Despite the strong demand for treatment, the treatment of melasma is still very challenging, the results are inconsistent, and the recurrence rate is almost constant.

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Frank, Richard, Ernst Berndt, and Alisa Busch. Quality-Constant Price Indexes for the Ongoing Treatment of Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Study. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10022.

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Tchekalarova, Jana, Tsveta Stoyanova, Rumyana Gesheva, and Milena Atanasova. Agomelatine Treatment Corrects Depressive-like Behaviour Induced by Chronic Constant Light Exposure through Modulation of Circadian Rhythm of Corticosterone Release. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.04.15.

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Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.

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Kanner, Joseph, Dennis Miller, Ido Bartov, John Kinsella, and Stella Harel. The Effect of Dietary Iron Level on Lipid Peroxidation of Muscle Food. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604282.bard.

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Biological oxidations are almost exclusively metal ion-promoted reactions and in ths respect iron, being the most abundant, is the commonly involved. The effect of dietary iron levels on pork, turkey and chick muscle lipid peroxidation and various other related compounds were evaluated. Crossbred feeder pigs were fed to market weight on corn-soy rations containing either 62, 131 or 209 ppm iron. After slaughter, the muscles were dissected, cooked and stored at 4°C. Heavily fortifying swine rations with iron (>200 ppm) increase nn-heme iron (NHI), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and decrease a-tocopherol in cooked stored pork but did not increase warmed-over aroma (WOA). NHI and TBARS were higher in cooked pork from pigs fed high-iron diets. Liver iron correlated with muscle iron. TBARS were strongly related with WOA. The role of dietary vitamin E and ascorbic acid on Fe-induced in vivo lipid peroxidation in swine was also evaluated. Moderate elevation in iron stores had a marked effect on oxidative stress, especially as indicated by liver TBARS. Supplemental vitamin E, and to a lesser extent vitamin C, protect against this oxidative stress. Unsupplementation of Fe in the regular diet of turkeys did not affect body weight, blood hemoglobin level, or iron pool in the liver or muscle. The reason being that it contained "natural" ~120 mg Fe/kg feed, and this amount is high enough to keep constant the pool of iron in the body, liver or muscle tissues. Only Fe-supplementation with high amounts of Fe (500 ppm) significantly increased turkey blood hemoglobin and total iron in the liver, in 1 out of 3 experiments, but only slightly affects iron pool in the muscles. It seems that the liver accumulates very high concentations of iron and significantly regulates iron concentration in skeletal muscles. For this reason, it was very difficult to decrease muscle stability in turkeys through a diet containing high levels of Fe-supplementation. It was shown that the significant increase in the amount of iron (total and "free") in the muscle by injections with Fe-dextran accelerated its lipid peroxidation rate and decreased its a-tocopherol concentration. The level and metabolism of iron in the muscles affects the intensity of in vivo lipid peroxidation. This process was found to ifluence the turnover and accumulation of a-tocopherol in turkey and chick muscles. Treatments which could significantly decrease the amount and metabolism of iron pool in muscle tissues (or other organs) may affect the rate of lipid peroxidation and the turnover of a-tocopherol. Several defense enzymes were determined and found in the turkey muscle, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase was more active in muscles with a high trend of lipid peroxidation, lmore so in drumsticks than in breast muscles, or muscles with a low a-tocopherol content. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased several fold in muscle stored at 4°C. Our work demonstrated that it will be much more practical to increase the stability of muscle tissues in swine, turkeys and chickens during storage and processing by increasing the amount of vitamin E in the diet than by withdrawing iron supplementation.

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Brosh, Arieh, David Robertshaw, Yoav Aharoni, Zvi Holzer, Mario Gutman, and Amichai Arieli. Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Free Living and Growing Domesticated Ruminants by Heart Rate Measurement. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580685.bard.

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Research objectives were: 1) To study the effect of diet energy density, level of exercise, thermal conditions and reproductive state on cardiovascular function as it relates to oxygen (O2) mobilization. 2) To validate the use of heart rate (HR) to predict energy expenditure (EE) of ruminants, by measuring and calculating the energy balance components at different productive and reproductive states. 3) To validate the use of HR to identify changes in the metabolizable energy (ME) and ME intake (MEI) of grazing ruminants. Background: The development of an effective method for the measurement of EE is essential for understanding the management of both grazing and confined feedlot animals. The use of HR as a method of estimating EE in free-ranging large ruminants has been limited by the availability of suitable field monitoring equipment and by the absence of empirical understanding of the relationship between cardiac function and metabolic rate. Recent developments in microelectronics provide a good opportunity to use small HR devices to monitor free-range animals. The estimation of O2 uptake (VO2) of animals from their HR has to be based upon a consistent relationship between HR and VO2. The question as to whether, or to what extent, feeding level, environmental conditions and reproductive state affect such a relationship is still unanswered. Studies on the basic physiology of O2 mobilization (in USA) and field and feedlot-based investigations (in Israel) covered a , variety of conditions in order to investigate the possibilities of using HR to estimate EE. In USA the physiological studies conducted using animals with implanted flow probes, show that: I) although stroke volume decreases during intense exercise, VO2 per one heart beat per kgBW0.75 (O2 Pulse, O2P) actually increases and measurement of EE by HR and constant O2P may underestimate VO2unless the slope of the regression relating to heart rate and VO2 is also determined, 2) alterations in VO2 associated with the level of feeding and the effects of feeding itself have no effect on O2P, 3) both pregnancy and lactation may increase blood volume, especially lactation; but they have no effect on O2P, 4) ambient temperature in the range of 15 to 25°C in the resting animal has no effect on O2P, and 5) severe heat stress, induced by exercise, elevates body temperature to a sufficient extent that 14% of cardiac output may be required to dissipate the heat generated by exercise rather than for O2 transport. However, this is an unusual situation and its affect on EE estimation in a freely grazing animal, especially when heart rate is monitored over several days, is minor. In Israel three experiments were carried out in the hot summer to define changes in O2P attributable to changes in the time of day or In the heat load. The animals used were lambs and young calves in the growing phase and highly yielding dairy cows. In the growing animals the time of day, or the heat load, affected HR and VO2, but had no effect on O2P. On the other hand, the O2P measured in lactating cows was affected by the heat load; this is similar to the finding in the USA study of sheep. Energy balance trials were conducted to compare MEI recovery by the retained energy (RE) and by EE as measured by HR and O2P. The trial hypothesis was that if HR reliably estimated EE, the MEI proportion to (EE+RE) would not be significantly different from 1.0. Beef cows along a year of their reproductive cycle and growing lambs were used. The MEI recoveries of both trials were not significantly different from 1.0, 1.062+0.026 and 0.957+0.024 respectively. The cows' reproductive state did not affect the O2P, which is similar to the finding in the USA study. Pasture ME content and animal variables such as HR, VO2, O2P and EE of cows on grazing and in confinement were measured throughout three years under twenty-nine combinations of herbage quality and cows' reproductive state. In twelve grazing states, individual faecal output (FO) was measured and MEI was calculated. Regression analyses of the EE and RE dependent on MEI were highly significant (P<0.001). The predicted values of EE at zero intake (78 kcal/kgBW0.75), were similar to those estimated by NRC (1984). The EE at maintenance condition of the grazing cows (EE=MEI, 125 kcal/kgBW0.75) which are in the range of 96.1 to 125.5 as presented by NRC (1996 pp 6-7) for beef cows. Average daily HR and EE were significantly increased by lactation, P<0.001 and P<0.02 respectively. Grazing ME significantly increased HR and EE, P<0.001 and P<0.00l respectively. In contradiction to the finding in confined ewes and cows, the O2P of the grazing cows was significantly affected by the combined treatments (P<0.00l ); this effect was significantly related to the diet ME (P<0.00l ) and consequently to the MEI (P<0.03). Grazing significantly increased O2P compared to confinement. So, when EE of grazing animals during a certain season of the year is estimated using the HR method, the O2P must be re measured whenever grazing ME changes. A high correlation (R2>0.96) of group average EE and of HR dependency on MEI was also found in confined cows, which were fed six different diets and in growing lambs on three diets. In conclusion, the studies conducted in USA and in Israel investigated in depth the physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular and O2 mobilization, and went on to investigate a wide variety of ruminant species, ages, reproductive states, diets ME, time of intake and time of day, and compared these variables under grazing and confinement conditions. From these combined studies we can conclude that EE can be determined from HR measurements during several days, multiplied by O2P measured over a short period of time (10-15 min). The study showed that RE could be determined during the growing phase without slaughtering. In the near future the development microelectronic devices will enable wide use of the HR method to determine EE and energy balance. It will open new scopes of physiological and agricultural research with minimizes strain on animals. The method also has a high potential as a tool for herd management.

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Meeting the sexual health needs of men who have sex with men in Senegal. Population Council, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2002.1005.

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Research conducted in many countries has highlighted the vulnerability of men who have sex with men (MSM) to HIV and other STIs. Yet in Africa, they receive little attention in HIV/AIDS programming and service delivery because of widespread denial and stigmatization of homosexual behavior. In Senegal, a study conducted by researchers from the National AIDS Control Program, Cheikh Anta Diop University, and the Horizons Program has provided valuable information about the needs, behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes of MSM that has important implications for program managers and policymakers working to stem the spread of HIV/AIDS. The researchers used ethnographic and survey methods to elicit information from MSM 18 years of age or older from several neighborhoods in Dakar. As noted in this brief, the research team examined their own preconceived notions about sexuality, working through prejudices and taboos, and stressing the importance of maintaining the confidentiality of informants. All interviews were anonymous and informants were asked to provide oral informed consent. Informants received a small stipend to cover travel costs, information on STIs and HIV/AIDS, and a referral for a free medical consultation and treatment.

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