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Journal articles on the topic 'Conservation of natural resources – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Chigonda, Tanyaradzwa. "More than Just Story Telling: A Review of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilisation from Precolonial to Postcolonial Zimbabwe." Scientifica 2018 (August 19, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6214318.

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Access to natural resources has changed over the years in Zimbabwe. At least three broad periods of biodiversity conservation, utilisation, and access can be identified in the country, namely, the precolonial, colonial, and postindependence periods. This paper reviews the relationships between human livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in the rural areas of Zimbabwe during these periods and is informed by an extensive review of the relevant literature. A combination of historical narrative, thematic, and content analysis was used in analysing the various documents into meaningful information addressing the objective of the study. Traditional societies in precolonial Zimbabwe had access to abundant natural resources. However, access to these resources was not uncontrolled, but was limited by traditional beliefs, taboos, and customs enforced through community leadership structures. The advent of colonialism in the late 19th century dispossessed indigenous African communities of natural resources through command-type conservation legislation. At independence in 1980, the new majority government sought to redress the natural resource ownership imbalances created during colonialism, culminating in some significant measure of devolution in natural resource management to local communities in the late 1980s, though such devolution has been criticised for being incomplete. An accelerated land reform exercise since the year 2000 has adversely affected biodiversity conservation activities in the country, including the conservation-related livelihood benefits derived from protected areas. The review paper highlights the need for a more complete devolution of natural resource ownership and management down to the grassroots levels in the communal areas, if social and ecological sustainability is to be fully realised in these areas. On the other hand, the disruption of conservation activities in the country due to the ill-planned accelerated land reform exercise that has demarcated land for arable farming in some of the protected areas should be held in check as a matter of urgency.

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2

Mashapa, Clayton, Patience Zisadza-Gandiwa, Elias Libombo, Patience Mhuriro-Mashapa, Never Muboko, and Edson Gandiwa. "An Assessment of Women Participation in Community-Based Natural Resource Conservation in Southeast Zimbabwe." Open Journal of Ecology 10, no. 04 (2020): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2020.104013.

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3

Lavoie, Maxime, Aurélie Renard, Justin A. Pitt, and Serge Larivière. "Vulpes chama (Carnivora: Canidae)." Mammalian Species 51, no. 972 (July 5, 2019): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/sez002.

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Abstract Vulpes chama (Smith, 1833), commonly called the Cape fox, is 1 of 11 species of Vulpes. It is the only species of Vulpes occurring in southern Africa, and is endemic to that region. It occurs in southern Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and southwestern Zimbabwe. V. chama is a slender-built fox and its pelage is silvery gray throughout, back of pinna is tawny, and white hairs occur in the front along pinna edge. It tends to occupy arid and semiarid open habitats and feeds mainly on small mammals and insects, but also consumes birds, small reptiles, and fruits. V. chama is not of conservation concern and is listed as “Least Concern” by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.

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Njaya, Tavonga, and Nelson Mazuru. "Emerging New Farming Practices and their Impact on the Management of Woodlots in A1 Resettlement Areas of Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe." Asian Development Policy Review 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.107.2014.21.1.19.

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The study reflected on the impact of new farming methods on the management of woodlots in A1 resettlement areas in Mashonaland Central Province in Zimbabwe. Data for the study were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observations and documentary review so as to triangulate the evidence. A structured household questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic and production data pertaining to A1 farms. The study revealed that the use of wood fuel in tobacco curing has contributed to the destruction of woodlots. Meanwhile, there is a gradual breakdown of local systems for natural resource management and the dearth of any emerging alternative institutions. The study recommended the integration of positive elements of traditional institutional set up of local communities to ensure sustainable use of natural resources and continued livelihood streams. The government should provide and empower A1 farmers with expertise on extension methods that focus on conservation and agricultural technologies that are environmentally friendly.

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5

Utete, Beaven, Tamuka Nhiwatiwa, Blessing Kavhu, Samuel Kusangaya, Nyashadzashe Viriri, Accurate W. Mbauya, and Joshua Tsamba. "Assessment of water levels and the effects of climatic factors and catchment dynamics in a shallow subtropical reservoir, Manjirenji Dam, Zimbabwe." Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, no. 3 (March 2, 2018): 580–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.134.

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Abstract Natural water level fluctuations have associated effects on water quality and resident aquatic communities, although their impacts are magnified if the dams have other non-seasonal designated multiple uses. Research demonstrates that excessive water level fluctuations impair ecosystem functioning, ultimately leading to shifts between clear-water and turbid states in shallow lakes. However, these data lack for Manjirenji Dam in Zimbabwe, thus hampering efforts towards effective freshwater resources management in the shallow reservoir. This study analyzed water levels and their fluctuations, and assessed the effects of climatic factors and catchment dynamics using a combination of historical and remote sensed data for the shallow Manjirenji Dam in Zimbabwe. Time series and multiple regression analysis were used to determine water level trends, and the influence of catchment and climatic components in Manjirenji Dam. Lake levels have increased since construction, though their non-significant seasonal variation in the Manjirenji Dam reflects the overlapping effects of catchment and climatic variables. Despite the inferred high stability and resilience, the high fluctuation widths expose the dam to hydrodynamic and climate shocks which have major ecological and conservation implications. A climate change based integrated water resources management approach is necessary for sustainable water resources utilisation in the Manjirenji Dam.

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6

Musakwa, Walter, Ephraim Mpofu, and Nesisa Analisa Nyathi. "Local Community Perceptions on Landscape Change, Ecosystem Services, Climate Change, and Livelihoods in Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 5, 2020): 4610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114610.

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Understanding humanity’s relationship with nature is crucial for the well-being and sustainable development of mankind in the face of global environmental change. Communities depend on landscapes for survival and landscapes determine if sustainable development is to be achieved. The links between landscapes, ecosystem services, livelihoods, and climate change are often complex, misunderstood, and barely studied in rural areas of Africa, where communities live side-by-side with conservation areas. Our study surveyed the perception of the nexus of landscape change, climate change, ecosystem services, and livelihoods in Gonarezhou, a national park in southeastern Zimbabwe. We also used Landsat satellite imagery to map the landscape change over 20 years to validate and to correlate with the survey data. The survey results indicated that people relied on rainfed agriculture as a means of livelihood, but droughts as a result of climate change force communities to engage in other means of livelihoods such as small-scale poaching of small game such as impala and harvesting of natural resources such as edible shrubs. Crops and livestock as provisional ecosystem services have been negatively affected by climate change and landscape change. Landsat data confirmed that there was a negative transformation of the landscape as a result of agriculture, growth in settlements, and large herbivores. However, there was also a positive landscape transformation resulting from the conservation efforts by the Gonarezhou Conservation Trust (GCT). Cultural services about education and awareness of the environment and provisional services such as wild fruits are booming. Challenges such as soil erosion, human–wildlife conflict, and minimal community benefits from conservation efforts hindered sustainable development in the study area. While changes in landscape, climate, livelihoods, and ecosystem services happened at a local scale, the underlying drivers such as politics and the economy were also identified as drivers of landscape change.

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Lindsey, P. A., S. S. Romañach, S. Matema, C. Matema, I. Mupamhadzi, and J. Muvengwi. "Dynamics and underlying causes of illegal bushmeat trade in Zimbabwe." Oryx 45, no. 1 (January 2011): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310001274.

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AbstractThe prevalence and impacts of the illegal trade in bushmeat are under appreciated in Southern Africa, despite indications that it constitutes a serious conservation threat in parts of the region. Bushmeat trade has emerged as a severe threat to wildlife conservation and the viability of wildlife-based land uses in Zimbabwe during a period of political instability and severe economic decline. We conducted a study around Savé Valley Conservancy in the South-East Lowveld of Zimbabwe to investigate the dynamics and underlying causes of the bushmeat trade, with the objective of developing solutions. We found that bushmeat hunting is conducted mainly by unemployed young men to generate cash income, used mostly to purchase food. Bushmeat is mainly sold to people with cash incomes in adjacent communal lands and population centres and is popular by virtue of its affordability and availability. Key drivers of the bushmeat trade in the South-East Lowveld include: poverty, unemployment and food shortages, settlement of wildlife areas by impoverished communities that provided open access to wildlife resources, failure to provide stakes for communities in wildlife-based land uses, absence of affordable protein sources other than illegally sourced bushmeat, inadequate investment in anti-poaching in areas remaining under wildlife management, and weak penal systems that do not provide sufficient deterrents to illegal bushmeat hunters. Each of these underlying causes needs to be addressed for the bushmeat trade to be tackled effectively. However, in the absence of political and economic stability, controlling illegal bushmeat hunting will remain extremely difficult and the future of wildlife-based land uses will remain bleak.

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Mafuwe, Kudzai, Edwin Tambara, Fortunes F. Matutu, Cedric Maforimbo, Joshua Tsamba, Cynthia Mapendere, and Sydney Moyo. "Community assembly of adult odonates in lacustrine systems of an understudied world heritage site of south-eastern Zimbabwe." International Journal of Odonatology 24 (January 1, 2021): 122–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23797/2159-6719_24_9.

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Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) are efficacious for management and conservation efforts in freshwaters. In recent times, increased effort has gone into enhancing awareness, data and information on dragonflies among scientists and policymakers. Here, we examined the Odonata community of dams within the Matobo National Park, a world heritage site in southern Zimbabwe. Specifically, we determined diversity of larval and adult odonate in five dams over one year. Several physico-chemical parameters were measured, including pH, total dissolved salts (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC). Further, we assessed how habitat types (i.e., detritus, sand, gravel, plant type) affect Odonata communities. In addition, surveys were conducted to identify critical threats to Odonata in the Matobo National Park and surrounding areas. Broadly, results showed that Odonata nymphs and volant adults did not change predictably across all sampling occasions. Further, pH was positively correlated with Libellulidae and Platycnemididae, whereas TDS and EC were positively correlated with Libellulidae, Platycnemididae and Macromiidae. Contrariwise, Gomphidae were found to be negatively correlated to TDS, EC and pH. The threat analyses identified natural system modifications, agricultural expansion and intensification, as well as human intrusions and disturbance as the major threats to Odonata and freshwater resources in Matobo National Park. Taken together, these data provide baseline data that will be useful for future monitoring of threats and subsequently conservation strategies in the Matobo National Park and other protected areas in Southern Africa.

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9

du Toit, Raoul F. "Soil Loss, Hydrological Changes, and Conservation Attitudes, in the Sabi Catchment of Zimbabwe." Environmental Conservation 12, no. 2 (1985): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900015575.

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The Communal Lands—occupied by peasant farmers—of the upper catchment of the Sabi River (which drains the southeastern portion of Zimbabwe) are severely deforested, overgrazed, and eroded. Siltation of the river channel has increased the risk of overbank flooding at a downstream irrigation scheme, and a rise in annual outflow from the catchment over the last three decades has additional implications for irrigation development, as well as for the availability of ground-water reserves in the areas of dryland peasant farming.In a study area within one of the Communal Lands, the average rate of soil loss from fields of gentle slope is estimated to be such that the next generation of peasant farmers will be unable to achieve crop-yields above a very low ‘subsistence’ level. The degraded environment is the inevitable consequence of the expansion of a primitive system of cultivation—in a region of low inherent potential for crop production—under the pressure of rapid population growth. While the peasants are aware of many of the consequences of their exploitative methods of land-use, and recognize the importance of basic conservation measures such as erosion-control terraces, they generally feel that remedial action is beyond their means.The effective implementation of available technical solutions to the deterioration of the land resources, will depend upon the provision of greater financial incentives for intensified production, as well as upon more positive political influences, than exist at present. The eventual stabilization of the situation is achievable only if population growth is reduced; but much might be done to improve production, and promote conservation, through field research into appropriate farming systems for peasant agriculture in the Sabi catchment and similar environments.

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10

Macheka, Mavis Thokozile. "Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site and sustainable development." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 6, no. 3 (November 21, 2016): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-09-2015-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the extent to which Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site has contributed to the sustainable development of the local people who live in its vicinity. What is critically important to underscore is the value of the site to society. Design/methodology/approach The relevant data were collected through questionnaires, personal interviews and site visits. Findings The paper reveals that cultural heritage has affected sustainable development of local communities living in its vicinity in social and cultural terms. There is promotion of Shona traditions through exhibitions and selling of curios by local people at community projects such as the Shona Village and the Great Zimbabwe Nemanwa Craft Centre. The two projects also generate revenue to the local communities. However it was established that a number of benefits from the site such as employment creation are temporary and unsustainable. The main challenge for effecting sustainable development to local communities is lack of community participation. Originality/value Most researchers are arguing that sustainability of cultural heritage is much more difficult compared to natural heritage but the findings reflect that cultural heritage through Great Zimbabwe World Heritage Site could be an essential engine and valuable resource for sustainable development.

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11

Marambanyika, Thomas, Upenyu Naume Mupfiga, Tatenda Musasa, and Keto Ngwenya. "Local Perceptions on the Impact of Drought on Wetland Ecosystem Services and Associated Household Livelihood Benefits: The Case of the Driefontein Ramsar Site in Zimbabwe." Land 10, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060587.

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The paper assesses local people’s perceptions on the impact of drought on wetland ecosystem services and the associated household livelihood benefits, focusing on the Driefontein Ramsar site in Chirumanzu district, Zimbabwe. Field data were obtained using a questionnaire from 159 randomly selected households, key informant interviews and transect walks. The study findings show that provisioning, regulating and supporting services are severely affected by a high frequency of drought, occurring at least once every two years, compared to cultural services. There is a reduction in water for domestic use and crop farming, pasture for livestock, fish, thatch grass and ground water recharge. Although cultural services such as traditional rain-making ceremonies and spiritual enhancement are largely unaffected by drought, the wetland’s aesthetic value was reported to be diminishing. The habitat and breeding areas of endangered crane bird species were perceived to be dwindling, affecting their reproduction. All the household heads are not formally employed and largely depend on the wetland resources for food and income. However, drought is adversely affecting wetland-based agricultural activities that are key pillars of the households’ economy. Therefore, there is a need for alternative livelihood strategies that enable local communities to adapt to drought impacts without exerting more pressure on the declining wetland resources.

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12

Kerr, A. J. "Conservation of natural resources." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 90 (1986): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000005169.

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SynopsisAn indication is given of the importance of the Clyde Estuary for economic, scientific and aesthetic purposes. The main thrust of the World Conservation Strategy and the Conservation and Development Programme for the U.K. is explained. In the light of this the attitudes and actions of a range of agencies operating in the estuary are examined.

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Verma, Pragati. "CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3244.

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The survival and progress of human life depends on developmental resources. Since ancient times human beings get various types of things from nature and fulfill their needs. In fact, resources are those which are useful to human beings, human beings are a part of the environment just like other organisms but a variation which is easily reflected. That is, human beings have sufficient ability to affect the environment around them and control them in some sense as compared to other organisms. That is why human relations with environment are given so much importance.In modern life, there is nothing more curious than the problem of human and environmental relations. The pace of this awareness has been slow in the developing countries and its solution has just started to be fully realized.The global dimension of environmental awareness is beginning to appear in some decades. It has been felt that the unpredictable loss of land, air, water etc. is being done by the nature system of the earth, the future survival of the organisms on earth is starting to be threatened, now there is a need to think holistically. It is known that the object of the world is in our hands.Man has also had to bear the consequences of contempt for nature. Due to all this, a strong need is being felt today that how the above balance of nature can be regained, now we have to use our technical skills in ways to reclaim our lost environment. मानव जीवन का अस्तित्व, प्रगति विकास संसाधनों पर निभ्रर करता है । आदिकाल से मनुष्य प्रकृति से विभिन्न प्रकार की वस्तुएँ प्राप्त कर अपनी आवष्यकताओं को पूरा करता है वास्तव में संसाधन वे है जिनकी उपयोगिता मानव के लिए हो, अन्य जीवों के समान ही मानव भी पर्यावरण का ही एक अंग है परन्तु एक विभिन्नता जो सहज ही परिलक्षित होती है वह यह है कि अन्य जीवों की तुलना में मानव अपने चारों ओर के पर्यावरण को प्रभावित तथा कुछ अर्थो में उसे नियंत्रित कर पाने की पर्याप्त क्षमता है यही कारण है कि मानव का पर्यावरण के साथ संबंधों को इतना महत्व दिया जाता है ।आधुनिक जीवन में मानव तथा पर्यावरण के संबंधों की समस्या से अधिक उत्सुकता का अन्य कोई विषय नहीं है । इस जागरूकता की गति विकासषील देषों में मंद रही है तथा इसका समाधान संपूर्णता से अभी-अभी ही अनुभव किया जाने लगा है । विगत् कुछ दषकों में पर्यावरणीय सजगता का वैष्विक आयाम प्रकट होने लगा है । यह महसूस किया गया है कि पृथ्वी की प्रकृति व्यवस्था से भूमि, वायु, जल आदि का अप्रत्याषित नुकसान किया जा रहा है पृथ्वी पर जीवों की भावी उत्तरजीविता को खतरा उत्पन्न होने लगा है अब समग्र रूप से सोचने की आवष्यकता पड़ रही है अब यह महसूस किया जाने लगा है कि विष्व का शग्य हमारे हाथो में है ।मनुष्य को प्रकृति के प्रति तिरस्कार का परिणाम भी सहना पड़ा है । इस सबके कारण ही आज इस बात की प्रबल आवष्यकता अनुभव की जाने लगी है कि किस प्रकार प्रकृति का उपर्युक्त संतुलन पुनः प्राप्त किया जा सकता है अब हमें अपने तकनीकी कौषल का उपयोग अपने खोये हुए पर्यावरण को पुनः प्राप्त करने के तरीकों में करना होगा ।

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Sharma, Seema. "CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3174.

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The importance of natural resources in sustaining productivity and environmental protection is now relatively more realized than the past. Over the past few decades or so, more and more attention is being paid all over the world to conserve the Natural Resources. Natural resources are important material basis for a stable economy and social development too With Industrialization and Urbanization, mankind’s great demand for natural resources and their large scale exploitation and consumption has resulted in the weakening, deterioration and exhaustion of these resources. Human existence depends on the natural resources and the environment and the maintenance of which is now increasingly being considered as essential for mankind. As human populations increase and natural resources become more limited, there is a critical need for trained conservation professionals in natural resources conservation. Natural Resources are those environmental gifts which satisfy the human wants. They are the means of attaining social objectives. Conservation of natural resources is the wise use of the earth's resources by humanity to achieve its benefits for the longest possible period of time and ensure availability of these resources for the further generation. One difficult task faced by all countries is to guarantee the lasting utilization of natural resources at the lowest possible environmental cost while still assuring economical and social development.

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Hedrick, Philip. "Conservation Genetics for Natural Resources." BioScience 61, no. 4 (April 2011): 330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.4.19.

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Singh, Anita, and Ragini Singh. "NATURAL RESOURCES AND THEIR CONSERVATION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3210.

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Nature has provided all the useful resources to man with free hand. Adivana relied entirely on nature to fulfill all its needs, but in the development of Adivasi from human to modern man, man exploited the natural resources in full and consequently the abundant wealth of nature gradually started to end. In this sequence, various species have reached the category of extinct species, conservation of natural resources has become imperative to preserve the remaining species and the human species itself. Along with taking various protective measures for this, the need is for the youth who are sensitive to nature and able to bear the responsibility of conservation of natural resources by staying in the nature of nature even in odd circumstances. प्रकृति ने मनुष्य को सभी जीवनोपयोगी संसाधन मुक्त हस्त से प्रदान किये हैं। आदिमानव अपनी समस्त आवष्यकताओं की पूर्ति के लिये पूरी तरह प्रकृति पर निर्भर करता था, किंतु आदि मानव से आधुनिक मनुष्य बनने की विकासयात्रा में मनुष्य ने प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का भरपूर दोहन किया फलस्वरूप प्रकृति की अकूत संपदा धीरे-धीरे समाप्त होने लगी। इस क्रम में विभिन्न प्रजातियाँ विलुप्त प्रजातियों की श्रेणी में पहुँच गयीं, शेष बची हुई प्रजातियों और स्वयं मनुष्य प्रजाति को बचाये रखने के लिये भी प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का संरक्षण अत्यावष्यक हो गया है। इस हेतु विभिन्न सुरक्षात्मक कदम उठाने के साथ-साथ आवष्यकता ऐसे युवाओं की है जो प्रकृति के प्रति संवेदनषील हों तथा विषम परिस्थितियों में भी प्रकृति के सानिध्य में रहकर प्राकृतिक संसाधनों के संरक्षण का उत्तरदायित्व निभाने में सक्षम हों।

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Bell, Morag, and Patricia Hotchkiss. "Garden cultivation, conservation and household strategies in Zimbabwe." Africa 61, no. 2 (April 1991): 202–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160615.

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AbstractWith reference to dambo utilisation in the Communal Areas of Zimbabwe, this article considers how, under conditions of unreliable rainfall, communities and households manage their land and water resources to maintain a balance between resource exploitation and conservation. Regional variations in patterns of garden cultivation are identified and related to differences in resource endowment, to variations in the interpretation and implementation of government legislation and t o contrasting histories of involvement in commodity production. It is also demonstrated that within regions domestic strategies are not rigidly fixed but may be modified over time with changes in household composition and resources available.

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Ottow, Carolyn. "Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Site." Journal of Government Information 27, no. 1 (January 2000): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-0237(99)00139-2.

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19

Timah, Emmanuel Ambe, Nji Ajaga, Divine F. Tita, Leonard M. Ntonga, and Irene B. Bongsiysi. "Demographic pressure and natural resources conservation." Ecological Economics 64, no. 3 (January 2008): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.08.024.

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McReynolds, Kim. "Natural Resources Conservation Workshop for Arizona Youth." Rangelands 27, no. 4 (August 2005): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-501x(2005)27[10:nrcwfa]2.0.co;2.

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Rissman, Adena R., Richard Reiner, and Adina M. Merenlender. "Monitoring Natural Resources on Rangeland Conservation Easements." Rangelands 29, no. 3 (June 2007): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-501x(2007)29[21:mnrorc]2.0.co;2.

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Clark, Timothy W., Mark Wishnie, and George Gorman. "An Interdisciplinary Approach to Natural Resources Conservation." Journal of Sustainable Forestry 16, no. 1-2 (January 2003): 161–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j091v16n01_08.

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Child, Graham. "The role of community-based wild resource management in Zimbabwe." Biodiversity and Conservation 5, no. 3 (March 1996): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00051779.

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Chiwara, Davison. "Sustainable Pest Management Through Preventive Conservation: Case Studies in the Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe and the Zimbabwe Military Museum." Studies in Conservation 63, sup1 (August 2018): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393630.2018.1504448.

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Ndumeya, Noel. "Conserving Wildlife Resources in Zimbabwe: Reflections on Chirinda Forest, 1920s-1979." Environment and History 26, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 413–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096734018x15254461646576.

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This article uses Chirinda Forest as a lens through which to view wildlife conservation policy and practice in colonial Zimbabwe. Situated in eastern Zimbabwe, Chirinda Forest was unique in that, though located in a typical savannah climate, it was a tropical rainforest and the only one of its kind in Zimbabwe. The article examines the structure, variety, maturity and density of the forest's trees. It describes its diverse game and water systems and contrasts the forest's traditional and modern ownership patterns. It also traces how the state acquired this forest and sought to conserve it for aesthetic, scientific, educational and recreational reasons - processes that set the state on a collision course with African communities surrounding this forest, who valued it as a source for timber, firewood, medicine, game and other resources. Drawing on the history of Chirinda Forest, the study questions the appropriateness and effectiveness of colonial conservation policies while exploring the strategies adopted by the marginalised sections of society clandestinely to access wildlife resources from this forest.

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Mukwada, Geoffrey. "The influence of anthropogenic phenomena and contingency in tree resource distribution in Mufurudzi resettlement area, Zimbabwe." Journal for Nature Conservation 17, no. 1 (January 2009): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2008.09.009.

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Prakash Kala, Chandra. "Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources through Spirituality." Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences 5, no. 2 (August 26, 2017): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/aees-5-2-1.

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Vaidya, Chetan, and Satmohini Srivastava Ray. "Sairam Bhat, Natural Resources Conservation Law (SAGE), 2010." Environment and Urbanization ASIA 2, no. 1 (March 2011): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097542531000200115.

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Deo, Sandhya. "ROLE OF SOCIETY IN CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3169.

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Anything in the environment which can be used is called a ‘natural resource’. Protecting the environment from destruction is called conservation of environment. Some of our important natural resources are forest, wildlife, water, coal & petroleum. The resources of the earth are limited because of the rapid increase in population. The demand for resources is increasing day by day. The proper management can ensure that the natural resources are used judiciously so that they fulfill the needs of present generation and also last for the generations to come. Water is the basic necessity for all forms of life, human beings other animals as well as plants. The various sources of water are: Rain, Rivers, Lakes, Ponds, Wells, Oceans and Glaciers. Rain is a very important source of water. Rains in India are largely due to monsoon which, lasts for a few months. High yielding Varieties of crops require more water for irrigation. The changing life style of people is consuming more water so we are not able to fulfill the demand of water for all people. Rivers are another important source of water. The management of river water is done by constructing dams on rivers. Dams are useful for the society because of irrigation, water supply in towns and cities, generating electricity. The public opposition on the construction of large dams on rivers is mainly due to some problems. Due to construction of dams a large number of human settlements are submerged in the water of large reservoir formed by the dam and many people are rendered homeless. It also contributes to deforestation and lose of biodiversity. The water of most of rivers is highly polluted. The pollution of river water is caused by the dumping of untreated sewage and industrial water into it. Wells and tube wells are other sources of water. This water is used for the irrigation of crops and for drinking purpose.

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Erskine, J. M. "Conservation of natural resources and rural development: The work of the Institute of Natural Resources." Development Southern Africa 2, no. 4 (November 1985): 603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768358508439202.

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Chigora, Farai, and Promise Zvavahera. "Realigning Value Chain Concept towards Destination Branding: Zimbabwe Tourism Destination Reality." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 2 (November 9, 2015): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i2.8544.

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The study analysed the value chain model that was used to analyse the sustainable competitive advantage of manufacturing businesses by Porter in 1985. The processes of the model which are both primary and secondary variables were matched and compared to the tourism destination processes. This was done in order to design a specific value chain model that can be used by a tourism destination so as to improve brand equity. The study therefore analysed Zimbabwe as a tourism destination which needs to improve its brand equity through an effective tourism value chain. The study used a sequential mixed method in order to establish data from respondents. It started with a qualitative design whereby by Zimbabwe tourism destination processes were established through in-depth interviews from various experts in the industry. The identified variables were local people, natural resources and destination marketers. Also the respondents agreed that the secondary factors for a Zimbabwe tourism destination value chain include finance, skilled human resources, infrastructure, sustainable practices and global partnerships. The relationship of Zimbabwe tourism destination variables to Porter’s primary value chain activities were identified through a quantitative design using survey questionnaires. The results of the study showed that the inbound logistics is related to local people, operations to natural resources and outbound logistics to destination marketers. The study recommended a value chain model specifically for tourism destinations that comprise of local people, natural resources and destination marketers as the primary activities. An effective mix of the tourism primary factors and secondary factors (finance, infrastructure, skilled human resources, sustainable practices and global partners) will lead to improved brand equity for the Zimbabwe tourism destination.

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Milne, G. R., and A. Hoole. "The Zimbabwe Natural Resources Management Programme and lessons in cross-cultural exchange." Forestry Chronicle 70, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc70704-6.

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Since early 1992, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources has been executing a five year, $19 million CIDA-funded capacity building programme in the Republic of Zimbabwe, in southern Africa. The programme has a policy development project (EPCU) in the Ministry of Environment and Tourism head office, and an operational level project (RTB) in the Department of Natural Resources. Training and the exchange of skills, knowledge, and experience are critical elements in both projects. The cross-cultural exchange method used by the two Canadian EPCU advisors has evolved from a direct one-on-one approach with only two Zimbabwean counterparts, to a broader approach involving five primary counterparts in the immediate unit, and several secondary counterparts in other branches of the local Ministry. Both approaches have advantages and disadvantages. From experience gained to date however, the broader approach appears better suited for implementing the EPCU project objectives in light of local conditions and constraints.

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Marambanyika, Thomas, and Heinz Beckedahl. "Institutional arrangements governing wetland utilization and conservation in communal areas of Zimbabwe." Review of Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2016): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/rss.v2i1.71.

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<p>Based on household surveys and key informant interviews, the paper explores the consequences of existing institutional arrangements governing wetland access, utilization and conservation in six wetlands located in communal areas found in the central part of Zimbabwe. This was provoked by the fact that wetland ecosystem services are being lost in most developing countries despite the existence of institutions meant to promote their wise use. The results of the study indicated a complex multi-institutional involvement in wetland resources governance. The roles and relationship of participating institutions often compromised wetland resources conservation as a result of conflicts, confusion and tensions exacerbated by divergent motives. There was no homogeny in number of institutions determining utilization at each wetland as well as their degree of influence on management decisions, a situation resembling lack of consistency in existing institutional structure at communal level. Given the proximity of traditional leaders and wetland committees to the people and wetlands and poor participation of government agencies, an institutional structure which place local institutions at the core of the governance system should be formulated. This should be complemented by a clear framework which promotes inter-co-ordination of institutional roles and clarification of their relationships in order to minimize discord in execution of their duties; a situation observed to currently influence degradation of wetland ecosystems. The necessary policy and legal framework to support this institutional framework should be put in place as well as resources for its operations. </p>

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Manik, Jeanne Darc Noviayanti, and Wirazilmustaan Wirazilmustaan. "LAW ENFORCEMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND RESOURCE CONSERVATION." PROGRESIF: Jurnal Hukum 13, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/progresif.v13i1.1035.

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Conservation of natural resources is a natural resource management whose utilization is done wisely to ensure the continuity of its availability by maintaining and improving the quality of diversity and value. Conservation of natural resources and ecosystems aims to achieve the realization of the sustainability of natural resources and the equilibrium of the ecosystem so that it can better support the efforts to improve the community welfare and the quality of human life. The problem are the implementation of conservation of natural resources and its ecosystem in the region based on Act No. 5 of 1990 and law enforcement against perpetrators of the conservation of natural resources and ecosystems. The research method used is legal research using a statutory and conceptual approach. The conservation of natural resources and ecosystems is based on preserving the ability and utilization of natural resources and their ecosystem in a harmonious and balanced environment. The conservation of natural resources and ecosystems is conducted through the protection of life-supporting systems, preserving the diversity of plant and animal species along with its ecosystem and the sustainable utilization of natural resources and ecosystem.

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Zurba, Melanie. "Conservation for a new generation: redefining natural resources management." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 20, no. 2 (June 2013): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2013.778170.

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Kumari, Priti. "Conservation of Fresh Water Resources: Natural And Other Concepts." International Journal of Geoinformatics and Geological Science 6, no. 2 (May 25, 2019): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23939206/ijggs-v6i2p109.

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R. Gunawardene, N. "Conservation for a New Generation: Redefining Natural Resources Management." Pacific Conservation Biology 16, no. 1 (2010): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc100066.

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Having studied environmental science and policy in the United States (US) during my undergraduate years, I was interested to read an overview of the legislative and administrative changes that have occurred in the US over the last 20 years. The first paragraph of the introduction thrust me into the position of the ?new generation? of natural resource practitioners that Professor Richard L. Knight?s generation has engendered. He put into perspective what my generation takes for granted- the cross-disciplinary nature of conservation biology and the effort that was required to get multi-disciplinary cooperation on environmental issues. The book is structured in three parts looking at current partners/stakeholders in land management, the tools that are available for conservation and land management and finally the middle ground, where the diverse parties involved in conservation of natural resources meet. Each part is supported by case studies, mainly from the US, written by people involved in each study.

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Rosemartin, Alyssa H., Theresa M. Crimmins, Carolyn A. F. Enquist, Katharine L. Gerst, Jherime L. Kellermann, Erin E. Posthumus, Ellen G. Denny, Patricia Guertin, Lee Marsh, and Jake F. Weltzin. "Organizing phenological data resources to inform natural resource conservation." Biological Conservation 173 (May 2014): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.07.003.

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Reniko, Gondo, Patricia K. Mogomotsi, and Goemeone E. J. Mogomotsi. "Integration of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Natural Resources Management in Hurungwe District, Zimbabwe." International Journal of African Renaissance Studies - Multi-, Inter- and Transdisciplinarity 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18186874.2018.1475869.

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Sell, Nancy J. "Ecology of natural resources." Resources and Conservation 12, no. 1 (August 1985): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-3097(85)90021-5.

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Alikhanova, Shahzoda. "GENDER ASPECTS OF NATURAL RESOURCES USE." JOURNAL OF AGRO PROCESSING 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9904-2020-6-5.

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This analytical article examines the issues of natural resources use and conservation of the biological diversity through the prism of a gender-based approach. In particular, the author touches upon the issues of equal access by both men and women to the management, use and protection of natural resources and biological diversity. Examples are given from different regions of the world in various sectors of environmental and economic activities. Recommendations are provided for improving the equitable use of natural resources.

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Sengwar, Babita. "SOCIETY AWARENESS AS A STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 9SE (September 30, 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3115.

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Conservation is the proper management of natural resources to prevent its exploitation, destruction or degradation. India is blessed with natural resources but these resources from our research study on the usage of natural resources are depleting every day. As we know nature provides all the basic needs which are necessary to us but we are over exploiting or over using these resources. Conservation of natural resources has acquired great attention at present. It is high time that man must realize of the grave consequences of his action which are damaging the environment beyond repair. If we continue exploit the nature, there will be no more natural resources available in the future. So, there is an urgent need to conserve the nature for future. Society participation in the conservation of natural resources is vital importance so we must get them involved in this national task. A society, a state, a country, the whole world is a collection of individuals in a final analysis. Therefore, if individual does his or her duty to perfection, the whole world can become less pollution free and we can conserve our natural resources. It is the duty of us to spread awareness among the society in this regard.

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Cobbinah, Patrick Brandful. "Local attitudes towards natural resources management in rural Ghana." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 26, no. 3 (April 13, 2015): 423–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-04-2014-0061.

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Purpose – Local support is fundamental in natural resources management (NRM). However, recent studies indicate that NRM in protected areas in developing countries is often faced with local resistance due to its impacts on livelihoods. The purpose of this paper is to examine local attitudes – positive and negative responses – towards NRM in protected areas and implications of NRM benefits on local support for conservation of protected areas. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research method was used for this study. Structured questionnaire survey was administered to 310 respondents across four case study communities – Abrafo, Mesomagor, Adadientem and Nuamakrom – around the Kakum Conservation Area (KCA), Ghana. χ2 test and logistic regression were used to analyse the data with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Findings – Findings showed positive attitudes towards NRM in protected areas (85.9 per cent) and high support for conservation of KCA (86.5 per cent). Respondents recognised the importance of the KCA in managing natural resources especially forest and water resources. Positive attitudes towards conservation of KCA were largely influenced by receipt of socio-economic benefits from the KCA, in terms of employment, income and involvement in KCA management. However, those excluded from socio-economic benefits from the KCA also expressed positive attitudes towards conservation, suggesting that support for NRM transcends socio-economic benefits. On the other hand, local people recognised the challenges associated with NRM in protected areas such as increased farm raids by wildlife, loss of access to timber and non-timber forest products. Originality/value – This paper has revealed that although socio-economic benefits from NRM in protected areas influence local people’s support for conservation, local knowledge of the environmental benefits is equally important. The depth of local knowledge of NRM in the KCA is dependent on educational status and level of involvement of respondents in the KCA in terms of employment, and the effectiveness of educational campaigns by the park officials. Therefore, in the absence of clear development programmes from government and park officials to educate and involve local people in NRM, it appears the conservation objective upon which NRM in protected areas are designed may not be realised.

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Machoko, Garikai. "Water spirits and the conservation of the natural environment: A case study from Zimbabwe." International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 5, no. 8 (November 30, 2013): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ijsa12.065.

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Taylor, Peter J., Catherine Vise, Macy A. Krishnamoorthy, Tigga Kingston, and Sarah Venter. "Citizen Science Confirms the Rarity of Fruit Bat Pollination of Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Flowers in Southern Africa." Diversity 12, no. 3 (March 19, 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12030106.

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The iconic African baobab tree (Adansonia digitata) has “chiropterophilous” flowers that are adapted for pollination by fruit bats. Although bat pollination of baobabs has been documented in east and west Africa, it has not been confirmed in southern Africa where it has been suggested that hawk moths (Nephele comma) may also be involved in baobab pollination. We used a citizen science approach to monitor baobab tree and flower visitors from dusk till midnight at 23 individual baobab trees over 27 nights during the flowering seasons (November–December) of 2016 and 2017 in northern South Africa and southern Zimbabwe (about 1650 visitors). Insect visitors frequently visited baobab flowers, including hawk moths, but, with one exception in southeastern Zimbabwe, no fruit bats visited flowers. Citizen science enabled us to substantiate preliminary conclusions about the relative importance of moth versus bat pollination of baobabs in southern Africa, with important implications for resource management.

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A., Benitez, Roberto F., Cabrera R., and Maria G. "CHARACTERIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES FOR CONSERVATION, NUEVA ALBORADA, ITAPUA, PARAGUAY." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 02 (February 29, 2020): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10497.

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Thormark, C. "Conservation of energy and natural resources by recycling building waste." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 33, no. 2 (September 2001): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-3449(01)00078-7.

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Tamura, Go, Tomo Onizuka, Akihiro Katsura, and Toshikazu Urade. "Inhabitant Evaluation Structure for Accessible Natural Resources and Conservation Measures:." Journal of Rural Problems 48, no. 1 (2012): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7310/arfe.48.176.

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Swarn Lata Arya, J. S. Samra, and S. P. Mittal. "Rural Women and Conservation of Natural Resources: Traps and Opportunities." Gender, Technology and Development 2, no. 2 (July 1998): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097185249800200201.

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Ismail, Sallehan, Kwan Wai Hoe, and Mahyuddin Ramli. "Sustainable Aggregates: The Potential and Challenge for Natural Resources Conservation." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 101 (November 2013): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.183.

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