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1
Contreras, Toledo Aremi Rebeca. "A crop wild relative conservation strategy for Mexico." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8637/.
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There is an extensive diversity of crops and their wild relatives in Mexico, which are distributed throughout the country. Crop wild relatives (CWR) play a special role for present and future food security strategies: they represent a potential source of variation for the domesticated species, contributing to the genetic improvement of these crops. However, the effects of climate change, among other threats, are reducing significantly this biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to analyse the diversity of wild relatives of the most important crops in Mexico as a basis for the development and implementation of a national conservation strategy for these genetic resources. The methods involved the identification of priorities and creation of a national CWR inventory, in situ and ex situ gap analyses at taxon and ecogeographic levels, the evaluation of the impacts of climate change, threat assessment and predictive characterisation. Applying these methods, 310 CWR taxa were identified as priorities and recommendations for immediate in situ and ex situ conservation actions were made to ensure their representativeness under current and future climatic conditions. All these components contribute to the systematic active long-term conservation of priority CWR diversity in the country and enhance their sustainable utilisation thus helping mitigate the threats to Mexican agrobiodiversity and global food security.
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Rawoot, Damian Nabil, and Damian Nabil Rawoot. "Conservation Easements in the Madrean Archipelago: Landscape-Scale Strategy or Random Acts of Conservation?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626400.
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In mixed-jurisdiction landscapes of the Intermountain West, unprotected wildlands in private and State Trust ownership buffer protected areas, support ecosystem and watershed processes, and maintain landscape connectivity, while their subdivision and development, results in losses of habitat and biodiversity, fragmentation, and isolation of neighboring protected areas. In recent decades, conservation easements (CEs) have emerged as the primary tool for protecting private lands, but as private agreements, there is no explicit expectation that land protected provides these conservation values. With this dependence on CEs, identifying their conservation outcomes is critical to understanding their role in landscape-scale conservation efforts. Focusing on the Madrean Archipelago in Arizona and New Mexico, I conducted a mixed methods study assessing the spatial pattern of existing CEs relative to grasslands, riparian areas, and distance from protected areas, and completed stakeholder interviews to identify any process underlying these spatial patterns. Results show that more than 10% of private wildlands in the region are in CEs. They exhibited a strong affinity towards grasslands (almost 20% of private grassland area is in CEs) and protected areas (more than 80% of CEs lie within 1 km of a protected area) but tend to avoid riparian areas. Interviews revealed a moderate level of consistency between the spatial patterns identified and stakeholder objectives. These results suggest that CEs in the Madrean Archipelago do support landscape-scale conservation outcomes, in part because stakeholders engaged in establishing them are prioritizing resources and values with landscape-scale significance. They also affirm the need for more access to spatial data on CEs to better integrate them into regional conservation planning efforts.
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De, Roo Ryan Thomas. "Pragmatic strategy of amphicarpic Sedge Trianoptiles solitaria." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24961.
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Brief, Dominique Ariane. "Ecotourism as a conservation strategy in Black River, Jamaica." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20807.
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Nature-based tourism is proposed as a conservation strategy in both the developed and developing world, yet few empirical studies exist examining how the conservation process is achieved. An emerging nature-based tourism industry in Black River, Jamaica was studied to determine the factors involved in creating a symbiotic tourism-environment relationship. The tourism-environment relationship brings into play many stakeholders and at the local level these include the tour developers, conservation authorities, the natural environment, the host population and the visiting public. In this study, surveys of tour developers, conservation authorities and the host population indicate that Black River nature-based tourism is degrading the natural and host environment. To modify this outcome of resource degradation adequate administrative arrangements must be established to disengage the elite growth process in favor of a more equitable distribution among a majority of stakeholders. Surveys of the visiting public indicate satisfaction of this consumer group and provide detailed information to guide marketing and management strategies for further improvement of the tour product. Recommendations are presented to strengthen the link between nature-based tourism and conservation of the environment.
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Brief, Dominique Ariane. "Ecotourism as a conservation strategy in Black River, Jamaica." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ44133.pdf.
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Siegwarth, Mark. "Boyce Thompson Arboretum and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556782.
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Blandford, Nigel John. "An integrated conservation strategy for the north coast of Lantau Island." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252540.
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Brown, W. S., and n/a. "A conservation framework for Australian development assistance projects." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1986. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060615.154934.
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1. It is now generally accepted that conservation is an important
consideration for developing countries. (l. 1 & 1.2)
2. This has been made clear in the World Conservation Strategy, published
in 1980, which sets out the essential link between conservation and
development. Three conservation objectives are identified:
- Maintenance of essential ecological processes
- Preservation of genetic diversity
- Ensuring sustainable utilisation of species and ecosystems (1.3)
3. Foreign aid donors have recognised the importance of conservation
considerations in their aid programs. The World Bank has had an environmental
program since 1970 and USAID since 1975. The emphasis has shifted
from the environmental impact of projects towards projects intended to bring
conservation benefits. Interest has recently been directed toward biological
diversity and wildlands. (1.4)
4. Although Australia has significant expertise in conservation, only in
the last couple of years has interest in the conservation aspects of
Australia's development assistance program been expressed. Australian
support for the World conservation Strategy indicates that conservation
concerns should be included in the aid program. (1.5)
5. Conservation and environmental assessment should be an integral part of
the processes of project appraisal and evaluation. The techniques used in
appraisal and evaluation such as the logical framework and cost benefit
analysis can be linked to environmental assessment, (chapter 2)
6. Many environmental guidelines are available, however these should not
be used directly for project appraisal and evaluation but rather to assist
in the preparation of project specific terms of reference. (2.6)
The intensification of some farming systems damages the ecological
processes on which they depend and hence reduces productivity. Other farming
systems can be intensified without ecological damage. The challenge is to
ensure that when farming is to be intensified it can be done without adverse
ecological consequences. (3.1, 3.2)
8. Constraints on the adoption of sustainable farming systems include the
perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of the society affected, economic
limitations and problems of land tenure. (3.3)
9. Foreign aid donors can make a contribution towards establishing
sustainable farming systems but past project designs have often not been
well suited to conservation. (3.4)
10. Projects can be developed with conservation goals which will conserve
the land, improve subsistence farming and assist with economic production.
There are three stages in these projects:
- Identify the causes of land degradation and the constraints to
countering them.
- Develop and demonstrate appropriate farming systems
- Extension (3.5)
11. A project is likely to have a greater impact if it leads to the
adoption of appropriate conservation techniques over a region than if it
intensively improves a restricted project area. A project must therefore
seek to develop techniques which will be adopted without subsidy. (3.4, 3.5)
12. The Australian projects in northern Thailand have successfully
demonstrated farming systems which would reduce erosion but these have yet
to be adopted on a significant scale by the population in the region. (4.2)
13. The NTT Livestock Development Project in Timor has not yet had
sufficient time to demonstrate suitable farming systems but it is expected
that such systems can be developed. (4.3)
14. In Sikka, Flores, Indonesia, the widespread planting of contour hedgerows
of leucaena has brought substantial conservation benefits. The key
factors in the adoption of this practice appear to have been that the
technique was readily undertaken by fanners, it increases crop yields and
that there was strong support from the local administration. (4.3)
15. It should be possible to introduce conservation farming systems to a
region in a period of about ten years. If success is to be achieved it is
essential that practices be capable of being adopted without subsidy, that
the introduction get strong support from the local administration and that
there be a vigorous extension campaign.
16. It is recommended that:
- Australia should have an explicit policy on conservation and
development assistance based on our commitment to the World
Conservation Strategy. (5.l)
- ADAB should have its focus of conservation within the appraisals
and evaluations area.(5.2)
ADAB should incorporate conservation considerations throughout the
project cycle. (5.3)
- The cost benefit guidelines provided by ADAB should be amended to
include conservation considerations. (5.4)
- ADAB should support and encourage conservation projects and should
seek to develop projects which will have a conservation impact
throughout the relevant region. (5.5)
- ADAB should cooperate with other agencies in its activities on
conservation and development. In particular we should play an active
role in OECD activities relating to environment and development. (5.6)
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Bux, Quraisha. "Understanding urban ecologies in the context of local biodiversity and open space conservation agendas in two South African cities." Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30062.
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South Africa is the third most biologically diverse country in the world and has developed advanced biodiversity legislation and policies to protect its natural environment. Biodiversity is the natural wealth of all living things on earth, from which a multitude of ecosystem services that sustain life emanate. The dramatic shift towards urban living however, places tremendous pressure on these biological resources. Local government has received international recognition as the level of government that is key to securing long-term global sustainability. The cities of Cape Town and Durban in South Africa have each developed their own biodiversity and open space conservation systems to conserve and protect the remaining biodiversity and open spaces within their respective municipal boundaries. The aim of this research was to explore the local biodiversity and open space conservation strategies in these two cities, with a view to understanding: (1) the informants, and emerging form, of urban conservation strategies in these two cities in light of their variable biophysical templates and histories; and (2) the physical landscape pattern in each city, and from this information, infer likely ecological outcomes, for these two cities. The study made use of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The results reveal that while both cities are facing similar issues in terms of biodiversity loss and natural habitats becoming increasingly fragmented, the way in which these issues manifest in these different cities is unique. The City of Cape Town is highly developed and fragmented but has more land secured under its conservation plan compared to the City of Durban. Durban however, has a large rural land component which remains under the governance of traditional leaders. The study reveals that there are many factors that play a role in the development and success of conservation plans, including: the local context, biophysical templates, city histories, social informants of how these plans emerge and evolve, contemporary governance structures as well as local pressures. Biodiversity conservation in South African cities still faces many challenges which need to be overcome in the near future. These solutions will need to be city specific.
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Shoaibi, Abdullah Mohammed al (1960 ). "Development of a water conservation strategy for Al Qasseem Province, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192035.
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The crop-water production function for Al Qasseem province, Saudia Arabia was constructed according to the data collected from Al Qasseem province to conserve and face the scarcity of water in that part of the world in agricultural development. Comparison of the growing conditions between Yuma and Al Qasseem has been studied to adapt a model developed for Yuma. Farm budget also constructed to estimate the optimum level of yield gives a profitable income associated with reduced level of water applied. A conclusion of water reduction by 20% of the maximum water applied will conserve the groundwater resource, and optimum level of wheat yield will be obtained under 80% of maximum water applied, also cutting the subsidy to SR 1.5 per Kg will be affordable to the farmers.
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Costa, Alice Maria Tavares Alves da. "Integrated conservation strategy of built heritage: traditional construction systems and natural materials." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14808.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia CivilThe risk of losing ancient construction systems is highly relevant in the whole Mediterranean region, but also in many other countries worldwide. The earthen heritage and the mixed construction systems with timber are decreasing very fast and being identified in lists of risk by UNESCO, ICOMOS and by many researchers all over the world. They represent a cultural value of the societies that is being neglected due to unbalanced development, demolitions, lack of knowledge, and guidelines for conservation, instead of the expected unique reason of decay due to natural agents or ageing. Although some conservation approaches have been successful, the results are still scarce and the mistakes continuously repeated imposing irreversible gaps in reading this relevant heritage, mainly in urban areas. This entails questions about the approach to protection, conservation, and the reasons behind such disseminated failure in these objectives. The earthen architecture shows precisely the difficulties in the establishment of a strategy able to successfully achieve the goal of preserving its cultural value. This needs continuous research and ability to communicate the best conservation strategy as just one of the steps of a balanced framework. This investigation aims to discover reasons for failure of conservation strategies involving the traditional construction systems, valuing the case of adobe architecture; to give significance to traditional construction systems as a cultural value to protect and preserve; to propose conservation research areas necessary in a framework of integrated conservation of built heritage, involving the specific case of adobe buildings. The research methodology of this investigation is based mostly on qualitative methods and a case study about adobe construction system, its evolution since the 19th century until the middle of 20th century, and its interaction with architecture. The case study was used to address the main identified gaps of research needed to proceed with an integrated conservation and protection approach of adobe heritage in Portugal. A combination of sources was used following a multi-method approach: in situ surveys, collection of archive files (drawings, written documents and photos), published literature, published and unpublished reports from international organisations, photographic reports, open interviews, and laboratory tests. The first analyses show evidence of multiple causes of failure for the support of conservation strategies. The most important is the lack of a long-term integrated strategy within a recognized and supported framework. Secondly, the continuity of shortcomings is expressed in inadequate choices at several levels of decision-making, absence of measures of maintenance and conservation. Thirdly, the lack of knowledge about the adobe traditional construction system, its evolution and wide interaction with architecture, the approach to the present standards of comfort, and finally, the problem of waterproof barrier and salt’s effects are the main causes of failure in the promotion of adobe conservation strategies. This research recommends the use of the construction system as a cultural value to guarantee the longevity of traditional building heritage, supported by research. It also stresses the importance of understanding the difficulties of application of conservation strategies, looking to a wider international area to better understand the reasons behind causes and eventual successes. It proposes an interpretation of evolution of the adobe construction system and identifies the main defects, both of which should constitute the base of knowledge of any conservation strategy. Finally, considering an integrated framework of conservation strategy, an approach is recommended that integrates key issues of awareness for heritage and research. The specific case study of adobe construction emphasized three main approach areas: the vernacular architecture for public awareness; thermal and comfort issues for protection strategy; and finally, the waterproof barrier with diatomaceous earth, its role in the decrease of salt’s effects and as an effective barrier, for the use of research to solve technical problems of earthen construction.
O risco de perder sistemas de construtivos antigos é altamente relevante em toda a região do Mediterrâneo, mas também em muitos outros países do mundo. O Património de terra e os sistemas construtivos mistos com madeira estão a decrescer rapidamente e são alvo de propostas para integrarem listas de Risco pela UNESCO, ICOMOS e com alertas de vários investigadores de todo o mundo. Estes sistemas, representam um valor cultural das sociedades, que está a ser negligenciado devido ao desenvolvimento desequilibrado, às demolições, à falta de conhecimento, e à falta de diretrizes para a conservação, em vez de a expectável única razão, de deterioração devido aos agentes naturais ou ao seu próprio envelhecimento. Embora algumas experiências de Conservação tenham sido bem sucedidas, os resultados ainda são escassos e os erros continuamente repetidos, impondo lacunas irreversíveis na leitura deste Património relevante, principalmente em áreas urbanas. Isto levanta questões sobre a abordagem à proteção, à conservação, e às razões que estão por trás de tão disseminada falha nos objetivos. A Arquitectura de Terra sofre precisamente destas dificuldades no estabelecimento de uma estratégia capaz de alcançar com sucesso o objetivo de preservar o seu Valor Cultural. O que requer uma investigação contínua e capacidade de comunicar a melhor estratégia de conservação capaz de alcançar com sucesso a compatibilização para a preservação do seu valor cultural, como apenas uma das etapas de um enquadramento equilibrado. Esta investigação tem como objetivo: descobrir as razões subjacentes ao fracasso de estratégias de conservação; investigar os sistemas de construção tradicionais, valorizando o caso da arquitetura de adobe; estudar a significância dos sistemas construtivos tradicionais como valores culturais a proteger e preservar; propor áreas de pesquisa de conservação dentro de um quadro de Conservação Integrada do Património construído, envolvendo o caso específico dos edifícios de adobe. As primeiras análises mostram evidências de múltiplas causas de fracasso para o apoio de medidas de conservação. O que mais se destaca é a falta de uma estratégia integrada de longo prazo, num programa reconhecido e apoiado. Em segundo lugar, a continuidade das deficiências é expressa nas escolhas inadequadas em vários níveis da tomada de decisão, a ausência de medidas de manutenção e conservação. Em terceiro lugar, a falta de conhecimento sobre os sistemas construtivos tradicionais (de adobe), sua evolução e ampla interação com a arquitetura, a abordagem sobre compatibilização dos atuais padrões de conforto com o valor cultural, e, finalmente, o problema particular do corte hídrico e controlo da ação dos sais no edificado antigo, são causas de falha nas estratégias de conservação de adobe, por falta de informação e de investigação. Esta pesquisa recomenda o reconhecimento do sistema construtivo como um valor cultural, para garantir a longevidade do Património construído tradicional, apoiado na investigação. Aborda as dificuldades de aplicação de estratégias de conservação, a nível internacional para melhor compreender as razões de sucesso ou fracasso. Propõe uma interpretação da evolução do sistema construtivo de adobe e identifica os principais defeitos, para apoiar a base de conhecimento de estratégias de conservação. Por fim, considerando o âmbito de uma Conservação Integrada recomenda uma abordagem que integre questões-chave de sensibilização para o património e investigação. O caso de estudo de construção de adobe enfatiza três destas áreas: a ligação entre a arquitetura vernacular e a arquitetura, para sensibilização do público; os problemas de compatibilidade com o conforto, para estratégia de proteção; e finalmente, o efeito da diatomite em barreiras de corte hídrico e aos sais, para apoio aos problemas técnicos de conservação do Património de Terra.
FCT - SFRH/BPD/113053/2015
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AlSulaiti, Abdulla Mohamed Ghanem Mohamed. "Muharraq City : a GIS-based planning strategy for its ancient heritage conservation." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/muharraq-city(d33d1b97-3926-4f51-9de0-e3d4f93f5cb0).html.
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This thesis provides a spatial analytical approach towards protecting the heritage of the town of Muharraq from the influence of development. It advances several recommendations to protect the heritage from further loss or deterioration, and it suggests possible measures to improve the existing situation while preserving growth and heritage. The term “heritage” used in this study encompasses not just the heritage landmarks, but also the "urban fabric‟, including the buildings and neighbourhoods established by generations of Bahraini people, which have been ignored in the past as elements of cultural heritage. The town of Muharraq represents an Islamic town in terms of overall urban fabric, utilization of urban space, and organization of tribes and buildings. Muharraq is the only town in the region which still preserves most of these heritage elements, whereas most of the other towns have lost their heritage completely to extensive modernization. The relevance of this thesis stems from a lack of research in the towns of Bahrain despite their historical significance in the region. The government also realized the heritage significance of the town, which prompted it to begin working toward finding ways to preserve this heritage with sustainable growth. This study has demonstrated the immense potential of spatial and analytical techniques compared to the conventional methods, and it provided a different insight into the history and physical characteristics of the town, hitherto unknown. The thematic mapping and analysis fosters a better appreciation of the historical situation, spatial and temporal variations, identification and quantification of lost heritage, or its degree of loss. The study also suggested methods for improving the outcomes of such analytical methods by improving data quality and refining the analysis, which would significantly improve decision making towards protecting the heritage.
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Wildes, Fred Thomas. "A resource management strategy for the Belize barrier reef system." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41513.
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The need for a broader geographical and functional perspective in managing natural resources of the Belize barrier reef system was examined. The small country of Belize in Central America is struggling to increase its economic development and growth. It has an excellent natural resource base, the most dramatic component being the extensive barrier reef system just offshore.
The research identified key economic and environmental issues relative to Belize’s reef complex, and analyzed resource management policies and actions taken to date. Development and conservation needs suggest a multiple use strategy aimed at economic and environmental sustainability. Due to areal extent and ecological complexity, the present reactive, small-scale and piecemeal approach is not adequate to realize sustainable utilization of the area’s resources. This research shows the need for a broad spatial and interdisciplinary “coastal zone" perspective, leading to a comprehensive and integrated strategy upon which to base resource planning and management.
A strategy for the reef system must be accomplished within the broader context of a national resource management strategy, integrating concerns of economic development and environmental protection. As a component of this national policy, the proposed strategy for the barrier reef system is based on principles of multiple use of resources, coastal zone scope, and sustainability. The research supports a reef system-wide protected area, using a biosphere reserve framework and a customized model planning process to implement the strategy.Master of Science
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Duboisset-Broust, Lauren. "Creating Partnerships Between Governmental Authorities and Indigenous peoples: a New Strategy for Biodiversity Conservation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201711.
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Securing the interactions between plants, animals, microorganisms and the physical environment forms the foundation of sustainable development (Global Biodiversity Strategy, World Resources Institute, 1992). Facing the ongoing depletion of the natural resources, new strategies to ensure biodiversity conservation were developed. The establishment of protected areas by governmental authorities rarely led to successful results, in terms of environmental protection and social justice (Alcorn, 1993). A shift of thinking in the 1970s allowed the conservationists to see the indigenous peoples no longer as barrier to biodiversity conservation but as the holders of complex and historical knowledge of the natural environment. Consequently, partnerships were developed between governments and indigenous communities within the protected areas. This study investigates the results of the creation of partnership, whether it is a good means to achieve biodiversity conservation or not, and under which conditions it can be successful. It also aims to find the perceived benefits and potential limitation of cooperation. Through the analysis of two case studies: the World Heritage site in Laponia, Sweden and the Kaa-Iya del Gran Chaco National Park in Bolivia, the study finds that partnership for biodiversity conservation is utterly related to social and political claims: because a successful partnership cannot be imposed from above, a process towards indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination must be initiated.
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Neves, Veronica. "Towards a conservation strategy of the Roseate tern Sterna dougallii in the Azores Archipelago." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/13/.
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The Roseate Tern, Sterna dougallii, is currently regarded as one of the most endangered seabirds in Europe. The mid-Atlantic Azores islands, Portugal, are an important breeding ground for this species, holding more than 50 per cent of the European population. EU directives are aimed at maintaining and enhancing the current range and breeding numbers of Roseate Tern in the Azores and elsewhere and it is thus a priority species on the Conservation Agenda. However, few studies have examined the Roseate Tern in this geographical area of the Atlantic, and this thesis aims to address this need. The thesis investigates and examines several potential factors affecting breeding numbers of these birds in the archipelago, giving particular attention to predation and potential predators. Data were mainly attained through fieldwork conducted in the period 2002-2004, but investigation of recent historical records of breeding numbers is utilized to assess trends. These historical data were collected between 1989 and 2005, and show that the breeding population has fluctuated widely over the last 16 years. Taking the Roseate Tern demographic parameters into account, this variation can only be explained by means of intermittent breeding. Many more years of research and monitoring will be needed before we can fully understand the factors underlying the decision of Roseate Terns to breed or not in a given year in the archipelago. Nevertheless this lack of a complete understanding of a perhaps natural variation does not prevent implementation of immediate conservation action. This thesis examines the impact of avian predators, such as gulls and starlings, on breeding success. Although terns and starlings can nest in close proximity in the Azores, egg predation by starlings has rarely been reported. In the Azores, this behaviour has only been detected in one colony, Vila islet that holds about 20 per cent of the Azorean Roseate Tern population, but it is the main cause of egg losses in the tern colony. A census conducted to estimate the size of the Yellow-legged Gull population yielded an estimate of 4249 breeding pairs, representing an increase of almost 60 per cent from the previous survey conducted in 1984. A control taste aversion (CTA) experiment was conducted to explore the possibility of using this technique as a way to reduce starling and gull predation. Our results indicate that CTA has potential to work with gulls but it will be much more difficult to use it successfully on starlings. Using an integrated habitat management strategy at Praia Islet, Graciosa, I demonstrate that it is possible to enhance the habitat of the terns and increase their breeding numbers if efforts are global and broad. Future conservation action might need to implement lethal control of starlings in very specific situations. Lethal control should only be undertaken in conjunction with other measures, such as the provision of Roseate Tern artificial nests and close monitoring to assess its effect on productivity. The thesis concludes by summarizing the management and conservation implications of the results and placing these ornithological findings in a wider conservation perspective. By rapidly implementing the actions here described, the populations of Roseate Terns should increase in future to the point where it is no longer critically endangered.
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Phelps, Bondaroff Teale Nevada. "Direct enforcement on the high seas : the strategy of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708123.
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Wilkin, Philip John. "A study of the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis (L), with a strategy for its conservation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7885.
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Corcoran, B. J. "Sustainable rural livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Swaziland : an integrated conservation and Natural Resource Management approach as an alternative livelihood strategy for Swazi Nation Land." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4839.
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Bibliography : p.111-114.This dissertation, in taking a holistic approach, seeks to use the Shewula community initiative as a pilot project for establishing more effective biodiversity conservation and natural resource management initiatives/programmes on Swazi Nation Land (SNL). A new conceptual framework is proposed for integrating community-based conservation (CBC) and community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) on SNL Swaziland, namely Managed Natural Environments (MNEs). The dissertation concludes that an integrated CBC-CBNRM programme should be promoted as an innovative and essential aspect of the Swaziland Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (BSAP).
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Huang, Yani Melody, and 黃雅妮. "Sustainable urban conservation: a design strategy for the renewal of Zhongshan road historic block in Quanzhoucity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39634310.
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Isaiah, Ramalakshmi V. "Development through conservation : a sustainable development strategy with special reference to a heritage zone in Madras." Thesis, University of York, 1996. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2472/.
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MacMurray, Armand J. (Armand John) 1963. "Use of a conservation-of-linkage strategy to identify a candidate for the rat Lymphopenia gene." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8676.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 1999.Includes bibliographical references.
The rat Lymphopenia gene, Lyp, is absolutely required for the development of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) in the BioBreeding (BB) rat. In order to overcome the lack of positional cloning resources available in the rat to clone the Lyp gene, we developed and successfully implemented a conservation-of-linkage (COL) cloning strategy. Using the COL between the rat Lyp region and its murine counterpart, we developed large-scale YAC and fine-scale P1/BAC physical maps of the mouse Lyp region, and integrated these maps with a fine-scale genetic map of the rat Lyp region. Using cDNA fragments obtained through direct cDNA selection, we established a transcript map of the mouse Lyp region. One of these transcripts, PA, maps in the region fully-linked with Lyp and its transcript level is severely reduced in Lyp/LLyp homozygous animals. It is expressed chiefly in immune system organs, most strongly in the thymus, where Lyp is thought to act; within the thymus, PA is restricted to punctate expression in the thymic medulla--again, the inferred site of Lyp action in late T-cell thymic maturation. Although no functional mutation has yet been identified in the Lyp haplotype allele of PA, it remains the leading candidate gene for Lyp. The successful cloning of the rat Lyp region validates the COL cloning strategy and suggests that this strategy may be widely applicable among mammalian species.
by Armand J. MacMurray.
Ph.D.
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Burke, Russell Paul. "Alternative substrates as a native oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reef restoration strategy in Chesapeake Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616589.
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Oyster shell for native oyster reef restoration is scarce in Chesapeake Bay and other estuaries (Chapter 1). Consequently, alternative substrates merit consideration in oyster restoration. This dissertation examines the suitability of shell alternatives, including granite, concrete, limestone marl, concrete modules and reefballs with reef surveys and experiments in the Rappahannock and Lynnhaven Rivers of Chesapeake Bay. Oyster recruitment, growth, survival, density, biomass, condition, and disease stress, as well as reef accretion and persistence, were measured. In the Lynnhaven River, intertidal riprap had a mean density of 978 oysters m-2 (165 g AFDM m-2) and peak densities > 2000 oysters m-2 (Chapter 2), which are among the highest abundances on alternative reefs, shell or otherwise. Riprap reefs supported a robust population size structure, signifying consistent annual recruitment and reef sustainability. Riprap age (older > younger) and location influenced reef performance; granite and concrete both supported dense oyster-mussel assemblages. In 2005 and 2007, oyster and mussel population structure, density and biomass were quantified on a novel, subtidal concrete modular reef deployed in 2000 in the Rappahannock River (Chapter 3). The reef was not seeded or harvested. Densities (m-2 river bottom) were very high for oysters (2005: 991 m-2; 2007: 2191 m-2) and mussels (2005: 8433 m-2; 2007: 6984 m-2) and comparable to the highest densities on shell reefs. An adjoining 0.44 ha array of concrete reefs (Steamer Rock) was deployed in 1994 and sampled in 2006. These reefs contained > 4 million oysters and > 30 million mussels. Oysters from both reef systems had low disease prevalence and intensity. In a field experiment (Chapter 4), treatments simulating oyster habitat were placed at three intertidal sites in Long Creek of the Lynnhaven River. Granite had highest oyster recruitment and abundance (density > 1500 m-2 and biomass > 200 g AFDM m-2). Many reefs reached a mature state after two years. By Year 3, some reefs had accreted 15-20 L of shell m-2 river bottom, and contained three year classes; some treatments had > 30 % of live oysters growing on other oysters. Large oysters (> 95 mm shell height) had lower intensities of Dermo infection than smaller (60-90 mm) oysters. These patterns indicate that oyster disease tolerance has developed in these high-salinity waters, and highlight the importance of substrate type and reef location in ecological oyster reef restoration. In summer 2006, nine reefs were constructed at two shoreline sites in the Lynnhaven River (Chapter 5), three each of oyster shell (OS), riprap (RR), and concrete modules (CM). Six reefballs were placed at each site, half pre-seeded with hatchery-reared oysters. Finally, in situ setting of triploid oyster larvae on OS, RR and CM reefs was attempted. After 2.5 yrs, all reefs had high oyster density and biomass (unseeded: 150-1200 m -2, 150-600 g AFDM m-2; seeded: 30-1800 oysters m -2), and sustainable accretion rates (8-15 L m-2 yr -1); diploid and triploid oysters had light Dermo infections. Consequently, alternative substrates can serve as effective oyster reefs under diverse conditions in subtidal and intertidal environments of Chesapeake Bay.
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Hogan, Anthony David. "Australia's native forest and rainforest timber usage and the plantation strategy alternative /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envh714.pdf.
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Sullivan, Shara. "Principles and Procedures for Place-Based Conservation Planning for Canadian Species at Risk." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40151.
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Place-based biological conservation planning and recovery delineates “places” – spatial extents with favourable conditions for the recovery and management of multiple species simultaneously. Places represent geographic areas where constituent species are more likely to benefit from a specific set of recovery and management actions. Currently, place-based conservation planning is focused on prioritizing already-identified places. Findlay and McKee (2016) propose an approach to identify and delineate places by grouping geographical units based on species-at-risk (SAR) co-localization in (a) geographical, and (b) threat space. The following research is a practical application of the Findlay-McKee Methodology (FMM), using southern Ontario as a case study. I develop a parameterized algorithm to operationalize the design principles laid out in the FMM. I first define metrics to characterize the variation in SAR overlap and the degree to which sets of SAR share common threats. Next, I explore how the spatial extent of places (place size) changes as a function of tolerance for dissimilarity in both measures. The case study allowed me to evaluate the benefits and limitations of the FMM. I conclude that the FMM has the potential to be a defensible method for characterizing places based on SAR community overlap and inter-species threat similarity. However, the FMM’s applicability is limited by the availability of datasets at an appropriate resolution for analysis; uncertainty in selecting appropriate thresholds of tolerance for dissimilarity; and the criteria used to designate seed planning units. Given the increasing popularity of multi-species and ecosystem level recovery and conservation management, developing an efficient and effective process to guide place selection is crucially important. I recommend further research focus on empirically determining the number of places in a planning region and identifying at what tolerance thresholds places lose their ability to delineate areas where a comparatively small number of recovery actions will confer widespread benefits.
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Yantis, James Hugh. "Vegetation classification and the efficacy of plant dominance-based classifications in predicting the occurrence of plant and animal species." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4165.
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One strategy for conserving biodiversity is to select large-area preserves that complement each other so the maximum number of species is conserved. Estimates of biodiversity and complementarity are needed for optimum selection of preserves. Comparisons are made in part by defining and mapping vegetation associations under the assumption that candidate areas with no associations in common likely have high complementarity. Conversely, areas with many associations in common have low complementarity. Vegetation associations are often distinguished on the basis of the dominant plant species. Associations with markedly different dominants (e.g., evergreen and deciduous trees) are expected to indicate high complementarity. In this study I evaluated the complementarity of an evergreen forest and a deciduous forest. I also evaluated a dichotomy of subsoil texture. I compared 6 groups of species: (1) woody plants (Dicotyledonae), (2) birds (Aves), (3) small mammals (Mammalia) plus herptiles (Amphibia) and (Reptilia), (4) beetles(Coleoptera), (5) ants (Formicidae) plus velvet ants (Mutillidae), and (6) spiders (Araneae). I made the comparisons using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), redundancy analysis (RDA), logistic regression, and 3 indices of biodiversity. In this study the species of dominant tree was more strongly associated with the distribution of species than was soil texture. Dominant tree and soil texture used together greatly improved the association with the distribution of species. The association defined by the dominant evergreen tree was not different than the association defined by the dominant deciduous tree, based on the criteria that an association is defined as having a Jaccard similarity index between 0.25 and 0.5. Similarities >0.5, as in this case, are too similar to be an association and are termed a subassociation. Evergreen forests and deciduous forests do not necessarily have high complementarity. Different dominant plant species do not necessarily define different associations. Dominant plant species are not necessarily useful in defining associations or higher-level classifications.
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Huang, Yani Melody. "Sustainable urban conservation a design strategy for the renewal of Zhongshan road historic block in Quanzhou city /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39634310.
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Sandlin, Darrell R. "A proactive design strategy for facility managers of laboratory environments." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04022004-145554/unrestricted/sandlin%5Fdarrell%5Fr%5F200405%5Fms.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Building Construction, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004.Richard W. Trent, Committee Member; Felix T. Uhlik, Committee Member; Linda M. Thomas-Mobley, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-81).
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Le, Roux Andries. "The value of an energy efficiency strategy : the case for Pioneer Foods." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80648.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research study explored energy efficiency and the possible implications for a South African company, the Pioneer Foods Group (Pioneer Foods). “What value could Pioneer Foods derive from an energy efficiency strategy?” is the research question posed in this study. The case study analysis revealed that Pioneer Foods recently listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and therefore needed to implement an environmental management strategy as part of their carbon footprint reporting. Energy efficiency turned out to be one aspect that could have a significant impact on their carbon footprint. The most important barrier to energy efficiency identified at Pioneer Foods was found to be the lack of real-time electrical consumption information as this could result in a lack of ownership taken by mill management. Further barriers included the use of wrong information for benchmarking purposes as well as a possible misunderstanding of the different electricity tariffs shown on the electrical utility bill. Possible ways to overcome the barriers to energy efficiency at Pioneer Foods included installation of energy meters for real-time monitoring of the energy consumption, empowerment of people to ensure buy-in, as well as key performance indicators for mill managers linked to energy efficiency. It was suggested that the energy efficiency strategy be implemented in stages covering short-term, medium-term and long-term objectives. This way the implementation process would seem less intrusive to people and also give the energy efficiency team the opportunity to learn more and perhaps adjust the strategy throughout the implementation process. This research project should act as a starting point for Pioneer Foods to grow from being unconsciously incompetent to becoming consciously competent in the field of energy efficiency. The observations made throughout this study, should convince companies that energy efficiency should not just matter to high energy users. All companies should explore their own drivers for implementing energy efficiency and act on it.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsingstudie het die effektiewe gebruik van energie, en die moontlike implikasies vir ‘n Suid Afrikaanse maatskappy, die Pioneer Voedsel Groep (Pioneer Voedsel) ondersoek. “Watter waarde sou Pioneer Voedsel kon put uit ‘n energie-effektiwiteit-strategie?” is die navorsingsvraag wat in hierdie studie gestel is. Uit die analise blyk dat Pioneer Voedsel onlangs op die Johannesburgse Effektebeurs genoteer is. Daar word dus van hulle verwag om ‘n omgewingsbestuur-strategie in plek te stel as deel van hul koolstofvoetspoor-verslaggewing. Dit blyk dat energie-effektiwiteit een aspek is wat ‘n groot impak op hulle koolstofvoetspoor kan hê. Die grootste struikelblok tot energie-effektiwiteit by Pioneer Voedsel geïdentifiseer, was die tekort aan intydse elektriese verbruiksinligting. Dit kan veroorsaak dat die bestuur nie eienaarskap neem van energie-effektiwiteit nie. Verdere struikelblokke sluit in die gebruik van foutiewe inligting vir metingsdoeleindes asook ‘n moontlike gebrek aan begrip van die verskillende elektrisiteitstariewe uiteengesit op die elektrisiteitsrekening. Moontlike maniere om die struikelblokke by Pioneer Voedsel te oorkom sluit in die installasie van energiemeters vir intydse monitering van energieverbruik, bemagtiging van mense om inkoop te verseker, en sleutelprestasie-aanwysers vir bestuurders gekoppel aan energie-effektiwiteit. Dit word voorgestel dat die energie-effektiwiteit-strategie in fases geïmplementeer word om sodoende kort-, medium- en langtermyn-mikpunte te bereik. Sodoende sal die implementering van die proses minder indringend vir personeel wees. Dit gee ook die energie-effektiwiteit-span die kans om meer te leer asook die strategie aan te pas soos nodig tydens die implementeringsproses. Hierde navorsingsprojek moet dien as die vertrekpunt vir Pioneer Voedsel om te groei van onwetend onbekwaam tot wetend bekwaam in die veld van energie-effektiwiteit. Verder behoort dit maatskappye te oortuig dat energie-effektiwiteit nie net ‘n verskil maak vir hoë energie verbruikers nie, maar dat alle maatskappye hulle eie drywers vir die implementering van energie-effektiwiteit behoort te identifiseer en daarvolgens aksiestappe te neem.
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Kesch, Kristina Verfasser], and Jörg U. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Ganzhorn. "Game fencing as a human-wildlife conflict mitigation strategy and its implications for conservation / Kristina Kesch. Betreuer: Joerg Ganzhorn." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065805411/34.
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Erguner, Baytok Yasemin. "Population Status, Threats And Conservation Approaches For A Highly Threatened Endemic Plant, Centaurea Tchihatcheffii Fisch. &." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610122/index.pdf.
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Centaurea tchihatcheffii Fisch. &Mey. is a critically endangered annual endemic plant found only in Ankara. This study aimed to determine its distributional range, metapopulation status, the effects of agricultural activities, and assess conservation options. Occurrences and population size estimates were carried out by ground surveys. Two adjacent subpopulations were intensively studied during 2004-2008. Plant and seed demographic data were collected in the field and by laboratory tests. Field experiments simulated the effects of agricultural practices. Risks of extinction and possible impacts of different management actions were investigated through a population viability analysis (PVA) by constructing a two-stage stochastic model. Six scenarios involving different management actions were run with 10,000 replications each using RAMAS Metapop. A total of 14 patchily distributed subpopulations were found to have an extent of occurrence of >
700 km2. Herbicide applications caused extreme mortality and reduced germination success, and were shown to be the major anthropogenic threat against long-term survival of C. tchihatcheffii. Tillage led to an increase in density and reproductive success in the following year. PVA simulations for most scenarios predicted extinction of both subpopulations within 4 to 95 years, but a conservation management scenario involving delayed tillage ensured viable populations with a combined size of 21 million individuals. PVA results demonstrated that timing and frequency of tillage is crucial. Therefore, we propose tillage to be carried out after seed set every other year for protected subpopulations to ensure their long term persistence. Alternatively, unprotected subpopulations elsewhere can benefit from organic or nature-friendly farming.
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秦建文 and Kin-man Tsin. "The sustainability of a cultural link: the Sunbeam Theatre : searching for a strategy for conserving privately-owned built heritage in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42181793.
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Ramkrishnan, Karthik. "Optimal Investment Strategy for Energy Performance Improvements in Existing Buildings." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19855.
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Current global efforts for energy conservation and optimization are focused on improvements in energy supply and production systems, and on encouraging the adoption of energy-efficient devices and equipment. However, systematic assessments of economic and technical implications when adopting energy-efficient alternative systems in buildings have not yet been explored thoroughly. The uncertainty about the consequences of investing in alternative energy-efficient systems has led to a prolonged utilization of obsolete building systems (underperforming HVAC systems, inefficient lighting systems, badly maintained and equipment, and so forth). This has led to overall poor energy efficiency, creating considerable burden on the building operation budget.
This research discusses the procedure for formulating an investment strategy to improve existing building energy performance. The approach is suitable for large building portfolios where a plethora of potential refurbishment interventions can be considered. This makes our approach especially suited for use on university campuses and most of this report will focus on that particular application utilization protocols especially for use on campuses. This investment model only looks at the energy related savings versus investments; it is well understood that the ultimate selection of the optimal set of improvement options of a portfolio will be determined by additional considerations, such as overall value, occupant satisfaction, productivity improvements, aesthetics, etc. Nevertheless, many campus managers are confronted with the question how much energy they can save with a given investment amount. This is exactly what our approach helps to answer.
The investment optimization strategy is implemented in software "InvEnergy," which systematically calculates the costs and benefits of all possible building-technology pairings, taking uncertainties in the saving/investment calculations and estimates into account. This tool empowers decision makers in facility management to make complex investment decisions during continuous building commissioning.
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Shirley, David. "The phytogeography of the Summer Isles, Wester Ross, Scotland : a test of island biogeographic theory and its implications for conservation strategy." Thesis, University of Salford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239989.
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Contreras, Macbeath Einar Topiltzin. "An analysis of the spatial distribution of freshwater fishes of Mexico, their conservation status, and the development of a conservation strategy for species with imminent risk of extinction based on contemporary theories and practices." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2014. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/580129/.
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Due to human activities freshwaters are experiencing declines in biodiversity far greater than those in the most affected terrestrial and marine ecosystems, consequently freshwater fishes are by far the most affected group of vertebrates. This situation stands true for Mexican freshwater fishes and their corresponding ecosystems. In this respect, Mexico has a long history of environmental policy, and seeking to protect its biodiversity, the country has carried out a series of important initiatives in response to the adoption of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), such as the creation of the National Biodiversity Commission in 1992, the elaboration of the National Biodiversity Strategy, regional action plans, as well as conservation strategies for terrestrial and marine species and environments, but unfortunately, little has been done in relation to the conservation of freshwater species, nor the ecosystems they live in. With this in mind, the main aim of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution of the Freshwater Fishes of Mexico, their conservation status, and to develop a conservation strategy for species with imminent risk of extinction. In order to develop the strategy four basic phases were taken: (1) assessment of the freshwater fishes of Mexico, (2) determination of conservation priorities, (3) identification and diagnosis of problems, and (4) planning solutions. These were achieved through a series of different methodologies for each particular case. The first part of the assessment phase consisted in developing an updated species list of Mexican freshwater fishes that resulted in a working list of 616 fish species grouped in 61 families for Mexican freshwaters (265 are Mexican endemics). Globally there are approximately 12,000 described freshwater fish species, so results show that Mexico holds 5.1% of the global freshwater fish diversity. This is a large figure considering that the Mexican territory represents only 1.3% of the world global land area. The second part of the assessment phase consisted in developing a study of richness and endemism which was crucial for identifying hotspots and consequently for directing conservation efforts. This was done by mapping and overlaying individual species distributions by means of geographical information systems based on museum data. The results of this study confirmed several previously proposed centers of freshwater fish richness (Southeastern Mexico, the Mesa Central, the Bravo-Conchos river system and the Panuco and Tuxpan-Nautla rivers). Seven areas with high CWEI endemism values were identified, but the valley of Cuatrociénegas was recognized as a true center. An alarming result was the identification of a “Ghost” center of endemism (Llanos El Salado) in Southwestern Nuevo León, where the six endemic Cyprinodont species that were present in this center are all extinct or extinct in nature. 49 single site endemics were identified that are distributed all over Mexico, but it is noteworthy to mention Chichancanab lagoon in the border between Yucatan and Quintana Roo, where a flock composed of 6 endemic Cyprinodonts is present. Three hotspots of richness + endemism were identified for Mexico, the most important of which is the Mesa Central where impacts by human activities have had a detrimental effect on fish populations. In order to determine conservation priorities the risk of extinction for each of the 616 species was assessed according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Results show that 218 species (36%) in 25 families are classified as threatened, 49 are critically endangered (8%), 82 are endangered (14%), 88 are vulnerable (14%). With a total of 160 threatened species, five families compromise 73% of the total, these are Cyprinidae with 55 threatened species, Goodeidae with 38, Poeciliidae with 23, Atherinopsidae with 22 and Cyprinidontidae with 21. Lost fishes, both extinct and extinct in the wild represent 3% of the total with 20 species, 15 of which are Mexican endemics. There are only 18 species (3%) classified as Near Threatened, these belong to 9 families, most diverse of which is Poeciliidae with 7 species. Data Deficient species account for only 2% of the total. Over half of the species (56%) are considered as Least Concern. These figures are very similar to those found for European freshwater fishes, but differ (are worse) from what has been found for Africa, and for global data. Once these phases were completed, an assessment was carried out on the Mexican legal and institutional framework related to freshwater fish species conservation, as well as the effectiveness of ongoing biodiversity conservation strategies by means of on ex-post analysis based on the two Mexican governmental policies related to ecosystem and biodiversity conservation, which are those related to Protected Areas and Conservation of species at risk, implemented by the National Commission on Protected Areas. Results show that even though there have been many successful strategies in the terrestrial realm, over the past 16 years there is a tendency of more freshwater fish species being imperiled. So it is fair to say that conservation programs have not had a positive impact on freshwater fishes. Due to the large number of threatened freshwater fish species found, within such a large country, with limited economic resources for species conservation actions, a decision was made to identify as conservation targets, those species with imminent risk of extinction. After applying a prioritization method, 45 species within nine families, distributed in 30 different sites were identified as those with the highest extinction risk. With the information produced in the previous sections a conceptual model was developed that included scope, vision, and the conservation goal of preventing imminent extinctions. Direct threats were then identified for these sites (recreational activities, water management/use, water pollution and invasive species), and from these contributing factors. Based on the former, 10 general actions are proposed to minimize the impact of these contributing factors, and a case study with Notropis boucardi from the higher Balsas river basin is presented as an example of how these actions can be applied to achieve conservation results. In general terms it can be said that by collating and analyzing data in a systematic manner, by using geographical information systems, and by discussing the results in the context of contemporary theories or views related to conservation practice, the present study has not only contributed to the knowledge of Mexican freshwater fish species, their conservation status and threats, but has set the basis for the implementation of specific conservation actions for species with imminent risk of extinction. It is clear that much work is still needed in order to change the precarious situation of Mexican freshwater fishes and their habitats, but while the Federal Government needs to work harder in aspects such as water treatment and sanitation, there is an opportunity in State and Local governments, that could take the lead in protecting their critically endangered freshwater fish species. Fortunately the database produced for this study, as well as the ten conservation actions identified can serve as the starting point for specific local conservation initiatives.
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O'Grady, Janis. "Developing an environmental education strategy framework: a case study of the Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003375.
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The study focused on the development of an environmental education (EE) strategy framework in the Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT) of South Africa. Evidence shows that the roles of conservation and biodiversity education could potentially be merged towards producing a practical strategy, beneficial to the organisation and its individual staff members. Questionnaires, interviews and the individual perceptions of staff members, as well as the analysis of relevant documents, suggested that the potential for the practice of EE towards the development of an EE strategy within the organisation is substantial. EWT staff members can contribute towards a change in the way that South Africans think about conservation and nature. Environmental ethics need to be promoted and understood by all. Within the EWT, environmental education activities are in place and diverse, yet they lack any form of monitoring and evaluation. The Trust is already practicing a form of EE but the potential to do more and the opportunities for expansion are unlimited.
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Makarowski, Kathryn Elizabeth. "An investigation of spatial and temporal variability in several of Montana's reference streams working toward a more holistic management strategy /." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-08252009-120501.
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Pinho, Ana Claudia da Costa. "Conceitos e politicas de reabilitação urbana : análise da experiência portuguesa dos gabinetes locais." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1439.
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A reabilitação urbana é actualmente um tema incontornável quer se fale de conservação e defesa do património, de desenvolvimento sustentável, de ordenamento do território ou de coesão social. No entanto, o conceito de reabilitação urbana sofreu uma enorme evolução desde os anos 60 até aos nossos dias, no que respeita aos seus objectivos, princípios, âmbito de actuação, metodologia e abordagem. Emerge da política de conservação do património arquitectónico mas rapidamente ultrapassa esse âmbito, em reposta a novos desafios de natureza social, económica, ambiental e cultural. Devido à sua rápida evolução e crescente complexidade, é frequente o conceito de reabilitação urbana ser usado de forma equívoca e redutora e os processos de intervenção não terem em conta os pressupostos que lhe estão subjacentes. Apesar de a informação existente sobre a matéria ser vasta, esta é de natureza sectorial, dispersa e fragmentada, não tendo sido alvo de compilação e sistematização até à data. Neste contexto, o principal objectivo desta tese é clarificar o conceito de reabilitação urbana no contexto europeu, analisando a sua evolução até aos nossos dias. Para cada década são elaborados quadros de síntese onde se definem os objectivos, os princípios, o âmbito e os instrumentos de actuação, os mecanismos de financiamento e os papéis dos vários actores nos processos de reabilitação urbana. Com esta análise pretende-se não só determinar em que consiste a reabilitação urbana hoje, como também, através do estudo da sua evolução e dos quadros de síntese, estabelecer uma matriz de referência cronológica, contra a qual podem ser comparados diferentes processos e políticas de reabilitação urbana, implementados no passado, em curso ou a propor para o futuro. Por fim, esta matriz de referência é aplicada a Portugal, mais especificamente, à experiência dos Gabinetes Técnicos Locais, cujo programa esteve em vigor aproximadamente vinte anos, e que foi, até recentemente, o único programa nacional dedicado à reabilitação urbana. Esta aplicação permite validar a aplicabilidade da matriz de referência criada, bem como tirar conclusões sobre a adequabilidade deste programa – e, logo, da política nacional de reabilitação urbana –, ao longo do seu período de vigência, face à evolução do estado da arte no contexto europeu.Urban regeneration is nowadays a mandatory theme when dealing with heritage conservation and preservation, sustainable development, spatial planning or social cohesion. However, the concept of urban regeneration went through a considerable evolution since its origins in the 1960s, in terms of its aims, principles, scope of intervention, methods and approaches. It emerged in the framework of architectural heritage conservation policy, but quickly went beyond this scope, through the confrontation with new social, economic, environmental and cultural challenges. The fast evolution and growing complexity of urban regeneration is partly responsible for a frequently improper, ambiguous or overly narrow use of the notion; in addition, its implementation processes often fail to take into due account the principles which constitute its theoretical underpinnings. Despite the existence of an abundant literature on the subject, the available information is divided along sectorial lines, scattered and fragmented, and has never been compiled and systematized until today. The main aim of this thesis is therefore to clarify the concept of urban regeneration in the European context, by analysing its evolution from its origins to the present. Summary tables for each decade characterize the aims, principles, scope and means of intervention, financing mechanisms and the role of each actor in the urban regeneration process. The purpose of this analysis is not only to determine what urban regeneration is about, but also, through the study of its evolution and the summary tables, to build a comprehensive chronological reference framework, against which different urban regeneration policies and programs can be compared, whether they belong to the past, to current policy or are intended for future proposal. Finally, the reference framework is applied to Portugal, more precisely to the Local Technical Offices programme, which was operational for approximately twenty years, and was, until recently, the only national programme dedicated to urban regeneration. This example serves to verify the applicability of the reference framework, as well as to draw conclusions about the appropriateness of this particular programme – and hence, of the Portuguese urban regeneration policy –, across nearly two decades, in comparison with the evolution of the European state of the art in this area.
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Rondahl, Tomas. "Whole-crop pea-oat silages in dairy production : effects of maturity stage and conservation strategy on fermentation, protein quality, feed intake and milk production /." Umeå : Dept. of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/2007112.pdf.
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Sung, Ka-leung. "Energy consumption strategy : an overview of district cooling and heating in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B2342509x.
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Guillet, Fanny. "Une analyse stratégique pour l'organisation à finalité environnementale : le cas d’une ONGE, la Tour du Valat, Centre de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0528/document.
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Avec la montée en puissance de la préoccupation environnementale dans l'espace public, les ONG d'environnement sont attendues sur leur capacité à remplir leur mission. S'étant donné pour rôle d'agir en faveur de la protection des écosystèmes et de la biodiversité, elles veulent augmenter les impacts positifs de leurs actions. La problématique théorique et pratique à laquelle cette thèse s'attache à répondre se décompose dans les questions suivantes : (i) comment agissent et peuvent agir les ONGE ? (ii) Quel raisonnement stratégique peut contribuer à renforcer leurs actions environnementales ? (iii) Comment appréhender et évaluer l'efficacité pour l'environnement de ces actions qui sont bien souvent indirectes (sensibilisation, influence des décisions, etc.) par rapport aux objets écologiques visés ?Cette recherche s'inscrit dans les sciences de gestion de l'environnement et des théories des organisations, en particulier dans le champ de la stratégie, et adopte l'Analyse Stratégique de la Gestion Environnementale comme cadre théorique. L'analyse est réalisée à partir d'une démarche de recherche-intervention menée pendant 3 ans ausein d'une ONGE, la Tour du Valat, centre de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes.(i) A travers l'étude de trois cas d'actions développés par l'ONGE, nous montrons que les choix et la mise enœuvre de ces actions sont le fruit d'une articulation entre quatre registres stratégiques : la construction de l'objet écologique à conserver, le mode d'action environnementale pour intervenir dans l'espace public, ledéveloppement interne (gestion des ressources et compétences) et la position acquise et développée dans le secteur de la conservation. (ii) A partir de connaissances générées dans l'interaction avec les membres de l'ONGE, nous montrons que les actions environnementales peuvent être renforcées en respectant, au moment de leur construction (en interne de l'organisation), la démarche suivante : la clarification des objectifs écologiqueset l'explicitation de la stratégie au regard d'un diagnostic du système où il s'agit d'intervenir. (iii) Enfin nousconcluons de notre analyse des pratiques d'évaluation qu'il est possible de relier la stratégie mise en œuvre à ses résultats en termes d'efficacité environnementale et l'on propose un cadre d'évaluation permettant de retracer la chaîne de sens, depuis les objectifs écologiques jusqu'aux résultats de l'action déployée. Cette logique évaluative favorise la réflexion stratégique et l'amélioration de l'action environnementale dans ses procédures et ses résultatsAs a result of the ever growing environmental concerns and awareness among the general audience, environment NGOs now must come up to people's expectations. According to the role they appointed themselves in favor of the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity, they want to improve the positive impacts of their actions. The theoretical and practical issue to which the present PhD thesis attempts to respond can be split into the three following questions. (i) What are the actions of the NGO's and what can they really do ? (ii) What strategic reasoning can contribute to strength en their environmental actions ? (iii) What it the best way to apprehend and evaluate the ecological impacts of theses actions which are indirect most of the time (consciousness-raising campaign, lobbying, etc) ?This research lies within the scope of environmental management and theories of organizations, especially in thefield of strategy, and adopts the Strategic Analysis of Environmental management as a theoretical framework.The analysis is based on a 3-year work-research process carried out within la Tour du Valat, an ENGO and research centre for the conservation of mediterranean wetlands.(i) Through three case studies developed by this ENGO, we show that the choices and the implementation ofthese actions are the result of the articulation of four strategic registers : the construction of the ecological object to conserve, the internal development (resources and competences management) as well as the position acquired and developed in the preservation sector. (ii) Based on the data generated by an interaction with the workers ofthe ENGO, we show case how the original design and planning of the environmental actions could be improved by following a process of clarification of the ecological objectives and better explanation of the strategy regarding the diagnostic of the socio ecosystem concerned. (iii) As a conclusion of our evaluation process, we illustrate thatit is possible to link an implemented strategy to its ecological impacts within an evaluation framework whichenables to follow the thinking process, from the ecological objectives onto the results of the deployed action.This evaluative logical thinking nurtures strategic thinking as well as procedural improvements of environmentalactions
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Higgins, Maya. "An Assessment of the Potential Success of Translocation as a Conservation Strategy for Western Toads (Anaxyrus boreas) at the Robert J. Bernard Biological Field Station." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/137.
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In response to imminent habitat destruction at the Robert J. Bernard Biological Field Station (BFS), translocation was assessed as a conservation strategy for a population of Western toads (Anaxyrus boreas). Currently, the BFS is home to a relatively unstudied population of Western toads, which rely on the existence of a seasonal breeding pond in open land owned by Harvey Mudd College on the west side of the field station. Unfortunately, there are plans to develop this plot of land within the next few years and so the breeding pond will be destroyed. In an effort to protect the Western toads, which are listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, a new breeding pond was developed within the protected portion of the field station. Then, the potential of the new pond to be used as a habitat for Western toads was assessed. Pond temperatures, light intensities, algae growth, and suspended material were measured in both the original and the new ponds from January to April, 2010 and were found to be suitable in both locations for the development of Western toad tadpoles. When eggs were laid in the original breeding pond, egg and then later tadpole development were monitored in the field. Additionally, nearly 400 tadpoles were captured and raised in the laboratory in water from both the new and old ponds (as well as dechloraminated tap water) in order to determine how and to what degree the different pond water types affected the development and survival of the tadpoles. In the laboratory, tadpole survival and the percent of tadpoles to achieve full metamorphosis was higher in water from the new pond than water from the original breeding pond, suggesting that there is nothing apparent about the water chemistry in the new pond that would limit tadpole development. Lastly, a mini-translocation of 400 young tadpoles was completed as a trial for a full-scale relocation attempt in the future. These tadpoles developed normally in the new pond when compared to tadpoles from the original pond and also had a high survival rate (at least 75%) to full metamorphosis. Translocation success cannot be determined without long-term monitoring and unfortunately, although the aquatic habitat of the new pond seems suitable for relocation, the terrestrial habitat as well as the predator density surrounding the new pond may limit its success in the future. However, due to the lack of time before the original breeding pond is destroyed, full-scale translocation of eggs and tadpoles during the next breeding season is recommended.
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Hayton, Richard. "Conservative Party leadership strategy and the legacy of Thatcherite Conservatism, 1997-2005." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10326/.
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This research is a detailed analysis of the Conservative Party leadership's strategy between 1997 and 2005. Through an application of the strategic-relational approach to political analysis, it examines how the party responded to defeat, and seeks to explain why it struggled to return to a position from which it could effectively challenge for power. The particular focus is on how key figures in the leadership elite interpreted and understood the context they faced, how they sought to orientate their strategies towards it, and how ideology shaped their perspective. Three dilemmas for contemporary conservatism are highlighted and considered in depth: European integration; national identity and the 'English question'; and social liberalism versus social authoritarianism. These were chosen as each presents a significant ideological challenge for contemporary conservatism. The thesis explores how the leadership handled each of these, and how they related to the party's efforts to develop a strategy for electoral revival. The research exposes the inconsistent and uncertain nature of Conservative Party electoral strategy in this period. The strategic-relational analysis suggests that this stemmed not merely from the failure of key actors in the leadership, but from the need to address competing and sometimes contradictory contextual demands, and from difficulties inherent in dealing with the legacy of Thatcherism. The thesis argues that an appreciation of the 1997 -2005 period is essential for an understanding of the trajectory of contemporary conservatism under Cameron.
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Miller, Edward Herbert. "Mavericks of the Metroplex: Dallas Republicans, the Southern Strategy, and the American Right." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3705.
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Thesis advisor: Cynthia L. LyerlyThis dissertation explores the ultraconservative Republican and moderate conservative Republican movements in Dallas, Texas between 1952 and 1964, an essential period in which the GOP abandoned its longstanding identification as the party of President Lincoln and Reconstruction and adopted the Southern Strategy. While the first generation of scholars of American conservatism recognized the influence of ultraconservatives who embraced conspiracy theory, absolutist thinking, and apocalyptic rhetoric, the most recent scholarship has tended to downplay the impact of this ultraconservative worldview and stress moderate conservatives' upward mobility and mainstream and modern values. Through the lens of the Republican Party in Dallas, Texas--an epicenter of American conservative Republicanism in the 1950s and 1960s--this dissertation argues that while moderate conservative Republicans were important, ultraconservatives Republicans were more essential to the conservative Republican ascendancy. The dissertation shows that ultraconservative Republicans standing on the "fringe" of mainstream conservatism served not only to push many Republicans to embrace right-wing ideas, but mainstreamed and legitimated the moderate conservative Republicans in the 1950s and 1960s. In showing that ultraconservatives mattered more than historians previously thought, the dissertation suggests that the most recent scholarship has overcompensated for the first generation of historians, who tended to pathologize the Right and dismiss its staying power
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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Colvin, Donald A. "A methodology for developing a preservation vegetation management strategy for a historic designed landscape : Dayton's Hills and Dale's Park." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722768.
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Vegetation management techniques have only recently been applied to the preservation of historic designed landscapes mainly because vegetation was not previously recognized as an important component of the historic sites. An example of a lack of vegetation management planning is seen as Hills and Dales Park in Dayton, Ohio. This Olmsted Brothers site design reveals several strong levels of historic significance. Resource managers predominately deal with budget constraints and maintenance priorities which emphasize public health and safety before preservation concerns. The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology to capture the historic character of the Hills and Dales Park and subsequently translate it into a preservation vegetation management plan (PVM). This strategy may be adapted by other researchers for use on additional sites.The primary data sources used in this study originated with historic photographs and digitally captured topographical and early 1900 survey maps. The data were appraised using previous verbal site descriptions documented by (Vernon 1987, 1988), and on site field reconnaissance. Analytical models were developed based on topography, soil, slope/aspect, disturbance, and boundary edge data. Random samples were taken using a variable plot method and a ten factor basal area prism. Field data were collected and used to determine plant species composition, forest types, tree basal area, tree diameter breast height, vegetation physical condition and aesthetic composition of plant groupings. Data were synthesized into recommendations for the Hills and Dales Park vegetation management strategy. Analysis and the proposed PVM scheme were undertaken using Intergraph's Geographic Information Systems spatial modeling software.The PVM strategy for Hills and Dales Park was developed from the above methodology for evaluating vegetation on historic landscapes. Once the site was inventoried and assessed, a sustainable vegetation management strategy was proposed based on proven ecological and silvicultural techniques. This scheme's main objective was to protect the park's historic integrity, sense of place, and historic vegetation composition.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Zambri, Emilia Eva. "Heritage and reconciliation within a post-colonial society, Cockatoo Island a case study." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78339.
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Heritage conservation and management has its own challenges and opportunities. If done correctly, it has the potential to re-establish the thread of continuity with a previous time. Most prominently, heritage conservation and management has the ability to facilitate legislative change, promote reconciliation and social reconstruction in a sustainable manner. It is this research papers intention to re-imagine the conservation and management process at a postcolonial heritage site with a shared history and meaning. Keeping this objective in mind, Cockatoo Island is discussed as a suitable heritage site and case study for the paper. The investigation into the case study will be undertaken by taking inspiration from Roha W. Khalaf’s publication of Cultural Heritage Reconstruction after Armed Conflict: Continuity, Change, and Sustainability. The study will reframe Khalaf’s concepts of cultural continuity, change and sustainability, by investigating its application to the discussed heritage site’s conservation and management processes. The synergies between Khalaf’s conceptual ideas could strengthen the connections between indigenous communities and their heritage sites. Further, these synergies could also facilitate for the social reconciliation of post-colonial communities, especially in the context of shared history and meaning.Mini Dissertation (MSocSci)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Andrew Mellon Foundation
Tangible Heritage Conservation
MSocSci (Tangible Heritage Conservation)
Unrestricted
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Biton, Sébastien. "Biologie, écologie et conservation du requin peau bleue (Prionace glauca) et du requin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) en Atlantique nord-est." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4075/document.
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Contrairement au requin mako, l´évolution des débarquements de requins peau bleue en Atlantique nord-est a connu une augmentation durant les deux années 2012 et 2013. Les requins vendus à la criée sont majoritairement juvéniles, l´âge de maturité étant tardif chez les deux espèces. Les stratégies alimentaires du peau bleue et du mako ont été étudiées par des analyses des contenus stomacaux associés aux isotopes stables. Le large spectre de proies identifiées confirme le caractère généraliste et opportuniste de leur alimentation. Les résultats indiquent que les céphalopodes sont les proies principales du requin peau bleue et que les téléostéens, en particulier le balaou de l´Atlantique (Scomberesox saurus), sont les principales proies du requin mako. Leur place de prédateurs supérieurs dans l´écosystème marin pélagique a été confirmée par leur niveau trophique à partir, 1) des contenus stomacaux : 4,8 pour le requin bleue et à 5,0 pour le requin mako, et 2) des ratios isotopiques : 5,2 et 5,3 respectivement. Les signatures isotopiques ont montré certaines incohérences en terme de fractionnement entre les requins et leurs principales proies qui peuvent s´expliquer par le caractère opportuniste et migratoire des requins mais également par leur métabolisme. Les teneurs en mercure total (Hg) observées dans la chair consommée des requins peau bleue et requin mako sont, en moyenne, en dessous du seuil limite autorisé par l´Union Européenne (1 mg/kg de chair fraîche). Cependant, les grands individus accumulent des quantités élevées, les requins peau bleue de plus de 248 cm et les requins mako de plus de 178 cm s´avérant majoritairement impropres à la consommationOver the past two years, landings of mako have decreased and those of blue shark increased. The sharks landed in a fish market are mainly juvenile, the maturity age being late for both species. Feeding strategies were studied for blue shark and shortfin mako on the basis of stomach content and stable isotope analyses. The high number of identified prey species confirms these sharks’generalist and opportunistic diet. Results showed that cephalopods were the main prey for blue shark, while teleosts, especially Atlantic saury (Scomberesox saurus), were the main prey for shortfin mako. Their top-predator status in the marine pelagic ecosystem was confirmed by their estimated trophic levels from 1) stomach content analyses: 4.8 for blue shark and 5.0 for shortfin mako, and 2) stable isotope ratios: 5.2 and 5.3 respectively. The stable isotope ratios showed some incoherence in fractioning between sharks and their prey. This may be explained by their opportunistic diet and the migratory behaviour of shark, associated with their metabolism. The mercury mean level in the muscle of blue shark and shortfin mako was below the maximum limit allowed by the European Union (1mg/kg fresh meat). However, large sharks showed higher mercury levels. Shark meat was considered unfit for human consumption for blue shark bigger than 248 cm and for shortfin mako bigger than 178 cm. Some tests were undertaken under real longline fishing conditions to investigate ways to reduce shark catches. The results showed that electromagnetic waves were ineffective to reduce catches of blue shark
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Dácio, Dirceu da Silva. "Percepção ambiental e sustentabilidade de agricultores familiares nas localidades dos lagos do Paru e do Calado, Manacapuru/Am." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2011. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2541.
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Previous issue date: 2011-09-12Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The purpose of this study was to analyze the environmental perception of family farmers about the sustainability of family farming in the locality of Lagos do Paru e do Calado, Manacapuru, Amazonas State, Brazil. The approach adopted in the research was systemic and multi-disciplinary approach to the construction of knowledge. The method employed was the case study, combining various techniques: field diary, simple observation, semi-structured interviews and meeting with focus groups of adults. Data analysis showed that the family farmers of the locality have in your production system different characteristics in the use of natural resources such as access to different units of landscapes (forest, terra firme , restinga , lakes e river) and system components (extractivism animal and vegetal, fallow, roça , cultivation, home garden e creation). It can be observed from the perception of farmers about the environment, conservation strategies developed, categorized as: forest conservation (36,7%); lakes/river (36,7%); gallery forest (14,3%) e araçazal (12,2%). In addition, were identified the following factors that negatively impact the landscape: external pressure (37,8%), population growth (27 %), farm/cattle (18,9%) e pottery (16,2%), these factors compromise to environmental conservation in the locality. From the observed data were constructed sustainability indicators: i) social organization, ii) myths and symbols, iii) access to the diversity of landscape units for agricultural crops and extraction, iv) pluriactivity and v) adaptability for understanding the relationships (social, economic) between these family farmers and the environment. Thus, it was found that the family farmers perceive that the modification process promotes change in the landscape conservation strategies, compromising the sustainability of agricultural production units.
O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a percepção ambiental dos agricultores familiares sobre a sustentabilidade da produção agrícola familiar na localidade dos Lagos do Paru e do Calado, Manacapuru, estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Foi adotada na pesquisa a abordagem sistêmica que propõe uma abordagem multidisciplinar e multirreferencial para a construção do conhecimento. O método empregado foi o estudo de caso, combinando várias técnicas: diário de campo, observação simples, entrevistas semi-estruturadas focalizadas e reunião com grupo focal de adultos. A análise dos dados evidenciou que os agricultores familiares da localidade têm em seu sistema de produção características diversificadas na utilização dos recursos naturais, tais como acesso a diferentes unidades de paisagens (mata, terra firme, restinga, lago e rio) e componentes do sistema produtivo (extrativismo animal e vegetal, capoeira, roça, cultivo, sítio e criação). Pode-se observar, a partir da percepção dos agricultores sobre o ambiente, que desenvolveram estratégias de conservação, categorizadas como: conservação da mata (36,7%); lagos/rio (36,7%); mata ciliar (14,3%) e araçazal (12,2%). Além disso, foram identificados os fatores que impactam negativamente a paisagem: pressão externa (37,8%), aumento da população (27 %), fazenda/gado (18,9%) e olaria (16,2%), esses fatores comprometem a conservação ambiental na localidade. A partir dos dados levantados foram construídos os indicadores de sustentabilidade: i) organização social, ii) mitos e símbolos, iii) acesso a diversidade das unidades de paisagem para os cultivos agrícolas e para o extrativismo, iv) pluriatividade e v) adaptabilidade para entender as relações (sociais, econômicas) entre esses agricultores familiares e o ambiente. Assim, ficou constatado que os agricultores familiares percebem que o processo de modificação da paisagem promove alteração nas estratégias de conservação ambiental, comprometendo a sustentabilidade das unidades de produção agrícola
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Jacobs, Brian W. "Essays on operations strategies." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31655.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Co-Chair: Singhal, Vinod; Committee Co-Chair: Subramanian, Ravi; Committee Member: Hora, Manpreet; Committee Member: Thomas, Valerie; Committee Member: Toktay, Beril. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Walter, Martina. "Ekosystemansatsen på landskapsnivå." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1584.
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The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) promotes the Ecosystem Approach (EA). In this thesis it is analyzed how the EA approach could be applied to regional management of coastal areas in Sweden. The aim of this report is to compare management for preserving biodiversity on a landscape level in two regional coastal areas in Uppsala and Västra Götaland respectively. In Uppsala, one of the plans consists of a previous nature reserve and in Västra Götaland, a Regional landscape strategy has been established. The ecosystem approach is used as a theoretical framework in this thesis. More precisely, five EA operational guidelines have been used as analytical tools in the comparative approach adopted.
The results show that the Västra Götaland Regional landscape strategy has been most consistent with the EA framework, since it fulfills three of the five operational guidelines while Gårdsskärskusten only accomplish two of the criteria. The social aspects are more central in the landscape strategy than in Gårdskärskusten, which is the main difference between the two plans. One area of inadequacy detected in the landscape strategy was the few identified aspects on maintenance of landscape connectivity features. The Regional landscape strategy could, if established in every county in Sweden, be a way to prevent the loss of biodiversity. However the plan needs to be supported by actions where preservation and utilization are integrated in an economic context. By considering nature protection as a development opportunity in strategic planning rather than as only a cost, important steps towards a sustainable future can be taken.
För att implementera målsättningarna i FN:s Konvention om Biologisk Mångfald har en ekosystemansats (EA) antagits och en viktig ekosystemtyp i Sverige där EA kan appliceras är kuster. Syftet med examensarbetet är att, med ekosystemansatsen som analysverktyg, studera hur och varför två planer för att bevara biologisk mångfald på landskapsnivå i två regionala kustområden i Uppsala län respektive Västra Götalands län skiljer sig åt. Planen består i Uppsala län av ett tilltänkt naturreservat och i Västra Götalands län av en Regional landskapsstrategi. Uppsatsens teoretiska förankring sker i ekosystemansatsen, med fokus på dess fem vägledande punkter och metodvalet är en jämförande design. Inom ramen för den jämförande designen har sedan en innehållsanalys samt kompletterande semistrukturerade intervjuer utförts.
Resultatet visar att den Regionala landskapsstrategin i dagsläget är mer i linje med ekosystemansatsen, eftersom den uppfyller tre av fem vägledande punkter medan processen med Gårdsskärskusten enbart uppfyller två av fem vägledande punkter. I landskapsstrategin är sociala aspekter centrala och det är en förklaring till varför de olika planerna skiljer sig åt. Intressant är dock att betoningen på aktörsinvolvering verkar leda till att vissa ekologiska grundprinciper som konnektivitet i landskapet tonas ned, vilka är framträdande i processen med Gårdskärskusten. Regionala landskapsstrategier kan enligt min mening innebära ett stort steg mot att hindra förlusten av biologisk mångfald i Sverige om de uppförs i varje län. Inom landskapsstrategierna är det vidare essentiellt att skyddade områden, som exempelvis Gårdsskärskusten, också inkorporerar ett landskapsstrategitänk och i många fall innebär det att skötselåtgärder fortsätter att utföras. Svårigheten kan dock vara hur finansieringen av skötseln skall ske men där finns alternativa inkomstmöjligheter, från exempelvis naturturism och stresshantering på företag, som behöver utvecklas ytterligare.
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Sung, Ka-leung, and 宋家樑. "Energy consumption strategy: an overview of district cooling and heating in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255073.
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